1
|
Silvestri C, Scaini S, Giani L, Ferro M, Nobile M, Caputi M. Theory of Mind: A Brief Review of Candidate Genes. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:717. [PMID: 38927653 PMCID: PMC11203359 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Deficits in theory of mind (ToM), known as the ability to understand the other's mind, have been associated with several psychopathological outcomes. The present systematic review aims to summarize the results of genetic studies that investigated gene polymorphisms associated with mentalization performance tasks in children and adults. The systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines, and the literature search was conducted in PubMed and EBSCOhost using the following keywords: 'theory of mind, mentalizing, mindreading' and 'gene, genetic basis'. Nineteen studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. Most of the literature focused on the role of DRD4, DAT1, OXTR, OXT, COMT, ZNF804A, AVP, AVPR, SCL6A4, EFHC2, MAO-A, and the family of GTF2I genes in influencing ToM. However, controversial results emerged in sustaining the link between specific genetic polymorphisms and mentalization abilities in children and adults. Available data show heterogeneous outcomes, with studies reporting an association between the same family genes in subjects of the same age and other studies reporting no correlation. This does not allow us to draw any solid conclusions but paves the way for exploring genes involved in ToM tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Silvestri
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
- Child and Adolescent Unit, Italian Psychotherapy Clinics, Corso San Gottardo 5, 20136 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Giani
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy; (C.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Mattia Ferro
- Brain and Behaviour Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy;
| | - Marcella Caputi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via E. Weiss, 34128 Trieste, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Islam MK, Islam MR, Rahman MH, Islam MZ, Hasan MM, Mamun MMI, Moni MA. Integrated bioinformatics and statistical approach to identify the common molecular mechanisms of obesity that are linked to the development of two psychiatric disorders: Schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0276820. [PMID: 37494308 PMCID: PMC10370737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by the accumulation of body fat and serves as a gateway to a number of metabolic-related diseases. Epidemiologic data indicate that Obesity is acting as a risk factor for neuro-psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depression disorder and vice versa. However, how obesity may biologically interact with neurodevelopmental or neurological psychiatric conditions influenced by hereditary, environmental, and other factors is entirely unknown. To address this issue, we have developed a pipeline that integrates bioinformatics and statistical approaches such as transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular mechanisms in patients with psychiatric disorders that are also common in obese patients. Biomarker genes expressed in schizophrenia, major depression, and obesity have been used to demonstrate such relationships depending on the previous research studies. The highly expressed genes identify commonly altered signalling pathways, gene ontology pathways, and gene-disease associations across disorders. The proposed method identified 163 significant genes and 134 significant pathways shared between obesity and schizophrenia. Similarly, there are 247 significant genes and 65 significant pathways that are shared by obesity and major depressive disorder. These genes and pathways increase the likelihood that psychiatric disorders and obesity are pathogenic. Thus, this study may help in the development of a restorative approach that will ameliorate the bidirectional relation between obesity and psychiatric disorder. Finally, we also validated our findings using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from SCZ, MDD, and OBE. We confirmed the likely involvement of four significant genes both in transcriptomic and GWAS/WGS data. Moreover, we have performed co-expression cluster analysis of the transcriptomic data and compared it with the results of transcriptomic differential expression analysis and GWAS/WGS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Khairul Islam
- Dept. of Information Communication Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakibul Islam
- Dept. of Information Communication Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Dept. of Computer Science Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Dept. of Information Communication Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mainul Islam Mamun
- Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Preti A, Siddi S, Marzola E, Abbate Daga G. Affective cognition in eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance on the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2291-2307. [PMID: 35384555 PMCID: PMC9556412 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) is listed in the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria as a tool apt to measure the understanding of others' mental states. People diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) showed poorer performances on the RMET than healthy controls. Less data are available concerning other eating disorders. METHODS Systematic review of four major databases from inception to July 15, 2021 following the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional observational studies comparing the scores of the RMET between patients with eating disorders and age- and-gender matched control groups. RESULTS Out of 21 studies, we retrieved 29 independent samples of patients diagnosed with an eating disorder. Patients with active AN (n = 580) showed worse performances on the RMET than controls (n = 1019). Year of publication accounted for 61% of the (substantial: I2 = 81%) heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. Earlier studies were more likely to find worse performances on the RMET of patients with active AN than later studies. Patients with bulimia nervosa (n = 185) performed poorly as compared to controls (n = 249), but the results were not statistically significant on the random-effect model. Obese patients with binge-eating disorder (n = 54) did not differ on the RMET from obese controls (n = 52). Patients with eating disorder not otherwise specified (n = 57) showed minimal differences compared to controls (n = 96). Study quality was good in six studies only. CONCLUSIONS Patients with eating disorders do not suffer from an impaired understanding of others' mental states, except for a still-to-be-identified subgroup of patients with active AN. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I, systematic review and meta-analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Preti
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrica Marzola
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate Daga
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alshaya DS. Genetic and epigenetic factors associated with depression: An updated overview. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103311. [PMID: 35762011 PMCID: PMC9232544 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex psychiatric disturbance involving many environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Until now, genetic, and non-genetic studies are still on the way to understanding the complex mechanism of this disease, and there are still many questions that have not yet been answered. Depression includes a large spectrum of heterogeneous symptoms correlated to the deficit of a range of psychological, cognitive, and emotional processes, and it affects various age groups. It is classified into several types according to the severity of symptoms, time of occurrence, and time. Following the World Health Organization (WHO), depression attacks near 350 million persons globally. Several factors overlap in causing depression, including genetic and epigenetic factors, environmental conditions, various stresses, lack of some nutrients to which people are exposed, and excessive stress and abuse in childhood. This study included conducting surveys on depression and new treatment trends based on epigenetic factors associated with the occurrence of the disease. Epigenetic factors provide a completely novel dimension to therapeutic approaches as most diseases are not monogenic, and it is likely that the environment has a significant contribution. Epigenetic inheritance is included in many mental and psychiatric disorders such as depression. In general, epigenetic modifications could be summarized in 3 major points: DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-mediated regulation of RNA (ncRNA). This study also describes some genes associated with one of the depressive disorders using bioinformatics tools and gene bank and had the genes: SLC6A4, COMT, TPH2, FKBP5, MDD1, HTR2A, and MDD2. As in this study, the awareness of Saudi society about depression and its genetic and non-genetic causes was estimated. The results showed that an encouraging percentage of more than half of the research sample possessed correct information about this disorder.
Collapse
Key Words
- COMT, Catechol-O-methyltransferase
- Depression
- Epigenetic factors
- FKBP5, FKBP Prolyl Isomerase 5
- Genetic factors
- HTR2A, hydroxy tryptamine receptor 2A
- MBCT, Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
- MDD1, Major Depressive Disorder 1
- MDD2, Major Depressive Disorder 2
- NICE, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
- NIMH, National Institute of Mental Health
- SAD, Seasonal Affective Disorder
- SLC6A4, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4
- Symptoms
- TPH2, Tryptophan hydroxylase 2
- Treatment
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalal S. Alshaya
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kanarik M, Grimm O, Mota NR, Reif A, Harro J. ADHD co-morbidities: A review of implication of gene × environment effects with dopamine-related genes. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104757. [PMID: 35777579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ADHD is a major burden in adulthood, where co-morbid conditions such as depression, substance use disorder and obesity often dominate the clinical picture. ADHD has substantial shared heritability with other mental disorders, contributing to comorbidity. However, environmental risk factors exist but their interaction with genetic makeup, especially in relation to comorbid disorders, remains elusive. This review for the first time summarizes present knowledge on gene x environment (GxE) interactions regarding the dopamine system. Hitherto, mainly candidate (GxE) studies were performed, focusing on the genes DRD4, DAT1 and MAOA. Some evidence suggest that the variable number tandem repeats in DRD4 and MAOA may mediate GxE interactions in ADHD generally, and comorbid conditions specifically. Nevertheless, even for these genes, common variants are bound to suggest risk only in the context of gender and specific environments. For other polymorphisms, evidence is contradictory and less convincing. Particularly lacking are longitudinal studies testing the interaction of well-defined environmental with polygenic risk scores reflecting the dopamine system in its entirety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margus Kanarik
- Chair of Neuropsychopharmacology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A Chemicum, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Oliver Grimm
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jaanus Harro
- Chair of Neuropsychopharmacology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A Chemicum, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Psychiatry Clinic, North Estonia Medical Centre, Paldiski Road 52, 10614 Tallinn, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nestor BA, Sutherland S, Garber J. Theory of mind performance in depression: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 303:233-244. [PMID: 35176344 PMCID: PMC8961451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theory of mind (ToM) is a social-cognitive skill that involves the ability to understand the thoughts and feelings of others. Evidence is mixed regarding the extent of ToM ability in individuals with depression. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of 43 studies to investigate the strength of the association between ToM and depression. RESULTS Results indicated significant, small- to moderate impairment in ToM with a medium overall effect size (g = -0.398) in individuals with depression. Moderator analyses compared effect sizes across groups for the following variables: ToM content, process, and sample type. Additionally, meta-regression analyses tested age and gender as continuous moderators. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional nature of included studies limits this meta-analysis from clarifying temporal or bidirectional relations. CONCLUSIONS We discuss findings in the context of the extant developmental, cognitive, social, and clinical literatures. We also suggest several possible explanations for these findings and offer implications for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A. Nestor
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody #552, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, United States of America
| | - Susanna Sutherland
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody #552, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, United States of America
| | - Judy Garber
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody #552, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui D, Liu L, Li Y. Association Between Children's Empathy and Depression: The Moderating Role of Social Preference. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 54:857-869. [PMID: 34982305 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although empathy is typically an adaptive characteristic of children, extreme empathy alone or in combination with a negative environment may contribute to a risk of depression. The present study comprehensively investigated the associations between the three constructs of empathy and depression in children, as well as the potential moderating effect of peer relationships (i.e., social preference) on this association. A total of 1223 children (mean age = 10.50 ± .93 years) completed questionnaires on empathy and depression, and social preference was nominated by their peers. Cognitive empathy and positive empathy exerted a positive quadratic effect on depression, while negative empathy had a positive linear association with depression. For children with a low social preference, all three empathy constructs were positively quadratically correlated with depression, extremely high and low empathy were associated with increased depression, and moderate empathy was associated with the lowest level of depression. For children with a high social preference, higher positive empathy was associated with lower depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Center for Teacher Education Research, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Buch AM, Liston C. Dissecting diagnostic heterogeneity in depression by integrating neuroimaging and genetics. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:156-175. [PMID: 32781460 PMCID: PMC7688954 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a heterogeneous and etiologically complex psychiatric syndrome, not a unitary disease entity, encompassing a broad spectrum of psychopathology arising from distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Motivated by a need to advance our understanding of these mechanisms and develop new treatment strategies, there is a renewed interest in investigating the neurobiological basis of heterogeneity in depression and rethinking our approach to diagnosis for research purposes. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have now identified multiple genetic risk variants implicating excitatory neurotransmission and synapse function and underscoring a highly polygenic inheritance pattern that may be another important contributor to heterogeneity in depression. Here, we review various sources of phenotypic heterogeneity and approaches to defining and studying depression subtypes, including symptom-based subtypes and biology-based approaches to decomposing the depression syndrome. We review "dimensional," "categorical," and "hybrid" approaches to parsing phenotypic heterogeneity in depression and defining subtypes using functional neuroimaging. Next, we review recent progress in neuroimaging genetics (correlating neuroimaging patterns of brain function with genetic data) and its potential utility for generating testable hypotheses concerning molecular and circuit-level mechanisms. We discuss how genetic variants and transcriptomic profiles may confer risk for depression by modulating brain structure and function. We conclude by highlighting several promising areas for future research into the neurobiological underpinnings of heterogeneity, including efforts to understand sexually dimorphic mechanisms, the longitudinal dynamics of depressive episodes, and strategies for developing personalized treatments and facilitating clinical decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Buch
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, Box 240, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69th Street, Box 240, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reuter M, Felten A, Zamoscik V, Bravo R, Ugartemendia L, Kirsch P, Rodriguez AB, Plieger T. Genetic and epigenetic serotonergic markers predict the ability to recognize mental states. Physiol Behav 2020; 227:113143. [PMID: 32822711 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic (5-HT) system is related to affective and cognitive processes and explains behavioral variability in the normal and psychopathological range. For this reason, the hypothesis was put forward that genetic and epigenetic markers related to 5-HT metabolism predict individual differences in social cognitive functioning. Social cognitions are complex mental processes necessary for perceiving, interpreting and reacting to the behaviors of others. In order to test this hypothesis one of the most prominent theory of mind tasks, the reading the mind in the eye test (RMET), was administered to N = 435 participants and measures of performance were related to the functional MAO-A VNTR polymorphism (relevant for 5-HT catabolism) and to epigenetic markers in the promoter of the TPH-2 gene (relevant for 5-HT synthesis). It was postulated that genetic and epigenetic markers of high 5-HT activity are positively related to RMET performance. Results show that the MAO-A high activity allele, together with the degree of methylation at a promoter CpG site on the TPH-2 gene explain significant proportions of variance in the RMET performance even after controlling for age and sex effects. Present findings yield evidence for the importance of 5-HT for social cognition. Based on additional findings, the role of a TRP-rich diet for theory of mind functions is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reuter
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany.
| | - Andrea Felten
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany
| | - Vera Zamoscik
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany; Department of Clinical Psychology. Central Institute of Mental Health. Medical Faculty Mannheim. Heidelberg University. Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rafael Bravo
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Lierni Ugartemendia
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology. Central Institute of Mental Health. Medical Faculty Mannheim. Heidelberg University. Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ana B Rodriguez
- Chrononutrition Laboratory. Neuroimmunephysiology & Chrononutrition Research Group. Faculty of Science. University of Extremadura. Badajoz, Spain
| | - Thomas Plieger
- University of Bonn, Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang S, Yang Y, Xie X, Li H, Han R, Hou J, Sun J, Qian ZM, Wu S, Huang C, Howard SW, Tian F, Deng W, Lin H. The effect of temperature on cause-specific mental disorders in three subtropical cities: A case-crossover study in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105938. [PMID: 32688157 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between ambient temperature and cause-specific mental disorders, especially in subtropical areas. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ambient temperature on mental disorders in subtropical cities. METHOD Daily morbidity data for mental disorders in three Chinese cities (Shenzhen, Zhaoqing, and Huizhou) were collected from medical record systems of local psychiatric specialist hospitals, covering patients of all ages. Case-crossover design combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to assess the nonlinear and delayed effects of temperatures on five specific mental disorders (affective disorders, anxiety, depressive disorders, schizophrenia, and organic mental disorders), with analyses stratified by gender and age. The temperature of minimum effect was used as the reference value to calculate estimates. RESULTS We observed inversed J-shaped exposure-response curves between temperature and mental morbidity and observed that low temperatures had a significant and prolonged effect on most types of mental disorders in the three cities. For example, the effect of the cold (2.5th percentile) on anxiety was consistently observed in the three cities with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.06-1.57) in Zhaoqing, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.18-1.34) in Shenzhen, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.17-1.81) in Huizhou. Low temperature was also associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders and schizophrenia. For the high temperature exposure (97.5th percentile), we only observed a significant, harmful effect on anxiety [OR = 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.58) in Shenzhen, OR = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.34) in Zhaoqing], affective disorders [OR = 1.32 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.62) in Shenzhen], and schizophrenia [OR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.48) in Zhaoqing, OR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.06) in Huizhou]. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that both low and high temperatures might be important drivers of morbidity from mental disorders, and low temperature may have a more general and wide-spread effect on this cause-specific morbidity than high temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - XinHui Xie
- Brain Function and Psychosomatic Medicine Institute, The Second People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiesheng Hou
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, USA
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, USA
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, China
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Steven W Howard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, USA
| | - Fei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - WenFeng Deng
- Brain Function and Psychosomatic Medicine Institute, The Second People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anatomical and neurochemical bases of theory of mind in de novo Parkinson's Disease. Cortex 2020; 130:401-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
12
|
Shamblaw AL, Benson JE, Harkness KL, Sabbagh MA. Maternal depression and children’s false belief understanding. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate L. Harkness
- Department of Psychology Queen’s University Kingston Ontario Canada
| | - Mark A. Sabbagh
- Department of Psychology Queen’s University Kingston Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Caldú X, Ottino-González J, Sánchez-Garre C, Hernan I, Tor E, Sender-Palacios MJ, Dreher JC, Garolera M, Jurado MÁ. Effect of the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val 158 Met polymorphism on theory of mind in obesity. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2019; 27:401-409. [PMID: 30761671 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is often accompanied with psychosocial adjustment problems, such as difficulties in social interactions and social withdrawal. A key aspect of social cognition is theory of mind, which allows inferring mental states, feelings, motivations, and beliefs of others and to use this information to predict their future behaviour. Theory of mind is highly dependent on prefrontal dopaminergic neurotransmission, which is regulated by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity. We aimed at determining whether theory of mind is altered in obesity and if this ability is modulated by COMT. Fifty patients with obesity and 47 normal-weight individuals underwent the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Vocabulary subscale of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The genotype for the COMT Val 158 Met functional polymorphism was determined for all subjects. Patients with obesity obtained significantly lower scores in the negative items of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test than normal-weight subjects. Further, an interaction effect was observed between group and COMT genotype. Specifically, the presence of the Met allele was associated to a better identification of negative mental states only in patients with obesity. Our results indicate that obesity is accompanied with difficulties in theory of mind and that this ability is influenced by the COMT genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Caldú
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jonatan Ottino-González
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Consuelo Sánchez-Garre
- Unitat d'Endocrinologia Pediàtrica, Departament de Pediatria, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Imma Hernan
- Unitat de Genètica Molecular, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Encarnació Tor
- Centre d'atenció primària Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | | | - Jean-Claude Dreher
- Neuroeconomics, Reward and Decision Making Team, Cognitive Neuroscience Centre, CNRS UMR 5229, Bron, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maite Garolera
- Unitat de Neuropsicologia, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Jurado
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Salatino-Oliveira A, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. The dopamine transporter role in psychiatric phenotypes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018; 177:211-231. [PMID: 28766921 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is one of the most relevant and investigated neurotransmitter transporters. DAT is a plasma membrane protein which plays a homeostatic role, controlling both extracellular and intracellular concentrations of dopamine (DA). Since unbalanced DA levels are known to be involved in numerous mental disorders, a wealth of investigations has provided valuable insights concerning DAT role into normal brain functioning and pathological processes. Briefly, this extensive but non-systematic review discusses what is recently known about the role of SLC6A3 gene which encodes the dopamine transporter in psychiatric phenotypes. DAT protein, SLC6A3 gene, animal models, neuropsychology, and neuroimaging investigations are also concisely discussed. To conclude, current challenges are reviewed in order to provide perspectives for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis A Rohde
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Institute for Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara H Hutz
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gu S, Jing L, Li Y, Huang JH, Wang F. Stress Induced Hormone and Neuromodulator Changes in Menopausal Depressive Rats. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:253. [PMID: 29951006 PMCID: PMC6008427 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Previously, we showed that neuromodulators are important factors involved in depression, here we aim to further investigate the interactions between neuromodulators and sex hormone involved in menopause related depression in rats. Methods: Menopausal depression was made with bilateral ovariectomies in female SD rats followed by chronic mild unpredictable stress treatment for 21 days. Thirty six rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham surgery group, sham/stress group, surgery group, surgery/stress group. Then open-field locomotor scores and sucrose intake were employed to observe behavior changes. The levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) in the cerebral spinal fluid and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisone were determined with High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results: The open-field locomotor scores and sucrose intake were significantly decreased after the surgery and stress treatment (p < 0.01). The Serum E2 level decreased significantly after the surgery (p < 0.01), but serum LH, FSH levels increased significantly in the surgery group than the sham surgery group (p < 0.01). The cortisone levels increased significantly in sham/stress group than that in the sham surgery group during the first 2 weeks at stressful treatment, but decrease afterwards. The monoamine levels in the surgery/stress group were much lower than those in the sham surgery group (p < 0.01). The correlation analysis found that LH and FSH are related more to the neurotransmitter release than E2. Conclusion: Ovary removal rats showed depression-like behaviors, with LH and FSH increase and monoamine decrease, and the levels of these monoamines in the stress treated groups changed only after the stressful treatment. The LH, FSH hormone increasing might be the reason for the lower monoamine release, which in turn might be the reason for depressed syndromes in the menopause. The cortisone and ACTH in the serum in the surgery/stress group were much higher than that in the sham surgery group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Gu
- School of Psychology, Jiangsu University Medical Center, Zhenjiang, China.,School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Jing
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, United States
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lundwall RA, Sgro J, Wade T. SLC6A3 Is Associated With Relational Aggression in Children. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Understanding the genetic influence on aggressive behavior in children is one way to understand pathways to the development of aggression in adults. While aggression is likely under some environmental influence, it is also likely under some genetic influence. Overt aggression associates with a variety of genes including dopaminergic and serotonergic genes. Dopaminergic and serotonergic genes are known to be associated with overt aggression. However, little is known regarding the genetic pathways associated with relational aggression. Detecting genetic associates of relational aggression is important to eventually understand pathways to socially aggressive behaviors in children. Therefore, we attempted to determine if relational aggression was also associated with dopaminergic and serotonergic genes. We invited the parents of 327 children to complete a modified version of the MacArthur Health and Behavior Questionnaire (HBQ-P), which has a subscale for relational aggression. We used logistic regression models that predicted relational aggression after controlling for covariates. One genetic predictor was added at a time until there was no model improvement. The covariates were overt aggression scores obtained from the HBQ-P and age. The final (best) model included as a significant predictor of relational aggression one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on SLC6A3 (rs2617605) and the covariates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan Sgro
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Tyson Wade
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Poletti B, Carelli L, Solca F, Lafronza A, Pedroli E, Faini A, Zago S, Ticozzi N, Ciammola A, Morelli C, Meriggi P, Cipresso P, Lulé D, Ludolph AC, Riva G, Silani V. An eye-tracking controlled neuropsychological battery for cognitive assessment in neurological diseases. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:595-603. [PMID: 28078566 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cognitive assessment in neurological conditions involving physical disability is often prevented by the presence of verbal-motor impairment; to date, an extensive motor-verbal-free neuropsychological battery is not available for such purposes. We adapted a set of neuropsychological tests, assessing language, attentional abilities, executive functions and social cognition, for eye-tracking (ET) control, and explored its feasibility in a sample of healthy participants. Thirty healthy subjects performed a neuropsychological assessment, using an ET-based neuropsychological battery, together with standard "paper and pencil" cognitive measures for frontal (Frontal Assessment Battery-FAB) and working memory abilities (Digit Sequencing Task) and for global cognitive efficiency (Montreal Cognitive Assessment-MoCA). Psychological measures of anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Y-STAI-Y) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-BDI) were also collected, and a usability questionnaire was administered. Significant correlations were observed between the "paper and pencil" screening of working memory abilities and the ET-based neuropsychological measures. The ET-based battery also correlated with the MoCA, while poor correlations were observed with the FAB. Usability aspects were found to be influenced by both working memory abilities and psychological components. The ET-based neuropsychological battery developed could provide an extensive assessment of cognitive functions, allowing participants to perform tasks independently from the integrity of motor or verbal channels. Further studies will be aimed at investigating validity and usability components in neurological populations with motor-verbal impairments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Poletti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Carelli
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Solca
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lafronza
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Faini
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Zago
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciammola
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Morelli
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Meriggi
- ICT and Biomedical Technology Integration Unit, Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer (CITT), Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorothée Lulé
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|