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Everest‐Dass A, Nersisyan S, Maar H, Novosad V, Schröder‐Schwarz J, Freytag V, Stuke JL, Beine MC, Schiecke A, Haider M, Kriegs M, Elakad O, Bohnenberger H, Conradi L, Raygorodskaya M, Krause L, von Itzstein M, Tonevitsky A, Schumacher U, Maltseva D, Wicklein D, Lange T. Spontaneous metastasis xenograft models link CD44 isoform 4 to angiogenesis, hypoxia, EMT and mitochondria-related pathways in colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:62-90. [PMID: 37849446 PMCID: PMC10766209 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous metastasis limits the survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we illuminated the roles of CD44 isoforms in this process. Isoforms 3 and 4 were predominantly expressed in CRC patients. CD44 isoform 4 indicated poor outcome and correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in patients; opposite associations were found for isoform 3. Pan-CD44 knockdown (kd) independently impaired primary tumor formation and abrogated distant metastasis in CRC xenografts. The xenograft tumors mainly expressed the clinically relevant CD44 isoforms 3 and 4. Both isoforms were enhanced in the paranecrotic, hypoxic tumor regions but were generally absent in lung metastases. Upon CD44 kd, tumor angiogenesis was increased in the paranecrotic areas, accompanied by reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and CEACAM5 but increased E-cadherin expression. Mitochondrial genes and proteins were induced upon pan-CD44 kd, as were OxPhos genes. Hypoxia increased VEGF release from tumor spheres, particularly upon CD44 kd. Genes affected upon CD44 kd in xenografts specifically overlapped concordantly with genes correlating with CD44 isoform 4 (but not isoform 3) in patients, validating the clinical relevance of the used model and highlighting the metastasis-promoting role of CD44 isoform 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Everest‐Dass
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Stepan Nersisyan
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Institute of Molecular BiologyThe National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of ArmeniaYerevanArmenia
- Armenian Bioinformatics Institute (ABI)YerevanArmenia
- Present address:
Computational Medicine CenterThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Hanna Maar
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Victor Novosad
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | | | - Vera Freytag
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Johanna L. Stuke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mia C. Beine
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Alina Schiecke
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Marie‐Therese Haider
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Malte Kriegs
- Department of Radiobiology and Radiation OncologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Omar Elakad
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Lena‐Christin Conradi
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Linda Krause
- Institute of Medical Biometry and EpidemiologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast CampusAustralia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
- Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic ChemistryRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
- Art Photonics GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Medical School BerlinGermany
| | - Diana Maltseva
- Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyHSE UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Daniel Wicklein
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyUniversity of MarburgGermany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental MorphologyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfGermany
- Institute of Anatomy IJena University HospitalGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG)Jena and LeipzigGermany
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2
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Parnigoni A, Moretto P, Viola M, Karousou E, Passi A, Vigetti D. Effects of Hyaluronan on Breast Cancer Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3813. [PMID: 37568628 PMCID: PMC10417239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer cells is critical for determining tumor aggressiveness and targeting therapies. The presence of such receptors allows for the use of antagonists that effectively reduce breast cancer growth and dissemination. However, the absence of such receptors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) reduces the possibility of targeted therapy, making these tumors very aggressive with a poor outcome. Cancers are not solely composed of tumor cells, but also include several types of infiltrating cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, and other immune cells that have critical functions in regulating cancer cell behaviors. In addition to these cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has become an important player in many aspects of breast cancer biology, including cell growth, motility, metabolism, and chemoresistance. Hyaluronan (HA) is a key ECM component that promotes cell proliferation and migration in several malignancies. Notably, HA accumulation in the tumor stroma is a negative prognostic factor in breast cancer. HA metabolism depends on the fine balance between HA synthesis by HA synthases and degradation yielded by hyaluronidases. All the different cell types present in the tumor can release HA in the ECM, and in this review, we will describe the role of HA and HA metabolism in different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (P.M.); (M.V.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
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3
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Hyaluronan-Induced CD44-iASPP Interaction Affects Fibroblast Migration and Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041082. [PMID: 36831425 PMCID: PMC9954134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we show that the inhibitor of the apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) physically interacts with the hyaluronan receptor CD44 in normal and transformed cells. We noticed that the CD44 standard isoform (CD44s), but not the variant isoform (CD44v), bound to iASPP via the ankyrin-binding domain in CD44s. The formation of iASPP-CD44s complexes was promoted by hyaluronan stimulation in fibroblasts but not in epithelial cells. The cellular level of p53 affected the amount of the iASPP-CD44 complex. iASPP was required for hyaluronan-induced CD44-dependent migration and adhesion of fibroblasts. Of note, CD44 altered the sub-cellular localization of the iASPP-p53 complex; thus, ablation of CD44 promoted translocation of iASPP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, resulting in increased formation of a cytoplasmic iASPP-p53 complex in fibroblasts. Overexpression of iASPP decreased, but CD44 increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Knock-down of CD44s, in the presence of p53, led to increased cell growth and cell density of fibroblasts by suppression of p27 and p53. Our observations suggest that the balance of iASPP-CD44 and iASPP-p53 complexes affect the survival and migration of fibroblasts.
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Askari H, Sadeghinejad M, Fancher IS. Mechanotransduction and the endothelial glycocalyx: Interactions with membrane and cytoskeletal proteins to transduce force. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 91:43-60. [PMID: 37080680 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx is an extracellular matrix that coats the endothelium and extends into the lumen of blood vessels, acting as a barrier between the vascular wall and blood flowing through the vessel. This positioning of the glycocalyx permits a variety of its constituents, including the major endothelial proteoglycans glypican-1 and syndecan-1, as well as the major glycosaminoglycans heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, to contribute to the processes of mechanosensation and subsequent mechanotransduction following such stimuli as elevated shear stress. To coordinate the vast array of processes that occur in response to physical force, the glycocalyx interacts with a plethora of membrane and cytoskeletal proteins to carry out specific signaling pathways resulting in a variety of responses of endothelial cells and, ultimately, blood vessels to mechanical force. This review focuses on proposed glycocalyx-protein relationships whereby the endothelial glycocalyx interacts with a variety of membrane and cytoskeletal proteins to transduce force into a myriad of chemical signaling pathways. The established and proposed interactions at the molecular level are discussed in context of how the glycocalyx regulates membrane/cytoskeletal protein function in the many processes of endothelial mechanotransduction.
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Kugeratski FG, Santi A, Zanivan S. Extracellular vesicles as central regulators of blood vessel function in cancer. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eaaz4742. [PMID: 36166511 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz4742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels deliver oxygen and nutrients that sustain tumor growth and enable the dissemination of cancer cells to distant sites and the recruitment of intratumoral immune cells. In addition, the structural and functional abnormalities of the tumor vasculature foster the development of an aggressive tumor microenvironment and impair the efficacy of existing cancer therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as major players of tumor progression, and a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that EVs derived from cancer cells trigger multiple responses in endothelial cells that alter blood vessel function in tumors. EV-mediated signaling in endothelial cells can occur through the transfer of functional cargos such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, cirRNAs, and proteins. Moreover, membrane-bound proteins in EVs can elicit receptor-mediated signaling in endothelial cells. Together, these mechanisms reprogram endothelial cells and contribute to the sustained exacerbated angiogenic signaling typical of tumors, which, in turn, influences cancer progression. Targeting these angiogenesis-promoting EV-dependent mechanisms may offer additional strategies to normalize tumor vasculature. Here, we discuss the current knowledge pertaining to the contribution of cancer cell-derived EVs in mechanisms regulating blood vessel functions in tumors. Moreover, we discuss the translational opportunities in targeting the dysfunctional tumor vasculature using EVs and highlight the open questions in the field of EV biology that can be addressed using mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G Kugeratski
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Sara Zanivan
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
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Grandi F, Miot HA, Rocha RM, Gomes CMS, Queiroz‐Hazarbassanov N, Montoya‐Florez LM, Cogliati B, Rocha NS. Immunophenotypic and molecular profile of cancer stem‐cell markers in ex vivo canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT). Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2297-2306. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Grandi
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP Botucatu São Paulo Brazil
| | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy Botucatu Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP Botucatu São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of Sao Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Noeme Sousa Rocha
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP Botucatu São Paulo Brazil
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7
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Ivanova EL, Costa B, Eisemann T, Lohr S, Boskovic P, Eichwald V, Meckler J, Jugold M, Orian-Rousseau V, Peterziel H, Angel P. CD44 expressed by myeloid cells promotes glioma invasion. Front Oncol 2022; 12:969787. [PMID: 35992852 PMCID: PMC9386454 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.969787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and malignant brain tumors in adulthood with a median survival of only 15 months. This poor prognosis is related to GBM’s ability to extensively infiltrate the surrounding brain parenchyma resulting in diffuse spread of neoplastic cells in the brain, responsible for high rate of recurrence. CD44 (Cluster of Differentiation 44) is a transmembrane protein, overexpressed in multiple cancer types, including gliomas, and implicated in cell motility, proliferation and angiogenesis. Multiple studies have investigated the role of CD44 in GBM cells and have highlighted a link between tumor malignancy and CD44 expression. However up to date, little is known of the role of CD44 on cells from the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we have investigated a potential role of CD44 in the TME in regards to GBM invasiveness. Using an ex-vivo organotypic brain slice invasion assay, we show that absence of CD44 from the TME impairs the ability of glioma cells to invade the surrounding brain parenchyma. By deleting CD44 in the astrocytic, endothelial and myeloid compartments, we show that it is specifically CD44 expression in myeloid cells that is responsible for the observed phenotype. Combining in vivo studies in cell-specific knock-out mice and in vitro analyses on primary microglia we demonstrate that myeloid CD44 is implicated in Toll Like Receptor 2 signaling and is a major regulator of Matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina L. Ivanova
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Costa
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Eisemann
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Lohr
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pavle Boskovic
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Eichwald
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Meckler
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jugold
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veronique Orian-Rousseau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Heike Peterziel
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Angel
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Peter Angel,
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8
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Karalis T, Skandalis SS. Hyaluronan network: a driving force in cancer progression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C145-C158. [PMID: 35649255 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00139.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is one of the most abundant macromolecules of the extracellular matrix and regulates several physiological cell and tissue properties. However, hyaluronan has been shown to accumulate together with its receptors in various cancers. In tumors, accumulation of hyaluronan system components (hyaluronan synthesizing/degrading enzymes and interacting proteins) associates with poor outcomes of the patients. In this article, we review the main roles of hyaluronan in normal physiology and cancer, and further discuss the targeting of hyaluronan system as an applicable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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9
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Essa AAM, Deraz EM. Expression of CD44 (NKI-P1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma associated vascular endothelial cells: A relationship to tumor angiogenesis. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:21-26. [PMID: 35068895 PMCID: PMC8767246 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aim Materials and methods
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10
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Chen L, Fu C, Zhang Q, He C, Zhang F, Wei Q. The role of CD44 in pathological angiogenesis. FASEB J 2020; 34:13125-13139. [PMID: 32830349 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000380rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required for normal development and occurs as a pathological step in a variety of disease settings, such as cancer, ocular diseases, and ischemia. Recent studies have revealed the role of CD44, a widely expressed cell surface adhesion molecule, in promoting pathological angiogenesis and the development of its associated diseases through its regulation of diverse function of endothelial cells, such as proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion, and communication with the microenvironment. Conversely, the absence of CD44 expression or inhibition of its function impairs pathological angiogenesis and disease progression. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the roles of CD44 in pathological angiogenesis and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chenying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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11
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Sasso FC, Zuchegna C, Tecce MF, Capasso A, Adinolfi LE, Romano A, Bartollino S, Porcellini A, Costagliola C. High glucose concentration produces a short-term increase in pERK1/2 and p85 proteins, having a direct angiogenetic effect by an action similar to VEGF. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:947-958. [PMID: 32130518 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Excessive glucose serum concentration, endothelial dysfunction and microangiopathy are key features of diabetes mellitus, being both diagnostic parameters and pathogenetic mechanisms. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is importantly implicated in the physiology and pathology of blood vessels, including diabetic vascular damage. METHODS These factors certainly affect endothelial cells, and to evaluate mechanisms involved, we took advantage of telomerase-immortalized human microvascular endothelial (TIME) cells. TIME cells were exposed to different glucose concentrations and to VEGF treatments. Culture conditions also included the use of basement membrane extract, as an in vitro differentiation model. Cell morphology was then evaluated in the different conditions, and cellular proteins were extracted to analyze specific protein products by Western blot. RESULTS High glucose concentrations and VEGF did substantially affect neither morphology nor growth of cultured TIME cells, while both considerably increased differentiation into "capillary-like" structures when cells were cultured on basement membrane extract. CONCLUSIONS Under these conditions, high glucose concentration and VEGF also produced a short-term increase in pERK1/2 and p85 proteins, while total and phosphorylated AKT were not affected. These data suggest a direct angiogenetic effect of glucose, affecting intracellular transduction mechanisms with an action similar to that of VEGF. This effect on endothelial cell proliferation and differentiation could be part of pathogenetic mechanisms producing diabetic microvascular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Dalla Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Candida Zuchegna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cinthia, 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Anna Capasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Luigi Elio Adinolfi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Dalla Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cinthia, 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Bartollino
- Department of Medicine and Health Science "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio Porcellini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cinthia, 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Department of Medicine and Health Science "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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12
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Roles of miR-640 and Zinc Finger Protein 91 (ZFP91) in Angiopoietin-1-Induced In Vitro Angiogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071602. [PMID: 32630670 PMCID: PMC7408170 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is a ligand of Tie-2 receptors that promotes angiogenesis. It has been established that regulatory loops exist between angiogenic growth factors and distinct pro or anti-angiogenic miRNAs, but the nature and the roles of Ang-1-regulated miRNAs remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the role of miR-640 in Ang-1-induced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Exposure to Ang-1 (300 ng/mL) from 6 to 72 h significantly decreased expression of mature miR-640, a response that was mediated by Tie-2 receptors and was also observed in response to Ang-2, the vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor β. Increasing miR-640 levels using a mimic inhibited Ang-1-induced cell migration and capillary-like tube formation whereas inhibition of miR-640 enhanced these responses. Pull down assays of biotinylated miR-640 revealed that miR-640 directly targets Zinc Finger Protein 91 (ZFP91), an atypical E3-ubiquitin ligase. Ang-1 exposure induced ZFP91 expression through down-regulation of miR-640. Silencing of ZFP91 significantly inhibited Ang-1-induced cell migration and tube formation. We conclude that Ang-1 upregulates ZFP91 expression through transcriptional down-regulation of miR-640 and that ZFP91 plays important roles in the promotion of Ang-1-induced endothelial cell migration and differentiation.
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Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that CD44 is involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis via angiotensin II (Ang II) AT1 receptor-stimulated TNFα/NFκB/IκB signaling pathways. Study was conducted in C57BL/6 wild type and CD44 knockout mice subjected to Ang II infusion (1,000 ng/kg/min) using osmotic minipumps up to 4 weeks or with gastric gavage administration of the AT1 receptor blocker, telmisartan at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d. Results indicated that Ang II enhances expression of the AT1 receptor, TNFα, NFκB, and CD44 as well as downregulates IκB. Further analyses revealed that Ang II increases macrophage migration, augments myofibroblast proliferation, and induces vascular/interstitial fibrosis. Relative to the Ang II group, treatment with telmisartan significantly reduced expression of the AT1 receptor and TNFα. These changes occurred in coincidence with decreased NFκB, increased IκB, and downregulated CD44 in the intracardiac vessels and intermyocardium. Furthermore, macrophage migration and myofibroblast proliferation were inhibited and fibrosis was attenuated. Knockout of CD44 did not affect Ang II-stimulated AT1 receptor and modulated TNFα/NFκB/IκB signaling, but significantly reduced macrophage/myofibroblast-mediated fibrosis as identified by less extensive collagen-rich area. These results suggest that the AT1 receptor is involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis by stimulating TNFα/NFκB/IκB-triggered CD44 signaling pathways. Knockout of CD44 blocked Ang II-induced cell migration/proliferation and cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, selective inhibition of CD44 may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for attenuating Ang II-induced deleterious cardiovascular effects.
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14
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Wang G, Tiemeier GL, van den Berg BM, Rabelink TJ. Endothelial Glycocalyx Hyaluronan: Regulation and Role in Prevention of Diabetic Complications. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:781-790. [PMID: 32035886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx is critically involved in vascular integrity and homeostasis, by regulating vascular permeability, regulating mechanotransduction, and reducing inflammation and coagulation. The turnover of the glycocalyx is dynamic to fine-tune these processes. This is in particular true for its main structural component, hyaluronan (HA). Degradation and shedding of the glycocalyx by enzymes, such as hyaluronidase 1 and hyaluronidase 2, are responsible for regulation of the glycocalyx thickness and hence access of circulating cells and factors to the endothelial cell membrane and its receptors. This degradation process will at the same time also allow for resynthesis and adaptive chemical modification of the glycocalyx. The (re)synthesis of HA is dependent on the availability of its sugar substrates, thus linking glycocalyx biology directly to cellular glucose metabolism. It is therefore of particular interest to consider the consequences of dysregulated cellular glucose in diabetes for glycocalyx biology and its implications for endothelial function. This review summarizes the metabolic regulation of endothelial glycocalyx HA and its potential as a therapeutic target in diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gesa L Tiemeier
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bernard M van den Berg
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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15
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Heldin P, Kolliopoulos C, Lin CY, Heldin CH. Involvement of hyaluronan and CD44 in cancer and viral infections. Cell Signal 2019; 65:109427. [PMID: 31654718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan and its major receptor CD44 are ubiquitously distributed. They have important structural as well as signaling roles, regulating tissue homeostasis, and their expression levels are tightly regulated. In addition to signaling initiated by the interaction of the intracellular domain of CD44 with cytoplasmic signaling molecules, CD44 has important roles as a co-receptor for different types of receptors of growth factors and cytokines. Dysregulation of hyaluronan-CD44 interactions is seen in diseases, such as inflammation and cancer. In the present communication, we discuss the mechanism of hyaluronan-induced signaling via CD44, as well as the involvement of hyaluronan-engaged CD44 in malignancies and in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Department of Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Lin CY, Kolliopoulos C, Huang CH, Tenhunen J, Heldin CH, Chen YH, Heldin P. High levels of serum hyaluronan is an early predictor of dengue warning signs and perturbs vascular integrity. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:425-441. [PMID: 31526718 PMCID: PMC6838418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A main pathological feature of severe dengue virus infection is endothelial hyper-permeability. The dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has been implicated in the vascular leakage that characterizes severe dengue virus infection, however, the molecular mechanisms involved are not known. METHODS A cohort of 250 dengue patients has been followed from the onset of symptoms to the recovery phase. Serum hyaluronan levels and several other clinical parameters were recorded. The effect of NS1 treatment of cultured fibroblasts and endothelial cells on the expressions of hyaluronan synthetic and catabolic enzymes and the hyaluronan receptor CD44, were determined, as have the effects on the formation of hyaluronan-rich matrices and endothelial permeability. FINDINGS Elevated serum hyaluronan levels (≥70 ng/ml) during early infection was found to be an independent predictor for occurrence of warning signs, and thus severe dengue fever. High circulating levels of the viral protein NS1, indicative of disease severity, correlated with high concentrations of serum hyaluronan. NS1 exposure decreased the expression of CD44 in differentiating endothelial cells impairing the integrity of vessel-like structures, and promoted the synthesis of hyaluronan in dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells in synergy with dengue-induced pro-inflammatory mediators. Deposited hyaluronan-rich matrices around cells cultured in vitro recruited CD44-expressing macrophage-like cells, suggesting a mechanism for enhancement of inflammation. In cultured endothelial cells, perturbed hyaluronan-CD44 interactions enhanced endothelial permeability through modulation of VE-cadherin and cytoskeleton re-organization, and exacerbated the NS1-induced disruption of endothelial integrity. INTERPRETATION Pharmacological targeting of hyaluronan biosynthesis and/or its CD44-mediated signaling may limit the life-threatening vascular leakiness during moderate-to-severe dengue virus infection. FUND: This work was supported in part by grants from the Swedish Cancer Society (2018/337; 2016/445), the Swedish Research Council (2015-02757), the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (106-2314-B-037-088- and 106-2915-I-037-501-), Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH103-3 T05) and Academy of Finland. The funders played no role in the design, interpretation or writing of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Infection Control Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Dengue Fever Control and Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chung-Hao Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Infection Control Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Dengue Fever Control and Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jyrki Tenhunen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Critical Care Medicine Research Group, Department of Intensive Care, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Dengue Fever Control and Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Deparent of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan.
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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KHADIZA N, HASEGAWA T, NAGAI T, YAMAMOTO T, MIYAMOTO- TAKASAKI Y, HONGO H, ABE M, HARAGUCHI M, YAMAMOTO T, YIMIN, QIU Z, SASAKI M, KUROSHIMA S, OHSHIMA H, FREITAS PHLD, LI M, YAWAKA Y, AMIZUKA N. Immunolocalization of podoplanin/E11/gp38, CD44, and endomucin in the odontoblastic cell layer of murine tooth germs. Biomed Res 2019; 40:133-143. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.40.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naznin KHADIZA
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Dentistry for Children and Disabled Person
| | | | - Tomoya NAGAI
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | | | - Miki ABE
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | - YIMIN
- Central Research Institute, Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Muneteru SASAKI
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Shinichiro KUROSHIMA
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Hayato OHSHIMA
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University
| | | | - Minqi LI
- Division of Basic Science of Stomatology, The School of Stomatology, Shandong University
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18
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Has2 natural antisense RNA and Hmga2 promote Has2 expression during TGFβ-induced EMT in breast cancer. Matrix Biol 2019; 80:29-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Tumor-suppressive functions of 4-MU on breast cancer cells of different ER status: Regulation of hyaluronan/HAS2/CD44 and specific matrix effectors. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:118-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Tammi MI, Oikari S, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Rilla K, Auvinen P, Tammi RH. Activated hyaluronan metabolism in the tumor matrix — Causes and consequences. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:147-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Jewett A, Kos J, Fong Y, Ko MW, Safaei T, Perišić Nanut M, Kaur K. NK cells shape pancreatic and oral tumor microenvironments; role in inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:178-188. [PMID: 30081230 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have recently shown that natural killer (NK) cells select and differentiate cancer stem cells (CSCs)/undifferentiated tumors via secreted and membrane bound IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and TNF-alpha (TNF-α), preventing tumor growth and inducing remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. Since many conventional therapeutic strategies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain fairly unsuccessful in treating CSCs/poorly differentiated tumors, there has been an increasing interest in NK cell-targeted immunotherapy for the treatment of aggressive tumors. In our recent studies, we used humanized-BLT (hu-BLT) mouse model with transplanted human bone marrow, liver and thymus to demonstrate the efficacy of adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded, super-charged NK cells in selection and differentiation of stem-like tumors within the context of a fully reconstituted human immune system. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that CSCs differentiated with split-anergized NK cells prior to implantation in hu-BLT mice were not able to grow or metastasize. However, when NK cell-mediated tumor differentiation was blocked by the addition of antibodies to IFN-γ and TNF-α, tumors grew and metastasized. In this review, we present current advances in NK cell expansion and therapeutic delivery, and discuss the utility of allogeneic super-charged NK cells in treatment of cancer patients. In addition, NK suppression occurs not only at the stage of overt cancer, but also at the pre-neoplastic stage. Therefore, due to the indispensable role of NK cells in targeting CSCs/undifferentiated tumors and their role in differentiation of the tumors, NK cells should be placed high in the armamentarium of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahid Jewett
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA; Center of Gene Therapy, Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Meng-Wei Ko
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tahmineh Safaei
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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22
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Al Tawil E, Monnier A, Nguyen QT, Deschrevel B. Microarchitecture of poly(lactic acid) membranes with an interconnected network of macropores and micropores influences cell behavior. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Heldin P, Lin CY, Kolliopoulos C, Chen YH, Skandalis SS. Regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis and clinical impact of excessive hyaluronan production. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:100-117. [PMID: 29374576 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The tightly regulated biosynthesis and catabolism of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan, as well as its role in organizing tissues and cell signaling, is crucial for the homeostasis of tissues. Overexpression of hyaluronan plays pivotal roles in inflammation and cancer, and markedly high serum and tissue levels of hyaluronan are noted under such pathological conditions. This review focuses on the complexity of the regulation at transcriptional and posttranslational level of hyaluronan synthetic enzymes, and the outcome of their aberrant expression and accumulation of hyaluronan in clinical conditions, such as systemic B-cell cancers, aggressive breast carcinomas, metabolic diseases and virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Heldin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
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24
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Tolg C, Yuan H, Flynn SM, Basu K, Ma J, Tse KCK, Kowalska B, Vulkanesku D, Cowman MK, McCarthy JB, Turley EA. Hyaluronan modulates growth factor induced mammary gland branching in a size dependent manner. Matrix Biol 2017; 63:117-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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The deubiquitinating enzymes USP4 and USP17 target hyaluronan synthase 2 and differentially affect its function. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e348. [PMID: 28604766 PMCID: PMC5519194 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels of hyaluronan, a ubiquitous glycosaminoglycan prominent in the extracellular matrix, is balanced through the actions of hyaluronan-synthesizing enzymes (HAS1, 2 and 3) and degrading hyaluronidases (Hyal 1, 2, 3 and PH20). Hyaluronan accumulates in rapidly remodeling tissues, such as breast cancer, due to deregulated expression of the HAS2 gene and/or alterations of HAS2 activity. The activity of HAS2 is regulated by post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination. In order to identify deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) that are involved in de-ubiquitination of HAS2, a complementary (cDNA) library of 69 Flag-HA-tagged human DUBs cloned into retroviral vectors was screened in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells for their ability to de-ubiquitinate myc-tagged HAS2. Several DUBs were found to decrease the ubiquitination of 6myc-HAS2, among which, the most effective were USP17 and USP4. USP17 efficiently removed polyubiquitination, whereas USP4 preferentially removed monoubiquitination of 6myc-HAS2. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed interactions between HAS2 and USP17, as well as between HAS2 and USP4, in membrane preparations of HEK293T cells. USP17 significantly stabilized 6myc-HAS2 protein levels, whereas USP4 did not. The silencing of USP17 led to decreased hyaluronan production, whereas the suppression of USP4 increased hyaluronan synthesis. Importantly, high levels of USP17 and HAS2 were detected in a panel of cancer cell lines compared to normal cells, and immunohistochemical stainings revealed higher expression of USP17 and HAS2 in tissues of lung cancer patients compared to normal tissue. In conclusion, USP17 and USP4 differently affect HAS2 ubiquitination, and the stability and function of HAS2.
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26
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Domingues MJ, Cao H, Heazlewood SY, Cao B, Nilsson SK. Niche Extracellular Matrix Components and Their Influence on HSC. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1984-1993. [PMID: 28112429 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) takes place in a highly specialized microenvironment within the bone marrow. Technological improvements, especially in the field of in vivo imaging, have helped unravel the complexity of the niche microenvironment and have completely changed the classical concept from what was previously believed to be a static supportive platform, to a dynamic microenvironment tightly regulating HSC homeostasis through the complex interplay between diverse cell types, secreted factors, extracellular matrix molecules, and the expression of different transmembrane receptors. To add to the complexity, non-protein based metabolites have also been recognized as a component of the bone marrow niche. The objective of this review is to discuss the current understanding on how the different extracellular matrix components of the niche regulate HSC fate, both during embryonic development and in adulthood. Special attention will be provided to the description of non-protein metabolites, such as lipids and metal ions, which contribute to the regulation of HSC behavior. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1984-1993, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie J Domingues
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Huimin Cao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shen Y Heazlewood
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Benjamin Cao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Susan K Nilsson
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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27
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Muggenthaler MMA, Chowdhury B, Hasan SN, Cross HE, Mark B, Harlalka GV, Patton MA, Ishida M, Behr ER, Sharma S, Zahka K, Faqeih E, Blakley B, Jackson M, Lees M, Dolinsky V, Cross L, Stanier P, Salter C, Baple EL, Alkuraya FS, Crosby AH, Triggs-Raine B, Chioza BA. Mutations in HYAL2, Encoding Hyaluronidase 2, Cause a Syndrome of Orofacial Clefting and Cor Triatriatum Sinister in Humans and Mice. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006470. [PMID: 28081210 PMCID: PMC5230738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefting is amongst the most common of birth defects, with both genetic and environmental components. Although numerous studies have been undertaken to investigate the complexities of the genetic etiology of this heterogeneous condition, this factor remains incompletely understood. Here, we describe mutations in the HYAL2 gene as a cause of syndromic orofacial clefting. HYAL2, encoding hyaluronidase 2, degrades extracellular hyaluronan, a critical component of the developing heart and palatal shelf matrix. Transfection assays demonstrated that the gene mutations destabilize the molecule, dramatically reducing HYAL2 protein levels. Consistent with the clinical presentation in affected individuals, investigations of Hyal2-/- mice revealed craniofacial abnormalities, including submucosal cleft palate. In addition, cor triatriatum sinister and hearing loss, identified in a proportion of Hyal2-/- mice, were also found as incompletely penetrant features in affected humans. Taken together our findings identify a new genetic cause of orofacial clefting in humans and mice, and define the first molecular cause of human cor triatriatum sinister, illustrating the fundamental importance of HYAL2 and hyaluronan turnover for normal human and mouse development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswajit Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - S. Naimul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harold E. Cross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Brian Mark
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gaurav V. Harlalka
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Patton
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Genetics Research Centre, St George’s University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miho Ishida
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elijah R. Behr
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- Cardiovascular Sciences Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Zahka
- Pediatric Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Children’s Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian Blakley
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mike Jackson
- Department of Small Animal and Materials Imaging Facility, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Melissa Lees
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vernon Dolinsky
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leroy Cross
- Windows of Hope Genetic Information Centre, Holmes County, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Philip Stanier
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Salter
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L. Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Fowzan S. Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew H. Crosby
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AHC); (BTR)
| | - Barbara Triggs-Raine
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail: (AHC); (BTR)
| | - Barry A. Chioza
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
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28
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Roeder SS, Barnes TJ, Lee JS, Kato I, Eng DG, Kaverina NV, Sunseri MW, Daniel C, Amann K, Pippin JW, Shankland SJ. Activated ERK1/2 increases CD44 in glomerular parietal epithelial cells leading to matrix expansion. Kidney Int 2016; 91:896-913. [PMID: 27998643 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein CD44 is barely detected in normal mouse and human glomeruli, but is increased in glomerular parietal epithelial cells following podocyte injury in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). To determine the biological role and regulation of CD44 in these cells, we employed an in vivo and in vitro approach. Experimental FSGS was induced in CD44 knockout and wild-type mice with a cytotoxic podocyte antibody. Albuminuria, focal and global glomerulosclerosis (periodic acid-Schiff stain), and collagen IV staining were lower in CD44 knockout compared with wild-type mice with FSGS. Parietal epithelial cells had lower migration from Bowman's capsule to the glomerular tuft in CD44 knockout mice with disease compared with wild type mice. In cultured murine parietal epithelial cells, overexpressing CD44 with a retroviral vector encoding CD44 was accompanied by significantly increased collagen IV expression and parietal epithelial cell migration. Because our results showed de novo co-staining for activated ERK1/2 (pERK) in parietal epithelial cells in experimental FSGS, and also in biopsies from patients with FSGS, two in vitro strategies were employed to prove that pERK regulated CD44 levels. First, mouse parietal epithelial cells were infected with a retroviral vector for the upstream kinase MEK-DD to increase pERK, which was accompanied by increased CD44 levels. Second, in CD44-overexpressing parietal epithelial cells, decreasing pERK with U0126 was accompanied by reduced CD44. Finally, parietal epithelial cell migration was higher in cells with increased and reduced in cells with decreased pERK. Thus, pERK is a regulator of CD44 expression, and increased CD44 expression leads to a pro-sclerotic and migratory parietal epithelial cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian S Roeder
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Taylor J Barnes
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jonathan S Lee
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - India Kato
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Diana G Eng
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Natalya V Kaverina
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria W Sunseri
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jeffrey W Pippin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stuart J Shankland
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Wu RL, Huang L, Zhao HC, Geng XP. Hyaluronic acid in digestive cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:1-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tauchi Y, Tanaka H, Kumamoto K, Tokumoto M, Sakimura C, Sakurai K, Kimura K, Toyokawa T, Amano R, Kubo N, Muguruma K, Yashiro M, Maeda K, Ohira M, Hirakawa K. Tumor-associated macrophages induce capillary morphogenesis of lymphatic endothelial cells derived from human gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1101-9. [PMID: 27227358 PMCID: PMC4982583 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor lymphangiogenesis is a major prognostic indicator of gastric cancer. Tumor‐induced inflammation has been shown to attract tumor‐associated macrophages that affect lymphangiogenesis. However, detailed mechanisms of macrophage‐induced lymphangiogenesis have not been elucidated. Here, we evaluated the interaction between tumor‐associated macrophages and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) derived from lymph nodes (LNs) of human gastric cancer. Lymphatic endothelial cells were directly or indirectly cocultured with macrophages from healthy human blood, with or without the supernatant of the gastric cancer cell line, OCUM‐12. We analyzed the effect of cancer pretreated macrophages and of macrophages from metastatic LNs of gastric cancer on LECs. We observed morphological changes of LECs in coculture and assessed the gene expression of possible lymphangiogenic molecules of macrophages and LECs after contact coculture, and of cancer pretreated macrophages, by quantitative RT‐PCR. Specimens of metastatic LN of gastric cancer were immunofluorescently stained. We found that tubulogenesis of LECs was observed only in the contact coculture model. OCUM‐12 cells promoted macrophage‐induced tubulogenesis of LECs. Relative gene expression of MMP and adhesion molecules was significantly upregulated in both capillary‐forming LECs and cocultured macrophages. Cancer pretreated macrophages upregulated lymphangiogenic factors including inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, adhesion molecules, and vascular endothelial growth factor‐C. Blocking of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 and macrophage activation suppressed tubulogenesis of LECs. Immunohistochemistry showed macrophages localized around lymphatic vessels. Our results suggested that interaction between LECs and macrophages may be an important initial step of tumor lymphangiogenesis developing LN metastasis. Understanding of its mechanisms could be useful for future therapeutics of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Tauchi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanako Kumamoto
- Department of Genetic Disease Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mao Tokumoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chie Sakimura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsunobu Sakurai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kimura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Amano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kubo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muguruma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Maeda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Chanmee T, Ontong P, Itano N. Hyaluronan: A modulator of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cao H, Heazlewood SY, Williams B, Cardozo D, Nigro J, Oteiza A, Nilsson SK. The role of CD44 in fetal and adult hematopoietic stem cell regulation. Haematologica 2015; 101:26-37. [PMID: 26546504 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.135921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout development, hematopoietic stem cells migrate to specific microenvironments, where their fate is, in part, extrinsically controlled. CD44 standard as a member of the cell adhesion molecule family is extensively expressed within adult bone marrow and has been previously reported to play important roles in adult hematopoietic regulation via CD44 standard-ligand interactions. In this manuscript, CD44 expression and function are further assessed and characterized on both fetal and adult hematopoietic stem cells. Using a CD44(-/-) mouse model, conserved functional roles of CD44 are revealed throughout development. CD44 is critical in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor pools, as well as in hematopoietic stem cell migration. CD44 expression on hematopoietic stem cells as well as other hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow microenvironment is important in the homing and lodgment of adult hematopoietic stem cells isolated from the bone/bone marrow interface. CD44 is also involved in fetal hematopoietic stem cell migration out of the liver, via a process involving stromal cell-derived factor-1α. The absence of CD44 in neonatal bone marrow has no impact on the size of the long-term reconstituting hematopoietic stem cell pool, but results in an enhanced long-term engraftment potential of hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Cao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shen Y Heazlewood
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brenda Williams
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniela Cardozo
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie Nigro
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ana Oteiza
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Norway
| | - Susan K Nilsson
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Bedal KB, Grässel S, Spanier G, Reichert TE, Bauer RJ. The NC11 domain of human collagen XVI induces vasculogenic mimicry in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:1429-39. [PMID: 26424749 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen XVI, a fibril-associated collagen with interrupted triple helix (FACIT) collagen, is involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and glioblastoma progression. The NC11 domain of collagen XVI has been described previously with a strong implication in physiological processes. We detected the non-collagenous (NC) 11-domain in supernatants of OSCC cells after recombinant expression of full-length collagen XVI and in sera from OSCC patients and healthy individuals. Stable expression of NC11-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein in OSCC cells initiated proliferation control and block of anchorage-independent growth. Moreover, the NC11 domain triggered the generation of tubular-like net structures on laminin-rich matrix in contrast to mock-GFP control cells and cells expressing full-length collagen XVI. Taqman® quantitative PCR and diaminobenzidine staining in 2D- and 3D cell culture revealed a significantly increased gene and protein expression of VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and uPAR in recombinant NC11-GFP-expressing cells. Specific VEGF receptor inhibition with Axitinib or fetal calf serum heat inactivation prevented formation of tubular-like net structures. Accordantly, NC11-GFP coated culture slides led to an increase of focal adhesion contact formation and the upregulation of VEGFR1 and uPAR in three different non-transfected OSCC cell lines. In summary, we suggest that the NC11 domain of collagen XVI is a potential biomarker for OSCC and triggers vasculogenic mimicry via upregulation of endothelial receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and uPAR in 2D- and 3D OSCC cell culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstanze B Bedal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg 93059, 93053 Regensburg, Germany, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I 93053, Regensburg, Germany and
| | - Susanne Grässel
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I 93053, Regensburg, Germany and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, University Hospital Regensburg 93059, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg 93059, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg 93059, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Richard J Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg 93059, 93053 Regensburg, Germany, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark I 93053, Regensburg, Germany and
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McCaughan GW, Bertolino P, Bowen DG. Could The Morning After liver transplant be immunologically interesting? Liver Transpl 2015; 21:1120-2. [PMID: 26084266 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W McCaughan
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Bertolino
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - David G Bowen
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Raschzok N, Reutzel-Selke A, Schmuck RB, Morgul MH, Gauger U, Prabowo KA, Tannus LM, Leder A, Struecker B, Boas-Knoop S, Bartels M, Jonas S, Lojewski C, Puhl G, Seehofer D, Bahra M, Pascher A, Pratschke J, Sauer IM. CD44 and CXCL9 serum protein levels predict the risk of clinically significant allograft rejection after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2015; 21:1195-207. [PMID: 25950774 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of acute cellular rejection (ACR) after liver transplantation is based on histological analysis of biopsies because noninvasive biomarkers for allograft rejection are not yet established for clinical routines. CD31, CD44, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 9 have previously been described as biomarkers for cross-organ allograft rejection. Here, we assessed the predictive and diagnostic value of these proteins as serum biomarkers for clinically significant ACR in the first 6 months after liver transplantation in a prospective study. The protein levels were measured in 94 patients immediately before transplantation, at postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, 7, and 14 and when biopsies were performed during episodes of biochemical graft dysfunction. The CD44 serum protein levels were significantly lower at POD 1 in patients who experienced histologically proven ACR in the follow-up compared with patients without ACR (P < 0.001). CXCL9 was significantly higher before transplantation (P = 0.049) and at POD 1 (P < 0.001) in these patients. Low CD44 values (cutoff, <200.5 ng/mL) or high CXCL9 values (cutoff, >2.7 ng/mL) at POD 1 differentiated between rejection and no rejection with a sensitivity of 88% or 60% and a specificity of 61% or 79%, respectively. The combination of both biomarker cutoffs at POD 1 had a positive predictive value of 91% and a negative predictive value of 67% for clinically significant ACR. Moreover, CD44 was significantly lower at the time of ACR (P < 0.001) and differentiated the rejection group from patients with graft dysfunction due to other reasons. Our results suggest that CD44 and CXCL9 may serve as predictive biomarkers to identify liver allograft recipients at risk for clinically significant ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Raschzok
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Reutzel-Selke
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosa Bianca Schmuck
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mehmet Haluk Morgul
- Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Kukuh Aji Prabowo
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura-Marie Tannus
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Leder
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Struecker
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Boas-Knoop
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bartels
- Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Jonas
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Christian Lojewski
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gero Puhl
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Bahra
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pascher
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Maximilian Sauer
- General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Vascular integrity or the maintenance of blood vessel continuity is a fundamental process regulated by endothelial cell-cell junctions. Defects in endothelial barrier function are an initiating factor in several disease processes including tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. The glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronan (HA), maintains vascular integrity through specific mechanisms including HA-binding protein signaling in caveolin-enriched microdomains, a subset of lipid rafts. Certain disease states, including cancer, increase enzymatic hyaluronidase activity and reactive oxygen species generation, which break down high molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) to low molecular weight fragments (LMW-HA). LMW-HA can activate specific HA-binding proteins during tumor progression to promote disruption of endothelial cell-cell contacts. In contrast, exogenous administration of HMW-HA promotes enhancement of vascular integrity. This review focuses on the roles of HA in regulating angiogenic and metastatic processes based on its size and the HA-binding proteins present. Further, potential therapeutic applications of HMW-HA in treating cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Singleton
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Khaing ZZ, Seidlits SK. Hyaluronic acid and neural stem cells: implications for biomaterial design. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7850-7866. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00974j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
While in the past hyaluronic acid (HA) was considered a passive structural component, research over the past few decades has revealed its diverse and complex biological functions resulting in a major ideological shift. This review describes recent advances in biological interactions of HA with neural stem cells, with a focus on leveraging these interactions to develop advanced biomaterials that aid regeneration of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Z. Khaing
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine
- University of Washington
- USA
| | - Stephanie K. Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering
- Brain Research Institute
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
- University of California Los Angeles
- USA
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Lennon FE, Mirzapoiazova T, Mambetsariev N, Mambetsariev B, Salgia R, Singleton PA. Transactivation of the receptor-tyrosine kinase ephrin receptor A2 is required for the low molecular weight hyaluronan-mediated angiogenesis that is implicated in tumor progression. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:24043-58. [PMID: 25023279 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.554766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis or the formation of new blood vessels is important in the growth and metastatic potential of various cancers. Therefore, understanding the mechanism(s) by which angiogenesis occurs can have important therapeutic implications in numerous malignancies. We and others have demonstrated that low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA, ∼2500 Da) promotes endothelial cell (EC) barrier disruption and angiogenesis. However, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs is poorly defined. Our data indicate that treatment of human EC with LMW-HA induced CD44v10 association with the receptor-tyrosine kinase, EphA2, transactivation (tyrosine phosphorylation) of EphA2, and recruitment of the PDZ domain scaffolding protein, PATJ, to the cell periphery. Silencing (siRNA) CD44, EphA2, PATJ, or Dbs (RhoGEF) expression blocked LMW-HA-mediated angiogenesis (EC proliferation, migration, and tubule formation). In addition, silencing EphA2, PATJ, Src, or Dbs expression blocked LMW-HA-mediated RhoA activation. To translate our in vitro findings, we utilized a novel anginex/liposomal targeting of murine angiogenic endothelium with either CD44 or EphA2 siRNA and observed inhibition of LMW-HA-induced angiogenesis in implanted Matrigel plugs. Taken together, these results indicate LMW-HA-mediated transactivation of EphA2 is required for PATJ and Dbs membrane recruitment and subsequent RhoA activation required for angiogenesis. These results suggest that targeting downstream effectors of LMW-HA could be a useful therapeutic intervention for angiogenesis-associated diseases including tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances E Lennon
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
| | | | | | - Bolot Mambetsariev
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Section of Hematology and Oncology University of Chicago, Chicago Illinois 60637
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Abstract
Metastatic spread of breast cancer cells, facilitated by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, is responsible for the majority of breast cancer mortality. Increased levels of hyaluronan due to deregulation of hyaluronan-synthesizing enzymes, like HAS2, and expression of CD44, the key receptor for hyaluronan, are correlated to poor outcome of patients with basal-like breast cancer. TGFβ induces HAS2 and CD44, both of which are required in the course of efficient TGFβ-induced EMT processes by mammary epithelial cells. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-stroma interactions in breast cancer including the regulation of HAS2 and CD44 expression may contribute to the development of better strategies to treat breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Heldin
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Kaustuv Basu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Inna Kozlova
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Porsch
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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