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Andres-Hernando A, Orlicky DJ, Kuwabara M, Fini MA, Tolan DR, Johnson RJ, Lanaspa MA. Activation of AMPD2 drives metabolic dysregulation and liver disease in mice with hereditary fructose intolerance. Commun Biol 2024; 7:849. [PMID: 38992061 PMCID: PMC11239681 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is a painful and potentially lethal genetic disease caused by a mutation in aldolase B resulting in accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate (F1P). No cure exists for HFI and treatment is limited to avoid exposure to fructose and sugar. Using aldolase B deficient mice, here we identify a yet unrecognized metabolic event activated in HFI and associated with the progression of the disease. Besides the accumulation of F1P, here we show that the activation of the purine degradation pathway is a common feature in aldolase B deficient mice exposed to fructose. The purine degradation pathway is a metabolic route initiated by adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (AMPD2) that regulates overall energy balance. We demonstrate that very low amounts of fructose are sufficient to activate AMPD2 in these mice via a phosphate trap. While blocking AMPD2 do not impact F1P accumulation and the risk of hypoglycemia, its deletion in hepatocytes markedly improves the metabolic dysregulation induced by fructose and corrects fat and glycogen storage while significantly increasing the voluntary tolerance of these mice to fructose. In summary, we provide evidence for a critical pathway activated in HFI that could be targeted to improve the metabolic consequences associated with fructose consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Andres-Hernando
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Masanari Kuwabara
- Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Public Health, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mehdi A Fini
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dean R Tolan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
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2
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Singh A, Rourk K, Bernier A, de Lartigue G. Non-Nutritive Sweetened Beverages Impair Therapeutic Benefits of Metformin in Prediabetic Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112472. [PMID: 37299435 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin, a frontline therapy for type 2 diabetes and related metabolic diseases, results in variable outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether sweetened beverages (caloric or non-caloric) affect the therapeutic benefits of metformin on glucose, food intake, and weight loss in diet-induced obesity. Mice were given a high-fat diet and sweetened water for 8 weeks to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Then, mice were randomized to receive metformin in either water, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), or the non-nutritive sweetener saccharin for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of metformin treatment, all groups had improved glucose tolerance compared to pretreatment. However, saccharin resulted in worse glucose tolerance and weight gain outcomes than the water or HFCS groups and correlated with lower plasma growth differentiation factor 15 levels. In conclusion, reducing non-nutritive sweetener consumption during metformin therapy is recommended to avoid impairing the therapeutic effects of metformin on body weight and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arashdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19019, USA
| | - Katelyn Rourk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Angelina Bernier
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Guillaume de Lartigue
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19019, USA
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3
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Eleazu CO, Obeten UN, Ozor G, Njemanze CC, Eleazu KC, Egedigwe-Ekeleme AC, Okorie UC, Ogunwa SC, Adeolu AI, Okoh PFN, Kalu AO, Onyia CJ, Onyia S, Ossai P, Chikezie CC, Odii BC, Obi V, Igwe VM, Amobi CA, Ugada OJ, Kalu WO, Kanu S. Tert-butylhydroquinone abrogates fructose-induced insulin resistance in rats via mitigation of oxidant stress, NFkB-mediated inflammation in the liver but not the skeletal muscle of high fructose drinking rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14473. [PMID: 36251589 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 21% fructose drinking water (FDW) (w/v) on some parameters of metabolic syndrome, hepatic, and skeletal muscular histology of rats was studied using standard techniques. Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups of 5 rats each in this in vivo study. Group I received distilled water, group 2 received FDW, group 3 received FDW and metformin (300 mg/kg body weight daily, orally), group 4 received FDW and 1% tert-butylhydroquinone feed. FDW changed the serum leptin, triacylglycerol, very low-density lipoprotein, and C-reactive protein levels of the rats, inducing hypertriglyceridemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation in their liver (but not the skeletal muscle) and insulin resistance which were modulated with metformin and tBHQ as corroborated by liver and muscle histology. The study reveals the potentials of metformin and tBHQ in mitigating hepatic and skeletal muscular morphological changes arising from exposure to high fructose drinks. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: There has been an increase in the global consumption of fructose (either as a sweetner in beverages or soft and carbonated drinks) in the last few decades and this has been positively correlated with the global increase in metabolic complications. Regular intake of fructose contributes to the pathogenesis of lipid disorders, oxidant stress, and chronic inflammation, which are linked with the metabolic syndrome components (MetS) (obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases) as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Given that the approaches that have been applied to treat the MetS have not been able to totally arrest it, currenty study which showed that tBHQ abrogated fructose-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatic, and skeletal muscular pathology in the rats places tBHQ in the spotlight as a nutraceutical that could be of relevance in mitigating high dietary fructose-induced hepatic and skeletal muscular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinedum O Eleazu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Uket N Obeten
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Gerald Ozor
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Canice C Njemanze
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Kate C Eleazu
- Department of Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Uchechukwu C Okorie
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Shedrack C Ogunwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Adewale I Adeolu
- Department of Agriculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Petra-Favour N Okoh
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Abigail O Kalu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | | | - Scholastica Onyia
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Precious Ossai
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Chioma C Chikezie
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Bright C Odii
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Valentine Obi
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Valeria M Igwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Chidiebere A Amobi
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu J Ugada
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
| | - Winner O Kalu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rhema University, Aba, Nigeria
| | - Shedrach Kanu
- Department of Biochemistry, Alex Ekwueme Federal Univerity, Nudfu-Alike, Nigeria
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Tsai SH, Tseng YH, Chiou WF, Chen SM, Chung Y, Wei WC, Huang WC. The Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Combined With an Isocaloric High-Fructose Diet on Osteoporosis and Immunomodulation in Ovariectomized Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:915483. [PMID: 35795589 PMCID: PMC9251498 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.915483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundOsteoporosis and immune-associated disorders are highly prevalent among menopausal women, and diet control and exercise exert beneficial effects on physiological modulation in this population. A controlled diet with a low fat content and a balanced caloric intake improves menopausal health, but the health effects of excessive fructose consumption on menopausal women are yet to be confirmed. In addition, whole-body vibration (WBV), a safe passive-training method, has been shown to have multiple beneficial effects on metabolism regulation, obesity, and bone health.MethodsThe ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL/6J model was used to verify the effects of WBV combined with a high-fructose diet (HFrD) for 16 weeks on physiological modulation and immune responses. The mice were randomly allocated to sham, OVX, OVX+HFrD, and OVX+HFrD+WBV groups, which were administered with the indicated ovariectomy, dietary and WBV training treatments. We conducted growth, dietary intake, glucose homeostasis, body composition, immunity, inflammation, histopathology, and osteoporotic assessments (primary outcomes).ResultsOur results showed that the isocaloric HFrD in OVX mice negated estrogen-deficiency–associated obesity, but that risk factors such as total cholesterol, glucose intolerance, osteoporosis, and liver steatosis still contributed to the development of metabolic diseases. Immune homeostasis in the OVX mice was also negatively affected by the HFrD diet, via the comprehensive stimulation of T cell activation, causing inflammation. The WBV intervention combined with the HFrD model significantly ameliorated weight gain, glucose intolerance, total cholesterol, and inflammatory cytokines (interferon gamma [IFN-γ], interleukin [IL]-17, and IL-4) in the OVX mice, although osteoporosis and liver steatosis were not affected compared to the negative control group. These findings indicate that an isocaloric high-fructose diet alone may not result in menopausal obesity, but that some deleterious physiological impacts still exist.ConclusionThe WBV method may modulate the physiological impacts of menopause and the HFrD diet, and should be considered as an alternative exercise prescription for people with poor compliance or who are unable or unwilling to use traditional methods to improve their health. In future studies, using the WBV method as a preventive or therapeutic strategy, combined with nutritional interventions, medication, and other exercise prescriptions, may prove beneficial for maintaining health in menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syun-Hui Tsai
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwei Tseng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fei Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi Chung
- College of Human Development and Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Wei
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Wen-Chi Wei
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Ching Huang
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Ardizzone A, Lanza M, Casili G, Campolo M, Paterniti I, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic, Based on Natural Ingredients and Probiotics, in a Murine Model of Multiple Food Intolerance and Maldigestion. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112251. [PMID: 35684051 PMCID: PMC9182885 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hypersensitive gut mucosa often suffer from food intolerances (FIs) associated with an inadequate gastrointestinal function that affects 15-20% of the population. Current treatments involve elimination diets, but require careful control, are difficult to maintain long-term, and diagnosis remains challenging. This study aims to evaluate the beneficial effects of a novel therapeutic of natural (NTN) origin containing food-grade polysaccharides, proteins, and grape seed extract to restore intestinal function in a murine model of fructose, carbohydrate, and fat intolerances. All experiments were conducted in four-week-old male CD1 mice. To induce FIs, mice were fed with either a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fructose diet (HFrD), respectively. After two weeks of treatment, several parameters and endpoints were evaluated such as food and water intake, body weight, histological score in several organs, gut permeability, intestinal epithelial integrity, and biochemical endpoints. Our results demonstrated that the therapeutic agent significantly restored gut barrier integrity and permeability compromised by every FIs induction. Restoration of intestinal function by NTN treatment has consequently improved tissue damage in several functional organs involved in the diagnostic of each intolerance such as the pancreas for HCD and liver for HFD and HFrD. Taken together, our results support NTN as a promising natural option in the non-pharmacological strategy for the recovery of intestinal dysregulation, supporting the well-being of the gastrointestinal tract.
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6
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The Roles of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in the Relationship between Carbohydrate Intake and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112058. [PMID: 34769488 PMCID: PMC8584459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are macronutrients that serve as energy sources. Many studies have shown that carbohydrate intake is nonlinearly associated with mortality. Moreover, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption is positively associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accordingly, products with equal amounts of glucose and fructose have the worst effects on caloric intake, body weight gain, and glucose intolerance, suggesting that carbohydrate amount, kind, and form determine mortality. Understanding the role of carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) in glucose and lipid metabolism will be beneficial for elucidating the harmful effects of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as this glucose-activated transcription factor regulates glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression. Glucose and fructose coordinately supply the metabolites necessary for ChREBP activation and de novo lipogenesis. Chrebp overexpression causes fatty liver and lower plasma glucose levels, and ChREBP deletion prevents obesity and fatty liver. Intestinal ChREBP regulates fructose absorption and catabolism, and adipose-specific Chrebp-knockout mice show insulin resistance. ChREBP also regulates the appetite for sweets by controlling fibroblast growth factor 21, which promotes energy expenditure. Thus, ChREBP partly mimics the effects of carbohydrate, especially HFCS. The relationship between carbohydrate intake and diseases partly resembles those between ChREBP activity and diseases.
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7
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Wali JA, Milner AJ, Luk AWS, Pulpitel TJ, Dodgson T, Facey HJW, Wahl D, Kebede MA, Senior AM, Sullivan MA, Brandon AE, Yau B, Lockwood GP, Koay YC, Ribeiro R, Solon-Biet SM, Bell-Anderson KS, O'Sullivan JF, Macia L, Forbes JM, Cooney GJ, Cogger VC, Holmes A, Raubenheimer D, Le Couteur DG, Simpson SJ. Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein-carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health. Nat Metab 2021; 3:810-828. [PMID: 34099926 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduced protein intake, through dilution with carbohydrate, extends lifespan and improves mid-life metabolic health in animal models. However, with transition to industrialised food systems, reduced dietary protein is associated with poor health outcomes in humans. Here we systematically interrogate the impact of carbohydrate quality in diets with varying carbohydrate and protein content. Studying 700 male mice on 33 isocaloric diets, we find that the type of carbohydrate and its digestibility profoundly shape the behavioural and physiological responses to protein dilution, modulate nutrient processing in the liver and alter the gut microbiota. Low (10%)-protein, high (70%)-carbohydrate diets promote the healthiest metabolic outcomes when carbohydrate comprises resistant starch (RS), yet the worst outcomes were with a 50:50 mixture of monosaccharides fructose and glucose. Our findings could explain the disparity between healthy, high-carbohydrate diets and the obesogenic impact of protein dilution by glucose-fructose mixtures associated with highly processed diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran A Wali
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Annabelle J Milner
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison W S Luk
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamara J Pulpitel
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim Dodgson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harrison J W Facey
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melkam A Kebede
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alistair M Senior
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mitchell A Sullivan
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda E Brandon
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Belinda Yau
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glen P Lockwood
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosilene Ribeiro
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha M Solon-Biet
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim S Bell-Anderson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John F O'Sullivan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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8
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Pan JH, Cha H, Tang J, Lee S, Lee SH, Le B, Redding MC, Kim S, Batish M, Kong BC, Lee JH, Kim JK. The role of microRNA-33 as a key regulator in hepatic lipogenesis signaling and a potential serological biomarker for NAFLD with excessive dietary fructose consumption in C57BL/6N mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:656-667. [PMID: 33404569 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02286a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Limited studies reported mechanisms by which microRNAs (miRNA) are interlinked in the etiology of fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we aimed to investigate the significance of miRNAs in fructose-induced NAFLD pathogenesis through unbiased approaches. In experiment I, C57BL/6N mice were fed either water or 34% fructose for six weeks ad libitum. In experiment II, time course effects of fructose intervention were monitored using the same conditions; mice were killed at the baseline, fourth, and sixth weeks. Bioinformatic analyses for hepatic proteomics revealed that SREBP1 is the most significant upstream regulator influenced by fructose; miR-33-5p (miR-33) was identified as the key miRNA responsible for SREBP1 regulation upon fructose intake, which was validated by in vitro transfection assay. In experiment II, we confirmed that the longer mice consumed fructose, the more severe liver injury markers (e.g., serum AST) appeared. Moreover, hepatic Srebp1 mRNA expression was increased depending upon the duration of fructose consumption. Hepatic miR-33 was time-dependently decreased by fructose while serum miR-33 expression was increased; these observations indicated that miR-33 from the liver might be released upon cell damage. Finally we observed that fructose-induced ferroptosis might be a cause of liver toxicity, resulting from oxidative damage. Collectively, our findings suggest that fructose-induced oxidative damage induces ferroptosis, and miR-33 could be used as a serological biomarker of fructose-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Pan
- School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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9
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Preguiça I, Alves A, Nunes S, Fernandes R, Gomes P, Viana SD, Reis F. Diet-induced rodent models of obesity-related metabolic disorders-A guide to a translational perspective. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13081. [PMID: 32691524 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diet is a critical element determining human health and diseases, and unbalanced food habits are major risk factors for the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Despite technological and pharmacological advances, as well as intensification of awareness campaigns, the prevalence of metabolic disorders worldwide is still increasing. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches with increased efficacy are urgently required, which often depends on cellular and molecular investigations using robust animal models. In the absence of perfect rodent models, those induced by excessive consumption of fat and sugars better replicate the key aspects that are the root causes of human metabolic diseases. However, the results obtained using these models cannot be directly compared, particularly because of the use of different dietary protocols, and animal species and strains, among other confounding factors. This review article revisits diet-induced models of obesity and related metabolic disorders, namely, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A critical analysis focused on the main pathophysiological features of rodent models, as opposed to the criteria defined for humans, is provided as a practical guide with a translational perspective for the establishment of animal models of obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Preguiça
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Alves
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Nunes
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Gomes
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia D Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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10
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High Fat-High Fructose Diet-Induced Changes in the Gut Microbiota Associated with Dyslipidemia in Syrian Hamsters. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113557. [PMID: 33233570 PMCID: PMC7699731 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to characterize the early effects of high fructose diets (with and without high fat) on both the composition of the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in Syrian hamsters, a reproducible preclinical model of diet-induced dyslipidemia. Methods: Eight-week-old male hamsters were fed diets consisting of high-fat/high-fructose, low-fat/high-fructose or a standard chow diet for 14 days. Stool was collected at baseline (day 0), day 7 and day 14. Fasting levels of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol were monitored on day 0, day 7 and day 14, and nonfasting levels were also assayed on day 15. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples was used to determine gut microbial composition, and predictive metagenomics was performed to evaluate dietary-induced shifts in deduced microbial functions. Results: Both high-fructose diets resulted in divergent gut microbiota composition. A high-fat/high-fructose diet induced the largest shift in overall gut microbial composition, with dramatic shifts in the Firmicute/Bacteroidetes ratio, and changes in beta diversity after just seven days of dietary intervention. Significant associations between genus level taxa and dietary intervention were identified, including an association with Ruminococceace NK4A214 group in high-fat/high-fructose fed animals and an association with Butryimonas with the low-fat/high-fructose diet. High-fat/high-fructose feeding induced dyslipidemia with increases in plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, and hepatomegaly. Dietary-induced changes in several genus level taxa significantly correlated with lipid levels over the two-week period. Differences in microbial metabolic pathways between high-fat/high-fructose and low-fat/high-fructose diet fed hamsters were identified, and several of these pathways also correlated with lipid profiles in hamsters. Conclusions: The high-fat/high-fructose diet caused shifts in the host gut microbiota. These dietary-induced alterations in gut microbial composition were linked to changes in the production of secondary metabolites, which contributed to the development of metabolic syndrome in the host.
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11
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dos Santos B, Schmitz AE, de Almeida GRL, de Souza LF, Szczepanik JC, Nunes EA, Brunetta HS, Mack JM, Prediger RD, Cunha MP, Dafre AL. Fructose Intake Impairs Cortical Antioxidant Defenses Allied to Hyperlocomotion in Middle-Aged C57BL/6 Female Mice. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2868-2883. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Wali JA, Koay YC, Chami J, Wood C, Corcilius L, Payne RJ, Rodionov RN, Birkenfeld AL, Samocha-Bonet D, Simpson SJ, O'Sullivan JF. Nutritional and metabolic regulation of the metabolite dimethylguanidino valeric acid: an early marker of cardiometabolic disease. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E509-E518. [PMID: 32663097 PMCID: PMC7509244 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00207.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dimethylguanidino valeric acid (DMGV) is a marker of fatty liver disease, incident coronary artery disease, cardiovascular mortality, and incident diabetes. Recently, it was reported that circulating DMGV levels correlated positively with consumption of sugary beverages and negatively with intake of fruits and vegetables in three Swedish community-based cohorts. Here, we validate these results in the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort. Furthermore, in mice, diets rich in sucrose or fat significantly increased plasma DMGV concentrations. DMGV is the product of metabolism of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) by the hepatic enzyme AGXT2. ADMA can also be metabolized to citrulline by the cytoplasmic enzyme DDAH1. We report that a high-sucrose diet induced conversion of ADMA exclusively into DMGV (supporting the relationship with sugary beverage intake in humans), while a high-fat diet promoted conversion of ADMA to both DMGV and citrulline. On the contrary, replacing dietary native starch with high-fiber-resistant starch increased ADMA concentrations and induced its conversion to citrulline, without altering DMGV concentrations. In a cohort of obese nondiabetic adults, circulating DMGV concentrations increased and ADMA levels decreased in those with either liver or muscle insulin resistance. This was similar to changes in DMGV and ADMA concentrations found in mice fed a high-sucrose diet. Sucrose is a disaccharide of glucose and fructose. Compared with glucose, incubation of hepatocytes with fructose significantly increased DMGV production. Overall, we provide a comprehensive picture of the dietary determinants of DMGV levels and association with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran A Wali
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Chami
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Courtney Wood
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leo Corcilius
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roman N Rodionov
- University Center for Vascular Medicine and Department of Medicine III-Section Angiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorit Samocha-Bonet
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John F O'Sullivan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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13
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Cargnin-Carvalho A, de Mello AH, Bressan JB, Backes KM, Uberti MF, Fogaça JB, da Rosa Turatti C, Cavalheiro EKFF, Vilela TC, Rezin GT. Can fructose influence the development of obesity mediated through hypothalamic alterations? J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1662-1668. [PMID: 32524664 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data from the last decades point to an exponential growth in the number of obese people. Different behavioral factors, mainly associated with food consumption, appear to contribute significantly to its development. Concomitant with increased obesity rates, an increase in the consumption of fructose has been observed; therefore, fructose consumption has been implicated as an important obesogenic factor. However, changes in brain activity due to fructose consumption are possible, especially in relation to hypothalamic satiety mechanisms. In addition, the obese state may provide an environment of chronic inflammation and further contribute to the discontinuation of satiety mechanisms in the hypothalamus. We briefly review the intrinsic alterations to the increased adipose tissue, its connections with the hypothalamus in the control of energy signaling mechanisms and, consequently, the participation of fructose as a co-adjuvant or trigger. Presenting the current context with clinical trials involving human and animal studies, we seek to contribute to a better understanding of the role of fructose in the progression of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Cargnin-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Joice Benedet Bressan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kassiane Mathiola Backes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marcela Fornari Uberti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Benedet Fogaça
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cristini da Rosa Turatti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eulla Keimili Fernandes Ferreira Cavalheiro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thais Ceresér Vilela
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina at Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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14
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Hepatic transcriptomics analysis reveals that fructose intervention down-regulated xenobiotics-metabolising enzymes through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling suppression in C57BL/6N mice. Br J Nutr 2020; 122:769-779. [PMID: 31262372 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519001612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For decades, fructose intake has been recognised as an environmental risk for metabolic syndromes and diseases. Here we comprehensively examined the effects of fructose intake on mice liver transcriptomes. Fructose-supplemented water (34 %; w/v) was fed to both male and female C57BL/6N mice at their free will for 6 weeks, followed by hepatic transcriptomics analysis. Based on our criteria, differentially expressed genes (DEG) were selected and subjected to further computational analyses to predict key pathways and upstream regulator(s). Subsequently, predicted genes and pathways from the transcriptomics dataset were validated via quantitative RT-PCR analyses. As a result, we identified eighty-nine down-regulated and eighty-eight up-regulated mRNA in fructose-fed mice livers. These DEG were subjected to bioinformatics analysis tools in which DEG were mainly enriched in xenobiotic metabolic processes; further, in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, it was suggested that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an upstream regulator governing overall changes, while fructose suppresses the AhR signalling pathway. In our quantitative RT-PCR validation, we confirmed that fructose suppressed AhR signalling through modulating expressions of transcription factor (AhR nuclear translocator; Arnt) and upstream regulators (Ncor2, and Rb1). Altogether, we demonstrated that ad libitum fructose intake suppresses the canonical AhR signalling pathway in C57BL/6N mice liver. Based on our current observations, further studies are warranted, especially with regard to the effects of co-exposure to fructose on (1) other types of carcinogens and (2) inflammation-inducing agents (or even diets such as a high-fat diet), to find implications of fructose-induced AhR suppression.
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15
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Brütting C, Lara Bisch M, Brandsch C, Hirche F, Stangl GI. Impact of dietary propionate on fructose-induced changes in lipid metabolism, gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:160-173. [PMID: 32498647 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1773415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Propionate has antimicrobial activity and is suggested to influence lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the effect of propionate on lipid metabolism and the gut microbiome in fructose-fed mice as a model of diet-induced steatosis and gut dysbiosis. Therefore, 48 male wild-type mice were fed isoenergetic diets with either 0% fructose (F-) or 40% fructose (F+) that contained 0% propionate (P-) or 1% propionate (P+) for 7 weeks. Mice that received the F+ diets developed fatty livers, had fewer small intestinal proteobacteria and colonic actinobacteria and were characterised by changes in bacterial genera (e.g., Allobaculum, Lachnospiraceae, and Escherichia). Interestingly, mice fed the F+ diets had higher levels of propionate and butyrate in the circulation than mice fed the F- diets (p < 0.05). Treatment with propionate influenced neither hepatic or plasma lipids nor levels of circulating SCFAs. With the exception of Verrucomicrobia, other bacterial phyla were not affected by propionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Brütting
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Milena Lara Bisch
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Corinna Brandsch
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Frank Hirche
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Gabriele I Stangl
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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16
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Ozcan-Sınır G, Inan S, Suna S, Tamer CE, Akgül MB, Bagdas D, Sonmez G, Evrensel T, Kaya E, Sarandol E, Dündar HZ, Tarım OF, Ercan I, Sıgırlı D, Incedayı B, Copur OU. Effect of High Fructose Corn Sirup on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Induced by Dimethyl Benzantracene (DMBA) in Rats. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:339-349. [PMID: 32475178 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1770811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased risk of pancreatic cancer may be associated with consumption of sugar containing foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of peach nectar containing high fructose corn sirup (HFCS) consumption in a pancreatic carcinogenesis rat model induced by 7,12-Dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA). Fifty-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with peach nectar containing HFCS + chow, peach nectar containing sucrose + chow and only chow. After 8 mo, feeding period, each group was divided into two subgroups, in which the rats were implanted with DMBA and no DMBA (sham). Histologic specimens were evaluated according to the routine tissue processing protocol. The animals with ad libitum access to pn-HFCS, pn-sucrose and chow (only) showed significant differences in chow consumption and glucose level. Necropsy and histopathologic findings showed tumor formation in the entire group treated with DMBA. Excluding one rat in chow group, which was classified as poorly differentiated type, the others were classified as moderately differentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study demonstrated that daily intake of HFCS did not increase body weight and there was no effect of peach nectar consumption on the development of PDAC induced by DMBA in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Ozcan-Sınır
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sevda Inan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Senem Suna
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Canan Ece Tamer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Barış Akgül
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Heaven, CT, USA
| | - Gursel Sonmez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Turkkan Evrensel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Görükle
| | - Ekrem Kaya
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Emre Sarandol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Halit Ziya Dündar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Tarım
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ilker Ercan
- Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Deniz Sıgırlı
- Department of Biostatistic, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Bige Incedayı
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Omer Utku Copur
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
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17
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Spezani R, da Silva RR, Martins FF, de Souza Marinho T, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Intermittent fasting, adipokines, insulin sensitivity, and hypothalamic neuropeptides in a dietary overload with high-fat or high-fructose diet in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 83:108419. [PMID: 32580132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intermittent fasting (IF) might have benefits on metabolism and food intake. Twelve-week old C57BL/6 J mice were fed a control diet (C, 10% kcal fat), a high-fat diet (HF, 50% kcal fat) or a high-fructose diet (HFru, 50% kcal fructose) for 8 weeks, then half of the animals in each group underwent IF (24 h fed, 24 h fasting) for an additional 4 weeks. Although food intake on the fed day remained the same for all groups, all fasting groups showed a reduction in body mass compared to their counterparts. IF reduced total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, fasting glucose, fasting insulin resistance index, and plasma leptin, but increased plasma adiponectin. IF reduced Leptin gene expression in the HF-IF group, but increased proinflammatory markers in the hypothalamus, also in the C-IF group. Both groups HFru-IF and C-IF, showed alterations in the leptin signaling pathway (Leptin, OBRb, and SOCS3), mainly in the HFru-IF group, suggesting leptin resistance. NPY and POMC neuropeptides labeled the neurons of the hypothalamus by immunofluorescence, corroborating qualitatively other quantitative findings of the study. In conclusion, current results are convincing in demonstrating the IF effect on central regulation of food intake control, as shown by NPY and POMC neuropeptide expressions, resulting in a lower weight gain. Besides, IF improves glycemia, lipid metabolism, and consequently insulin and leptin resistance. However, there is increased expression of inflammatory markers in mouse hypothalamus challenged by the HF and HFru diets, which in the long term may induce adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Spezani
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Ferreira Martins
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thatiany de Souza Marinho
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Centre, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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18
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Ibrahim KG, Chivandi E, Nkomozepi P, Matumba MG, Mukwevho E, Erlwanger KH. The long-term protective effects of neonatal administration of curcumin against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in high-fructose-fed adolescent rats. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14032. [PMID: 30912307 PMCID: PMC6692695 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increased prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in adolescents. The suckling period is developmentally plastic, affecting later health outcomes. We investigated whether neonatal administration of curcumin would provide protection against the development of NASH later in adolescence in rats fed a high-fructose diet. From postnatal day (PN) 6 to PN 21, the pups (N = 128) were allocated to four groups and orally gavaged daily with either 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide solution (vehicle control), curcumin (500 mg·kg-1 ), fructose (20%, w/v) or curcumin and fructose combined. All the pups were weaned and half the rats in each group had tap water, whereas the other received fructose (20%) as their drinking fluid ad libitum for 6 weeks. The rats' liver NASH scores, lipid content, and RNA gene expression ratios of AMPKα and TNFα were determined. Hepatic lipid content was similar across the treatment groups in the males (P > 0.05, ANOVA). In the females, the hepatic lipid content in the treatment groups ranged from 2.7 to 4.3%. The livers of male and female rats that had fructose either as neonates and/or postweaning had significantly marked inflammation (P = 0.0112, Kruskal-Wallis) and fibrosis (P < 0.0001, ANOVA) which were attenuated by curcumin. The hepatic gene expression ratios for AMPKα in both sexes were significantly downregulated (P < 0.0001, ANOVA), whereas the expression ratios of TNFα were significantly upregulated (P < 0.0001) in rats fed a high-fructose diet pre and/or postweaning compared to the other groups. Neonatal curcumin administration is a potential natural pharmacological candidate for the prevention of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasimu G Ibrahim
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Eliton Chivandi
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pilani Nkomozepi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mashudu G Matumba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences & Agriculture, North-West University, Mmabatho, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel Mukwevho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences & Agriculture, North-West University, Mmabatho, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Kennedy H Erlwanger
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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19
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Yeh SHH, Shie FS, Liu HK, Yao HH, Kao PC, Lee YH, Chen LM, Hsu SM, Chao LJ, Wu KW, Shiao YJ, Tsay HJ. A high-sucrose diet aggravates Alzheimer's disease pathology, attenuates hypothalamic leptin signaling, and impairs food-anticipatory activity in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 90:60-74. [PMID: 31879131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-fat and high-sugar diets contribute to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the impact of high-fat diets on AD pathogenesis has been established, the effect of high-sucrose diets (HSDs) on AD pathogenesis remains unclear. This study sought to determine the impact of HSDs on AD-related pathologies. Male APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic and wild-type mice were provided with HSD and their cognitive and hypothalamus-related noncognitive parameters, including feeding behaviors and glycemic regulation, were compared. HSD-fed APP/PS1 mice showed increased neuroinflammation, as well as increased cortical and serum levels of amyloid-β. HSD-fed APP/PS1 mice showed aggravated obesity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and leptin resistance, but there was no induction of hyperphagia or hyperleptinemia. Leptin-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamus was reduced in HSD-fed APP/PS1 mice, which might be associated with attenuated food-anticipatory activity, glycemic dysregulation, and AD-related noncognitive symptoms. Our study demonstrates that HSD aggravates metabolic stresses, increases AD-related pathologies, and attenuates hypothalamic leptin signaling in APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng-Shiun Shie
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Kang Liu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Heng-Hsiang Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Chen Kao
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Heng Lee
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Min Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Meng Hsu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Jung Chao
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-Wei Wu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Young-Ji Shiao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C..
| | - Huey-Jen Tsay
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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Kim H, Worsley O, Yang E, Purbojati RW, Liang AL, Tan W, Moses DID, Hartono S, Fan V, Lim TKH, Schuster SC, Foo RS, Chow PKH, Pettersson S. Persistent changes in liver methylation and microbiome composition following reversal of diet-induced non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4341-4354. [PMID: 31119300 PMCID: PMC11105172 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic liver disease that is thought to be reversible by changing the diet. To examine the impact of dietary changes on progression and cure of NAFLD, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) or high-fructose diet (HFrD) for 9 weeks, followed by an additional 9 weeks, where mice were given normal chow diet. As predicted, the diet-induced NAFLD elicited changes in glucose tolerance, serum cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in both diet groups. Moreover, the diet-induced NAFLD phenotype was reversed, as measured by the recovery of glucose intolerance and high cholesterol levels when mice were given normal chow diet. However, surprisingly, the elevated serum triglyceride levels persisted. Metagenomic analysis revealed dietary-induced changes of microbiome composition, some of which remained altered even after reversing the diet to normal chow, as illustrated by species of the Odoribacter genus. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis revealed a "priming effect" through changes in DNA methylation in key liver genes. For example, the lipid-regulating gene Apoa4 remained hypomethylated in both groups even after introduction to normal chow diet. Our results support that dietary change, in part, reverses the NAFLD phenotype. However, some diet-induced effects remain, such as changes in microbiome composition, elevated serum triglyceride levels, and hypomethylation of key liver genes. While the results are correlative in nature, it is tempting to speculate that the dietary-induced changes in microbiome composition may in part contribute to the persistent epigenetic modifications in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Kim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Oliver Worsley
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Edwin Yang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Rikky Wenang Purbojati
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Science Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Ai Leng Liang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tan
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Daniela I Drautz Moses
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Science Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Septian Hartono
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Fan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephan C Schuster
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Science Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Roger Sy Foo
- Department of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Pierce Kah Hoe Chow
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplantation Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Sven Pettersson
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Science Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
- Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Bioclincium, J30:10, Akademiska stråket 1, 17164, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Loza-Medrano SS, Baiza-Gutman LA, Manuel-Apolinar L, García-Macedo R, Damasio-Santana L, Martínez-Mar OA, Sánchez-Becerra MC, Cruz-López M, Ibáñez-Hernández MA, Díaz-Flores M. High fructose-containing drinking water-induced steatohepatitis in rats is prevented by the nicotinamide-mediated modulation of redox homeostasis and NADPH-producing enzymes. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:337-351. [PMID: 31650383 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance in the redox state, increased levels of lipid precursors and overactivation of de novo lipogenesis determine the development of fibrosis during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We evaluated the modulation of NADPH-producing enzymes associated with the antifibrotic, antioxidant and antilipemic effects of nicotinamide (NAM) in a model of NASH induced by excess fructose consumption. Male rats were provided drinking water containing 40% fructose for 16 weeks. During the last 12 weeks of fructose administration, water containing NAM was provided to some of the rats for 5 h/day. The biochemical profiles and the ghrelin, leptin, lipoperoxidation and TNF-α levels in serum and the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), malic enzyme (ME) and NADP+-dependent isocitric dehydrogenase (IDP) levels, the reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and reduced/oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+) ratios, and the levels of various lipogenic and fibrotic markers in the liver were evaluated. The results showed that hepatic fibrosis induced by fructose consumption was associated with weight gain, hunger-satiety system dysregulation, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, lipoperoxidation and inflammation. Moreover, increased levels of hepatic G6PD and ME activity and expression, the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ ratios, and GSSG concentration and increased expression of lipogenic and fibrotic markers were detected, and these alterations were attenuated by NAM administration. Specifically, NAM diminished the activity and expression of G6PD and ME, and this effect was associated with a decrease in the NADPH/NADP+ ratios, increased GSH levels and decreased lipoperoxidation and inflammation, ameliorating fibrosis and NASH development. NAM reduces liver steatosis and fibrosis by regulating redox homeostasis through a G6PD- and ME-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Loza-Medrano
- Posgrado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico
| | - L A Baiza-Gutman
- Laboratorio en Biología del Desarrollo, Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - L Manuel-Apolinar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, Mexico
| | - R García-Macedo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico
| | - L Damasio-Santana
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, Mexico
| | - O A Martínez-Mar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico
| | - M C Sánchez-Becerra
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico
| | - M Cruz-López
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico
| | - M A Ibáñez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico
| | - M Díaz-Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades (1er. Piso), "Bernardo Sepúlveda" Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, C.P. 06725, México City, Mexico.
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22
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Sundborn G, Thornley S, Merriman TR, Lang B, King C, Lanaspa MA, Johnson RJ. Are Liquid Sugars Different from Solid Sugar in Their Ability to Cause Metabolic Syndrome? Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:879-887. [PMID: 31054268 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intake of sugary drinks, especially soft drinks, carries increased risk for obesity and diabetes. This article reviews whether sugary drinks carry different risks for metabolic syndrome compared with foods that contain natural or added sugars. METHODS A narrative review was performed to evaluate differences between liquid and solid sugars in their ability to induce metabolic syndrome and to discuss potential mechanisms to account for the differences. RESULTS Epidemiological studies support liquid added sugars, such as soft drinks, as carrying greater risk for development of metabolic syndrome compared with solid sugar. Some studies suggest that fruit juice may also confer relatively higher risk for weight gain and insulin resistance compared with natural fruits. Experimental evidence suggests this may be due to differences in how fructose is metabolized. Fructose induces metabolic disease by reducing the energy levels in liver cells, mediated by the concentration of fructose to which the cells are exposed. The concentration relates to the quantity and speed at which fructose is ingested, absorbed, and metabolized. CONCLUSIONS Although reduced intake of added sugars (sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup) remains a general recommendation, there is evidence that sugary soft drinks may provide greater health risks relative to sugar-containing foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Sundborn
- Department of Pacific Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Thornley
- Auckland Regional Public Health Service, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bodo Lang
- Department of Marketing, Business School, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christopher King
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Miguel A Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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23
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García-Berumen CI, Ortiz-Avila O, Vargas-Vargas MA, Del Rosario-Tamayo BA, Guajardo-López C, Saavedra-Molina A, Rodríguez-Orozco AR, Cortés-Rojo C. The severity of rat liver injury by fructose and high fat depends on the degree of respiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress induced in mitochondria. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:78. [PMID: 30927921 PMCID: PMC6441141 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High fat or fructose induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) accompanied of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Controversy remains about whether fructose or fat is more deleterious for NAFLD development. To get more insights about this issue and to determine if the severity of liver disease induced by fructose or fat is related to degree of mitochondrial dysfunction, we compared the effects of diets containing high fat (HF), fructose (Fr) or high fat plus fructose (HF + Fr) on NAFLD development, mitochondrial function, ROS production and lipid peroxidation. METHODS Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: Control, fed with standard rodent chow; High fat (HF), supplemented with lard and hydrogenated vegetable oil; Fructose (Fr), supplemented with 25% fructose in the drinking water; High fat plus fructose group (HF + Fr), fed with both HF and Fr diets. Rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of diets consumption and the liver was excised for histopathological analysis by hematoxylin and eosin staining and for mitochondria isolation. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by measuring both mitochondrial respiration and complex I activity. Lipid peroxidation and ROS production were evaluated in mitochondria by the thiobarbituric acid method and with the fluorescent ROS probe 2,4-H2DCFDA, respectively. RESULTS Fr group underwent the lower degree of both liver damage and mitochondrial dysfunction that manifested like less than 20% of hepatocytes with microvesicular steatosis and partial decrease in state 3 respiration, respectively. HF group displayed an intermediate degree of damage as it showed 40% of hepatocytes with microvesicular steatosis and diminution of both state 3 respiration and complex I activity. HF + Fr group displayed more severe damage as showed microvesicular steatosis in 60% of hepatocytes and inflammation, while mitochondria exhibited fully inhibited state 3 respiration, impaired complex I activity and increased ROS generation. Exacerbation of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was observed in both the Fr and HF + Fr groups. CONCLUSION Severity of liver injury induced by fructose or fat was related to the degree of dysfunction and oxidative damage in mitochondria. Attention should be paid on the serious effects observed in the HF + Fr group as the typical Western diet is rich in both fat and carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Isabel García-Berumen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Omar Ortiz-Avila
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | - Clotilde Guajardo-López
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado - ISSSTE, Carr. Morelia-Atapaneo Km 6, Atapaneo, 58300, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Alain Raimundo Rodríguez-Orozco
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 58020, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-3, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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24
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Sarr O, Mathers KE, Zhao L, Dunlop K, Chiu J, Guglielmo CG, Bureau Y, Cheung A, Raha S, Lee TY, Regnault TRH. Western diet consumption through early life induces microvesicular hepatic steatosis in association with an altered metabolome in low birth weight Guinea pigs. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 67:219-233. [PMID: 30981986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Uteroplacental insufficiency-induced low birth weight (LBW) and postnatal high saturated fat/high sucrose-fructose diet (Western Diet, WD) consumption have been independently associated with the development of hepatic steatosis, while their additive effect on fatty acid, acylcarnitine and amino acid profiles in early adulthood have not been widely reported. We employed LBW, generated via uterine artery ablation, and normal birth weight (NBW) male guinea pigs fed either a WD or control diet (CD) from weaning to postnatal day 150 (early adulthood). Hepatic steatosis was absent in CD-fed offspring, while NBW/WD offspring displayed macrovesicular steatosis and LBW/WD offspring exhibited microvesicular steatosis, both occurring in a lean phenotype. Life-long consumption of the WD, irrespective of birth weight, was associated with an increase in hepatic medium- and long-chain saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, acylcarnitines, reduced oxidative phosphorylation complex III activity and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and molecular evidence of disrupted hepatic insulin signaling. In NBW/WD, hepatic C15:1 and C16:1n-6 fatty acids in phospholipids, C16, C18 and C18:1 acylcarnitines, concentrations of aspartate, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan and expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 alpha (CPT1α) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) genes were elevated compared to LBW/WD livers. Our results suggest that LBW and life-long WD combined are influential in promoting hepatic microvesicular steatosis in conjunction with a specific mitochondrial gene expression and metabolomic profile in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousseynou Sarr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristyn Dunlop
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University
| | - Jacky Chiu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University
| | | | - Yves Bureau
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University
| | - Anson Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Medical Imaging, Medical Biophysics, and Oncology, Western University; Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy R H Regnault
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University.
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25
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Shawky NM, Shehatou GSG, Suddek GM, Gameil NM. Comparison of the effects of sulforaphane and pioglitazone on insulin resistance and associated dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and endothelial dysfunction in fructose-fed rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 66:43-54. [PMID: 30597379 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to compare the influences of sulforaphane (SFN) to those of the standard insulin sensitizer pioglitazone (PIO) on high fructose diet (HFrD)-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and vascular dysfunction in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (150-200 g) were fed on a standard diet (control) or a high fructose diet (HFrD, 60% w/w fructose) for 60 days. From day 16, two subgroups of HFrD-fed rats received either SFN (0.5 mg/kg/day, orally) or PIO (5 mg/kg/day, orally) along with HFrD until the end of the experiment. Fructose-fed rats showed significant decreases in food intake, body weight and feeding efficiency; effects that were not altered by either treatment. Data from insulin tolerance test (ITT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices demonstrated impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization in HFrD-fed rats. SFN and PIO treatments significantly reduced OGTTAUC (Glass's Delta values = 1.12 and 0.84, respectively), decreased ITTAUC (Glass's Delta values = 1.05 and 0.71, respectively), significantly diminished HOMA-IR index (by 55.6% and 77.6%, respectively), and increased HOMA-β value (by 1.8 and 1.3 fold, respectively) compared to the HFrD rats. Moreover, SFN and PIO ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress and reduced serum levels of C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase in HFrD-fed rats. Furthermore, SFN and PIO administrations improved insulin resistance-associated heaptosteatosis and enhanced vascular responsiveness to acetylcholine-induced relaxations. However, only SFN was able to enhance serum HDL-C levels in HFrD group. These finding suggests that SFN elicited insulin-sensitizing, hepatoprotective, and vasculoprotective effects in HFrD insulin-resistant rats that were comparable to those exerted by PIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Shawky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nariman M Gameil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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26
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Rivera DS, Lindsay CB, Codocedo JF, Carreño LE, Cabrera D, Arrese MA, Vio CP, Bozinovic F, Inestrosa NC. Long-Term, Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome-Like Condition Is Associated with Higher Metabolism, Reduced Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Impairment in Octodon degus. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:9169-9187. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Li L, Byrd M, Doh K, Dixon PD, Lee H, Tiwari S, Ecelbarger CM. Absence of renal enlargement in fructose-fed proximal-tubule-select insulin receptor (IR), insulin-like-growth factor receptor (IGF1R) double knockout mice. Physiol Rep 2018; 4:4/23/e13052. [PMID: 27923977 PMCID: PMC5357825 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The major site of fructose metabolism in the kidney is the proximal tubule (PT). To test whether insulin and/or IGF1 signaling in the PT is involved in renal structural/functional responses to dietary fructose, we bred mice with dual knockout (KO) of the insulin receptor (IR) and the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in PT by Cre-lox recombination, using a γ-glutamyl transferase promoter. KO mice had slightly (~10%) reduced body and kidney weights, as well as, a reduction in mean protein-to-DNA ratio in kidney cortex suggesting smaller cell size. Under control diet, IR and IGF1R protein band densities were 30-50% (P < 0.05) lower than WT, and the relative difference was greater in male animals. Male, but not female KO, also had significantly reduced band densities for Akt (protein kinase B), phosphorylated AktT308 and IRY1162/1163 A high-fructose diet (1-month) led to a significant increase in kidney weight in WT males (12%), but not in KO males or in either genotype of female mice. Kidney enlargement in the WT males was accompanied by a small, insignificant fall in protein-to-DNA ratio, supporting hyperplasia rather than hypertrophy. Fructose feeding of male WT mice led to significantly higher sodium bicarbonate exchanger (NBCe1), sodium hydrogen exchanger (NHE3), sodium phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) abundances, as compared to male KO, suggesting elevated transport capacity and an early feature of fibrosis may have accompanied the renal enlargement. Overall, IR and/or IGF1R appear to have a role in PT cell size and enlargement in response to high-fructose diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Marcus Byrd
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kwame Doh
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Patrice D Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Hwal Lee
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Batacan RB, Duncan MJ, Dalbo VJ, Buitrago GL, Fenning AS. Effect of different intensities of physical activity on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in adult rats fed with a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2018; 7:109-119. [PMID: 30356452 PMCID: PMC6180540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and diet are 2 lifestyle factors that affect cardiometabolic risk. However, data on how a high-fat high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet influences the effect of different intensities of PA on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular function in a controlled setting are yet to be fully established. This study investigated the effect of sedentary behavior, light-intensity training (LIT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in HFHC-fed adult rats. METHODS Twelve-week-old Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups (12 rats/group): control (CTL), sedentary (SED), LIT, and HIIT. Biometric indices, glucose and lipid control, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, vascular reactivity, and cardiac electrophysiology of the experimental groups were examined after 12 weeks of HFHC-diet feeding and PA interventions. RESULTS The SED group had slower cardiac conduction (p = 0.0426) and greater thoracic aortic contractile responses (p < 0.05) compared with the CTL group. The LIT group showed improved cardiac conduction compared with the SED group (p = 0.0003), and the HIIT group showed decreased mesenteric artery contractile responses compared with all other groups and improved endothelium-dependent mesenteric artery relaxation compared with the LIT group (both p < 0.05). The LIT and HIIT groups had lower visceral (p = 0.0057 for LIT, p = 0.0120 for HIIT) and epididymal fat (p < 0.0001 for LIT, p = 0.0002 for HIIT) compared with the CTL group. CONCLUSION LIT induced positive adaptations on fat accumulation and cardiac conduction, and HIIT induced a positive effect on fat accumulation, mesenteric artery contraction, and endothelium-dependent relaxation. No other differences were observed between groups. These findings suggest that few positive health effects can be achieved through LIT and HIIT when consuming a chronic and sustained HFHC diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo B. Batacan
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
- Centre for Physical Activity Studies, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mitch J. Duncan
- School of Medicine & Public Health, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Vincent J. Dalbo
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Geraldine L. Buitrago
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Fenning
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
- Centre for Physical Activity Studies, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
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Meyers AM, Mourra D, Beeler JA. High fructose corn syrup induces metabolic dysregulation and altered dopamine signaling in the absence of obesity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190206. [PMID: 29287121 PMCID: PMC5747444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) to metabolic disorder and obesity, independent of high fat, energy-rich diets, is controversial. While high-fat diets are widely accepted as a rodent model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and metabolic disorder, the value of HFCS alone as a rodent model of DIO is unclear. Impaired dopamine function is associated with obesity and high fat diet, but the effect of HFCS on the dopamine system has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to test the effect of HFCS on weight gain, glucose regulation, and evoked dopamine release using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Mice (C57BL/6) received either water or 10% HFCS solution in combination with ad libitum chow for 15 weeks. HFCS consumption with chow diet did not induce weight gain compared to water, chow-only controls but did induce glucose dysregulation and reduced evoked dopamine release in the dorsolateral striatum. These data show that HFCS can contribute to metabolic disorder and altered dopamine function independent of weight gain and high-fat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Meyers
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University New York, Flushing, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Devry Mourra
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University New York, Flushing, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeff A. Beeler
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University New York, Flushing, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fructose diet alleviates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182977. [PMID: 28832650 PMCID: PMC5568217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic that can cause hepatotoxicity due to production of toxic metabolites via cytochrome P450 (Cyp) 1a2 and Cyp2e1. Previous studies have shown conflicting effects of fructose (the major component in Western diet) on the susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. To evaluate the role of fructose-supplemented diet in modulating the extent of APAP-induced liver injury, male C57BL/6J mice were given 30% (w/v) fructose in water (or regular water) for 8 weeks, followed by oral administration of APAP. APAP-induced liver injury (determined by serum levels of liver enzymes) was decreased by two-fold in mice pretreated with fructose. Fructose-treated mice exhibited (~1.5 fold) higher basal glutathione levels and (~2 fold) lower basal (mRNA and activity) levels of Cyp1a2 and Cyp2e1, suggesting decreased bioactivation of APAP and increased detoxification of toxic metabolite in fructose-fed mice. Hepatic mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 was also found increased in fructose-fed mice. Analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons from the cecal samples of vehicle groups showed that the fructose diet altered gut bacterial community, leading to increased α-diversity. The abundance of several bacterial taxa including the genus Anaerostipes was found to be significantly correlated with the levels of hepatic Cyp2e1, Cyp1a2 mRNA, and glutathione. Together, these results suggest that the fructose-supplemented diet decreases APAP-induced liver injury in mice, in part by reducing metabolic activation of APAP and inducing detoxification of toxic metabolites, potentially through altered composition of gut microbiota.
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Fat-enriched rather than high-fructose diets promote whitening of adipose tissue in a sex-dependent manner. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 49:22-29. [PMID: 28863366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of energy metabolism and an effector organ of excessive caloric intake. We studied the effects of high-fructose (HFruD), high-fat (HFD) and mixed high-sucrose and high-fat diet (HFHSD) on adipocyte morphology and biology and consecutive metabolic effects in male and female C57BL/6 mice. Forty male and 40 female mice were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups and fed for 10 weeks ad libitum. After 10 weeks of feeding, mice were analyzed in regard to glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and alteration in adipocyte morphology and function. Weight gain and diminished insulin sensitivity in HFD- and HFHSD-fed mice were accompanied by increased adipocyte size and a shift in size distribution towards larger adipocytes in all mice. The latter effect was also found but less pronounced in HFruD-fed mice, while insulin sensitivity and body weight remained unaffected. In male mice, expansion of white adipocytes along with decreased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) expression and alterations of mitochondrial biogenesis was found after HFD and HFHSD feeding, while in female mice, UCP-1 expression was also reduced in the HFruD dietary group. Diet-induced cellular alterations were less pronounced in female mice. Our data demonstrate that high-fat rather than high fructose consumption drives metabolically disadvantageous alterations of adipocyte differentiation involving whitening and insulin resistance in a sex-dependent manner with most deleterious effects seen upon administration of combined sucrose and fat-enriched diet in male mice.
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Masi LN, Martins AR, Crisma AR, do Amaral CL, Davanso MR, Serdan TDA, da Cunha de Sá RDC, Cruz MM, Alonso-Vale MIC, Torres RP, Mancini-Filho J, Pereira JNB, da Silva Righetti MM, Liberti EA, Hirabara SM, Curi R. Combination of a high-fat diet with sweetened condensed milk exacerbates inflammation and insulin resistance induced by each separately in mice. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28638152 PMCID: PMC5479812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesogenic diets increase body weight and cause insulin resistance (IR), however, the association of these changes with the main macronutrient in the diet remains to be elucidated. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with: control (CD), CD and sweetened condensed milk (HS), high-fat (HF), and HF and condensed milk (HSHF). After 2 months, increased body weight, glucose intolerance, adipocyte size and cholesterol levels were observed. As compared with CD, HS ingested the same amount of calories whereas HF and HSHF ingested less. HS had increased plasma AST activity and liver type I collagen. HF caused mild liver steatosis and hepatocellular damage. HF and HSHF increased LDL-cholesterol, hepatocyte and adipocyte hypertrophy, TNF-α by macrophages and decreased lipogenesis and adiponectin in adipose tissue (AT). HSHF exacerbated these effects, increasing IR, lipolysis, mRNA expression of F4/80 and leptin in AT, Tlr-4 in soleus muscle and IL-6, IL-1β, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 protein in AT. The three obesogenic diets induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction. HS was more proinflammatory than the HF and induced hepatic fibrosis. The HF was more detrimental in terms of insulin sensitivity, and it caused liver steatosis. The combination HSHF exacerbated the effects of each separately on insulin resistance and AT inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureane Nunes Masi
- Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro of Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Roque Martins
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Rabello Crisma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cátia Lira do Amaral
- Campus of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Goias, Anapolis, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues Davanso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maysa Mariana Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Pavan Torres
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mancini-Filho
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Aparecido Liberti
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro Massao Hirabara
- Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro of Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro of Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Batacan R, Fenning A, Dalbo V, Scanlan A, Duncan M, Moore R, Stanley D. A gut reaction: the combined influence of exercise and diet on gastrointestinal microbiota in rats. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122:1627-1638. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.B. Batacan
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - A.S. Fenning
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - V.J. Dalbo
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - A.T. Scanlan
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - M.J. Duncan
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
- School of Medicine & Public Health; Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition; Faculty of Health and Medicine; The University of Newcastle; University Drive; Callaghan New South Wales Australia
| | - R.J. Moore
- School of Science; RMIT University; Bundoora Victoria Australia
| | - D. Stanley
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland University; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
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34
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Soto M, Chaumontet C, Even PC, Azzout-Marniche D, Tomé D, Fromentin G. Metabolic effects of intermittent access to caloric or non-caloric sweetened solutions in mice fed a high-caloric diet. Physiol Behav 2017; 175:47-55. [PMID: 28347724 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human consumption of obesogenic diets and soft drinks, sweetened with different molecules, is increasing worldwide, and increases the risk of metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that the chronic consumption of caloric (sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), maltodextrin) and non-caloric (sucralose) solutions under 2-hour intermittent access, alongside the consumption of a high-fat high-sucrose diet, would result in differential obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice had ad libitum access to an HFHS diet and to water (water control group). In addition, some mice had access, 2h/day, 5days/week (randomly chosen) for 12weeks, to different solutions: i) a sucrose solution (2.1kJ/ml), ii) an HFCS solution (2.1kJ/ml), iii) a maltodextrin solution (2.1kJ/ml) and a sucralose solution (60mM) (n=15/group). Despite no changes in total caloric intake, 2h-intermittent access to the sucrose, HFCS or maltodextrin solutions led to increased body weight and accumulation of lipids in the liver when compared to the group consuming water only. The HFCS and sucrose solutions induced a higher fat mass in various fat depots, glucose intolerance, increased glucose oxidation at the expense of lipid oxidation, and a lower hypothalamic expression of NPY in the fasted state. HFCS also reduced proopiomelanocortin expression in the hypothalamus. 2h-intermittent access to sucralose did not result in significant changes in body composition, but caused a stronger expression of CART in the hypothalamus. Finally, sucrose intake showed a trend to increase the expression of various receptors in the nucleus accumbens, linked to dopamine, opioid and endocannabinoid signaling. In conclusion, 2h-intermittent access to caloric solutions (especially those sweetened with sucrose and HFCS), but not sucralose, resulted in adverse metabolic consequences in high-fat high-sucrose-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Soto
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chaumontet
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Patrick C Even
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Dalila Azzout-Marniche
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Tomé
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Fromentin
- AgroParisTech, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France; INRA, UMR914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Choi Y, Abdelmegeed MA, Song BJ. Diet high in fructose promotes liver steatosis and hepatocyte apoptosis in C57BL/6J female mice: Role of disturbed lipid homeostasis and increased oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:111-121. [PMID: 28257781 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of high (H)-fructose (FR) diet (D) (HFRD) on hepatic lipid homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis were investigated in 6-week old female C57BL/6J mice fed a regular chow (ContD) or HFRD (35% fructose-derived calories) for 3 weeks. HFRD-fed mice exhibited increased levels of hepatic steatosis with a significant elevation of serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and TNFα compared to ContD-fed mice (P<0.05). HFRD-fed mice exhibited ∼2.7- fold higher levels FAS along with significantly decreased protein levels of adiponection-R2 (∼30%), P-AMPK (∼60%), P-ACC (∼70%) and RXR-α (∼55%), suggesting decreased hepatic fat oxidation compared to controls. Interestingly, hepatic fatty acid uptake into hepatocytes and lipolysis were significantly increased in HFRD-fed mice, as shown by decreased CD36 and fatty acid transporter protein-2, and increased adipose triglyceride lipase, respectively (P<0.05). Increased hepatic levels of iNOS and GSSG/GSH suggest elevated oxidative stress with a higher number of macrophages in the adipose tissue in HFRD-fed mice (P<0.05). Significantly elevated rates of hepatocyte apoptosis (∼2.4-fold), as determined by TUNEL analysis with increased Bax/Bcl2 ratio and PARP-1 levels (∼2- and 1.5-fold, respectively), were observed in HFRD-fed mice. Thus, HFRD exposure increased hepatic steatosis accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngshim Choi
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Flores-Silva PC, Tovar J, Reynoso-Camacho R, Bello-Pérez LA. Impact of Chickpea- and Raw Plantain-Based Gluten-Free Snacks on Weight Gain, Serum Lipid Profile, and Insulin Resistance of Rats Fed with a High-Fructose Diet. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-03-16-0065-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juscelino Tovar
- Food for Health Science Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rosalia Reynoso-Camacho
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Mexico
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Fernandes MR, Lima NVD, Rezende KS, Santos ICM, Silva IS, Guimarães RDCA. Animal models of obesity in rodents. An integrative review. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:840-844. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160120000010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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38
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Zheng J, Gao C, Wang M, Tran P, Mai N, Finley JW, Heymsfield SB, Greenway FL, Li Z, Heber D, Burton JH, Johnson WD, Laine RA. Lower Doses of Fructose Extend Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Diet Suppl 2016; 14:264-277. [PMID: 27680107 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1212959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that the increased consumption of sugars including sucrose and fructose in beverages correlate with the prevalence of obesity, type-2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension in humans. A few reports suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In Anopheles gambiae, fructose, glucose, or glucose plus fructose also extended lifespan. New results presented here suggest that fructose extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) wild type (N2). C. elegans were fed standard laboratory food source (E. coli OP50), maintained in liquid culture. Experimental groups received additional glucose (111 mM), fructose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, or 555 mM), glucose (167 mM) plus fructose (167 mM) (G&F), or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS, 333 mM). In four replicate experiments, fructose dose-dependently increased mean lifespan at 55 mM or 111 m Min N2, but decreased lifespan at 555 mM (P < 0.001). Sucrose did not affect the lifespan. Glucose reduced lifespan (P < 0.001). Equal amount of G&F or HFCS reduced lifespan (P < 0.0001). Intestinal fat deposition (IFD) was increased at a higher dose of fructose (555 mM), glucose (111 mM), and sucrose (55 mM, 111 mM, and 555 mM). Here we report a biphasic effect of fructose increasing lifespan at lower doses and shortening lifespan at higher doses with an inverse effect on IFD. In view of reports that fructose increases lifespan in yeast, mosquitoes and now nematodes, while decreasing fat deposition (in nematodes) at lower concentrations, further research into the relationship of fructose to lifespan and fat accumulation in vertebrates and mammals is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolene Zheng
- a Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Chenfei Gao
- b School of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Louisiana State University Agriculture Center , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Mingming Wang
- b School of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Louisiana State University Agriculture Center , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Phuongmai Tran
- c Department of Biological Sciences, and Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Nancy Mai
- c Department of Biological Sciences, and Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - John W Finley
- b School of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Louisiana State University Agriculture Center , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- a Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Frank L Greenway
- a Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- d Department of Nutrition , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - David Heber
- d Department of Nutrition , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Jeffrey H Burton
- a Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - William D Johnson
- a Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - Roger A Laine
- c Department of Biological Sciences, and Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University and A & M College , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
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Heiss SN, Bates BR. When a Spoonful of Fallacies Helps the Sweetener Go Down: The Corn Refiner Association's Use of Straw-Person Arguments in Health Debates Surrounding High-Fructose Corn Syrup. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2016; 31:1029-1035. [PMID: 26756661 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2015.1027988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The American public is increasingly concerned about risks associated with food additives like high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). To promote its product as safe, the Corn Refiners Association (CRA) employed two forms of straw-person arguments. First, the CRA opportunistically misrepresented HFCS opposition as inept. Second, the CRA strategically chose to refute claims that were easier to defeat while remaining ambiguous about more complex points of contention. We argue that CRA's discursive contributions represented unreasonable yet sustainable use of straw-person arguments in debates surrounding health and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Heiss
- a College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Community Development and Applied Economics , University of Vermont
| | - Benjamin R Bates
- b Scripps College of Communication, School of Communication Studies , Ohio University
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40
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Zhao C, Castonguay TW. Effects of free access to sugar solutions on the control of energy intake. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2016.1149863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas W. Castonguay
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Pang J, Xi C, Huang X, Cui J, Gong H, Zhang T. Effects of Excess Energy Intake on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in C57BL/6 Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146675. [PMID: 26745179 PMCID: PMC4706434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess energy intake correlates with the development of metabolic disorders. However, different energy-dense foods have different effects on metabolism. To compare the effects of a high-fat diet, a high-fructose diet and a combination high-fat/high-fructose diet on glucose and lipid metabolism, male C57BL/6 mice were fed with one of four different diets for 3 months: standard chow; standard diet and access to fructose water; a high fat diet; and a high fat diet with fructose water. After 3 months of feeding, the high-fat and the combined high-fat/high-fructose groups showed significantly increased body weights, accompanied by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance; however, the high-fructose group was not different from the control group. All three energy-dense groups showed significantly higher visceral fat weights, total cholesterol concentrations, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations compared with the control group. Assays of basal metabolism showed that the respiratory quotient of the high-fat, the high-fructose, and the high-fat/high-fructose groups decreased compared with the control group. The present study confirmed the deleterious effect of high energy diets on body weight and metabolism, but suggested that the energy efficiency of the high-fructose diet was much lower than that of the high-fat diet. In addition, fructose supplementation did not worsen the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding alone on metabolism in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Xi
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tiemei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital & Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Barroso E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R, Chacón MR, Maymó-Masip E, Ferrer L, Salvadó L, Salmerón E, Wabistch M, Palomer X, Vendrell J, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M. PPARβ/δ ameliorates fructose-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes by preventing Nrf2 activation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1049-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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