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Liu B, Wang C, Liu R, Xiang W, Yang C, Li D. Function and mechanism exploring of icariin in schizophrenia through network pharmacology. Brain Res 2024; 1835:148931. [PMID: 38604555 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanisms of icariin in schizophrenia. SD rats were divided into five groups, a control group, a MK801-induced schizophrenia model group, and three icariin treatment groups, with twelve rats in each group. Morris water maze and open field were used to observe the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Compared with the control group, rats in the MK801-induced model group showed an increase in stereotypic behavior score, distance of spontaneous activities, escape latency, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α expression, but a decrease in platform crossing times and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.05). Furthermore, all the above changes of the model group were reversed after icariin treatment in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Network pharmacology found that icariin can exert anti-schizophrenic effects through some signaling pathways, such as relaxin, estrogen, and TNF signaling pathways. MAPK1, MAPK3, FOS, RELA, TNF, and JUN were the key targets of icariin on schizophrenia, and their expression was detected in animal models, which was consistent with the predicted results of network pharmacology. Icariin treatment may improve the spatial learning and memory ability of schizophrenic rats through TNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Wudong Hospital, Wuhan 430084, Hubei, China
| | - Chengqiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Weilai Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China.
| | - Di Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China.
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Nishiguchi H, Omura T, Sato A, Kitahiro Y, Yamamoto K, Kunimasa J, Yano I. Luteolin Protects Against 6-Hydoroxydopamine-Induced Cell Death via an Upregulation of HRD1 and SEL1L. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:117-128. [PMID: 37632637 PMCID: PMC10776467 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is caused by many factors and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered as one of the responsible factors for it. ER stress induces the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade unfolded proteins and suppress cell death. The ubiquitin ligase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase degradation 1 (HRD1) and its stabilizing molecule, the suppressor/enhancer lin-12-like (SEL1L), can suppress the ER stress via the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and that HRD1 can also suppress cell death in familial and nonfamilial PD models. These findings indicate that HRD1 and SEL1L might be key proteins for the treatment of PD. Our study aimed to identify the compounds with the effects of upregulating the HRD1 expression and suppressing neuronal cell death in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cellular PD model. Our screening by the Drug Gene Budger, a drug repositioning tool, identified luteolin as a candidate compound for the desired modulation of the HRD1 expression. Subsequently, we confirmed that low concentrations of luteolin did not show cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, and used these low concentrations in the subsequent experiments. Next, we demonsrated that luteolin increased HRD1 and SEL1L mRNA levels and protein expressions. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited 6-OHDA-induced cell death and suppressed ER stress response caused by exposure to 6-OHDA. Finally, luteolin did not reppress 6-OHDA-induced cell death when expression of HRD1 or SEL1L was suppressed by RNA interference. These findings suggest that luteolin might be a novel therapeutic agent for PD due to its ability to suppress ER stress through the activation of HRD1 and SEL1L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishiguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Sato
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yumi Kitahiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Junichi Kunimasa
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yano
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Chandran A, Oliver HJ, Rochet JC. Role of NFE2L1 in the Regulation of Proteostasis: Implications for Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1169. [PMID: 37759569 PMCID: PMC10525699 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of aging and neurodegenerative diseases is a disruption of proteome homeostasis ("proteostasis") that is caused to a considerable extent by a decrease in the efficiency of protein degradation systems. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the major cellular pathway involved in the clearance of small, short-lived proteins, including amyloidogenic proteins that form aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Age-dependent decreases in proteasome subunit expression coupled with the inhibition of proteasome function by aggregated UPS substrates result in a feedforward loop that accelerates disease progression. Nuclear factor erythroid 2- like 1 (NFE2L1) is a transcription factor primarily responsible for the proteasome inhibitor-induced "bounce-back effect" regulating the expression of proteasome subunits. NFE2L1 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it is rapidly degraded under basal conditions by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Under conditions leading to proteasome impairment, NFE2L1 is cleaved and transported to the nucleus, where it binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the promoter region of proteasome subunit genes, thereby stimulating their transcription. In this review, we summarize the role of UPS impairment in aging and neurodegenerative disease etiology and consider the potential benefit of enhancing NFE2L1 function as a strategy to upregulate proteasome function and alleviate pathology in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy Chandran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Haley Jane Oliver
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Rochet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Li LR, Sethi G, Zhang X, Liu CL, Huang Y, Liu Q, Ren BX, Tang FR. The neuroprotective effects of icariin on ageing, various neurological, neuropsychiatric disorders, and brain injury induced by radiation exposure. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1562-1588. [PMID: 35165207 PMCID: PMC8876913 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been used for the treatment of impotence, sinew and bone disorders, “painful impediment caused by wind-dampness,” numbness, spasms, hypertension, coronary heart disease, menopausal syndrome, bronchitis, and neurasthenia for many years in China. Recent animal experimental studies indicate that icariin, a major bioactive component of epimedium may effectively treat Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral ischemia, depression, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, as well as delay ageing. Our recent study also suggested that epimedium extract could exhibit radio-neuro-protective effects and prevent ionizing radiation-induced impairment of neurogenesis. This paper reviewed the pharmacodynamics of icariin in treating different neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, ageing, and radiation-induced brain damage. The relevant molecular mechanisms and its anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, as well as pro-neurogenesis roles were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Rui Li
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Xing Zhang
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Cui Liu Liu
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Qun Liu
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Xu Ren
- The School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Ru Tang
- Radiation Physiology Lab, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
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Qian Z, Zhu L, Li Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Fu S, Yang D. Icarrin prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1023-1032. [PMID: 34018553 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore whether icarrin (ICA) can protect cardiomyocytes from hypertension-induced damage by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were orally administered water or ICA at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg once daily for 12 weeks, and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as control. Changes in the growth and blood pressure of rats were assessed. Cardiac function was determined by ultrasound and the left ventricle mass was calculated. Myocardial tissue structure was assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining, cardiomyocyte apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining and the expression of ERS-related proteins was determined by western blotting. RESULTS In the SHR group, blood pressure was significantly high, left ventricular function decreased and left ventricular mass index increased. Additionally, left ventricular cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, disordered myofilament arrangement and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis were observed by histological staining. ERS-induced proteins associated with apoptosis, including GRP78, PERK, ATF-6, ATF-4, CHOP, DR5, Caspase 12, c-JUN and ASK-1 were found to be highly expressed. ICA treatment reduced blood pressure and regulated the expression of proteins induced by ERS. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis decreased and left ventricular function improved. CONCLUSIONS ICA can inhibit ERS-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and protect ventricular function in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Taizhou Jiangyan Hospital of TCM, Jiangyan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yeli Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Danli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Icariin promotes the repair of PC12 cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:69. [PMID: 33607999 PMCID: PMC7896365 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is one of the main mechanisms of spinal cord injury (SCI) pathology and can affect the physiological state of neurons. Icariin (ICA), the main pharmacological component of Epimedium, can relieve the symptoms of patients with SCI and has obvious protective effects on neurons through ERS. Methods PC12 cells were induced to differentiate into neurons by nerve growth factor and identified by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 method, cell viability was detected by SRB assay, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and microstructure of ER was observed by transmission electron microscope. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of CHOP and Grp78, and qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of CHOP and Grp78. Results The results of CCK8, SRB and flow cytometry showed that ICA could relieve ERS and reduce apoptosis of PC12 cells. The results of transmission microscope showed that ICA could reduce apoptosis of PC12 cells caused by ERS. The results of Western blot and q-PCR showed that ICA could inhibit ERS by down-regulating the expression of CHOP and Grp78. Conclusions ICA can inhibit ERS and promote the repair of PC12 cells by down-regulating the expression of CHOP and Grp78. ICA has the potential to promote the recovery of spinal cord injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03233-1.
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Expanding the role of proteasome homeostasis in Parkinson's disease: beyond protein breakdown. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:154. [PMID: 33542205 PMCID: PMC7862491 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome is the principal hydrolytic machinery responsible for the great majority of protein degradation. The past three decades have testified prominent advances about proteasome involved in almost every aspect of biological processes. Nonetheless, inappropriate increase or decrease in proteasome function is regarded as a causative factor in several diseases. Proteasome abundance and proper assembly need to be precisely controlled. Indeed, various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD) share a common pathological feature, intracellular protein accumulation such as α-synuclein. Proteasome activation may effectively remove aggregates and prevent the neurodegeneration in PD, which provides a potential application for disease-modifying treatment. In this review, we build on the valuable discoveries related to different types of proteolysis by distinct forms of proteasome, and how its regulatory and catalytic particles promote protein elimination. Additionally, we summarize the emerging ideas on the proteasome homeostasis regulation by targeting transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Given the imbalanced proteostasis in PD, the strategies for intensifying proteasomal degradation are advocated as a promising approach for PD clinical intervention.
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Alexander JF, Seua AV, Arroyo LD, Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Heiβ-Lückemann L, Schedlowski M, Price TJ, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ. Nasal administration of mitochondria reverses chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits. Theranostics 2021; 11:3109-3130. [PMID: 33537077 PMCID: PMC7847685 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to seventy-five percent of patients treated for cancer suffer from cognitive deficits which can persist for months to decades, severely impairing quality of life. Although the number of cancer survivors is increasing tremendously, no efficacious interventions exist. Cisplatin, most commonly employed for solid tumors, leads to cognitive impairment including deficits in memory and executive functioning. We recently proposed deficient neuronal mitochondrial function as its underlying mechanism. We hypothesized nasal administration of mitochondria isolated from human mesenchymal stem cells to mice, can reverse cisplatin-induced cognitive deficits. Methods: Puzzle box, novel object place recognition and Y-maze tests were used to assess the cognitive function of mice. Immunofluorescence and high-resolution confocal microscopy were employed to trace the nasally delivered mitochondria and evaluate their effect on synaptic loss. Black Gold II immunostaining was used to determine myelin integrity. Transmission electron microscopy helped determine mitochondrial and membrane integrity of brain synaptosomes. RNA-sequencing was performed to analyse the hippocampal transcriptome. Results: Two nasal administrations of mitochondria isolated from human mesenchymal stem cells to mice, restored executive functioning, working and spatial memory. Confocal imaging revealed nasally delivered mitochondria rapidly arrived in the meninges where they were readily internalized by macrophages. The administered mitochondria also accessed the rostral migratory stream and various other brain regions including the hippocampus where they colocalized with GFAP+ cells. The restoration of cognitive function was associated with structural repair of myelin in the cingulate cortex and synaptic loss in the hippocampus. Nasal mitochondrial donation also reversed the underlying synaptosomal mitochondrial defects. Moreover, transcriptome analysis by RNA-sequencing showed reversal of cisplatin-induced changes in the expression of about seven hundred genes in the hippocampus. Pathway analysis identified Nrf2-mediated response as the top canonical pathway. Conclusion: Our results provide key evidence on the therapeutic potential of isolated mitochondria - restoring both brain structure and function, their capability to enter brain meninges and parenchyma upon nasal delivery and undergo rapid cellular internalization and alter the hippocampal transcriptome. Our data identify nasal administration of mitochondria as an effective strategy for reversing chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits and restoring brain health, providing promise for the growing population of both adult and pediatric cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenolyn F. Alexander
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Alexandre V. Seua
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Luis D. Arroyo
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Pradipta R. Ray
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Laura Heiβ-Lückemann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Cobi J. Heijnen
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
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Holmannova D, Borsky P, Borska L, Andrys C, Hamakova K, Rehacek V, Svadlakova T, Malkova A, Beranek M, Palicka V, Krejsek J, Fiala Z. Metabolic Syndrome, Clusterin and Elafin in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165617. [PMID: 32764517 PMCID: PMC7460615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a pathological condition characterized by immune system dysfunction and inflammation. Patients with psoriasis are more likely to develop a wide range of disorders associated with inflammation. Serum levels of various substances and their combinations have been associated with the presence of the disease (psoriasis) and have shown the potential to reflect its activity. The aim of the present study is to contribute to the elucidation of pathophysiological links between psoriasis, its pro-inflammatory comorbidity metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the expression of clusterin and elafin, which are reflected in the pathophysiological “portfolio” of both diseases. Material and methods: Clinical examinations (PASI score), ELISA (clusterin, elafin), and biochemical analyses (parameters of MetS) were performed. Results: We found that patients with psoriasis were more often afflicted by MetS, compared to the healthy controls. Clusterin and elafin levels were higher in the patients than in the controls but did not correlate to the severity of psoriasis. Conclusion: Our data suggest that patients with psoriasis are more susceptible to developing other systemic inflammatory diseases, such as MetS. The levels of clusterin and elafin, which are tightly linked to inflammation, were significantly increased in the patients, compared to the controls, but the presence of MetS in patients did not further increase these levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (C.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Kvetoslava Hamakova
- Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Center, University Hospital, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Tereza Svadlakova
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (C.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Martin Beranek
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimir Palicka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (C.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50038 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (Z.F.)
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Yuan Z, Wan Z, Wei P, Lu X, Mao J, Cai Q, Zhang X, Yang X. Dual-Controlled Release of Icariin/Mg 2+ from Biodegradable Microspheres and Their Synergistic Upregulation Effect on Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000211. [PMID: 32338458 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current scaffolds applied for bone tissue engineering are still lacking sufficient osteogenic capacity to induce efficient bone regeneration. Biodegradable microsphere-type scaffolds are designed to achieve the dual-controlled release of a Chinese medicine (i.e., icariin, ICA) and a bioactive ion (i.e., Mg2+ ), in order to achieve their synergistic effect on inducing osteogenesis. The hydrophobic icariin is preloaded onto MgO/MgCO3 (1:1 in weight ratio) particles at different amounts and then the particles are encapsulated into biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres (PMI) at a fixed fraction (20 wt%). Continuous releases of Mg2+ ion and icariin from the microspheres are detected, showing dependence on icariin amounts. At an optimized moderate loading amount, the resulting PMI-M microspheres display the strongest activation effect on cell biological behaviors among all the designs. By implanting the PMI-M microspheres into rat calvarial defects for 16 weeks, it is found that they can effectively enhance new bone formation, presenting significantly higher capacity in inducing osteogenesis than PMg (containing MgO/MgCO3 but without icariin) and blank PLGA microspheres. Clearly, the released Mg2+ ions are beneficial to osteogenesis, and the coincorporation of icariin exerts supplemental effects in inducing new bone formation, which suggest a promising strategy to regenerate severe bone injuries by designing a dual-release system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of EndodonticsSchool and Hospital of StomatologyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Jianping Mao
- Department of Spine SurgeryBeijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 P. R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of EndodonticsSchool and Hospital of StomatologyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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Hamazaki J, Murata S. ER-Resident Transcription Factor Nrf1 Regulates Proteasome Expression and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103683. [PMID: 32456207 PMCID: PMC7279161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein folding is a substantively error prone process, especially when it occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The highly exquisite machinery in the ER controls secretory protein folding, recognizes aberrant folding states, and retrotranslocates permanently misfolded proteins from the ER back to the cytosol; these misfolded proteins are then degraded by the ubiquitin–proteasome system termed as the ER-associated degradation (ERAD). The 26S proteasome is a multisubunit protease complex that recognizes and degrades ubiquitinated proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. The complex structure of the 26S proteasome requires exquisite regulation at the transcription, translation, and molecular assembly levels. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 1 (Nrf1; NFE2L1), an ER-resident transcription factor, has recently been shown to be responsible for the coordinated expression of all the proteasome subunit genes upon proteasome impairment in mammalian cells. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the transcriptional regulation of the proteasome, as well as recent findings concerning the regulation of Nrf1 transcription activity in ER homeostasis and metabolic processes.
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Wang FY, Jia J, Song HH, Jia CM, Chen CB, Ma J. Icariin protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2019; 17:205-212. [PMID: 30890424 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism(s) of icariin (ICA) in preventing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced vascular endothelial cell injury via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). METHODS To study the effects of ICA on H2O2-induced damage, we used the cell counting kit-8 assay to detect cell viability and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay to determine cell adhesion and apoptosis, respectively. Spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Subsequently, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, different concentrations of ICA exhibited multiple effects, including reduced H2O2 damage, improved cell viability and adhesion, reduced cell apoptosis and increased SOD and GSH-Px activity. Among the ICA concentrations used, only the H2O2 + 100 μmol/L ICA group had significant differences compared to the H2O2 group. ERS activators H2O2 and dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) significantly increased GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α expressions, decreased cell activity and reduced SOD and GSH-Px activity. In contrast, the H2O2 + 100 μmol/L ICA and H2O2 + 100 μmol/L ICA + DTT groups had significant inhibitory effects on the expressions of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α proteins, showing enhanced cell viability and SOD and GSH-Px activity. CONCLUSION The results showed the dose-dependent effects of ICA against H2O2-induced injury in vascular endothelial cells. The inhibition of GRP78, ATF4 and eIF2α protein expressions in the ERS, and the subsequent alleviation of oxidative stress damage, might be the molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Huan-Huan Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chang-Bo Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Army Medical Center in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Forth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Li H, Zhang X, Qi X, Zhu X, Cheng L. Icariin Inhibits Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Neuronal Apoptosis after Spinal Cord Injury through Modulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:277-286. [PMID: 30745820 PMCID: PMC6367543 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced neuronal apoptosis is a crucial pathological process of spinal cord injury (SCI). In our previous study, icariin (ICA) showed neuroprotective effects in SCI. However, the relationships between ER stress and ICA in SCI are unclear yet. Therefore, whether ICA could ameliorate SCI via attenuating ER stress was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Adult mice were established SCI model and received vehicle solution or ICA by gavage once per day in vivo. The primary cultured cells were treated with or without thapsigargin (TG), ICA or LY294002 to induce ER stress in vitro. Motor dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, tissue damage and inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway were induced by ER stress after SCI. But ICA administration significantly enhanced motor recovery and protected spinal cord tissues against infraction and hemorrhage, etc. post injury. Meanwhile, the expression of ER stress markers ATF6, IRE1α, GRP78, XBP1 and eIF2α was decreased, while the level of p-AKT/AKT was increased by ICA. Furthermore, ICA significantly inhibited the expression of ER stress apoptotic proteins caspase-12, CHOP, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-9 and caspase-3. Moreover, immunofluorescence double staining indicated that ICA reduced GRP78, CHOP and TUNEL positive neurons following SCI. However, this beneficial effect of ICA was abolished by PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 in vitro. Finally, ICA preserved the ultra-structure of ER by transmission electron microscope histologically. This study suggested that the neuroprotective effect of ICA on motor recovery and neuronal survival was related to attenuating ER stress via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.,Key Laboratory of spine and spinal cord injury repair and regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xi Qi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.,Key Laboratory of spine and spinal cord injury repair and regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.,Key Laboratory of spine and spinal cord injury repair and regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.,Key Laboratory of spine and spinal cord injury repair and regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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14
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Li H, Zhang X, Zhu X, Qi X, Lin K, Cheng L. The Effects of Icariin on Enhancing Motor Recovery Through Attenuating Pro-inflammatory Factors and Oxidative Stress via Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in the Mice Model of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1617. [PMID: 30505282 PMCID: PMC6250845 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe medical problem leading to crucial life change. Icariin (ICA) is a natural flavonoid compound extracted from the Chinese herb Epimedium brevicornum which has neuroprotective effects. But little is known about the relationship between ICA and SCI. We hypothesized ICA may enhance motor recovery through attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mice were randomly assigned to sham, SCI, ICA 20 μmol/kg (low dose) and ICA 50 μmol/kg (high dose) groups. And Behavioral, biochemical, molecular biological, immunofluorescent and histological assays were performed. First, ICA enhanced motor recovery greatly at 14, 28, and 42 days and protected spinal cord tissues especially in the high dose group. Meanwhile, ICA decreased the production of interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase at 24 h and 3 days after SCI. The level of mitochondrial reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), Na+-K+-ATPase, mitochondrial membrane potential, state III respiration rate and the respiratory control ratio were also significantly increased, while malondialdehyde level and Ca2+ concentration were decreased by ICA. Furthermore, ICA decreased the expression of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins at 3 days after SCI. More importantly, transferase UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Nissl staining implied that ICA at a high dose inhibited the neuronal apoptosis after SCI. Our research indicated that early and continuous treatment of ICA at a high dose significantly enhanced motor recovery after SCI through inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Qi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Jin J, Wang H, Hua X, Chen D, Huang C, Chen Z. An outline for the pharmacological effect of icariin in the nervous system. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:20-32. [PMID: 30342950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Icariin is a major active component of the traditional herb Epimedium, also known as Horny Goat Weed. It has been extensively studied throughout the past several years and is known to exert anti-oxidative, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. It is now being considered as a potential therapeutic agent for a wide variety of disorders, ranging from neoplasm to cardiovascular disease. More recent studies have shown that icariin exhibits potential preventive and/or therapeutic effects in the nervous system. For example, icariin can prevent the production of amyloid β (1-42) and inhibit the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Icariin has been shown to mitigate pro-inflammatory responses of microglia in culture and in animal models of cerebral ischemia, depression, Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Icariin also prevents the neurotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ibotenic acid, and homocysteine. In addition, icariin is implicated in facilitating learning and memory in both normal aging animals and disease models. To date, we still have no consolidated source of knowledge about the pharmacological effects of icariin in the nervous system, though its roles in other tissues have been reviewed in recent years. Here, we summarize the pharmacological development of icariin as well as its possible mechanisms in prevention and/or therapy of disorders afflicting the nervous system in hope of expanding the knowledge about the preventive and/or therapeutic effect of icariin in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neuroscience & Cell Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes lane, Piscataway, 08854 New Jersey, United States
| | - Xiaoying Hua
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, #999 Liangxi Road, Wu xi, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Dongjian Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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16
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The Beneficial Effect of Proanthocyanidins and Icariin on Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092746. [PMID: 30217029 PMCID: PMC6163320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is an important factor that influences bone metabolism, the endocrine and/or paracrine system, and bone-active mineral elements homeostasis. We studied antiosteoporotic effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract, icariin or alendronate (ALN) in retinoic acid-induced (13cRA) bone loss in rats. Proanthocyanidins and icariin have beneficial effects on bone health; they have improved the bone weight reduction, the length and the diameter of the bone, calcium, and phosphorus content in bone ash, bone mineral density (BMD), the biochemical markers of bone turnover and uterus atrophy induced by 13cRA. All results suggest that proanthocyanidins and icariin reverse osteoporosis in 13cRA rats by stimulating bone formation or regulating bone resorption by their antioxidative and estrogenic-like activity without toxic side-effects observed in ALN treatment.
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17
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Bartelt A, Widenmaier SB, Schlein C, Johann K, Goncalves RLS, Eguchi K, Fischer AW, Parlakgül G, Snyder NA, Nguyen TB, Bruns OT, Franke D, Bawendi MG, Lynes MD, Leiria LO, Tseng YH, Inouye KE, Arruda AP, Hotamisligil GS. Brown adipose tissue thermogenic adaptation requires Nrf1-mediated proteasomal activity. Nat Med 2018; 24:292-303. [PMID: 29400713 PMCID: PMC5839993 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes possess remarkable adaptive capacity to respond to nutrient excess, fasting or cold exposure, and they are thus an important cell type for the maintenance of proper metabolic health. Although the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle for cellular homeostasis, the mechanisms that mediate adaptation of the ER to metabolic challenges in adipocytes are unclear. Here we show that brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic function requires an adaptive increase in proteasomal activity to secure cellular protein quality control, and we identify the ER-localized transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 1 (Nfe2l1, also known as Nrf1) as a critical driver of this process. We show that cold adaptation induces Nrf1 in BAT to increase proteasomal activity and that this is crucial for maintaining ER homeostasis and cellular integrity, specifically when the cells are in a state of high thermogenic activity. In mice, under thermogenic conditions, brown-adipocyte-specific deletion of Nfe2l1 (Nrf1) resulted in ER stress, tissue inflammation, markedly diminished mitochondrial function and whitening of the BAT. In mouse models of both genetic and dietary obesity, stimulation of proteasomal activity by exogenously expressing Nrf1 or by treatment with the proteasome activator PA28α in BAT resulted in improved insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, Nrf1 emerges as a novel guardian of brown adipocyte function, providing increased proteometabolic quality control for adapting to cold or to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bartelt
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott B Widenmaier
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kornelia Johann
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Renata L S Goncalves
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kosei Eguchi
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Günes Parlakgül
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole A Snyder
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Truc B Nguyen
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver T Bruns
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Franke
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew D Lynes
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luiz O Leiria
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen E Inouye
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana Paula Arruda
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gökhan S Hotamisligil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Fu X, Li S, Zhou S, Wu Q, Jin F, Shi J. Stimulatory effect of icariin on the proliferation of neural stem cells from rat hippocampus. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:34. [PMID: 29378551 PMCID: PMC5789743 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Icariin (ICA), a major ingredient of Epimediumbrevicornum, has various pharmacological activities including central nervous system protective functions such as the improvement of learning and memory function in mice models of Alzheimer’s disease. It has been reported that ICA can promote regeneration of peripheral nerve and functional recovery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potentiating effect of ICA on the proliferation of rat hippocampal neural stem cells, and explore the possible mechanism involved. Methods Primary neural stem cells were prepared from the hippocampus of newly born SD rats, and cells were cultured in special stem cell culture medium. Neural stem cells were confirmed by immunofluorescence detection of nestin, NSE and GFAP expression. The effect of ICA on the growth and proliferation of the neural stem cells was evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling of proliferating cells, and photomicrographic images of the cultured neural stem cells. Further, the mechanism of ICA-induced cell proliferation of neural stem cells was investigated by analyzing the gene and protein expression of cell cycle related genes cyclin D1 and p21. Results The present study showed that icariin promotes the growth and proliferation of neural stem cells from rat hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner. Incubation of cells with icariin resulted in significant increase in the number of stem cell spheres as well as the increased incorporation of EdU when compared with cells exposed to control vehicle. In addition, it was found that icariin-induced effect on neural stem cells is associated with increased mRNA and protein expression of cell cycle genes cyclin D1 and p21. Conclusions This study evidently demonstrates the potentiating effect of ICA on neural stem cell growth and proliferation, which might be mediated through regulation of cell cycle gene and protein expression promoting cell cycle progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2095-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Hu J, Mao Z, He S, Zhan Y, Ning R, Liu W, Yan B, Yang J. Icariin protects against glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis, increases the expression of the bone enhancer DEC1 and modulates the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin integrated signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 136:109-121. [PMID: 28408345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious public health concern worldwide. Herba epimedii has been used for centuries and even thousands of years to treat osteoporotic conditions. Icariin, a flavonol glycoside, is one of the major active ingredients. In this study, we have shown that icariin protected against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic changes in SaoS-2 cells and mice. We have also shown that dexamethasone (a glucocorticoid) suppressed and icariin induced DEC1, a structurally distinct helix-loop-helix protein. DEC1 overexpression promoted whereas DEC1 knockdown decreased osteogenic activity. Likewise, DEC1 overexpression and knockdown inversely regulated the expression of β-catenin and PIK3CA, an essential player in the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, respectively. Interestingly, DKK1, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, and LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling, abolished the induction of DEC1 by icariin. It is established that these two pathways are interconnected by the phosphorylation status of GSK3β. Dexamethasone decreased but icariin increased GSK3β phosphorylation. Finally, DEC1 deficient mice developed osteoporotic phenotypes. Taken together, it is concluded that DEC1 likely supports the action of icariin against glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis with an involvement of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin integrated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Hu
- Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Changzhou No. 7 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Zhao Mao
- Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shuangcheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuanran Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rui Ning
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | | | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Icariin Attenuates OGD/R-Induced Autophagy via Bcl-2-Dependent Cross Talk between Apoptosis and Autophagy in PC12 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:4343084. [PMID: 27610184 PMCID: PMC5004044 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4343084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Icariin (ICA), an active component of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, exerts a variety of neuroprotective effects such as antiapoptosis. However, the mechanisms underlying antiapoptosis of ICA in neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) are unclear. The B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein family plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy through Bcl-2-dependent cross talk. Bcl-2 suppresses apoptosis by binding to Bax and inhibits autophagy by binding to Beclin-1 which is an autophagy related protein. In the present study, MTT result showed that ICA increased cell viability significantly in OGD/R treated PC12 cells (P < 0.01). Results of western blotting analysis showed that ICA increased Bcl-2 expression significantly and decreased expressions of Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, Beclin-1, and LC3-II significantly in OGD/R treated PC12 cells (P < 0.01). These results suggest that ICA protects PC12 cells from OGD/R induced autophagy via Bcl-2-dependent cross talk between apoptosis and autophagy.
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The Natural Occurring Compounds Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7831282. [PMID: 27563337 PMCID: PMC4987485 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7831282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ER stress has been implicated in pathophysiological development of many diseases. Persistent overwhelming stimuli trigger ER stress to initiate apoptosis, autophagy, and cell death. IRE1-JNK and eIF2α-CHOP signaling pathways are the two important players of ER stress, which is also modulated by ROS production, calcium disturbance, and inflammatory factors. ER stress has been developed as a novel strategy for diseases management. Recently, a vast of research focuses on the natural occurring compounds targeting ER stress, which results in medical benefits to human diseases. These small reported molecules mainly include polyphenols, alkaloids, and saponins. Many of them have been developed for use in clinical applications. To better understand the pharmacological mechanism of these molecules in ER stress in diseases, efforts have been made to discover and deliver medical merits. In this paper, we will summarize the natural occurring compounds targeting ER stress.
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Munshi S, Dahl R. Cytoprotective small molecule modulators of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2382-2388. [PMID: 27091069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellular health depends on the normal function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to fold, assemble, and modify critical proteins to maintain viability. When the ER cannot process proteins effectively, a condition known as ER stress ensues. When this stress is excessive or prolonged, cell death via apoptotic pathways is triggered. Interestingly, most major diseases have been shown to be intimately linked to ER stress, including diabetes, stroke, neurodegeneration, and many cancers. Thus, controlling ER stress presents a significant strategy for drug development for these diseases. The goal of this review is to present various small molecules that alleviate ER stress with the intention that they may serve as useful starting points for therapeutic agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Munshi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Russell Dahl
- Neurodon LLC, 5700 Tanager St., Schererville, IN 46375, USA.
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Fujimoto E, Matsushita Y, Nakajima T, Yagishita N, Yamasaki T, Nakanishi T. CD81 Mediated Regulation of Synoviolin Expression in Synovial Sarcoma Cells. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.25.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naoko Yagishita
- Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
| | | | - Tohru Nakanishi
- Molecular Biology and Clinical Diagnosis, Shujitsu University Graduate School of Pharmacy
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24
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Yin YW, Jin HJ, Zhao W, Gao B, Fang J, Wei J, Zhang DD, Zhang J, Fang D. The Histone Acetyltransferase GCN5 Expression Is Elevated and Regulated by c-Myc and E2F1 Transcription Factors in Human Colon Cancer. Gene Expr 2015; 16:187-96. [PMID: 26637399 PMCID: PMC5584536 DOI: 10.3727/105221615x14399878166230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 has been suggested to be involved in promoting cancer cell growth. But its role in human colon cancer development remains unknown. Herein we discovered that GCN5 expression is significantly upregulated in human colon adenocarcinoma tissues. We further demonstrate that GCN5 is upregulated in human colon cancer at the mRNA level. Surprisingly, two transcription factors, the oncogenic c-Myc and the proapoptotic E2F1, are responsible for GCN5 mRNA transcription. Knockdown of c-Myc inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation largely through downregulating GCN5 transcription, which can be fully rescued by the ectopic GCN5 expression. In contrast, E2F1 expression induced human colon cancer cell death, and suppression of GCN5 expression in cells with E2F1 overexpression further facilitated cell apoptosis, suggesting that GCN5 expression is induced by E2F1 as a possible negative feedback in suppressing E2F1-mediated cell apoptosis. In addition, suppression of GCN5 with its specific inhibitor CPTH2 inhibited human colon cancer cell growth. Our studies reveal that GCN5 plays a positive role in human colon cancer development, and its suppression holds a great therapeutic potential in antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Yin
- *Department of Oncology, Linyi People’s Hospital, and Linyi Tumor Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Jin
- †Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- *Department of Oncology, Linyi People’s Hospital, and Linyi Tumor Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Beixue Gao
- ‡Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiangao Fang
- ‡Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junmin Wei
- §Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Donna D. Zhang
- ¶Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jianing Zhang
- #School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, P.R. China
| | - Deyu Fang
- ‡Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- #School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, P.R. China
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