1
|
Cunha MSE, Albuquerque RDS, Campos JGM, Monteiro FDDO, Rossy KDC, Cardoso TDS, Carvalho LS, Borges LPB, Domingues SFS, Thiesen R, Thiesen RMC, Teixeira PPM. Computed Tomography Evaluation of Frozen or Glycerinated Bradypus variegatus Cadavers: A Comprehensive View with Emphasis on Anatomical Aspects. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:355. [PMID: 38337999 PMCID: PMC10854505 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bradypus variegatus has unique anatomical characteristics, and many of its vascular and digestive tract aspects have yet to be clearly understood. This lack of information makes clinical diagnoses and surgical procedures difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical aspects of frozen and glycerinated corpses of B. variegatus using computed tomography (CT), emphasizing vascular and digestive contrast studies. Nine corpses that died during routine hospital were examined via CT in the supine position with scanning in the craniocaudal direction. In frozen cadavers, the contrast was injected into a cephalic vein after thawing and, subsequently, was administered orally. In addition to bone structures, CT allowed the identification of organs, soft tissues, and vascular structures in specimens. Visualization of soft tissues was better after contrast been administered intravenously and orally, even without active vascularization. Furthermore, the surfaces of the organs were highlighted by the glycerination method. With this technique, it was possible to describe part of the vascularization of the brachial, cervical, thoracic, and abdominal regions, in addition to highlighting the esophagus and part of the stomach. CT can be another tool for the evaluation of B. variegatus cadavers by anatomists or pathologists, contributing to the identification of anatomical structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Santos e Cunha
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Rodrigo dos Santos Albuquerque
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | | | | | - Kayan da Cunha Rossy
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Thiago da Silva Cardoso
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Lucas Santos Carvalho
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Luisa Pucci Bueno Borges
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Roberto Thiesen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Roberta Martins Crivelaro Thiesen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| | - Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Pará Federal University, Belém 68740-970, Brazil; (M.S.e.C.); (R.d.S.A.); (K.d.C.R.); (T.d.S.C.); (L.S.C.); (L.P.B.B.); (S.F.S.D.); (R.T.); (R.M.C.T.); (P.P.M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Birnbacher L, Braig EM, Pfeiffer D, Pfeiffer F, Herzen J. Quantitative X-ray phase contrast computed tomography with grating interferometry : Biomedical applications of quantitative X-ray grating-based phase contrast computed tomography. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:4171-4188. [PMID: 33846846 PMCID: PMC8566444 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ability of biomedical imaging data to be of quantitative nature is getting increasingly important with the ongoing developments in data science. In contrast to conventional attenuation-based X-ray imaging, grating-based phase contrast computed tomography (GBPC-CT) is a phase contrast micro-CT imaging technique that can provide high soft tissue contrast at high spatial resolution. While there is a variety of different phase contrast imaging techniques, GBPC-CT can be applied with laboratory X-ray sources and enables quantitative determination of electron density and effective atomic number. In this review article, we present quantitative GBPC-CT with the focus on biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Birnbacher
- Physics Department, Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Braig
- Physics Department, Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Pfeiffer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Physics Department, Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Herzen
- Physics Department, Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Notohamiprodjo S, Varasteh Z, Beer AJ, Niu G, Chen X(S, Weber W, Schwaiger M. Tumor Vasculature. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
4
|
Li HL, Ding H, Yin XZ, Chen ZH, Tang B, Sun JY, Hu XH, Lv X, Kang ST, Fan YS, Wu T, Zhao SF, Xiao B, Zhang MQ. Comparison of high-resolution synchrotron-radiation-based phase-contrast imaging and absorption-contrast imaging for evaluating microstructure of vascular networks in rat brain: from 2D to 3D views. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:2024-2032. [PMID: 31721747 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519011688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography have limited temporospatial resolutions and shortcomings like invasive angiography, potential allergy to contrast agents, and image deformation, that restrict their application in high-resolution visualization of the structure of microvessels. In this study, through comparing synchrotron radiation (SR) absorption-contrast imaging to absorption phase-contrast imaging, it was found that SR-based phase-contrast imaging could provide more detailed ultra-high-pixel images of microvascular networks than absorption phase-contrast imaging. Simultaneously, SR-based phase-contrast imaging was used to perform high-quality, multi-dimensional and multi-scale imaging of rat brain angioarchitecture. With the aid of image post-processing, high-pixel-size two-dimensional virtual slices can be obtained without sectioning. The distribution of blood supply is in accordance with the results of traditional tissue staining. Three-dimensional anatomical maps of cerebral angioarchitecture can also be acquired. Functional partitions of regions of interest are reproduced in the reconstructed rat cerebral vascular networks. Imaging analysis of the same sample can also be displayed simultaneously in two- and three-dimensional views, which provides abundant anatomical information together with parenchyma and vessels. In conclusion, SR-based phase-contrast imaging holds great promise for visualizing microstructure of microvascular networks in two- and three-dimensional perspectives during the development of neurovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Hui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Tong Kang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Shu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Feng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Qi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Advanced 3D Imaging of Uterine Leiomyoma's Morphology by Propagation-based Phase-Contrast Microtomography. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10580. [PMID: 31332223 PMCID: PMC6646365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign smooth muscle tumor in women pelvis, originating from the myometrium. It is caused by a disorder of fibrosis, with a large production and disruption of extracellular matrix (ECM). Medical treatments are still very limited and no preventative therapies have been developed. We supposed that synchrotron-based phase-contrast microtomography (PhC-microCT) may be an appropriate tool to assess the 3D morphology of uterine leiomyoma, without the use of any contrast agent. We used this technique to perform the imaging and the quantitative morphometric analysis of healthy myometrium and pathologic leiomyomas. The quantitative morphometric analysis of collagen bundles was coupled to the Roschger approach. This method, previously only used to evaluate mineralized bone density distribution, was applied here to study the fibrosis mass density distribution in healthy and pathologic biopsies from two patients. This protocol was shown to be powerful in studying uterine leiomyomas, detecting also small signs of the ECM alteration. This is of paramount importance not only for the follow-up of the present study, i.e. the investigation of different compounds and their possible therapeutic benefits, but also because it offers new methodologic possibilities for future studies of the ECM in soft tissues of different body districts.
Collapse
|
6
|
Duan J, Hu C, Qiu Q, Zhang J, Meng H, Wang K, Dong H, Wei H, Yin Y. Characterization of microvessels and parenchyma in in-line phase contrast imaging CT: healthy liver, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:1037-1046. [PMID: 31367557 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.06.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer with a poor prognosis, and approximately 80% of HCC cases develop from cirrhosis. Imaging techniques in the clinic seem to be insufficient for revealing the microstructures of liver disease. In recent years, phase contrast imaging CT (PCI-CT) has opened new avenues for biomedical applications owing to its unprecedented spatial and contrast resolution. The aim of this study was to present three-dimensional (3D) visualization of human healthy liver, cirrhosis and HCC using a PCI-CT technique called in-line phase contrast imaging CT (ILPCI-CT) and to quantitatively evaluate the variations of these tissues, focusing on the liver parenchyma and microvasculature. Methods Tissue samples from 9 surgical specimens of normal liver (n=3), cirrhotic liver (n=2), and HCC (n=4) were imaged using ILPCI-CT at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) without contrast agents. 3D visualization of all ex vivo liver samples are presented. To quantitatively evaluate the vessel features, the vessel branch angles of each sample were clearly depicted. Additionally, radiomic features of the liver parenchyma extracted from the 3D images were measured. To evaluate the stability of the features, the percent coefficient of variation (%COV) was calculated for each radiomic feature. A %COV <30 was considered to be low variation. Finally, one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test, was used to determine significant changes among the different liver specimens. Results ILPCI-CT allows for a clearer view of the architecture of the vessels and reveals more structural details than does conventional radiography. Combined with the 3D visualization technique, ILPCI-CT enables the acquisition of an accurate description of the 3D vessel morphology in liver samples. Qualitative descriptions and quantitative assessment of microvessels demonstrated clear differences among human healthy liver, cirrhotic liver and HCC. In total, 38 (approximately 51%) radiomic features had low variation, including 11 first-order features, 16 GLCM features, 6 GLRLM features and 5 GLSZM features. The differences in the mean vessel branch angles and 3 radiomic features (first-order entropy, GLCM-inverse variance and GLCM-sum entropy) were statistically significant among the three groups of samples. Conclusions ILPCI-CT may allow for morphologic descriptions and quantitative evaluation of vessel microstructures and parenchyma in human healthy liver, cirrhotic liver and HCC. Vessel branch angles and radiomic features extracted from liver parenchyma images can be used to distinguish the three kinds of liver tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Duan
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qingtao Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China
| | - Huipeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Keqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huajiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250117, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cao Y, Zhang M, Ding H, Chen Z, Tang B, Wu T, Xiao B, Duan C, Ni S, Jiang L, Luo Z, Li C, Zhao J, Liao S, Yin X, Fu Y, Xiao T, Lu H, Hu J. Synchrotron radiation micro-tomography for high-resolution neurovascular network morphology investigation. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:607-618. [PMID: 31074423 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519003060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in using high-resolution micro-tomography to investigate the morphology of neurovascular networks in the central nervous system, which remain difficult to characterize due to their microscopic size as well as their delicate and complex 3D structure. Synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging, which has emerged as a cutting-edge imaging technology with a high spatial resolution, provides a novel platform for the non-destructive imaging of microvasculature networks at a sub-micrometre scale. When coupled with computed tomography, this technique allows the characterization of the 3D morphology of vasculature. The current review focuses on recent progress in developing synchrotron radiation methodology and its application in probing neurovascular networks, especially the pathological changes associated with vascular abnormalities in various model systems. Furthermore, this tool represents a powerful imaging modality that improves our understanding of the complex biological interactions between vascular function and neuronal activity in both physiological and pathological states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuohui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianding Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyue Duan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangfei Ni
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixiang Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyun Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghui Liao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhen Yin
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Fu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility/Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 21204, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiqiao Xiao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility/Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 21204, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo Y, Yin X, Shi S, Ren X, Zhang H, Wang Z, Cao Y, Tang M, Xiao B, Zhang M. Non-destructive 3D Microtomography of Cerebral Angioarchitecture Changes Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats Using Synchrotron Radiation. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:5. [PMID: 30766481 PMCID: PMC6365468 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of functional changes in the cerebral microvasculature following ischemic injury is essential to elucidate the pathogenesis of stroke. Up to now, the simultaneous depiction and stereological analysis of 3D micro-architectural changes of brain vasculature with network disorders remains a technical challenge. We aimed to explore the three dimensional (3D) microstructural changes of microvasculature in the rat brain on 4, 6 hours, 3 and 18 days post-ischemia using synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT) with a per pixel size of 5.2 μm. The plasticity of angioarchitecture was distinctly visualized. Quantitative assessments of time-related trends after focal ischemia, including number of branches, number of nodes, and frequency distribution of vessel diameter, reached a peak at 6 h and significantly decreased at 3 days and initiated to form cavities. The detected pathological changes were also proven by histological tests. We depicted a novel methodology for the 3D analysis of vascular repair in ischemic injury, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Cerebral angioarchitecture sustained 3D remodeling and modification during the healing process. The results might provide a deeper insight into the compensatory mechanisms of microvasculature after injury, suggesting that SRμCT is able to provide a potential new platform for deepening imaging pathological changes in complicated angioarchitecture and evaluating potential therapeutic targets for stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianzhen Yin
- Center for Drug Delivery System, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shupeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolei Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuolu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China.,Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Hospital Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Structural Myocardial Alterations by Grating-Based Phase-Contrast Computed Tomography. Invest Radiol 2018; 53:26-34. [PMID: 28846552 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography (gb-PCCT) relies on x-ray refraction instead of absorption to generate high-contrast images in biological soft tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of gb-PCCT for the depiction of structural changes in heart disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four human heart specimens from patients with hypertensive disease, ischemic disease, dilated heart disease, and cardiac lipomatosis were examined. The gb-PCCT setup consisted of an x-ray tube (40 kV, 70 mA), grating-interferometer, and detector, and allowed simultaneous acquisition of phase- and absorption-contrast data. With histopathology as the standard of reference, myocardium (MC), fibrotic scar (FS), interstitial fibrosis (IF), and fatty tissue (FT) were visually and quantitatively evaluated. Systematic differences in absorption- and phase-contrast Hounsfield units (HUabs and HUp) were assessed. RESULTS Thirteen corresponding cross-sections were included, and MC, FS, IF, and FT were found in 13 (100%), 4 (30.8%), 7 (53.8%), and 13 (100%) cross-sections, respectively. Mean HUp/HUabs were 52.5/54.1, 86.6/69.7, 62.4/62.3, and -38.6/-258.9 for MC, FS, IF, and FT, respectively. An overlap in HUabs was observed for MC and IF (P = 0.84) but not for HUp (P < 0.01). Contrast-to-noise ratios were significantly higher in phase- than in absorption-contrast for MC/FT (35.4 vs 7.8; P < 0.01) and for MC/FS (12.3 vs 0.2; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Given its superior soft tissue contrast, gb-PCCT is able to depict structural changes in different cardiomyopathies, which can currently not be obtained by x-ray absorption-based imaging methods. If current technical limitations can be overcome, gb-PCCT may evolve as a powerful tool for the anatomical assessment of cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
|
10
|
Giuliani A, Mazzoni S, Mele L, Liccardo D, Tromba G, Langer M. Synchrotron Phase Tomography: An Emerging Imaging Method for Microvessel Detection in Engineered Bone of Craniofacial Districts. Front Physiol 2017; 8:769. [PMID: 29085301 PMCID: PMC5649129 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The engineering of large 3D constructs, such as certain craniofacial bone districts, is nowadays a critical challenge. Indeed, the amount of oxygen needed for cell survival is able to reach a maximum diffusion distance of ~150–200 μm from the original vascularization vector, often hampering the long-term survival of the regenerated tissues. Thus, the rapid growth of new blood vessels, delivering oxygen and nutrients also to the inner cells of the bone grafts, is mandatory for their long-term function in clinical practice. Unfortunately, significant progress in this direction is currently hindered by a lack of methods with which to visualize these processes in 3D and reliably quantify them. In this regard, a challenging method for simultaneous 3D imaging and analysis of microvascularization and bone microstructure has emerged in recent years: it is based on the use of synchrotron phase tomography. This technique is able to simultaneously identify multiple tissue features in a craniofacial bone site (e.g., the microvascular and the calcified tissue structure). Moreover, it overcomes the intrinsic limitations of both histology, achieving only a 2D characterization, and conventional tomographic approaches, poorly resolving the vascularization net in the case of an incomplete filling of the newly formed microvessels by contrast agents. Indeed, phase tomography, being based on phase differences among the scattered X-ray waves, is capable of discriminating tissues with similar absorption coefficients (like vessels and woven bone) in defined experimental conditions. The approach reviewed here is based on the most recent experiences applied to bone regeneration in the craniofacial region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Giuliani
- Sezione di Biochimica, Biologia e Fisica Applicata, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Mazzoni
- Sezione di Biochimica, Biologia e Fisica Applicata, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigi Mele
- Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liccardo
- Sezione di Biotecnologie, Istologia Medica e Biologia Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Max Langer
- Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitment d'Images pour la Santé (CREATIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5220, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1206, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hetterich H, Webber N, Willner M, Herzen J, Birnbacher L, Auweter S, Schüller U, Bamberg F, Notohamiprodjo S, Bartsch H, Wolf J, Marschner M, Pfeiffer F, Reiser M, Saam T. Dark-field imaging in coronary atherosclerosis. Eur J Radiol 2017; 94:38-45. [PMID: 28941758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dark-field imaging based on small angle X-ray scattering has been shown to be highly sensitive for microcalcifications, e.g. in breast tissue. We hypothesized (i) that high signal areas in dark-field imaging of atherosclerotic plaque are associated with microcalcifications and (ii) that dark-field imaging is more sensitive for microcalcifications than attenuation-based imaging. METHODS Fifteen coronary artery specimens were examined at an experimental set-up consisting of X-ray tube (40kV), grating-interferometer and detector. Tomographic dark-field-, attenuation-, and phase-contrast data were simultaneously acquired. Histopathology served as standard of reference. To explore the potential of dark field imaging in a full-body CT system, simulations were carried out with spherical calcifications of different sizes to simulate small and intermediate microcalcifications. RESULTS Microcalcifications were present in 10/10 (100%) cross-sections with high dark-field signal and without evidence of calcifications in attenuation- or phase contrast. In positive controls with high signal areas in all three modalities, 10/10 (100%) cross-sections showed macrocalcifications. In negative controls without high signal areas, no calcifications were detected. Simulations showed that the microcalcifications generate substantially higher dark-field than attenuation signal. CONCLUSIONS Dark-field imaging is highly sensitive for microcalcifications in coronary atherosclerotic plaque and might provide complementary information in the assessment of plaque instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Hetterich
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nicole Webber
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Marian Willner
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Julia Herzen
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Lorenz Birnbacher
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Sigrid Auweter
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Center for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany; Institute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Germany; Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Susan Notohamiprodjo
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Bartsch
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Wolf
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias Marschner
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Physics Department & Institute for Medical Engineering, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reiser
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Saam
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin YC, Hwu Y, Huang GS, Hsiao M, Lee TT, Yang SM, Lee TK, Chen NY, Yang SS, Chen A, Ka SM. Differential synchrotron X-ray imaging markers based on the renal microvasculature for tubulointerstitial lesions and glomerulopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3488. [PMID: 28615647 PMCID: PMC5471266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution synchrotron microtomography capable of revealing microvessels in three dimensional (3D) establishes distinct imaging markers of mouse kidney disease strongly associated to renal tubulointerstitial (TI) lesions and glomerulopathy. Two complementary mouse models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), were used and five candidates of unique 3D imaging markers were identified. Our characterization to differentially reflect the altered microvasculature of renal TI lesions and/or glomerulopathy demonstrated these image features can be used to differentiate the disease status and the possible cause therefore qualified as image markers. These 3D imaging markers were further correlated with the histopathology and renal microvessel-based molecular study using antibodies against vascular endothelial cells (CD31), the connective tissue growth factor or the vascular endothelial growth factor. We also found that these 3D imaging markers individually characterize the development of renal TI lesions or glomerulopathy, quantitative and integrated use of all of them provide more information for differentiating the two renal conditions. Our findings thus establish a practical strategy to characterize the CKD-associated renal injuries by the microangiography-based 3D imaging and highlight the impact of dysfunctional microvasculature as a whole on the pathogenesis of the renal lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeukuang Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Tse Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Min Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Kuo Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Yow Chen
- National Center for High-Performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ann Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qualitative and Quantitative Imaging Evaluation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes with Grating-based X-ray Phase-contrast CT. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45400. [PMID: 28361951 PMCID: PMC5374440 DOI: 10.1038/srep45400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current clinical imaging methods face limitations in the detection and correct characterization of different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), while these are important for therapy and prognosis. The present study evaluates the potential of grating-based X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (gbPC-CT) for visualization and characterization of human RCC subtypes. The imaging results for 23 ex vivo formalin-fixed human kidney specimens obtained with phase-contrast CT were compared to the results of the absorption-based CT (gbCT), clinical CT and a 3T MRI and validated using histology. Regions of interest were placed on each specimen for quantitative evaluation. Qualitative and quantitative gbPC-CT imaging could significantly discriminate between normal kidney cortex (54 ± 4 HUp) and clear cell (42 ± 10), papillary (43 ± 6) and chromophobe RCCs (39 ± 7), p < 0.05 respectively. The sensitivity for detection of tumor areas was 100%, 50% and 40% for gbPC-CT, gbCT and clinical CT, respectively. RCC architecture like fibrous strands, pseudocapsules, necrosis or hyalinization was depicted clearly in gbPC-CT and was not equally well visualized in gbCT, clinical CT and MRI. The results show that gbPC-CT enables improved discrimination of normal kidney parenchyma and tumorous tissues as well as different soft-tissue components of RCCs without the use of contrast media.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hu J, Li P, Yin X, Wu T, Cao Y, Yang Z, Jiang L, Hu S, Lu H. Nondestructive imaging of the internal microstructure of vessels and nerve fibers in rat spinal cord using phase-contrast synchrotron radiation microtomography. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:482-489. [PMID: 28244444 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577517000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The spinal cord is the primary neurological link between the brain and other parts of the body, but unlike those of the brain, advances in spinal cord imaging have been challenged by the more complicated and inhomogeneous anatomy of the spine. Fortunately with the advancement of high technology, phase-contrast synchrotron radiation microtomography has become widespread in scientific research because of its ability to generate high-quality and high-resolution images. In this study, this method has been employed for nondestructive imaging of the internal microstructure of rat spinal cord. Furthermore, digital virtual slices based on phase-contrast synchrotron radiation were compared with conventional histological sections. The three-dimensional internal microstructure of the intramedullary arteries and nerve fibers was vividly detected within the same spinal cord specimen without the application of a stain or contrast agent or sectioning. With the aid of image post-processing, an optimization of vessel and nerve fiber images was obtained. The findings indicated that phase-contrast synchrotron radiation microtomography is unique in the field of three-dimensional imaging and sets novel standards for pathophysiological investigations in various neurovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhen Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianding Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiping Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Centre of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gradl R, Zanette I, Ruiz-Yaniz M, Dierolf M, Rack A, Zaslansky P, Pfeiffer F. Mass Density Measurement of Mineralized Tissue with Grating-Based X-Ray Phase Tomography. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167797. [PMID: 28002416 PMCID: PMC5176275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishing the mineral content distribution in highly mineralized tissues, such as bones and teeth, is fundamental in understanding a variety of structural questions ranging from studies of the mechanical properties to improved pathological investigations. However, non-destructive, volumetric and quantitative density measurements of mineralized samples, some of which may extend several mm in size, remain challenging. Here, we demonstrate the potential of grating-based x-ray phase tomography to gain insight into the three-dimensional mass density distribution of tooth tissues in a non-destructive way and with a sensitivity of 85 mg/cm3. Density gradients of 13 − 19% over 1 − 2 mm within typical samples are detected, and local variations in density of 0.4 g/cm3 on a length scale of 0.1 mm are revealed. This method proves to be an excellent quantitative tool for investigations of subtle differences in mineral content of mineralized tissues that can change following treatment or during ageing and healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regine Gradl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Irene Zanette
- Department of Physics and Institute for Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Maite Ruiz-Yaniz
- Department of Physics and Institute for Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- The European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Martin Dierolf
- Department of Physics and Institute for Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Rack
- The European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Paul Zaslansky
- Julius Wolff Institute and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Department of Physics and Institute for Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Forton SM, Latourette MT, Parys M, Kiupel M, Shahriari D, Sakamoto JS, Shapiro EM. In Vivo Microcomputed Tomography of Nanocrystal-Doped Tissue Engineered Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:508-516. [PMID: 30035211 PMCID: PMC6054471 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered scaffolds (TES) hold promise for improving the outcome of cell-based therapeutic strategies for a variety of biomedical scenarios, including musculoskeletal injuries, soft tissue repair, and spinal cord injury. Key to TES research and development, and clinical use, is the ability to longitudinally monitor TES location, orientation, integrity, and microstructure following implantation. Here, we describe a strategy for using microcomputed tomography (microCT) to visualize TES following implantation into mice. TES were doped with highly radiopaque gadolinium oxide nanocrystals and were implanted into the hind limbs of mice. Mice underwent serial microCT over 23 weeks. TES were clearly visible over the entire time course. Alginate scaffolds underwent a 20% volume reduction over the first 6 weeks, stabilizing over the next 17 weeks. Agarose scaffold volumes were unchanged. TES attenuation was also unchanged over the entire time course, indicating a lack of nanocrystal dissolution or leakage. Histology at the implant site showed the presence of very mild inflammation, typical for a mild foreign body reaction. Blood work indicated marked elevation in liver enzymes, and hematology measured significant reduction in white blood cell counts. While extrapolation of the X-ray induced effects on hematopoiesis in these mice to humans is not straightforward, clearly this is an area for careful monitoring. Taken together, these data lend strong support that doping TES with radiopaque nanocrystals and performing microCT imaging, represents a possible strategy for enabling serial in vivo monitoring of TES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey M. Forton
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Matthew T. Latourette
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Maciej Parys
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Dena Shahriari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jeff S. Sakamoto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Erik M. Shapiro
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Coudrillier B, Geraldes DM, Vo NT, Atwood R, Reinhard C, Campbell IC, Raji Y, Albon J, Abel RL, Ethier CR. Phase-Contrast Micro-Computed Tomography Measurements of the Intraocular Pressure-Induced Deformation of the Porcine Lamina Cribrosa. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:988-99. [PMID: 26642429 PMCID: PMC6551371 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2504440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The lamina cribrosa (LC) is a complex mesh-like tissue in the posterior eye. Its biomechanical environment is thought to play a major role in glaucoma, the second most common cause of blindness. Due to its small size and relative inaccessibility, high-resolution measurements of LC deformation, important in characterizing LC biomechanics, are challenging. Here we present a novel noninvasive imaging method, which enables measurement of the three-dimensional deformation of the LC caused by acute elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Posterior segments of porcine eyes were imaged using synchrotron radiation phase contrast micro-computed tomography (PC μCT) at IOPs between 6 and 37 mmHg. The complex trabecular architecture of the LC was reconstructed with an isotropic spatial resolution of 3.2 μm. Scans acquired at different IOPs were analyzed with digital volume correlation (DVC) to compute full-field deformation within the LC. IOP elevation caused substantial tensile, shearing and compressive devformation within the LC, with maximum tensile strains at 30 mmHg averaging 5.5%, and compressive strains reaching 20%. We conclude that PC μCT provides a novel high-resolution method for imaging the LC, and when combined with DVC, allows for full-field 3D measurement of ex vivo LC biomechanics at high spatial resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Coudrillier
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Diogo M. Geraldes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nghia T. Vo
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Robert Atwood
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Christina Reinhard
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Ian C. Campbell
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA
| | - Yazdan Raji
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Julie Albon
- Optic Nerve Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Richard L. Abel
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - C. Ross Ethier
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen-Chen X, Yadav AK, Kai Z, Yi-Feng P, Qing-Xi Y, Pei-Ping Z, Li-Jin F, Xu-Dong X, A-Shan W, Guang-Yu T. Synchrotron radiation (SR) diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) mode. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 24:145-159. [PMID: 26890903 DOI: 10.3233/xst-160534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate microstructural changes in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) rabbit model under diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) technology of synchrotron radiation (SR). MATERIALS AND METHODS The chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) models were obtained within two months after 5 New Zealand white rabbits were treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride. Blood exams, urine tests and kidney histological studies were carried out after the 5 rabbits were humanely sacrificed by hyperanesthesia. The kidney tissues were fixed in 4% formalin for one week before DEI experiment, with another 5 normal rabbits used as the control group. The experiment was performed at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) with a 4W1A beam line (beam energy was 14keV). On routine scanning process, the rocking curve was detected, and slope position on the curve was selected to make a 360° spatial CT scan; DEI reconstruction software was used to generate a 3-dimensional image, from which the difference in grey value between the chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) group and the control group was measured and analyzed using MATLAB and SPSS. RESULT Without radio-contrast, DEI provided clear visibility of the microstructures including artery, vein, straight collecting ducts, papillary tubules, glomeruli in both the chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) group and the control group, with a spatial resolution as low as 10μm. MATLAB grey value extraction and SPSS analysis showed that cortex of CGN group (91 to 112) lost more gray value compared to the control group (121 to 141), T tests P < 0.05. Equivalant cortical ROI (data points 450×80) quantitative analysis showed that gross grey value of CGN group (ranking from 55 to 160) was smaller than the control group (ranking from 75 to 175). DEI images correlated well with pathologic images. Morphological changes in the microstructure of contstartabstractCGN kidney was revealed, due to the advantage of phase-contrast imaging (PCI) mechanism, and the diagnostic value of CGN by synchrotron radiation (SR) phase-contrast imaging (PCI) technology was evaluated. CONCLUSION Synchrotron radiation (SR) diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) experiment makes non-contrast CGN diagnosis possible in the rabbit model studied. With improvement of laboratory equipment and image analyzer in clinical practice, diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) could fundamentally become a new diagnostic method for CGN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen-Chen
- Radiology Department of Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arun Kumar Yadav
- Radiology Department of Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Kai
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yi-Feng
- Radiology Department of Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Qing-Xi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Pei-Ping
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Li-Jin
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Xu-Dong
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu A-Shan
- Faculty of applicative statistical mathematics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tang Guang-Yu
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Three-dimensional non-destructive soft-tissue visualization with X-ray staining micro-tomography. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14088. [PMID: 26404036 PMCID: PMC4585898 DOI: 10.1038/srep14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low inherent contrast in soft tissues has been limiting the use of X-ray absorption micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to access high-resolution structural information of animal organs. The staining agents used in micro-CT to improve the contrast fail in providing high-quality images of whole organs of animals due to diffusion problems of the staining agent into the sample. We demonstrate a staining protocol that incorporates a biochemical conditioning step prior to exposure to the staining agent that succeeds in overcoming the diffusion problems, thus quickly providing high-quality micro-CT images of whole organs of mammals. Besides of yielding non-distorted three-dimensional information at the same spatial resolution accessible in histological sections, micro-CT images of whole organs stained by our method enable easy screening of slices along any direction of the volume thus demonstrating new possibilities of structural analysis in biomedical science.
Collapse
|
20
|
Xuan R, Zhao X, Hu D, Jian J, Wang T, Hu C. Three-dimensional visualization of the microvasculature of bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis in rats by x-ray phase-contrast imaging computed tomography. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26212186 PMCID: PMC4515745 DOI: 10.1038/srep11500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray phase-contrast imaging (PCI) can substantially enhance contrast, and is particularly useful in differentiating biological soft tissues with small density differences. Combined with computed tomography (CT), PCI-CT enables the acquisition of accurate microstructures inside biological samples. In this study, liver microvasculature was visualized without contrast agents in vitro with PCI-CT using liver fibrosis samples induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats. The histological section examination confirmed the correspondence of CT images with the microvascular morphology of the samples. By means of the PCI-CT and three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique, 3D microvascular structures in samples from different stages of liver fibrosis were clearly revealed. Different types of blood vessels, including portal veins and hepatic veins, in addition to ductular proliferation and bile ducts, could be distinguished with good sensitivity, excellent specificity and excellent accuracy. The study showed that PCI-CT could assess the morphological changes in liver microvasculature that result from fibrosis and allow characterization of the anatomical and pathological features of the microvasculature. With further development of PCI-CT technique, it may become a novel noninvasive imaging technique for the auxiliary analysis of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijiao Xuan
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Doudou Hu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianbo Jian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tailing Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| |
Collapse
|