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Özokan G, Bilginer A, Mızrak Z, Işıkoğlu S, Beler M, Ünal İ, Cansız D, Alturfan AA, Emekli-Alturfan E. Comparison of the cytotoxicity and zebrafish embryo toxicity of insect repellent ingredients: p-Menthane-3,8-diol synthesized by green chemistry from Eucalyptus citriodora and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38738628 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2350664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Bio-sourced insect repellents are becoming more popular due to their safer applications. Known for its strong fly-repellent property, Cis, trans-para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) is the main component of the lemon eucalyptus essential oil and is synthesized from citronellal. In April 2005, US Centers for Disease Control approved two fly repellents that do not contain N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), including PMD. Due to the intentional and pervasive human exposure caused by DEET as insect repellent, concerns have been raised about its toxicological profile and potential harm to people. We hypothesized PMD would have a different toxicological profile than DEET. We synthesized PMD from Eucalyptus citriodora using green chemistry methods and analyzed its structures by 1H-NMR,13C-NMR, and GC/MS spectral methods. We used MTS assay to determine the percentage inhibition of PMD and DEET on keratinocyte (human epidermal keratinocyte [HaCaT]) cells. The xCelligence system was used and followed at real time. Effects of PMD and DEET on zebrafish embryo development were monitored and levels of lipid peroxidation, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were evaluated at 72 h post-fertilization using spectrophotometric methods. Our results showed that while DEET inhibited human keratinocyte cell growth, while imporved cell viability and proliferation was exposed in PMD exposed group. In zebrafish embryos, PMD was less toxic in terms of development, oxidant-antioxidant status, and AChE activities than DEET. Based on these results we suggest an efficient method using green chemistry for the synthesis of PMD, which is found to be less toxic in zebrafish embryos and human keratinocyte cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Özokan
- BioArge Laboratories, Yıldız Technical University Technocity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdulkerim Bilginer
- BioArge Laboratories, Yıldız Technical University Technocity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zülal Mızrak
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semanur Işıkoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merih Beler
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ünal
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Cansız
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Ata Alturfan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chronister BN, Yang K, Yang AR, Lin T, Tu XM, Lopez-Paredes D, Checkoway H, Suarez-Torres J, Gahagan S, Martinez D, Barr D, Moore RC, Suarez-Lopez JR. Urinary Glyphosate, 2,4-D and DEET Biomarkers in Relation to Neurobehavioral Performance in Ecuadorian Adolescents in the ESPINA Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107007. [PMID: 37819080 PMCID: PMC10566341 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbicides are the most used class of pesticides worldwide, and insect repellents are widely used globally. Yet, there is a dearth of studies characterizing the associations between these chemical groups and human neurobehavior. Experimental studies suggest that glyphosate and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicides can affect neurobehavior and the cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways in the brain. We aim to assess whether herbicides and insect repellents are associated with neurobehavioral performance in adolescents. METHODS We assessed 519 participants (11-17 years of age) living in agricultural communities in Ecuador. We quantified urinary concentrations of glyphosate, 2,4-D, and two N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent metabolites [3-(diethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (DCBA) and 3-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (ECBA)] using isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. We assessed neurobehavioral performance using 9 subtests across 5 domains (attention/inhibitory control, memory/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception). We characterized the associations using generalized estimating equations and multiple imputation for metabolites below detection limits. Models were adjusted for demographic and anthropometric characteristics, urinary creatinine, and sexual maturation. Mediation by salivary cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, 17 β -estradiol , and testosterone was assessed using structural equation modeling. RESULTS The mean of each neurobehavioral domain score was between 7.0 and 8.7 [standard deviation (SD) range: 2.0-2.3]. Glyphosate was detected in 98.3% of participants, 2,4-D in 66.2%, DCBA in 63.3%, and ECBA in 33.4%. 2,4-D was negatively associated with all neurobehavioral domains, but statistically significant associations were observed with attention/inhibition [score difference per 50% higher metabolite concentration ( β ) = - 0.19 95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.31 , - 0.07 ], language [β = - 0.12 (95% CI: - 0.23 , - 0.01 )], and memory/learning [β = - 0.11 (95% CI: - 0.22 , 0.01)]. Glyphosate had a statistically significant negative association only with social perception [β = - 0.08 (95% CI: - 0.14 , - 0.01 )]. DEET metabolites were not associated with neurobehavioral performance. Mediation by gender and adrenal hormones was not observed. CONCLUSION This study describes worse neurobehavioral performance associated with herbicide exposures in adolescents, particularly with 2,4-D. Replication of these findings among other pediatric and adult populations is needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11383.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N.C. Chronister
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Audrey R. Yang
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tuo Lin
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Xin M. Tu
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Harvey Checkoway
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Dana Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jose R. Suarez-Lopez
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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Sublethal biochemical, behavioral, and physiological toxicity of extremely low dose of bendiocarb insecticide in Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47742-47754. [PMID: 36745351 PMCID: PMC10097796 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are dedicated to impair the insect organisms, but also have an impact on other, non-target organisms, including humans. In this way, they became important risk factor for disturbance of physiological homeostasis and can be involved in the development of diseases or in deterioration of existing conditions. The influence of sublethal doses of various insecticides on vertebrates' and invertebrates' organisms has been previously observed. In this paper, we have evaluated the impact of exposure to extremely low dose of neurotoxin, bendiocarb (0.1 nM), a commonly used carbamate insecticide on a model organism in neurobiology-Periplaneta americana. The assessment was performed on all levels of animal organism from molecular (oxidative stress parameters: phosphorylation level of proteins, cAMP level, protein kinase A and C levels, and octopamine) to physiological (heart beat and gas exchange tests) and behavioral (motor skills assay, grooming test). Exposure to such a low level of bendiocarb did not cause direct paralysis of insects, but changed their grooming behavior, decreased heart rate, and increased gas exchange. We also observed the increased parameters of oxidative stress as well as stressogenic response to 0.1 nM bendiocarb exposure. Exposure to a trace amount of bendiocarb also increased sensitivity to effective doses of the same insecticide, thus acts as preconditioning. These results force us to reconsider the possible risk from frequent/continuous exposure to traces of pesticide residues in the environment to human health.
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Mauff AL, Cartereau A, Plantard O, Taillebois E, Thany SH. Effect of the combination of DEET and flupyradifurone on the tick Ixodes ricinus: Repellency bioassay and pharmacological characterization using microtransplantation of synganglion membranes. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102079. [PMID: 36417824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ticks are vectors of many human and animal pathogens, and represent a major threat to public health. In recent years, an increase in tick-borne diseases has been observed, and new strategies are therefore needed in order to control tick numbers and reduce human tick bites. In the present study, we adapted the previous tick repellency bioassay based on the exploration behavior of the tick, using the ToxTrac software and video-tracking, to compare the repellent effect of two compounds on the tick Ixodes ricinus: N,N-diethyl-methyl-m-toluamide (DEET), and butenolide, flupyradifurone (FLU). We found that when applied alone, 10% DEET or FLU have no/or low repellency effect. But, the combination of both 10% DEET and FLU demonstrated a significant repellency effect against I. ricinus, similar to the repellency of 20% DEET. Using membrane microtransplantation, we evaluated the effect of DEET and FLU on native acetylcholine receptors expressed on the tick synganglion. We found that DEET has no effect on acetylcholine-evoked currents, but significantly reduced nicotine-induced current amplitudes. FLU induced an ionic current but was not able to reduce acetylcholine or nicotine evoked currents. The combination of both DEET and FLU strongly reduced nicotine-evoked currents. Finally, we demonstrated that our recording device for repellency, as well as the use of membrane microtransplantation, could be used as methods to study the mode of action of active compounds on ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Mauff
- LBLGC USC INRAE 1328, Université d'Orléans, 1 rue de Chartres, Orléans 45067, France
| | - Alison Cartereau
- LBLGC USC INRAE 1328, Université d'Orléans, 1 rue de Chartres, Orléans 45067, France
| | | | - Emiliane Taillebois
- LBLGC USC INRAE 1328, Université d'Orléans, 1 rue de Chartres, Orléans 45067, France
| | - Steeve H Thany
- LBLGC USC INRAE 1328, Université d'Orléans, 1 rue de Chartres, Orléans 45067, France.
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Molecular insights on ar-turmerone as a structural, functional and pharmacophoric analogue of synthetic mosquito repellent DEET by comprehensive computational assessment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15564. [PMID: 36114273 PMCID: PMC9481521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMosquitoes are vectors for a variety of infectious illnesses, and chemical synthetic insecticides have made it possible to control them effectively. Mosquito repellents are a typical means of keeping mosquitos at bay. Because of its main effectiveness of skin permeability, N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) is one of the most extensively used mosquito repellents but a dangerous synthetic chemical. DEET was identified about a decade ago to inhibit mosquito's Odorant Binding Protein 1 (OBP1), impairing the mosquito's ability to recognise the host body odour. OBP1 has been identified as a possible target for the development of new mosquito repellents since its discovery. Essential oils from different plants, on the other hand, have been used to repel mosquitos since antiquity. One essential oil from the Curcuma longa (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae) rhizome display mosquito repellent properties, according to the literature. Furthermore, one of the phytochemicals found in abundance in C. longa essential oil, ar-turmerone, exhibits mosquito repellency as comparable to synthetic DEET. Till date studies on in-silico interaction of natural ar-turmerone with OBP1, which we depict in our current work are scarce. Further, there exist no published reports demonstrating the literary evidence on detailed insights of interaction of DEET with OBP1 along with Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation studies. We further performed detailed molecular investigations using pharmacophore analysis of ar-turmerone and compared it with DEET, where our findings in the current manuscript unveils for the first time that ar-turmerone is a functional, structural and pharmacophoric analogue of DEET.
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Pilon A, Goven D, Raymond V. Pharmacological and molecular characterization of the A-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor from Anopheles gambiae. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:497-507. [PMID: 35357052 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) which are G protein-coupled receptors play key roles in insect physiology. Whereas vertebrate mAChRs are important targets for pharmaceutical drugs, insect mAChRs are under-exploited by the agro-chemical industry. Moreover, insect mAChRs have been less well studied than their vertebrate counterparts. Their critical functions mean that a better knowledge of the insect mAChRs is crucial for the effort to develop a new molecular-level strategy for insect pest management. Almost all insects possess three mAChRs named A, B and C which differ according to their coupling effector systems and their pharmacological profile. The aim of this study was to characterize the A-type mAChR (mAChR-A) from Anopheles gambiae which is the major vector of malaria in order to develop new strategies in pest management. In this paper, we reported that mAChR-A is more expressed in adult mosquitoes than in larvae. Furthermore, using calcium imaging recordings, we found that the An. gambiae mAChR-A expressed in Sf9 cells is activated by specific muscarinic agonists acetylcholine, muscarine and oxotremorine M and blocked by several mAChR antagonists. Moreover, using inhibitors of phosphoinositide pathway such as Gαq/11 protein blocker, we have shown that an increased intracellular calcium concentration elicited by the acetylcholine application was mediated by PLC/IP3R pathway. As a rise in intracellular calcium concentration could lead to an increase in the insecticide target sensitivity, these results suggest that An. gambiae mAChR-A should not be only considered as a potential target for new molecules but also as a key element to optimize the efficacy of insecticide in vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pilon
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Valerie Raymond
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
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Maia PCR, La Corte R, Pires LB, Banfield L, Logan JG, Lima-Camara TN. Increased Repellent Effect of DEET on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Field Population. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:1368-1375. [PMID: 35686335 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides and repellents are routinely used in Brazil because of the high rates of arbovirus transmission and the nuisance caused by mosquitoes. However, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of repellents against mosquito populations that have been under exposure to xenobiotics, mainly insecticides and repellents. This study investigated the sensitivity of a field population of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) from a dengue-endemic area under high insecticide pressure to N,N-diethylmethylbenzamide (DEET), the active ingredient in common repellent products. The field (Laranjeiras, Sergipe, Brazil) and laboratory (Rockefeller) populations were characterized for the presence of the Val1016Ile kdr mutation, associated with pyrethroid resistance, and locomotor activity. Repellency bioassays were performed to assess the response of the mosquitoes to human odor by exposing them to 10% DEET applied to the skin in ethanol. Samples from the field population showed higher frequency of the kdr mutation, 21.9% homozygous and 21.9% heterozygous, greater locomotor activity and greater sensitivity to DEET than the laboratory population. These results suggest increased sensitivity to DEET in field populations and a possible interaction between insecticide exposure and sensitivity to DEET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollyana Conceição Romão Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Roseli La Corte
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Av. Mal Rondon s/n São Cristóvão-SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Liandra Brasil Pires
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Av. Mal Rondon s/n São Cristóvão-SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lydia Banfield
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - James G Logan
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Tamara Nunes Lima-Camara
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo-SP, 01246-904, Brazil
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In Search of Synergistic Insect Repellents: Modeling of Muscarinic GPCR Interactions with Classical and Bitopic Photoactive Ligands. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103280. [PMID: 35630759 PMCID: PMC9147842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect vector-borne diseases pose serious health problems, so there is a high demand for efficient molecules that could reduce transmission. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we studied a series of compounds acting on human and insect muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), a novel target of synergistic agents in pest control. We characterized early conformational changes of human M1 and fruit fly type-A mAChR G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in response to DEET, IR3535, and muscarine binding based on the MD analysis of the activation microswitches known to form the signal transduction pathway in class A GPCRs. We indicated groups of microswitches that are the most affected by the presence of a ligand. Moreover, to increase selectivity towards insects, we proposed a new, bitopic, photoswitchable mAChR ligand—BQCA-azo-IR353 and studied its interactions with both receptors. Modeling data showed that using a bitopic ligand may be a promising strategy in the search for better insect control.
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Skomal AE, Zhang J, Yang K, Yen J, Tu X, Suarez-Torres J, Lopez-Paredes D, Calafat AM, Ospina M, Martinez D, Suarez-Lopez JR. Concurrent urinary organophosphate metabolites and acetylcholinesterase activity in Ecuadorian adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112163. [PMID: 34627797 PMCID: PMC9138777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphates are insecticides that inhibit the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Because of this, AChE is considered a physiological marker of organophosphate exposure in agricultural settings. However, limited research exists on the associations between urinary organophosphate metabolites and AChE activity in children. METHODS This study included 526 participants from 2 exams (April and July-October 2016) of ages 12-17 years living in agricultural communities in Ecuador. AChE activity was measured at both examinations, and organophosphate metabolites, including para-nitrophenol (PNP), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), and malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA) were measured in urine collected in July-October. We used generalized estimating equation generalized linear model (GEEGLM), adjusting for hemoglobin, creatinine, and other demographic and anthropometric covariates, to estimate associations of urinary metabolite concentrations with AChE activity (July-October) and AChE% change between April and July-October. RESULTS The mean (SD) of AChE and AChE% change (April vs July-October) were 3.67 U/mL (0.54) and -2.5% (15.4%), respectively. AChE activity was inversely associated with PNP concentration, whereas AChE% change was inversely associated with PNP and MDA. There was evidence of a threshold: difference was only significant above the 80th percentile of PNP concentration (AChE difference per SD increase of metabolite = -0.12 U/mL [95%CI: 0.20, -0.04]). Likewise, associations with AChE% change were significant only above the 80th percentile of TCPy (AChE % change per SD increase of metabolite = -1.38% [95%CI: 2.43%, -0.32%]) and PNP -2.47% [95%CI: 4.45%, -0.50%]). PNP concentration at ≥80th percentile was associated with elevated ORs for low AChE activity of 2.9 (95% CI: 1.5, 5.7) and for AChE inhibition of ≤ -10% of 3.7 (95% CI: 1.4, 9.8). CONCLUSIONS Urinary organophosphate metabolites, including PNP, TCPy and MDA, particularly at concentrations above the 80th percentile, were associated with lower AChE activity among adolescents. These findings bring attention to the value of using multiple constructs of pesticide exposure in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Skomal
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jasen Zhang
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Yen
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xin Tu
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Ospina
- National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Jose R Suarez-Lopez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Can Virus-like Particles Be Used as Synergistic Agent in Pest Management? Viruses 2022; 14:v14050943. [PMID: 35632685 PMCID: PMC9144638 DOI: 10.3390/v14050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among novel strategies proposed in pest management, synergistic agents are used to improve insecticide efficacy through an elevation of intracellular calcium concentration that activates the calcium-dependent intracellular pathway. This leads to a changed target site conformation and to increased sensitivity to insecticides while reducing their concentrations. Because virus-like particles (VLPs) increase the intracellular calcium concentration, they can be used as a synergistic agent to synergize the effect of insecticides. VLPs are self-assembled viral protein complexes, and by contrast to entomopathogen viruses, they are devoid of genetic material, which makes them non-infectious and safer than viruses. Although VLPs are well-known to be used in human health, we propose in this study the development of a promising strategy based on the use of VLPs as synergistic agents in pest management. This will lead to increased insecticides efficacy while reducing their concentrations.
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A Comparative Perspective on Functionally-Related, Intracellular Calcium Channels: The Insect Ryanodine and Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071031. [PMID: 34356655 PMCID: PMC8301844 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is vital for insect development and metabolism, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major intracellular reservoir for Ca2+. The inositol 1,4,5- triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and ryanodine receptor (RyR) are large homotetrameric channels associated with the ER and serve as two major actors in ER-derived Ca2+ supply. Most of the knowledge on these receptors derives from mammalian systems that possess three genes for each receptor. These studies have inspired work on synonymous receptors in insects, which encode a single IP3R and RyR. In the current review, we focus on a fundamental, common question: “why do insect cells possess two Ca2+ channel receptors in the ER?”. Through a comparative approach, this review covers the discovery of RyRs and IP3Rs, examines their structures/functions, the pathways that they interact with, and their potential as target sites in pest control. Although insects RyRs and IP3Rs share structural similarities, they are phylogenetically distinct, have their own structural organization, regulatory mechanisms, and expression patterns, which explains their functional distinction. Nevertheless, both have great potential as target sites in pest control, with RyRs currently being targeted by commercial insecticide, the diamides.
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Niklas B, Jankowska M, Gordon D, Béress L, Stankiewicz M, Nowak W. Interactions of Sea Anemone Toxins with Insect Sodium Channel-Insights from Electrophysiology and Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051302. [PMID: 33670972 PMCID: PMC7957711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal venoms are considered as a promising source of new drugs. Sea anemones release polypeptides that affect electrical activity of neurons of their prey. Voltage dependent sodium (Nav) channels are the common targets of Av1, Av2, and Av3 toxins from Anemonia viridis and CgNa from Condylactis gigantea. The toxins bind to the extracellular side of a channel and slow its fast inactivation, but molecular details of the binding modes are not known. Electrophysiological measurements on Periplaneta americana neuronal preparation revealed differences in potency of these toxins to increase nerve activity. Av1 and CgNa exhibit the strongest effects, while Av2 the weakest effect. Extensive molecular docking using a modern SMINA computer method revealed only partial overlap among the sets of toxins’ and channel’s amino acid residues responsible for the selectivity and binding modes. Docking positions support earlier supposition that the higher neuronal activity observed in electrophysiology should be attributed to hampering the fast inactivation gate by interactions of an anemone toxin with the voltage driven S4 helix from domain IV of cockroach Nav channel (NavPaS). Our modelling provides new data linking activity of toxins with their mode of binding in site 3 of NavPaS channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Niklas
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: (B.N.); (W.N.)
| | - Milena Jankowska
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.J.); (M.S.)
| | - Dalia Gordon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - László Béress
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Immunology, Division of Experimental and Clinical Peptide Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Maria Stankiewicz
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.J.); (M.S.)
| | - Wieslaw Nowak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: (B.N.); (W.N.)
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13
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Koloski CW, Duncan CAM, Rutherford PL, Cassone BJ. Natural insensitivity and the effects of concentration on the repellency and survival of American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) by DEET. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2020; 82:379-395. [PMID: 33009647 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is by far the most used repellent worldwide. When applied topically to the skin, the active ingredient has been shown to provide protection from a variety of hematophagous insects, including mosquitoes and flies. DEET's effectiveness against ticks is influenced by a variety of factors (e.g., duration and concentration of application, drying time, route of exposure, tick species and developmental stage), and may differ from insects due to their unique chemosensory system that primarily involves the Haller's organ. We therefore used several approaches to investigate DEET's efficacy to repel Dermacentor variabilis at different concentrations (5, 30 or 75%), as well as explore its toxicological properties and natural variability in DEET insensitivity across populations from Manitoba, Canada. Climbing bioassays indicated that higher concentrations of DEET were more effective at repelling D. variabilis, and that ticks from some sampling localities were more sensitive to lower concentrations than others. Petri dish arena assays revealed ticks exposed to high concentrations of the repellent lose their ability to discriminate lower concentrations, perhaps due to overstimulation or habituation. Finally, our tactile assays demonstrated reduced tick survival after contact with high DEET concentrations, with mortality occurring more rapidly with increased concentration. Dermacentor variabilis from these tactile assays displayed a multitude of physiological and neurological symptoms, such as 'hot foot' and various bodily secretions. Overall, our study shows a strong association between repellency, concentration and the acaricidal effects of DEET on D. variabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody W Koloski
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R78 6A9, Canada
| | - Carlyn A M Duncan
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R78 6A9, Canada
| | | | - Bryan J Cassone
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R78 6A9, Canada.
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Lawrie RD, Mitchell RD, Dhammi A, Wallace A, Hodgson E, Roe RM. Role of long non-coding RNA in DEET- and fipronil-mediated alteration of transcripts associated with Phase I and Phase II xenobiotic metabolism in human primary hepatocytes. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 167:104607. [PMID: 32527422 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental chemicals both individually and in combination occurs frequently world-wide most often with unknown consequences. Use of molecular approaches to aide in the assessment of risk involved in chemical exposure is a growing field in toxicology. In this study, we examined the impact of two environmental chemicals used in and around homes, the insect repellent DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) and the phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil (fluocyanobenpyrazole) on transcript levels of enzymes potentially involved in xenobiotic metabolism and on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Primary human hepatocytes were treated with these two chemicals both individually and in combination. Using RNA-Seq, we found that 10 major enzyme categories involved in phase 1 and phase 2 xenobiotic metabolism were significantly (α = 0.05) up- and down-regulated (i.e., 100 μM DEET-19 transcripts, 89% up and 11% down; 10 μM fipronil-52 transcripts, 53% up and 47% down; and 100 μM DEET +10 μM fipronil-69 transcripts, 43% up and 57% down). The altered genes were then mapped to the human genome and their proximity (within 1,000,000 bp) to lncRNAs examined. Unique proximities were discovered between altered lncRNA and altered P450s (CYP) and other enzymes (DEET, 2 CYP; Fipronil, 6 CYP and 15 other; and DEET + fipronil, 7 CYP and 21 other). Many of the altered P450 transcripts were in multiple clusters in the genome with proximal altered lncRNAs, suggesting a regulator function for the lncRNA. At the gene level there was high percent identity for lncRNAs near P450 clusters, but this relationship was not found at the transcript level. The role of these altered lncRNAs associated with xenobiotic induction, human diseases and chemical mixtures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger D Lawrie
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Robert D Mitchell
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Livestock Insects Research Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028, USA
| | - Anirudh Dhammi
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Andrew Wallace
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ernest Hodgson
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - R Michael Roe
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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15
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Moreau E, Mikulska-Ruminska K, Goulu M, Perrier S, Deshayes C, Stankiewicz M, Apaire-Marchais V, Nowak W, Lapied B. Orthosteric muscarinic receptor activation by the insect repellent IR3535 opens new prospects in insecticide-based vector control. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6842. [PMID: 32321987 PMCID: PMC7176678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The insect repellent IR3535 is one of the important alternative in the fight against mosquito-borne disease such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we propose the development of an innovative insecticide-based vector control strategy using an unexplored property of IR3535. We have demonstrated that in insect neurosecretory cells, very low concentration of IR3535 induces intracellular calcium rise through cellular mechanisms involving orthosteric/allosteric sites of the M1-muscarinic receptor subtype, G protein βγ subunits, background potassium channel inhibition generating depolarization, which induces voltage-gated calcium channel activation. The resulting internal calcium concentration elevation increases nicotinic receptor sensitivity to the neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid. The synergistic interaction between IR3535 and thiacloprid contributes to significantly increase the efficacy of the treatment while reducing concentrations. In this context, IR3535, used as a synergistic agent, seems to promise a new approach in the optimization of the integrated vector management for vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Moreau
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France
| | - Karolina Mikulska-Ruminska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, N. Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Mathilde Goulu
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Perrier
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France
| | - Caroline Deshayes
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France
| | - Maria Stankiewicz
- Faculty of Biological and Veternary Sciences, N. Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Véronique Apaire-Marchais
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France
| | - Wieslaw Nowak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, N. Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et des Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV 4207, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, cedex, France.
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Grison C, Carrasco D, Pelissier F, Moderc A. Reflexion on Bio-Sourced Mosquito Repellents: Nature, Activity, and Preparation. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Menthol Increases Bendiocarb Efficacy Through Activation of Octopamine Receptors and Protein Kinase A. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203775. [PMID: 31635151 PMCID: PMC6832705 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Great effort is put into seeking a new and effective strategies to control insect pests. One of them is to combine natural products with chemical insecticides to increase their effectiveness. In the study presented, menthol which is an essential oil component was evaluated on its ability to increase the efficiency of bendiocarb, carbamate insecticide. A multi-approach study was conducted using biochemical method (to measure acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity), electrophysiological technique (microelectrode recordings in DUM neurons in situ), and confocal microscopy (for calcium imaging). In the electrophysiological experiments, menthol caused hyperpolarization, which was blocked by an octopamine receptor antagonist (phentolamine) and an inhibitor of protein kinase A (H-89). It also raised the intracellular calcium level. The effect of bendiocarb was potentiated by menthol and this phenomenon was abolished by phentolamine and H-89 but not by protein kinase C inhibitor (bisindolylmaleimide IX). The results indicate that menthol increases carbamate insecticide efficiency by acting on octopamine receptors and triggering protein kinase A phosphorylation pathway.
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Swale DR, Bloomquist JR. Is DEET a dangerous neurotoxicant? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2068-2070. [PMID: 31069958 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Controversies surrounding the safety of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) when used as an insect repellent are centered around conflicting findings in the scientific literature and inaccurate reporting in the public media. Lethal cases of DEET poisoning are few, and usually due to deliberate or other overdoses that ignore product label instructions. Deleterious effects of DEET typically involve skin reactions and even when encephalopathies, such as seizures, occur they often abate without sequelae. Recent mode-of-action studies prove it has little direct effect on acetylcholinesterase, and have identified G protein-coupled receptors as a site of action deserving of further investigation. Studies with pregnant women found that DEET had no effect on the developing fetus from proper use and its continued deployment as a repellent is endorsed by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Environmental Protection Agency, with specific recommendations of how it should be used on children. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Swale
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bloomquist
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory, Entomology and Nematology Department, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
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19
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Jankowska M, Lapied B, Jankowski W, Stankiewicz M. The unusual action of essential oil component, menthol, in potentiating the effect of the carbamate insecticide, bendiocarb. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 158:101-111. [PMID: 31378344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Standard chemical insecticides present mainly neurotoxic effects and are becoming less and less effective due to insects developing resistance to them. One of the innovative strategies to control insects pests is to find a way to increase the sensitivity of the target sites in the insect nervous system to the applied insecticides. In the presented research, we proposed menthol, a component of essential oils, as a factor increasing the effectiveness of bendiocarb, a carbamate insecticide. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potentiation of the bendiocarb effect by menthol. In toxicity tests performed on Periplaneta americana, menthol (0.1 μM) accelerated the lethal effect of bendiocarb, primarily in its low concentrations (lower than 0.05 mM). In the presence of menthol (1 and 0.1 μM), the ability of insects to turn back from its dorsal to the normal ventral side was significantly lower than with bendiocarb (1 μM) alone. We also evaluated the effectiveness of chemicals on the activity of the ventral nerve cord of the cockroach. In this preparation, bendiocarb (1 μM and higher concentrations) caused an irregular, spontaneous bursts of action potentials. The total nerve activity (including the response to stimulation and spontaneous firing) was much higher when bendiocarb was applied in the presence of menthol (1 μM). The effect of menthol was similar to the octopamine effect and was abolished by phentolamine, the octopamine receptor antagonist. Our results clearly indicated a strengthening effect of menthol on bendiocarb effectiveness; potentiation occurred through octopamine receptors activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Jankowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire SiFCIR UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, Université d'Angers, UFR Sciences, Angers, France
| | - Waldemar Jankowski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maria Stankiewicz
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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20
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Deletre E, Martin T, Duménil C, Chandre F. Insecticide resistance modifies mosquito response to DEET and natural repellents. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:89. [PMID: 30867033 PMCID: PMC6417241 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae has led to the search for not only alternative insecticides, but also repellent chemical compounds. However, little is known about the potential actions of repellents and the cross-resistance risk between insecticide and repellent compounds. Methods Here we show the action of permethrin, DEET, geraniol, carvacrol, culminaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde against three A. gambiae strains: ‘Kis’ (Kisumu susceptible strain), ‘KdrKis’ (pyrethroid resistant strain) and ‘AcerKis’ (organophosphate resistant strain), the last two differing from the first by a mutation on the kdr and ace1 genes, respectively. Conclusions Results from the DEET assays show it induced repellency for the resistant KdrKis and AcerKis strains but maintained irritancy for the susceptible strain. More generally, we show resistance genes modify the behavior of An. gambiae, increasing or decreasing the effectiveness of DEET and natural compounds, depending on the mutation. These findings offer a new avenue for research on the target and mechanism of repellent compounds. We discuss these findings in the context of vector control strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3343-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Deletre
- Cirad - Montpellier University - UPR Hortsys, Montpellier, France. .,International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Thibaud Martin
- Cirad - Montpellier University - UPR Hortsys, Montpellier, France.,International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Claire Duménil
- Cirad - Montpellier University - UPR Hortsys, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Chandre
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD-CNRS-Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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Reichert W, Ejercito J, Guda T, Dong X, Wu Q, Ray A, Simon JE. Repellency Assessment of Nepeta cataria Essential Oils and Isolated Nepetalactones on Aedes aegypti. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1524. [PMID: 30728370 PMCID: PMC6365536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increased need for improved and affordable insect repellents to reduce transmission of rapidly spreading diseases with high mortality rates. Natural products are often used when DEET cannot be afforded or accessed and when consumers choose not to use a synthetic repellent. The essential oils from two newly bred Nepeta cataria (catnip) plants representing two different chemotypes and their respective isolated nepetalactone isomers were evaluated as mosquito repellents against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that transmit the Zika and Dengue virus in a one choice landing rate inhibition assay. A dose response curve was generated for each treatment and a time course analysis of repellency was performed over 24 hours with a N. cataria essential oil sample. The results indicate that all essential oil samples and their respective purified nepetalactone isomers were able to achieve greater than 95% repellency. Between two and four hours, the ability to repel more than 95% of the mosquitoes diminished. At the lowest concentrations tested, the nepetalactones and crude essential oil samples were more effective than DEET at reducing the number of mosquito landings.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Reichert
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jadrian Ejercito
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Tom Guda
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Xujun Dong
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anandasankar Ray
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - James E Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA. .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
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Molecular evidence for the inhibition of cytochrome p450s and cholinesterases in ticks by the repellent DEET. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2019; 10:515-522. [PMID: 30612950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For more than 50 years DEET (N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide) has been considered the gold standard of repellents. It is applied to the skin or clothing to deter mosquitoes and other blood-sucking invertebrate pests from approaching and/or settling, and ultimately it provides temporary protection from bites. Despite rampant global use, surprisingly little is understood about DEET's mode of action and the molecular targets of the active ingredient. Furthermore, the theories into its mechanism for repellency are largely based off fruit fly and mosquito research. Since ticks possess a unique sensory structure, the Haller's organ, the specific genes and pathways associated with DEET avoidance may differ from insects. In these studies, we collected American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) from four natural populations within Manitoba, Canada. We first carried out behavior assays, which showed DEET effectively repelled the ticks. RNA sequencing revealed that DEET caused a rapid and substantial reduction in the abundance of transcripts encoding cytochrome P450 and acetylcholinesterase genes, which gradually recovered over the 24 h time course. Finally, enzymatic kinetics provided functional support for DEET's role as an effective inhibitor of P450 s. While many facets of its mode of action remain to be worked out, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of DEET's repellence in ticks.
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Deshayes C, Moreau E, Pitti-Caballero J, Froger JA, Apaire-Marchais V, Lapied B. Synergistic agent and intracellular calcium, a successful partnership in the optimization of insecticide efficacy. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 30:52-58. [PMID: 30553485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Vector Management worldwide are developed in agriculture and public health to counteract and limit the exponential increasing development of insect resistance to insecticides. However, facing the predominance of some resistant populations, new strategies are urgently needed to target resistant insects. An innovative approach lies in the optimization of commonly used insecticides when combined with chemical or biological synergistic agents. By an increase of intracellular calcium concentration followed by activation of calcium-dependant signalling pathways, the synergistic agents are able to indirectly increase target sites sensitivity to insecticide by inducing conformational change. The synergistic agents are of great interest in optimizing the efficacy of insecticides and in overcoming resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Deshayes
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Eléonore Moreau
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Javier Pitti-Caballero
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Apaire-Marchais
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA 2647, USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France.
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Legeay S, Clere N, Apaire-Marchais V, Faure S, Lapied B. Unusual modes of action of the repellent DEET in insects highlight some human side effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:92-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affonso RS, Lima JA, Lessa BM, Caetano JVO, Obara MT, Nóbrega AB, Nepovimova E, Musilek K, Kuca K, Slana GBCA, França TCC. Quantification through TLC-densitometric analysis, repellency and anticholinesterase activity of the homemade extract of Indian cloves. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 28913959 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The rise of the mosquitoes-transmitted diseases, like dengue, zika and chikungunya in Brazil in the last years has increased concerns on protection against mosquitoes bites. However, the prohibitive prices of the commercially available repellents for the majority of the Brazilian population has provoked a search for cheaper solutions, like the use of the homemade ethanolic extract of Indian clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) as repellent, which has been reported as quite efficient by the local press. In order to verify this, we performed here the quantification of the main components of this extract through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-densitometry and evaluated its efficiency as a repellent and its acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition capacity. Our results have proved HPTLC-densitometry as an efficient and appropriate method for this quantification and confirmed the repellency activity, as well as its capacity of AChE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael S Affonso
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Josélia A Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Lessa
- Biodiversity Chemistry Laboratory, Phytomedicine Agroecological Platform, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos T Obara
- University of Brasília, University of Brasilia, Nucleus of tropical medicine, Brazil
| | - Andréa B Nóbrega
- Biodiversity Chemistry Laboratory, Phytomedicine Agroecological Platform, Brazil
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- University Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- University Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,University Hospital, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- University Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Gláucia B C A Slana
- Biodiversity Chemistry Laboratory, Phytomedicine Agroecological Platform, Brazil.,National Institute of Intellectual Property, Brazil
| | - Tanos C C França
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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26
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Peila R, Scordino P, Shanko D, Caldera F, Trotta F, Ferri A. Synthesis and characterization of β-cyclodextrin nanosponges for N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide complexation and their application on polyester fabrics. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Corbel V, Fonseca DM, Weetman D, Pinto J, Achee NL, Chandre F, Coulibaly MB, Dusfour I, Grieco J, Juntarajumnong W, Lenhart A, Martins AJ, Moyes C, Ng LC, Raghavendra K, Vatandoost H, Vontas J, Muller P, Kasai S, Fouque F, Velayudhan R, Durot C, David JP. International workshop on insecticide resistance in vectors of arboviruses, December 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:278. [PMID: 28577363 PMCID: PMC5457540 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases transmitted by insect vectors such as mosquitoes occur in over 100 countries and affect almost half of the world’s population. Dengue is currently the most prevalent arboviral disease but chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever show increasing prevalence and severity. Vector control, mainly by the use of insecticides, play a key role in disease prevention but the use of the same chemicals for more than 40 years, together with the dissemination of mosquitoes by trade and environmental changes, resulted in the global spread of insecticide resistance. In this context, innovative tools and strategies for vector control, including the management of resistance, are urgently needed. This report summarizes the main outputs of the first international workshop on Insecticide resistance in vectors of arboviruses held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 5–8 December 2016. The primary aims of this workshop were to identify strategies for the development and implementation of standardized insecticide resistance management, also to allow comparisons across nations and across time, and to define research priorities for control of vectors of arboviruses. The workshop brought together 163 participants from 28 nationalities and was accessible, live, through the web (> 70,000 web-accesses over 3 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Corbel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC, UM1-CNRS 5290-IRD 224), B.P. 64501, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France.
| | - Dina M Fonseca
- Rutgers University (RU), Center for Vector Biology, 180 Jones Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - David Weetman
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Department of Vector Biology, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L35QA, UK
| | - João Pinto
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nicole L Achee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame (UND), Eck Institute for Global Health, 239 Galvin Life Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556, USA
| | - Fabrice Chandre
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC, UM1-CNRS 5290-IRD 224), B.P. 64501, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Mamadou B Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Point G, Bamako, B.P, 1805, Mali
| | - Isabelle Dusfour
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane (IPG), 23 avenue Pasteur B.P. 6010, 97306, Cedex, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - John Grieco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame (UND), Eck Institute for Global Health, 239 Galvin Life Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556, USA
| | - Waraporn Juntarajumnong
- Department of Entomology, Kasetsart University (KU), 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow, Bangkok, Chatuchak, 10900, Thailand
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Center for Global Health/Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria/Entomology Branch, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, MS G-49; Bldg. 23, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Ademir J Martins
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ CEP, Manguinhos, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Catherine Moyes
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Lee Ching Ng
- Environmental Health Institute (EHI), National Environment Agency (NEA), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #04-03/04 & #06-05/08, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kamaraju Raghavendra
- National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR), Department of Health Research, GoI Sector 8, Dwarka, Delhi, 110 077, India
| | - Hassan Vatandoost
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Pour Sina Street, P.O. Box: 14155-6446, Tehran, Iran
| | - John Vontas
- Institute Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Panepistimioupoli, Voutes, 70013, Heraklio, Crete, Greece.,Pesticide Science Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, Ieara Odoes 75, 118, Athens, Greece
| | - Pie Muller
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shinji Kasai
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjukuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Florence Fouque
- Vector Environment and Society Unit, The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases World Health Organization, 20, avenue Appia, CH-1211, 27, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Raman Velayudhan
- Vector Ecology and Management, Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (HTM/NTD), World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211, 27, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claire Durot
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC, UM1-CNRS 5290-IRD 224), B.P. 64501, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34394, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS Université Grenoble-Alpes, Domaine universitaire de Saint-Martin d'Hères, 2233 rue de la piscine, 38041, Cedex 9, Grenoble, France.
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28
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Clark JT, Ray A. Olfactory Mechanisms for Discovery of Odorants to Reduce Insect-Host Contact. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:919-930. [PMID: 27628342 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insects have developed highly sophisticated and sensitive olfactory systems to find animal or plant hosts for feeding. Some insects vector pathogens that cause diseases in hundreds of millions of people and destroy billions of dollars of food products every year. There is great interest, therefore, in understanding how the insect olfactory system can be manipulated to reduce their contact with hosts. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of insect olfactory detection mechanisms, which may serve as a foundation for designing insect control programs based on manipulation of their behaviors by using odorants. Because every insect species has a unique set of olfactory receptors and olfactory-mediated behaviors, we focus primarily on general principles of odor detection that potentially apply to most insects. While these mechanisms have emerged from studies on model systems for study of insect olfaction, such as Drosophila melanogaster, they provide a foundation for discovery of odorants to repel vector insects or reduce their host-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Clark
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Anandasankar Ray
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. .,Entomology Department, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. .,Center for Disease Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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29
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Xia RY, Li MQ, Wu YS, Qi YX, Ye GY, Huang J. A new family of insect muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 25:362-369. [PMID: 27003873 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Most currently used insecticides are neurotoxic chemicals that target a limited number of sites and insect cholinergic neurotransmission is the major target. A potential target for insecticide development is the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR), which is a metabotropic G-protein-coupled receptor. Insects have A- and B-type mAChRs and the five mammalian mAChRs are close to the A-type. We isolated a cDNA (CG12796) from the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. After heterologous expression in Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells, CG12796 could be activated by acetylcholine [EC50 (half maximal effective concentration), 73 nM] and the mAChR agonist oxotremorine M (EC50 , 48.2 nM) to increase intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Thus, the new mAChR is coupled to Gq/11 but not Gs and Gi/o . The classical mAChR antagonists atropine and scopolamine N-butylbromide at 100 μM completely blocked the acetylcholine-induced responses. The orthologues of CG12796 can also be found in the genomes of other insects, but not in the genomes of the honeybee or parasitoid wasps. Knockdown of CG12796 in the central nervous system had no effect on male courtship behaviours. We suggest that CG12796 represents the first recognized member of a novel mAChR class.
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Affiliation(s)
- R-Y Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - M-Q Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y-S Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y-X Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - G-Y Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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The insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) induces angiogenesis via allosteric modulation of the M3 muscarinic receptor in endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28546. [PMID: 27345502 PMCID: PMC4921870 DOI: 10.1038/srep28546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) has been reported to inhibit AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and to possess potential carcinogenic properties with excessive vascularization. In the present paper, we demonstrate that DEET specifically stimulates endothelial cells that promote angiogenesis which increases tumor growth. DEET activates cellular processes that lead to angiogenesis including proliferation, migration and adhesion. This is associated with an enhancement of NO production and VEGF expression in endothelial cells. M3 silencing or the use of a pharmacological M3 inhibitor abrogates all of these effects which reveals that DEET-induced angiogenesis is M3 sensitive. The experiments involving calcium signals in both endothelial and HEK cells overexpressing M3 receptors, as well as binding and docking studies demonstrate that DEET acts as an allosteric modulator of the M3 receptor. In addition, DEET inhibited AChE which increased acetylcholine bioavailability and binding to M3 receptors and also strengthened proangiogenic effects by an allosteric modulation.
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31
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Apaire-Marchais V, Ogliastro M, Chandre F, Pennetier C, Raymond V, Lapied B. Virus and calcium: an unexpected tandem to optimize insecticide efficacy. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:168-178. [PMID: 26743399 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effective control of insect pests is based on the rational use of the most efficient and safe insecticide treatments. To increase the effects of classical insecticides and to avoid the ability of certain pest insects to develop resistance, it is essential to propose novel strategies. Previous studies have shown that calcium-dependent phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is now considered as a new cellular mechanism for increasing the target sensitivity to insecticides. Because it is known that virus entry is correlated with intracellular calcium concentration rise, this report attempts to present the most important data relevant to the feasibility of combining an insect virus such as baculovirus or densovirus with an insecticide. In this case, the insect virus is not used as a bioinsecticide but acts as a synergistic agent able to trigger calcium rise and to activate calcium-dependent intracellular signalling pathways involved in the increase of the membrane receptors and/or ion channels sensitivity to insecticides. This virus-insecticide mixture represents a promising alternative to optimize the efficacy of insecticides against insect pests while reducing the doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Apaire-Marchais
- Laboratoire RCIM, UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Mylène Ogliastro
- DGIMI UMR 1333 INRA UM2, Place Eugène Bataillon, cc101, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Chandre
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224, CNRS 5290, UM), 911 Avenue Agropolis BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Pennetier
- UMR MIVEGEC (IRD 224, CNRS 5290, UM), 911 Avenue Agropolis BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Raymond
- Laboratoire RCIM, UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045, Angers, France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire RCIM, UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045, Angers, France
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