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Gehlen J, Stundl A, Debiec R, Fontana F, Krane M, Sharipova D, Nelson CP, Al-Kassou B, Giel AS, Sinning JM, Bruenger CMH, Zelck CF, Koebbe LL, Braund PS, Webb TR, Hetherington S, Ensminger S, Fujita B, Mohamed SA, Shrestha M, Krueger H, Siepe M, Kari FA, Nordbeck P, Buravezky L, Kelm M, Veulemans V, Adam M, Baldus S, Laugwitz KL, Haas Y, Karck M, Mehlhorn U, Conzelmann LO, Breitenbach I, Lebherz C, Urbanski P, Kim WK, Kandels J, Ellinghaus D, Nowak-Goettl U, Hoffmann P, Wirth F, Doppler S, Lahm H, Dreßen M, von Scheidt M, Knoll K, Kessler T, Hengstenberg C, Schunkert H, Nickenig G, Nöthen MM, Bolger AP, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Samani NJ, Erdmann J, Trenkwalder T, Schumacher J. Elucidation of the genetic causes of bicuspid aortic valve disease. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:857-866. [PMID: 35727948 PMCID: PMC10153415 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The present study aims to characterize the genetic risk architecture of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease, the most common congenital heart defect. METHODS AND RESULTS We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 2236 BAV patients and 11 604 controls. This led to the identification of a new risk locus for BAV on chromosome 3q29. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2550262 was genome-wide significant BAV associated (P = 3.49 × 10-08) and was replicated in an independent case-control sample. The risk locus encodes a deleterious missense variant in MUC4 (p.Ala4821Ser), a gene that is involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. Mechanistical studies in zebrafish revealed that loss of Muc4 led to a delay in cardiac valvular development suggesting that loss of MUC4 may also play a role in aortic valve malformation. The GWAS also confirmed previously reported BAV risk loci at PALMD (P = 3.97 × 10-16), GATA4 (P = 1.61 × 10-09), and TEX41 (P = 7.68 × 10-04). In addition, the genetic BAV architecture was examined beyond the single-marker level revealing that a substantial fraction of BAV heritability is polygenic and ∼20% of the observed heritability can be explained by our GWAS data. Furthermore, we used the largest human single-cell atlas for foetal gene expression and show that the transcriptome profile in endothelial cells is a major source contributing to BAV pathology. CONCLUSION Our study provides a deeper understanding of the genetic risk architecture of BAV formation on the single marker and polygenic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gehlen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anja Stundl
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Radoslaw Debiec
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Federica Fontana
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dinara Sharipova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Baravan Al-Kassou
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Giel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Malte Sinning
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Carolin F Zelck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura L Koebbe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas R Webb
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Stephan Ensminger
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Buntaro Fujita
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Salah A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Malakh Shrestha
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Krueger
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Siepe
- Heart Center Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, University Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Alexander Kari
- Heart Center Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, University Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Nordbeck
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Buravezky
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Veulemans
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Department of Medicine III, Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department of Medicine III, Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Yannick Haas
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Mehlhorn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Helios Klinik Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Breitenbach
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Vascular Surgery, Clinic of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Corinna Lebherz
- Department of Medicine I, Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Urbanski
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Clinic, Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt, Neustadt, Germany
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Kerckhoff Clinic, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Joscha Kandels
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Nowak-Goettl
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, University Hospital of Kiel and Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Wirth
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Doppler
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Lahm
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz von Scheidt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Knoll
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aidan P Bolger
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University Heart Centre Lübeck, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Teresa Trenkwalder
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Schumacher
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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High throughput mutation screening of cardiac transcription factor GATA4 among Tanzania children with congenital heart diseases. THE NUCLEUS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Chaithra S, Agarwala S, Ramachandra NB. High-risk genes involved in common septal defects of congenital heart disease. Gene 2022; 840:146745. [PMID: 35863714 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The septation defect is one of the main categories of congenital heart disease (CHD). They can affect the septation of the atria leading to atrial septal defect (ASD), septation of ventricles leading to ventricular septal defect (VSD), and formation of the central part of the heart leading to atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Disruption of critical genetic factors involved in the proper development of the heart structure leads to CHD manifestation. Because of this, to identify the high-risk genes involved in common septal defects, a comprehensive search of the literature with the help of databases and the WebGestalt analysis tool was performed. The high-risk genes identified in the analysis were checked in 16 Indian whole-exome sequenced samples, including 13 VSD and three Tetralogy of Fallot for in silico validation. This data revealed three variations in GATA4, i.e., c.C1223A at exon 6: c.C602A and c.C1220A at exon 7; and one variation in MYH6, i.e., c.G3883C at exon 28 in two VSD cases. This study supports previously published studies that suggested GATA4 and MYH6 as the high-risk genes responsible for septal defects. Thus, this study contributes to a better understanding of the genes involved in heart development by identifying the high-risk genes and interacting proteins in the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaithra
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - Swati Agarwala
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - N B Ramachandra
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India.
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Hao L, Ma J, Wu F, Ma X, Qian M, Sheng W, Yan T, Tang N, Jiang X, Zhang B, Xiao D, Qian Y, Zhang J, Jiang N, Zhou W, Chen W, Ma D, Huang G. WDR62 variants contribute to congenital heart disease by inhibiting cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e941. [PMID: 35808830 PMCID: PMC9270576 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and has high heritability. Although some susceptibility genes have been identified, the genetic basis underlying the majority of CHD cases is still undefined. Methods A total of 1320 unrelated CHD patients were enrolled in our study. Exome‐wide association analysis between 37 tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients and 208 Han Chinese controls from the 1000 Genomes Project was performed to identify the novel candidate gene WD repeat‐containing protein 62 (WDR62). WDR62 variants were searched in another expanded set of 200 TOF patients by Sanger sequencing. Rescue experiments in zebrafish were conducted to observe the effects of WDR62 variants. The roles of WDR62 in heart development were examined in mouse models with Wdr62 deficiency. WDR62 variants were investigated in an additional 1083 CHD patients with similar heart phenotypes to knockout mice by multiplex PCR‐targeting sequencing. The cellular phenotypes of WDR62 deficiency and variants were tested in cardiomyocytes, and the molecular mechanisms were preliminarily explored by RNA‐seq and co‐immunoprecipitation. Results Seven WDR62 coding variants were identified in the 237 TOF patients and all were indicated to be loss of function variants. A total of 25 coding and 22 non‐coding WDR62 variants were identified in 80 (6%) of the 1320 CHD cases sequenced, with a higher proportion of WDR62 variation (8%) found in the ventricular septal defect (VSD) cohort. WDR62 deficiency resulted in a series of heart defects affecting the outflow tract and right ventricle in mouse models, including VSD as the major abnormality. Cell cycle arrest and an increased number of cells with multipolar spindles that inhibited proliferation were observed in cardiomyocytes with variants or knockdown of WDR62. WDR62 deficiency weakened the association between WDR62 and the cell cycle‐regulated kinase AURKA on spindle poles, reduced the phosphorylation of AURKA, and decreased expression of target genes related to cell cycle and spindle assembly shared by WDR62 and AURKA. Conclusions WDR62 was identified as a novel susceptibility gene for CHD with high variant frequency. WDR62 was shown to participate in the cardiac development by affecting spindle assembly and cell cycle pathway in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- ENT institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feizhen Wu
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoxiang Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tizhen Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Medical Laboratory of Nantong ZhongKe, Nantong, Jiangsu
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicheng Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Early Intervention of Genetically Related Childhood Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Afouda BA. Towards Understanding the Gene-Specific Roles of GATA Factors in Heart Development: Does GATA4 Lead the Way? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5255. [PMID: 35563646 PMCID: PMC9099915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors play crucial roles in the regulation of heart induction, formation, growth and morphogenesis. Zinc finger GATA transcription factors are among the critical regulators of these processes. GATA4, 5 and 6 genes are expressed in a partially overlapping manner in developing hearts, and GATA4 and 6 continue their expression in adult cardiac myocytes. Using different experimental models, GATA4, 5 and 6 were shown to work together not only to ensure specification of cardiac cells but also during subsequent heart development. The complex involvement of these related gene family members in those processes is demonstrated through the redundancy among them and crossregulation of each other. Our recent identification at the genome-wide level of genes specifically regulated by each of the three family members and our earlier discovery that gata4 and gata6 function upstream, while gata5 functions downstream of noncanonical Wnt signalling during cardiac differentiation, clearly demonstrate the functional differences among the cardiogenic GATA factors. Such suspected functional differences are worth exploring more widely. It appears that in the past few years, significant advances have indeed been made in providing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which each of these molecules function during heart development. In this review, I will therefore discuss current evidence of the role of individual cardiogenic GATA factors in the process of heart development and emphasize the emerging central role of GATA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boni A Afouda
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill Health Campus, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
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6
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Mubeen H, Farooq M, Rehman AU, Zubair M, Haque A. Gene expression and transcriptional regulation driven by transcription factors involved in congenital heart defects. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 192:595-604. [PMID: 35441975 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-02974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most important birth defects caused by more than one mutated gene. Mutations in the genes could cause different types of congenital heart defects including atrial septal defect (ASD), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and ventricular septal defect (VSD). OBJECTIVES Cardiac transcription factors are key players for heart development and are actively involved in controlling stress regulation of the heart. Transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that control the process of transcription and work in a synergistic manner. We aim to characterize core cardiac transcription factors including NKX2-5, TBX, SRF, GATA4, and MEF2, which encode homeobox and MADS domain and play a crucial role in heart development. METHODS In this study, we have explored the important transcription factors involved in cardiac development and genes controlling the expression and regulation process by using the bioinformatics approach. RESULTS We have predicted the orthologs and homologs based on their evolutionary history, conserved protein domains, functional sites, and 3D structures for better understanding and presentation of factors responsible for causing CHD. Results showed the importance of these transcription factors for normal heart functioning and development. CONCLUSION Understanding the molecular pathways and genetic basis of CHD will help to open a new door for the treatment of patients with cardiac defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Mubeen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. .,Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Haque
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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7
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Abbasi S, Mohsen-Pour N, Naderi N, Rahimi S, Maleki M, Kalayinia S. In silico analysis of GATA4 variants demonstrates main contribution to congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 13:336-354. [PMID: 35047139 PMCID: PMC8749364 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital abnormality and the main cause of infant mortality worldwide. Some of the mutations that occur in the GATA4 gene region may result in different types of CHD. Here, we report our in silico analysis of gene variants to determine the effects of the GATA4 gene on the development of CHD.
Methods: Online 1000 Genomes Project, ExAC, gnomAD, GO-ESP, TOPMed, Iranome, GME, ClinVar, and HGMD databases were drawn upon to collect information on all the reported GATA4 variations.The functional importance of the genetic variants was assessed by using SIFT, MutationTaster, CADD,PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and GERP prediction tools. Thereafter, network analysis of the GATA4protein via STRING, normal/mutant protein structure prediction via HOPE and I-TASSER, and phylogenetic assessment of the GATA4 sequence alignment via ClustalW were performed.
Results: The most frequent variant was c.874T>C (45.58%), which was reported in Germany.Ventricular septal defect was the most frequent type of CHD. Out of all the reported variants of GATA4,38 variants were pathogenic. A high level of pathogenicity was shown for p.Gly221Arg (CADD score=31), which was further analyzed.
Conclusion: The GATA4 gene plays a significant role in CHD; we, therefore, suggest that it be accorded priority in CHD genetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Abbasi
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mohsen-Pour
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Niloofar Naderi
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Rahimi
- Department of Cardiology, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Kalayinia
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Khatami M, Ghorbani S, Adriani MR, Bahaloo S, Naeini MA, Heidari MM, Hadadzadeh M. Novel Point Mutations in 3'-Untranslated Region of GATA4 Gene Are Associated with Sporadic Non-syndromic Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defects. Curr Med Sci 2021; 42:129-143. [PMID: 34652630 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcription factor GATA4 has significant roles in embryonic heart development. Mutations of GATA4 appear to be responsible for a wide variety of congenital heart defects (CHD). Despite the high prevalence of GATA4 mutations in CHD phenotypes, extensive studies have not been performed. The 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the GATA4 gene comprises regulatory motifs and microRNA binding sites that are critical for the appropriate gene expression, nuclear transportation, and regulation of translation, and stability of mRNA. This study aimed to evaluate the association between mutations in the 3'-UTR of the GATA4 gene and CHD risk among Iranian patients. METHODS We analyzed the coding region of exon 6 and the whole 3'-UTR of GATA4 in DNA isolated from 175 blood samples of CHD patients and 115 unrelated healthy individuals. The functional importance of the observed GATA4 mutations was evaluated using a variety of bioinformatics algorithms for assessment of nonsynonymous mutations and those observed in miRNA binding sites of 3'-UTR. RESULTS Twenty-one point mutations including one missense mutation (c.511A>G: p.Ser377Gly) in exon 6 and 20 nucleotide variations in 3'-UTR of GATA4 gene were identified in 65 of the 175 CHD patients. In our patients, we identified 12 novel sequence alterations and 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3'-UTR of GATA4. Most of them had statistically significant differences between CHD patients and controls. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 3'-UTR variations of the GATA4 gene probably change microRNA binding sites and present an additional molecular risk factor for the susceptibility of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Khatami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 8915818411, Iran.
| | - Sajedeh Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 8915818411, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Bahaloo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 8915818411, Iran
| | - Mehri Azami Naeini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 8915818411, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hadadzadeh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 8915887856, Iran
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9
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Stefekova A, Capkova P, Capkova Z, Curtisova V, Srovnal J, Mracka E, Klaskova E, Prochazka M. MLPA analysis of 32 foetuses with a congenital heart defect and 1 foetus with renal defects - pilot study. The significant frequency rate of presented pathological CNV. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2021; 166:187-194. [PMID: 33824538 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the detection rate of the pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) in a cohort of 33 foetuses - 32 with CHD (congenital heart defects) and 1 with kidney defect, after exclusion of common aneuploidies (trisomy 13, 18, 21, and monosomy X) by karyotyping, Multiplex ligation - dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). We also assess the effectivity of MLPA as a method of the first tier for quick and inexpensive detection of mutations, causing congenital malformations in foetuses. METHODS MLPA with probe mixes P070, P036 - Telomere 3 and 5, P245 - microdeletions, P250 - DiGeorge syndrome, and P311 - CHD (Congenital heart defects) was performed in 33 samples of amniotic fluid and chorionic villi. CMA was performed in 10 relevant cases. RESULTS Pathogenic CNVs were found in 5 samples: microdeletions in region 22q11.2 (≈2 Mb) in two foetuses, one distal microdeletion of the 22q11.2 region containing genes LZTR1, CRKL, AIFM3 and SNAP29 (≈416 kb) in the foetus with bilateral renal agenesis, 8p23.1 (3.8 Mb) microdeletion syndrome and microdeletion in area 9q34.3 (1.7 Mb, Kleefstra syndrome). MLPA as an initial screening method revealed unambiguously pathogenic CNVs in 15.2 % of samples. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that MLPA and CMA are a reliable and high-resolution technology and should be used as the first-tier test for prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Determination of the cause of the abnormality is crucial for genetic counselling and further management of the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stefekova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Capkova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Capkova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclava Curtisova
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Srovnal
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Enkhjargalan Mracka
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Klaskova
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Prochazka
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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10
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Riching AS, Danis E, Zhao Y, Cao Y, Chi C, Bagchi RA, Klein BJ, Xu H, Kutateladze TG, McKinsey TA, Buttrick PM, Song K. Suppression of canonical TGF-β signaling enables GATA4 to interact with H3K27me3 demethylase JMJD3 to promote cardiomyogenesis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 153:44-59. [PMID: 33359755 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes (CMs) represents a promising strategy to regenerate CMs lost after ischemic heart injury. Overexpression of GATA4, HAND2, MEF2C, TBX5, miR-1, and miR-133 (GHMT2m) along with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) inhibition efficiently promote reprogramming. However, the mechanisms by which TGF-β blockade promotes cardiac reprogramming remain unknown. Here, we identify interactions between the histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) demethylase JMJD3, the SWI/SNF remodeling complex subunit BRG1, and cardiac transcription factors. Furthermore, canonical TGF-β signaling regulates the interaction between GATA4 and JMJD3. TGF-β activation impairs the ability of GATA4 to bind target genes and prevents demethylation of H3K27 at cardiac gene promoters during cardiac reprogramming. Finally, a mutation in GATA4 (V267M) that is associated with congenital heart disease exhibits reduced binding to JMJD3 and impairs cardiomyogenesis. Thus, we have identified an epigenetic mechanism wherein canonical TGF-β pathway activation impairs cardiac gene programming, in part by interfering with GATA4-JMJD3 interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Riching
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Etienne Danis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yuanbiao Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yingqiong Cao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Congwu Chi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brianna J Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Tatiana G Kutateladze
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter M Buttrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kunhua Song
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; The Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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11
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El Bouchikhi I, Bouguenouch L, Moufid FZ, Belhassan K, Samri I, Chaouti A, Houssaïni MI, Atmani S, Ouldim K. Absence of GATA4 Mutations in Moroccan Patients with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Provides Further Evidence of Limited Involvement of GATA4 in Major Congenital Heart Defects. Eurasian J Med 2020; 52:283-287. [PMID: 33209082 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2020.19237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common types of congenital heart disease (CHD). It is mainly caused by mutations of NK2 homeobox 5, GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), and myosin heavy chain 6 in non-syndromic cases. This study aims to carry out, for the first time, the GATA4 mutation screening in a Moroccan population affected by ASD and compare the obtained mutation rate across populations. Materials and Methods A total of 33 patients were enrolled in this study. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood samples, and we performed PCR-sequencing for GATA4 coding regions. Sequences were analyzed by sequence alignment and functional impact prediction tools. Mutation rate comparisons were performed by R software using the appropriate statistical tests. Results We detected 7 variants, but no pathogenic mutation was revealed, except for Asn352= that was assessed by human splicing finder algorithms to have a potential impairing effect on the splicing mechanism. Until proven by in vitro functional studies, the current pathogenic mutation rate in our cohort seems to be 0%. Statistical comparison with previous studies from all over the world shows no significant difference. Seemingly, comparison of previous GATA4 mutation rates among tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) populations shows no significant difference. Conclusion The low rates of GATA4 mutations observed throughout ASD and TOF international populations may suggest a limited causality of GATA4 mutations in the main CHDs, which further confirms the co-involvement of additional genetic and/or environmental factors in the manifestation of these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihssane El Bouchikhi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Laila Bouguenouch
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zohra Moufid
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Khadija Belhassan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Imane Samri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amal Chaouti
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Iraqui Houssaïni
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samir Atmani
- Department of Pediatrics, Medico-surgical Unit of Cardio-pediatrics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Karim Ouldim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
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12
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Thomford NE, Bope CD, Agamah FE, Dzobo K, Owusu Ateko R, Chimusa E, Mazandu GK, Ntumba SB, Dandara C, Wonkam A. Implementing Artificial Intelligence and Digital Health in Resource-Limited Settings? Top 10 Lessons We Learned in Congenital Heart Defects and Cardiology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24:264-277. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Christian Domilongo Bope
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | - Francis Edem Agamah
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kevin Dzobo
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richmond Owusu Ateko
- University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emile Chimusa
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gaston Kuzamunu Mazandu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Badibanga Ntumba
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, D.R. Congo
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Lu F, Zhou Q, Liu L, Zeng G, Ci W, Liu W, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Wang P, Zhang A, Gao Y, Yu L, He Q, Chen L. A tumor suppressor enhancing module orchestrated by GATA4 denotes a therapeutic opportunity for GATA4 deficient HCC patients. Theranostics 2020; 10:484-497. [PMID: 31903133 PMCID: PMC6929984 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Effective targeting therapies are limited in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) clinic. Characterization of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and elucidation their signaling cascades could shed light on new strategies for developing targeting therapies for HCC. Methods: We checked genome-wide DNA copy number variation (CNV) of HCC samples, focusing on deleted genes for TSG candidates. Clinical data, in vitro and in vivo data were collected to validate the tumor suppressor functions. Results: Focal deletion of GATA4 gene locus was the most prominent feature across all liver cancer samples. Ectopic expression of GATA4 resulted in senescence of HCC cell lines. Mechanistically, GATA4 exerted tumor suppressive role by orchestrating the assembly of a tumor suppressor enhancing module: GATA4 directly bound and potently inhibited the mRNA transcription activity of β-catenin; meanwhile, β-catenin was recruited by GATA4 to promoter regions and facilitated transcription of GATA4 target genes, which were TSGs per se. Expression of GATA4 was effective to shrink GATA4-deficient HCC tumors in vivo. We also showed that β-catenin inhibitor was capable of shrinking GATA4-deficient tumors. Conclusions: Our study unveiled a previously unnoticed tumor suppressor enhancing module assembled by ectopically expressed GATA4 in HCC cells and denoted a therapeutic opportunity for GATA4 deficient HCC patients. Our study also presented an interesting case that an oncogenic transcription factor conditionally functioned as a tumor suppressor when recruited by a TSG transcription factor.
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14
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Fang T, Zhu Y, Xu A, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Huang G, Sheng W, Chen M. Functional analysis of the congenital heart disease‑associated GATA4 H436Y mutation in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2325-2331. [PMID: 31322241 PMCID: PMC6691264 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of developmental defect, with high rates of morbidity in infants. The transcription factor GATA‑binding factor 4 (GATA4) has been reported to serve a critical role in embryogenesis and cardiac development. Our previous study reported a heterozygous GATA4 c.1306C>T (p.H436Y) mutation in four Chinese infants with congenital heart defects. In the present study, functional analysis of the GATA4 H436Y mutation was performed in vitro. The functional effect of GATA4 mutation was compared with GATA4 wild‑type using a dual‑luciferase reporter assay system and immunofluorescence. Electrophoretic mobility‑shift assays were performed to explore the binding affinity of the mutated GATA4 to the heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 (HAND2) gene. The results revealed that the mutation had no effect on normal nuclear localization, but resulted in diminished GATA‑binding affinity to HAND2 and significantly decreased gene transcriptional activation. These results indicated that this GATA4 mutation may not influence cellular localization in transfected cells, but may affect the affinity of the GATA‑binding site on HAND2 and decrease transcriptional activity, thus suggesting that the GATA4 mutation may be associated with the pathogenesis of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Zhu
- Cardiovascular Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Anlan Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P.R. China
| | - Qingfa Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P.R. China
| | - Guoying Huang
- Cardiovascular Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Cardiovascular Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Mingwu Chen
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China
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15
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MEF-2 isoforms' (A-D) roles in development and tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2755-2787. [PMID: 31105874 PMCID: PMC6505634 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)-2 plays a critical role in proliferation, differentiation, and development of various cell types in a tissue specific manner. Four isoforms of MEF-2 (A-D) differentially participate in controlling the cell fate during the developmental phases of cardiac, muscle, vascular, immune and skeletal systems. Through their associations with various cellular factors MEF-2 isoforms can trigger alterations in complex protein networks and modulate various stages of cellular differentiation, proliferation, survival and apoptosis. The role of the MEF-2 family of transcription factors in the development has been investigated in various cell types, and the evolving alterations in this family of transcription factors have resulted in a diverse and wide spectrum of disease phenotypes, ranging from cancer to infection. This review provides a comprehensive account on MEF-2 isoforms (A-D) from their respective localization, signaling, role in development and tumorigenesis as well as their association with histone deacetylases (HDACs), which can be exploited for therapeutic intervention.
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16
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Implication of GATA4 synonymous variants in congenital heart disease: A comprehensive in-silico approach. Mutat Res 2018; 813:31-38. [PMID: 30590232 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Synonymous variations, previously considered as neutral, are recently shown to have a significant impact on mRNA structure and stability thereby affecting protein expression and function. Their role in disease pathogenesis is also emerging. GATA4 is an important transcription factor involved in cardiac development and a well-known candidate gene associated with congenital heart disease (CHD). In the present study, we sought to conduct molecular screening of GATA4 gene in 285 sporadic and non-syndromic CHD cases. We identified four synonymous (c.27C>A, c.822C>T, c.1233G>A and c.1263C>T) and two intronic variants (g.83217T>G & g.85012T>A) in GATA4. Extensive computational analysis using widely acceptable tools i.e., Mfold, Human Splicing Finder (HSF) and Codon Usage bias was performed with a view to understand their putative downstream effects on GATA4 function. Mfold, a mRNA structure prediction tool showed the alterations of the mRNA structure and stability due to synonymous variants. Similarly, HSF also confidently predicted effect on the cis-acting regulatory elements of splicing due to four synonymous and one donor site intronic variants. Additionally, a significant change in 'Relative Synonymous Codon usage (RSCU) frequencies' and 'log ratio of codon usage frequencies' of variant codon was also noted that might affect the rate of translation. This study establishes that the synonymous variants are possibly associated with disease phenotype in CHD patients. Comprehensive computational analysis, using well-established web based tools, is suggestive of their potential downstream molecular effects on the structure, stability and expression of GATA4 protein.
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17
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El Bouchikhi I, Belhassan K, Moufid FZ, Houssaini MI, Bouguenouch L, Samri I, Bouhrim M, Ouldim K, Atmani S. GATA4 molecular screening and assessment of environmental risk factors in a Moroccan cohort with tetralogy of Fallot. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:922-930. [PMID: 30766556 PMCID: PMC6354854 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect (CHD) with an incidence of 1/3600 live births. This disorder was associated with mutations in the transcription factors involved in cardiogenesis, like Nk2 homeobox5 (NKX2-5), GATA binding protein4 (GATA4) and T-BOX1 (TBX1). GATA4 contributes particularly to heart looping and differentiation of the second heart field. Objectives The aim of this study was to screen a Moroccan cohort with tetralogy of Fallot for GATA4 mutations, and to assess environmental risk factors that could be involved in the occurrence of this disorder. Methods Thirty-one non-syndromic TOF patients, enrolled between 5th April 2014 and 18th June 2015, were screened for GATA4 mutations using direct sequencing of GATA4 coding exons. Statistical assessment of different risk factors, which is a retrospective study, was carried out using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Results We identified seven exonic variants in nine patients (two missense and five synonymous variants); in addition of eight intronic variants. Assessment of environmental risk factors shows significant association of maternal passive smoking with TOF in the Moroccan population. Conclusion The present study allowed, for the first time, the molecular and environmental characterisation of Moroccan TOF population. Our findings emphasise particularly the strong association of passive smoking with the emergence of tetralogy of Fallot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihssane El Bouchikhi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Khadija Belhassan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zohra Moufid
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Iraqui Houssaini
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Laila Bouguenouch
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Imane Samri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Karim Ouldim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics and Oncogenetics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samir Atmani
- Medico-Surgical Unit of Cardio-Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, HASSAN II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
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18
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Dixit R, Narasimhan C, Balekundri VI, Agrawal D, Kumar A, Mohapatra B. Functionally significant, novel GATA4
variants are frequently associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1957-1972. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Dixit
- Cytogenetics Laboratory; Department of Zoology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Chitra Narasimhan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research; Bengaluru Karnataka India
| | - Vijyalakshmi I. Balekundri
- Super Speciality Hospital; Prime Minister Swasth Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY); Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute; Bengaluru Karnataka India
| | - Damyanti Agrawal
- Department of Cardio-vascular and Thoracic Surgery; Institute of Medical Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics; Institute of Medical Sciences; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Mohapatra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory; Department of Zoology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
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19
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Soheili F, Jalili Z, Rahbar M, Khatooni Z, Mashayekhi A, Jafari H. Novel mutation of GATA4 gene in Kurdish population of Iran with nonsyndromic congenital heart septals defects. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2018; 13:295-304. [PMID: 29377543 DOI: 10.1111/chd.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mutations in GATA4 gene induce inherited atrial and ventricular septation defects, which is the most frequent forms of congenital heart defects (CHDs) constituting about half of all cases. METHOD We have performed High resolution melting (HRM) mutation scanning of GATA4 coding exons of nonsyndrome 100 patients as a case group including 39 atrial septal defects (ASD), 57 ventricular septal defects (VSD) and four patients with both above defects and 50 healthy individuals as a control group. Our samples are categorized according to their HRM graph. The genome sequencing has been done for 15 control samples and 25 samples of patients whose HRM analysis were similar to healthy subjects for each exon. The PolyPhen-2 and MUpro have been used to determine the causative possibility and structural stability prediction of GATA4 sequence variation. RESULTS The HRM curve analysis exhibit that 21 patients and 3 normal samples have deviated curves for GATA4 coding exons. Sequencing analysis has revealed 12 nonsynonymous mutations while all of them resulted in stability structure of protein 10 of them are pathogenic and 2 of them are benign. Also we found two nucleotide deletions which one of them was novel and one new indel mutation resulting in frame shift mutation, and 4 synonymous variations or polymorphism in 6 of patients and 3 of normal individuals. Six or about 50% of these nonsynonymous mutations have not been previously reported. CONCLUSION Our results show that there is a spectrum of GATA4 mutations resulting in septal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Soheili
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR, Iran.,Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, IR, Iran
| | - Zahra Jalili
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR, Iran
| | - Mahtab Rahbar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran Medical University of Medical Science, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Zahed Khatooni
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR, Iran
| | - Amir Mashayekhi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Statistic and Basic Science, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, IR, Iran
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20
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Bose D, D V, Shetty M, J K, Kutty AVM. Identification of intronic-splice site mutations in GATA4 gene in Indian patients with congenital heart disease. Mutat Res 2017; 803-805:26-34. [PMID: 28843068 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect among congenital anomalies that arise before birth. GATA4 transcription factor plays an important role in foetal heart development. Mutational analysis of GATA4 gene in CHD patients revealed five known heterozygous mutations (p.T355S, p.S377G, p.V380M, p.P394T and p.D425N) identified in exons 5 and 6 regions and fifteen intronic variants in the non-coding regions (g.76885T>C/Y,g.76937G>S, g.78343G>R, g.83073T>Y, g.83271C>A/M, g.83318G>K, g.83415G>R, g.83502A>C/M, g.84991G>R, g.85294C>Y, g.85342C>T/Y, g.86268A>R, g.87409G>A/R, g.87725T>Y, g.87813A>T/W). In silico analysis of these intronic variants identified two potential branch point mutations (g.83271C>A/M, g.86268A>R) and predicted effects of these on intronic splice sites as enhancer and silencer motifs. This study attempts to correlate the pattern of intronic variants of GATA4 gene which might provide new insights to unravel the possible molecular etiology of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bose
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaigundan D
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Mitesh Shetty
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnappa J
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - A V M Kutty
- Division of Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India.
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21
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Enane FO, Shuen WH, Gu X, Quteba E, Przychodzen B, Makishima H, Bodo J, Ng J, Chee CL, Ba R, Seng Koh L, Lim J, Cheong R, Teo M, Hu Z, Ng KP, Maciejewski J, Radivoyevitch T, Chung A, Ooi LL, Tan YM, Cheow PC, Chow P, Chan CY, Lim KH, Yerian L, Hsi E, Toh HC, Saunthararajah Y. GATA4 loss of function in liver cancer impedes precursor to hepatocyte transition. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3527-3542. [PMID: 28758902 DOI: 10.1172/jci93488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequent chromosomal structural loss in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of the short arm of chromosome 8 (8p). Genes on the remaining homologous chromosome, however, are not recurrently mutated, and the identity of key 8p tumor-suppressor genes (TSG) is unknown. In this work, analysis of minimal commonly deleted 8p segments to identify candidate TSG implicated GATA4, a master transcription factor driver of hepatocyte epithelial lineage fate. In a murine model, liver-conditional deletion of 1 Gata4 allele to model the haploinsufficiency seen in HCC produced enlarged livers with a gene expression profile of persistent precursor proliferation and failed hepatocyte epithelial differentiation. HCC mimicked this gene expression profile, even in cases that were morphologically classified as well differentiated. HCC with intact chromosome 8p also featured GATA4 loss of function via GATA4 germline mutations that abrogated GATA4 interactions with a coactivator, MED12, or by inactivating mutations directly in GATA4 coactivators, including ARID1A. GATA4 reintroduction into GATA4-haploinsufficient HCC cells or ARID1A reintroduction into ARID1A-mutant/GATA4-intact HCC cells activated hundreds of hepatocyte genes and quenched the proliferative precursor program. Thus, disruption of GATA4-mediated transactivation in HCC suppresses hepatocyte epithelial differentiation to sustain replicative precursor phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O Enane
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wai Ho Shuen
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaorong Gu
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ebrahem Quteba
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bartlomiej Przychodzen
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Juraj Bodo
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joanna Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chit Lai Chee
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rebecca Ba
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lip Seng Koh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Janice Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachael Cheong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marissa Teo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenbo Hu
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kwok Peng Ng
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Maciejewski
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tomas Radivoyevitch
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Alexander Chung
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery and
| | | | - Yu Meng Tan
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery and
| | - Peng-Chung Cheow
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery and
| | - Pierce Chow
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery and
| | - Chung Yip Chan
- Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary and Transplant Surgery and
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Lisa Yerian
- Clinical Pathology, Pathology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric Hsi
- Clinical Pathology, Pathology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yogen Saunthararajah
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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22
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Yang B, Zhou W, Jiao J, Nielsen JB, Mathis MR, Heydarpour M, Lettre G, Folkersen L, Prakash S, Schurmann C, Fritsche L, Farnum GA, Lin M, Othman M, Hornsby W, Driscoll A, Levasseur A, Thomas M, Farhat L, Dubé MP, Isselbacher EM, Franco-Cereceda A, Guo DC, Bottinger EP, Deeb GM, Booher A, Kheterpal S, Chen YE, Kang HM, Kitzman J, Cordell HJ, Keavney BD, Goodship JA, Ganesh SK, Abecasis G, Eagle KA, Boyle AP, Loos RJF, Eriksson P, Tardif JC, Brummett CM, Milewicz DM, Body SC, Willer CJ. Protein-altering and regulatory genetic variants near GATA4 implicated in bicuspid aortic valve. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15481. [PMID: 28541271 PMCID: PMC5458508 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a heritable congenital heart defect and an important risk factor for valvulopathy and aortopathy. Here we report a genome-wide association scan of 466 BAV cases and 4,660 age, sex and ethnicity-matched controls with replication in up to 1,326 cases and 8,103 controls. We identify association with a noncoding variant 151 kb from the gene encoding the cardiac-specific transcription factor, GATA4, and near-significance for p.Ser377Gly in GATA4. GATA4 was interrupted by CRISPR-Cas9 in induced pluripotent stem cells from healthy donors. The disruption of GATA4 significantly impaired the transition from endothelial cells into mesenchymal cells, a critical step in heart valve development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jonas B. Nielsen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael R. Mathis
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Mahyar Heydarpour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada HIT 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada QC H3T 1J4
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Siddharth Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Lars Fritsche
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Gregory A. Farnum
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Maoxuan Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Mohammad Othman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
| | - Whitney Hornsby
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Anisa Driscoll
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alexandra Levasseur
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Marc Thomas
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Linda Farhat
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada HIT 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada QC H3T 1J4
| | - Eric M. Isselbacher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Dong-chuan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - G. Michael Deeb
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Anna Booher
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sachin Kheterpal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jacob Kitzman
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Heather J. Cordell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Bernard D. Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Heart Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Judith A. Goodship
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Santhi K. Ganesh
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Gonçalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kim A. Eagle
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alan P. Boyle
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Per Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada HIT 1C8
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada QC H3T 1J4
| | - Chad M. Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dianna M. Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Simon C. Body
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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23
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Zhang Y, Ai F, Zheng J, Peng B. Associations of GATA4 genetic mutations with the risk of congenital heart disease: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6857. [PMID: 28471988 PMCID: PMC5419936 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA4 gene is a cardiac transcriptional factor playing important role in cardiac formation and development. Three GATA4 gene mutations, 99 G>T, 487 C>T, and 354 A>C, have been reported in congenital heart disease (CHD). Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to explore the associations between 99 G>T, 487 C>T, or 354 A>C mutations and the risk of CHD. METHODS We searched the relevant studies in electronic databases, including ISI Science Citation Index, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, and Wan fang, from January 2006 to March 2016. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the associations between 99 G>T, 487 C>T, or 354 A>C mutations and the risk of CHD. RESULTS A total of 11 studies including 2878 CHD cases and 3339 controls were evaluated. There was no significant association between GATA4 99 G>T (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.74-2.01, P = .43) or 487 C>T (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.48-2.78, P = .74) mutations and the risk of CHD, whereas GATA4 354 A>C (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.15-1.93, P = .003) mutation was significantly associated with CHD risk. Subgroup analysis was further performed for GATA4 99 G>T, 487 C>T, and 354 A>C mutations based on sample size and ethnicity, and no significant association between GATA4 99 G>T or 487 C>T mutations and the risk of CHD was found in all subgroups, whereas GATA4 354 A>C mutation was significantly associated with CHD risk in large-sample-size and Asian subgroups. However, subgroup analysis by types of CHD indicated that there was no significant association between GATA4 354 A>C mutation and the risk of ventricular septal defects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that GATA4 99 G>T and 487 C>T mutations may not be related to the incidence of CHD. However, GATA4 354 A>C mutation was significantly associated with CHD risk.
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Liu Y, Li B, Xu Y, Sun K. Mutation Screening of Gata4 Gene in CTD Patients Within Chinese Han Population. Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 38:506-512. [PMID: 28161810 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-016-1542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Conotruncal heart defect is a complex form of congenital heart disease and usually has a poor prognosis. Although previous studies have identified several missense variants in GATA4 gene that may cause CTD, it remains unclear whether they are involved in CTD pathogenesis because the study population was limited. The aim of the study was to investigate the mutations of GATA4 gene in isolated CTD Chinese Han patients and identify the pathomechanism of the missense mutations. In this report, the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of the GATA4 gene were sequenced in 600 CTD patients and 300 controls. Functional significance of the novel GATA4 gene mutation (p.A167D) was analyzed using PolyPhen 2 and SIFT. And, the functional characteristics of the mutant GATA4 gene were assayed in contrast to its wild-type counterpart using a luciferase reporter assay system as well as Western blot. Eight heterozygous nonsynonymous variants (V380M, G64E, A167D, V267M, S377G, P163S, P407Q, A66T) were found in 22 patients, of which one (A167D) was reported here for the first time and five (G64E, A167D, S377G, P163S, A66T) were only found in CTD patients when compared with 300 controls. The PolyPhen 2 and SIFT programs predicted that the A167D substitution was expected to influence protein function. Subsequent functional analyses revealed that the transcriptional activity and Western blot of A167D mutant GATA4 protein were not altered. These variants may be involved in other mechanisms underlying CTD or may be unrelated to CTD occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bojian Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuejuan Xu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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25
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Shaker O, Omran S, Sharaf E, A Hegazy G, Mashaly M, E A Gaboon N. A novel mutation in exon 1 of GATA4 in Egyptian patients with congenital heart disease. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:217-221. [PMID: 28263493 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1605-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common birth defect. Many studies have reported GATA4 mutations in patients with CHD, mainly septal defects. This study aimed to investigate the GATA4 exon 1 mutation in Egyptian patients with isolated congenital heart defects as a possible causative mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Screening for mutations or any sequence variations in exon 1 of the GATA4 gene was carried out by PCR amplification followed by direct sequencings in 165 Egyptian patients with different nonsyndromic congenital heart diseases and 93 controls who were matched in terms of age and sex. Thorough clinical assessments were done for all subjects, along with X-ray, 2D echocardiography, and Doppler examinations. RESULTS The most common CHD among our cases was isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 47.3% (78/165), followed by isolated atrial septal defect. A novel nonsynonymous sequence variation in fragment 2 (P193H) of exon 1 of GATA4 was detected in 15 (9.1%) of the subjects with septal defects. This mutation was not seen in any of the control group subjects. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of exon 1 GATA4 mutation (9.1%) in our study compared to other studies in different populations, which may correlate with different ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat Shaker
- Departments of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa Omran
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Sharaf
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan A Hegazy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mashaly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa E A Gaboon
- Medical Genetic Center, Faculty of Medicine, AinShams University, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Zhang X, Wang J, Wang B, Chen S, Fu Q, Sun K. A Novel Missense Mutation of GATA4 in a Chinese Family with Congenital Heart Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158904. [PMID: 27391137 PMCID: PMC4938561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent type of birth defect in human, with high morbidity in infant. Several genes essential for heart development have been identified. GATA4 is a pivotal transcription factor that can regulate the cardiac development. Many GATA4 mutations have been identified in patients with different types of CHD. Aims In this study, the NKX2-5, HAND1 and GATA4 coding regions were sequenced in a family spanning three generations in which seven patients had CHD. Disease-causing potential variation in this family was evaluated by bioinformatics programs and the transcriptional activity of mutant protein was analyzed by the dual luciferase reporter assay. Results A novel GATA4 mutation, c.C931T (p.R311W), was identified and co-segregated with the affected patients in this family. The bioinformatics programs predicted this heterozygous mutation to be deleterious and the cross-species alignment of GATA4 sequences showed that the mutation occurred within a highly conserved amino acid. Even though it resided in the nuclear localization signal domain, the mutant protein didn’t alter its intracellular distribution. Nevertheless, further luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that the p.R311W mutation reduced the ability of GATA4 to activate its downstream target gene. Conclusions Our study identified a novel mutation in GATA4 that likely contributed to the CHD in this family. This finding expanded the spectrum of GATA4 mutations and underscored the pathogenic correlation between GATA4 mutations and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (QF); (KS)
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (QF); (KS)
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Yu W, Huang X, Tian X, Zhang H, He L, Wang Y, Nie Y, Hu S, Lin Z, Zhou B, Pu W, Lui KO, Zhou B. GATA4 regulates Fgf16 to promote heart repair after injury. Development 2016; 143:936-49. [PMID: 26893347 DOI: 10.1242/dev.130971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the mammalian heart can regenerate during the neonatal stage, this endogenous regenerative capacity is lost with age. Importantly, replication of cardiomyocytes has been found to be the key mechanism responsible for neonatal cardiac regeneration. Unraveling the transcriptional regulatory network for inducing cardiomyocyte replication will, therefore, be crucial for the development of novel therapies to drive cardiac repair after injury. Here, we investigated whether the key cardiac transcription factor GATA4 is required for neonatal mouse heart regeneration. Using the neonatal mouse heart cryoinjury and apical resection models with an inducible loss of GATA4 specifically in cardiomyocytes, we found severely depressed ventricular function in the Gata4-ablated mice (mutant) after injury. This was accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte replication. In addition, the mutant hearts displayed impaired coronary angiogenesis and increased hypertrophy and fibrosis after injury. Mechanistically, we found that the paracrine factor FGF16 was significantly reduced in the mutant hearts after injury compared with littermate controls and was directly regulated by GATA4. Cardiac-specific overexpression of FGF16 via adeno-associated virus subtype 9 (AAV9) in the mutant hearts partially rescued the cryoinjury-induced cardiac hypertrophy, promoted cardiomyocyte replication and improved heart function after injury. Altogether, our data demonstrate that GATA4 is required for neonatal heart regeneration through regulation of Fgf16, suggesting that paracrine factors could be of potential use in promoting myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Departments of Genetics, Pediatrics and Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - William Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, 999077 China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
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Kinnunen S, Välimäki M, Tölli M, Wohlfahrt G, Darwich R, Komati H, Nemer M, Ruskoaho H. Nuclear Receptor-Like Structure and Interaction of Congenital Heart Disease-Associated Factors GATA4 and NKX2-5. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144145. [PMID: 26642209 PMCID: PMC4671672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transcription factor GATA4 is a dosage sensitive regulator of heart development and alterations in its level or activity lead to congenital heart disease (CHD). GATA4 has also been implicated in cardiac regeneration and repair. GATA4 action involves combinatorial interaction with other cofactors such as NKX2-5, another critical cardiac regulator whose mutations also cause CHD. Despite its critical importance to the heart and its evolutionary conservation across species, the structural basis of the GATA4-NKX2-5 interaction remains incompletely understood. METHODS AND RESULTS A homology model was constructed and used to identify surface amino acids important for the interaction of GATA4 and NKX2-5. These residues were subjected to site-directed mutagenesis, and the mutant proteins were characterized for their ability to bind DNA and to physically and functionally interact with NKX2-5. The studies identify 5 highly conserved amino acids in the second zinc finger (N272, R283, Q274, K299) and its C-terminal extension (R319) that are critical for physical and functional interaction with the third alpha helix of NKX2-5 homeodomain. Integration of the experimental data with computational modeling suggests that the structural arrangement of the zinc finger-homeodomain resembles the architecture of the conserved DNA binding domain of nuclear receptors. CONCLUSIONS The results provide novel insight into the structural basis for protein-protein interactions between two important classes of transcription factors. The model proposed will help to elucidate the molecular basis for disease causing mutations in GATA4 and NKX2-5 and may be relevant to other members of the GATA and NK classes of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Kinnunen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Välimäki
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Tölli
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gerd Wohlfahrt
- Orion Pharma, Computer-Aided Drug Design, Espoo, Finland
| | - Rami Darwich
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Hiba Komati
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail: (HR); (MN)
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- * E-mail: (HR); (MN)
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Yoshida A, Morisaki H, Nakaji M, Kitano M, Kim KS, Sagawa K, Ishikawa S, Satokata I, Mitani Y, Kato H, Hamaoka K, Echigo S, Shiraishi I, Morisaki T. Genetic mutation analysis in Japanese patients with non-syndromic congenital heart disease. J Hum Genet 2015; 61:157-62. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2015.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND CHD is the leading cause of mortality due to birth defects. Array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) detects submicroscopic copy number changes and may improve identification of the genetic basis of CHD. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of 1252 patients from a regional referral centre who had undergone aCGH. Of the patients, 173 had CHD. A whole-genome custom-designed oligonucleotide array with >44,000 probes was used to detect copy number changes. RESULTS Of the 1252 patients, 335 (26.76%) had abnormal aCGH results. Of the 173 patients with CHD, 50 (28.9%) had abnormal aCGH results versus 284 (26.3%) of 1079 non-cardiac patients. There were six patients with CHD who had well-described syndromes such as Wolf-Hirschhorn, trisomy 13, DiGeorge, and Williams. Of the patients with CHD, those with left-sided heart disease had the highest proportion (14/31; 45.13%) of abnormal aCGH results, followed by those with conotruncal heart disease (10/29; 34.48%), endocardial cushion defects (13/50; 26%), complex/other heart disease (12/52; 23.08%), and patent ductus arteriosus (1/11; 9.09%). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CHD are at a substantial risk of having microdeletions and microduplications. The incidence of abnormalities on aCGH analysis is higher than identified with karyotype, and identification of copy number changes may help identify the genetic basis of the specific heart defects. However, aCGH may not have a significant diagnostic yield in those with isolated CHD. Further research using larger data sets may help identify candidate genes associated with CHD.
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Zhao CM, Peng LY, Li L, Liu XY, Wang J, Zhang XL, Yuan F, Li RG, Qiu XB, Yang YQ. PITX2 Loss-of-Function Mutation Contributes to Congenital Endocardial Cushion Defect and Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124409. [PMID: 25893250 PMCID: PMC4404345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD), the most common type of birth defect, is still the leading non-infectious cause of infant morbidity and mortality in humans. Aggregating evidence demonstrates that genetic defects are involved in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, CHD is genetically heterogeneous and the genetic components underpinning CHD in an overwhelming majority of patients remain unclear. In the present study, the coding exons and flanking introns of the PITX2 gene, which encodes a paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2essential for cardiovascular morphogenesis as well as maxillary facial development, was sequenced in 196 unrelated patients with CHD and subsequently in the mutation carrier's family members available. As a result, a novel heterozygous PITX2 mutation, p.Q102X for PITX2a, or p.Q148X for PITX2b, or p.Q155X for PITX2c, was identified in a family with endocardial cushion defect (ECD) and Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS). Genetic analysis of the pedigree showed that the nonsense mutation co-segregated with ECD and ARS transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern with complete penetrance. The mutation was absent in 800 control chromosomes from an ethnically matched population. Functional analysis by using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system revealed that the mutant PITX2 had no transcriptional activity and that the mutation eliminated synergistic transcriptional activation between PITX2 and NKX2.5, another transcription factor pivotal for cardiogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the association of PITX2 loss-of-function mutation with increased susceptibility to ECD and ARS. The findings provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning ECD and ARS, suggesting the potential implications for the antenatal prophylaxis and personalized treatment of CHD and ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Ying Peng
- Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo-Gu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Germline mutations in NKX2-5, GATA4, and CRELD1 are rare in a Mexican sample of Down syndrome patients with endocardial cushion and septal heart defects. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:802-8. [PMID: 25524324 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-1091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are found in ~50 % of Down syndrome (DS) patients. Genetic variants have been implicated, including CRELD1 mutations, but no previous study has examined the candidate genes, NKX2-5 and GATA4, in DS patients with secundum atrial defects (ASDII) and ventricular septal defects (VSD). Furthermore, CRELD1 mutations have not yet been studied in Mexican DS patients with atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD). Mexican DS patients (n = 148) with standard trisomy 21 were classified as follows: group I, normal heart; group II, VSD, ASDII, or both; and group III, AVSD. Mexican healthy controls (n = 113) were also included. Sequence analysis was performed on NKX2-5 and GATA4 in all three groups, and on CRELD1 in only group III. Statistical differences in the percentages of functional variants were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Three non-synonymous variants in NKX2-5 were identified in the heterozygous state: a novel p.Pro5Ser was found in one DS patient without CHD; the p.Glu21Gln was found in one ASDII patient; and the p.Arg25Cys (R25C) was found in three patients (one from each DS study group). The p.Glu21Gln and R25C were also documented in 0.88 % of the controls. No significant difference was observed between the DS groups and healthy controls. Germline mutations in the NKX2-5, GATA4, and CRELD1 genes do not appear to be associated with CHD in Mexican DS patients. Our findings also support the notion that the R25C variant of NKX2-5 is a polymorphism, as it was not significantly different between our DS patients and controls.
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Zhang XL, Dai N, Tang K, Chen YQ, Chen W, Wang J, Zhao CM, Yuan F, Qiu XB, Qu XK, Yang YQ, Xu YW. GATA5 loss-of-function mutation in familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:763-70. [PMID: 25543888 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the most common form of primary myocardial disease, is an important cause of sudden cardiac death and heart failure and is the leading indication for heart transplantation in children and adults worldwide. Recent studies have revealed a strong genetic basis for idiopathic DCM, with many distinct genes causally implicated. Nevertheless, DCM is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and the genetic determinants underlying DCM in a substantial proportion of patients remain unclear. In this study, the whole coding exons and flanking introns of the GATA binding protein 5 (GATA5) gene, which codes for a zinc-finger transcription factor essential for cardiovascular development and structural remodeling, were sequenced in 130 unrelated patients with idiopathic DCM. The available relatives of the index patient carrying an identified mutation and 200 unrelated ethnically matched healthy individuals used as the controls were genotyped for GATA5. The functional characteristics of the mutant GATA5 were analyzed in contrast to its wild-type counterpart by using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system. As a result, a novel heterozygous GATA5 mutation, p.G240D, was identified in a family with DCM inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which co-segregated with DCM in the family with complete penetrance. The missense mutation was absent in 400 reference chromosomes and the altered amino acid was completely conserved evolutionarily across species. Functional analyses revealed that the GATA5 mutant was associated with significantly diminished transcriptional activity. This study firstly links GATA5 mutation to DCM, which provides novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of DCM, suggesting a potential molecular target for the prenatal prophylaxis and allele-specific treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Neng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Chen
- Department of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Kai Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Mattapally S, Nizamuddin S, Murthy KS, Thangaraj K, Banerjee SK. c.620C>T mutation in GATA4 is associated with congenital heart disease in South India. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015; 16:7. [PMID: 25928801 PMCID: PMC4422155 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) usually refer to abnormalities in the structure and/or function of the heart that arise before birth. GATA4 plays an important role in embryonic heart development, hence the aim of this study was to find the association of GATA4 mutations with CHD among the south Indian CHD patients. METHOD GATA4 gene was sequenced in 100 CHD patients (ASD, VSD, TOF and SV) and 200 controls. Functional significance of the observed GATA4 mutations was analyzed using PolyPhen, SIFT, PMut, Plink, Haploview, ESE finder 3.0 and CONSITE. RESULTS We observed a total of 19 mutations, of which, one was in 5' UTR, 10 in intronic regions, 3 in coding regions and 5 in 3' UTR. Of the above mutations, one was associated with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), two were found to be associated with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and three (rs804280, rs4841587 and rs4841588) were strongly associated with Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD). Interestingly, one promoter mutation (-490 to 100 bp) i.e., 620 C>T (rs61277615, p-value = 0.008514), one splice junction mutation (G>A rs73203482; p-value = 9.6e-3, OR = 6.508) and one intronic mutation rs4841587 (p-value = 4.6e-3, OR = 4.758) were the most significant findings of this study. In silico analysis also proves that some of the mutations reported above are pathogenic. CONCLUSION The present study found that GATA4 genetic variations are associated with ASD, TOF and VSD in South Indian patients. In silico analysis provides further evidence that some of the observed mutations are pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidulu Mattapally
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
| | - Sheikh Nizamuddin
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
| | - Kona Samba Murthy
- Innova Children's Heart Hospital, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500017, India.
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India. .,Current Address: Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Gurgaon, HR-122016, Haryana, India.
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PAN YUN, GENG RUI, ZHOU NING, ZHENG GUIFEN, ZHAO HONG, WANG JUAN, ZHAO CUIMEI, QIU XINGBIAO, YANG YIQING, LIU XINGYUAN. TBX20 loss-of-function mutation contributes to double outlet right ventricle. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1058-66. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Campos CMR, Zanardo EA, Dutra RL, Kulikowski LD, Kim CA. Investigation of copy number variation in children with conotruncal heart defects. Arq Bras Cardiol 2014; 104:24-31. [PMID: 25387403 PMCID: PMC4387608 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most prevalent group of structural abnormalities at birth and one of the main causes of infant morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown a contribution of the copy number variation in the genesis of cardiac malformations. OBJECTIVES Investigate gene copy number variation (CNV) in children with conotruncal heart defect. METHODS Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed in 39 patients with conotruncal heart defect. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted in all patients. The parents of the probands who presented abnormal findings were also investigated. RESULTS Gene copy number variation was detected in 7/39 patients: 22q11.2 deletion, 22q11.2 duplication, 15q11.2 duplication, 20p12.2 duplication, 19p deletion, 15q and 8p23.2 duplication with 10p12.31 duplication. The clinical characteristics were consistent with those reported in the literature associated with the encountered microdeletion/microduplication. None of these changes was inherited from the parents. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the technique of MLPA is useful in the investigation of microdeletions and microduplications in conotruncal congenital heart defects. Early diagnosis of the copy number variation in patients with congenital heart defect assists in the prevention of morbidity and decreased mortality in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelin Aline Zanardo
- Laboratório de Citogenômica - LIM 03, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Lelis Dutra
- Laboratório de Citogenômica - LIM 03, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Chong Ae Kim
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Prendiville T, Jay PY, Pu WT. Insights into the genetic structure of congenital heart disease from human and murine studies on monogenic disorders. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014; 4:a013946. [PMID: 25274754 PMCID: PMC4200204 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a013946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Study of monogenic congenital heart disease (CHD) has provided entry points to gain new understanding of heart development and the molecular pathogenesis of CHD. In this review, we discuss monogenic CHD caused by mutations of the cardiac transcription factor genes NKX2-5 and GATA4. Detailed investigation of these genes in mice and humans has expanded our understanding of heart development, shedding light on the complex genetic and environmental factors that influence expression and penetrance of CHD gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Prendiville
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Patrick Y Jay
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Prevalence and spectrum of Nkx2.6 mutations in patients with congenital heart disease. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:579-86. [PMID: 25195019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common form of birth defect and is the most prevalent non-infectious cause of infant death. A growing body of evidence documents that genetic defects are involved in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, CHD is a genetically heterogeneous disease and the genetic basis underpinning CHD in an overwhelming majority of patients remain unclear. In this study, the coding exons and flanking introns of the Nkx2.6 gene, which codes for a homeodomain-containing transcription factor important for normal cardiovascular development, were sequenced in 320 unrelated patients with CHD, and two novel heterozygous Nkx2.6 mutations, p.V176M and p.K177X, were identified in two unrelated patients with CHD, respectively, including a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and a patient with double outlet of right ventricle and ventricular septal defect. The mutations were absent in 400 control chromosomes and the altered amino acids were completely conserved evolutionarily across species. Due to unknown transcriptional targets of Nkx2.6, the functional consequences of the identified mutations at transcriptional activity were evaluated by using Nkx2.5 as a surrogate. Alignment between human Nkx2.6 and Nkx2.5 proteins showed that V176M-mutant Nkx2.6 was equivalent to V182M-mutant Nkx2.5 and K177X-mutant Nkx2.6 was equal to K183X-mutant Nkx2.5, and introduction of V182M or K183X into Nkx2.5 significantly diminished its transcriptional activating function when compared with its wild-type counterpart. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the association of Nkx2.6 loss-of-function mutation with increased susceptibility to tetralogy of Fallot or double outlet of right ventricle and ventricular septal defect, providing novel insight into the molecular mechanism of CHD.
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Peng C, Zhu J, Sun HC, Huang XP, Zhao WA, Zheng M, Liu LJ, Tian J. Inhibition of histone H3K9 acetylation by anacardic acid can correct the over-expression of Gata4 in the hearts of fetal mice exposed to alcohol during pregnancy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104135. [PMID: 25101666 PMCID: PMC4125174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular malformations can be caused by abnormalities in Gata4 expression during fetal development. In a previous study, we demonstrated that ethanol exposure could lead to histone hyperacetylation and Gata4 over-expression in fetal mouse hearts. However, the potential mechanisms of histone hyperacetylation and Gata4 over-expression induced by ethanol remain unclear. Methods and Results Pregnant mice were gavaged with ethanol or saline. Fetal mouse hearts were collected for analysis. The results of ethanol fed groups showed that global HAT activity was unusually high in the hearts of fetal mice while global HDAC activity remained unchanged. Binding of P300, CBP, PCAF, SRC1, but not GCN5, were increased on the Gata4 promoter relative to the saline treated group. Increased acetylation of H3K9 and increased mRNA expression of Gata4, α-MHC, cTnT were observed in these hearts. Treatment with the pan-histone acetylase inhibitor, anacardic acid, reduced the binding of P300, PCAF to the Gata4 promoter and reversed H3K9 hyperacetylation in the presence of ethanol. Interestingly, anacardic acid attenuated over-expression of Gata4, α-MHC and cTnT in fetal mouse hearts exposed to ethanol. Conclusions Our results suggest that P300 and PCAF may be critical regulatory factors that mediate Gata4 over-expression induced by ethanol exposure. Alternatively, P300, PCAF and Gata4 may coordinate over-expression of cardiac downstream genes in mouse hearts exposed to ethanol. Anacardic acid may thus protect against ethanol-induced Gata4, α-MHC, cTnT over-expression by inhibiting the binding of P300 and PCAF to the promoter region of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Peng
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Chao Sun
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu-Pei Huang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charlie E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wei-An Zhao
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Juan Liu
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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Prevalence and spectrum of GATA4 mutations associated with sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy. Gene 2014; 548:174-81. [PMID: 25017055 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most frequent type of primary myocardial disorder responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality. DCM is the third most common cause of heart failure and the most common reason for heart transplantation. A recent study has implicated GATA4 mutation in the pathogenesis of familial DCM. However, the prevalence and spectrum of GATA4 mutations associated with sporadic DCM remain unclear. In this study, the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of the GATA4 gene, which encodes a cardiac transcription factor crucial for normal cardiogenesis, were sequenced in 220 unrelated patients with sporadic DCM. A total of 200 unrelated ethnically-matched healthy individuals used as controls were genotyped. The functional characteristics of the mutant GATA4 were assayed in contrast to its wild-type counterpart using a luciferase reporter assay system. As a result, 3 novel heterozygous GATA4 mutations, p.V39L, p.P226Q and p.T279S, were identified in 3 unrelated patients with sporadic DCM, with a mutational prevalence of approximately 1.36%. The missense mutations were absent in 400 control chromosomes and the altered amino acids were completely conserved evolutionarily across species. Functional analysis showed that the GATA4 mutants were consistently associated with significantly decreased transcriptional activity and markedly reduced the synergistic activation between GATA4 and NKX2-5. This study firstly links GATA4 mutations to increased susceptibility to sporadic DCM and provides novel insight into the molecular etiology underlying DCM, suggesting the potential implications for the early prophylaxis and allele-specific treatment of this common form of cardiomyopathy.
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Shi LM, Tao JW, Qiu XB, Wang J, Yuan F, Xu L, Liu H, Li RG, Xu YJ, Wang Q, Zheng HZ, Li X, Wang XZ, Zhang M, Qu XK, Yang YQ. GATA5 loss-of-function mutations associated with congenital bicuspid aortic valve. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1219-26. [PMID: 24638895 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common form of congenital cardiovascular defect in humans worldwide and is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality. Accumulating evidence has demonstated that genetic risk factors are involved in the pathogenesis of BAV. However, BAV is genetically heterogeneous and the genetic basis underlying BAV in a large number of patients remains unknown. In the present study, the coding regions and splice junction sites of the GATA5 gene, which codes for a zinc-finger transcription factor crucial for the normal development of the aortic valve, was sequenced initially in 110 unrelated patients with BAV. The available relatives of the mutation carriers and 200 unrelated healthy individuals used as controls were subsequently genotyped for GATA5. The functional effect of the mutations was characterized by using a luciferase reporter assay system. As a result, two novel heterozygous GATA5 mutations, p.Y16D and p.T252P, were identified in two families with autosomal dominant inheritance of BAV, respectively. The variations were absent in 400 control chromosomes and the altered amino acids were completely conserved evolutionarily. Functional assays revealed that the two GATA5 mutants were associated with significantly reduced transcriptional activity compared with their wild-type counterpart. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the association of GATA5 loss-of-function mutations with enhanced susceptibility to BAV, providing novel insight into the molecular mechanism involved in human BAV and suggesting a potential role for the early prophylaxis and personalized treatment of this common congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Mei Shi
- Department of Ultrasonics, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Wei Tao
- Department of Ultrasonics, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Ruo-Gu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhen Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Kai Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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Huang RT, Xue S, Xu YJ, Zhou M, Yang YQ. Somatic GATA5 mutations in sporadic tetralogy of Fallot. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1227-35. [PMID: 24573614 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that genetic defects play an important role in the pathogenesis of TOF. However, the molecular basis of TOF in the majority of patients remains to be determined. In the present study, sequence analysis of the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of GATA5, a gene encoding a zinc finger‑containing transcriptional factor crucial for cardiogenesis, was performed on genomic DNA isolated from resected cardiac tissue and matched blood samples of 85 unrelated patients who underwent surgical repair of TOF. Genotyping was performed on the cardiac tissue and matched blood samples from 63 unrelated patients who underwent cardiac valve replacement due to rheumatic heart disease as well as the blood samples obtained from 200 unrelated healthy individuals. The functional effect of the mutations was evaluated by using a luciferase reporter assay system. As a result, the novel heterozygous GATA5 mutations, p.D203E and p.Y208X, were found in the cardiac tissues of two TOF patients, respectively. There were no mutations in the cardiac tissues obtained from 63 patients with rheumatic heart disease nor in the blood samples obtained from the 348 subjects. Functional analysis revealed that the GATA5 mutants were consistently associated with significantly decreased transcriptional activity compared with their wild-type counterpart. Thus, results of this study showed an association of somatic GATA5 mutations with TOF, providing further insight into the underlying molecular mechanism of TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-Tai Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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Xiang R, Fan LL, Huang H, Cao BB, Li XP, Peng DQ, Xia K. A novel mutation of GATA4 (K319E) is responsible for familial atrial septal defect and pulmonary valve stenosis. Gene 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhao L, Xu JH, Xu WJ, Yu H, Wang Q, Zheng HZ, Jiang WF, Jiang JF, Yang YQ. A novel GATA4 loss-of-function mutation responsible for familial dilated cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:654-60. [PMID: 24366163 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common form of primary myocardial disorder and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Increasing evidence suggests that genetic risk factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic DCM. However, DCM is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and the genetic defects responsible for DCM in an overwhelming majority of cases remain to be identified. In the present study, the entire coding region and the splice junction sites of the GATA4 gene, which encodes a cardiac transcription factor essential for cardiogenesis, were sequenced in 150 unrelated patients with idiopathic DCM. The available relatives of the index patient harboring an identified mutation and 200 unrelated ethnically matched healthy individuals used as controls were genotyped. The functional characteristics of the mutant GATA4 were delineated in contrast to its wild-type counterpart using a luciferase reporter assay system. As a result, a novel heterozygous GATA4 mutation, p.V291L, was identified in a family with DCM inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which co-segregated with DCM in the family with complete penetrance. The missense mutation was absent in 400 control chromosomes, and the altered amino acid was completely conserved evolutionarily among species. Functional analysis revealed that the GATA4 mutant was associated with significantly diminished transcriptional activity. The findings expand the mutational spectrum of GATA4 linked to DCM and provide novel insight into the molecular etiology involved in DCM, suggesting the potential implications in the early prophylaxis and allele-specific treatment for this common type of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264001, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Hong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhen Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Fa Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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