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Ahmad I, Altameemi KKA, Hani MM, Ali AM, Shareef HK, Hassan ZF, Alubiady MHS, Al-Abdeen SHZ, Shakier HG, Redhee AH. Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03577-3. [PMID: 38922537 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Cold tumors lack antitumor immunity and are resistant to therapy, representing a major challenge in cancer medicine. Because of the immunosuppressive spirit of the tumor microenvironment (TME), this form of tumor has a low response to immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and also chemotherapy. Cold tumors have low infiltration of immune cells and a high expression of co-inhibitory molecules, such as immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive molecules. Therefore, targeting TME and remodeling immunity in cold tumors can improve the chance of tumor repression after therapy. However, tumor stroma prevents the infiltration of inflammatory cells and hinders the penetration of diverse molecules and drugs. Nanoparticles are an intriguing tool for the delivery of immune modulatory agents and shifting cold to hot tumors. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the ability of nanoparticles loaded with different drugs and products to modulate TME and enhance immune cell infiltration. We also focus on newest progresses in the design and development of nanoparticle-based strategies for changing cold to hot tumors. These include the use of nanoparticles for targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents, such as cytokines, small molecules, and checkpoint inhibitors, and for co-delivery of chemotherapy drugs and immunomodulatory agents. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of nanoparticles for enhancing the efficacy of cancer vaccines and cell therapy for overcoming resistance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohaned Mohammed Hani
- Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering Techniques, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Afaq Mahdi Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hasanain Khaleel Shareef
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Science, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Iraq
- Biology Department, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed Huseen Redhee
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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2
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Murata K, Harayama K, Shimoda M, Niimura M, Wakao M, Suda Y, Moroishi T, Shinchi H. Improvement of the Nuclease Resistance and Immunostimulatory Activity of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides by Conjugation to Sugar-Immobilized Gold Nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:804-815. [PMID: 38718344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are essential substances for vaccines and immunotherapies that enhance antigen-specific immune responses. Single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides containing an unmethylated CpG motif (CpG ODNs) are agonistic ligands for toll-like receptor 9 that initiate an innate immune response. They represent promising adjuvants for antiviral and antitumor immunotherapies; however, CpG ODNs have some limitations, such as poor nuclease resistance and low cell membrane permeability. Therefore, an effective formulation is needed to improve the nuclease resistance and immunostimulatory effects of CpG ODNs. Previously, we demonstrated the selective delivery of a small molecule toll-like receptor 7 ligand to immune cells through sugar-binding receptors using sugar-immobilized gold nanoparticles (SGNPs), which significantly enhanced the potency of the ligand. In this study, we examined SGNPs as carriers for partially phosphorothioated A-type CpG ODN (D35) and an entirely phosphorothioated B-type CpG ODN (K3) and evaluated the functionality of the sugar moiety on SGNPs immobilized with CpG ODN. SGNPs immobilized with D35 (D35-SGNPs) exhibited improved nuclease resistance and the in vitro and in vivo potency was significantly higher compared with that of unconjugated D35. Furthermore, the sugar structure on the GNPs was a significant factor in enhancing the cell internalization ability, and enhanced intracellular delivery of D35 resulted in improving the potencies of the A-type CpG ODN, D35. SGNPs immobilized with K3 (K3-SGNPs) exhibited significantly higher induction activities for both humoral and cellular immunity compared with unconjugated K3 and D35-SGNPs. On the other hand, sugar structure on K3-SGNPs did not affect the immunostimulatory effects. These results indicate that the sugar moiety on K3-SGNPs primarily functions as a hydrophilic dispersant for GNPs and the formulation of K3 to SGNPs contributes to improving the immunostimulatory activity of K3. Because our CpG ODN-SGNPs have superior induction activities for antigen-specific T-cell mediated immune responses, they may be effective adjuvants for vaccines and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Murata
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kai Harayama
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Mayuko Shimoda
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mayumi Niimura
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakao
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suda
- Collaborative Research Laboratory on Glyco-nanotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shinchi
- Department of Engineering, Chemistry and Biotechnology program, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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3
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Li F, Ouyang J, Chen Z, Zhou Z, Milon Essola J, Ali B, Wu X, Zhu M, Guo W, Liang XJ. Nanomedicine for T-Cell Mediated Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301770. [PMID: 36964936 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
T-cell immunotherapy offers outstanding advantages in the treatment of various diseases, and with the selection of appropriate targets, efficient disease treatment can be achieved. T-cell immunotherapy has made great progress, but clinical results show that only a small proportion of patients can benefit from T-cell immunotherapy. The extensive mechanistic work outlines a blueprint for using T cells as a new option for immunotherapy, but also presents new challenges, including the balance between different fractions of T cells, the inherent T-cell suppression patterns in the disease microenvironment, the acquired loss of targets, and the decline of T-cell viability. The diversity, flexibility, and intelligence of nanomedicines give them great potential for enhancing T-cell immunotherapy. Here, how T-cell immunotherapy strategies can be adapted with different nanomaterials to enhance therapeutic efficacy is discussed. For two different pathological states, immunosuppression and immune activation, recent advances in nanomedicines for T-cell immunotherapy in diseases such as cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, and diabetes are summarized. With a focus on T-cell immunotherapy, this review highlights the outstanding advantages of nanomedicines in disease treatment, and helps advance one's understanding of the use of nanotechnology to enhance T-cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Ouyang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
| | - Zuqin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ziran Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Julien Milon Essola
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Barkat Ali
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
- Food Sciences Research Institute, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xinyue Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mengliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Biomedical Engineering & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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4
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Ou BS, Baillet J, Picece VCT, Gale EC, Powell AE, Saouaf OM, Yan J, Nejatfard A, Lopez Hernandez H, Appel EA. Nanoparticle-Conjugated Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists Improve the Potency, Durability, and Breadth of COVID-19 Vaccines. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3214-3233. [PMID: 38215338 PMCID: PMC10832347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of effective vaccines for infectious diseases has been one of the most successful global health interventions in history. Though, while ideal subunit vaccines strongly rely on antigen and adjuvant(s) selection, the mode and time scale of exposure to the immune system has often been overlooked. Unfortunately, poor control over the delivery of many adjuvants, which play a key role in enhancing the quality and potency of immune responses, can limit their efficacy and cause off-target toxicities. There is a critical need for improved adjuvant delivery technologies to enhance their efficacy and boost vaccine performance. Nanoparticles have been shown to be ideal carriers for improving antigen delivery due to their shape and size, which mimic viral structures but have been generally less explored for adjuvant delivery. Here, we describe the design of self-assembled poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles decorated with CpG, a potent TLR9 agonist, to increase adjuvanticity in COVID-19 vaccines. By controlling the surface density of CpG, we show that intermediate valency is a key factor for TLR9 activation of immune cells. When delivered with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, CpG nanoparticle (CpG-NP) adjuvant greatly improves the magnitude and duration of antibody responses when compared to soluble CpG, and results in overall greater breadth of immunity against variants of concern. Moreover, encapsulation of CpG-NP into injectable polymeric-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogels enhances the spatiotemporal control over codelivery of CpG-NP adjuvant and spike protein antigen such that a single immunization of hydrogel-based vaccines generates humoral responses comparable to those of a typical prime-boost regimen of soluble vaccines. These delivery technologies can potentially reduce the costs and burden of clinical vaccination, both of which are key elements in fighting a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S. Ou
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Julie Baillet
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Vittoria C. T.
M. Picece
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Emily C. Gale
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Abigail E. Powell
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Olivia M. Saouaf
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Anahita Nejatfard
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hector Lopez Hernandez
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric A. Appel
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Pediatrics - Endocrinology, Stanford
University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Woods
Institute for the Environment, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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5
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Davis MA, Cho E, Teplensky MH. Harnessing biomaterial architecture to drive anticancer innate immunity. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10982-11005. [PMID: 37955201 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01677c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunomodulation is a powerful therapeutic approach that harnesses the body's own immune system and reprograms it to treat diseases, such as cancer. Innate immunity is key in mobilizing the rest of the immune system to respond to disease and is thus an attractive target for immunomodulation. Biomaterials have widely been employed as vehicles to deliver immunomodulatory therapeutic cargo to immune cells and raise robust antitumor immunity. However, it is key to consider the design of biomaterial chemical and physical structure, as it has direct impacts on innate immune activation and antigen presentation to stimulate downstream adaptive immunity. Herein, we highlight the widespread importance of structure-driven biomaterial design for the delivery of immunomodulatory cargo to innate immune cells. The incorporation of precise structural elements can be harnessed to improve delivery kinetics, uptake, and the targeting of biomaterials into innate immune cells, and enhance immune activation against cancer through temporal and spatial processing of cargo to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Structural design of immunomodulatory biomaterials will profoundly improve the efficacy of current cancer immunotherapies by maximizing the impact of the innate immune system and thus has far-reaching translational potential against other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA.
| | - Ezra Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA.
| | - Michelle H Teplensky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
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6
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Kumar PPP, Lim DK. Photothermal Effect of Gold Nanoparticles as a Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2349. [PMID: 37765317 PMCID: PMC10534847 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have received great attention for various medical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. AuNPs with tunable optical properties in the visible and near-infrared regions have been utilized in a variety of applications such as in vitro diagnostics, in vivo imaging, and therapeutics. Among the applications, this review will pay more attention to recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic applications based on the photothermal (PT) effect of AuNPs. In particular, the PT effect of AuNPs has played an important role in medical applications utilizing light, such as photoacoustic imaging, photon polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and hyperthermia therapy. First, we discuss the fundamentals of the optical properties in detail to understand the background of the PT effect of AuNPs. For diagnostic applications, the ability of AuNPs to efficiently convert absorbed light energy into heat to generate enhanced acoustic waves can lead to significant enhancements in photoacoustic signal intensity. Integration of the PT effect of AuNPs with PCR may open new opportunities for technological innovation called photonic PCR, where light is used to enable fast and accurate temperature cycling for DNA amplification. Additionally, beyond the existing thermotherapy of AuNPs, the PT effect of AuNPs can be further applied to cancer immunotherapy. Controlled PT damage to cancer cells triggers an immune response, which is useful for obtaining better outcomes in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors or vaccines. Therefore, this review examines applications to nanomedicine based on the PT effect among the unique optical properties of AuNPs, understands the basic principles, the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, and understands the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Based on this, it is expected that it will help understand the current status and development direction of new nanoparticle-based disease diagnosis methods and treatment methods, and we hope that it will inspire the development of new innovative technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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7
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Shen F, Fang Y, Wu Y, Zhou M, Shen J, Fan X. Metal ions and nanometallic materials in antitumor immunity: Function, application, and perspective. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:20. [PMID: 36658649 PMCID: PMC9850565 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The slightest change in the extra/intracellular concentration of metal ions results in amplified effects by signaling cascades that regulate both cell fate within the tumor microenvironment and immune status, which influences the network of antitumor immunity through various pathways. Based on the fact that metal ions influence the fate of cancer cells and participate in both innate and adaptive immunity, they are widely applied in antitumor therapy as immune modulators. Moreover, nanomedicine possesses the advantage of precise delivery and responsive release, which can perfectly remedy the drawbacks of metal ions, such as low target selectivity and systematic toxicity, thus providing an ideal platform for metal ion application in cancer treatment. Emerging evidence has shown that immunotherapy applied with nanometallic materials may significantly enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here, we focus on the physiopathology of metal ions in tumorigenesis and discuss several breakthroughs regarding the use of nanometallic materials in antitumor immunotherapeutics. These findings demonstrate the prominence of metal ion-based nanomedicine in cancer therapy and prophylaxis, providing many new ideas for basic immunity research and clinical application. Consequently, we provide innovative insights into the comprehensive understanding of the application of metal ions combined with nanomedicine in cancer immunotherapy in the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Shen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yan Fang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yijia Wu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Min Zhou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
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8
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Bhoge PR, Mardhekar S, Toraskar S, Subramani B, Kikkeri R. Pairing Nanoparticles Geometry with TLR Agonists to Modulate Immune Responses for Vaccine Development. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5675-5681. [PMID: 36375049 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based vaccine development necessitates understanding the crucial biophysical properties of nanostructures that alter immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate the synergistic effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) shapes with toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in immune modulation activity. Our results showed that CpG- and imidazoquinoline-conjugated rod-shaped AuNPs display relatively fast uptake by bone marrow-derived macrophage cells but exhibit poor immunogenic responses compared to their spherical and star-shaped AuNP counterparts. Surprisingly, star-shaped AuNPs exhibited intense pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Further mechanistic studies showed that star-shaped AuNPs were abundantly localized in the late endosome and lysosomal regions, whereas rod-shaped AuNPs were majorly sequestered in the mitochondrial region. These findings reveal that the shape of the nanostructures plays a pivotal role in driving the adjuvant molecules toward their receptors and altering immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Ravindra Bhoge
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Sandhya Mardhekar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Suraj Toraskar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Balamurugan Subramani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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9
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Koyande NP, Srivastava R, Padmakumar A, Rengan AK. Advances in Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunoprevention and Immunotherapy: A Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1727. [PMID: 36298592 PMCID: PMC9610880 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most effective cancer therapies, cancer immunotherapy has produced outstanding outcomes in the field of cancer treatment. However, the cost is excessive, which limits its applicability. A smart way to address this issue would be to apply the knowledge gained through immunotherapy to develop strategies for the immunoprevention of cancer. The use of cancer vaccines is one of the most popular methods of immunoprevention. This paper reviews the technologies and processes that support the advantages of cancer immunoprevention over traditional cancer immunotherapies. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems and nanoparticle-based nano-vaccines have been employed in the past for cancer immunotherapy. This paper outlines numerous immunoprevention strategies and how nanotechnology can be applied in immunoprevention. To comprehend the non-clinical and clinical evaluation of these cancer vaccines through clinical studies is essential for acceptance of the vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, India
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10
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Image-guided in situ cancer vaccination with combination of multi-functional nano-adjuvant and an irreversible electroporation technique. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Noubissi Nzeteu GA, Gibbs BF, Kotnik N, Troja A, Bockhorn M, Meyer NH. Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:948898. [PMID: 36106025 PMCID: PMC9465485 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.948898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a complex and unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to the physical barrier formed by the desmoplastic stroma, the delivery of drugs to the tumor tissue is limited. The TME also contributes to resistance to various immunotherapies such as cancer vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Overcoming and/or modulating the TME is therefore one of the greatest challenges in developing new therapeutic strategies for PC. Nanoparticles have been successfully used as drug carriers and delivery systems in cancer therapy. Recent experimental and engineering developments in nanotechnology have resulted in increased drug delivery and improved immunotherapy for PC. In this review we discuss and analyze the current nanoparticle-based immunotherapy approaches that are at the verge of clinical application. Particularly, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems that improve the effectiveness of PC immunotherapy. We also highlight current clinical research that will help to develop new therapeutic strategies for PC and especially targeted immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
| | - Bernhard F. Gibbs
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nika Kotnik
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Achim Troja
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bockhorn
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - N. Helge Meyer
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
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12
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The Biocomplex Assembled from Antigen Peptide and Toll-like Receptor Agonist Improved the Immunity against Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma In Vivo. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2965496. [PMID: 36059807 PMCID: PMC9436581 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2965496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose One of the biggest challenges in cancer immunotherapy is generating robust cancer-specific immunity. This work describes using a biocomplex assembled from a toll-like receptor agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 (CpG) and a pancreatic cancer antigen peptide mesothelin for tuning pancreatic tumor immunity. Methods This biocomplex was assembled via electrostatic interactions and characterized in size, morphology, zeta potential, and cargo loading. The effect of biocomplex on cell viability and activation of DCs and macrophages were measured by flow cytometry. The production of cytokines (GM-CSF, TNF, and IL-6) was evaluated by using ELISA kits. The effect of biocomplex on tumor cell proliferation was also evaluated by in vivo tumor model. Result We can modulate the surface charge of the biocomplex by simply varying the ratios of the two components. In cell models, this biocomplex did not impact cell viability in the antigen-presenting cell (i.e., dendritic cell and macrophage)-directed immunity. Moreover, this biocomplex regulated the secretion of tumor-related cytokines (i.e., GM-CSF, TNF, and IL-6) and promoted the activation of immune cell surface markers (i.e., CD80+, CD86+, and CD40+). In the mouse model, the biocomplex inhibited the tumor burden effectively and promoted the production of effector cytokines. Conclusion The present studies showed that the biocomplex with antigen peptide and toll-like receptor agonist was able to potentiate the antitumor immunity in vivo. This study will help understanding of immunity in pancreatic cancer and developing new immune therapeutic strategies for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Enhanced systemic antilymphoma immune response by photothermal therapy with CpG deoxynucleotide coated nanoparticles. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4581-4592. [PMID: 35687489 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated a novel mechanism of in situ vaccination in a lymphoma model. Radiation (RT) can induce abscopal responses in pre-clinical lymphoma models but has not translated to clinical efficacy. We hypothesized that immune stimulation with CpG deoxynucleotides could enhance abscopal effects induced by radiation or by photothermal therapy (PTT), which has been shown to have an immune stimulatory effect in solid tumors but has not been studied in lymphoma. Here, we designed a branched gold nanoparticle (BNP) platform to carry CpGs while maintaining PTT function and compared the immunologic profile of the tumor microenvironment after PTT or RT in a dual flank lymphoma model. One flank was treated with CpG with RT or CpG with PTT and the other tumor was left untreated. We found that the CpG/PTT groups had significant reduction in growth in both treated (primary) and untreated (secondary) tumors suggesting an improved abscopal response, with a concomitant increase in CD8/CD4 ratio and cytotoxic T cell/regulatory T cell ratio in both the primary and secondary tumor compared with CpG/RT. Dendritic cells in the primary and secondary draining lymph nodes had increased maturation markers in the CpG/PTT group, and the effector memory T cells (both CD4 and CD8) in the secondary tumor and the spleen were increased, suggesting a systemic vaccination effect. These data suggest that in a lymphoma model, PTT using a CpG nanoparticle platform resulted in enhanced in situ vaccination and abscopal response compared with RT.
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15
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Rezaei M, Danilova ND, Soltani M, Savvateeva LV, V Tarasov V, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, V Bazhinf A, A Zamyatnin A. Cancer Vaccine in Cold Tumors: Clinical Landscape, Challenges, and Opportunities. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:437-453. [PMID: 35156572 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220214103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The idea of cancer immunotherapy is to stimulate the immune system to fight tumors without destroying normal cells. One of the anticancer therapy methods, among many, is based on the use of cancer vaccines that contain tumor antigens in order to induce immune responses against tumors. However, clinical trials have shown that the use of such vaccines as a monotherapy is ineffective in many cases, since they do not cause a strong immune response. Particular tumors are resistant to immunotherapy due to the absence or insufficient infiltration of tumors with CD8+ T cells, and hence, they are called cold or non-inflamed tumors. Cold tumors are characterized by a lack of CD8+ T cell infiltration, the presence of anti-inflammatory myeloid cells, tumor-associated M2 macrophages, and regulatory T cells. It is very important to understand which stage of the antitumor response does not work properly in order to use the right strategy for the treatment of patients. Applying other therapeutic methods alongside cancer vaccines can be more rational for cold tumors which do not provoke the immune system strongly. Herein, we indicate some combinational therapies that have been used or are in progress for cold tumor treatment alongside vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mozhdeh Soltani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alexandr V Bazhinf
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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16
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Volovat SR, Ursulescu CL, Moisii LG, Volovat C, Boboc D, Scripcariu D, Amurariti F, Stefanescu C, Stolniceanu CR, Agop M, Lungulescu C, Volovat CC. The Landscape of Nanovectors for Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:397. [PMID: 35214129 PMCID: PMC8875018 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy represents a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, which functions via the reprogramming and activation of antitumor immunity. However, adverse events resulting from immunotherapy that are related to the low specificity of tumor cell-targeting represent a limitation of immunotherapy's efficacy. The potential of nanotechnologies is represented by the possibilities of immunotherapeutical agents being carried by nanoparticles with various material types, shapes, sizes, coated ligands, associated loading methods, hydrophilicities, elasticities, and biocompatibilities. In this review, the principal types of nanovectors (nanopharmaceutics and bioinspired nanoparticles) are summarized along with the shortcomings in nanoparticle delivery and the main factors that modulate efficacy (the EPR effect, protein coronas, and microbiota). The mechanisms by which nanovectors can target cancer cells, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and the peripheral immune system are also presented. A possible mathematical model for the cellular communication mechanisms related to exosomes as nanocarriers is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (S.-R.V.); (D.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Corina Lupascu Ursulescu
- Department of Radiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (C.L.U.); (L.G.M.); (C.C.V.)
| | - Liliana Gheorghe Moisii
- Department of Radiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (C.L.U.); (L.G.M.); (C.C.V.)
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (S.-R.V.); (D.B.); (F.A.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Euroclinic” Center of Oncology, 2 Vasile Conta Str., 700106 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Diana Boboc
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (S.-R.V.); (D.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Dragos Scripcariu
- Department of Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Florin Amurariti
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (S.-R.V.); (D.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (C.S.); (C.R.S.)
| | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (C.S.); (C.R.S.)
| | - Maricel Agop
- Physics Department, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Rd., No. 59A, 700050 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Cristian Lungulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Cristian Constantin Volovat
- Department of Radiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Str., 700115 Iaşi, Romania; (C.L.U.); (L.G.M.); (C.C.V.)
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Subhan MA, Muzibur Rahman M. Recent Development in Metallic Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100331. [PMID: 35146897 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metal-based nanoparticles are very promising for their applications in cancer diagnosis, drug delivery and therapy. Breast cancer is the major reason of death in woman especially in developed countries including EU and USA. Due to the heterogeneity of cancer cells, nanoparticles are effective as therapeutics and diagnostics. Anti-cancer therapy of breast tumors is challenging because of highly metastatic progression of the disease to brain, bone, lung, and liver. Magnetic nanoparticles are crucial for metastatic breast cancer detection and protection. This review comprehensively discusses the application of nanomaterials as breast cancer therapy, therapeutics, and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shah Jalal University of Science and Technology, 3114, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Muzibur Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Tang L, Zhang A, Zhang Z, Zhao Q, Li J, Mei Y, Yin Y, Wang W. Multifunctional inorganic nanomaterials for cancer photoimmunotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:141-163. [PMID: 35001556 PMCID: PMC8822595 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototherapy and immunotherapy in combination is regarded as the ideal therapeutic modality to treat both primary and metastatic tumors. Immunotherapy uses different immunological approaches to stimulate the immune system to identify tumor cells for targeted elimination. Phototherapy destroys the primary tumors by light irradiation, which induces a series of immune responses through triggering immunogenic cancer cell death. Therefore, when integrating immunotherapy with phototherapy, a novel anti-cancer strategy called photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is emerging. This synergistic treatment modality can not only enhance the effectiveness of both therapies but also overcome their inherent limitations, opening a new era for the current anti-cancer therapy. Recently, the advancement of nanomaterials affords a platform for PIT. From all these nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials stand out as ideal mediators in PIT due to their unique physiochemical properties. Inorganic nanomaterials can not only serve as carriers to transport immunomodulatory agents in immunotherapy owing to their excellent drug-loading capacity but also function as photothermal agents or photosensitizers in phototherapy because of their great optical characteristics. In this review, the recent advances of multifunctional inorganic nanomaterial-mediated drug delivery and their contributions to cancer PIT will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Aining Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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19
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Li K, Zhang Z, Mei Y, Li M, Yang Q, WU Q, Yang H, HE LIANGCAN, Liu S. Targeting innate immune system by nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1709-1733. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02818a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various cancer therapies have advanced remarkably over the past decade. Unlike the direct therapeutic targeting of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is a new strategy that boosts the host's immune system...
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20
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Bender EC, Kraynak CA, Huang W, Suggs LJ. Cell-Inspired Biomaterials for Modulating Inflammation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:279-294. [PMID: 33528306 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial part of wound healing and pathogen clearance. However, it can also play a role in exacerbating chronic diseases and cancer progression when not regulated properly. A subset of current innate immune engineering research is focused on how molecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids native to a healthy inflammatory response can be harnessed in the context of biomaterial design to promote healing, decrease disease severity, and prolong survival. The engineered biomaterials in this review inhibit inflammation by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, sequestering proinflammatory cytokines, and promoting phenotype switching of macrophages in chronic inflammatory disease models. Conversely, other biomaterials discussed here promote inflammation by mimicking pathogen invasion to inhibit tumor growth in cancer models. The form that these biomaterials take spans a spectrum from nanoparticles to large-scale hydrogels to surface coatings on medical devices. Cell-inspired molecules have been incorporated in a variety of creative ways, including loaded into or onto the surface of biomaterials or used as the biomaterials themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Bender
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Chelsea A Kraynak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Wenbai Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Laura J Suggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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21
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Chauhan A, Khan T, Omri A. Design and Encapsulation of Immunomodulators onto Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8037. [PMID: 34360803 PMCID: PMC8347387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of cancer immunotherapy is to reactivate autoimmune responses to combat cancer cells. To stimulate the immune system, immunomodulators, such as adjuvants, cytokines, vaccines, and checkpoint inhibitors, are extensively designed and studied. Immunomodulators have several drawbacks, such as drug instability, limited half-life, rapid drug clearance, and uncontrolled immune responses when used directly in cancer immunotherapy. Several strategies have been used to overcome these limitations. A simple and effective approach is the loading of immunomodulators onto gold-based nanoparticles (GNPs). As gold is highly biocompatible, GNPs can be administered intravenously, which aids in increasing cancer cell permeability and retention time. Various gold nanoplatforms, including nanospheres, nanoshells, nanorods, nanocages, and nanostars have been effectively used in cancer immunotherapy. Gold nanostars (GNS) are one of the most promising GNP platforms because of their unusual star-shaped geometry, which significantly increases light absorption and provides high photon-to-heat conversion efficiency due to the plasmonic effect. As a result, GNPs are a useful vehicle for delivering antigens and adjuvants that support the immune system in killing tumor cells by facilitating or activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This review represents recent progress in encapsulating immunomodulators into GNPs for utility in a cancer immunotherapeutic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshita Chauhan
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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22
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Froimchuk E, Oakes RS, Kapnick SM, Yanes AA, Jewell CM. Biophysical Properties of Self-Assembled Immune Signals Impact Signal Processing and the Nature of Regulatory Immune Function. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3762-3771. [PMID: 33881872 PMCID: PMC8119350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c05118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Outcomes during immunotherapy are impacted not only by the specific therapeutic signals and pharmacodynamics, but also by the biophysical forms in which signals are delivered. This integration is determinative in autoimmunity because the disease is caused by immune dysregulation and inflammation. Unfortunately, the links between nanomaterial design, biophysical properties, and immune regulation are poorly defined. Here we designed cationic peptide antigens with defined charge distributions and then used electrostatics to assemble these peptides into complexes with anionic regulatory cues. We first show complexes induce antigen-specific tolerance during myelin-driven autoimmunity. We next show the affinity between these immune cues is controlled by charge balance and that affinity confers distinct biophysical properties important in immunological processing, including antigen availability. The underlying binding affinities between the self-assembled signals influences inflammatory gene expression in dendritic cells and antigen-specific regulatory outcomes in self-reactive transgenic T cells. This granular understanding of nanomaterial-immune interactions contributes to a more rational immunotherapy design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Froimchuk
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Robert S. Oakes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21202
| | - Senta M. Kapnick
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Alexis A. Yanes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21202
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, 20742
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201
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23
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Volovat SR, Negru S, Stolniceanu CR, Volovat C, Lungulescu C, Scripcariu D, Cobzeanu BM, Stefanescu C, Grigorescu C, Augustin I, Lupascu Ursulescu C, Volovat CC. Nanomedicine to modulate immunotherapy in cutaneous melanoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:535. [PMID: 33815608 PMCID: PMC8014970 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has shifted the paradigm in cancer treatment in recent years. Immune checkpoint blockage (ICB), the active cancer vaccination and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for T-cell-based adoptive cell transfer represent the main developments, achieving a surprising increased survival in patients included in clinical trials. In spite of these results, the current state-of-the-art immunotherapy has its limitations in efficacy. The existence of an interdisciplinary interface involving current knowledge in biology, immunology, bioengineering and materials science represents important progress in increasing the effectiveness of immunotherapy in cancer. Cutaneous melanoma remains a difficult cancer to treat, in which immunotherapy is a major therapeutic option. In fact, enhancing immunotherapy is possible using sophisticated biomedical nanotechnology platforms of organic or inorganic materials or engineering various immune cells to enhance the immune system. In addition, biological devices have developed, changing the approach to and treatment results in melanoma. In this review, we present different modalities to modulate the immune system, as well as opportunities and challenges in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medicine III-Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Serban Negru
- Department of Medical Oncology, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medicine III-Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Department of Medical Oncology, 'Euroclinic' Center of Oncology, 70010 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Lungulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dragos Scripcariu
- Department of Surgery, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Mihail Cobzeanu
- Department of Surgery, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Grigorescu
- Department of Surgery, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iolanda Augustin
- Department of Medical Oncology, 'Euroclinic' Center of Oncology, 70010 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corina Lupascu Ursulescu
- Department of Radiology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Constantin Volovat
- Department of Radiology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.,Department of Radiology, 'Sf. Spiridon' Emergency Clinic Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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24
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Zhu M, Wang S. Functional Nucleic‐Acid‐Decorated Spherical Nanoparticles: Preparation Strategies and Current Applications in Cancer Therapy. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University No. 932 South Lushan Rd Changsha Hunan 410083 P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University No. 932 South Lushan Rd Changsha Hunan 410083 P. R. China
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Cancer Immunotherapy and Application of Nanoparticles in Cancers Immunotherapy as the Delivery of Immunotherapeutic Agents and as the Immunomodulators. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123773. [PMID: 33333816 PMCID: PMC7765190 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer becomes one of the major public health problems globally and the burden is expected to be increasing. Currently, both the medical and research communities have attempted an approach to nonconventional cancer therapies that can limit damage or loss of healthy tissues and be able to fully eradicate the cancer cells. In the last few decades, cancer immunotherapy becomes an important tactic for cancer treatment. Immunotherapy of cancer must activate the host’s anti-tumor response by enhancing the innate immune system and the effector cell number, while, minimizing the host’s suppressor mechanisms. However, many immunotherapies are still limited by poor therapeutic targeting and unwanted side effects. Hence, a deeper understanding of tumor immunology and antitumor immune responses is essential for further improvement of cancer immunotherapy. In addition, effective delivery systems are required to deliver immunotherapeutic agents to the site of interest (such as: to Tumor microenvironments, to Antigen-Presenting Cells, and to the other immune systems) to enhance their efficacy by minimizing off-targeted and unwanted cytotoxicity. Abstract In the last few decades, cancer immunotherapy becomes an important tactic for cancer treatment. However, some immunotherapy shows certain limitations including poor therapeutic targeting and unwanted side effects that hinder its use in clinics. Recently, several researchers are exploring an alternative methodology to overcome the above limitations. One of the emerging tracks in this field area is nano-immunotherapy which has gone through rapid progress and revealed considerable potentials to solve limitations related to immunotherapy. Targeted and stimuli-sensitive biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) can be synthesized to deliver immunotherapeutic agents in their native conformations to the site of interest to enhance their antitumor activity and to enhance the survival rate of cancer patients. In this review, we have discussed cancer immunotherapy and the application of NPs in cancer immunotherapy, as a carrier of immunotherapeutic agents and as a direct immunomodulator.
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Froimchuk E, Carey ST, Edwards C, Jewell CM. Self-Assembly as a Molecular Strategy to Improve Immunotherapy. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2534-2545. [PMID: 33074649 PMCID: PMC7896133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapies harness an individual's immune system to battle diseases such as cancer and autoimmunity. During cancer, the immune system often fails to detect and destroy cancerous cells, whereas during autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakenly attacks self-tissue. Immunotherapies can help guide more effective responses in these settings, as evidenced by recent advances with monoclonal antibodies and adoptive cell therapies. However, despite the transformative gains of immunotherapies for patients, many therapies are not curative, work only for a small subset of patients, and lack specificity in distinguishing between healthy and diseased cells, which can cause severe side effects. From this perspective, self-assembled biomaterials are promising technologies that could help address some of the limitations facing immunotherapies. For example, self-assembly allows precision control over the combination and relative concentration of immune cues and directed cargo display densities. These capabilities support selectivity and potency that could decrease off-target effects and enable modular or personalized immunotherapies. The underlying forces driving self-assembly of most systems in aqueous solution result from hydrophobic interactions or charge polarity. In this Account, we highlight how these forces are being used to self-assemble immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune disease.Hydrophobic interactions can create a range of intricate structures, including peptide nanofibers, nanogels, micelle-like particles, and in vivo assemblies with protein carriers. Certain nanofibers with hydrophobic domains uniquely benefit from the ability to elicit immune responses without additional stimulatory signals. This feature can reduce nonspecific inflammation but may also limit the nanofiber's application because of their inherent stimulatory properties. Micelle-like particles have been developed with the ability to incorporate a range of tumor-specific antigens for immunotherapies in mouse models of cancer. Key observations have revealed that both the total dose of antigen and display density of antigen per particle can impact immune response and efficacy of immunotherapies. These developments are promising benchmarks that could reveal design principles for engineering more specific and personalized immunotherapies.There has also been extensive work to develop platforms using electrostatic interactions to drive assembly of oppositely charged immune signals. These strategies benefit from the ability to tune biophysical interactions between components by altering the ratio of cationic to anionic charge during formulation, or the density of charge. Using a layer-by-layer assembly method, our lab developed hollow capsules composed entirely of immune signals for therapies in cancer and autoimmune disease models. This platform allowed for 100% of the immunotherapy to be composed of immune signals and completely prevents the onset of disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Layer-by-layer assembly has also been used to coat microneedle patches to target signals to immune cells in the dermal layer. As an alternative to layer-by-layer assembly, one step assembly can be achieved by mixing cationic and anionic components in solution. Additional approaches have created molecular structures that leverage hydrogen bonding for self-assembly. The creativity of engineered self-assembly has led to key insights that could benefit future immunotherapies and revealed aspects that require further study. The challenge now remains to utilize these insights to push development of new immunotherapeutics into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Froimchuk
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Sean T. Carey
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Camilla Edwards
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21202
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, 20742
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201
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Hager S, Fittler FJ, Wagner E, Bros M. Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches for Tumor Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:E2061. [PMID: 32917034 PMCID: PMC7564019 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the last decade, the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors proposed to boost the patients' anti-tumor immune response has proven the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches for tumor therapy. Furthermore, especially in the context of the development of biocompatible, cell type targeting nano-carriers, nucleic acid-based drugs aimed to initiate and to enhance anti-tumor responses have come of age. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the therapeutic use of nucleic acids for cancer treatment on various levels, comprising (i) mRNA and DNA-based vaccines to be expressed by antigen presenting cells evoking sustained anti-tumor T cell responses, (ii) molecular adjuvants, (iii) strategies to inhibit/reprogram tumor-induced regulatory immune cells e.g., by RNA interference (RNAi), (iv) genetically tailored T cells and natural killer cells to directly recognize tumor antigens, and (v) killing of tumor cells, and reprograming of constituents of the tumor microenvironment by gene transfer and RNAi. Aside from further improvements of individual nucleic acid-based drugs, the major perspective for successful cancer therapy will be combination treatments employing conventional regimens as well as immunotherapeutics like checkpoint inhibitors and nucleic acid-based drugs, each acting on several levels to adequately counter-act tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hager
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
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González-Ballesteros N, Diego-González L, Lastra-Valdor M, Rodríguez-Argüelles MC, Grimaldi M, Cavazza A, Bigi F, Simón-Vázquez R. Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:4677-4691. [PMID: 31364682 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00215d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. This study suggested that the polysaccharide fraction of the extract is involved in the formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles. The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. In addition, ROS production, complement activation and cytokine release were evaluated to determine the immunogenicity. The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. The samples induced ROS release and complement activation, two key mechanisms in innate immunity. The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N González-Ballesteros
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain.
| | - L Diego-González
- Inmunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS-GS), Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
| | - M Lastra-Valdor
- Estación de Ciencias Marinas de Toralla (ECIMAT), Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
| | - M C Rodríguez-Argüelles
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain.
| | - M Grimaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale (SCVSA), Università di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - A Cavazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale (SCVSA), Università di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - F Bigi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale (SCVSA), Università di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy and IMEM-CNR Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - R Simón-Vázquez
- Inmunología. Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS-GS), Universidade de Vigo, 36210 Vigo, Spain
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Zhang J, Ma R, Blanchard A, Petree J, Jo H, Salaita K. Conditional Deoxyribozyme-Nanoparticle Conjugates for miRNA-Triggered Gene Regulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37851-37861. [PMID: 32803952 PMCID: PMC8287654 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA-nanoparticle (NP) conjugates have been used to knockdown gene expression transiently and effectively, making them desirable tools for gene regulation therapy. Because DNA-NPs are constitutively active and are rapidly taken up by most cell types, they offer limited control in terms of tissue or cell type specificity. To take a step toward solving this issue, we incorporate toehold-mediated strand exchange, a versatile molecular programming modality, to switch the DNA-NPs from an inactive state to an active state in the presence of a specific RNA input. Because many transcripts are unique to cell subtype or disease state, this approach could one day lead to responsive nucleic acid therapeutics with enhanced specificity. As a proof of concept, we designed conditional deoxyribozyme-nanoparticles (conditional DzNPs) that knockdown tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) mRNA upon miR-33 triggering. We demonstrate toehold-mediated strand exchange and restoration of TNFα DNAzyme activity in the presence of miR-33 trigger, with optimization of the preparation, configuration, and toehold length of conditional DzNPs. Our results indicate specific and strong ON/OFF response of conditional DzNPs to the miR-33 trigger in buffer. Furthermore, we demonstrate endogenous miR-33-triggered knockdown of TNFα mRNA in mouse macrophages, implying the potential of conditional gene regulation applications using these DzNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aaron Blanchard
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Petree
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lin AY, Rink JS, Karmali R, Xu J, Kocherginsky M, Thaxton CS, Gordon LI. Tri-ethylene glycol modified class B and class C CpG conjugated gold nanoparticles for the treatment of lymphoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 30:102290. [PMID: 32798731 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpGs) can induce an anti-tumor immune response, but also uniquely cause direct lymphoma cytotoxicity. To improve the delivery and efficacy of CpGs, we utilized a tri-ethylene modified CpG conjugated gold nanoparticle (tmCpG NP) platform that is compatible with both class B and class C CpGs, to treat various types of lymphoma, including diffuse large B cell lymphoma, high-grade lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. Both classes of tmCpG NPs reduced viability of human and murine lymphoma cells via apoptosis compared with free CpGs, while having no toxic effects on dendritic cells. TmCpG NPs increased CD19, CD20, and OX40 expression on the lymphoma cells. Overall, we introduced a stable tmCpG NP design that has significant anti-lymphoma effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Yuh Lin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jonathan Scott Rink
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Reem Karmali
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Colby Shad Thaxton
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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31
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Kim K, Khang D. Past, Present, and Future of Anticancer Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:5719-5743. [PMID: 32821098 PMCID: PMC7418170 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s254774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the methods that have been used till today, highlight methods that are currently being developed, and predict the future roadmap for anticancer therapy. In the beginning of this review, established approaches for anticancer therapy, such as conventional chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, monoclonal antibodies, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are summarized. To counteract the side effects of conventional chemotherapy and to increase limited anticancer efficacy, nanodrug- and stem cell-based therapies have been introduced. However, current level of understanding and strategies of nanodrug and stem cell-based therapies have limitations that make them inadequate for clinical application. Subsequently, this manuscript reviews methods with fewer side effects compared to those of the methods mentioned above which are currently being investigated and are already being applied in the clinic. The newer strategies that are already being clinically applied include cancer immunotherapy, especially T cell-mediated therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and strategies that are gaining attention include the manipulation of the tumor microenvironment or the activation of dendritic cells. Tumor-associated macrophage repolarization is another potential strategy for cancer immunotherapy, a method which activates macrophages to immunologically attack malignant cells. At the end of this review, we discuss combination therapies, which are the future of cancer treatment. Nanoparticle-based anticancer immunotherapies seem to be effective, in that they effectively use nanodrugs to elicit a greater immune response. The combination of these therapies with others, such as photothermal or tumor vaccine therapy, can result in a greater anticancer effect. Thus, the future of anticancer therapy aims to increase the effectiveness of therapy using various therapies in a synergistic combination rather than individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungeun Kim
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea.,Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea.,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
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32
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Mao W, Son YJ, Yoo HS. Gold nanospheres and nanorods for anti-cancer therapy: comparative studies of fabrication, surface-decoration, and anti-cancer treatments. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14996-15020. [PMID: 32666990 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01690j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Various gold nanoparticles have been explored as cancer therapeutics because they can be widely engineered for use as efficient drug carriers and diagnostic agents, and in photo-irradiation therapy. In the current review, we focused on shape-dependent biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles including gold nanospheres and nanorods. Fabrication and functionalization strategies of two different gold nanoparticles for anti-cancer therapy are introduced and the distinguishing performance depending on the shape is discussed to suggest the best carrier shape for specific applications. Moreover, recent advances in anti-cancer immunotherapy using gold nano-carriers are discussed. Thus, this comparative review can be helpful in deciding on suitable shapes and surface-modification strategies for preparing various gold nanoparticle-based therapeutics in anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mao
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Jin JO, Kim G, Hwang J, Han KH, Kwak M, Lee PCW. Nucleic acid nanotechnology for cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188377. [PMID: 32418899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most prevalent potentially lethal diseases. With the increase in the number of investigations into the uses of nanotechnology, many nucleic acid (NA)-based nanostructures such as small interfering RNA, microRNA, aptamers, and immune adjuvant NA have been applied to treat cancer. Here, we discuss studies on the applications of NA in cancer treatment, recent research trends, and the limitations and prospects of specific NA-mediated gene therapy and immunotherapy for cancer treatment. The NA structures used for cancer therapy consist only of NA or hybrids comprising organic or inorganic substances integrated with functional NA. We also discuss delivery vehicles for therapeutic NA and anti-cancer agents, and recent trends in NA-based gene therapy and immunotherapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
| | - Gyurin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea; DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52056, Germany.
| | - Peter C W Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
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Cai H, Shukla S, Steinmetz NF. The Antitumor Efficacy of CpG Oligonucleotides is Improved by Encapsulation in Plant Virus-Like Particles. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1908743. [PMID: 34366757 PMCID: PMC8340626 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201908743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with CpG motifs have potent immunostimulatory effects on many subsets of immune cells. For example, Class B CpG-ODNs, such as ODN1826 induce the phagocytic activity of macrophages by activating the Toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway. Systemic ODN delivery results in unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles and can trigger adverse effects. To address this issue, plant virus-like particles (VLPs) are developed for the targeted delivery of ODN1826 to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). ODN1826 is encapsulated by the in vitro disassembly and reassembly of Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), producing VLPs that are structurally analogous to the native virus. The encapsulation of ODN1826 in CCMV-derived VLPs promotes ODN uptake by TAMs ex vivo and significantly enhance their phagocytic activity. The antitumor activity of the VLPs in vivo is also evaluated, revealing that the direct injection of ODN1826 VLPs into established tumors induces a robust antitumor response by increasing the phagocytic activity of TAMs in the tumor microenvironment. CCMV encapsulation significantly enhances the efficacy of ODN1826 compared to the free drug, slowing tumor growth and prolonging survival in mouse models of colon cancer and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sourabh Shukla
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Shields CW, Wang LLW, Evans MA, Mitragotri S. Materials for Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901633. [PMID: 31250498 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Breakthroughs in materials engineering have accelerated the progress of immunotherapy in preclinical studies. The interplay of chemistry and materials has resulted in improved loading, targeting, and release of immunomodulatory agents. An overview of the materials that are used to enable or improve the success of immunotherapies in preclinical studies is presented, from immunosuppressive to proinflammatory strategies, with particular emphasis on technologies poised for clinical translation. The materials are organized based on their characteristic length scale, whereby the enabling feature of each technology is organized by the structure of that material. For example, the mechanisms by which i) nanoscale materials can improve targeting and infiltration of immunomodulatory payloads into tissues and cells, ii) microscale materials can facilitate cell-mediated transport and serve as artificial antigen-presenting cells, and iii) macroscale materials can form the basis of artificial microenvironments to promote cell infiltration and reprogramming are discussed. As a step toward establishing a set of design rules for future immunotherapies, materials that intrinsically activate or suppress the immune system are reviewed. Finally, a brief outlook on the trajectory of these systems and how they may be improved to address unsolved challenges in cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wyatt Shields
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lily Li-Wen Wang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael A Evans
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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Sylvestre M, Crane CA, Pun SH. Progress on Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902007. [PMID: 31559665 PMCID: PMC7098849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a complex and heterogeneous population of cells within the tumor microenvironment. In many tumor types, TAMs contribute toward tumor malignancy and are therefore a therapeutic target of interest. Here, three major strategies for regulating TAMs are highlighted, emphasizing the role of biomaterials in these approaches. First, systemic methods for targeting tumor-associated macrophage are summarized and limitations to both passive and active targeting approaches considered. Second, lessons learned from the significant literature on wound healing and macrophage response to implanted biomaterials are discussed with the vision of applying these principles to localized, biomaterial-based modulation of tumor-associated macrophage. Finally, the developing field of engineered macrophages, including genetic engineering and integration with biomaterials or drug delivery systems, is examined. Analysis of major challenges in the field along with exciting opportunities for the future of macrophage-based therapies in oncology are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilyn Sylvestre
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Courtney A Crane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Ben Towne Center for Childhood Research, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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37
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Gold Nanoparticles in Glioma Theranostics. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104753. [PMID: 32209363 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite many endeavors to treat malignant gliomas in the last decades, the median survival of patients has not significantly improved. The infiltrative nature of high-grade gliomas and the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier to the most therapeutic agents remain major hurdles, impeding an efficacious treatment. Theranostic platforms bridging diagnosis and therapeutic modalities aim to surmount the current limitations in diagnosis and therapy of glioma. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) due to their biocompatibility and tunable optical properties have widely been utilized for an assortment of theranostic purposes. In this Review, applications of AuNPs as imaging probes, drug/gene delivery systems, radiosensitizers, photothermal transducers, and multimodal theranostic agents in malignant gliomas are discussed. This Review also aims to provide a perspective on cancer theranostic applications of AuNPs in future clinical trials.
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De Angelis B, Depalo N, Petronella F, Quintarelli C, Curri ML, Pani R, Calogero A, Locatelli F, De Sio L. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle-assisted immunotherapy: a new weapon against solid tumours. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1823-1840. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02246e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between photo-thermal therapy and immunotherapy allows the realization of new nanotechnology-based cancer treatments for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
- IRCCS
- Rome
- Italy
| | - Nicoletta Depalo
- CNR-IPCF
- National Research Council of Italy
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes-Bari Division
- I-70126 Bari
- Italy
| | - Francesca Petronella
- CNR-IC
- National Research Council of Italy
- Institute Crystallography
- 00015 Monterotondo – Rome
- Italy
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
- IRCCS
- Rome
- Italy
| | - M. Lucia Curri
- CNR-IPCF
- National Research Council of Italy
- Institute for Physical and Chemical Processes-Bari Division
- I-70126 Bari
- Italy
| | - Roberto Pani
- Center for Biophotonics and Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Latina
- Italy
| | - Antonella Calogero
- Center for Biophotonics and Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Latina
- Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital
- IRCCS
- Rome
- Italy
| | - Luciano De Sio
- Center for Biophotonics and Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Latina
- Italy
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Han S, Wang W, Wang S, Wang S, Ju R, Pan Z, Yang T, Zhang G, Wang H, Wang L. Multifunctional biomimetic nanoparticles loading baicalin for polarizing tumor-associated macrophages. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20206-20220. [PMID: 31621735 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03353j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunosuppression and immune tolerance lead tumor cells to evade immune system surveillance and weaken drug efficacy. The presence of various immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment, especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), has been shown to be a driving force in tumor initiation and development. Reversion of the TAM phenotype is an effective way to induce a subsequent antitumor immune response. In this study, we developed baicalin-loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles containing an antigenic peptide (Hgp 10025-33, Hgp) and a toll-like receptor 9 agonist (CpG). The nanoparticles were further coated with a galactose-inserted erythrocyte membrane, which actively targeted the TAMs. The TAM polarization and tumor treatment effectiveness of the nanoparticles were evaluated. The biomimetic nanoparticles showed enhanced cell uptake in vitro and targeted effects in vivo. In addition, compared with baicalin-loaded PLGA-NPs (B@NPs), the biomimetic nanoparticles, such as Hgp/B@NPs-CpG and NPs@RBC-Gala, significantly polarized the TAMs such that they changed from the M2 type to the M1 type both in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, the infiltration of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells into tumor sites after being induced by the biomimetic nanoparticles was greatly increased, which suggested a significant enhancement of the immune activation effect and T cell response. In addition, the activation of the T cells and induction of the CTL responses effectively suppressed melanoma tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, the biomimetic nanoparticles effectively reversed the TAM phenotype from M2 to M1, which further improved the tumor immune microenvironment and promoted tumor immunotherapy. These results suggested that the TAM-targeted biomimetic drug delivery system had the potential to reverse the phenotypes of TAMs contributing to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promote tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China. and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Shengfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Ruijun Ju
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Pan
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, P.R. China
| | - Tingyuan Yang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
| | - Huimei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
| | - Lianyan Wang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.
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40
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Tran TH, Tran TTP, Truong DH, Nguyen HT, Pham TT, Yong CS, Kim JO. Toll-like receptor-targeted particles: A paradigm to manipulate the tumor microenvironment for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:82-96. [PMID: 31129358 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on antigen presenting cells, especially dendritic cells, offers several sensitive mediators to trigger an adaptive immune response, which potentially can be exploited to detect and eliminate pathogenic objects. Consequently, numerous agonists that target TLRs are being used clinically either alone or in combination with other therapies to strengthen the immune system in the battle against cancer. This review summarizes the roles of TLRs in tumor biology, and focuses on relevant TLR-dependent antitumor pathways and the conjugation of TLR agonists as adjuvants to nano- and micro-particles for boosting responses leading to cancer suppression and eradication. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which express on antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, play an important role in sensing pathogenic agents and inducing adaptive immunity. As a result, several TLR agonists have been investigating as therapeutic agents individually or in combination with other treatment modalities for cancer treatment through boosting the immune system. This review aims to focus on the roles of TLRs in cancer and TLR-dependent antitumor pathways as well as the use of different nano- or micro-particles bearing TLR agonists for tumor inhibition and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Hiep Tran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thu Phuong Tran
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Duy Hieu Truong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - Hanh Thuy Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tung Thanh Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Hess KL, Medintz IL, Jewell CM. Designing inorganic nanomaterials for vaccines and immunotherapies. NANO TODAY 2019; 27:73-98. [PMID: 32292488 PMCID: PMC7156029 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines and immunotherapies have changed the face of health care. Biomaterials offer the ability to improve upon these medical technologies through increased control of the types and concentrations of immune signals delivered. Further, these carriers enable targeting, stability, and delivery of poorly soluble cargos. Inorganic nanomaterials possess unique optical, electric, and magnetic properties, as well as defined chemistry, high surface-to-volume- ratio, and high avidity display that make this class of materials particularly advantageous for vaccine design, cancer immunotherapy, and autoimmune treatments. In this review we focus on this understudied area by highlighting recent work with inorganic materials - including gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots. We discuss the intrinsic features of these materials that impact the interactions with immune cells and tissue, as well as recent reports using inorganic materials across a range of emerging immunological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina L. Hess
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Ong C, Cha BG, Kim J. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Doped with Gold Nanoparticles for Combined Cancer Immunotherapy and Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3630-3638. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Ong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Geun Cha
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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43
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Dykman LA, Khlebtsov NG. Gold nanoparticles in chemo-, immuno-, and combined therapy: review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:3152-3182. [PMID: 31467774 PMCID: PMC6706047 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.003152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with controlled geometrical and optical properties have been the subject of intense research and biomedical applications. This review summarizes recent data and topical problems in nanomedicine that are related to the use of variously sized, shaped, and structured GNPs. We focus on three topical fields in current nanomedicine: (1) use of GNP-based nanoplatforms for the targeted delivery of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs and of genes; (2) GNP-based cancer immunotherapy; and (3) combined chemo-, immuno-, and phototherapy. We present a summary of the available literature data and a short discussion of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - N G Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia
- Saratov National Research State University, 83 Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya, Saratov 410012, Russia
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44
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Kapadia C, Tian S, Perry JL, Luft JC, DeSimone JM. Role of Linker Length and Antigen Density in Nanoparticle Peptide Vaccine. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5547-5555. [PMID: 30972374 PMCID: PMC6450662 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have been published emphasizing the significant role of nanoparticle (NP) carriers in antigenic peptide-based subunit vaccines for the induction of potent humoral and cellular responses. Various design parameters of nanoparticle subunit vaccines such as linker chemistry, the proximity of antigenic peptide to NPs, and the density of antigenic peptides on the surface of NPs play an important role in antigen presentation to dendritic cells (DCs) and in subsequent induction of CD8+ T cell response. In this current study, we evaluated the role of peptide antigen proximity and density on DC uptake, antigen cross-presentation, in vitro T cell proliferation, and in vivo induction of CD8+ T cells. To evaluate the role of antigen proximity, CSIINFEKL peptides were systematically conjugated to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels through N-hydroxysuccinimide-PEG-maleimide linkers of varying molecular weights: 2k, 5k, and 10k. We observed that the peptides conjugated to NPs via the 2k and 5k PEG linkers resulted in higher uptake in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) and increased p-MHC-I formation on the surface of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) as compared to the 10k PEG linker formulation. However, no significant differences in vitro T cell proliferation and induction of in vivo CD8+ T cells were found among linker lengths. To study the effect of antigen density, CSIINFEKL peptides were conjugated to PEG hydrogels via 5k PEG linkers at various densities. We found that high antigen density NPs presented the highest p-MHC-I on the surface of BMDCs and induced higher proliferation of T cells, whereas NPs with low peptide density resulted in higher DC cell uptake and elevated frequency of IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells in mice as compared to the medium- and high-density formulations. Altogether, findings for these experiments highlighted the importance of linker length and peptide antigen density on DC cell uptake, antigen presentation, and induction of in vivo CD8+ T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan
H. Kapadia
- Division
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology
& Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Division
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology
& Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jillian L. Perry
- Division
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology
& Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - J. Christopher Luft
- Division
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology
& Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph M. DeSimone
- Division
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology
& Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- E-mail: . Tel: (919) 962-2166. Fax: (919) 962-5467
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Xie X, Zhang Y, Li F, Lv T, Li Z, Chen H, Jia L, Gao Y. Challenges and Opportunities from Basic Cancer Biology for Nanomedicine for Targeted Drug Delivery. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 19:257-276. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180628160211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Effective cancer therapy is still a great challenge for modern medical research due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, and the limitations commonly associated with currently used cancer therapeutic options. Nanotechnology has been implemented in cancer therapeutics with immense potential for improving cancer treatment.Objective:Through information about the recent advances regarding cancer hallmarks, we could comprehensively understand the pharmacological effects and explore the mechanisms of the interaction between the nanomaterials, which could provide opportunities to develop mechanism-based nanomedicine to treat human cancers.Methods:We collected related information and data from articles.Results:In this review, we discussed the characteristics of cancer including tumor angiogenesis, abnormalities in tumor blood vessels, uncontrolled cell proliferation markers, multidrug resistance, tumor metastasis, cancer cell metabolism, and tumor immune system that provide opportunities and challenges for nanomedicine to be directed to specific cancer cells and portray the progress that has been accomplished in application of nanotechnology for cancer treatment.Conclusion:The information presented in this review can provide useful references for further studies on developing effective nanomedicine for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Fengqiao Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
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Maeda M, Kojima T, Song Y, Takayama S. DNA-Based Biomaterials for Immunoengineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801243. [PMID: 30516349 PMCID: PMC6407644 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Man-made DNA materials hold the potential to modulate specific immune pathways toward immunoactivating or immunosuppressive cascades. DNA-based biomaterials introduce DNA into the extracellular environment during implantation or delivery, and subsequently intracellularly upon phagocytosis or degradation of the material. Therefore, the immunogenic functionality of biological and synthetic extracellular DNA should be considered to achieve desired immune responses. In vivo, extracellular DNA from both endogenous and exogenous sources holds immunoactivating functions which can be traced back to the molecular features of DNA, such as sequence and length. Extracellular DNA is recognized as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), by immune cell receptors, activating either proinflammatory signaling pathways or immunosuppressive cell functions. Although extracellular DNA promotes protective immune responses during early inflammation such as bacterial killing, recent advances demonstrate that unresolved and elevated DNA concentrations may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, cancer, and fibrosis. Therefore, addressing the immunogenicity of DNA enables immune responses to be engineered by optimizing their activating and suppressive performance per application. To this end, emerging biology relevant to the generation of extracellular DNA, DNA sensors, and its role concerning existing and future synthetic DNA biomaterials are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Maeda
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, 950 Atlantic Dr NW. Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- The Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Taisuke Kojima
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, 950 Atlantic Dr NW. Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- The Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Yang Song
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, 950 Atlantic Dr NW. Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- The Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, 950 Atlantic Dr NW. Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- The Parker H Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332 USA,
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lou
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health Network Toronto M5G 2C1 Canada
- Centre for Pharmaceutical OncologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5S 3M2 Canada
| | - Li Zhang
- Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health Network Toronto M5G 2C4 Canada
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A8 Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health Network Toronto M5G 2C1 Canada
- Centre for Pharmaceutical OncologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto M5S 3M2 Canada
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48
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Yang Y, Zhong S, Wang K, Huang J. Gold nanoparticle based fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for imaging and therapy in living systems. Analyst 2019; 144:1052-1072. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with unique physical and chemical properties have become an integral part of research in nanoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
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49
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Musetti S, Huang L. Nanoparticle-Mediated Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11740-11755. [PMID: 30508378 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscience has long been lauded as a method through which tumor-associated barriers could be overcome. As successful as cancer immunotherapy has been, limitations associated with the tumor microenvironment or side effects of systemic treatment have become more apparent. In this Review, we seek to lay out the therapeutic challenges associated with the tumor microenvironment and the ways in which nanoscience is being applied to remodel the tumor microenvironment and increase the susceptibility of many cancer types to immunotherapy. We detail the nanomedicines on the cutting edge of cancer immunotherapy and how their interactions with the tumor microenvironment make them more effective than systemically administered immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Musetti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
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50
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Surendran SP, Moon MJ, Park R, Jeong YY. Bioactive Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3877. [PMID: 30518139 PMCID: PMC6321368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, immunotherapy is considered to be one of the effective treatment modalities for cancer. All the developments and discoveries in this field up to the recent Nobel Prize add to the interest for research into this vast area of study. Targeting tumor environment as well as the immune system is a suitable strategy to be applied for cancer treatment. Usage of nanoparticle systems for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents to the body being widely studied and found to be a promising area of research to be considered and investigated further. Nanoparticles for immunotherapy would be one of the effective treatment options for cancer therapy in the future due to their high specificity, efficacy, ability to diagnose, imaging, and therapeutic effect. Among the many nanoparticle systems, polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, gold nanoparticles, iron oxide, dendrimers, and artificial exosomes are widely used for immunotherapy of cancer. Moreover, the combination therapy found to be the more effective way of treating the tumor. Here, we review the current trends in nanoparticle therapy and efficiency of these nanosystems in delivering antigens, adjuvants, therapeutic drugs, and other immunotherapeutic agents. This review summarizes the currently available bioactive nanoparticle systems for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchithra Poilil Surendran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Myeong Ju Moon
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Rayoung Park
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
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