1
|
Zou Y, Li J, Su H, Dechsupa N, Liu J, Wang L. Mincle as a potential intervention target for the prevention of inflammation and fibrosis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:103. [PMID: 38639174 PMCID: PMC11058355 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage‑inducible C‑type lectin receptor (Mincle) is predominantly found on antigen‑presenting cells. It can recognize specific ligands when stimulated by certain pathogens such as fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This recognition triggers the activation of the nuclear factor‑κB pathway, leading to the production of inflammatory factors and contributing to the innate immune response of the host. Moreover, Mincle identifies lipid damage‑related molecules discharged by injured cells, such as Sin3‑associated protein 130, which triggers aseptic inflammation and ultimately hastens the advancement of renal damage, autoimmune disorders and malignancies by fostering tissue inflammation. Presently, research on the functioning of the Mincle receptor in different inflammatory and fibrosis‑associated conditions has emerged as a popular topic. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of research on the impact of Mincle in promoting long‑lasting inflammatory reactions and fibrosis. Additional investigation is required into the function of Mincle receptors in chronological inflammatory reactions and fibrosis of organ systems, including the progression from inflammation to fibrosis. Hence, the present study showed an overview of the primary roles and potential mechanism of Mincle in inflammation, fibrosis, as well as the progression of inflammation to fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to clarify the potential mechanism of Mincle in inflammation and fibrosis and to offer perspectives for the development of drugs that target Mincle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxia Zou
- Research Center for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
- Department of Newborn Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Research Center for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Hongwei Su
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Jian Liu
- Research Center for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Röwekamp I, Maschirow L, Rabes A, Fiocca Vernengo F, Hamann L, Heinz GA, Mashreghi MF, Caesar S, Milek M, Fagundes Fonseca AC, Wienhold SM, Nouailles G, Yao L, Mousavi S, Bruder D, Boehme JD, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M, Beule D, Witzenrath M, Löhning M, Klose CSN, Heimesaat MM, Diefenbach A, Opitz B. IL-33 controls IL-22-dependent antibacterial defense by modulating the microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310864121. [PMID: 38781213 PMCID: PMC11145264 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310864121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-22 plays a critical role in defending against mucosal infections, but how IL-22 production is regulated is incompletely understood. Here, we show that mice lacking IL-33 or its receptor ST2 (IL-1RL1) were more resistant to Streptococcus pneumoniae lung infection than wild-type animals and that single-nucleotide polymorphisms in IL33 and IL1RL1 were associated with pneumococcal pneumonia in humans. The effect of IL-33 on S. pneumoniae infection was mediated by negative regulation of IL-22 production in innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) but independent of ILC2s as well as IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. Moreover, IL-33's influence on IL-22-dependent antibacterial defense was dependent on housing conditions of the mice and mediated by IL-33's modulatory effect on the gut microbiota. Collectively, we provide insight into the bidirectional crosstalk between the innate immune system and the microbiota. We conclude that both genetic and environmental factors influence the gut microbiota, thereby impacting the efficacy of antibacterial immune defense and susceptibility to pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Röwekamp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Laura Maschirow
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Anne Rabes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Facundo Fiocca Vernengo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Lutz Hamann
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin10117, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Caesar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Miha Milek
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Anna Carolina Fagundes Fonseca
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Sandra-Maria Wienhold
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Geraldine Nouailles
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Ling Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Research Group Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg39120, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig38124, Germany
| | - Julia D. Boehme
- Research Group Infection Immunology, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg39120, Germany
- Research Group Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig38124, Germany
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw02-106, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw01-813, Poland
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
- German center for lung research (DZL), Berlin13353, Germany
| | | | - Max Löhning
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Christoph S. N. Klose
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin12203, Germany
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin13353, Germany
- German center for lung research (DZL), Berlin13353, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Korkmaz FT, Traber KE. Innate immune responses in pneumonia. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 36829255 PMCID: PMC9957695 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs are an immunologically unique environment; they are exposed to innumerable pathogens and particulate matter daily. Appropriate clearance of pathogens and response to pollutants is required to prevent overwhelming infection, while preventing tissue damage and maintaining efficient gas exchange. Broadly, the innate immune system is the collection of immediate, intrinsic immune responses to pathogen or tissue injury. In this review, we will examine the innate immune responses of the lung, with a particular focus on their role in pneumonia. We will discuss the anatomic barriers and antimicrobial proteins of the lung, pathogen and injury recognition, and the role of leukocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and innate lymphocytes) and lung stromal cells in innate immunity. Throughout the review, we will focus on new findings in innate immunity as well as features that are unique to the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz T Korkmaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Klatt AB, Diersing C, Lippmann J, Mayer-Lambertz S, Stegmann F, Fischer S, Caesar S, Fiocca Vernengo F, Hönzke K, Hocke AC, Ruland J, Witzenrath M, Lepenies B, Opitz B. CLEC12A Binds to Legionella pneumophila but Has No Impact on the Host's Antibacterial Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043891. [PMID: 36835297 PMCID: PMC9967056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen that can cause severe pneumonia after the inhalation of contaminated aerosols and replication in alveolar macrophages. Several pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been identified that contribute to the recognition of L. pneumophila by the innate immune system. However, the function of the C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), which are mainly expressed by macrophages and other myeloid cells, remains largely unexplored. Here, we used a library of CLR-Fc fusion proteins to search for CLRs that can bind the bacterium and identified the specific binding of CLEC12A to L. pneumophila. Subsequent infection experiments in human and murine macrophages, however, did not provide evidence for a substantial role of CLEC12A in controlling innate immune responses to the bacterium. Consistently, antibacterial and inflammatory responses to Legionella lung infection were not significantly influenced by CLEC12A deficiency. Collectively, CLEC12A is able to bind to L. pneumophila-derived ligands but does not appear to play a major role in the innate defense against L. pneumophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Brit Klatt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Diersing
- Institute for Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Juliane Lippmann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Vector Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Mayer-Lambertz
- Institute for Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Stegmann
- Institute for Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Swantje Fischer
- Institute for Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Caesar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Facundo Fiocca Vernengo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Hönzke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus—Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Andreas C. Hocke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ruland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Institute for Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (B.O.)
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tobola F, Wiltschi B. One, two, many: Strategies to alter the number of carbohydrate binding sites of lectins. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108020. [PMID: 35868512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are more than an energy-storage. They are ubiquitously found on cells and most proteins, where they encode biological information. Lectins bind these carbohydrates and are essential for translating the encoded information into biological functions and processes. Hundreds of lectins are known, and they are found in all domains of life. For half a century, researchers have been preparing variants of lectins in which the binding sites are varied. In this way, the traits of the lectins such as the affinity, avidity and specificity towards their ligands as well as their biological efficacy were changed. These efforts helped to unravel the biological importance of lectins and resulted in improved variants for biotechnological exploitation and potential medical applications. This review gives an overview on the methods for the preparation of artificial lectins and complexes thereof and how reducing or increasing the number of binding sites affects their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Tobola
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Birgit Wiltschi
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stephens M, Keane K, Roizes S, Liao S, Weid PYVD. Mincle-binding DNA aptamer demonstrates therapeutic potential in a model of inflammatory bowel disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:935-947. [PMID: 35782912 PMCID: PMC9207717 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
7
|
Fischer S, Stegmann F, Gnanapragassam VS, Lepenies B. From structure to function – Ligand recognition by myeloid C-type lectin receptors. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5790-5812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
8
|
Kottom TJ, Carmona EM, Schaefbauer K, Limper AH. Additional C-type lectin receptors mediate interactions with Pneumocystis organisms and major surface glycoprotein. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70:001470. [PMID: 34889727 PMCID: PMC8744274 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns' (PAMPs) are microbial signatures that are recognized by host myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). These CLRs interact with micro-organisms via their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) and engage signalling pathways within the cell resulting in pro-inflammatory and microbicidal responses.Gap statement. In this article, we extend our laboratory study of additional CLRs that recognize fungal ligands against Pneumocystis murina and Pneumocystis carinii and their purified major surface glycoproteins (Msgs).Aim. To study the potential of newly synthesized hFc-CLR fusions on binding to Pneumocystis and its Msg.Methods. A library of new synthesized hFc-CLR fusions was screened against Pneumocystis murina and Pneumocystis carinii organisms and their purified major surface glycoproteins (Msgs) found on the respective fungi via modified ELISA. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was implemented and quantified to verify results. mRNA expression analysis by quantitative PCR (q-PCR) was employed to detect respective CLRs found to bind fungal organisms in the ELISA and determine their expression levels in the mouse immunosuppressed Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) model.Results. We detected a number of the CLR hFc-fusions displayed significant binding with P. murina and P. carinii organisms, and similarly to their respective Msgs. Significant organism and Msg binding was observed for CLR members C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A), Langerin, macrophage galactose-type lectin-1 (MGL-1), and specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin homologue-related 3 (SIGNR3). Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with the respective CLR hFc-fusions against whole P. murina life forms corroborated these findings. Lastly, we surveyed the mRNA expression profiles of the respective CLRs tested above in the mouse immunosuppressed Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) model and determined that macrophage galactose type C-type lectin (Mgl-1), implicated in recognizing terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) found in the glycoproteins of microbial pathogens was significantly up-regulated during infection.Conclusion. The data herein add to the growing list of CLRs recognizing Pneumocystis and provide insights for further study of organism/host immune cell interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J. Kottom
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA,*Correspondence: Theodore J. Kottom,
| | - Eva M. Carmona
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyle Schaefbauer
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew H. Limper
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Willment JA. Fc-conjugated C-type lectin receptors: Tools for understanding host-pathogen interactions. Mol Microbiol 2021; 117:632-660. [PMID: 34709692 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The use of soluble fusion proteins of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) used in the detection of exogenous and endogenous ligands has helped resolve the roles of PRRs in the innate immune response to pathogens, how they shape the adaptive immune response, and function in maintaining homeostasis. Using the immunoglobulin (Ig) crystallizable fragment (Fc) domain as a fusion partner, the PRR fusion proteins are soluble, stable, easily purified, have increased affinity due to the Fc homodimerization properties, and consequently have been used in a wide range of applications such as flow cytometry, screening of protein and glycan arrays, and immunofluorescent microscopy. This review will predominantly focus on the recognition of pathogens by the cell membrane-expressed glycan-binding proteins of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) subgroup of PRRs. PRRs bind to conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as glycans, usually located within or on the outer surface of the pathogen. Significantly, many glycans structures are identical on both host and pathogen (e.g. the Lewis (Le) X glycan), allowing the use of Fc CLR fusion proteins with known endogenous and/or exogenous ligands as tools to identify pathogen structures that are able to interact with the immune system. Screens of highly purified pathogen-derived cell wall components have enabled identification of many unique PAMP structures recognized by CLRs. This review highlights studies using Fc CLR fusion proteins, with emphasis on the PAMPs found in fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The structure and unique features of the different CLR families is presented using examples from a broad range of microbes whenever possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Willment
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Breheny J, Kingston C, Doran R, Anes J, Martins M, Fanning S, Guiry PJ. Investigation of the Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity of (+)-Tanikolide- and (+)-Malyngolide-Based Analogues Prepared by Asymmetric Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126400. [PMID: 34203787 PMCID: PMC8232695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of a series of previously prepared (+)-tanikolide analogues. One analogue, (4S,6S)-4-methyltanikolide, displayed promising anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity with a MIC of 12.5 µg/mL. Based on the antimicrobial properties of the structurally related (-)-malyngolide, two further analogues (4S,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide and (4R,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide bearing a shortened n-nonyl alkyl side chain were prepared in the present study using a ZrCl4-catalysed deprotection/cyclisation as the key step in their asymmetric synthesis. When these were tested for activity against anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC increased to 50 µg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Breheny
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.B.); (R.D.)
| | - Cian Kingston
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland;
| | - Robert Doran
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.B.); (R.D.)
| | - Joao Anes
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.A.); (M.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Marta Martins
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.A.); (M.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.A.); (M.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland; (J.B.); (R.D.)
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-716-2309
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fu YL, Harrison RE. Microbial Phagocytic Receptors and Their Potential Involvement in Cytokine Induction in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:662063. [PMID: 33995386 PMCID: PMC8117099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.662063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is an essential process for the uptake of large (>0.5 µm) particulate matter including microbes and dying cells. Specialized cells in the body perform phagocytosis which is enabled by cell surface receptors that recognize and bind target cells. Professional phagocytes play a prominent role in innate immunity and include macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. These cells display a repertoire of phagocytic receptors that engage the target cells directly, or indirectly via opsonins, to mediate binding and internalization of the target into a phagosome. Phagosome maturation then proceeds to cause destruction and recycling of the phagosome contents. Key subsequent events include antigen presentation and cytokine production to alert and recruit cells involved in the adaptive immune response. Bridging the innate and adaptive immunity, macrophages secrete a broad selection of inflammatory mediators to orchestrate the type and magnitude of an inflammatory response. This review will focus on cytokines produced by NF-κB signaling which is activated by extracellular ligands and serves a master regulator of the inflammatory response to microbes. Macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNFα, IL1β, IL6, IL8 and IL12 which together increases vascular permeability and promotes recruitment of other immune cells. The major anti-inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages include IL10 and TGFβ which act to suppress inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and other immune cells. Typically, macrophage cytokines are synthesized, trafficked intracellularly and released in response to activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) or inflammasomes. Direct evidence linking the event of phagocytosis to cytokine production in macrophages is lacking. This review will focus on cytokine output after engagement of macrophage phagocytic receptors by particulate microbial targets. Microbial receptors include the PRRs: Toll-like receptors (TLRs), scavenger receptors (SRs), C-type lectin and the opsonic receptors. Our current understanding of how macrophage receptor stimulation impacts cytokine production is largely based on work utilizing soluble ligands that are destined for endocytosis. We will instead focus this review on research examining receptor ligation during uptake of particulate microbes and how this complex internalization process may influence inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin Fu
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rene E. Harrison
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Capsular polysaccharide switching in Streptococcus suis modulates host cell interactions and virulence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6513. [PMID: 33753801 PMCID: PMC7985379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85882-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of Streptococcus suis defines various serotypes based on its composition and structure. Though serotype switching has been suggested to occur between S. suis strains, its impact on pathogenicity and virulence remains unknown. Herein, we experimentally generated S. suis serotype-switched mutants from a serotype 2 strain that express the serotype 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, or 14 CPS. The effects of serotype switching were then investigated with regards to classical properties conferred by presence of the serotype 2 CPS, including adhesion to/invasion of epithelial cells, resistance to phagocytosis by macrophages, killing by whole blood, dendritic cell-derived pro-inflammatory mediator production and virulence using mouse and porcine infection models. Results demonstrated that these properties on host cell interactions were differentially modulated depending on the switched serotypes, although some different mutations other than loci of CPS-related genes were found in each the serotype-switched mutant. Among the serotype-switched mutants, the mutant expressing the serotype 8 CPS was hyper-virulent, whereas mutants expressing the serotype 3 or 4 CPSs had reduced virulence. By contrast, switching to serotype 7, 9, or 14 CPSs had little to no effect. These findings suggest that serotype switching can drastically alter S. suis virulence and host cell interactions.
Collapse
|
13
|
Achilli S, Monteiro JT, Serna S, Mayer-Lambertz S, Thépaut M, Le Roy A, Ebel C, Reichardt NC, Lepenies B, Fieschi F, Vivès C. TETRALEC, Artificial Tetrameric Lectins: A Tool to Screen Ligand and Pathogen Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5290. [PMID: 32722514 PMCID: PMC7432041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptor (CLR)/carbohydrate recognition occurs through low affinity interactions. Nature compensates that weakness by multivalent display of the lectin carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) at the cell surface. Mimicking these low affinity interactions in vitro is essential to better understand CLR/glycan interactions. Here, we present a strategy to create a generic construct with a tetrameric presentation of the CRD for any CLR, termed TETRALEC. We applied our strategy to a naturally occurring tetrameric CRD, DC-SIGNR, and compared the TETRALEC ligand binding capacity by synthetic N- and O-glycans microarray using three different DC-SIGNR constructs i) its natural tetrameric counterpart, ii) the monomeric CRD and iii) a dimeric Fc-CRD fusion. DC-SIGNR TETRALEC construct showed a similar binding profile to that of its natural tetrameric counterpart. However, differences observed in recognition of low affinity ligands underlined the importance of the CRD spatial arrangement. Moreover, we further extended the applications of DC-SIGNR TETRALEC to evaluate CLR/pathogens interactions. This construct was able to recognize heat-killed Candida albicans by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, a so far unreported specificity of DC-SIGNR. In summary, the newly developed DC-SIGNR TETRALEC tool proved to be useful to unravel novel CLR/glycan interactions, an approach which could be applied to other CLRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Achilli
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| | - João T. Monteiro
- Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (J.T.M.); (S.M.-L.); (B.L.)
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBER-BBN, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (S.S.); (N.-C.R.)
| | - Sabine Mayer-Lambertz
- Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (J.T.M.); (S.M.-L.); (B.L.)
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| | - Aline Le Roy
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| | - Christine Ebel
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| | - Niels-Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBER-BBN, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (S.S.); (N.-C.R.)
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (J.T.M.); (S.M.-L.); (B.L.)
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| | - Corinne Vivès
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, University of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (S.A.); (M.T.); (A.L.R.); (C.E.); (F.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bacterial glycans and their interactions with lectins in the innate immune system. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1569-1579. [PMID: 31724699 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial surfaces are rich in glycoconjugates that are mainly present in their outer layers and are of great importance for their interaction with the host innate immune system. The innate immune system is the first barrier against infection and recognizes pathogens via conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lectins expressed by innate immune cells represent an important class of PRRs characterized by their ability to recognize carbohydrates. Among lectins in innate immunity, there are three major classes including the galectins, siglecs, and C-type lectin receptors. These lectins may contribute to initial recognition of bacterial glycans, thus providing an early defence mechanism against bacterial infections, but they may also be exploited by bacteria to escape immune responses. In this review, we will first exemplify bacterial glycosylation systems; we will then describe modes of recognition of bacterial glycans by lectins in innate immunity and, finally, we will briefly highlight how bacteria have found ways to exploit these interactions to evade immune recognition.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The respiratory tract is tasked with responding to a constant and vast influx of foreign agents. It acts as an important first line of defense in the innate immune system and as such plays a crucial role in preventing the entry of invading pathogens. While physical barriers like the mucociliary escalator exert their effects through the clearance of these pathogens, diverse and dynamic cellular mechanisms exist for the activation of the innate immune response through the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). These PAMPs are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are expressed on a number of myeloid cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils found in the respiratory tract. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are PRRs that play a pivotal role in the innate immune response and its regulation to a variety of respiratory pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi. This chapter will describe the function of both activating and inhibiting myeloid CLRs in the recognition of a number of important respiratory pathogens as well as the signaling events initiated by these receptors.
Collapse
|
16
|
Miyake Y, Yamasaki S. Immune Recognition of Pathogen-Derived Glycolipids Through Mincle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1204:31-56. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1580-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
17
|
Elkanzi NAA, Ghoneim AA, Hrichi H. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel Pyrazole, Imidazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives Possessing Imidazo[4,5-b]indol Moiety. CHEMISTRY JOURNAL OF MOLDOVA 2019. [DOI: 10.19261/cjm.2019.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
18
|
Daws MR, Nakken B, Lobato-Pascual A, Josien R, Dissen E, Fossum S. Dendritic Cell Activating Receptor 1 (DCAR1) Associates With FcεRIγ and Is Expressed by Myeloid Cell Subsets in the Rat. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1060. [PMID: 31134097 PMCID: PMC6522936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell activating receptor-1 (DCAR1) is a cell-surface receptor encoded by the Antigen Presenting Lectin-like gene Complex (APLEC). We generated a mouse monoclonal antibody against rat DCAR1, and used this to characterize receptor expression and function. Rat DCAR1 was expressed on minor subsets of myeloid cells in lymphoid tissue, but was uniformly expressed at a high level by eosinophils, and at a low level by neutrophils. It was expressed by eosinophils in the peritoneal cavity and the lamina propria of the gut, and by subsets of macrophages or dendritic cells at these sites. Polarization of peritoneal macrophages showed that DCAR1 expression was absent on M1 macrophages, and increased on M2 macrophages. DCAR1 could be expressed as a homodimer and its associated with the activating adaptor protein FcεRIγ. This association allowed efficient phagocytosis of antibody-coated beads. Additionally, cross-linking of DCAR1 on the surface of rat eosinophils lead to production of reactive oxygen species. These data show that DCAR1 is an activating receptor. Its expression on M2 macrophages and eosinophils suggests that it may play a role in the immune response to parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Daws
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Britt Nakken
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ana Lobato-Pascual
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Erik Dissen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigbjørn Fossum
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peng X, Zhao G, Lin J, Qu J, Zhang Y, Li C. Phospholipase Cγ2 is critical for Ca 2+ flux and cytokine production in anti-fungal innate immunity of human corneal epithelial cells. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:170. [PMID: 30005593 PMCID: PMC6043966 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal keratitis (FK) is a sight-threatening disease, accounting for a significant portion with its complex presentation, suboptimal efficacy of the existing therapies and uncontrollable excessive innate inflammation. Phospholipase C-γ2 (PLCγ2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role at the early period of innate immunity. This study aimed to identify the role of PLCγ2 in Dectin-1-mediated Ca2+ Flux and its effect on the expression of proinflammatory mediators at the exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) hyphae antigens in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Methods The HCECs were preincubated with or without different inhibitors respectively before A. fumigatus hyphae stimulation. Intracellular calcium flux in HCECs and levels of PLCγ2 and spleen-tyrosine kinase (Syk) were detected by fluorescence imaging and Western Blotting. The expression of proinflammatory mediators was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We demonstrated that an intracellular Ca2+ flux in HCECs was triggered by A. fumigatus hyphae and could be reduced by pre-treatment with PLCγ2-inhibitor U73122. A. fumigatus hyphae induced PLCγ2 phosphorylation was regulated by Dectin-1 via Syk. Furthermore, PLCγ2-deficient HCECs showed a drastic impairment in the Ca2+ signaling and the secretion of IL-6, CXCL1 and TNF-α. Conclusions PLCγ2 plays a critical role for Ca2+ Flux in HCECs stimulated by A. fumigatus hyphae. Syk acts upstream of PLCγ2 in the Dectin-1 signaling pathway. The expressions of proinflammatory mediators induced by A. fumigatus are regulated by the activation of Dectin-1-mediated PLCγ2 signaling pathway in HCECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, NO. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, NO. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, NO. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianqiu Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, NO. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, NO. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Del Fresno C, Iborra S, Saz-Leal P, Martínez-López M, Sancho D. Flexible Signaling of Myeloid C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:804. [PMID: 29755458 PMCID: PMC5932189 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are important sensors of self and non-self that work in concert with other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). CLRs have been previously classified based on their signaling motifs as activating or inhibitory receptors. However, specific features of the ligand binding process may result in distinct signaling through a single motif, resulting in the triggering of non-canonical pathways. In addition, CLR ligands are frequently exposed in complex structures that simultaneously bind different CLRs and other PRRs, which lead to integration of heterologous signaling among diverse receptors. Herein, we will review how sensing by myeloid CLRs and crosstalk with heterologous receptors is modulated by many factors affecting their signaling and resulting in differential outcomes for immunity and inflammation. Finding common features among those flexible responses initiated by diverse CLR-ligand partners will help to harness CLR function in immunity and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Del Fresno
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Iborra
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Saz-Leal
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martínez-López
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yu GR, Lin J, Zhang J, Che CY, Peng XD, Li C, Hu LT, Zhu GQ, He K, Zhao GQ. Mincle in the innate immune response of mice fungal keratitis. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:539-547. [PMID: 29675368 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.04.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate how macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) influences inflammation in mice fungal keratitis induced by Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus). METHODS C57BL/6 mice were infected with A. fumigatus after pretreated with Mincle agonist TDB or Mincle neutralizing antibody (MincleAb), taking DMSO or IgG as control group respectively. The cornea lesions were monitored with slit-lamp microscope and evaluated by clinical score. Mincle expression was assessed using reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunostaining. The expression of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) chemokines (CXCL-1 and MIP-2) was determined by RT-PCR and ELISA. Neutrophil infiltration was observed by immunostaining. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) generated by corneas were tested by Griess reaction. RESULTS Mincle mRNA and protein levels were higher in infected corneas than normal corneas of C57BL/6 mice, saving clinical scores revealed differences. When pretreated with Mincle agonist TDB, the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in infected corneas were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.01). Results of the counterpart in corneas pretreated with Mincle neutralizing antibody was decreased consistently (P<0.01). Expression of CXCL1 and MIP-2 mRNA levels were up-regulated in TDB group and down-regulated in MincleAb group (P<0.01), coincide with neutrophil aggregation degree in corneas showed by immunostaining. As for the concentration of NO, it was promoted in TDB group compared with DMSO control group, and decreased in MincleAb group compared with IgG control group. CONCLUSION Mincle plays a dual role in mice fungal keratitis. It participates in the innate immune system by enhancing inflammation. What's more, Mincle can mediate cytotoxic effects by regulating the formation of NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu-Dong Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Ting Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kun He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ruiz-Moreno JS, Hamann L, Jin L, Sander LE, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M, Cambier J, Witzenrath M, Schumann RR, Suttorp N, Opitz B. The cGAS/STING Pathway Detects Streptococcus pneumoniae but Appears Dispensable for Antipneumococcal Defense in Mice and Humans. Infect Immun 2018; 86:e00849-17. [PMID: 29263110 PMCID: PMC5820968 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00849-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a frequent colonizer of the upper respiratory tract and a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia. The innate immune system senses pneumococcal cell wall components, toxin, and nucleic acids, which leads to production of inflammatory mediators to initiate and control antibacterial defense. Here, we show that the cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP [cGAMP] synthase)-STING pathway mediates detection of pneumococcal DNA in mouse macrophages to primarily stimulate type I interferon (IFN) responses. Cells of human individuals carrying HAQ TMEM173, which encodes a common hypomorphic variant of STING, were largely or partly defective in inducing type I IFNs and proinflammatory cytokines upon infection. Subsequent analyses, however, revealed that STING was dispensable for restricting S. pneumoniae during acute pneumonia in mice. Moreover, explorative analyses did not find differences in the allele frequency of HAQ TMEM173 in nonvaccinated pneumococcal pneumonia patients and healthy controls or an association of HAQ TMEM173 carriage with disease severity. Together, our results indicate that the cGAS/STING pathway senses S. pneumoniae but plays no major role in antipneumococcal immunity in mice and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sebastian Ruiz-Moreno
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Hamann
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John Cambier
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
- CAPNETZ Stiftung, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf R Schumann
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
- CAPNETZ Stiftung, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mayer S, Moeller R, Monteiro JT, Ellrott K, Josenhans C, Lepenies B. C-Type Lectin Receptor (CLR)-Fc Fusion Proteins As Tools to Screen for Novel CLR/Bacteria Interactions: An Exemplary Study on Preselected Campylobacter jejuni Isolates. Front Immunol 2018; 9:213. [PMID: 29487596 PMCID: PMC5816833 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are carbohydrate-binding receptors that recognize their ligands often in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Upon ligand binding, myeloid CLRs in innate immunity trigger or inhibit a variety of signaling pathways, thus initiating or modulating effector functions such as cytokine production, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation. CLRs bind to various pathogens, including viruses, fungi, parasites, and bacteria. The bacterium Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a very frequent Gram-negative zoonotic pathogen of humans, causing severe intestinal symptoms. Interestingly, C. jejuni expresses several glycosylated surface structures, for example, the capsular polysaccharide (CPS), lipooligosaccharide (LOS), and envelope proteins. This “Methods” paper describes applications of CLR–Fc fusion proteins to screen for yet unknown CLR/bacteria interactions using C. jejuni as an example. ELISA-based detection of CLR/bacteria interactions allows a first prescreening that is further confirmed by flow cytometry-based binding analysis and visualized using confocal microscopy. By applying these methods, we identified Dectin-1 as a novel CLR recognizing two selected C. jejuni isolates with different LOS and CPS genotypes. In conclusion, the here-described applications of CLR–Fc fusion proteins represent useful methods to screen for and identify novel CLR/bacteria interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mayer
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Moeller
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - João T Monteiro
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ellrott
- Medical School Hannover, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christine Josenhans
- Medical School Hannover, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.,Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Antifungal Compounds against Candida Infections from Traditional Chinese Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4614183. [PMID: 29445739 PMCID: PMC5763084 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4614183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Candida albicans, often refractory and with high morbidity and mortality, cause a heavy burden on the public health while the current antifungal drugs are limited and are associated with toxicity and resistance. Many plant-derived molecules including compounds isolated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are reported to have antifungal activity through different targets such as cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, and virulence factors. Here, we review the recent progress in the anti-Candida compounds from TCM, as well as their antifungal mechanisms. Considering the diverse targets and structures, compounds from TCM might be a potential library for antifungal drug development.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sparber F, LeibundGut-Landmann S. Host Responses to Malassezia spp. in the Mammalian Skin. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1614. [PMID: 29213272 PMCID: PMC5702624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin of mammalian organisms is home for a myriad of microbes. Many of these commensals are thought to have beneficial effects on the host by critically contributing to immune homeostasis. Consequently, dysbiosis can have detrimental effects for the host that may manifest with inflammatory diseases at the barrier tissue. Besides bacteria, fungi make an important contribution to the microbiota and among these, the yeast Malassezia widely dominates in most areas of the skin in healthy individuals. There is accumulating evidence that Malassezia spp. are involved in a variety of skin disorders in humans ranging from non- or mildly inflammatory conditions such as dandruff and pityriasis versicolor to more severe inflammatory skin diseases like seborrheic eczema and atopic dermatitis. In addition, Malassezia is strongly linked to the development of dermatitis and otitis externa in dogs. However, the association of Malassezia spp. with such diseases remains poorly characterized. Until now, studies on the fungus–host interaction remain sparse and they are mostly limited to experiments with isolated host cells in vitro. They suggest a multifaceted crosstalk of Malassezia spp. with the skin by direct activation of the host via conserved pattern recognition receptors and indirectly via the release of fungus-derived metabolites that can modulate the function of hematopoietic and/or non-hematopoietic cells in the barrier tissue. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the host response to Malassezia spp. in the mammalian skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Sparber
- Section of Immunology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ostrop J, Lang R. Contact, Collaboration, and Conflict: Signal Integration of Syk-Coupled C-Type Lectin Receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1403-1414. [PMID: 28167651 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several spleen tyrosine kinase-coupled C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) have emerged as important pattern recognition receptors for infectious danger. Because encounter with microbial pathogens leads to the simultaneous ligation of several CLRs and TLRs, the signals emanating from different pattern recognition receptors have to be integrated to achieve appropriate biological responses. In this review, we briefly summarize current knowledge about ligand recognition and core signaling by Syk-coupled CLRs. We then address mechanisms of synergistic and antagonistic crosstalk between different CLRs and with TLRs. Emerging evidence suggests that signal integration occurs through 1) direct interaction between receptors, 2) regulation of expression levels and localization, and 3) collaborative or conflicting signaling interference. Accordingly, we aim to provide a conceptual framework for the complex and sometimes unexpected outcome of CLR ligation in bacterial and fungal infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Ostrop
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; .,Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; and
| | - Roland Lang
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Patin EC, Orr SJ, Schaible UE. Macrophage Inducible C-Type Lectin As a Multifunctional Player in Immunity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:861. [PMID: 28791019 PMCID: PMC5525440 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) is an innate immune receptor on myeloid cells sensing diverse entities including pathogens and damaged cells. Mincle was first described as a receptor for the mycobacterial cell wall glycolipid, trehalose-6,6′-dimycolate, or cord factor, and the mammalian necrotic cell-derived alarmin histone deacetylase complex unit Sin3-associated protein 130. Upon engagement by its ligands, Mincle induces secretion of innate cytokines and other immune mediators modulating inflammation and immunity. Since its discovery more than 25 years ago, the understanding of Mincle’s immune function has made significant advances in recent years. In addition to mediating immune responses to infectious agents, Mincle has been linked to promote tumor progression, autoimmunity, and sterile inflammation; however, further studies are required to completely unravel the complex role of Mincle in these distinct host responses. In this review, we discuss recent findings on Mincle’s biology with an emphasis on its diverse functions in immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Patin
- Priority Area Infections, Department Cellular Microbiology, Forschungszentrum Borstel, and German Center for Infection Research, TTU-TB, Borstel, Germany.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Selinda Jane Orr
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich E Schaible
- Priority Area Infections, Department Cellular Microbiology, Forschungszentrum Borstel, and German Center for Infection Research, TTU-TB, Borstel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kottom TJ, Hebrink DM, Jenson PE, Nandakumar V, Wüthrich M, Wang H, Klein B, Yamasaki S, Lepenies B, Limper AH. The Interaction of Pneumocystis with the C-Type Lectin Receptor Mincle Exerts a Significant Role in Host Defense against Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3515-3525. [PMID: 28298521 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality within immunocompromised patients. In this study, we examined the potential role of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) for host defense against Pneumocystis Binding assays implementing soluble Mincle carbohydrate recognition domain fusion proteins demonstrated binding to intact Pneumocystis carinii as well as to organism homogenates, and they purified major surface glycoprotein/glycoprotein A derived from the organism. Additional experiments showed that rats with PCP expressed increased Mincle mRNA levels. Mouse macrophages overexpressing Mincle displayed increased binding to P. carinii life forms and enhanced protein tyrosine phosphorylation. The binding of P. carinii to Mincle resulted in activation of FcRγ-mediated cell signaling. RNA silencing of Mincle in mouse macrophages resulted in decreased activation of Syk kinase after P. carinii challenge, critical in downstream inflammatory signaling. Mincle-deficient CD4-depleted (Mincle-/-) mice showed a significant defect in organism clearance from the lungs with higher organism burdens and altered lung cytokine responses during Pneumocystis murina pneumonia. Interestingly, Mincle-/- mice did not demonstrate worsened survival during PCP compared with wild-type mice, despite the markedly increased organism burdens. This may be related to increased expression of anti-inflammatory factors such as IL-1Ra during infection in the Mincle-/- mice. Of note, the P. murina-infected Mincle-/- mice demonstrated increased expression of known C-type lectin receptors Dectin-1, Dectin-2, and MCL compared with infected wild-type mice. Taken together, these data support a significant role for Mincle in Pneumocystis modulating host defense during infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J Kottom
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Deanne M Hebrink
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Paige E Jenson
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Vijayalakshmi Nandakumar
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905.,Department of Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Marcel Wüthrich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Bruce Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; and
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover 30559, Germany
| | - Andrew H Limper
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905; .,Department of Biochemistry, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chinthamani S, Settem RP, Honma K, Kay JG, Sharma A. Macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) recognizes glycosylated surface (S)-layer of the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173394. [PMID: 28264048 PMCID: PMC5338828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral pathogen Tannerella forsythia is implicated in the development of periodontitis, a common inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of the gum and tooth supporting tissues, often leading to tooth loss. T. forsythia is a unique Gram-negative organism endowed with an elaborate protein O-glycosylation system that allows the bacterium to express a glycosylated surface (S)-layer comprising two high molecular weight glycoproteins modified with O-linked oligosaccharides. The T. forsythia S-layer has been implicated in the modulation of cytokine responses of antigen presenting cells, such as macrophages, that play a significant role during inflammation associated with periodontitis. The macrophage-inducible C-type lectin receptor (Mincle) is an FcRγ-coupled pathogen recognition receptor that recognizes a wide variety of sugar containing ligands from fungal and bacterial pathogens. In this study, we aimed to determine if Mincle might be involved in the recognition of T. forsythia S-layer and modulation of cytokine response of macrophages against the bacterium. Binding studies using recombinant Mincle-Fc fusion protein indicated a specific Ca2+-dependent binding of Mincle to T. forsythia S-layer. Subsequent experiments with Mincle-expressing and Mincle-knockdown macrophages revealed a role for Mincle/S-layer interaction in the induction of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages stimulated with T. forsythia as well as its S-layer. Together, these studies revealed Mincle as an important macrophage receptor involved in the modulation of cytokine responses of macrophages against T. forsythia, and thus may play a critical role in orchestrating the host immune response against the bacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreedevi Chinthamani
- Dept. of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Rajendra P. Settem
- Dept. of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Kiyonobu Honma
- Dept. of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Jason G. Kay
- Dept. of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Ashu Sharma
- Dept. of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
C-type lectins: their network and roles in pathogen recognition and immunity. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 147:223-237. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
31
|
Behler-Janbeck F, Takano T, Maus R, Stolper J, Jonigk D, Tort Tarrés M, Fuehner T, Prasse A, Welte T, Timmer MSM, Stocker BL, Nakanishi Y, Miyamoto T, Yamasaki S, Maus UA. C-type Lectin Mincle Recognizes Glucosyl-diacylglycerol of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Plays a Protective Role in Pneumococcal Pneumonia. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006038. [PMID: 27923071 PMCID: PMC5140071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among various innate immune receptor families, the role of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in lung protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is not fully defined. We here show that Mincle gene expression was induced in alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of mice and patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Moreover, S. pneumoniae directly triggered Mincle reporter cell activation in vitro via its glycolipid glucosyl-diacylglycerol (Glc-DAG), which was identified as the ligand recognized by Mincle. Purified Glc-DAG triggered Mincle reporter cell activation and stimulated inflammatory cytokine release by human alveolar macrophages and alveolar macrophages from WT but not Mincle KO mice. Mincle deficiency led to increased bacterial loads and decreased survival together with strongly dysregulated cytokine responses in mice challenged with focal pneumonia inducing S. pneumoniae, all of which was normalized in Mincle KO mice reconstituted with a WT hematopoietic system. In conclusion, the Mincle-Glc-DAG axis is a hitherto unrecognized element of lung protective immunity against focal pneumonia induced by S. pneumoniae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomotsugu Takano
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Regina Maus
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stolper
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Fuehner
- Clinic for Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antje Prasse
- Clinic for Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Clinic for Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, partner site BREATH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mattie S. M. Timmer
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bridget L. Stocker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Miyamoto
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ulrich A. Maus
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, partner site BREATH, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Greco SH, Torres-Hernandez A, Kalabin A, Whiteman C, Rokosh R, Ravirala S, Ochi A, Gutierrez J, Salyana MA, Mani VR, Nagaraj SV, Deutsch M, Seifert L, Daley D, Barilla R, Hundeyin M, Nikifrov Y, Tejada K, Gelb BE, Katz SC, Miller G. Mincle Signaling Promotes Con A Hepatitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2816-27. [PMID: 27559045 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Con A hepatitis is regarded as a T cell-mediated model of acute liver injury. Mincle is a C-type lectin receptor that is critical in the immune response to mycobacteria and fungi but does not have a well-defined role in preclinical models of non-pathogen-mediated inflammation. Because Mincle can ligate the cell death ligand SAP130, we postulated that Mincle signaling drives intrahepatic inflammation and liver injury in Con A hepatitis. Acute liver injury was assessed in the murine Con A hepatitis model using C57BL/6, Mincle(-/-), and Dectin-1(-/-) mice. The role of C/EBPβ and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling was assessed using selective inhibitors. We found that Mincle was highly expressed in hepatic innate inflammatory cells and endothelial cells in both mice and humans. Furthermore, sterile Mincle ligands and Mincle signaling intermediates were increased in the murine liver in Con A hepatitis. Most significantly, Mincle deletion or blockade protected against Con A hepatitis, whereas Mincle ligation exacerbated disease. Bone marrow chimeric and adoptive transfer experiments suggested that Mincle signaling in infiltrating myeloid cells dictates disease phenotype. Conversely, signaling via other C-type lectin receptors did not alter disease course. Mechanistically, we found that Mincle blockade decreased the NF-κβ-related signaling intermediates C/EBPβ and HIF-1α, both of which are necessary in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. Accordingly, Mincle deletion lowered production of nitrites in Con A hepatitis and inhibition of both C/EBPβ and HIF-1α reduced the severity of liver disease. Our work implicates a novel innate immune driver of Con A hepatitis and, more broadly, suggests a potential role for Mincle in diseases governed by sterile inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie H Greco
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Alejandro Torres-Hernandez
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Aleksandr Kalabin
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Clint Whiteman
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Rae Rokosh
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Sushma Ravirala
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Atsuo Ochi
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Johana Gutierrez
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Muhammad Atif Salyana
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Vishnu R Mani
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Savitha V Nagaraj
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Michael Deutsch
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Lena Seifert
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Donnele Daley
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Rocky Barilla
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Mautin Hundeyin
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Yuriy Nikifrov
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Karla Tejada
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Bruce E Gelb
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Steven C Katz
- Immunotherapy Program, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908; and
| | - George Miller
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
NLRP3 protects alveolar barrier integrity by an inflammasome-independent increase of epithelial cell adherence. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30943. [PMID: 27476670 PMCID: PMC4967923 DOI: 10.1038/srep30943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is a major cause of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, characterized by alveolar barrier disruption. NLRP3 is best known for its ability to form inflammasomes and to regulate IL-1β and IL-18 production in myeloid cells. Here we show that NLRP3 protects the integrity of the alveolar barrier in a mouse model of Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced pneumonia, and ex vivo upon treatment of isolated perfused and ventilated lungs with the purified bacterial toxin, pneumolysin. We reveal that the preserving effect of NLRP3 on the lung barrier is independent of inflammasomes, IL-1β and IL-18. NLRP3 improves the integrity of alveolar epithelial cell monolayers by enhancing cellular adherence. Collectively, our study uncovers a novel function of NLRP3 by demonstrating that it protects epithelial barrier function independently of inflammasomes.
Collapse
|
34
|
Huber A, Kallerup RS, Korsholm KS, Franzyk H, Lepenies B, Christensen D, Foged C, Lang R. Trehalose diester glycolipids are superior to the monoesters in binding to Mincle, activation of macrophages in vitro and adjuvant activity in vivo. Innate Immun 2016; 22:405-18. [PMID: 27252171 PMCID: PMC5098696 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916651132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The T-cell adjuvanticity of mycobacterial cord factor trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) is well established. The identification of the C-type lectin Mincle on innate immune cells as the receptor for TDM and its synthetic analogue trehalose 6,6'-dibehenate (TDB) has raised interest in development of synthetic Mincle ligands as novel adjuvants. Trehalose mono- (TMXs) and diesters (TDXs) with symmetrically shortened acyl chains [denoted by X: arachidate (A), stearate (S), palmitate (P), and myristate (M)] were tested. Upon stimulation of murine macrophages, G-CSF secretion and NO production were strongly augmented by all TDXs tested, in a wide concentration range. In contrast, the TMXs triggered macrophage activation only at high concentrations. Macrophage activation by all TDXs required Mincle, but was independent of MyD88. The superior capacity of TDXs for activating macrophages was paralleled by direct binding of TDXs, but not of TMXs, to a Mincle-Fc fusion protein. Insertion of a short polyethylene glycol between the sugar and acyl chain in TDS reduced Mincle-binding and macrophage activation. Immunization of mice with cationic liposomes containing the analogues demonstrated the superior adjuvant activity of trehalose diesters. Overall, immune activation in vitro and in vivo by trehalose esters of simple fatty acids requires two acyl chains of length and involves Mincle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Huber
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rie S Kallerup
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Vaccine Adjuvant Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen S Korsholm
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Vaccine Adjuvant Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dennis Christensen
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Vaccine Adjuvant Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Devi S, Rajakumara E, Ahmed N. Induction of Mincle by Helicobacter pylori and consequent anti-inflammatory signaling denote a bacterial survival strategy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15049. [PMID: 26456705 PMCID: PMC4601021 DOI: 10.1038/srep15049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evasion of innate immune recognition is one of the key strategies for persistence of Helicobacter pylori, by virtue of its ability to modulate or escape the host innate immune receptors and signaling pathways. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) predominantly expressed by macrophages are pivotal in tailoring immune response against pathogens. The recognition of glyco or carbohydrate moieties by Mincle (Macrophage inducible C-type lectin) is emerging as a crucial element in anti-fungal and anti-mycobacterial immunity. Herein, we demonstrate the role of Mincle in modulation of innate immune response against H. pylori infection. Our results revealed an upregulated expression of Mincle which was independent of direct host cell contact. Upon computational modelling, Mincle was observed to interact with the Lewis antigens of H. pylori LPS and possibly activating an anti-inflammatory cytokine production, thereby maintaining a balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, siRNA mediated knockdown of Mincle in human macrophages resulted in up regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and consequent down regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our study demonstrates a novel mechanism employed by H. pylori to escape clearance by exploiting functional plasticity of Mincle to strike a balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory responses ensuring its persistence in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Devi
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Eerappa Rajakumara
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Yeddumailaram, Telangana, India
| | - Niyaz Ahmed
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Serotype 1 and 8 Pneumococci Evade Sensing by Inflammasomes in Human Lung Tissue. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137108. [PMID: 26317436 PMCID: PMC4552725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis. The pore-forming toxin pneumolysin is a key virulence factor of S. pneumoniae, which can be sensed by the NLRP3 inflammasome. Among the over 90 serotypes, serotype 1 pneumococci (particularly MLST306) have emerged across the globe as a major cause of invasive disease. The cause for its particularity is, however, incompletely understood. We therefore examined pneumococcal infection in human cells and a human lung organ culture system mimicking infection of the lower respiratory tract. We demonstrate that different pneumococcal serotypes differentially activate inflammasome-dependent IL-1β production in human lung tissue and cells. Whereas serotype 2, 3, 6B, 9N pneumococci expressing fully haemolytic pneumolysins activate NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent responses, serotype 1 and 8 strains expressing non-haemolytic toxins are poor activators of IL-1β production. Accordingly, purified haemolytic pneumolysin but not serotype 1-associated non-haemolytic toxin activates strong IL-1β production in human lungs. Our data suggest that the evasion of inflammasome-dependent innate immune responses by serotype 1 pneumococci might contribute to their ability to cause invasive diseases in humans.
Collapse
|
37
|
Grigoryev DN, Cheranova DI, Chaudhary S, Heruth DP, Zhang LQ, Ye SQ. Identification of new biomarkers for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by expression-based genome-wide association study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:95. [PMID: 26285698 PMCID: PMC4545360 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulated to-date gene microarray data on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) represent a rich source for identifying new unsuspected targets and mechanisms of ARDS. The recently developed expression-based genome-wide association study (eGWAS) for analysis of GEO data was successfully used for analysis of gene expression of comparatively noncomplex adipose tissue, 75 % of which is represented by adipocytes. Although lung tissue is more heterogenic and does not possess a prevalent cell type for driving gene expression patterns, we hypothesized that eGWAS of ARDS samples will generate biologically meaningful results. Methods The eGWAS was conducted according to (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:7049-7054, 2012) and genes were ranked according to p values of chi-square test. Results The search of GEO retrieved 487 ARDS related entries. These entries were filtered for multiple qualitative and quantitative conditions and 219 samples were selected: mouse nsham/ARDS = 67/92, rat n = 13/13, human cells n = 11/11, canine n = 6/6 with the following ARDS model distributions: mechanical ventilation (MV)/cyclic stretch n = 11; endotoxin (LPS) treatment n = 8; MV + LPS n = 3; distant organ injury induced ARDS n = 3; chemically induced ARDS n = 2; Staphylococcus aureus induced ARDS n = 2; and one experiment each for radiation and shock induced ARDS. The eGWAS of this dataset identified 42 significant (Bonferroni threshold P < 1.55 × 10−6) genes. 66.6 % of these genes, were associated previously with lung injury and include the well known ARDS genes such as IL1R2 (P = 4.42 × 10−19), IL1β (P = 3.38 × 10−17), PAI1 (P = 9.59 × 10−14), IL6 (P = 3.57 × 10−12), SOCS3 (P = 1.05 × 10−10), and THBS1 (P = 2.01 × 10−9). The remaining genes were new ARDS candidates. Expression of the most prominently upregulated genes, CLEC4E (P = 4.46 × 10−14) and CD300LF (P = 2.31 × 10−16), was confirmed by real time PCR. The former was also validated by in silico pathway analysis and the latter by Western blot analysis. Conclusions Our first in the field application of eGWAS in ARDS and utilization of more than 120 publicly available microarray samples of ARDS not only justified applicability of eGWAS to complex lung tissue, but also discovered 14 new candidate genes which associated with ARDS. Detailed studies of these new candidates might lead to identification of unsuspected evolutionarily conserved mechanisms triggered by ARDS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-015-0088-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry N Grigoryev
- Laboratory of Translational Studies and Personalized Medicine, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
| | - Dilyara I Cheranova
- Division of Experimental and Translational Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Division of Experimental and Translational Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Daniel P Heruth
- Division of Experimental and Translational Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Li Qin Zhang
- Division of Experimental and Translational Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Shui Q Ye
- Division of Experimental and Translational Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, MO, USA. .,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|