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Gregersen I, Scarth ME, Abdullah R, Thorsby PM, Hauger LE, Haugaa KH, Sagen EL, Michelsen AE, Ueland T, Edvardsen T, Aukrust P, Almaas VM, Bjørnebekk AK, Halvorsen B. Elevated interleukin 8 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 levels are associated with myocardial pathology in users of anabolic-androgenic steroids. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1469-1476. [PMID: 38573232 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS In the current paper, we aim to explore the effect of both current and former long-term anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use on regulation of systemic inflammatory markers and mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and their association with hormones and echocardiographic myocardial pathology in weightlifters. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cross-sectional study, 93 weightlifting AAS users, of whom 62 were current and 31 were past users, with at least 1-year cumulative AAS use (mean 11 ± 7 accumulated years of AAS use), were compared with 54 non-using weightlifting controls (WLCs) using clinical interview, blood pressure measurements, and echocardiography. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interferon (IFN)-γ, growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, sex hormones, and lipids were analysed. It was found that serum levels of IL-8, GDF-15, and MMP-9 were significantly increased in current AAS users compared with former users and WLCs. Matrix metalloproteinase 9, but not IL-8, correlated consistently with sex hormone levels, and sex hormone levels correlated consistently with mean wall thickness, in current users. Moreover, HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in current vs. former AAS users and significantly inversely correlated with MMP-9 in current users. Further, in current users, MMP-9 and IL-8 correlated with markers of myocardial strain, and MMP-9 also correlated with indices of cardiac mass, which was not seen in former users. Mediation analyses suggested that MMP-9 could partly explain hormone-induced alterations in markers of myocardial damage in current users. CONCLUSION Long-term AAS is associated with increased levels of markers of inflammation and ECM remodelling, which seems to have a hormone-dependent (MMP-9) and a hormone-independent (IL-8) association with markers of myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Gregersen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Morgan Elizabeth Scarth
- Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, Section of Clinical Addiction Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 21, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rang Abdullah
- Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, Section of Clinical Addiction Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 21, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Research-Based Innovation, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Medbøe Thorsby
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Trondheimsveien 235,0586 Oslo, Norway
- Biochemical Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Trondheimsveien 235, 0586 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa E Hauger
- Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, Section of Clinical Addiction Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 21, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- National Centre for Epilepsy, Section of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Oslo University Hospital, Henriksens vei, Sandvika, Norway
| | - Kristina H Haugaa
- ProCardio Center for Research-Based Innovation, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Lund Sagen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- ProCardio Center for Research-Based Innovation, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vibeke Marie Almaas
- ProCardio Center for Research-Based Innovation, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid Kristine Bjørnebekk
- Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, Section of Clinical Addiction Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 21, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
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Urbanowicz T, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Wojtasińska E, Filipiak KJ, Tomaszewska M, Sikora J, Krama M, Radek Z, Grodecki K, Krasińska-Płachta A, Krasińska B, Krasiński Z, Tykarski A, Jemielity M, Rupa-Matysek J. Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Advanced Heart Failure Patients-Preliminary Report. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9633. [PMID: 39273580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In end-stage heart failure, which is characterized by persistent or progressive ventricular dysfunction despite optimal medical therapy, a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can be beneficial. Congestive heart failure provokes inflammatory and prothrombotic activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum concentration of citrullinated histone 3 (CH3) representing neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in patients referred for LVAD implantation. There were 10 patients with a median age of 61 (57-65) years enrolled in a prospective single-center analysis who underwent LVAD implantation. The CH3 plasma concentration was measured preoperatively and on the 1st and 7th postoperative days, followed by control measurements on the median (Q1-3) 88th (49-143) day. The preoperative CH3 concentration strongly correlated with brain natriuretic peptide (r = 0.879, p < 0.001). Significant differences in CH3 serum concentration were observed between pre- and postoperative measurements, including an increase on the first postoperative day (p < 0.001), as well as a decrease on the seventh day (p = 0.016) and in follow-up (p < 0.001). CH3 concentration, as a marker of NET formation, decreases after LVAD implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wojtasińska
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Clinical Science, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jędrzej Sikora
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Krama
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zofia Radek
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kajetan Grodecki
- 1st Cardiology Department, Warsaw University of Medical Sciences, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Beata Krasińska
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Krasiński
- Department of Vascular, Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Science, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Rupa-Matysek
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-107 Poznan, Poland
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3
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Veeram A, Shaikh TB, Kaur R, Chowdary EA, Andugulapati SB, Sistla R. Yohimbine Treatment Alleviates Cardiac Inflammation/Injury and Improves Cardiac Hemodynamics by Modulating Pro-Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Indicators. Inflammation 2024; 47:1423-1443. [PMID: 38466531 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocarditis, also known as myocardial inflammation, is a self-limited condition caused by systemic infection with cardiotropic pathogens, primarily viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Despite significant research, inflammatory cardiomyopathy exacerbated by heart failure, arrhythmia, or left ventricular dysfunction and it has a dismal prognosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of yohimbine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced myocarditis in rat model. The anti-inflammatory activity of yohimbine was assessed in in-vitro using RAW 264.7 and H9C2 cells. Myocarditis was induced in rats by injecting LPS (10 mg/kg), following the rats were treated with dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) or yohimbine (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) for 12 h and their therapeutic activity was examined using various techniques. Yohimbine treatment significantly attenuated the LPS-mediated inflammatory markers expression in the in-vitro model. In-vivo studies proved that yohimbine treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced increase of cardiac-specific markers, inflammatory cell counts, and pro-inflammatory markers expression compared to LPS-control samples. LPS administration considerably affected the ECG, RR, PR, QRS, QT, ST intervals, and hemodynamic parameters, and caused abnormal pathological parameters, in contrast, yohimbine treatment substantially improved the cardiac parameters, mitigated the apoptosis in myocardial cells and ameliorated the histopathological abnormalities that resulted in an improved survival rate. LPS-induced elevation of cardiac troponin-I, myeloperoxidase, CD-68, and neutrophil elastase levels were significantly attenuated upon yohimbine treatment. Further investigation showed that yohimbine exerts an anti-inflammatory effect partly by modulating the MAPK pathway. This study emphasizes yohimbine's therapeutic benefit against LPS-induced myocarditis and associated inflammatory markers response by regulating the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Veeram
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Taslim B Shaikh
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - E Abhisheik Chowdary
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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Hou Q, Jiang J, Na K, Zhang X, Liu D, Jing Q, Yan C, Han Y. Bioinformatics analyses of potentially common pathogenic networks for primary Sjögren's syndrome complicated with acute myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19276. [PMID: 37935719 PMCID: PMC10630427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Both primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are intricately linked. However, their common mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, we examined the underlying network of molecular action associated with developing this complication. Datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. We performed enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses and screened key genes. We used external datasets to confirm the diagnostic performance for these hub genes. Transcription factor and microRNA regulatory networks were constructed for the validated hub genes. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking validation were performed. We identified 62 common DEGs, many of which were enriched regarding inflammation and immune response. 5 DEGs were found as key hub genes (IGSF6, MMP9, S100A8, MNDA, and NCF2). They had high diagnostic performance in external datasets. Functional enrichment of these five hub genes showed that they were associated with the adaptive immune response. The Type 1T helper cell showed the most association among all cell types related to AMI and pSS. We identified 36 common TFs and 49 identical TF-miRNAs. The drugs, including Benzo, dexamethasone, and NADP, were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Herein, we revealed common networks involving pSS and AMI etiologies. Knowledge of these networks and hub genes can enhance research into their associated mechanism and the development of future robust therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular), the Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kun Na
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Quanmin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular), the Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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5
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Chrysakis N, Xanthopoulos A, Magouliotis D, Starling RC, Drakos SG, Triposkiadis F, Skoularigis J. Myocardial Recovery. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081504. [PMID: 37189604 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the feasibility of myocardial recovery is analyzed through a literature review. First, the phenomena of remodeling and reverse remodeling are analyzed, approached through the physics of elastic bodies, and the terms myocardial depression and myocardial recovery are defined. Continuing, potential biochemical, molecular, and imaging markers of myocardial recovery are reviewed. Then, the work focuses on therapeutic techniques that can facilitate the reverse remodeling of the myocardium. Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) systems are one of the main ways to promote cardiac recovery. The changes that take place in cardiac hypertrophy, extracellular matrix, cell populations and their structural elements, β-receptors, energetics, and several biological processes, are reviewed. The attempt to wean the patients who experienced cardiac recovery from cardiac assist device systems is also discussed. The characteristics of the patients who will benefit from LVAD are presented and the heterogeneity of the studies performed in terms of patient populations included, diagnostic tests performed, and their results are addressed. The experience with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) as another way to promote reverse remodeling is also reviewed. Myocardial recovery is a phenomenon that presents with a continuous spectrum of phenotypes. There is a need for algorithms to screen suitable patients who may benefit and identify specific ways to enhance this phenomenon in order to help combat the heart failure epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Chrysakis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Andrew Xanthopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Magouliotis
- Unit of Quality Improvement, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Randall C Starling
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Stavros G Drakos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Filippos Triposkiadis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - John Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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6
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Liu Y, Zhang D, Yin D. Pathophysiological Effects of Various Interleukins on Primary Cell Types in Common Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076497. [PMID: 37047468 PMCID: PMC10095356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) are the most common heart diseases, yet there is currently no effective therapy due to their complex pathogenesis. Cardiomyocytes (CMs), fibroblasts (FBs), endothelial cells (ECs), and immune cells are the primary cell types involved in heart disorders, and, thus, targeting a specific cell type for the treatment of heart disease may be more effective. The same interleukin may have various effects on different kinds of cell types in heart disease, yet the exact role of interleukins and their pathophysiological pathways on primary cell types remain largely unexplored. This review will focus on the pathophysiological effects of various interleukins including the IL-1 family (IL-1, IL-18, IL-33, IL-37), IL-2, IL-4, the IL-6 family (IL-6 and IL-11), IL-8, IL-10, IL-17 on primary cell types in common heart disease, which may contribute to the more precise and effective treatment of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (D.Y.)
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7
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Khalid N, Patel PD, Alghareeb R, Hussain A, Maheshwari MV. The Effect of Sepsis on Myocardial Function: A Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnostic Criteria, and Treatment. Cureus 2022; 14:e26178. [PMID: 35891864 PMCID: PMC9306401 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains a worldwide challenge for physicians with many patients admitted to ICUs with septic shock. Septic shock management involves targeted treatment to control infections, reduce end-organ damage, and reverse the injury. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction or septic cardiomyopathy remains an avenue to be explored with regard to underlying pathophysiology and definite treatment guidelines. This article has compiled various studies to explain the possible mechanisms involved in the development of septic cardiomyopathy and the existing diagnostic criteria including radiological and laboratory tests to assess septic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, the article highlights management options currently available for physicians dealing with myocardial dysfunction secondary to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeeha Khalid
- Cardiology, Omar Hospital and Cardiac Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Pragnesh D Patel
- Research, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | | | - Afshan Hussain
- Research, Dow Medical College and Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Marvi V Maheshwari
- Research, Our Lady of Fatima University College of Medicine, Valenzuela, PHL
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8
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Guo X, Ji Q, Wu M, Ma W. Naringin attenuates acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via miR- 126/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370102. [PMID: 35416858 PMCID: PMC9000977 DOI: 10.1590/acb370102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the mechanisms
contributing to the high mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction. Purpose: This study intended to study the role of naringin in cardiac I/R injury. Methods: AC16 cells (human cardiomyocyte cell line) were subjected to oxygen-glucose
deprivation/recovery (OGD/R) treatment and/or naringin pretreatment. Then,
the apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and Western blotting. The
concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α was measured by enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. How naringin influenced microRNA
expression was examined by microarrays and quantitative real-time polymerase
chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Dual luciferase reporter assay was employed to
evaluate the interaction between miR-126 and GSK-3β. The GSK-3β/β-catenin
signaling pathway was examined by Western blotting. Finally, rat myocardial
I/R model was created to examine the effects of naringin in
vivo. Results: Naringin pretreatment significantly decreased the cytokine release and
apoptosis of cardiomyocytes exposed to OGD/R. Bioinformatical analysis
revealed that naringin upregulated miR-126 expression considerably. Also, it
was found that miR-126 can bind GSK-3β and downregulate its expression,
suggesting that naringin could decrease GSK-3β activity. Next, we discovered
that naringin increased β-catenin activity in cardiomyocytes treated with
OGD/R by inhibiting GSK-3β expression. Our animal experiments showed that
naringin pre-treatment or miR-126 agomir alleviated myocardial I/R. Conclusions: Naringin preconditioning can reduce myocardial I/R injury via regulating
miR-126/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and this chemical can be used to
treat acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mei Wu
- Shandong University, China
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9
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Thomas AM, Chaban V, Pischke SE, Orrem HL, Bosnes V, Sunde K, Seljeflot I, Lundqvist C, Nakstad ER, Andersen GØ, Schjalm C, Mollnes TE, Barratt-Due A. Complement ratios C3bc/C3 and sC5b-9/C5 do not increase the sensitivity of detecting acute complement activation systemically. Mol Immunol 2021; 141:273-279. [PMID: 34906905 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complement activation plays an important pathogenic role in numerous diseases. The ratio between an activation product and its parent protein is suggested to be more sensitive to detect complement activation than the activation product itself. In the present study we explored whether the ratio between the activation product and the parent protein for C3 (C3bc/C3) and for C5 (sC5b-9/C5) increased the sensitivity to detect complement activation in acute clinical settings compared to the activation product alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from patients with acute heart failure following ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) and from patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) were used. C3, C3bc and C5, sC5b-9 were analysed in 629 and 672 patient samples, respectively. Healthy controls (n = 20) served to determine reference cut-off values for activation products and ratios, defined as two SD above the mean. RESULTS Increased C3bc/C3- and sC5b-9/C5 ratios were vastly dependent on C3bc and sC5b-9. Thus, 99.5 % and 98.1 % of the increased C3bc/C3- and sC5b-9/C5 ratios were solely dependent on increased C3bc and sC5b-9, respectively. Significantly decreased C3 and C5 caused increased ratios in only 3/600 (0.5 %) and 4/319 (1.3 %) samples, respectively. Strong correlations between C3bc and C3bc/C3-ratio and between sC5b-9 and sC5b-9/C5-ratio were found in the STEMI- (r = 0.926 and r = 0.786, respectively) and the OHCA-population (r = 0.908 and r = 0.843, respectively; p < 0.0001 for all). Importantly, sC5b-9 identified worse outcome groups better than sC5b-9/C5-ratio. CONCLUSION C3bc and sC5b-9 were sensitive markers of complement activation. The ratios of C3bc/C3 and sC5b-9/C5 did not improve detection of complement activation systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anub Mathew Thomas
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Norway
| | - Viktoriia Chaban
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren E Pischke
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Hilde Lang Orrem
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Vidar Bosnes
- Department of Immunology, Section of Medical Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Sunde
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Christofer Lundqvist
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Rostrup Nakstad
- Norwegian National Unit for CBRNE Medicine, Division of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Camilla Schjalm
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway; K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Barratt-Due
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
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10
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Reina-Couto M, Pereira-Terra P, Quelhas-Santos J, Silva-Pereira C, Albino-Teixeira A, Sousa T. Inflammation in Human Heart Failure: Major Mediators and Therapeutic Targets. Front Physiol 2021; 12:746494. [PMID: 34707513 PMCID: PMC8543018 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.746494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been recognized as a major pathophysiological contributor to the entire spectrum of human heart failure (HF), including HF with reduced ejection fraction, HF with preserved ejection fraction, acute HF and cardiogenic shock. Nevertheless, the results of several trials attempting anti-inflammatory strategies in HF patients have not been consistent or motivating and the clinical implementation of anti-inflammatory treatments for HF still requires larger and longer trials, as well as novel and/or more specific drugs. The present work reviews the different inflammatory mechanisms contributing to each type of HF, the major inflammatory mediators involved, namely tumor necrosis factor alpha, the interleukins 1, 6, 8, 10, 18, and 33, C-reactive protein and the enzymes myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and their effects on heart function. Furthermore, several trials targeting these mediators or involving other anti-inflammatory treatments in human HF are also described and analyzed. Future therapeutic advances will likely involve tailored anti-inflammatory treatments according to the patient's inflammatory profile, as well as the development of resolution pharmacology aimed at stimulating resolution of inflammation pathways in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Reina-Couto
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto (MedInUP), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira-Terra
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Janete Quelhas-Santos
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Silva-Pereira
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto (MedInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - António Albino-Teixeira
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto (MedInUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Sousa
- Departamento de Biomedicina – Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto (MedInUP), Porto, Portugal
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11
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Tucker B, Vaidya K, Cochran BJ, Patel S. Inflammation during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention-Prognostic Value, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061391. [PMID: 34199975 PMCID: PMC8230292 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Periprocedural myocardial injury and myocardial infarction (MI) are not infrequent complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and are associated with greater short- and long-term mortality. There is an abundance of preclinical and observational data demonstrating that high levels of pre-, intra- and post-procedural inflammation are associated with a higher incidence of periprocedural myonecrosis as well as future ischaemic events, heart failure hospitalisations and cardiac-related mortality. Beyond inflammation associated with the underlying coronary pathology, PCI itself elicits an acute inflammatory response. PCI-induced inflammation is driven by a combination of direct endothelial damage, liberation of intra-plaque proinflammatory debris and reperfusion injury. Therefore, anti-inflammatory medications, such as colchicine, may provide a novel means of improving PCI outcomes in both the short- and long-term. This review summarises periprocedural MI epidemiology and pathophysiology, evaluates the prognostic value of pre-, intra- and post-procedural inflammation, dissects the mechanisms involved in the acute inflammatory response to PCI and discusses the potential for periprocedural anti-inflammatory treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Tucker
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown 2042, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia;
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia;
| | - Kaivan Vaidya
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia;
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Blake J. Cochran
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia;
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza St., Newtown 2042, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2050, Australia;
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9515-6111
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12
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Lebedeva A, Fitzgerald W, Molodtsov I, Shpektor A, Vasilieva E, Margolis L. Differential clusterization of soluble and extracellular vesicle-associated cytokines in myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21114. [PMID: 33273611 PMCID: PMC7713058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A proinflammatory dysregulation of cytokine release is associated with various diseases, in particular with those of infectious etiology, as well as with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We showed earlier that cytokines are released in two forms, soluble and in association with extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we investigated the patterns of expression and clustering of soluble and EV-associated cytokines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We collected plasma samples from 48 volunteers without CVD and 62 patients with STEMI, separated soluble and EV fractions, and analyzed them for 33 cytokines using a multiplexed bead-based assay. We identified soluble and EV-associated cytokines that are upregulated in STEMI and form correlative clusters. Several clustered soluble cytokines were expressed almost exclusively in patients with STEMI. EV-associated cytokines were largely not affected by STEMI, except for pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-18, and MIG, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-2 that were upregulated in a correlated fashion. Our results demonstrated that soluble cytokines in patients with STEMI are upregulated in a coordinated fashion in contrast to the mainly unaffected system of EV-associated cytokines. Identification of cytokine clusters affected differently by STEMI now permits investigation of their differential contributions to this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 11/6 Yauzskaya Street, Moscow, Russia, 119027.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University of Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wendy Fitzgerald
- Section On Intercellular Interactions, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ivan Molodtsov
- N.F. Gamaleya Federal National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, 18 Gamaleya Street, Moscow, Russia, 123098
| | - Alexander Shpektor
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 11/6 Yauzskaya Street, Moscow, Russia, 119027
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 11/6 Yauzskaya Street, Moscow, Russia, 119027.
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Section On Intercellular Interactions, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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13
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Langseth MS, Andersen GØ, Husebye T, Arnesen H, Zucknick M, Solheim S, Eritsland J, Seljeflot I, Opstad TB, Helseth R. Neutrophil extracellular trap components and myocardial recovery in post-ischemic acute heart failure. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241333. [PMID: 33119664 PMCID: PMC7595325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in acute heart failure is unknown. We recently showed that interleukin 8, a putative NETs stimulator, was associated with myocardial recovery in acute heart failure complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this exploratory post-hoc study, we aimed to investigate the role of NETs components in relation to myocardial function and interleukin 8 in STEMI patients with symptomatic acute heart failure. Methods In 61 STEMI patients developing acute heart failure within 48 hours of successful revascularization, wall motion score index (WMSI), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed by echocardiography at baseline and on day 5. Blood drawn at baseline and days 1, 2 and 5 was used to quantify double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes (MPO-DNA) and citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3). The area under the curve (AUC) of each NETs marker and interleukin 8 was approximated for the first 5 days. Results dsDNAAUC and MPO-DNAAUC correlated significantly with change in WMSI from baseline to day 5 (rs = 0.28 for both, p≤0.05), whereas NETs AUCs did not correlate with changes in GLS and LVEF. dsDNAAUC was significantly correlated with interleukin 8AUC (r = 0.40, p = 0.003). However, mixed model regression could not identify a significant effect of the NETs components on myocardial function parameters. Conclusions In this cohort with acute heart failure complicating STEMI, NETs components were partly correlated with myocardial function and interleukin 8 levels, yet no causal relationship between NETs components and myocardial recovery could be established. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT00324766.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sjåstad Langseth
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken HF, Drammen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Geir Øystein Andersen
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve Husebye
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuela Zucknick
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Eritsland
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Baur Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Helseth
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, and it is the primary cause of mortality in the elderly worldwide. The processes of inflammatory response activation, production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of the complement system, synthesis of autoantibodies, and overexpression of Class II major histocompatibility complex molecules contribute to the HF development and progression. High levels of circulating cytokines correlate with the severity of HF, measured with the use of New York Heart Association's classification, and prognosis of the disease. In HF, there is an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Concentrations of several interleukins are increased in HF, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, and IL-18, whereas the levels of IL-5, IL-7, or IL-33 are down-regulated. Concentrations of inflammatory mediators are associated with cardiac function and can be HF markers and predictors of adverse outcomes or mortality. This review presents the role of interleukins, which contribute to the HF initiation and progression, the importance of their pathways in transition from myocardial injury to HF, and the role of interleukins as markers of disease severity and outcome predictors.
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15
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Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamadris S, Vogiatzi G, Antonopoulos A, Fountoulakis P, Goliopoulou A, Papaioannou S, Tousoulis D. Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4624-4647. [PMID: 32282296 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200413082353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to present the interplay between cytokines and their actions preceding and shortly after ACS. METHODS We searched in a systemic manner the most relevant articles to the topic of inflammation, cytokines, vulnerable plaque and myocardial infarction in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and EMBASE databases. RESULTS Different classes of cytokines (intereleukin [IL]-1 family, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) family, chemokines, adipokines, interferons) are implicated in the entire process leading to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, and consequently, to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Especially IL-1 and TNF-α family are involved in inflammatory cell accumulation, vulnerable plaque formation, platelet aggregation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and adverse remodeling following the myocardial infarction. Several cytokines such as IL-6, adiponectin, interferon-γ, appear with significant prognostic value in ACS patients. Thus, research interest focuses on the modulation of inflammation in ACS to improve clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Understanding the unique characteristics that accompany each cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction could illuminate the signaling pathways involved in plaque destabilization and indicate future treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular prognosis in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tsalamadris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Goliopoulou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papaioannou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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16
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Battisha A, Sawalha K, Madoukh B, Sheikh O, Doughem K, Al-Akchar M, Al-Sadawi M, Shaikh S. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Systemic Mastocytosis: Case Report With Literature Review on the Role of Inflammatory Process in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Curr Cardiol Rev 2020; 16:333-337. [PMID: 32228426 PMCID: PMC7903504 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x16666200331123242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic Mastocytosis (SM) is a disorder of excessive mast cell infiltration in multiple organ tissues. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for developing acute coronary syndrome. In addition to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of plaque rupture and activating the thrombosis cascade. The Mast cells contribution to plaque destabilization has been well established in multiple animal and human studies. In a recent study, SM has been proven to be associated with a higher incidence of acute coronary syndrome even with lower plasma lipids levels. The study showed that 20% of patients with SM had cardiovascular events compared to only 6% in the control group with adjustment to all cardiac risk factors. Case We presented a patient with no risk factors for heart disease other than old age and history of SM who developed acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion SM can be life-threatening and can result in ACS, anaphylactic reaction, syncope, or cardiac arrest. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurrence in the setting of inflammatory conditions, such as SM and KS, and vice versa, where SM should be considered or ruled out in patients who suffer from anaphylaxis and cardiac arrest or myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Battisha
- University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01107, United States
| | - Khalid Sawalha
- University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01107, United States
| | - Bader Madoukh
- Overland Park Regional Medical Center-HCA Midwest Health, Kansas, KS 66215, United States
| | - Omar Sheikh
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX78229, United States
| | - Karim Doughem
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Mohammad Al-Akchar
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62701, United States
| | - Mohammed Al-Sadawi
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Shakil Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
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17
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Shetelig C, Limalanathan S, Hoffmann P, Seljeflot I, Gran JM, Eritsland J, Andersen GØ. Association of IL-8 With Infarct Size and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With STEMI. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:187-198. [PMID: 29976293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the role of interleukin (IL)-8 in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to evaluate, in STEMI patients, the temporal profile of IL-8 and possible associations with left ventricular (LV) function and remodeling, infarct size, microvascular obstruction, myocardial salvage, and future clinical events. METHODS A total of 258 patients with STEMI were included. Blood samples were drawn before and immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), at day 1, and after 4 months. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed in the acute phase and after 4 months. Clinical events were registered during 12 months' follow-up and all-cause mortality after median 70 months' follow-up. RESULTS Patients with IL-8 levels greater than the median measured both immediately after PCI and at day 1 had larger final infarct size, lower LV ejection fraction, larger increase in LV end-diastolic volume, and higher frequency of microvascular obstruction. After multivariate adjustment, high IL-8 levels at day 1 were associated with an increased risk of developing a large MI and having reduced LV ejection fraction at 4 months, also after adjustment for peak troponin value. Patients with IL-8 levels in the highest quartile measured at all sampling points were more likely to have a clinical event during the first 12 months after the MI and had lower overall survival during long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS High levels of circulating IL-8 were associated with large infarct size, impaired recovery of LV function, and adverse clinical outcome in patients with STEMI, suggesting IL-8 as a future therapeutic target based on its important role in post-infarction inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Shetelig
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Shanmuganathan Limalanathan
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; National Association for Heart and Lung Diseases Clinics, Feiring Heart Clinic, Feiring, Norway
| | - Pavel Hoffmann
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Section of Interventional Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon M Gran
- Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Eritsland
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Ø Andersen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Granger CB, Kochar A. Understanding and Targeting Inflammation in Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Elusive Goal. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:199-201. [PMID: 29976294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Granger
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Ajar Kochar
- Duke Clinical Research Institute and the Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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19
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Li X, Li B, Jiang H. Identification of time‑series differentially expressed genes and pathways associated with heart failure post‑myocardial infarction using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:5281-5290. [PMID: 31059043 PMCID: PMC6522961 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) secondary to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a public health concern. The current study aimed to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their possible function in HF post-myocardial infarction. The GSE59867 dataset included microarray data from peripheral blood samples obtained from HF and non-HF patients following AMI at 4 time points (admission, discharge, and 1 and 6 months post-AMI). Time-series DEGs were analyzed using R Bioconductor. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, followed by analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). A total of 108 DEGs on admission, 32 DEGs on discharge, 41 DEGs at 1 month post-AMI and 19 DEGs at 6 months post-AMI were identified. Among these DEGs, 4 genes were downregulated at all the 4 time points. These included fatty acid desaturase 2, leucine rich repeat neuronal protein 3, G-protein coupled receptor 15 and adenylate kinase 5. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in ‘inflammatory response’, ‘immune response’, ‘toll-like receptor signaling pathway’ and ‘NF-κβ signaling pathway’. Furthermore, PPI network analysis revealed that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 and interleukin 1β were hub genes. The current study identified candidate DEGs and pathways that may serve important roles in the development of HF following AMI. The results obtained in the current study may guide the development of novel therapeutic agents for HF following AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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20
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Yang F, Zhao LN, Sun Y, Chen Z. Levosimendan as a new force in the treatment of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: mechanism and clinical application. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1817-1828. [PMID: 30958071 PMCID: PMC6567749 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519837103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is one of the organs most vulnerable to sepsis. This review describes the general characteristics of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and the main pathogenesis of myocardial dysfunction in sepsis. Levosimendan is a novel drug for treatment of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. This review also elaborates on the pathogenesis of levosimendan, including the mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory effects, improvement of myocardial ischaemia, increased synthesis of nitric oxide, vascular endothelial cell protection, increased myocardial contractility, improved diastolic function, and inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression. Many clinical studies have proven that levosimendan effectively prevents myocardial dysfunction in sepsis. In addition to the widespread use of levosimendan in patients with heart failure, the role of levosimendan in the treatment of patients with sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy will be increasingly studied and applied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chi Feng City Hospital, Inner Mongolia Province, Chifeng, China
| | - Li Na Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chi Feng City Hospital, Inner Mongolia Province, Chifeng, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chi Feng City Hospital, Inner Mongolia Province, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chi Feng City Hospital, Inner Mongolia Province, Chifeng, China
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21
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Bartekova M, Radosinska J, Jelemensky M, Dhalla NS. Role of cytokines and inflammation in heart function during health and disease. Heart Fail Rev 2019; 23:733-758. [PMID: 29862462 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-018-9716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
By virtue of their actions on NF-κB, an inflammatory nuclear transcription factor, various cytokines have been documented to play important regulatory roles in determining cardiac function under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Several cytokines including TNF-α, TGF-β, and different interleukins such as IL-1 IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 are involved in the development of various inflammatory cardiac pathologies, namely ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiomyopathies. In ischemia-related pathologies, most of the cytokines are released into the circulation and serve as biological markers of inflammation. Furthermore, there is an evidence of their direct role in the pathogenesis of ischemic injury, suggesting cytokines as potential targets for the development of some anti-ischemic therapies. On the other hand, certain cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are involved in the post-ischemic tissue repair and thus are considered to exert beneficial effects on cardiac function. Conflicting reports regarding the role of some cytokines in inducing cardiac dysfunction in heart failure and different types of cardiomyopathies seem to be due to differences in the nature, duration, and degree of heart disease as well as the concentrations of some cytokines in the circulation. In spite of extensive research work in this field of investigation, no satisfactory anti-cytokine therapy for improving cardiac function in any type of heart disease is available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bartekova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Radosinska
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marek Jelemensky
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Naranjan S Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Center, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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22
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Martinelli AEM, Maranhão RC, Carvalho PO, Freitas FR, Silva BMO, Curiati MNC, Kalil Filho R, Pereira-Barretto AC. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), HDL capacity of receiving cholesterol and status of inflammatory cytokines in patients with severe heart failure. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:242. [PMID: 30342531 PMCID: PMC6195750 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) courses with chronic inflammatory process and alterations in lipid metabolism may aggravate the disease. The aim was to test whether the severity of HF, using brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a marker, is associated with alterations in functional aspects of HDL, such as lipid transfer, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) concentration. METHODS Twenty-five HF patients in NYHA class I/II and 23 in class III/IV were enrolled. Plasma lipids, apolipoproteins, CETP, LCAT, oxidized-LDL (oxLDL) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity were determined. Lipid transfer from a donor artificial nanoparticle to HDL was measured by in vitro assay. RESULTS Total cholesterol (p = 0.049), LDL-C (p = 0.023), non-HDL-C (p = 0.029) and CETP, that promotes lipid transfer among lipoproteins (p = 0.013), were lower in III/IV than in I/II group. Triglycerides, HDL-C, apo A-I, apo B, oxLDL, LCAT, enzyme that catalyzes serum cholesterol esterification, PON-1 activity, and in vitro transfers of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids to HDL, important steps in HDL metabolism, were equal. IL-8 was higher in III/IV (p = 0.025), but TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 were equal. BNP was negatively correlated with CETP (r = - 0.294; p = 0.042) and positively correlated with IL-8 (r = 0.299; p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Our results disclosed the relationship between CETP levels and HF severity, by comparing two HF groups and by correlation analysis. Lower CETP levels may be a marker of HF aggravation and possibly of worse prognosis. Practical applications of this initial finding, as the issue whether CETP could be protective against HF aggravation, should be explored in larger experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elisa M Martinelli
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Priscila O Carvalho
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Fatima R Freitas
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna M O Silva
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Milena N C Curiati
- Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, Brazil.,Servico de Prevencao e Reabilitacao Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil Filho
- Laboratorio de Metabolismo e Lipides, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. 1° subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Pereira-Barretto
- Servico de Prevencao e Reabilitacao Cardiovascular, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Orrem HL, Nilsson PH, Pischke SE, Grindheim G, Garred P, Seljeflot I, Husebye T, Aukrust P, Yndestad A, Andersen GØ, Barratt‐Due A, Mollnes TE. Acute heart failure following myocardial infarction: complement activation correlates with the severity of heart failure in patients developing cardiogenic shock. ESC Heart Fail 2018; 5:292-301. [PMID: 29424484 PMCID: PMC5933968 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure (HF) is an impending complication to myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that the degree of complement activation reflects severity of HF following acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS The LEAF trial (LEvosimendan in Acute heart Failure following myocardial infarction) evaluating 61 patients developing HF within 48 h after percutaneous coronary intervention-treated ST-elevation myocardial infarction herein underwent a post hoc analysis. Blood samples were drawn from inclusion to Day 5 and at 42 day follow-up, and biomarkers were measured with enzyme immunoassays. Regional myocardial contractility was measured by echocardiography as wall motion score index (WMSI). The cardiogenic shock group (n = 9) was compared with the non-shock group (n = 52). Controls (n = 44) were age-matched and sex-matched healthy individuals. C4bc, C3bc, C3bBbP, and sC5b-9 were elevated in patients at inclusion compared with controls (P < 0.01). The shock group had higher levels compared with the non-shock group for all activation products except C3bBbP (P < 0.05). At Day 42, all products were higher in the shock group (P < 0.05). In the shock group, sC5b-9 correlated significantly with WMSI at baseline (r = 0.68; P = 0.045) and at Day 42 (r = 0.84; P = 0.036). Peak sC5b-9 level correlated strongly with WMSI at Day 42 (r = 0.98; P = 0.005). Circulating endothelial cell activation markers sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were higher in the shock group during the acute phase (P < 0.01), and their peak levels correlated with sC5b-9 peak level in the whole HF population (r = 0.32; P = 0.014 and r = 0.30; P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Complement activation discriminated cardiogenic shock from non-shock in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by HF and correlated with regional contractility and endothelial cell activation, suggesting a pathogenic role of complement in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde L. Orrem
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital, RikshospitaletOsloNorway
| | - Per H. Nilsson
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital, RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research CentreUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Linnaeus Centre for Biomaterials ChemistryLinnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden
| | - Søren E. Pischke
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital, RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, RikshospitaletOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Guro Grindheim
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, RikshospitaletOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart ResearchOslo University Hospital, UllevålOsloNorway
- Department of CardiologyOslo University Hospital, UllevålOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Trygve Husebye
- Department of CardiologyOslo University Hospital, UllevålOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Center of Heart Failure ResearchUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research CentreUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious DiseasesOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research CentreUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Center of Heart Failure ResearchUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Geir Ø. Andersen
- Center for Clinical Heart ResearchOslo University Hospital, UllevålOsloNorway
- Department of CardiologyOslo University Hospital, UllevålOsloNorway
- Center of Heart Failure ResearchUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Andreas Barratt‐Due
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital, RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, RikshospitaletOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Tom E. Mollnes
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital, RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research CentreUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Research Laboratory Nordland Hospital, Bodø and K.G. Jebsen TRECUniversity of TromsøTromsøNorway
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation ResearchNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
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24
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Obad A, Peeran A, Little JI, Haddad GE, Tarzami ST. Alcohol-Mediated Organ Damages: Heart and Brain. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:81. [PMID: 29487525 PMCID: PMC5816804 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most commonly abused substances in the United States. Chronic consumption of ethanol has been responsible for numerous chronic diseases and conditions globally. The underlying mechanism of liver injury has been studied in depth, however, far fewer studies have examined other organs especially the heart and the central nervous system (CNS). The authors conducted a narrative review on the relationship of alcohol with heart disease and dementia. With that in mind, a complex relationship between inflammation and cardiovascular disease and dementia has been long proposed but inflammatory biomarkers have gained more attention lately. In this review we examine some of the consequences of the altered cytokine regulation that occurs in alcoholics in organs other than the liver. The article reviews the potential role of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α in predicting dementia and/or cardiovascular disease. It was found that TNF-α could promote and accelerate local inflammation and damage through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. Unraveling the mechanisms linking chronic alcohol consumption with proinflammatory cytokine production and subsequent inflammatory signaling pathways activation in the heart and CNS, is essential to improve our understanding of the disease and hopefully facilitate the development of new remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sima T. Tarzami
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
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25
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DuSablon A, Parks J, Whitehurst K, Estes H, Chase R, Vlahos E, Sharma U, Wert D, Virag J. EphrinA1-Fc attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189307. [PMID: 29236774 PMCID: PMC5728502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
EphrinA1, a membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase ligand expressed in healthy cardiomyocytes, is lost in injured cells following myocardial infarction. Previously, we have reported that a single intramyocardial injection of chimeric ephrinA1-Fc at the time of ischemia reduced injury in the nonreperfused myocardium by 50% at 4 days post-MI by reducing apoptosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. In a clinically relevant model of acute ischemia (30min)/reperfusion (24hr or 4 days) injury, we now demonstrate that ephrinA1-Fc reduces infarct size by 46% and completely preserves cardiac function (ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and chamber dimensions) in the short-term (24hrs post-MI) as well as long-term (4 days). At 24 hours post-MI, diminished serum inflammatory cell chemoattractants in ephrinA1-Fc-treated mice reduces recruitment of neutrophils and leukocytes into the myocardium. Differences in relative expression levels of EphA-Rs are described in the context of their putative role in mediating cardioprotection. Validation by Western blotting of selected targets from mass spectrometry analyses of pooled samples of left ventricular tissue homogenates from mice that underwent 30min ischemia and 24hr of reperfusion (I/R) indicates that ephrinA1-Fc administration alters several regulators of signaling pathways that attenuate apoptosis, promote autophagy, and shift from FA metabolism in favor of increased glycolysis to optimize anaerobic ATP production. Taken together, reduced injury is due a combination of adaptive metabolic reprogramming, improved cell survival, and decreased inflammatory cell recruitment, suggesting that ephrinA1-Fc enhances the capacity of the heart to withstand an ischemic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin DuSablon
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Justin Parks
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - K’Shylah Whitehurst
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Heather Estes
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert Chase
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eleftherios Vlahos
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Uma Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David Wert
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jitka Virag
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Cai X, Wang X, Li J, Chen S. Protective effect of glycyrrhizin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress, inducible nitric oxide synthase and inflammatory reactions through high-mobility group box 1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase expression. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1219-1226. [PMID: 28810581 PMCID: PMC5525634 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizin, which is a type of perennial leguminous caudex, has been used in various Asian countries, including P.R. China, India and Japan, for thousands of years. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of glycyrrhizin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through oxidative stress, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and inflammatory reactions via high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: Sham; myocardial I/R injury + non-treated; myocardial I/R injury + 2 mg/kg glycyrrhizin; myocardial I/R injury + 4 mg/kg glycyrrhizin; and myocardial I/R injury + 10 mg/kg glycyrrhizin. Pre-treatment with glycyrrhizin significantly reduced infarct size and inhibited creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase and cardiac troponin T activities in rats with myocardial I/R injury. Furthermore, glycyrrhizin treatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress, iNOS protein expression and inflammatory reactions in rats with myocardial I/R injury. Additionally, treatment with glycyrrhizin significantly decreased the release of HMGB1 from the cerebral cortex into the serum in rats with myocardial I/R injury. Notably, glycyrrhizin significantly suppressed p-ERK, p-p38 MAPK and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase protein expressions, and promoted extracellular signal-regulated kinase protein expression in rats with myocardial I/R injury. Collectively, the present study indicates that the protective effect of glycyrrhizin may reduce myocardial I/R injury through oxidative stress, iNOS and inflammatory reactions, via HMGB1 and MAPK expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangna Cai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jilin Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Ms. Shuying Chen, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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27
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Lukovic D, Zlabinger K, Gugerell A, Spannbauer A, Pavo N, Mandic L, Weidenauer DT, Kastl S, Kaun C, Posa A, Sabdyusheva Litschauer I, Winkler J, Gyöngyösi M. Inhibition of CD34+ cell migration by matrix metalloproteinase-2 during acute myocardial ischemia, counteracted by ischemic preconditioning. F1000Res 2016; 5:2739. [PMID: 28299177 PMCID: PMC5321121 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9957.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Mobilization of bone marrow-origin CD34+ cells was investigated 3 days (3d) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with/without ischemic preconditioning (IP) in relation to stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1α)/ chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis, to search for possible mechanisms behind insufficient cardiac repair in the first days post-AMI.
Methods. Closed-chest reperfused AMI was performed by percutaneous balloon occlusion of the mid-left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for 90min, followed by reperfusion in pigs. Animals were randomized to receive either IP initiated by 3x5min cycles of re-occlusion/re-flow prior to AMI (n=6) or control AMI (n=12). Blood samples were collected at baseline, 3d post-AMI, and at 1-month follow-up to analyse chemokines and mobilized CD34+ cells. To investigate the effect of acute hypoxia, SDF-1α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2
in vitro were assessed, and a migration assay of CD34+ cells toward cardiomyocytes was performed.
Results. Reperfused AMI induced significant mobilisation of CD34+ cells (baseline: 260±75 vs. 3d: 668±180; P<0.001) and secretion of MMP-2 (baseline: 291.83±53.40 vs. 3d: 369.64±72.89; P=0.011) into plasma, without affecting the SDF-1α concentration. IP led to the inhibition of MMP-2 (IP: 165.67±47.99 vs. AMI: 369.64±72.89; P=0.004) 3d post-AMI, accompanied by increased release of SDF-1α (baseline: 23.80±12.36 vs. 3d: 45.29±11.31; P=0.05) and CXCR4 (baseline: 0.59±0.16 vs. 3d: 2.06±1.42; P=0.034), with a parallel higher level of mobilisation of CD34+ cells (IP: 881±126 vs. AMI: 668±180; P=0.026), compared to non-conditioned AMI.
In vitro, CD34+ cell migration toward cardiomyocytes was enhanced by SDF-1α, which was completely abolished by 90min hypoxia and co-incubation with MMP-2.
Conclusions. Non-conditioned AMI induces MMP-2 release, hampering the ischemia-induced increase in SDF-1α and CXCR4 by cleaving the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, with diminished mobilization of the angiogenic CD34+ cells. IP might influence CD34+ cell mobilization via inhibition of MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Lukovic
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Zlabinger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Noemi Pavo
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ljubica Mandic
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Kastl
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kaun
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aniko Posa
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Winkler
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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28
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Chemokines and Heart Disease: A Network Connecting Cardiovascular Biology to Immune and Autonomic Nervous Systems. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5902947. [PMID: 27242392 PMCID: PMC4868905 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5902947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the chemokines discovered to date, nineteen are presently considered to be relevant in heart disease and are involved in all stages of cardiovascular response to injury. Chemokines are interesting as biomarkers to predict risk of cardiovascular events in apparently healthy people and as possible therapeutic targets. Moreover, they could have a role as mediators of crosstalk between immune and cardiovascular system, since they seem to act as a “working-network” in deep linkage with the autonomic nervous system. In this paper we will describe the single chemokines more involved in heart diseases; then we will present a comprehensive perspective of them as a complex network connecting the cardiovascular system to both the immune and the autonomic nervous systems. Finally, some recent evidences indicating chemokines as a possible new tool to predict cardiovascular risk will be described.
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29
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Zykov MV, Barbarash OL, Kashtalap VV, Kutikhin AG, Barbarash LS. Interleukin-12 serum level has prognostic value in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Heart Lung 2016; 45:336-40. [PMID: 27094852 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate whether serum inflammatory markers have prognostic value in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). BACKGROUND The role of cytokine-driven inflammation in the development of postdischarge complications after STEMI is obscured. METHODS We recruited 214 patients who were admitted within 24 h of STEMI onset to our Institute. IL-1α, -6, -8, -10, -12, TNF-α, and CRP serum levels were measured on the 10-14th day after STEMI onset. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-12, TNF-α, and CRP were significantly higher in patients with 3 affected coronary arteries compared to those with 1 affected coronary artery. However, only Killip class II-IV at admission and IL-12 serum level ≥90.0 pg/mL were defined as statistically significant predictors of adverse outcome after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION IL-12 serum level may be suggested as a candidate prognostic marker if measured 10-14 days after STEMI onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Zykov
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Boulevard 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation
| | - Olga L Barbarash
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Boulevard 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation; Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Voroshilova Street 22A, Kemerovo 650029, Russian Federation
| | - Vasiliy V Kashtalap
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Boulevard 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation; Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Voroshilova Street 22A, Kemerovo 650029, Russian Federation
| | - Anton G Kutikhin
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Boulevard 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation.
| | - Leonid S Barbarash
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sosnovy Boulevard 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation
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