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Amokrane L, Pokotylo I, Acket S, Ducloy A, Troncoso-Ponce A, Cacas JL, Ruelland E. Phospholipid Signaling in Crop Plants: A Field to Explore. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1532. [PMID: 38891340 PMCID: PMC11174929 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In plant models such as Arabidopsis thaliana, phosphatidic acid (PA), a key molecule of lipid signaling, was shown not only to be involved in stress responses, but also in plant development and nutrition. In this article, we highlight lipid signaling existing in crop species. Based on open access databases, we update the list of sequences encoding phospholipases D, phosphoinositide-dependent phospholipases C, and diacylglycerol-kinases, enzymes that lead to the production of PA. We show that structural features of these enzymes from model plants are conserved in equivalent proteins from selected crop species. We then present an in-depth discussion of the structural characteristics of these proteins before focusing on PA binding proteins. For the purpose of this article, we consider RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGUEs (RBOHs), the most documented PA target proteins. Finally, we present pioneering experiments that show, by different approaches such as monitoring of gene expression, use of pharmacological agents, ectopic over-expression of genes, and the creation of silenced mutants, that lipid signaling plays major roles in crop species. Finally, we present major open questions that require attention since we have only a perception of the peak of the iceberg when it comes to the exciting field of phospholipid signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Amokrane
- Unité Génie Enzymatique & Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, 60200 Compiègne, France; (L.A.); (I.P.); (S.A.); (A.T.-P.)
| | - Igor Pokotylo
- Unité Génie Enzymatique & Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, 60200 Compiègne, France; (L.A.); (I.P.); (S.A.); (A.T.-P.)
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), University Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France (J.-L.C.)
| | - Sébastien Acket
- Unité Génie Enzymatique & Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, 60200 Compiègne, France; (L.A.); (I.P.); (S.A.); (A.T.-P.)
| | - Amélie Ducloy
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), University Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France (J.-L.C.)
| | - Adrian Troncoso-Ponce
- Unité Génie Enzymatique & Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, 60200 Compiègne, France; (L.A.); (I.P.); (S.A.); (A.T.-P.)
| | - Jean-Luc Cacas
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), University Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France (J.-L.C.)
| | - Eric Ruelland
- Unité Génie Enzymatique & Cellulaire, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7025, 60200 Compiègne, France; (L.A.); (I.P.); (S.A.); (A.T.-P.)
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Annum N, Ahmed M, Imtiaz K, Mansoor S, Tester M, Saeed NA. 32P i Labeled Transgenic Wheat Shows the Accumulation of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and Phosphatidic Acid Under Heat and Osmotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:881188. [PMID: 35774812 PMCID: PMC9237509 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ensuing heat stress drastically affects wheat plant growth and development, consequently compromising its grain yield. There are many thermoregulatory processes/mechanisms mediated by ion channels, lipids, and lipid-modifying enzymes that occur in the plasma membrane and the chloroplast. With the onset of abiotic or biotic stresses, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), as a signaling enzyme, hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to generate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) which is further phosphorylated into phosphatidic acid (PA) as a secondary messenger and is involved in multiple processes. In the current study, a phospholipase C (PLC) signaling pathway was investigated in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and evaluated its four AtPLC5 overexpressed (OE)/transgenic lines under heat and osmotic stresses through 32Pi radioactive labeling. Naturally, the wheat harbors only a small amount of PIP2. However, with the sudden increase in temperature (40°C), PIP2 levels start to rise within 7.5 min in a time-dependent manner in wild-type (Wt) wheat. While the Phosphatidic acid (PA) level also elevated up to 1.6-fold upon exposing wild-type wheat to heat stress (40°C). However, at the anthesis stage, a significant increase of ∼4.5-folds in PIP2 level was observed within 30 min at 40°C in AtPLC5 over-expressed wheat lines. Significant differences in PIP2 level were observed in Wt and AtPLC5-OE lines when treated with 1200 mM sorbitol solution. It is assumed that the phenomenon might be a result of the activation of PLC/DGK pathways. Together, these results indicate that heat stress and osmotic stress activate several lipid responses in wild-type and transgenic wheat and can explain heat and osmotic stress tolerance in the wheat plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazish Annum
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moddassir Ahmed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Imtiaz
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mark Tester
- Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A. Saeed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Oluwole OO, Aworunse OS, Aina AI, Oyesola OL, Popoola JO, Oyatomi OA, Abberton MT, Obembe OO. A review of biotechnological approaches towards crop improvement in African yam bean ( Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. Ex A. Rich.). Heliyon 2021; 7:e08481. [PMID: 34901510 PMCID: PMC8642607 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, climate change is a major factor that contributes significantly to food and nutrition insecurity, limiting crop yield and availability. Although efforts are being made to curb food insecurity, millions of people still suffer from malnutrition. For the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal of Food Security to be achieved, diverse cropping systems must be developed instead of relying mainly on a few staple crops. Many orphan legumes have untapped potential that can be of significance for developing improved cultivars with enhanced tolerance to changing climatic conditions. One typical example of such an orphan crop is Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. Ex A. Rich. Harms, popularly known as African yam bean (AYB). The crop is an underutilised tropical legume that is climate-resilient and has excellent potential for smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies on AYB have featured morphological characterisation, assessment of genetic diversity using various molecular markers, and the development of tissue culture protocols for rapidly multiplying propagules. However, these have not translated into varietal development, and low yields remain a challenge. The application of suitable biotechnologies to improve AYB is imperative for increased yield, sustainable utilisation and conservation. This review discusses biotechnological strategies with prospective applications for AYB improvement. The potential risks of these strategies are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubusayo O. Oluwole
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
- Genetic Resources Centre, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwadurotimi S. Aworunse
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
- UNESCO Chair on Plant Biotechnology, Plant Science Research Cluster, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Ademola I. Aina
- Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Genetic Resources Centre, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusola L. Oyesola
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
- UNESCO Chair on Plant Biotechnology, Plant Science Research Cluster, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Jacob O. Popoola
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
- UNESCO Chair on Plant Biotechnology, Plant Science Research Cluster, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Olaniyi A. Oyatomi
- Genetic Resources Centre, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michael T. Abberton
- Genetic Resources Centre, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olawole O. Obembe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
- UNESCO Chair on Plant Biotechnology, Plant Science Research Cluster, Covenant University, Canaan Land, Ota, Nigeria
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Sagar S, Singh A. Emerging role of phospholipase C mediated lipid signaling in abiotic stress tolerance and development in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:2123-2133. [PMID: 34003316 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli are primarily perceived at the plasma membrane. Stimuli perception leads to membrane disintegration and generation of molecules which trigger lipid signaling. In plants, lipid signaling regulates important biological functions however, the molecular mechanism involved is unclear. Phospholipases C (PLCs) are important lipid-modifying enzymes in eukaryotes. In animals, PLCs by hydrolyzing phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] generate diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol- 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). However, in plants their phosphorylated variants i.e., phosphatidic acid (PA) and inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) are proposed to mediate lipid signaling. Specific substrate preferences divide PLCs into phosphatidylinositol-PLC (PI-PLC) and non-specific PLCs (NPC). PLC activity is regulated by various cellular factors including, calcium (Ca2+) concentration, phospholipid substrate, and post-translational modifications. Both PI-PLCs and NPCs are implicated in plants' response to stresses and development. Emerging evidences show that PLCs regulate structural and developmental features, like stomata movement, microtubule organization, membrane remodelling and root development under abiotic stresses. Thus, crucial insights are provided into PLC mediated regulatory mechanism of abiotic stress responses in plants. In this review, we describe the structure and regulation of plant PLCs. In addition, cellular and physiological roles of PLCs in abiotic stresses, phosphorus deficiency, aluminium toxicity, pollen tube growth, and root development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Sagar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Ferreira-Neto JRC, da Silva MD, Rodrigues FA, Nepomuceno AL, Pandolfi V, de Lima Morais DA, Kido EA, Benko-Iseppon AM. Importance of inositols and their derivatives in cowpea under root dehydration: An omics perspective. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:441-462. [PMID: 33247842 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a robust analysis of the inositols (INSs) and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) pathways, using genomic and transcriptomic tools in cowpea under root dehydration. Nineteen (~70%) of the 26 scrutinized enzymes presented transcriptional up-regulation in at least one treatment time. The transcriptional orchestration allowed categorization of the analyzed enzymes as time-independent (those showing the same regulation throughout the assay) and time-dependent (those showing different transcriptional regulation over time). It is suggested that up-regulated time-independent enzymes (INSs: myo-inositol oxygenase, inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase 3, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 4-like, 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase, phosphoinositide phospholipase C, and non-specific phospholipase C; RFOs: α-galactosidase, invertase, and raffinose synthase) actively participate in the reorganization of cowpea molecular physiology under the applied stress. In turn, time-dependent enzymes, especially those up-regulated in some of the treatment times (INSs: inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, phosphatidylinositol synthase, multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase 1, methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and protein-tyrosine-phosphatase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RFOs: galactinol synthase) seem to participate in fine-tuning of the molecular physiology, helping the cowpea plants to acclimatize under dehydration stress. Not all loci encoding the studied enzymes were expressed during the assay; most of the expressed ones exhibited a variable transcriptional profile in the different treatment times. Genes of the INSs and RFOs pathways showed high orthology with analyzed Phaseoleae members, suggesting a relevant role within this legume group. Regarding the promoter regions of INSs and RFOs genes, some bona fide cis-regulatory elements were identified in association with seven transcription factor families (AP2-EFR, Dof-type, MADS-box, bZIP, CPP, ZF-HD, and GATA-type). Members of INSs and RFOs pathways potentially participate in other processes regulated by these proteins in cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R C Ferreira-Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana A Rodrigues
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cuiaba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L Nepomuceno
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation's-EMBRAPA Soybean, Rodovia Carlos João Strass-Distrito de Warta, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Ederson A Kido
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center of Biosciences, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana M Benko-Iseppon
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Genetics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Chen ZF, Ru JN, Sun GZ, Du Y, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Ma YZ, Xu ZS, Zhang XH. Genomic-Wide Analysis of the PLC Family and Detection of GmPI-PLC7 Responses to Drought and Salt Stresses in Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:631470. [PMID: 33763092 PMCID: PMC7982816 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.631470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) performs significant functions in a variety of biological processes, including plant growth and development. The PLC family of enzymes principally catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids in organisms. This exhaustive exploration of soybean GmPLC members using genome databases resulted in the identification of 15 phosphatidylinositol-specific PLC (GmPI-PLC) and 9 phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing PLC (GmNPC) genes. Chromosomal location analysis indicated that GmPLC genes mapped to 10 of the 20 soybean chromosomes. Phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed that GmPLC genes distributed into two groups in soybean, the PI-PLC and NPC groups. The expression patterns and tissue expression analysis showed that GmPLCs were differentially expressed in response to abiotic stresses. GmPI-PLC7 was selected to further explore the role of PLC in soybean response to drought and salt stresses by a series of experiments. Compared with the transgenic empty vector (EV) control lines, over-expression of GmPI-PLC7 (OE) conferred higher drought and salt tolerance in soybean, while the GmPI-PLC7-RNAi (RNAi) lines exhibited the opposite phenotypes. Plant tissue staining and physiological parameters observed from drought- and salt-stressed plants showed that stress increased the contents of chlorophyll, oxygen free radical (O2 -), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and NADH oxidase (NOX) to amounts higher than those observed in non-stressed plants. This study provides new insights in the functional analysis of GmPLC genes in response to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Na Ru
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Zhong Sun
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Du
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, China
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Zhu J, Zhou Y, Li J, Li H. Genome-Wide Investigation of the Phospholipase C Gene Family in Zea mays. Front Genet 2021; 11:611414. [PMID: 33510773 PMCID: PMC7835795 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.611414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) is one of the main hydrolytic enzymes in the metabolism of phosphoinositide and plays an important role in a variety of signal transduction processes responding to plant growth, development, and stress. Although the characteristics of many plant PLCs have been studied, PLC genes of maize have not been comprehensively identified. According to the study, five phosphatidylinositol-specific PLC (PI-PLC) and six non-specific PLC (NPC) genes were identified in maize. The PI-PLC and NPC genes of maize are conserved compared with homologous genes in other plants, especially in evolutionary relationship, protein sequences, conserved motifs, and gene structures. Transient expression of ZmPLC-GFP fusion protein in Arabidopsis protoplast cells showed that ZmPLCs are multi-localization. Analyses of transcription levels showed that ZmPLCs were significantly different under various different tissues and abiotic stresses. Association analysis shown that some ZmPLCs significantly associated with agronomic traits in 508 maize inbred lines. These results contribute to study the function of ZmPLCs and to provide good candidate targets for the yield and quality of superior maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantang Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jiale Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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Ketehouli T, Zhou YG, Dai SY, Carther KFI, Sun DQ, Li Y, Nguyen QVH, Xu H, Wang FW, Liu WC, Li XW, Li HY. A soybean calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase, GmPKS4, regulates plant responses to salt and alkali stresses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 256:153331. [PMID: 33310529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are key elements of plant abiotic stress signaling pathways. CIPKs are SOS2 (Salt Overly Sensitive 2)-like proteins (protein kinase S [PKS] proteins) which all contain a putative FISL motif. It seems that the FISL motif is found only in the SOS2 subfamily of protein kinases. In this study, the full-length cDNA of a soybean CIPK gene (GmPKS4) was isolated and was revealed to have an important role in abiotic stress responses. A qRT-PCR analysis indicated that GmPKS4 expression is upregulated under saline conditions or when exposed to alkali, salt-alkali, drought, or abscisic acid (ABA). A subcellular localization assay revealed the presence of GmPKS4 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Further studies on the GmPKS4 promoter suggested it affects soybean resistance to various stresses. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and soybean hairy roots overexpressing GmPKS4 had increased proline content as well as high antioxidant enzyme activities but decreased malondialdehyde levels following salt and salt-alkali stress treatments. Additionally, GmPKS4 overexpression activated reactive oxygen species scavenging systems, thereby minimizing damages due to oxidative and osmotic stresses. Moreover, upregulated stress-related gene expression levels were detected in lines overexpressing GmPKS4 under stress conditions. In conclusion, GmPKS4 improves soybean tolerance to salt and salt-alkali stresses. The overexpression of GmPKS4 enhances the scavenging of reactive oxygen species, osmolyte synthesis, and the transcriptional regulation of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Yong-Gang Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China(2); College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Si-Yu Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Kue Foka Idrice Carther
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Da-Qian Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Quoc Viet Hoang Nguyen
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Hu Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Fa-Wei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Wei-Can Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China(2); College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China(3).
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Wilkes J, Saski C, Klepadlo M, Fallen B, Agudelo P. Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Rotylenchulus reniformis Host Suitability in Soybean. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1511-1521. [PMID: 32370659 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-20-0035-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is a yield-limiting pathogen of soybean (Glycine max) in the southeastern region of the United States. A population of 250 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) (F2:8) developed from a cross between reniform nematode resistant soybean cultivar Forrest and susceptible cultivar Williams 82 was utilized to identify regions associated with host suitability. A genetic linkage map was constructed using single-nucleotide polymorphism markers generated by genotyping-by-sequencing. The phenotype was measured in the RIL population and resistance was characterized using normalized and transformed nematode reproduction indices in an optimal univariate cluster analysis. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using normalized phenotype scores identified two QTLs on each arm of chromosome 18 (rrn-1 and rrn-2). The same QTL analysis performed with log10(x) transformed phenotype data also identified two QTLs: one on chromosome 18 overlapping the same region in the other analysis (rrn-1), and one on chromosome 11 (rrn-3). While rrn-1 and rrn-3 have been reported associated with reduced reproduction of reniform nematode, this is the first report of the rrn-2 region associated with host suitability to reniform nematode. The resistant parent allele at rrn-2 showed an inverse relationship with the resistance phenotype, correlating with an increase in nematode reproduction or host suitability. Several candidate genes within these regions corresponded with host plant defense systems. Interestingly, a characteristic pathogen resistance gene with a leucine-rich repeat was discovered within rrn-2. These genetic markers can be used by soybean breeders in marker-assisted selection to develop lines with resistance to reniform nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Wilkes
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - Christopher Saski
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - Mariola Klepadlo
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201
| | - Benjamin Fallen
- Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, Florence, SC 29506
| | - Paula Agudelo
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
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10
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Wang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Gao X, Dong J, Yang M. Expression and evolution of the phospholipase C gene family in Brachypodium distachyon. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:1041-1053. [PMID: 32712839 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids and plays an important role in plant growth and development. The Brachypodium distachyon is a model plant of Gramineae, but the research on PLC gene family of Brachypodium has not been reported. OBJECTIVE This study was performed to identify the PLC family gene in Brachypodium and to determine the expression profiles of PLCs under the abiotic stress. METHODS Complete genome sequences and transcriptomes of Brachypodium were downloaded from the PLAZA. The hidden Markov model-based profile of the conserved PLC domain was submitted as a query to identify all potential PLC domain sequences with HMMER software. Expression profiles of BdPLCs were obtained based on the qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS There were 8 PLC genes in Brachypodium (BdPI-PLCs 1-4 and BdNPCs 1-4). All members of BdPI-PLC had three conserved domains of X, Y, and C2, and no EF-hand was found. All BdNPCs contained a phosphatase domain. BdPI-PLC genes were distributed on Chr1, Chr2 and Chr4, with different types and numbers of cis-regulatory elements in their respective gene promoters. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genetic relationship between Brachypodium and rice was closer than Arabidopsis. The expression patterns of BdPI-PLC gene under abiotic stresses (drought, low temperature, high temperature and salt stress) were up-regulated, indicated their important roles in response to low temperature, high temperature, drought and salt stresses. CONCLUSIONS This study provides comprehensive information for the study of Brachypodium PLC gene family and lays a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of Brachypodium stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianguo Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jian Dong
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile Analysis of the Phospholipase C Gene Family in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070885. [PMID: 32668812 PMCID: PMC7412115 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid-hydrolyzing enzymes include members of the phospholipase C (PLC) family that play important roles in regulating plant growth and responding to stress. In the present study, a systematic in silico analysis of the wheat PLC gene family revealed a total of 26 wheat PLC genes (TaPLCs). Phylogenetic and sequence alignment analyses divided the wheat PLC genes into 2 subfamilies, TaPI-PLC (containing the typical X, Y, and C2 domains) and TaNPC (containing a phosphatase domain). TaPLC expression patterns differed among tissues, organs, and under abiotic stress conditions. The transcript levels of 8 TaPLC genes were validated through qPCR analyses. Most of the TaPLC genes were sensitive to salt stress and were up-regulated rapidly, and some were sensitive to low temperatures and drought. Overexpression of TaPI-PLC1-2B significantly improved resistance to salt and drought stress in Arabidopsis, and the primary root of P1-OE was significantly longer than that of the wild type under stress conditions. Our results not only provide comprehensive information for understanding the PLC gene family in wheat, but can also provide a solid foundation for functional characterization of the wheat PLC gene family.
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12
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Carther KFI, Ketehouli T, Ye N, Yang YH, Wang N, Dong YY, Yao N, Liu XM, Liu WC, Li XW, Wang FW, Li HY. Comprehensive Genomic Analysis and Expression Profiling of Diacylglycerol Kinase ( DGK) Gene Family in Soybean ( Glycine max) under Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1361. [PMID: 30889878 PMCID: PMC6470530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants by transforming the diacylglycerol into phosphatidic acid. However, there is no report on the characterization of soybean DGK genes in spite of the availability of the soybean genome sequence. In this study, we performed genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the DGK gene family in the soybean genome. We identified 12 DGK genes (namely GmDGK1-12) which all contained conserved catalytic domains with protein lengths and molecular weights ranging from 436 to 727 amino acids (aa) and 48.62 to 80.93 kDa, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses grouped GmDGK genes into three clusters-cluster I, cluster II, and cluster III-which had three, four, and five genes, respectively. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed significant GmDGK gene expression levels in both leaves and roots coping with polyethylene glycol (PEG), salt, alkali, and salt/alkali treatments. This work provides the first characterization of the DGK gene family in soybean and suggests their importance in soybean response to abiotic stress. These results can serve as a guide for future studies on the understanding and functional characterization of this gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kue Foka Idrice Carther
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Nan Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yan-Hai Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Na Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Xiu-Ming Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wei-Can Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Fa-Wei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Song J, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhang K. Structural, expression and evolutionary analysis of the non-specific phospholipase C gene family in Gossypium hirsutum. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:979. [PMID: 29258435 PMCID: PMC5738194 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonspecific phospholipase C (NPC), which belongs to a phospholipase C subtype, is a class of phospholipases that hydrolyzes the primary membrane phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, to yield sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol and a phosphorylated head-group. NPC plays multiple physiological roles in lipid metabolism and signaling in plants. To fully understand the putative roles of NPC genes in upland cotton, we cloned NPC genes from Gossypium hirsutum and carried out structural, expression and evolutionary analysis. RESULTS Eleven NPC genes were cloned from G. hirsutum, which were found on chromosomes scaffold269.1, D03, A07, D07, A08, D11, and scaffold3511_A13. All GhNPCs had typical phosphoesterase domains and have hydrolase activity that acts on ester bonds. GhNPCs were annotated as phospholipase C, which was involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. These GhNPCs showed differential expression patterns in distinct plant tissues and in response to various types of stress (low-phosphate, salt, drought, and abscisic acid). They also had different types and numbers of cis-element. GhNPCs could be classified into four subfamilies. Four pairs of GhNPCs were generated by whole-genome duplication and they underwent purifying selection. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that GhNPCs are involved in regulating key abiotic stress responses and ABA signaling transduction, and they may have various functional roles for different members under complex abiotic stress conditions. Functional divergence may be the evolutionary driving force for the retention of four pairs of duplicate NPCs. Our analysis provides a solid foundation for the further functional characterization of the GhNPC gene family, and leads to potential applications in the genetic improvement of cotton cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghe Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Juren Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Wang F, Sun X, Shi X, Zhai H, Tian C, Kong F, Liu B, Yuan X. A Global Analysis of the Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Soybean (Glycine max). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163012. [PMID: 27657691 PMCID: PMC5033254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygalacturonase is one of the pectin hydrolytic enzymes involved in various developmental and physiological processes such as seed germination, organ abscission, pod and anther dehiscence, and xylem cell formation. To date, no systematic analysis of polygalacturonase incorporating genome organization, gene structure, and expression profiling has been conducted in soybean (Glycine max var. Williams 82). In this study, we identified 112 GmPG genes from the soybean Wm82.a2v1 genome. These genes were classified into three groups, group I (105 genes), group II (5 genes), and group III (2 genes). Fifty-four pairs of duplicate paralogous genes were preferentially identified from duplicated regions of the soybean genome, which implied that long segmental duplications significantly contributed to the expansion of the GmPG gene family. Moreover, GmPG transcripts were analyzed in various tissues using RNA-seq data. The results showed the differential expression of 64 GmPGs in the tissue and partially redundant expression of some duplicate genes, while others showed functional diversity. These findings suggested that the GmPGs were retained by substantial subfunctionalization during the soybean evolutionary processes. Finally, evolutionary analysis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in wild and cultivated soybeans revealed that 107 GmPGs had selected site(s), which indicated that these genes may have undergone strong selection during soybean domestication. Among them, one non-synonymous SNP of GmPG031 affected floral development during selection, which was consistent with the results of RNA-seq and evolutionary analyses. Thus, our results contribute to the functional characterization of GmPG genes in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Changen Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (BL)
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (BL)
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