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Bhattarai G, Shrestha SK, Sim HJ, Lee JC, Kook SH. Effects of fine particulate matter on bone marrow-conserved hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:118-128. [PMID: 38200155 PMCID: PMC10834576 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The harmful effects of fine particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in size (PM2.5) on human health have received considerable attention. However, while the impact of PM2.5 on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems has been well studied, less is known about the effects on stem cells in the bone marrow (BM). With an emphasis on the invasive characteristics of PM2.5, this review examines the current knowledge of the health effects of PM2.5 exposure on BM-residing stem cells. Recent studies have shown that PM2.5 enters the circulation and then travels to distant organs, including the BM, to induce oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and epigenetic changes, resulting in the reduction of BM-residing stem cell survival and function. Understanding the broader health effects of air pollution thus requires an understanding of the invasive characteristics of PM2.5 and its direct influence on stem cells in the BM. As noted in this review, further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying processes by which PM2.5 disturbs the BM microenvironment and inhibits stem cell functionality. Strategies to prevent or ameliorate the negative effects of PM2.5 exposure on BM-residing stem cells and to maintain the regenerative capacity of those cells must also be investigated. By focusing on the complex relationship between PM2.5 and BM-resident stem cells, this review highlights the importance of specific measures directed at safeguarding human health in the face of rising air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Bhattarai
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Saroj Kumar Shrestha
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jaung Sim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Cui Y, Zhu Q, Hao H, Flaker GC, Liu Z. N-Acetylcysteine and Atherosclerosis: Promises and Challenges. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2073. [PMID: 38136193 PMCID: PMC10741030 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Although the mechanism for atherosclerosis is complex and has not been fully understood, inflammation and oxidative stress play a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used as a mucolytic agent and an antidote for acetaminophen overdose with a well-established safety profile. NAC has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms, including an increase in the intracellular glutathione level and an attenuation of the nuclear factor kappa-B mediated production of inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukins. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that NAC significantly decreases the development and progression of atherosclerosis. However, the data on the outcomes of clinical studies in patients with atherosclerosis have been limited and inconsistent. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data on the effect of NAC on atherosclerosis from both pre-clinical and clinical studies and discuss the potential mechanisms of action of NAC on atherosclerosis, as well as challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Cui
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Hong Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Gregory C. Flaker
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Shiwakoti S, Gong D, Sharma K, Kang KW, Schini-Kerth VB, Kim HJ, Ko JY, Oak MH. γ-Oryzanol ameliorates fine dust-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction via attenuating oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113981. [PMID: 37549806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Various cardiovascular diseases are associated with endothelial senescence, and a recent study showed that fine dust (FD)-induced premature endothelial senescence and dysfunction is associated with increased oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate protective effect of rice bran extract (RBE) and its major component of γ-Oryzanol (γ-Ory) against FD-induced premature endothelial senescence. Porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (PCAECs) were treated with FD alone or with RBE or γ-Ory. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, and oxidative stress levels were evaluated. The results indicated that SA-β-gal activity in the FD-treated PCAECs was attenuated by RBE and γ-Ory. Additionally, γ-Ory inhibited FD-induced cell cycle arrest, restored cell proliferation, and reduced the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. γ-Ory also inhibited oxidative stress and prevented senescence-associated NADPH oxidase and LAS activity in FD-exposed ECs suggesting that γ-Ory could protect against FD-induced ECs senescence and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugat Shiwakoti
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dalseong Gong
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea; Regenerative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 1260, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kushal Sharma
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Woon Kang
- Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Heart Reasearch Institute and Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Valérie B Schini-Kerth
- Regenerative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 1260, INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), University of Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Ko
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Lee SS, Vũ TT, Weiss AS, Yeo GC. Stress-induced senescence in mesenchymal stem cells: Triggers, hallmarks, and current rejuvenation approaches. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151331. [PMID: 37311287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising cell-based therapies in the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory conditions. However, despite accumulating evidence of the breadth of MSC functional potency, their broad clinical translation is hampered by inconsistencies in therapeutic efficacy, which is at least partly due to the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of MSC populations as they progress towards senescence in vitro. MSC senescence, a natural response to aging and stress, gives rise to altered cellular responses and functional decline. This review describes the key regenerative properties of MSCs; summarises the main triggers, mechanisms, and consequences of MSC senescence; and discusses current cellular and extracellular strategies to delay the onset or progression of senescence, or to rejuvenate biological functions lost to senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Shinchen Lee
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Thu Thuy Vũ
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Giselle C Yeo
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Wang Y, Jin X, Li M, Gao J, Zhao X, Ma J, Shi C, He B, Hu L, Shi J, Liu G, Qu G, Zheng Y, Jiang G. PM 2.5 Increases Systemic Inflammatory Cells and Associated Disease Risks by Inducing NRF2-Dependent Myeloid-Biased Hematopoiesis in Adult Male Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7924-7937. [PMID: 37184982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although PM2.5 (fine particles with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) exposure shows the potential to impact normal hematopoiesis, the detailed alterations in systemic hematopoiesis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. For hematopoiesis under steady-state or stress conditions, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is essential for regulating hematopoietic processes to maintain blood homeostasis. Herein, we characterized changes in the populations of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells and committed hematopoietic progenitors in the lungs and bone marrow (BM) of wild-type and Nrf2-/- C57BL/6J male mice. PM2.5-induced NRF2-dependent biased hematopoiesis toward myeloid lineage in the lungs and BM generates excessive numbers of various inflammatory immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. The increased population of these immune cells in the lungs, BM, and peripheral blood has been associated with observed pulmonary fibrosis and high disease risks in an NRF2-dependent manner. Therefore, although NRF2 is a protective factor against stressors, upon PM2.5 exposure, NRF2 is involved in stress myelopoiesis and enhanced PM2.5 toxicity in pulmonary injury, even leading to systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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6
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Zhu Q, Liu X, Wu H, Yang C, Wang M, Chen F, Cui Y, Hao H, Hill MA, Liu Z. CARD9 deficiency improves the recovery of limb ischemia in mice with ambient fine particulate matter exposure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1125717. [PMID: 36860276 PMCID: PMC9968734 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1125717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is a significant risk for cardiovascular diseases largely due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammation. Caspase recruitment domain (CARD)9 is critically involved in innate immunity and inflammation. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that CARD9 signaling is critically involved in PM exposure-induced oxidative stress and impaired recovery of limb ischemia. Methods and results Critical limb ischemia (CLI) was created in male wildtype C57BL/6 and age matched CARD9 deficient mice with or without PM (average diameter 2.8 μm) exposure. Mice received intranasal PM exposure for 1 month prior to creation of CLI and continued for the duration of the experiment. Blood flow and mechanical function were evaluated in vivo at baseline and days 3, 7, 14, and 21 post CLI. PM exposure significantly increased ROS production, macrophage infiltration, and CARD9 protein expression in ischemic limbs of C57BL/6 mice in association with decreased recovery of blood flow and mechanical function. CARD9 deficiency effectively prevented PM exposure-induced ROS production and macrophage infiltration and preserved the recovery of ischemic limb with increased capillary density. CARD9 deficiency also significantly attenuated PM exposure-induced increase of circulating CD11b+/F4/80+ macrophages. Conclusion The data indicate that CARD9 signaling plays an important role in PM exposure-induced ROS production and impaired limb recovery following ischemia in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chunlin Yang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Meifang Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Hong Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Michael A. Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States,*Correspondence: Zhenguo Liu ✉
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7
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Costa A, Pasquinelli G. Air Pollution Exposure Induces Vascular Injury and Hampers Endothelial Repair by Altering Progenitor and Stem Cells Functionality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:897831. [PMID: 35712669 PMCID: PMC9197257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.897831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence indicates an association of air pollution exposure with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Fine particulate matter (PM) represents one of the main components of urban pollution, but the mechanisms by which it exerts adverse effects on cardiovascular system remain partially unknown and under investigation. The alteration of endothelial functions and inflammation are among the earliest pathophysiological impacts of environmental exposure on the cardiovascular system and represent critical mediators of PM-induced injury. In this context, endothelial stem/progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular homeostasis, endothelial reparative capacity, and vasomotor functionality modulation. Several studies indicate the impairment of EPCs' vascular reparative capacity due to PM exposure. Since a central source of EPCs is bone marrow (BM), their number and function could be related to the population and functional status of stem cells (SCs) of this district. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms by which PM exposure hinders vascular repair by the alteration of progenitor and stem cells' functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Costa
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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8
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Xu Y, Bu H, Jiang Y, Zhuo X, Hu K, Si Z, Chen Y, Liu Q, Gong X, Sun H, Zhu Q, Cui L, Ma X, Cui Y. N‑acetyl cysteine prevents ambient fine particulate matter‑potentiated atherosclerosis via inhibition of reactive oxygen species‑induced oxidized low density lipoprotein elevation and decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cell. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:236. [PMID: 35621139 PMCID: PMC9185698 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) serves an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis. Antioxidant N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC) has protective effects in the cardiovascular system. However, it is unknown if NAC prevents PM‑potentiated atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemia. Low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout mice were pretreated with 1 mg/ml NAC in drinking water for 1 week and continued to receive NAC, high‑fat diet and intranasal instillation of PM for 1 week or 6 months. Blood plasma was collected for lipid profile, oxidized (ox‑)LDL, blood reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokine (TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6) measurement. Blood cells were harvested for endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) population and intracellular ROS analysis. Murine aorta was isolated for atherosclerotic plaque ratio calculation. NAC treatment maintained circulating EPC level and significantly decreased blood ox‑LDL and ROS, inflammatory cytokines, mononuclear and EPC intracellular ROS levels as well as aortic plaque ratio. NAC prevented PM‑potentiated atherosclerosis by inhibiting plasma ROS‑induced ox‑LDL elevation, mononuclear cell and EPC intracellular ROS‑induced circulating EPC reduction and inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Bu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yufan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Emergency, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Si
- Department of Emergency, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xianwei Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Haihui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lianqun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Zhao J, Gomes D, Jin L, Mathis SP, Li X, Rouchka EC, Bodduluri H, Conklin DJ, O'Toole TE. Polystyrene bead ingestion promotes adiposity and cardiometabolic disease in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113239. [PMID: 35093814 PMCID: PMC8860873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Vast amounts of plastic materials are produced in the modern world and despite recycling efforts, large amounts are disposed in water systems and landfills. Under these storage conditions, physical weathering and photochemical processes break down these materials into smaller particles of the micro- and nano-scale. In addition, ecosystems can be contaminated with plastic particles which are manufactured in these size ranges for commercial purposes. Independent of source, microplastics are abundant in the environment and have found their way into water supplies and the food cycle where human exposure is inevitable. Nevertheless, the health consequences of microplastic ingestion, inhalation, or absorption are largely unknown. In this study we sought to determine if ingestion of microplastics promoted pre-clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). To do this, we supplied mice with normal drinking water or that supplemented with polystyrene beads of two different sizes (0.5 µm and 5 µm) and two different doses (0.1 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml) each for 12 weeks and measured several indices of metabolism and glucose homeostasis. As early as 3 weeks of consumption, we observed an accelerated weight gain with a corresponding increase in body fat for some exposure groups versus the control mice. Some exposure groups demonstrated increased levels of fasting plasma glucose. Those mice consuming the smaller sized beads (0.5 µm) at the higher dose (1 μg/ml), had increased levels of fasting plasma insulin and higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores as well. This was accompanied by changes in the gut microbiome consistent with an obese phenotype. Using samples of perivascular adipose tissue collected from the same group, we observed changes in gene expression consistent with increased adipogenesis. These results suggest that ingestion of polystyrene beads promotes a cardiometabolic disease phenotype and thus may be an unrecognized risk factor for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Daniel Gomes
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lexiao Jin
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Steven P Mathis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center and Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haribabu Bodduluri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center and Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Timothy E O'Toole
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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10
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Li X, Haberzettl P, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A, Rouchka EC, Zhang M, O’Toole TE. Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Alters mRNA and miRNA Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Mice. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1058. [PMID: 34356074 PMCID: PMC8307414 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is associated with quantitative deficits of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in humans. Related exposures of mice to concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP) likewise reduces levels of circulating EPCs and induces defects in their proliferation and angiogenic potential as well. These changes in EPC number or function are predictive of larger cardiovascular dysfunction. To identify global, PM2.5-dependent mRNA and miRNA expression changes that may contribute to these defects, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of cells isolated from exposed mice. Compared with control samples, we identified 122 upregulated genes and 44 downregulated genes in EPCs derived from CAP-exposed animals. Functions most impacted by these gene expression changes included regulation of cell movement, cell and tissue development, and cellular assembly and organization. With respect to miRNA changes, we found that 55 were upregulated while 53 were downregulated in EPCs from CAP-exposed mice. The top functions impacted by these miRNA changes included cell movement, cell death and survival, cellular development, and cell growth and proliferation. A subset of these mRNA and miRNA changes were confirmed by qRT-PCR, including some reciprocal relationships. These results suggest that PM2.5-induced changes in gene expression may contribute to EPC dysfunction and that such changes may contribute to the adverse cardiovascular outcomes of air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (P.H.); (D.J.C.); (A.B.)
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel J. Conklin
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (P.H.); (D.J.C.); (A.B.)
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (P.H.); (D.J.C.); (A.B.)
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Eric C. Rouchka
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Genomics Facility, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Timothy E. O’Toole
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (P.H.); (D.J.C.); (A.B.)
- Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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11
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Huang D, Siaw-Debrah F, Wang H, Ye S, Wang K, Wu K, Zhang Y, Wang H, Yao C, Chen J, Yan L, Zhang CL, Zhuge Q, Yang J. Transplanting Rac1-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote neurological function recovery in TBI mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2822-2850. [PMID: 33411679 PMCID: PMC7880331 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs)-based therapy has emerged as a promising novel therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). However, the therapeutic quantity of viable implanted BMMSCs necessary to initiate efficacy is still undetermined. Increased oxidative stress following TBI, which leads to the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase signaling pathway, has been implicated in accounting for the diminished graft survival and therapeutic effect. To prove this assertion, we silenced the expression of NADPH subunits (p22-phox, p47-phox, and p67-phox) and small GTPase Rac1 in BMMSCs using shRNA. Our results showed that silencing these proteins significantly reduced oxidative stress and cell death/apoptosis, and promoted implanted BMMSCs proliferation after TBI. The most significant result was however seen with Rac1 silencing, which demonstrated decreased expression of apoptotic proteins, enhanced in vitro survival ratio, reduction in TBI lesional volume and significant improvement in neurological function post shRac1-BMMSCs transplantation. Additionally, two RNA-seq hub genes (VEGFA and MMP-2) were identified to play critical roles in shRac1-mediated cell survival. In summary, we propose that knockdown of Rac1 gene could significantly boost cell survival and promote the recovery of neurological functions after BMMSCs transplantation in TBI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Felix Siaw-Debrah
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kankai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chaojie Yao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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12
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Mitra S, Das R. Health risk assessment of construction workers from trace metals in PM 2.5 from Kolkata, India. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:125-140. [PMID: 33337288 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1860877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Construction activities have long been recognized as a pertinent source of PM2.5 though limited information exists regarding chemical characteristics of aerosols generated during building demolition/construction. A comprehensive investigation was carried out to assess the physical (SEM analysis) and chemical (ICP MS analysis) properties of PM2.5 in a building demolition and construction site and compared with background. Average concentrations of PM2.5 at both the sites exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Overall trend of the total metal concentrations of PM2.5 followed the order of (Na, Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, Zn) > (Ti, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) in both the sites. Sr, Ba, Mg, Zn, Ti, Cd, Al, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, V, Ni, Ca, and Zn showed a ∼1.3-3.0 fold increase, and Pb showed the highest increase of almost >3.5 times when compared to the background concentrations. Health risk estimates based on the bio-available concentration of metals indicated that hazard quotient (HQ) values for non-carcinogenic metals were within the prescribed limit (HQ ≤ 1). However, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the carcinogenic metals Pb, Ni, Cd, and Cr(VI) were higher than the guideline limits of USEPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumick Mitra
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Shiwakoti S, Adhikari D, Lee JP, Kang KW, Lee IS, Kim HJ, Oak MH. Prevention of Fine Dust-Induced Vascular Senescence by Humulus lupulus Extract and Its Major Bioactive Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1243. [PMID: 33297587 PMCID: PMC7762380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both short- and long-term exposure to fine dust (FD) from air pollution has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial cell (EC) senescence is an important risk factor for CVDs, and recent evidence suggests that FD-induced premature EC senescence increases oxidative stress levels. Hop plant (Humulus lupulus) is a very rich source of polyphenols known to have nutritional and therapeutic properties, including antioxidant behavior. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether Humulus lupulus extract prevents FD-induced vascular senescence and dysfunction and, if so, to characterize the underlying mechanisms and active components. Porcine coronary arteries and endothelial cells were treated with FD in the presence or absence of hop extract (HOP), and the senescence-associated-beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell-cycle progression, expression of senescence markers, oxidative stress level, and vascular function were evaluated. Results indicated that HOP inhibited FD-induced SA-β-gal activity, cell-cycle arrest, and oxidative stress, suggesting that HOP prevents premature induction of senescence by FD. HOP also ameliorated FD-induced vascular dysfunction. Additionally, xanthohumol (XN) and isoxanthohumol (IX) were found to produce the protective effects of HOP. Treatment with HOP and its primary active components XN and IX downregulated the expression of p22phox, p53, and angiotensin type 1 receptor, which all are known FD-induced redox-sensitive EC senescence inducers. Taken together, HOP and its active components protect against FD-induced endothelial senescence most likely via antioxidant activity and may be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and/or treating air-pollution-associated CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugat Shiwakoti
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Jeong Pyo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Ki-Woon Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Ik-Soo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Min-Ho Oak
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Muan-gun 58554, Korea; (S.S.); (D.A.); (J.P.L.)
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14
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O’Toole TE, Li X, Riggs DW, Hoetker DJ, Yeager R, Lorkiewicz P, Baba SP, Cooper NG, Bhatnagar A. Urinary levels of the acrolein conjugates of carnosine are associated with inhaled toxicants. Inhal Toxicol 2020; 32:468-476. [PMID: 33179563 PMCID: PMC7875462 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1845257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The inhalation of air-borne toxicants is associated with adverse health outcomes which can be somewhat mitigated by enhancing endogenous anti-oxidant capacity. Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide (β-alanine-L-histidine), present in high abundance in skeletal and cardiac muscle. This multi-functional dipeptide has anti-oxidant properties, can buffer intracellular pH, chelate metals, and sequester aldehydes such as acrolein. Due to these chemical properties, carnosine may be protective against inhaled pollutants which can contain metals and aldehydes and can stimulate the generation of electrophiles in exposed tissues. Thus, assessment of carnosine levels, or levels of its acrolein conjugates (carnosine-propanal and carnosine-propanol) may inform on level of exposure and risk assessment. METHODS We used established mass spectroscopy methods to measure levels of urinary carnosine (n = 605) and its conjugates with acrolein (n = 561) in a subset of participants in the Louisville Healthy Heart Study (mean age = 51 ± 10; 52% male). We then determined associations between these measures and air pollution exposure and smoking behavior using statistical modeling approaches. RESULTS We found that higher levels of non-conjugated carnosine, carnosine-propanal, and carnosine-propanol were significantly associated with males (p < 0.02) and those of Caucasian ethnicity (p < 0.02). Levels of carnosine-propanol were significantly higher in never-smokers (p = 0.001) but lower in current smokers (p = 0.037). This conjugate also demonstrated a negative association with mean-daily particulate air pollution (PM2.5) levels (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that urinary levels of carnosine-propanol may inform as to risk from inhaled pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. O’Toole
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Daniel W. Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - David J. Hoetker
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Ray Yeager
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Pawel Lorkiewicz
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Shahid P. Baba
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Nigel G.F. Cooper
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
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15
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N-acetylcysteine differentially regulates the populations of bone marrow and circulating endothelial progenitor cells in mice with limb ischemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 881:173233. [PMID: 32492379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are important to tissue repair and regeneration especially after ischemic injury, and very heterogeneous in phenotypes and biological features. Reactive oxygen species are involved in regulating EPC number and function. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits ischemia-induced reactive oxygen species formation and promotes ischemic limb recovery. This study was to evaluate the effect of NAC on EPC subpopulations in bone marrow (BM) and blood in mice with limb ischemia. Limb ischemia was induced by femoral artery ligation in male C57BL/6 mice with or without NAC treatment. EPC subpopulations, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, cell proliferation and apoptosis in BM and blood cells were analyzed at baseline, day 3 (acute ischemia) and 21 (chronic) after ligation. c-Kit+/CD31+, Sca-1+/Flk-1+, CD34+/CD133+, and CD34+/Flk-1+ were used to define EPC subpopulations. Limb blood flow, function, muscle structure, and capillary density were evaluated with laser Doppler perfusion imaging, treadmill test, and immunohistochemistry, respectively, at day 3, 7, 14 and 21 post ischemia. Reactive oxygen species production in circulating and BM mononuclear cells and EPCs populations were significantly increased in BM and blood in mice with acute and chronic ischemia. NAC treatment effectively blocked ischemia-induced reactive oxygen species production in circulating and BM mononuclear cells, and selectively increased EPC population in circulation, not BM, with preserved proliferation in mice with chronic ischemia, and enhanced limb blood flow and function recovery, while preventing acute ischemia-induced increase in BM and circulating EPCs. These data demonstrated that NAC selectively enhanced circulating EPC population in mice with chronic limb ischemia.
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16
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Xiao Y, Zhu Q, Liu X, Jiang M, Hao H, Zhu H, Cowan PJ, He X, Liu Q, Zhou S, Liu Z. High-fat diet selectively decreases bone marrow lin - /CD117 + cell population in aging mice through increased ROS production. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:884-892. [PMID: 32337800 DOI: 10.1002/term.3047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) stem cells (BMSCs) are an important source for cell therapy. The outcome of cell therapy could be ultimately associated with the number and function of donor BMSCs. The present study was to evaluate the effect of long-term high-fat diet (HFD) on the population of BMSCs and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aging mice. Forty-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed with HFD for 3 months with regular diet as control. Experiments were repeated when ROS production was reduced in mice treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or using mice overexpressing antioxidant enzyme network (AON) of superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD3, and glutathione peroxidase. BM and blood cells were analyzed with flowcytometry for lineage negative (lin- ) and Sca-1+ , or lin- /CD117+ , or lin- /CD133+ cells. Lin- /CD117+ cell population was significantly decreased with increased intracellular ROS and apoptosis and decreased proliferation in BM, not in blood, in HFD-treated mice without change for Sca-1+ or CD133+ cell populations in BM or blood. NAC treatment or AON overexpression effectively prevented HFD-induced intracellular ROS production and reduction of BM lin- /CD117+ population. These data suggested that long-term HFD selectively decreased BM lin- /CD117+ cell population in aging mice through increased ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Meng Jiang
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hong Hao
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Peter J Cowan
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Immunology Research Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shenghua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
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17
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Yan J, Jin L, Lin D, Lai CH, Xu Z, Wang R, Chen YC, Hu B, Lin CH. PM 2.5 collecting in a tire manufacturing plant affects epithelial differentiation of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells by Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125441. [PMID: 31812768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into pulmonary epithelial cells by Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promote lung repair. However, whether fine particulate matter (PM2.5) could affect Wnt pathway and finally reduce the ability of MSCs to differentiate into epithelial cells is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether PM2.5 could inhibit the epithelial differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs cells (hUCMSCs) and the related underlying mechanism. hUCMSCs were incubated with different concentrations of PM2.5. Then, the cell viability, reactive oxygen species level, and single-cell sphere formation were assessed. The underlying mechanism of PM2.5 in epithelial differentiation of hUCMSCs was further evaluated by co-culturing hUCMSCs with A549 cells. Our results demonstrated that PM2.5 exposures could affect the expressions of β-catenin and lung epithelial markers (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1); cytokeratins 5 and 19) in the co-cultured hUCMSCs. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in regulating the epithelial differentiation of MSCs. As expected, co-treatment with Wnt3a, which is the activator of the Wnt pathway, attenuated the downregulation of lung epithelial markers (ZO-1; cytokeratins 5 and 19) and paracrine factors (keratinocyte growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor) caused by PM2.5. Altogether, these results demonstrated that PM2.5 could affect the epithelial differentiation of hUCMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Yan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Derong Lin
- Shaoxing Second Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chia-Hsiang Lai
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhongjuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Renjun Wang
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu City, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan.
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18
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Nanda KP, Kumari C, Dubey M, Firdaus H. Chronic lead (Pb) exposure results in diminished hemocyte count and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124349. [PMID: 31326753 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal Pb is a common toxic pollutant present in our environment adversely affecting health of the living organisms. Recent studies suggest positive correlation between heavy metal exposure and immune dysfunction and present work utilizes Drosophila to address this issue in relation to Pb exposure. In-vivo Pb toxicity was established by dietary intake where essential parameters like development and life span were found to be hampered and augmented upon metallothionein B (mtnB) downregulation hinting towards potential role of mtnB in Pb detoxification. Further response of Drosophila to B. subtilis bacterial infection was monitored by carrying out oral infections. Pb fed flies showed increased susceptibility to infection as compared to their controls. Since Drosophila hemocytes play dual role as immune cells, we checked for the total hemocyte count and found significant decrease in hemocyte numbers in Pb fed larvae. Both crystal cells and plasmatocytes, the two major hemocytes in third instar larval hemolymph were reduced. However we did not find any visible morphological changes in Giemsa stained hemocytes. Crystal cells are crucial for synthesis and release of phenoloxidase (PO), an enzyme required for melanin clot synthesis and deposition. PO activity assessed from total hemolymph protein isolates was found to be substantially decreased in Pb raised animals. Results were also confirmed by spot test and native gel activity assay of PO. Overall our results suggest immunotoxic effect of Pb through decrease in hemocyte count including crystal cell which in turn leads to decreased PO activity and increased susceptibility to B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Pragati Nanda
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Chandani Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Madhavi Dubey
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Hena Firdaus
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India.
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Worley JR, Parker GC. Effects of environmental stressors on stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:565-577. [PMID: 31616535 PMCID: PMC6789190 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i9.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicants are ubiquitous, and many are known to cause harmful health effects. However, much of what we know or think we know concerning the targets and long-term effects of exposure to environmental stressors is sadly lacking. Toxicant exposure may have health effects that are currently mischaracterized or at least mechanistically incompletely understood. While much of the recent excitement about stem cells (SCs) focuses on their potential as therapeutic agents, they also offer a valuable resource to give us insight into the mechanisms and risks of toxicant effects. Not only as a response to the increasing ethical pressure to reduce animal testing, SC studies allow us valuable insight into the true effects of human exposure to environmental stressors under controlled conditions. We present a review of the history of publications on the effects of environmental stressors on SCs, followed by a consolidation of the literature over the past five years on a subset of key environmental stressors of importance to human health and their effects on both embryonic and tissue SCs. The review will make constructive suggestions as to areas of toxicant research where further studies are needed, as well as making indications of the potential utility for advancing knowledge and directing research on environmental toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Worley
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Graham C Parker
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
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20
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Abplanalp W, Haberzettl P, Bhatnagar A, Conklin DJ, O'Toole TE. Carnosine Supplementation Mitigates the Deleterious Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013041. [PMID: 31234700 PMCID: PMC6662354 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter ( PM 2.5) induces quantitative and qualitative defects in bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells of mice, and similar outcomes in humans may contribute to vascular dysfunction and the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with PM 2.5 exposure. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying the pervasive effects of PM 2.5 are unclear and effective interventional strategies to mitigate against PM 2.5 toxicity are lacking. Furthermore, whether PM 2.5 exposure affects other types of bone marrow stem cells leading to additional hematological or immunological dysfunction is not clear. Methods and Results Mice given normal drinking water or that supplemented with carnosine, a naturally occurring, nucleophilic di-peptide that binds reactive aldehydes, were exposed to filtered air or concentrated ambient particles. Mice drinking normal water and exposed to concentrated ambient particles demonstrated a depletion of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells but no change in mesenchymal stem cells. However, HSC depletion was significantly attenuated when the mice were placed on drinking water containing carnosine. Carnosine supplementation also increased the levels of carnosine-propanal conjugates in the urine of CAPs-exposed mice and prevented the concentrated ambient particles-induced dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells as assessed by in vitro and in vivo assays. Conclusions These results suggest that exposure to PM 2.5 has pervasive effects on different bone marrow stem cell populations and that PM 2.5-induced hematopoietic stem cells depletion, endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction, and defects in vascular repair can be mitigated by excess carnosine. Carnosine supplementation may be a viable approach for preventing PM 2.5-induced immune dysfunction and cardiovascular injury in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Abplanalp
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Daniel J. Conklin
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Timothy E. O'Toole
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
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21
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Cui Y. Meet Our Editorial Board Member. Curr Hypertens Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/157340211501190129143744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Cui
- University of Missouri Columbia, MO, United States
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22
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Chen Y, Hu K, Bu H, Si Z, Sun H, Chen L, Liu H, Xie H, Zhao P, Yang L, Sun Q, Liu Z, Cui L, Cui Y. Probucol protects circulating endothelial progenitor cells from ambient PM 2.5 damage via inhibition of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokine production in vivo. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4322-4328. [PMID: 30542381 PMCID: PMC6257429 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to angiogenesis and vascular repair. The number and function of EPCs are significantly decreased following exposure to ambient fine particulate matter of ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammatory cytokine secretion. The anti-oxidant drug probucol reduces ROS and inflammatory cytokine production. The present study was designed to determine the protective effects of probucol on EPCs from PM2.5-associated impairment in vivo and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ambient air containing PM2.5 for one month with or without probucol treatment. Mice that breathed filtered air were used as a control group. Serum and blood cells were collected for analysis. The results indicated that PM2.5 exposure induced increases in blood intracellular ROS, serum inflammatory cytokine levels and the blood cell apoptotic rate, while it decreased the number and proliferation rate of circulating EPCs in the mice with PM2.5 exposure. These effects were significantly reduced/abrogated by probucol treatment. The present in vivo study suggested that probucol protects EPCs from damage through PM2.5 exposure by inhibiting ROS generation and inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Emergency, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Bu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Si
- Department of Neurology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Haihui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Liming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Lianqun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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23
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Hu C, Zhao L, Peng C, Li L. Regulation of the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: Strategies to control mesenchymal stem cell fates ex vivo and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5196-5207. [PMID: 30160351 PMCID: PMC6201215 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are broadly used in cell‐based regenerative medicine because of their self‐renewal and multilineage potencies in vitro and in vivo. To ensure sufficient amounts of MSCs for therapeutic purposes, cells are generally cultured in vitro for long‐term expansion or specific terminal differentiation until cell transplantation. Although physiologically up‐regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is essential for maintenance of stem cell activities, abnormally high levels of ROS can harm MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, additional elucidation of the mechanisms by which physiological and pathological ROS are generated is necessary to better direct MSC fates and improve their therapeutic effects by controlling external ROS levels. In this review, we focus on the currently revealed ROS generation mechanisms and the regulatory routes for controlling their rates of proliferation, survival, senescence, apoptosis, and differentiation. A promising strategy in future regenerative medicine involves regulating ROS generation via various means to augment the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, thus improving the prognosis of patients with terminal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingfei Zhao
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Conggao Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Pardo M, Kuperman Y, Levin L, Rudich A, Haim Y, Schauer JJ, Chen A, Rudich Y. Exposure to air pollution interacts with obesogenic nutrition to induce tissue-specific response patterns. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:532-543. [PMID: 29684880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and exposure to particular matter (PM) have become two leading global threats to public health. However, the exact mechanisms and tissue-specificity of their health effects are largely unknown. Here we investigate whether a metabolic challenge (early nutritional obesity) synergistically interacts with an environmental challenge (PM exposure) to alter genes representing key response pathways, in a tissue-specific manner. Mice subjected to 7 weeks obesogenic nutrition were exposed every other day during the final week and a half to aqueous extracts of PM collected in the city of London (UK). The expression of 61 selected genes representing key response pathways were investigated in lung, liver, white and brown adipose tissues. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct patterns of expression changes between the 4 tissues, particularly in the lungs and the liver. Surprisingly, the lung responded to the nutrition challenge. The response of these organs to the PM challenge displayed opposite patterns for some key genes, in particular, those related to the Nrf2 pathway. While the contribution to the variance in gene expression changes in mice exposed to the combined challenge were largely similar among the tissues in PCA1, PCA2 exhibited predominant contribution of inflammatory and oxidative stress responses to the variance in the lungs, and a greater contribution of autophagy genes and MAP kinases in adipose tissues. Possible involvement of alterations in DNA methylation was demonstrated by cell-type-specific responses to a methylation inhibitor. Correspondingly, the DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a2 increased in the lungs but decreased in the liver, demonstrating potential tissue-differential synergism between nutritional and PM exposure. The results suggest that urban PM, containing dissolved metals, interacts with obesogenic nutrition to regulate diverse response pathways including inflammation and oxidative stress, in a tissue-specific manner. Tissue-differential effects on DNA methylation may underlie tissue-specific responses to key stress-response genes such as catalase and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pardo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Liron Levin
- Department of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84103, Israel
| | - Assaf Rudich
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel; The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel
| | - Yulia Haim
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel; The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel; Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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25
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Jan R, Roy R, Yadav S, Satsangi PG. Chemical fractionation and health risk assessment of particulate matter-bound metals in Pune, India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:255-270. [PMID: 27889850 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with the assessment of sequential extraction of particulate matter (PM)-bound metals and the potential health risks associated with them in a growing metropolitan city (Pune) of India. The average mass concentration of both PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Significant seasonal variation in mass concentration was found for both size fractions of PM with higher values in winter season and lower in monsoon. Chemical species of the studied trace metals in PM exhibited significant differences, due to difference in sources of pollution. Metals such as Cd, Pb, and Cr in both size fractions and Zn and Co in fine fraction were more efficiently extracted in mobile fractions showing their mobile nature while Ni and Fe showed reduced mobility. Fe showed the highest concentrations among all the analyzed elements in both coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine (PM2.5) PM, while Cd showed least concentration in both size fractions. PCA identified industrial emissions, vehicular activity, coal combustion, diesel exhaust, waste incineration, electronic waste processing, constructional activities, soil, and road dust as probable contributors responsible for the metallic fraction of PM. All the metals showed varying contamination in PM samples. The contamination was higher for fine particles than coarse ones. The average global contamination factor was found to be 27.0-34.3 in coarse and fine PM, respectively. The hazard quotient (HQ) estimated for Cd, Co, and Ni (both total and easily accessible concentrations) exceeded the safe level (HQ = 1), indicating that these metals would result in non-carcinogenic health effects to the exposed population. The HQ ranged from 9.1 × 10-5 for Cu (coarse) to 8.3 for Ni (fine) PM. The cancer risk for Cd, Ni, and Cr in both sized PM were much higher than the acceptable limits of USEPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohi Jan
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Ritwika Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Suman Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411 007, India
| | - P Gursumeeran Satsangi
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune, 411 007, India.
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26
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Kelly FJ, Fussell JC. Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease outcomes following exposure to ambient air pollution. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:345-367. [PMID: 28669628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. These are manifested through several, likely overlapping, pathways including at the functional level, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, pro-coagulation and alterations in autonomic nervous system balance and blood pressure. At numerous points within each of these pathways, there is potential for cellular oxidative imbalances to occur. The current review examines epidemiological, occupational and controlled exposure studies and research employing healthy and diseased animal models, isolated organs and cell cultures in assessing the importance of the pro-oxidant potential of air pollution in the development of cardiovascular disease outcomes. The collective body of data provides evidence that oxidative stress (OS) is not only central to eliciting specific cardiac endpoints, but is also implicated in modulating the risk of succumbing to cardiovascular disease, sensitivity to ischemia/reperfusion injury and the onset and progression of metabolic disease following ambient pollution exposure. To add to this large research effort conducted to date, further work is required to provide greater insight into areas such as (a) whether an oxidative imbalance triggers and/or worsens the effect and/or is representative of the consequence of disease progression, (b) OS pathways and cardiac outcomes caused by individual pollutants within air pollution mixtures, or as a consequence of inter-pollutant interactions and (c) potential protection provided by nutritional supplements and/or pharmacological agents with antioxidant properties, in susceptible populations residing in polluted urban cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Kelly
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, Facility of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Julia C Fussell
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, Facility of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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27
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Canella R, Martini M, Borriello R, Cavicchio C, Muresan XM, Benedusi M, Cervellati F, Valacchi G. Modulation of Chloride Currents in Human Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to Exogenous Oxidative Stress. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1817-1825. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Canella
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Marta Martini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Roberta Borriello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Carlotta Cavicchio
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Ximena M. Muresan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
- Department of Animal Science; North Carolina State University; PHHI NC Research Campus; Kannapolis North Carolina
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28
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Cui Y, Sun Q, Liu Z. Ambient particulate matter exposure and cardiovascular diseases: a focus on progenitor and stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:782-93. [PMID: 26988063 PMCID: PMC4831366 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a major challenge to public health. Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) is the key component for air pollution, and associated with significant mortality. The majority of the mortality following PM exposure is related to cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms for the adverse effects of PM exposure on cardiovascular system remain largely unknown and under active investigation. Endothelial dysfunction or injury is considered one of the major factors that contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a critical role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of vasculature. Particulate matter exposure significantly suppressed the number and function of EPCs in animals and humans. However, the mechanisms for the detrimental effects of PM on EPCs remain to be fully defined. One of the important mechanisms might be related to increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. Bone marrow (BM) is a major source of EPCs. Thus, the number and function of EPCs could be intimately associated with the population and functional status of stem cells (SCs) in the BM. Bone marrow stem cells and other SCs have the potential for cardiovascular regeneration and repair. The present review is focused on summarizing the detrimental effects of PM exposure on EPCs and SCs, and potential mechanisms including ROS formation as well as clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Cui
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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