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Wang X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu T. Relationship between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity and risk of type 2 diabetes in different ethnicity: a prospective cohort study in southwest China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2798. [PMID: 39396945 PMCID: PMC11472488 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20254-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To estimate and compare the association between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among different ethnic groups in southwest China, while also exploring possible ethnic differences. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of 6,820 participants in Southwest China. MHO was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2 and the presence of ≤ 1 component of metabolic syndrome. Cox proportional risk models were utilized to analyze the association between MHO and the risk of T2DM. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 6.58 years, during which 708 new cases of T2DM were diagnosed. In the total population, after adjusting for confounding factors, MHO was found to increase the risk of T2DM compared to metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) individuals (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.15-1.93). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that, MHO increased the risk of T2DM in the Han population (HR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.21-2.23), however, the difference was not statistically significant in the ethnic minority population.The results of sensitivity analysis further supported the robustness of these findings. Meanwhile, stratified by sex, age, and urban/rural, it was found that ethnic differences in the association between MHO and T2DM still existed, however, it is important to note that the association between MHO and T2DM was not statistically significant in the Han population subgroup aged ≥ 45 years (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION MHO was associated with an increased risk of T2DM compared to MHNW, and there are ethnic differences. Future interventions need to be strengthened for Han Chinese key populations to reduce the risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yanli Wu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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dSec16 Acting in Insulin-like Peptide Producing Cells Controls Energy Homeostasis in Drosophila. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010081. [PMID: 36676030 PMCID: PMC9862641 DOI: 10.3390/life13010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Many studies show that genetics play a major contribution to the onset of obesity. Human genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of genes that are associated with obesity. However, the majority of them have not been functionally validated. SEC16B has been identified in multiple obesity GWASs but its physiological role in energy homeostasis remains unknown. Here, we use Drosophila to determine the physiological functions of dSec16 in energy metabolism. Our results showed that global RNAi of dSec16 increased food intake and triglyceride (TAG) levels. Furthermore, this TAG increase was observed in flies with a specific RNAi of dSec16 in insulin-like peptide producing cells (IPCs) with an alteration of endocrine peptides. Together, our study demonstrates that dSec16 acting in IPCs controls energy balance and advances the molecular understanding of obesity.
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Franzago M, Porreca A, D’Ardes M, Di Nicola M, Di Tizio L, Liberati M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. The Obesogenic Environment: Epigenetic Modifications in Placental Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene Connected to Gestational Diabetes and Smoking. Front Nutr 2022; 9:879526. [PMID: 35571924 PMCID: PMC9100829 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.879526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal metabolic insults as well as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) influence the fetal health and may affect ‘offspring’s susceptibility to chronic diseases via epigenetic modifications. GDM, the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, can be considered the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. A critical point in this view is the identification of genes which are epigenetically modified under the influence of GDM. The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene plays a crucial role in nutritional health by suppressing appetite and participating in energy control regulation. The correlations between pregnant ‘women’s metabolic profiles and placental epigenetic modifications of this gene have been poorly investigated. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GDM and maternal clinical parameters at the third trimester of pregnancy to DNA methylation levels in the placenta at CpG sites of MC4R gene. Design and Methods Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, Mediterranean diet adherence, smoking habits, and physical activity were assessed at the third trimester of pregnancy of 60 Caucasian pregnant women, of which 33 with GDM. Clinical parameters of the newborns were recorded at birth. MC4R DNA methylation on maternal and fetal sides of the placenta was analyzed using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Results MC4R DNA methylation levels at CpG1 and CpG2 were lower on the fetal side of the placenta in GDM-affected women than in non-GDM-affected recruits (p = 0.033). Moreover, DNA methylation levels on the maternal side at CpG1 were positively related to glucose concentration at 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). On the other hand, CpG2 DNA methylation was positively related to both 1-h and 2-h during OGTT. Maternal DNA methylation level at CpG2 was also associated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at the third trimester of pregnancy (rho = 0.340, p < 0.05), while CpG1 methylation was negatively related to maternal weight variations at delivery (rho = −0.316, p < 0.05). Significant associations between MC4R DNA methylation on the maternal side and lipid profile at third trimester of pregnancy in women smokers were found. Conclusion Our results suggest that MC4R methylation profile in the placenta is related to maternal metabolic and nutritional conditions, potentially affecting fetal programming and the future metabolic health of the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annamaria Porreca
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario D’Ardes
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luciano Di Tizio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Liberati
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ester Vitacolonna,
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Xie XQ, Cai DG, Yang Q. Lack of association between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and risk of type 2 diabetes: A protocol for meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23305. [PMID: 33578508 PMCID: PMC7886482 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) rs6265 polymorphism has been previously suggested to be associated with the susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but results remained controversial. We aim to provide a more reliable conclusion about the association between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and T2DM risk by using a meta-analysis. METHODS Electronic databases such as Pubmed, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched for relevant articles published up to May 06, 2020. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of the associations. Subgroup analysis was carried out according to source of controls and quality score of included studies. A trial sequential analysis was conducted to reduce the risk of type I error. RESULTS A total of 8 case-control studies (7 conducted in China) with 1576 T2DM patients and 1866 controls were included. Overall, our results indicated no significant association between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and T2DM risk with the random-effects model (allele model: pooled OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.79-1.65, homozygote model: pooled OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.57-2.21, heterozygote model: pooled OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.78-1.48, dominant model: pooled OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.74-1.75 and recessive model: pooled OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.67-1.80). Subgroup analysis by source of controls and quality score also showed no significant association between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and T2DM risk. Trial sequential analysis results confirmed the null association and further studies were unnecessary. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis study indicated that no significant association between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and T2DM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quan Yang
- Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Obesity-related loci in TMEM18, CDKAL1 and FAIM2 are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han patients. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:65. [PMID: 32228543 PMCID: PMC7106578 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-00999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Several obesity susceptibility loci in genes, including GNPDA2, SH2B1, TMEM18, MTCH2, CDKAL1, FAIM2, and MC4R, have been identified by genome-wide association studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these loci are associated with the concurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han patients. Methods Using the SNaPshot technique, we genotyped seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 439 Chinese patients living in Northeast China who presented at The Second Hospital of Jilin University. We analyzed the associations between these seven alleles and clinical characteristics. Results Risk alleles near TMEM18 (rs6548238) were associated with increased waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; risk alleles of CDKAL1 (rs7754840) were associated with increased waist circumference and waist/hip ratio; and FAIM2 (rs7138803) risk alleles were linked to increased BMI, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for sex and age, loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238) and FAIM2 (rs7138803), but not SH2B1 (rs7498665), near GNPDA2 (rs10938397), MTCH2 (rs10838738) and near MC4R (rs12970134), were associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. Conclusion We found that loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238), CDKAL1 (rs7754840), and FAIM2 (rs7138803) may be associated with obesity-related indicators, and loci near TMEM18 (rs6548238) and FAIM2 (rs7138803) may increase susceptibility of concurrent type 2 diabetes associated with obesity.
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Cao M, Zhang L, Chen T, Shi A, Xie K, Li Z, Xu J, Chen Z, Ji C, Wen J. Genetic Susceptibility to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32390949 PMCID: PMC7188786 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: New genetic variants associated with susceptibility to obesity and metabolic diseases have been discovered in recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of theses risk variants with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: We performed a case-control study including 964 unrelated pregnant women with GDM and 1,021 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (as controls). A total of 33 genetic variants confirmed by GWA studies for obesity and metabolic diseases were selected and measured. Results: We observed that FTO rs1121980 and KCNQ1 rs163182 conferred a decreased GDM risk in the dominant and additive model [additive model: OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.67-0.94), P = 0.007 for rs1121980; OR(95%CI) = 0.84 (0.73-0.96), P = 0.009 for rs163182], whereas MC4R rs12970134 and PROX1 rs340841 conferred an increased GDM risk in the dominant, recessive, and additive model [additive model: OR(95%CI) = 1.25 (1.07-1.46), P = 0.006 for rs12970134; OR(95%CI) = 1.22 (1.07-1.39), P = 0.002 for rs340841). With the increasing number of risk alleles of the four significant SNPs, GDM risk was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (Ptrend < 0.001). And the significant positive associations between the weighted genetic risk score and risk of GDM persisted. Further function annotation indicated that these four SNPs may fall on the functional elements of human pancreatic islets. The genotype-phenotype associations indicated that these SNPs may contribute to GDM by affecting the expression levels of their nearby or distant genes. Conclusion: Our study suggests that FTO rs1121980, KCNQ1 rs163182, MC4R rs12970134, and PROX1 rs340841 may be markers for susceptibility to GDM in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkai Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiwu Shi
- Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengying Li
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong Chen
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Chenbo Ji
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Juan Wen
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Postolache TT, del Bosque-Plata L, Jabbour S, Vergare M, Wu R, Gragnoli C. Co-shared genetics and possible risk gene pathway partially explain the comorbidity of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2019; 180:186-203. [PMID: 30729689 PMCID: PMC6492942 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in treatment-naive patients are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). SCZ, MDD, T2D, and MetS are often comorbid and their comorbidity increases cardiovascular risk: Some risk genes are likely co-shared by them. For instance, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 9 (PSMD9) are two genes independently reported as contributing to T2D and SCZ, and PSMD9 to MDD as well. However, there are scarce data on the shared genetic risk among SCZ, MDD, T2D, and/or MetS. Here, we briefly describe T2D, MetS, SCZ, and MDD and their genetic architecture. Next, we report separately about the comorbidity of SCZ and MDD with T2D and MetS, and their respective genetic overlap. We propose a novel hypothesis that genes of the prolactin (PRL)-pathway may be implicated in the comorbidity of these disorders. The inherited predisposition of patients with SCZ and MDD to psychoneuroendocrine dysfunction may confer increased risk of T2D and MetS. We illustrate a strategy to identify risk variants in each disorder and in their comorbid psychoneuroendocrine and mental-metabolic dysfunctions, advocating for studies of genetically homogeneous and phenotype-rich families. The results will guide future studies of the shared predisposition and molecular genetics of new homogeneous endophenotypes of SCZ, MDD, and metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor T. Postolache
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, Colorado,Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laura del Bosque-Plata
- National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomic Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Serge Jabbour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Disease, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Vergare
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rongling Wu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania,Department of Statistics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Claudia Gragnoli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Disease, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health Center, Rome, Italy
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Song QY, Meng XR, Hinney A, Song JY, Huang T, Ma J, Wang HJ. Waist-hip ratio related genetic loci are associated with risk of impaired fasting glucose in Chinese children: a case control study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:34. [PMID: 29755575 PMCID: PMC5934898 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies identified several waist-hip ratio (WHR) related loci in individuals of European ancestry. Since the pattern of fat distribution and the relationship between fat distribution and glucose metabolism disturbance in Chinese are different from those in Europeans, the present study aimed to explore the individual and cumulative effects of WHR-related loci on glycemic phenotypes in Chinese children. Methods A total of 2030 children were recruited from two independent studies. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected and genotyped using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Logistic regression and linear regression model were used to examine the association of 11 SNPs and genetic risk score (GRS) with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), respectively. Results Three SNPs (rs6795735, rs984222 and rs1011731) were nominally associated with IFG (all P < 0.05). Each WHR-increasing (C) allele of rs6795735 (ADAMTS9) was associated with a 40.1% increased risk of IFG (OR = 1.401, 95% CI = 1.131–1.735, P = 0.002), which remained significant after Bonferroni correction. We observed no association of both weighted and unweighted GRS with FPG and IFG (all P > 0.05). Conclusions We identified individual effects of rs6795735 (ADAMTS9), rs984222 (TBX15-WARS2), and rs1011731 (DNM3-PIGC) on glycemic phenotypes in Chinese children for the first time. The study suggests that genetic predisposition to central obesity is associated with impaired fasting glucose, providing more evidence for the pathogenesis of diabetes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-018-0270-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ying Song
- 1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Xiang-Rui Meng
- 2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China.,3Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population and Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jie-Yun Song
- 2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Tao Huang
- 5Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Jun Ma
- 2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Hai-Jun Wang
- 1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
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Wang T, Zhang R, Ma X, Wang S, He Z, Huang Y, Xu B, Li Y, Zhang H, Jiang F, Bao Y, Hu C, Jia W. Causal Association of Overall Obesity and Abdominal Obesity with Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:934-942. [PMID: 29630776 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the causal effect of overall obesity and abdominal obesity on type 2 diabetes among Chinese Han individuals. METHODS The causal relationship of BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with the risk of glucose deterioration and glycemic traits was compared using two different genetic instruments based on 30 BMI loci and 6 WHR loci with Mendelian randomization (MR) in three prospective cohorts (n = 6,476). RESULTS Each 1-SD genetically instrumented higher WHR was associated with a 65.7% higher risk of glucose deterioration (95% CI = 1.069-2.569, P = 0.024), whereas no significant association of BMI with glucose deterioration was observed. Furthermore, a causal relationship was found only between BMI and homeostatic model assessment β-cell function (HOMA-B) (β = 0.143, P = 0.001), and there was a nominal association with Stumvoll second-phase insulin secretion traits (β = 0.074, P = 0.022). The significance level did not persist in sensitivity analyses, except in the causal estimate of WHR on the Gutt index in MR-Egger (β = -0.379, P = 0.022) and the causal estimate of BMI on homeostatic model assessment β-cell function in weighted median MR (β = 0.128, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS The data from this study support the potential causal relationship between abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia, which may be driven by aggravated insulin resistance, in contrast with the potential causal relationship between overall obesity and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyun Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen He
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeping Huang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Ye Q, Fu JF. Paediatric type 2 diabetes in China-Pandemic, progression, and potential solutions. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:27-35. [PMID: 28326652 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
China is gradually taking its place as one of the world's economic giants and concurrently learning to cope with the burden of diseases that are more common in the developed world, such as paediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been recently observed among children and adolescents in China; hence, there is a lack of information about the incidence, prevalence, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of the disease. Diagnosis, treatment, and management have been standardized to a large degree, but there is still a need for data regarding optimal management protocols and how to achieve the best control over current state of the disease. The objective of this review is to consolidate the available information about paediatric diabetes, with a focus on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese youth. Here we emphasize the prevention strategies and have included literature with respect to pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment published in English and Chinese within the past 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fen Fu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang CY, Liu S, Xie XN, Luo ZY, Yang L, Tan ZR. Association between polymorphisms in SLC15A1 and PLA2G16 genes and development of obesity in Chinese subjects. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:439-446. [PMID: 30174451 PMCID: PMC6110659 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s161808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The small peptide transporter 1 (PepT-1) and adipose phospholipase A2 (AdPLA) play a key role in the development of obesity. However, there are no data assessing the impact of PepT-1 (SLC15A1) and AdPLA (PLA2G16) variants on obesity susceptibility. Therefore, we assessed the contribution of 9 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between these two genes on obesity susceptibility in Chinese subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 611 participants were enrolled in the study, and 9 SNPs in the SLC15A1 and PLA2G16 genes were selected. Blood samples were collected for genotyping. Overweight and obesity were established by body mass index. Regression analyses were performed to test for any association of genetic polymorphisms with weight abnormality. RESULTS The genotype frequencies (P=0.04 for rs9557029, P=0.027 for rs1289389) were significantly different between obese or overweight subjects and healthy controls. However, no significant difference in allele was found between these three groups (P>0.05). Further logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and sex also failed to reveal significant associations between overweight, obesity, and the selected SNPs (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Data indicate that the selected 9 SNPs in SLC15A1 and PLA2G16 genes were not related to obesity susceptibility in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xiao-Nv Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Zhi-Ying Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Zhi-Rong Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China, ;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, People's Republic of China, ;
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Cognition, serum BDNF levels, and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in type 2 diabetes patients and healthy controls. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3653-3662. [PMID: 29423073 PMCID: PMC5790490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with cognitive deficits. However, their pathophysiological mechanisms are still unknown. Recent study suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is correlated with cognitive deficits in T2DM patients. This study was to determine whether altered serum BDNF levels and cognitive deficits depended on the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in T2DM. Results The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism may not contribute directly to the susceptibility to T2DM. The total and nearly all index scores (all p < 0.01) except for the attention and visuospatial/constructional indexes (both p > 0.05) of RBANS were markedly decreased in T2DM compared with healthy controls. Serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients than that in controls (p < 0.001), and BDNF was positively associated with delayed memory in patients (p < 0.05). The Met variant was associated with worse delayed memory performance among T2DM patients but not among normal controls. Moreover, serum BDNF was positively associated with delayed memory among Met homozygote patients (β = 0.29, t = 2.21, p = 0.033), while serum BDNF was negatively associated the RBANS total score (β = –0.92, t = –3.40, p = 0.002) and language index (β = −1.17, t = –3.54, p = 0.001) among Val homozygote T2DM patients. Conclusions BDNF gene Val66Met variation may be associated with cognitive deficits in T2DM, especially with delayed memory. The association between lower BDNF serum levels and cognitive impairment in T2DM is dependent on the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. Methods We recruited 311 T2DM patients and 346 healthy controls and compared them on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), serum BDNF levels, and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism.
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de Carvalho AM, Shao P, Liu H, Cheng HL, Zheng Y, Leng J, Li W, Huang T, Wang T, Wang L, Zhang S, Hu G, Qi L. The MC4R genotype is associated with postpartum weight reduction and glycemic changes among women with prior gestational diabetes: longitudinal analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9654. [PMID: 28852042 PMCID: PMC5575005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic variants near the Melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R), a key protein regulating energy balance and adiposity, have been related to obesity and glucose metabolism. We aimed to assess whether the MC4R genotype affected longitudinal changes in body weight and glucose metabolism biomarkers among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The MC4R genotype, postpartum weight reduction, and glycemic changes between after delivery and pregnancy were assessed in a cohort of 1208 Chinese women who had experienced GDM. The adiposity-increasing allele (C) of the MC4R variant rs6567160 was associated with greater postpartum increase of HbA1c (β = 0.08%; P = 0.03) and 2-hour OGTT glucose concentrations (β = 0.25 mmol/L; P = 0.02). In addition, we found an interaction between the MC4R genotype and postpartum weight reduction on changes in fasting plasma glucose (P-interaction = 0.03). We found that the MC4R genotype was associated with postpartum glycemic changes; and the association with fasting glucose were significantly modified by postpartum weight reduction in women who had experienced GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Martins de Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo School of Public Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ping Shao
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikun Liu
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Han-Ling Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiqin Li
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leishen Wang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Tianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Miranda-Lora AL, Cruz M, Aguirre-Hernández J, Molina-Díaz M, Gutiérrez J, Flores-Huerta S, Klünder-Klünder M. Exploring single nucleotide polymorphisms previously related to obesity and metabolic traits in pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:653-662. [PMID: PMID: 28401323 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-0987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the association of 64 obesity-related polymorphisms with pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes and other glucose- and insulin-related traits in Mexican children. METHODS Case-control and case-sibling designs were followed. We studied 99 patients with pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes, their siblings (n = 101) without diabetes, 83 unrelated pediatric controls and 137 adult controls. Genotypes were determined for 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and a possible association was examined between those genotypes and type 2 diabetes and other quantitative traits, after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index. RESULTS In the case-pediatric control and case-adult control analyses, five polymorphisms were associated with increased likelihood of pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes; only one of these polymorphisms (CADM2/rs1307880) also showed a consistent effect in the case-sibling analysis. The associations in the combined analysis were as follows: ADORA1/rs903361 (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2; 3.0); CADM2/rs13078807 (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2; 4.0); GNPDA2/rs10938397 (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4; 3.7); VEGFA/rs6905288 (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1; 2.1) and FTO/rs9939609 (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0; 3.2). We also identified 16 polymorphisms nominally associated with quantitative traits in participants without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS ADORA/rs903361, CADM2/rs13078807, GNPDA2/rs10938397, VEGFA/rs6905288 and FTO/rs9939609 are associated with an increased risk of pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Aguirre-Hernández
- Laboratory of Genomics, Genetics and Bioinformatics, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Molina-Díaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Gutiérrez
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Samuel Flores-Huerta
- Department of Community Health Research, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Department of Community Health Research, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Research Committee, Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Zhu X, Yang L, Xu F, Lin L, Zheng G. Combination therapy with catechins and caffeine inhibits fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:688-694. [PMID: 28352352 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechins and caffeine, which are green tea components, have a slimming effect; however, the combinational effect of fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 cells remains unclear. In the present study, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with catechins and caffeine in combination, and it was found that combination therapy with catechins and caffeine markedly reduced intracellular fat accumulation, mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α in the early stage of cell differentiation were significantly reduced, and mRNA expression of fatty acid synthetase(FAS) andglycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein expression levels of FAS were downregulated. Noradrenaline-induced lipolysis was enhanced by caffeine, which markedly increased the protein expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone sensitive lipase. These results indicated that combination therapy with catechins and caffeine synergistically inhibited lipid accumulation by regulating the gene and protein expression levels of lipid metabolism-related enzymes. Therefore, catechins and caffeine combination therapy has potential as a functional food that may be used to prevent obesity and lifestyle-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Licong Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Lezhen Lin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
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Liang J, Sun Y, Liu X, Zhu Y, Pei Y, Wang Y, Qiu Q, Yang M, Qi L. Genetic predisposition to obesity is associated with insulin secretion in Chinese adults: The Cardiometabolic Risk in Chinese (CRC) study. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:1229-33. [PMID: 27324702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The etiological role of obesity in determining diabetes risk among Asians may be different from that among Caucasians. The current study aimed to investigate the association between genetic predisposition to obesity and measures of insulin secretion and resistance in a large Chinese cohort. METHODS Study samples were from a community-based health examination survey in central China. A total of 2058 subjects with available biomarkers levels were included in the present study. A genetic risk score (GRS) of obesity was derived on the basis of thirteen Asian-specific body mass index (BMI)-associated variants. RESULTS High obesity GRS was significantly associated with increased homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-B score (β=7.309; P=0.001) but not related to measures of insulin resistance. Adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and levels of lipids did not appreciably change the results. In addition, we found significant interactions between the obesity GRS and measures of body fat distribution including waist circumference (WC; P for interaction=0.004) and neck circumference (NC; P for interaction=0.014) on HOMA-B score. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that genetic predisposition to obesity may affect beta cell function in Chinese; and body fat distribution may modify the genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Jiangsu 221009, China; Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China.
| | - Yuting Sun
- Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology of Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Jiangsu 221009, China; Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Ying Pei
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Jiangsu 221009, China; Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Qinqin Qiu
- Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Manqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Institute of Diabetes, Jiangsu 221009, China; Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Kong X, Xing X, Hong J, Zhang X, Yang W. Genetic variants associated with lean and obese type 2 diabetes in a Han Chinese population: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3841. [PMID: 27281091 PMCID: PMC4907669 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is highly phenotypically heterogeneous. Genetics of the heterogeneity of lean and obese T2D is not clear. The aim of the present study was to identify the associations of T2D-related genetic variants with the risks for lean and obese T2D among the Chinese Han population. A case-control study consisting of 5338 T2D patients and 4663 normal glycemic controls of Chinese Han recruited in the Chinese National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study was conducted. T2D cases were identified according to the 1999 World Health Organization criteria. Lean T2D was defined as T2D patient with a body mass index (BMI) <23 kg/m, whereas obese T2D was defined as T2D patient with a BMI ≥28 kg/m. Twenty-five genome-wide association studies previously validated T2D-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped. A genotype risk score (GRS) based on the 25 SNPs was created. After adjusting for multiple covariates, SNPs in or near CDKAL1, CDKN2BAS, KCNQ1, TCF7L2, CDC123/CAMK1D, HHEX, and TCF2 were associated with the risk for lean T2D, and SNPs in or near KCNQ1 and FTO were associated with the risk for obese T2D. The results showed that the GRS for 25 T2D-related SNPs was more strongly associated with the risk for lean T2D (Ptrend = 2.66 × 10) than for obese T2D (Ptrend = 2.91 × 10) in our study population. Notably, the T2D GRS contributed to lower obesity-related measurements and greater β-cell dysfunction, including lower insulin levels in oral glucose tolerance test, decreased insulinogenic index, and Homeostasis Model Assessment for β-cell Function. In conclusion, our findings identified T2D-related genetic loci that contribute to the risk of lean and obese T2D individually and additively in a Chinese Han population. Moreover, the study highlights the contribution of known T2D genomic loci to the heterogeneity of lean and obese T2D in Chinese Hans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenying Yang
- ∗Correspondence: Wenying Yang, Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P.R. China (e-mail: )
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Gragnoli C, Reeves GM, Reazer J, Postolache TT. Dopamine-prolactin pathway potentially contributes to the schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes comorbidity. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e785. [PMID: 27093067 PMCID: PMC4872408 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are clinically associated, and common knowledge attributes this association to side effects of antipsychotic treatment. However, even drug-naive patients with SCZ are at increased risk for T2D. Dopamine dysfunction has a central role in SCZ. It is well-known that dopamine constitutively inhibits prolactin (PRL) secretion via the dopamine receptor 2 (DR2D). If dopamine is increased or if dopamine receptors hyperfunction, PRL may be reduced. During the first SCZ episode, low PRL levels are associated with worse symptoms. PRL is essential in human and social bonding, as well as it is implicated in glucose homeostasis. Dopamine dysfunction, beyond contributing to SCZ symptoms, may lead to altered appetite and T2D. To our knowledge, there are no studies of the genetics of the SCZ-T2D comorbidity focusing jointly on the dopamine and PRL pathway in the attempt to capture molecular heterogeneity correlated to possible disease manifestation heterogeneity. In this dopamine-PRL pathway-focused-hypothesis-driven review on the association of SCZ with T2D, we report a specific revision of what it is known about PRL and dopamine in relation to what we theorize is one of the missing links between the two disorders. We suggest that new studies are necessary to establish the genetic role of PRL and dopamine pathway in SCZ-T2D comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gragnoli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA,Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health Center, Rome, Italy,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, Learning Resource Center, L14, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA. E-mail:
| | - G M Reeves
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Reazer
- Borland Health Sciences Library, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - T T Postolache
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Denver, CO, USA,Veterans Integrated Service Network 5 MIRECC, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Joint effects of diabetic-related genomic loci on the therapeutic efficacy of oral anti-diabetic drugs in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23266. [PMID: 26983698 PMCID: PMC4794654 DOI: 10.1038/srep23266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous pharmacogenomic studies of oral anti-diabetic drugs have primarily focused on the effect of a single site. This study aimed to examine the joint effects of multiple loci on repaglinide or rosiglitazone efficacy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. A total of 209 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were randomly assigned to treatment with repaglinide or rosiglitazone for 48 weeks. The reductions in fasting glucose (ΔFPG), 2h glucose (Δ2hPG) and glycated hemoglobin (ΔHbA1c) levels were significantly associated with genetic score that was constructed using the sum of the effect alleles both in the repaglinide (P = 0.0011, 0.0002 and 0.0067, respectively) and rosiglitazone cohorts (P = 0.0002, 0.0014 and 0.0164, respectively) after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index and dosage. Survival analyses showed a trend towards a greater attainment rate of target HbA1c level in individuals with a high genetic score in the repaglinide cohort and rosiglitazone cohort (Plog-rank = 0.0815 and 0.0867, respectively) when the attainment of treatment targets were defined as more than 20% decrease of FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c levels after treatment. In conclusion, we identified the joint effects of several T2DM-related loci on the efficacy of oral anti-diabetic drugs; moreover, we built a model to predict the drug efficacy.
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Song Z, Qiu L, Hu Z, Liu J, Liu D, Hou D. Evaluation of the Obesity Genes FTO and MC4R for Contribution to the Risk of Large Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke in a Chinese Population. Obes Facts 2016; 9:353-362. [PMID: 27701175 PMCID: PMC5644882 DOI: 10.1159/000448588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a well-established risk factor for large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. The aim of the study was to explore whether obesity genes, such as MC4R and FTO, contribute to LAA stroke risk in the Chinese Han population. METHODS 322 LAA stroke patients and 473 controls were recruited. Gene polymorphism of MC4R (rs17782313) and FTO (rs8050136 and rs9939609) were genotyped. RESULTS No differences were observed in genotype frequencies of variants of FTO (rs8050136 and rs9939609) or MC4R (rs17782313) between LAA stroke patients and control subjects. However, rs17782313 of the MC4R gene was associated with LAA stroke susceptibility in smokers (rs17782313: p = 0.020, OR (95% CI) = 1.55 (1.07-2.23)) in the stratified analysis. Furthermore, multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis revealed that the combination of MC4R variant (rs17782313), hypertension and smoking habit was significantly associated with increased risk of LAA stroke (p < 0.0001, OR (95% CI) = 6.57 (4.79-9.01)). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that the synergistic effects of MC4R variants, hypertension, and smoking habit contribute significantly to the risk of LAA stroke in the Chinese Han population. The finding revealed that obesity gene MC4R contribute to the risk of LAA stroke via a synergistic mechanism, which will provide new insight into the genetic architecture of LAA stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhongyang Hu
- *Dr. Zhongyang Hu, Department of Neurology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, China,
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Genetic Variants Associated with Lipid Profiles in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135145. [PMID: 26252223 PMCID: PMC4529182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to identify lipid-related genetic variants in T2D patients of Han Chinese ancestry. Among 4,908 Chinese T2D patients who were not taking lipid-lowering medications, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven genes previously found to be associated with lipid traits in genome-wide association studies conducted in populations of European ancestry (ABCA1, GCKR, BAZ1B, TOMM40, DOCK7, HNF1A, and HNF4A) were genotyped. After adjusting for multiple covariates, SNPs in ABCA1, GCKR, BAZ1B, TOMM40, and HNF1A were identified as significantly associated with triglyceride levels in T2D patients (P < 0.05). The associations between the SNPs in ABCA1 (rs3890182), GCKR (rs780094), and BAZ1B (rs2240466) remained significant even after correction for multiple testing (P = 8.85×10−3, 7.88×10−7, and 2.03×10−6, respectively). BAZ1B (rs2240466) also was associated with the total cholesterol level (P = 4.75×10−2). In addition, SNP rs157580 in TOMM40 was associated with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P = 6.94×10−3). Our findings confirm that lipid-related genetic loci are associated with lipid profiles in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Ma W, Lu S, Sun T, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhang X, Zhao R, Wang Y. Twist 1 regulates the expression of PPARγ during hormone-induced 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation: a possible role in obesity and associated diseases. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:132. [PMID: 25128964 PMCID: PMC4150960 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twist 1 is highly expressed in adipose tissue and has been associated with obesity and related disorders. However, the molecular function of Twist 1 in adipose tissue is unclear. Twist 1 has been implicated in cell lineage determination and differentiation. Therefore, we investigated both the role of Twist 1 in adipocyte precursor mobilization and the relationship of Twist 1 with other molecular determinants of adipocyte differentiation. METHODS We examined Twist 1 mRNA and protein expression in subcutaneous adipose tissues from diet-induced obese C57/BL6 mice and Wistar rats and in obese patients undergoing liposuction or adipose transplant surgeries. Twist 1 expression was measured on days 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 of 3T3-L1 differentiation in vitro. The role of Twist 1 in adipogenesis was explored using retroviral interference of Twist 1 expression. Adipokine secretion was evaluated using a RayBio® Biotin Label-based Adipokine Array. RESULTS Twist 1 mRNA and protein levels were reduced in diet-induced obese mice and rats and in obese humans. Twist 1 was upregulated during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation in vitro, beginning from the fourth day of differentiation induction. Retroviral interference of Twist 1 expression did not significantly impair lipid formation; however, retroviral interference induced PPARγ mRNA and protein expression on day 4 of differentiation induction. Adipokine array analyses revealed increased secretion of CXCR4 (19.55-fold), VEGFR1 (92.13-fold), L-21 R (63.55-fold), and IL-12 R beta 1 (59.66-fold) and decreased secretion of VEGFR3 (0.01-fold), TSLP R (0.071-fold), MIP-1 gamma (0.069-fold), TNF RI/TNFRSF1A (0.09-fold), and MFG-E8 (0.06-fold). CONCLUSIONS Twist 1 is a regulator of adipocyte gene expression although it is not likely to regulate differentiation. We identified PPARγ as a potential target of Twist 1 and found variation in the secretion of multiple adipokines, which might indicate a prospective mechanism linking Twist 1 expression with obesity or associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunshan Wang
- Medical Research & Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Jinan Center Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P,R, China.
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