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Behrad S, Dezfuli SAT, Yazdani R, Hayati S, Shanjani SM. The effect of physical exercise on circulating neurotrophic factors in healthy aged subjects: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Exp Gerontol 2024; 196:112579. [PMID: 39260585 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may help the brain resist both functional and structural neurodegeneration, which is critical for maintaining cognitive and neurological health in older adults. This meta-analysis and meta-regression seek to elucidate the impact of physical activity on these biomarker levels in healthy seniors, as well as to examine the influence of several moderator factors, including age, sex, period length, and time, for the first time. The standardized mean effect metric was used to assess the influence of weights, which reflected each group's relative importance in comparison to baseline data. The study looked at potential moderating factors including age, gender, and physical activity levels. The analysis of 11 studies indicated no significant effect of physical activity on VEGF levels [0.328, CI 95 % (-0.871 to 1.52); I2 = 0.00; p = 0.592; Q = 4.14]. Physical activity had a substantial impact on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (0.827, 95 % confidence interval: 0.487 to 1.16; I2 = 0.00; p = 0.00; Q = 78.46), with females showing particularly notable effects (Tau2 = 0.327, Tau = 0.571, I2 = 80.90 %, Q = 68.05, df = 15, p = 0.00). Physical activity also had a substantial effect on insulin-like growth factor 1 (0.276, 95 % confidence interval: 0.065 to 0.487; I2 = 0.00; p = 0.10; Q = 8.35), indicating that it positively influences IGF-1 levels. Overall, while physical exercise has a significant effect on BDNF and IGF-1, more research is needed to fully understand its impact on vascular endothelial growth factor and to investigate how individual characteristics may influence exercise outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Behrad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Yazdani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Saeed Hayati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani
- Department of Sport Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.
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Diniz DG, Bento-Torres J, da Costa VO, Carvalho JPR, Tomás AM, Galdino de Oliveira TC, Soares FC, de Macedo LDED, Jardim NYV, Bento-Torres NVO, Anthony DC, Brites D, Picanço Diniz CW. The Hidden Dangers of Sedentary Living: Insights into Molecular, Cellular, and Systemic Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10757. [PMID: 39409085 PMCID: PMC11476792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the aging of the global population, neurodegenerative diseases are emerging as a major public health issue. The adoption of a less sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have a beneficial effect on cognitive decline, but the molecular mechanisms responsible are less clear. Here we provide a detailed analysis of the complex molecular, cellular, and systemic mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline and how lifestyle choices influence these processes. A review of the evidence from animal models, human studies, and postmortem analyses emphasizes the importance of integrating physical exercise with cognitive, multisensory, and motor stimulation as part of a multifaceted approach to mitigating cognitive decline. We highlight the potential of these non-pharmacological interventions to address key aging hallmarks, such as genomic instability, telomere attrition, and neuroinflammation, and underscore the need for comprehensive and personalized strategies to promote cognitive resilience and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guerreiro Diniz
- Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Seção de Hepatologia, Belém 66.093-020, Pará, Brazil;
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
| | - João Bento-Torres
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.050-160, Pará, Brazil
| | - Victor Oliveira da Costa
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
| | - Josilayne Patricia Ramos Carvalho
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.050-160, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mendonça Tomás
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Campus Samabaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (EBTT), CEPAE, Goiânia 74.001-970, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cristina Galdino de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Faculdade de Ceilândia, Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 72.220-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cabral Soares
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
| | - Liliane Dias e Dias de Macedo
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Campus Tucurui, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Tucurui 68.455-210, Pará, Brazil
| | - Naina Yuki Vieira Jardim
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Campus Tucurui, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Tucurui 68.455-210, Pará, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Natáli Valim Oliver Bento-Torres
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.050-160, Pará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Clive Anthony
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK;
| | - Dora Brites
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristovam Wanderley Picanço Diniz
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.073-005, Pará, Brazil; (J.B.-T.); (V.O.d.C.); (J.P.R.C.); (A.M.T.); (T.C.G.d.O.); (F.C.S.); (L.D.e.D.d.M.); (N.Y.V.J.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Pará, Brazil
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Dorsch S, Nicholson V, Roman E, Fanayan E, Chagpar S. Motor imagery priming improves activity and impairment outcomes in people after stroke but the effects of other types of priming are unclear: a systematic review. J Physiother 2024; 70:275-287. [PMID: 39327180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
QUESTION In stroke rehabilitation, what is the effect of adding non-stimulation-based priming prior to task-specific practice on activity and motor impairment outcomes compared with task-specific practice alone? DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS Adult stroke survivors. INTERVENTION The experimental groups completed a non-stimulation priming intervention prior to task-specific practice. The priming interventions were: motor imagery; action observation; combined motor imagery and action observation; mirror therapy; movement-based priming; and aerobic exercise-based priming. The control groups completed task-specific practice alone. OUTCOME MEASURES Upper and lower limb activity and motor impairment. RESULTS Twenty-four trials involving 803 participants were included in this systematic review. Twenty trials were included in the meta-analyses of activity outcomes and 11 trials in the meta-analyses of impairment outcomes. Four trials examined the effect of motor imagery priming prior to task-specific practice on activity outcomes (SMD 0.48, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.82). Three trials examined the effect of motor imagery priming prior to task-specific practice on motor impairment outcomes (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.89). Nine trials examined the effect of action observation priming prior to task-specific practice on activity outcomes (SMD 0.18, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.41). Two trials examined the effect of movement-based priming prior to task-specific practice on activity outcomes (SMD -0.11, 95% CI -0.64 to 0.42). Three trials examined the effect of aerobic exercise priming prior to task-specific practice on activity outcomes (SMD 0.30, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.80). The quality of the evidence was low to moderate. CONCLUSION In stroke rehabilitation, motor imagery priming implemented prior to task-specific training has a very small to large effect on activity and motor impairment outcomes. Action observation priming implemented prior to task-specific training has a negligible to small effect on activity outcomes. Movement-based and aerobic exercise-based priming do not have any clear effect on outcomes. REGISTRATION CRD42020093519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dorsch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia; StrokeEd Collaboration, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Vaughan Nicholson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Emilia Roman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Emma Fanayan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Sakina Chagpar
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Guo X, Xu Y, Meng Y, Lian H, He J, Zhang R, Xu J, Wang H, Xu S, Cai W, Xiao L, Su T, Tang Y. Acute Aerobic Exercise Intensity on Working Memory and Vigilance After Nap Deprivation: Effects of Low-Intensity Deserve Attention. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:1431-1449. [PMID: 39318397 PMCID: PMC11420903 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s471930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Napping deprivation in habitual nappers leads to cognitive impairment. The ameliorative effect of acute aerobic exercise has been demonstrated for this post-cognitive impairment. However, it is still unclear which intensity of aerobic exercise is the most effective and how long this improvement can be sustained. Methods Fifty-eight healthy adults with a chronic napping habit were randomly assigned to four intervention groups after undergoing nap deprivation: a sedentary control group, a low-intensity exercise group (50-59% maximum heart rate, HRmax), a moderate-intensity exercise group (60-69% HRmax), and a high-intensity exercise group (70-79% HRmax). Working memory (N-back task), vigilance (Psychomotor Vigilance Task, PVT), and response inhibitory capacity (Go/NoGo task) were measured. Results Regression analyses showed a quadratic trend between exercise intensity and working memory reaction time and accuracy (F =3.297-5.769, p < 0.05, R2 =10.7-18.9%). The effects of exercise were optimal at low-intensity. There was a significant quadratic trend between exercise intensity and PVT lapse (F =4.314, p =0.042, R² =7.2%). The effect of exercise increased with higher intensity. Prolonged observation found that the effect of low-intensity exercise on working memory was maintained for 2 hours. Conclusion The effect of low-intensity exercise might be underestimated. Low-intensity exercise significantly improved working memory performance, and the effects could be maintained throughout the afternoon. In contrast, the effects of high-intensity exercise were unlikely to be maintained and might even have negative effects. Future researchers can broaden the categories of participants to enhance the external validity and collect diverse physiological indicators to explore related physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Meng
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Research, Naval Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lian
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen He
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruike Zhang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhou Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Su
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiang Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Maiworm M. The relevance of BDNF for neuroprotection and neuroplasticity in multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1385042. [PMID: 39148705 PMCID: PMC11325594 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1385042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroplasticity as a mechanism to overcome central nervous system injury resulting from different neurological diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, deficiency of these repair mechanisms leads to the accumulation of neuronal damage and therefore long-term disability. To date, the mechanisms by which remyelination occurs and why the extent of remyelination differs interindividually between multiple sclerosis patients regardless of the disease course are unclear. A member of the neurotrophins family, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has received particular attention in this context as it is thought to play a central role in remyelination and thus neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and memory. Objective To analyse the current literature regarding BDNF in different areas of multiple sclerosis and to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in this field. Conclusion To date, studies assessing the role of BDNF in patients with multiple sclerosis remain inconclusive. However, there is emerging evidence for a beneficial effect of BDNF in multiple sclerosis, as studies reporting positive effects on clinical as well as MRI characteristics outweighed studies assuming detrimental effects of BDNF. Furthermore, studies regarding the Val66Met polymorphism have not conclusively determined whether this is a protective or harmful factor in multiple sclerosis, but again most studies hypothesized a protective effect through modulation of BDNF secretion and anti-inflammatory effects with different effects in healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis, possibly due to the pro-inflammatory milieu in patients with multiple sclerosis. Further studies with larger cohorts and longitudinal follow-ups are needed to improve our understanding of the effects of BDNF in the central nervous system, especially in the context of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Maiworm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Gejl AK, Bugge A, Ernst MT, Mortensen EL, Gejl KD, Andersen LB. Effects of 9 Weeks of High- or Moderate-Intensity Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Inhibitory Control, and Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Danish Adolescents-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14703. [PMID: 39054765 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aims of this study were to examine the effects of 9 weeks of aerobic training, comprising three 30-min sessions per week, on V̇O2max, inhibitory control, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels among adolescents aged 16-19 years. METHODS One hundred twenty-one untrained or recreationally active adolescents from a Danish high school were enrolled in the study, with 58 females (17.8 ± 0.8 years) and 27 males (18.0 ± 0.9 years) completing it. Participants were randomly divided into three groups performing aerobic training at either moderate-intensity (MIT: 60%-70% heart rate reserve [HRR]) or high-intensity (HIT: 80%-100% HRR) or a passive control group (CON) continuing their habitual lifestyle. Both the training groups exercised for 3×30 min per week for 9 weeks using a combination of cycling and running. Before and after the intervention period maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and the primary outcomes (inhibitory control measured by a modified flanker task, and resting plasma levels of BDNF) were evaluated. RESULTS After the intervention period, the HIT group demonstrated a larger increase in V̇O2max compared to both the CON and MIT groups, while no significant effects were observed on inhibitory control or plasma BDNF levels in any training group. However, compared to the CON group, the HIT group exhibited a tendency for greater improvement in the flanker interference score (accuracy), attributable to enhanced accuracy on the incongruent stimuli from pre to post. CONCLUSION Aerobic training in adolescents increased cardiorespiratory fitness in an intensity-dependent manner, but no clear effects were observed on neither inhibitory control nor resting plasma BDNF levels. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02075944.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kær Gejl
- Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna Bugge
- Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Psychomotor Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kasper Degn Gejl
- Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Bo Andersen
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sport, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Sogndal, Sogndal, Norway
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Goldfield GS, Cameron JD, Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Prud'homme D, Ngu M, Alberga AS, Doucette S, Goldfield DB, Tulloch H, Thai H, Simas KR, Walsh J. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and health-related quality of life in youth with obesity. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16140. [PMID: 38997217 PMCID: PMC11245332 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism causes functional changes in BDNF, and is associated with obesity and some psychiatric disorders, but its relationship to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unknown. This study examined, in youth with obesity, whether carriers of the BDNF Val66met polymorphism Met-alleles (A/A or G/A) differed from noncarriers (G/G) on HRQoL. The participants were 187 adolescents with obesity. Ninety-nine youth were carriers of the homozygous Val/Val (G/G) alleles, and 88 were carriers of the Val/Met (G/A) or Met/Met (A/A) alleles. Blood samples were drawn in the morning after an overnight fast for genotyping. HRQoL was measured using the Pediatric-Quality of Life core version. Compared to carriers of the Val66Met Val (G/G) alleles, carriers of the Met-Alleles reported significantly higher physical -HRQoL (p = 0.02), school-related HRQoL, (p = 0.05), social-related HRQoL (p = 0.05), and total HRQoL (p = 0.03), and a trend for Psychosocial-HRQoL. Research is needed to confirm our findings and determine whether carriers of the BDNF Val66Met homozygous Val (G/G) alleles may be at risk of diminished HRQoL, information that can influence interventions in a high-risk population of inactive youth with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary S Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jameason D Cameron
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald J Sigal
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Glen P Kenny
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Mathew Ngu
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela S Alberga
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steve Doucette
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Heather Tulloch
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen Thai
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kevin R Simas
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Walsh
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Ceylan Hİ, Silva AF, Ramirez-Campillo R, Murawska-Ciałowicz E. Exploring the Effect of Acute and Regular Physical Exercise on Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Individuals with Obesity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:323. [PMID: 38785805 PMCID: PMC11117522 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern linked to cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein crucial for neuronal growth and survival, plays a vital role in brain function and plasticity. Notably, obese individuals tend to exhibit lower BDNF levels, potentially contributing to cognitive decline. Physical exercise offers health benefits, including improved circulating BDNF levels and cognitive function, but the specific impacts of acute versus regular exercise on circulating BDNF levels in obesity are unclear. Understanding this can guide interventions to enhance brain health and counter potential cognitive decline in obese individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of acute and regular physical exercise on circulating BDNF in individuals with obesity. The target population comprised individuals classified as overweight or obese, encompassing both acute and chronic protocols involving all training methods. A comprehensive search was conducted across computerized databases, including PubMed, Academic Search Complete, and Web of Science, in August 2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Initially, 98 studies were identified, from which 16 studies, comprising 23 trials, met the selection criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for both acute (I2 = 80.4%) and long-term effects (I2 = 88.7%), but low risk of bias for the included studies. A single session of exercise increased circulating BDNF levels among obese patients compared to the control group (ES = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.19 to 2.30, p = 0.021). However, with extended periods of physical exercise, there was no significant increase in circulating BDNF levels when compared to the control group (ES = 0.49, 95% CI = -0.08 to 1.06, p = 0.089). These findings highlight the need to consider exercise duration and type when studying neurobiological responses in obesity and exercise research. The study's results have implications for exercise prescription in obesity management and highlight the need for tailored interventions to optimize neurotrophic responses. Future research should focus on elucidating the adaptive mechanisms and exploring novel strategies to enhance BDNF modulation through exercise in this population. However, further research is needed considering limitations such as the potential age-related confounding effects due to diverse participant ages, lack of sex-specific analyses, and insufficient exploration of how specific exercise parameters (e.g., duration, intensity, type) impact circulating BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil İbrahim Ceylan
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago de Chile 7591538, Chile;
| | - Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
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9
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Naaktgeboren WR, Koevoets EW, Stuiver MM, van Harten WH, Aaronson NK, van der Wall E, Velthuis M, Sonke G, Schagen SB, Groen WG, May AM. Effects of physical exercise during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer on long-term tested and perceived cognition: results of a pragmatic follow-up study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:75-86. [PMID: 38285111 PMCID: PMC11062992 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) following chemotherapy is commonly reported in breast cancer survivors, even years after treatment. Data from preclinical studies suggest that exercise during chemotherapy may prevent or diminish cognitive problems; however, clinical data are scarce. METHODS This is a pragmatic follow-up study of two original randomized trials, which compares breast cancer patients randomized to exercise during chemotherapy to non-exercise controls 8.5 years post-treatment. Cognitive outcomes include an online neuropsychological test battery and self-reported cognitive complaints. Cognitive performance was compared to normative data and expressed as age-adjusted z-scores. RESULTS A total of 143 patients participated in the online cognitive testing. Overall, cognitive performance was mildly impaired on some, but not all, cognitive domains, with no significant differences between groups. Clinically relevant cognitive impairment was present in 25% to 40% of all participants, regardless of study group. We observed no statistically significant effect of exercise, or being physically active during chemotherapy, on long-term cognitive performance or self-reported cognition, except for the task reaction time, which favored the control group (β = -2.04, 95% confidence interval: -38.48; -2.38). We observed no significant association between self-reported higher physical activity levels during chemotherapy or at follow-up and better cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSION In this pragmatic follow-up study, exercising and being overall more physically active during or after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was not associated with better tested or self-reported cognitive functioning, on average, 8.5 years after treatment. Future prospective studies are needed to document the complex relationship between exercise and CRCI in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willeke R Naaktgeboren
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmie W Koevoets
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn M Stuiver
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Quality of Life, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H van Harten
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Neil K Aaronson
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Miranda Velthuis
- Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabe Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne B Schagen
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain and Cognition Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G Groen
- Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Ageing & Vitality, Rehabilitation & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Jiang Y, Cao H, Shu Q, Xu Z, Wang L, Guan Y, Wan J. Carotid artery stiffness induced by the fine particulate matter PM2.5 could be alleviated by exercise. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14488. [PMID: 37804046 PMCID: PMC11017402 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Department of NeurosurgeryRenji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao‐tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hai‐Bo Cao
- Department of NeurosurgerySuzhou Xiangcheng People's HospitalSuzhouChina
| | - Qin‐Qin Shu
- Department of Emergency MedicineShanghai No. 4 People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zheng Xu
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Department of NeurosurgeryRenji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao‐tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Li‐Ling Wang
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Department of NeurosurgeryRenji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao‐tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yan‐Jun Guan
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyShanghai Rui‐Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao‐tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jie‐Qing Wan
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Department of NeurosurgeryRenji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao‐tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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de Oliveira Segundo VH, de Azevedo KPM, de Medeiros GCBS, Mata ÁNDS, Piuvezam G. Association between sedentary behavior and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in children and adolescents: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299024. [PMID: 38442097 PMCID: PMC10914284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence in the literature suggesting that high time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) can reduce the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, an important neurotrophin that plays a role in modulating cognition, learning and memory. Children and adolescents usually spend many hours a day on SB, either sitting for a long time and/or using screen equipment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the associations between SB and BDNF levels in children and adolescents. METHODS This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO: CRD42023392246). The databases that will be searched are EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed. Cross-sectional and cohort studies conducted with children and adolescents (5 to 19 yr) that analyzed the association between SB and BDNF will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, methodological aspects, and main results will be described. Then, the risk of bias (assessed by STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa scales) and the level of evidence (assessed by the GRADE tool) from included studies will be evaluated. Sub-group analysis will also be performed. Two experienced reviewers will perform the studies selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will analyze the association between SB and BDNF in children and adolescents. The results will provide subsidies to better understand this relationship and will strengthen evidence-based practice for both health professionals and future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo de Oliveira Segundo
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Kesley Pablo Morais de Azevedo
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Ádala Nayana de Sousa Mata
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Piuvezam
- Department of Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Laboratory (Lab-Sys/CNPq), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
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12
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Song BX, Azhar L, Koo GKY, Marzolini S, Gallagher D, Swardfager W, Chen C, Ba J, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL. The effect of exercise on blood concentrations of angiogenesis markers in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:15-25. [PMID: 38147807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis is associated with cognitive decline in older adults. While exercise has been broadly associated with increased angiogenesis, the relevant mechanisms in older adults are not clear. Here, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between exercise and specific blood angiogenesis markers in older adults to better understand the relevant mechanisms. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for original reports of angiogenesis markers' concentrations in blood before and after exercise in older adults (≥50 years). Heterogeneity was investigated using sub-group analyses and meta-regressions. Of the 44 articles included in the review, 38 were included in the meta-analyses for five markers: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), e-selectin (CD62E), endostatin, fibroblast growth factor 2, and matrix metallopeptidase-9. VEGF levels were higher (SMD[95%CI]= 0.18[0.03, 0.34], and CD62E levels were lower (SMD[95%CI]= -0.72[-1.42, -0.03], p = 0.04) after exercise. No other markers were altered. Although more studies are needed, changes in angiogenesis markers may help explain the beneficial effects of exercise on angiogenesis in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xin Song
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laiba Azhar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Grace Ka Yi Koo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Marzolini
- KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clara Chen
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joycelyn Ba
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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13
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Paterno A, Polsinelli G, Federico B. Changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels after different exercise protocols: a systematic review of clinical studies in Parkinson's disease. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1352305. [PMID: 38444767 PMCID: PMC10912511 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1352305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) serum levels are reduced in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of exercise intensity, volume and type on BDNF levels in patients with PD. Methods: We searched clinicaltrials.gov, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science for both controlled and non-controlled studies in patients with PD, published between 2003 and 2022, which assessed Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor before and after different exercise protocols. Exercise intensity was estimated using a time-weighted average of Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET), while exercise volume was estimated by multiplying MET for the duration of exercise. Exercise types were classified as aerobic, resistance, balance and others. We computed two distinct standardized measures of effects: Hedges' g to estimate differences between experimental and control group in pre-post intervention BDNF changes, and Cohen's d to measure pre-post intervention changes in BDNF values for each study arm. Meta-regression and linear regression were used to assess whether these effect measures were associated with intensity, volume and type. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023418629. Results: Sixteen studies (8 two-arm trials and 8 single-arm trials) including 370 patients with PD were eligible for the systematic review. Selected studies had a large variability in terms of population and intervention characteristics. The meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in BDNF levels in the exercise group compared to the control group, Hedges' g = 0.70 (95% CI: 0.03, 1.38), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 76.0%). Between-group differences in intensity were positively associated with change in BDNF in a subset of 5 controlled studies. In the analysis which included non-controlled studies, intensity and total exercise volume were both positively associated with BDNF change. No difference was found according to exercise type. Conclusion: Exercises of greater intensity may increase BDNF levels in patients with PD, while the role of volume of exercise needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Paterno
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
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14
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Wu HY, Huang CM, Hsu AL, Chen CN, Wu CW, Chen JH. Functional neuroplasticity of facilitation and interference effects on inhibitory control following 3-month physical exercise in aging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3682. [PMID: 38355770 PMCID: PMC10866924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Preservation of executive function, like inhibition, closely links to the quality of life in senior adults. Although neuroimaging literature has shown enhanced inhibitory function followed by aerobic exercise, current evidence implies inconsistent neuroplasticity patterns along different time durations of exercise. Hence, we conducted a 12-week exercise intervention on 12 young and 14 senior volunteers and repeatedly measured the inhibitory functionality of distinct aspects (facilitation and interference effects) using the numerical Stroop task and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Results showcased improved accuracy and reduced reaction times (RT) after 12-week exercise, attributed to frontoparietal and default mode network effects. In young adults, the first phase (0 to six weeks) exercise increased the activation of the right superior medial frontal gyrus, associated with reduced RT in interference, but in the second intervention phase (six to twelve weeks), the decreased activation of the left superior medial frontal gyrus positively correlated with reduced RT in facilitation. In senior adults, the first six-week intervention led to reduced activations of the inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, and default mode network regions, associated with the reduced RT in interference. Still, in the second intervention phase, only the visual area exhibited increased activity, associated with reduced RT in interference. Except for the distinctive brain plasticity between the two phases of exercise intervention, the between-group comparison also presented that the old group gained more cognitive benefits within the first six weeks of exercise intervention; however, the cognitive improvements in the young group occurred after six weeks of intervention. Limited by the sample size, these preliminary findings corroborated the benefits of aerobic exercise on the inhibitory functions, implying an age × exercise interaction on the brain plasticity for both facilitation and interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ling Hsu
- Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Nan Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Changwei W Wu
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Horng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ho BD, Gullett JM, Anton S, Franchetti MK, Bharadwaj PK, Raichlen DA, Alexander GE, Rundek T, Levin B, Visscher K, Woods AJ, Cohen RA. Associations between physical exercise type, fluid intelligence, executive function, and processing speed in the oldest-old (85 +). GeroScience 2024; 46:491-503. [PMID: 37523033 PMCID: PMC10828155 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While much is known about the effects of physical exercise in adult humans, literature on the oldest-old (≥ 85 years old) is sparse. The present study explored the relationship between self-reported engagement in physical exercise and cognition in the oldest-old. METHODS The sample included 184 cognitively healthy participants (98 females, MoCA mean score = 24.81) aged 85 to 99 years old (mean = 88.49 years). Participants completed the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire and a cognitive battery including NIH-TB, Coding, Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop task. Three groups of participants - sedentary (n = 58; MoCA mean score = 24; 36 females; mean age = 89.03), cardio (n = 60; MoCA mean score = 25.08; 29 females; mean age = 88.62), and cardio + strength training (n = 66; MoCA mean score = 25.28; 33 females; mean age = 87.91) - were derived from responses on CHAMPS. RESULTS Analyses controlled for years of education, NIH-TB Crystallized Composite, and metabolic equivalent of tasks. The cardio + strength training group had the highest cognitive performances overall and scored significantly better on Coding (p < 0.001) and Symbol Search (p < 0.05) compared to the sedentary group. The cardio + strength training group scored significantly better on Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop Color-Word compared to the cardio group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest self-reported exercise in the oldest-old is linked to better performance on cognitive measures of processing speed and executive functioning, and that there may be a synergistic effect of combining aerobic and resistance training on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Duy Ho
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Joseph M Gullett
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Institute On Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - David A Raichlen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bonnie Levin
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kristina Visscher
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ronald A Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Kang D, Koh S, Kim T, Bressel E, Kim D. Circuit Training Improves the Levels of β-Amyloid and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Related to Cognitive Impairment Risk Factors in Obese Elderly Korean Women. J Clin Med 2024; 13:799. [PMID: 38337492 PMCID: PMC10856235 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of circuit training on β-amyloid, BDNF, and cognitive function in untrained obese elderly Korean women. Methods: The subjects for the study were aged 65-70 years and were each assigned to a circuit training group (EG, n = 12) or a control group (CG, n = 11). The 60 min combined exercise was performed 3 times per week for 16 weeks. The exercise intensity was progressively increased from a 40% heart rate reserve to a 70% heart rate reserve. The test data were analyzed using a paired t-test, an independent t-test, and a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and an alpha level of 0.05 was set for all tests of significance. Results: Group-by-time interaction effects were observed for β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01), and cognitive function (p < 0.05). Within the exercise group, significant differences were found in β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.001), and cognitive function (p < 0.05) when comparing across different time points. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences between groups in post-exercise β-amyloid (p < 0.05), change in β-amyloid (p < 0.05), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p < 0.01), and cognitive function (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, it is suggested that the circuit training used in this study could be an effective exercise method for improving the risk factors of cognitive impairment in obese elderly Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duwang Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhan Koh
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyu Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eadric Bressel
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Doyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Edman S, Horwath O, Van der Stede T, Blackwood SJ, Moberg I, Strömlind H, Nordström F, Ekblom M, Katz A, Apró W, Moberg M. Pro-Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), but Not Mature BDNF, Is Expressed in Human Skeletal Muscle: Implications for Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity. FUNCTION 2024; 5:zqae005. [PMID: 38706964 PMCID: PMC11065112 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise promotes brain plasticity partly by stimulating increases in mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF), but the role of the pro-BDNF isoform in the regulation of BDNF metabolism in humans is unknown. We quantified the expression of pro-BDNF and mBDNF in human skeletal muscle and plasma at rest, after acute exercise (+/- lactate infusion), and after fasting. Pro-BDNF and mBDNF were analyzed with immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Pro-BDNF was consistently and clearly detected in skeletal muscle (40-250 pg mg-1 dry muscle), whereas mBDNF was not. All methods showed a 4-fold greater pro-BDNF expression in type I muscle fibers compared to type II fibers. Exercise resulted in elevated plasma levels of mBDNF (55%) and pro-BDNF (20%), as well as muscle levels of pro-BDNF (∼10%, all P < 0.05). Lactate infusion during exercise induced a significantly greater increase in plasma mBDNF (115%, P < 0.05) compared to control (saline infusion), with no effect on pro-BDNF levels in plasma or muscle. A 3-day fast resulted in a small increase in plasma pro-BDNF (∼10%, P < 0.05), with no effect on mBDNF. Pro-BDNF is highly expressed in human skeletal muscle, particularly in type I fibers, and is increased after exercise. While exercising with higher lactate augmented levels of plasma mBDNF, exercise-mediated increases in circulating mBDNF likely derive partly from release and cleavage of pro-BDNF from skeletal muscle, and partly from neural and other tissues. These findings have implications for preclinical and clinical work related to a wide range of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, clinical depression, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Edman
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Oscar Horwath
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - Thibaux Van der Stede
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- The August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1172, Denmark
| | - Sarah Joan Blackwood
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - Isabel Moberg
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - Henrik Strömlind
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - Fabian Nordström
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - Maria Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Abram Katz
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
| | - William Apró
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Marcus Moberg
- Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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Ma SL, Tang KT, Lau NCT, Chiu CLH, Lin C, Lam LCW, Lee ATC. Effect of computerized cognitive training on mood, cognition, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in late-life depression - a pilot randomized controlled trial. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1287822. [PMID: 38298930 PMCID: PMC10827875 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1287822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to test the feasibility of a computerized cognitive training targeting executive dysfunction in late-life depression and to investigate its impact on mood, cognition, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Methods A total of 28 community-living Chinese individuals aged 55-75 with moderate-to-severe depression and cognitive symptoms (but without mild cognitive impairment or dementia) were recruited from a community centre in Hong Kong. Participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental (receiving computerized cognitive training) or the control group (receiving computer-based health education). Both programs lasted for one hour and were conducted twice a week for 6 weeks at the community centre. We assessed mood using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9), cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and serum BDNF levels at baseline and follow-up. We performed repeated measures analysis of variance to compare the differences in outcome changes between groups and correlation analysis to test if changes in mood and cognition correlated with changes in BDNF level. Results Our sample had a mean age of 66.8 (SD = 5.3) years, a mean HAM-D score of 19.4 (SD = 7.5), and a mean PHQ-9 score of 18.0 (SD = 6.3). No adverse effects were reported. Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in changes in HAM-D (-8.4 vs. -2.9; group difference = -5.5; p = 0.01), PHQ-9 (-6.6 vs. -0.6; -6.0; p < 0.001), MoCA (1.4 vs. -1.3; 2.7; p = 0.001), and serum BDNF levels (in pg/ml; 2088.3 vs. -3277.4; 5365.6; p = 0.02). Additionally, changes in HAM-D, PHQ-9, and MoCA scores correlated significantly with changes in BDNF level. Conclusion With computerized cognitive training improving mood and cognition and increasing serum BDNF levels in 6 weeks, it may serve as a safe and effective evidence-based alternative or adjuvant treatment for late-life depression. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/indexEN.html, identifier ChiCTR1900027029.
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19
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Grzelak N, Kaczmarek D, Mrówczyński W. Comparison of the effects of BDNF/TRKB signalling on metabolic biomarkers in the liver of sedentary and trained rats with normal and knockout BDNF genotypes. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1268648. [PMID: 38152248 PMCID: PMC10751318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1268648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the modulation of metabolic processes in the liver is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether hepatic concentrations or activities of metabolic biomarkers depend on altered BDNF/TrkB content in the liver, resulting from different BDNF genotypes of rats. In addition, it was assessed whether 5-week moderate endurance training modifies the levels of BDNF/Trk-B signaling and studied hepatic markers. Methods: Experiments were performed on wild-type and heterozygous BDNF knockout (HET, SD-Bdnf) rats, which were divided into four groups: control with normal genotype (Bdnf+/+), control with BDNF knockout genotype (Bdnf+/-), trained with normal genotype (Bdnf+/+T) and trained with BDNF knockout genotype (Bdnf +/-T). BDNF/TrkB concentrations as well as selected metabolic biomarkers including lipids-total cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG); enzymes-alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP); hormones-insulin (INS) and leptin (LEPT) as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) as regeneration indicator were measured directly in liver homogenates. Results and Discussion: The study showed that Bdnf+/- rats exhibited reduced BDNF/TrkB signaling (BDNF, p < 0.0001; Trk-B, p = 0.0005), altered lipid levels (CHOL, p < 0.0001; LDL, p < 0.0001; TG, p = 0.0006) and reduced hepatic ALAT (p = 0.0004) and GGT (p < 0.0001) activity, which may contribute to hepatic steatosis and obesity, as well as indicate impairment of specific metabolic pathways in the liver. Interestingly, endurance training did not alter hepatic BDNF and TrkB content, but improved ALAT (p = 0.0366) and ASAT (p = 0.0191) activities and increased hepatic IL-6 (p = 0.0422) levels in Bdnf +/- rats, suggesting enhanced liver regeneration in animals with BDNF allele loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Grzelak
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dominik Kaczmarek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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20
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ALTUN M, BALCAN E, BATIR S, GÖKMEN MH, ÖZGÜNEŞ Ş, ÖZTEL Z. Acute responses of strength-related gene expressions to maximum strength and force sense acuity. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 54:148-156. [PMID: 38812641 PMCID: PMC11031174 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Although high muscle strength worsens the sense of force, it is unknown whether there is a relationship between this deterioration and the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study examined the relationship between decreased force sense (FS) acuity and strength-related gene expressions. Materials and methods Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and FS (50% MVIC) tests were performed on the knee joints of twenty-two subjects. The expression analyses were evaluated by qRT-PCR in blood samples taken before, after MVIC, after 50% MVIC, and 15 min after the test. Results MVIC and FS error values were significantly correlated with each other (r = .659, p = .001). The qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that the expressed mRNAs of the interleukin 6 (IL-6), alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR) genes dramatically increased until 50% MVIC and subsequently decreased 15 min after the exercise (p < .05). The muscle-specific creatine kinase (CKMM), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), and G-protein β3 subunit (GNB3) genes reached their peak expression levels 30 min after MVIC (p < .05). ACE and ACTN3 gene expression increased significantly in parallel with the increased FS error (p < .05). These gene expression fluctuations observed at 50% MVIC and after the rest could be related to changes in cellular metabolism leading to fatigue. Conclusion The time points of gene expression levels during exercise need to be considered. The force acuity of those whose maximal force develops too much may deteriorate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muammer ALTUN
- Department of Training Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
| | - Erdal BALCAN
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science and Art, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
| | - Sevinç BATIR
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science and Art, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
| | - Mehmet Hilmi GÖKMEN
- Department of Training Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
| | - Şule ÖZGÜNEŞ
- Department of Training Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
| | - Zübeyde ÖZTEL
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science and Art, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa,
Turkiye
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21
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Ruimonte-Crespo J, Plaza-Manzano G, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Navarro-Santana MJ, López-Marcos JJ, Fabero-Garrido R, Seijas-Fernández T, Valera-Calero JA. Aerobic Exercise and Neuropathic Pain: Insights from Animal Models and Implications for Human Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3174. [PMID: 38137395 PMCID: PMC10740819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review explores the complex relationship between aerobic exercise (AE) and neuropathic pain (NP), particularly focusing on peripheral neuropathies of mechanical origin. Pain, a multifaceted phenomenon, significantly impacts functionality and distress. The International Association for the Study of Pain's definition highlights pain's biopsychosocial nature, emphasizing the importance of patient articulation. Neuropathic pain, arising from various underlying processes, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Our methodology involved a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, focusing on studies relating AE to NP, specifically in peripheral neuropathies caused by mechanical forces. The search yielded 28 articles and 1 book, primarily animal model studies, providing insights into the efficacy of AE in NP management. Results from animal models demonstrate that AE, particularly in forms like no-incline treadmill and swimming, effectively reduces mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity associated with NP. AE influences neurophysiological mechanisms underlying NP, modulating neurotrophins, cytokines, and glial cell activity. These findings suggest AE's potential in attenuating neurophysiological alterations in NP. However, human model studies are scarce, limiting the direct extrapolation of these findings to human neuropathic conditions. The few available studies indicate AE's potential benefits in peripheral NP, but a lack of specificity in these studies necessitates further research. In conclusion, while animal models show promising results regarding AE's role in mitigating NP symptoms and influencing underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, more human-centric research is required. This review underscores the need for targeted clinical trials to fully understand and harness AE's therapeutic potential in human neuropathic pain, especially of mechanical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ruimonte-Crespo
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Díaz-Arribas
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos José Navarro-Santana
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier López-Marcos
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Nebrija University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Fabero-Garrido
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Tamara Seijas-Fernández
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Setayesh S, Mohammad Rahimi GR. The impact of resistance training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and depression among older adults aged 60 years or older: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 54:23-31. [PMID: 37703686 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of resistance training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depression among older adults aged 60 years or older. METHOD Four electronic databases were systematically searched. RESULTS A total of 11 randomized controlled trials, with a pooled sample of 868 participants, met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated that resistance training significantly improved circulating BDNF levels (mean difference; MD: 0.73 ng/ml; 95% CI [0.04, 1.42]; p = 0.04). Additionally, resistance training was associated with significant improvements in depression (standardized mean difference; SMD: -0.38; 95% CI [- 0.62, -0.14]; p = 0.002). DISCUSSION These findings suggest that resistance training may be an effective intervention for improving BDNF levels and reducing depression symptoms in older adults. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Setayesh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sanabad Golbahar Institute of Higher Education, Golbahar, Iran
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23
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Bang-Kittilsen G, Egeland J, Ueland T, Andersen E, Bigseth TT, Holmen TL, Mordal J, Holst R, Engh JA. The relationship between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurocognitive response to physical exercise in individuals with schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 157:106356. [PMID: 37562099 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical exercise can improve neurocognition in individuals with schizophrenia, presumably by facilitating neuroplasticity. There is, however, large inter-individual variation in response. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been proposed to mediate these effects. The current aim was to investigate the sparsely studied relationship between peripheral resting BDNF and neurocognitive response to physical exercise in individuals with schizophrenia. METHOD The current study reports secondary analyses of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), ClinicalTrials.gov number 02205684, recently reported according to the CONSORT guidelines. Eighty-two individuals with schizophrenia (mean age 37 ± 14 years old, 61% men) were randomly allocated to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or a comparison group performing low-intensity active video gaming (AVG). Both interventions consisted of 2 sessions/week for 12 weeks. In previously published primary RCT analyses, HIIT and AVG showed comparable small to moderate improvements in neurocognition. We now address the inter-individual variability in neurocognitive response. We apply mediation and moderation analyses for repeated measures designs (MEMORE) and mixed effects models. RESULTS Baseline neurocognition was not significantly correlated with baseline levels of mature BDNF (baseline-mBDNF) or the precursor proBDNF. Nonetheless, baseline-mBDNF, but not baseline proBDNF, moderated the effect of exercise on neurocognition (p = 0.025) and explained 7% of the variance. The neurocognitive improvement increased with increasing baseline-mBDNF values. The moderating effect of baseline-mBDNF remained significant in a more complex model adding the moderating effects of exercise mode, sex, age, duration of illness and baseline VO2max on the outcome (neurocognition). Mean baseline-mBDNF significantly decreased from baseline to post-intervention (p = 0.036), regardless of exercise mode, differing by sex and associated with improved VO2max but not with change in neurocognition. A mediating role of mBDNF on the effect of physical exercise on neurocognition was not supported. Values of proBDNF mainly remained stable from baseline to post-intervention. CONCLUSION We found that baseline-mBDNF moderated the effect of physical exercise on neurocognition in individuals with schizophrenia and explained a small part of the inter-individual variation in neurocognitive response. Mean mBDNF decreased from baseline to post-intervention, regardless of exercise mode. A mediating role of mBDNF on the effect of exercise on neurocognition was not supported. The inter-individual variation in neurocognitive response and the complex role of peripheral BDNF in physical exercise is still to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Bang-Kittilsen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway.
| | - Jens Egeland
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
| | - Eivind Andersen
- Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of Southeast Norway, Horten, Norway
| | | | - Tom Langerud Holmen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
| | - Jon Mordal
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
| | - René Holst
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - John Abel Engh
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
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Wunram HL, Kasparbauer AM, Oberste M, Bender S. [Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER- UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023; 52:77-93. [PMID: 37851436 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression Abstract: In the context of adolescent depression, physical activity is becoming increasingly recognized for its positive effects on neuropathology. Current scientific findings indicate that physical training affects the biological effects of depression during adolescence. Yet the pathophysiology of adolescent depression is not yet fully understood. Besides psychosocial and genetic influences, various neurobiological factors are being discussed. One explanation model describes a dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) with a sustained elevation in cortisol concentration. Recent studies highlight neuroimmunological processes and a reduced concentration of growth factors as causative factors. These changes appear to lead to a dysregulation of the excitation and inhibition balance of the cerebral cortex as well as to cerebral morphological alterations. Regular physical training can potentially counteract the dysregulation of the HPA axis and normalize cortisol levels. The release of proinflammatory cytokines is inhibited, and the expression of growth factors involved in adult neurogenesis is stimulated. One should ensure the synergistic interaction of biological and psychosocial factors when designing the exercise schedule (endurance or strength training, group or individual sports, frequency, duration, and intensity). Addressing these open questions is essential when integrating physical activity into the guidelines for treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Lioba Wunram
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Kinderklinik Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Geteilte Erstautorenschaft
| | - Anna-Maria Kasparbauer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
- Geteilte Erstautorenschaft
| | - Max Oberste
- Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Bioinformatik, Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
| | - Stephan Bender
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Uniklinik Köln, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Deutschland
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25
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Delgado-Peraza F, Nogueras-Ortiz C, Simonsen AH, Knight DD, Yao PJ, Goetzl EJ, Jensen CS, Høgh P, Gottrup H, Vestergaard K, Hasselbalch SG, Kapogiannis D. Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles in blood reveal effects of exercise in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:156. [PMID: 37730689 PMCID: PMC10510190 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) in blood may be used to derive biomarkers for the effects of exercise in Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this purpose, we studied changes in neuroprotective proteins proBDNF, BDNF, and humanin in plasma NDEVs from patients with mild to moderate AD participating in the randomized controlled trial (RCT) of exercise ADEX. METHODS proBDNF, BDNF, and humanin were quantified in NDEVs immunocaptured from the plasma of 95 ADEX participants, randomized into exercise and control groups, and collected at baseline and 16 weeks. Exploratorily, we also quantified NDEV levels of putative exerkines known to respond to exercise in peripheral tissues. RESULTS NDEV levels of proBDNF, BDNF, and humanin increased in the exercise group, especially in APOE ε4 carriers, but remained unchanged in the control group. Inter-correlations between NDEV biomarkers observed at baseline were maintained after exercise. NDEV levels of putative exerkines remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that the cognitive benefits of exercise could be mediated by the upregulation of neuroprotective factors in NDEVs. Additionally, our results indicate that AD subjects carrying APOE ε4 are more responsive to the neuroprotective effects of physical activity. Unchanged NDEV levels of putative exerkines after physical activity imply that exercise engages different pathways in neurons and peripheral tissues. Future studies should aim to expand upon the effects of exercise duration, intensity, and type in NDEVs from patients with early AD and additional neurodegenerative disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Effect of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer Patients (ADEX) was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov on April 30, 2012 with the identifier NCT01681602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Anja Hviid Simonsen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - De'Larrian DeAnté Knight
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Pamela J Yao
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Edward J Goetzl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Research Department, Campus for Jewish Living, San Francisco, CA, 94112, USA
| | - Camilla Steen Jensen
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Høgh
- Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 1165, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Gottrup
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karsten Vestergaard
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Clinic, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Steen Gregers Hasselbalch
- Danish Dementia Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Salisbury DL, Li D, Todd M, Ng TKS, Yu F. Aerobic Exercise, Training Dose, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Effects and Relationships with Resting Plasma Neurotrophic Factors in Alzheimer's Dementia. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR DISEASES 2023; 2:351-366. [PMID: 39328309 PMCID: PMC11426414 DOI: 10.3390/jvd2030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Vascular health is increasingly recognized for its roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to investigate effects of exercise training, dose, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on neurotrophic factors in community-dwelling, older adults with mild-to-moderate AD dementia. Methods This was a pilot blood ancillary study of the FIT-AD trial. Participants in the parent study were randomized to 6-month aerobic exercise (AEx) or stretching control. For this ancillary study, resting plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) biomarkers were assessed at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Estimates of within- and between-group effect sizes were calculated (Cohen's d). Relationships of biomarker change with dose and CRF change were explored with multivariable linear regression and repeated measures correlations. Results The sample (n = 26, 18 AEx/8 stretching) averaged 77.6 ± 6.9 years old, with the majority being male (65.4%), and non-Hispanic White (92.3%); between-group effect sizes were generally small except for irisin (d = -0.44)), AEx group relative to stretching group. Associations of dose and changes in CRF with changes in neurotrophic biomarker were weak (r2 ≤ 0.025). Conclusions The effects of exercise on BDNF, irisin, IGF-1, and FGF-21 were heterogeneous in AD. Our findings need validation in future, adequately powered exercise studies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danni Li
- School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael Todd
- Edison College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Ted K. S. Ng
- Department of Internal Medicine & Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Edison College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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Blomstrand P, Tesan D, Nylander EM, Ramstrand N. Mind body exercise improves cognitive function more than aerobic- and resistance exercise in healthy adults aged 55 years and older - an umbrella review. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37558977 PMCID: PMC10413530 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-023-00325-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is often cited as a major factor contributing to improved cognitive functioning. As a result, the relationship between exercise and cognition has received much attention in scholarly literature. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses present varying and sometimes conflicting results about the extent to which exercise can influence cognition. The aim of this umbrella review was to summarize the effects of physical exercise on cognitive functions (global cognition, executive function, memory, attention, or processing speed) in healthy adults ≥ 55 years of age.Methods An umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses investigating the effect of exercise on cognition was performed. Databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception until June 2023 for reviews of randomized or non-randomised controlled trials. Full-text articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed and methodological quality assessed. Overlap within included reviews was assessed using the corrected covered area method (CCA). A random effects model was used to calculate overall pooled effect size with sub-analyses for specific cognitive domains, exercise type and timing of exercise.Results Database searches identified 9227 reviews. A total of 20 met the inclusion criteria. They were based on 332 original primary studies. Overall quality of the reviews was considered moderate with most meeting 8 or more of the 16 AMSTAR 2 categories. Overall pooled effects indicated that exercise in general has a small positive effect on cognition (d = 0.22; SE = 0.04; p < 0.01). Mind-body exercise had the greatest effect with a pooled effect size of (d = 0.48; SE = 0.06; p < 0.001). Exercise had a moderate positive effect on global cognition (d = 0.43; SE = 0,11; p < 0,001) and a small positive effect on executive function, memory, attention, and processing speed. Chronic exercise was more effective than acute exercise. Variation across studies due to heterogeneity was considered very high.Conclusions Mind-body exercise has moderate positive effects on the cognitive function of people aged 55 or older. To promote healthy aging, mind-body exercise should be used over a prolonged period to complement other types of exercise. Results of this review should be used to inform the development of guidelines to promote healthy aging.Trial registration PROSPERO (CDR 42022312955).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Blomstrand
- Department of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
- Futurum Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden.
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Dario Tesan
- Futurum Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
| | | | - Nerrolyn Ramstrand
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Kuang G, Halimitabrizi M, Edziah AA, Salowe R, O’Brien JM. The potential for mitochondrial therapeutics in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1184060. [PMID: 37601627 PMCID: PMC10433652 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1184060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the corresponding loss of visual fields. This disease is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, making early diagnosis and effective treatment paramount. The pathophysiology of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common form of the disease, remains poorly understood. Current available treatments, which target elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), are not effective at slowing disease progression in approximately 30% of patients. There is a great need to identify and study treatment options that target other disease mechanisms and aid in neuroprotection for POAG. Increasingly, the role of mitochondrial injury in the development of POAG has become an emphasized area of research interest. Disruption in the function of mitochondria has been linked to problems with neurodevelopment and systemic diseases. Recent studies have shown an association between RGC death and damage to the cells' mitochondria. In particular, oxidative stress and disrupted oxidative phosphorylation dynamics have been linked to increased susceptibility of RGC mitochondria to secondary mechanical injury. Several mitochondria-targeted treatments for POAG have been suggested, including physical exercise, diet and nutrition, antioxidant supplementation, stem cell therapy, hypoxia exposure, gene therapy, mitochondrial transplantation, and light therapy. Studies have shown that mitochondrial therapeutics may have the potential to slow the progression of POAG by protecting against mitochondrial decline associated with age, genetic susceptibility, and other pathology. Further, these therapeutics may potentially target already present neuronal damage and symptom manifestations. In this review, the authors outline potential mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies and discuss their utility for use in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Kuang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mina Halimitabrizi
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amy-Ann Edziah
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca Salowe
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joan M. O’Brien
- Perelman School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Medicine Center for Genetics in Complex Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Gökçe E, Gün N. The Relationship Between Exercise, Cathepsin B, and Cognitive Functions: Systematic Review. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:1366-1385. [PMID: 37202717 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231176980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Exercise has been shown repeatedly to improve cognitive functions. Many investigators have reported that peripheral signal molecules play an important role in regulating exercise-induced cognitive improvement. In this review we aimed to evaluate and clarify the literature to date that has focused on the relationship between Cathepsin B, cognitive functions, and exercise. We conducted a systematic review of the following databases from their inception until 10 April 2022: Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database. The search strategy was comprised of ("cathepsin b") AND (exercise OR "physical activity") AND (cognit*). We followed three different quality appraisal tools to ensure the quality of the included studies. Eight studies assessing the effects of exercise on peripheral Cathepsin B levels and cognitive outcomes were included. Half of these studies indicated that exercise increased peripheral Cathepsin B levels and improved cognitive function. Further carefully designed studies focusing on the effects of exercise on peripheral Cathepsin B levels and cognitive performance are needed to better comprehend the underlying mechanisms of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Gökçe
- Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Hospital, Sports Rehabilitation Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslişah Gün
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli, Turkey
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de Lucca MS, Pimentel MEO, Raimundo CKO, Henriques BD, Moreira TR, Cardoso SA, de Miranda DM. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in children and adolescents before and after stimulant use a systematic review and metanalysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110761. [PMID: 37044279 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with cognitive, social, and academic impairment. Neurotrophins, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD and response to stimulant treatment. This review aims to investigate the relationship between BDNF levels in ADHD before and after treatment with stimulants in childhood. METHODS This systematic review followed PRISMA-P guidelines and included 19 studies from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Capes Periodic, and Lilacs databases. The studies were evaluated for risk of bias and level of evidence. RESULTS There was no significant difference in peripheral BDNF levels in ADHD children before or after methylphenidate treatment. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in BDNF levels between children with ADHD and controls. DISCUSSION Understanding the role of BDNF in ADHD may provide insight into the disorder's pathophysiology and facilitate the development of biological markers for clinical use. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that BDNF levels are not significantly affected by methylphenidate treatment in ADHD children and do not differ from controls. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in children and adolescents before and after stimulant use: a systematic review". Number CRD42021261519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Silva de Lucca
- Department of Medicine and Nursing, Federal University of Viçosa, MG CEP 36.570 -900, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG CEP 30.130-100, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Bruno David Henriques
- Department of Medicine and Nursing, Federal University of Viçosa, MG CEP 36.570 -900, Brazil
| | - Tiago Ricardo Moreira
- Department of Medicine and Nursing, Federal University of Viçosa, MG CEP 36.570 -900, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Almeida Cardoso
- Department of Medicine and Nursing, Federal University of Viçosa, MG CEP 36.570 -900, Brazil.
| | - Débora Marques de Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG CEP 30.130-100, Brazil
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Illesca-Matus R, Ardiles NM, Munoz F, Moya PR. Implications of Physical Exercise on Episodic Memory and Anxiety: The Role of the Serotonergic System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11372. [PMID: 37511128 PMCID: PMC10379296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in investigating the effects of physical exercise on cognitive performance, particularly episodic memory. Similarly, an increasing number of studies in recent decades have studied the effects of physical activity on mood and anxiety disorders. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of the importance of regular physical activity for both mental and physical health. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Interestingly, recent findings suggest that the serotonergic system may play a key role in mediating the effects of physical exercise on episodic memory and anxiety. In this review, we discuss the impact of physical exercise on both episodic memory and anxiety in human and animal models. In addition, we explore the accumulating evidence that supports a role for the serotonergic system in the effects of physical exercise on episodic memory and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Illesca-Matus
- Laboratorio de Neurodinámica Básica y Aplicada, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Avanzada en Educación (CIAE), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Nicolás M Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Felipe Munoz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería para la Salud, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile
| | - Pablo R Moya
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
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KIM SUJIN, PARK DONGHO, LEE SANGHYUN, KWAK HYOBUM, KANG JUHEE. Contribution of High-Intensity Interval Exercise in the Fasted State to Fat Browning: Potential Roles of Lactate and β-Hydroxybutyrate. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1160-1171. [PMID: 36790381 PMCID: PMC10242519 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fat browning contributes to energy consumption and may have metabolic benefits against obesity; however, the potential roles of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) in fat browning remain unclear. We investigated the roles of a single bout of aerobic exercise that increases lactate and β-HB levels in the fasted state on the regulation of fat browning in rats and humans. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 24-h fasting and/or a single bout moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (40 min): sedentary (CON), exercise (ND-EX), fasting (FAST), and exercise + fasting (F-EX). Adult men ( n = 13) were randomly assigned into control with food intake (CON), exercise with intensity at onset of blood lactate accumulation in the fasted state (F-OBLA), and high-intensity interval exercise in the fasted state (F-HIIE) until each participant expended 350 kcal of energy. For evaluating the effects of exercise intensity in rats, we conducted another set of animal experiment, including groups of sedentary fed control, fasting control, and exercise with moderate-intensity or HIIE for 40 min after a 24-h fasting. RESULTS Regardless of fasting, single bout of exercise increases the concentration of lactate and β-HB in rats, but the exercise in the fasted state increases the β-HB level more significantly in rats and humans. F-EX-activated fat browning (AMPK-SirT1-PGC1α pathway and PRDM16) and thermogenic factor (UCP1) in white fat of rats. In rats and humans, exercise in the fasted state increased the blood levels of fat browning-related adipomyokines. In particular, compared with F-OBLA, F-HIIE more efficiently increases free fatty acid as well as blood levels of fat browning adipomyokines in humans, which was correlated with blood levels of lactate and β-HB. In rats that performed exercise with different intensity, the higher plasma lactate and β-HB levels, and higher expression of p-AMPK, UCP1, and PRDM16 in white adipose tissue of HIIE group than those of moderate-intensity group, were observed. CONCLUSIONS A single bout of aerobic exercise in the fasted state significantly induced fat browning-related pathways, free fatty acid, and adipomyokines, particularly F-HIIE in human. Although further evidence for supporting our results is required in humans, aerobic exercise in the fasted state with high intensity that increase lactate and β-HB may be a modality of fat browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- SUJIN KIM
- Department of Pharmacology and Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
| | - DONG-HO PARK
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
| | - SANG-HYUN LEE
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
| | - HYO-BUM KWAK
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
| | - JU-HEE KANG
- Department of Pharmacology and Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
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Piotrowicz Z, Czuba M, Chalimoniuk M, Langfort J. The Impact of Acute Mild Normobaric Hypoxia and a Single Bout of Exercise to Volitional Exhaustion on Cognitive Performance in Endurance and Strength-Trained Athletes: The role of BDNF, EP-1, Catecholamines and Lactate. J Hum Kinet 2023; 87:77-93. [PMID: 37559758 PMCID: PMC10407317 DOI: 10.5114/jhk/168282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine whether a single bout of exercise to volitional exhaustion, performed under moderate normobaric hypoxia (H), would affect psychomotor performance (PP) in differently trained athletes. For this purpose, ten strength-trained (S) athletes, ten endurance-trained (E) athletes and ten healthy men leading a sedentary lifestyle as a control (C) group performed voluntarily two graded exercise tests until volitional exhaustion (EVE) under normoxia (N) and H (FiO2 = 14.7%). We measured the peripheral level of the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), choice reaction time (CRT) and the number of correct reactions (NCR) as indices of PP. Psychomotor tests were performed at rest, immediately after the EVE and 3 minutes after the EVE. Venous blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after cessation of each EVE, and 1 h after each EVE. The results showed that the EVE significantly (p < 0.05) impaired CRT under N and H, and NCR under H only in the E group. The higher WRmax in the E compared to the S and C groups was associated with a significant (p < 0.005) increase in adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA). There were no significant differences between conditions (N vs. H) in the BDNF at rest and after exercise. The EVE impaired cognitive function only in the E group; higher involvement of the sympathetic nervous system, A and NA may also play a role in this phenomenon. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure to H did not have a negative impact on CRT or NCR. Moreover, BDNF did not improve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Piotrowicz
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Miłosz Czuba
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Chalimoniuk
- Department of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Biała Podlaska, Poland
| | - Józef Langfort
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Nath K, Ferguson I, Puleio A, Wall K, Stark J, Clark S, Story C, Cohen B, Anderson-Hanley C. Brain Health Indicators Following Acute Neuro-Exergaming: Biomarker and Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) after Pedal-n-Play (iPACES). Brain Sci 2023; 13:844. [PMID: 37371324 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Facing an unrelenting rise in dementia cases worldwide, researchers are exploring non-pharmacological ways to ameliorate cognitive decline in later life. Twenty older adults completed assessments before and after a single bout of interactive physical and cognitive exercise, by playing a neuro-exergame that required pedaling and steering to control progress in a tablet-based video game tailored to impact executive function (the interactive Physical and Cognitive Exercise System; iPACES v2). This study explored the cognitive and biomarker outcomes for participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normative older adults after 20 min of pedal-to-play exercise. Neuropsychological and salivary assessments were performed pre- and post-exercise to assess the impact. Repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed significant interaction effects, with MCI participants experiencing greater changes in executive function and alpha-amylase levels than normative older adults; within-group changes were also significant. This study provides further data regarding cognitive effects and potential mechanisms of action for exercise as an intervention for MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Nath
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
| | | | - Alexa Puleio
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
| | - Kathryn Wall
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
| | - Jessica Stark
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
| | - Sean Clark
- Gordon College, 255 Grapevine Rd, Wenham, MA 01984, USA
| | - Craig Story
- Gordon College, 255 Grapevine Rd, Wenham, MA 01984, USA
| | - Brian Cohen
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
| | - Cay Anderson-Hanley
- Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA
- iPACES LLC, 56 Clifton Country Road, Suite 104 (Box#11), Clifton Park, NY 12065, USA
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Trost W, Hars M, Fernandez N, Herrmann F, Chevalley T, Ferrari S, Gold G, Rizzoli R, Vuilleumier P, Trombetti A. Functional brain changes in sarcopenia: evidence for differential central neural mechanisms in dynapenic older women. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1015-1025. [PMID: 37029271 PMCID: PMC10149465 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) recently revised its definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, placing muscle strength at the forefront. The pathogenesis of dynapenia (or low muscle strength) is still not fully understood, but there is emerging evidence that central neural factors constitute critical determinants. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included 59 community-dwelling older women (mean age 73.1 ± 4.9 years). Participants underwent detailed skeletal muscle assessments for muscle strength defined by handgrip strength and chair rise time measurements using the recently published EWGSOP2 cut-off points. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was assessed during the performance of a cognitive dual-task paradigm, consisting of a baseline, two single-tasks (motor and arithmetic) and one dual-task (motor and arithmetic combined). RESULTS Forty-seven percent (28/59) of participants were classified as dynapenic. fMRI results revealed a differential recruitment of motor circuits in the brain during the dual-task condition in dynapenic as compared with non-dynapenic participants. In particular, while the brain activity during the single-tasks did not differ between the two groups, only during the dual-task non-dynapenic participants showed significant increased activation in dorsolateral prefrontal and premotor cortex, and in supplementary motor area as compared to dynapenic participants. CONCLUSION Our results point to a dysfunctional involvement of brain networks associated with motor control in dynapenia in a multi-tasking paradigm. A better knowledge of the link between dynapenia and brain functions could provide new impulses in the diagnosis and interventions for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Trost
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Behavioural Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mélany Hars
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland
- Division of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Fernandez
- Laboratory for Behavioural Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Herrmann
- Division of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Chevalley
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Serge Ferrari
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Gold
- Division of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - René Rizzoli
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Laboratory for Behavioural Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Trombetti
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
- Division of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Rozanski A. New principles, the benefits, and practices for fostering a physically active lifestyle. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 77:37-49. [PMID: 37030619 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
The modern environment has led to an increased risk and incidence of sedentary lifestyles. When physical activity (PA) becomes insufficient, pathophysiological pathways are invoked and the future risk for chronic diseases and premature mortality increases. As a consequence, since the 1970s governmental agencies and medical societies have published guidelines to promote PA. The 2018 Guidelines for Physical Activity for Americans contain important updated guidelines, but many of these guidelines are not yet sufficiently known by the public or health providers. In addition, to make use of these guidelines, they need to be integrated with optimal behavioral interventions. Accordingly, this narrative review critically assesses five tenets that stem from the 2018 Guidelines and illustrates how these tenets can be integrated with tools and techniques for motivating individuals to initiate and maintain a more physically active lifestyle. The first tenet indicates that there is no lower threshold of PA that must be obtained before health benefits begin to accrue. Second, it is no longer required that PA be obtained in bouts of 10 min or more to "count". Bouts of lesser duration also count. Pending further study, new accelerometry data suggest that vigorous intermittent PA of just 1-2 min may also benefit health, such as that acquired by stair climbing or carrying heavy groceries. This has led to a new concept of promoting "lifestyle physical activity". Third, excessive sitting is health damaging if it is not accompanied by sufficient daily life PA or accrues over long uninterrupted bouts. Fourth, it is essential to incorporate resistance exercises for optimal health and to promote successful aging. Fifth, a wealth of new evidence indicates that PA strongly protects and promotes all aspects of brain health and may improve cognition even after a single bout of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Rozanski
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America.
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Favole A, Testori C, Bergagna S, Gennero MS, Ingravalle F, Costa B, Barresi S, Curti P, Barberis F, Ganio S, Orusa R, Vallino Costassa E, Berrone E, Vernè M, Scaglia M, Palmitessa C, Gallo M, Tessarolo C, Pederiva S, Ferrari A, Lorenzi V, Fusi F, Brunelli L, Pastorelli R, Cagnotti G, Casalone C, Caramelli M, Corona C. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Kynurenine Pathway, and Lipid-Profiling Alterations as Potential Animal Welfare Indicators in Dairy Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071167. [PMID: 37048423 PMCID: PMC10093196 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Complete animal welfare evaluation in intensive farming is challenging. With this study, we investigate new biomarkers for animal physical and mental health by comparing plasma expression of biochemical indicators in dairy cows reared in three different systems: (A) semi-intensive free-stall, (B) non-intensive tie-stall, and (C) intensive free-stall. Additionally, protein levels of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) and its precursor form (proBDNF) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) specific activity were evaluated in brain samples collected from 12 cattle culled between 73 and 138 months of age. Alterations in plasma lipid composition and in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism were observed in the tie-stall-reared animals. The total plasma BDNF concentration was higher in tie-stall group compared to the two free-housing groups. Brain analysis of the tie-stall animals revealed a different mBDNF/proBDNF ratio, with a higher level of proBDNF (p < 0.001). Our data are similar to previous studies on animal models of depression, which reported that inhibition of the conversion of proBDNF in its mature form and/or elevated peripheral kynurenine pathway activation may underlie cerebral biochemical changes and induce depressive-like state behavior in animals.
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Grzelak N, Krutki P, Bączyk M, Kaczmarek D, Mrówczyński W. Influence of altered serum and muscle concentrations of BDNF on electrophysiological properties of spinal motoneurons in wild-type and BDNF-knockout rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4571. [PMID: 36941445 PMCID: PMC10027728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether altered serum and/or muscle concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can modify the electrophysiological properties of spinal motoneurons (MNs). This study was conducted in wild-type and Bdnf heterozygous knockout rats (HET, SD-BDNF). Rats were divided into four groups: control, knockout, control trained, and knockout trained. The latter two groups underwent moderate-intensity endurance training to increase BDNF levels in serum and/or hindlimb muscles. BDNF and other neurotrophic factors (NFs), including glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) were assessed in serum and three hindlimb muscles: the tibialis anterior (TA), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and soleus (Sol). The concentrations of tropomyosin kinase receptor B (Trk-B), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and myoglobin (MYO/MB) were also evaluated in these muscles. The electrophysiological properties of lumbar MNs were studied in vivo using whole-cell current-clamp recordings. Bdnf knockout rats had reduced levels of all studied NFs in serum but not in hindlimb muscles. Interestingly, decreased serum NF levels did not influence the electrophysiological properties of spinal MNs. Additionally, endurance training did not change the serum concentrations of any of the NFs tested but significantly increased BDNF and GDNF levels in the TA and MG muscles in both trained groups. Furthermore, the excitability of fast MNs was reduced in both groups of trained rats. Thus, changes in muscle (but not serum) concentrations of BDNF and GDNF may be critical factors that modify the excitability of spinal MNs after intense physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Grzelak
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, 27/39 Królowej Jadwigi St., 61-871, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Krutki
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, 27/39 Królowej Jadwigi St., 61-871, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Bączyk
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, 27/39 Królowej Jadwigi St., 61-871, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dominik Kaczmarek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Mrówczyński
- Department of Neurobiology, Poznań University of Physical Education, 27/39 Królowej Jadwigi St., 61-871, Poznań, Poland.
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Wang YR, Lefebvre G, Picard M, Lamoureux-Andrichuk A, Ferland MC, Therrien-Blanchet JM, Boré A, Tremblay J, Descoteaux M, Champoux F, Théoret H. Physiological, Anatomical and Metabolic Correlates of Aerobic Fitness in Human Primary Motor Cortex: A Multimodal Study. Neuroscience 2023; 517:70-83. [PMID: 36921757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has been shown to benefit various cognitive functions and promote neuroplasticity. Whereas the effects of PA on brain anatomy and function have been well documented in older individuals, data are scarce in young adults. Whether high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) achieved through regular PA are associated with significant structural and functional changes in this age group remains largely unknown. In the present study, twenty young adults that engaged in at least 8 hours per week of aerobic exercise during the last 5 years were compared to twenty sedentary controls on measures of cortical excitability, white matter microstructure, cortical thickness and metabolite concentration. All measures were taken in the left primary motor cortex and CRF was assessed with VO2max. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) revealed higher corticospinal excitability in high- compared to low-fit individuals reflected by greater input/output curve amplitude and slope. No group differences were found for other TMS (short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation), diffusion MRI (fractional anisotropy and apparent fiber density), structural MRI (cortical thickness) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NAA, GABA, Glx) measures. Taken together, the present data suggest that brain changes associated with increased CRF are relatively limited, at least in primary motor cortex, in contrast to what has been observed in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ran Wang
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Lefebvre
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maude Picard
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Arnaud Boré
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - François Champoux
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Théoret
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Silveira-Rodrigues JG, Campos BT, de Lima AT, Ogando PHM, Gomes CB, Gomes PF, Aleixo IMS, Soares DD. Acute bouts of aerobic and resistance exercise similarly alter inhibitory control and response time while inversely modifying plasma BDNF concentrations in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:1173-1183. [PMID: 36912948 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Impairments in several domains of cognitive functions are observed in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), often accompanied by low Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. Although aerobic and resistance exercise enhances cognitive functions and raises BDNF concentrations in several populations, it remained uncertain in T2DM subjects. This study compared the effects of a single bout of aerobic (AER, 40 min of treadmill walk at 90-95% of the maximum walk speed) or resistance (RES, 3 × 10 repetitions in eight exercises at 70% of 10-RM) exercise on specific cognitive domain performance and plasma BDNF concentrations of physically active T2DM subjects. Eleven T2DM subjects (9 women/2 men; 63 ± 7 years) performed two counterbalanced trials on non-consecutive days. Stroop Color and Word (SCW) task [assessing the attention (congruent condition) and inhibitory control (incongruent condition)], Visual response time (assessing the response time), and blood collection (for plasma BDNF concentrations) were performed pre and post-exercise sessions. With distinct magnitude, both AER and RES improved the incongruent-SCW (d = - 0.26 vs. - 0.43 in AER and RES, respectively; p < 0.05), RT(best) (d = - 0.31 vs. - 0.52, p < 0.05), and RT(1-5) (d = - 0.64 vs. - 0.21, p < 0.05). The congruent-SCW and RT(6-10) were not statistically different. Plasma BDNF concentrations were elevated 11% in AER (d = 0.30) but decreased by 15% in RES (d = - 0.43). A single session of aerobic or resistance exercise similarly improved the inhibitory control and response time of physically active T2DM subjects. Nevertheless, aerobic and resistance exercise sessions induced an opposite clinical effect in plasma BDNF concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G Silveira-Rodrigues
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
- Movement Laboratory, Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno T Campos
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - André T de Lima
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro H M Ogando
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
- Movement Laboratory, Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Camila B Gomes
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia F Gomes
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ivana M S Aleixo
- Movement Laboratory, Medicine School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danusa D Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Effectiveness of supplementation with date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) as a functional food on inflammatory markers, muscle damage, and BDNF following high-intensity interval training: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2023:10.1007/s00394-023-03125-9. [PMID: 36881179 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is one of the most effective protocols, even though acute HIIT causes inflammatory and oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of date seeds powder (DSP) during HIIT sessions on inflammation markers, oxidants and antioxidants, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), exercise-induced muscle damage, and body composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six recreational runners (men and women), aged 18-35 years, were randomly assigned to consume 26 g/day of DSP or wheat bran powder during HIIT workouts for a period of 14 days. At baseline, at the end of the intervention, and 24 h after the intervention, blood samples were obtained to determine inflammatory, oxidant/antioxidant, and muscle damage markers, as well as BDNF. RESULTS DSP supplementation resulted in a significant downward trend in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Psupplement × time = 0.036), tumor necrosis factor alpha (Psupplement × time = 0.010), interleukin-6 (Psupplement × time = 0.047), malondialdehyde (Psupplement × time = 0.046), creatine kinase (Psupplement × time = 0.045), and lactate dehydrogenase (Psupplement × time = 0.040) after the intervention, as well as a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (Psupplement × time ≤ 0.001). However, interleukin-10 (Psupplement × time = 0.523), interleukin-6/interleukin-10 (Psupplement × time = 0.061), BDNF (Psupplement × time = 0.160), and myoglobin (Psupplement × time = 0.095) levels did not change significantly in comparison to the placebo group. Moreover, analysis demonstrated that DSP supplementation over 2 weeks had no significant effect on body composition. CONCLUSION During the 2 weeks of the HIIT protocol, the consumption of date seed powder by participants who had engaged in moderate or high physical activity alleviated inflammation and muscle damage. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of TBZMED (No.IR.TBZMED.REC.1399.1011). TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website ( www.IRCt.ir/ , IRCT20150205020965N9).
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Song BX, Azhar L, Koo GKY, Marzolini S, Gallagher D, Swardfager W, Chen C, Ba J, Herrmann N, Lanctôt K. The effect of exercise on blood concentrations of angiogenesis markers in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2468576. [PMID: 36711740 PMCID: PMC9882692 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2468576/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Physical exercise has positive impacts on health and can improve angiogenesis, which is impaired during aging, but the underlying mechanisms of benefit are unclear. This meta-analysis and systematic review investigated the effects of exercise on several peripheral angiogenesis markers in older adults to better understand the relationship between exercise and angiogenesis. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for original, peer-reviewed reports of peripheral concentrations of angiogenesis markers before and after exercise interventions in older adults (> 50 years). The risk of bias was assessed with standardized criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from random-effects models. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test, funnel plots, and trim-and-fill. A priori subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to investigate heterogeneity where possible. Results Of the 44 articles included in the review, 38 were included in meta-analyses for five proteins. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was found to be higher after exercise (SMD[95%CI] = 0.18[0.03, 0.34], p = 0.02), and e-selectin (CD62E) was found to be lower after exercise (SMD[95%CI]= -0.72[-1.42, -0.03], p = 0.04). Endostatin (SMD[95%CI] = 0.28[-0.56, 1.11], p = 0.5), fibroblast growth factor 2 (SMD[95%CI] = 0.03[-0.18, 0.23], p = 0.8), and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (SMD[95%CI] = -0.26[-0.97, 0.45], p = 0.5) levels did not change after exercise. Conclusions Of the five angiogenesis blood markers evaluated in this meta-analysis, only VEGF and CD62E changed with exercise. Although more studies are needed, changes in angiogenesis markers may explain the beneficial effects of exercise on angiogenesis and health in older adults.
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Verrall CE, Tran DL, Yang JYM, Lubans DR, Winlaw DS, Ayer J, Celermajer D, Cordina R. Exercise as therapy for neurodevelopmental and cognitive dysfunction in people with a Fontan circulation: A narrative review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1111785. [PMID: 36861078 PMCID: PMC9969110 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
People with a Fontan circulation are at risk of neurodevelopmental delay and disability, and cognitive dysfunction, that has significant implications for academic and occupational attainment, psychosocial functioning, and overall quality of life. Interventions for improving these outcomes are lacking. This review article discusses current intervention practices and explores the evidence supporting exercise as a potential intervention for improving cognitive functioning in people living with a Fontan circulation. Proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these associations are discussed in the context of Fontan physiology and avenues for future research are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Elizabeth Verrall
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek Lee Tran
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Yuan-Mou Yang
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Neuroscience Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Advanced Clinical Imaging Service (NACIS), Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Revalds Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - David Scott Winlaw
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Julian Ayer
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Celermajer
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachael Cordina
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Heart Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Haavik H, Niazi IK, Amjad I, Kumari N, Rashid U, Duehr J, Navid MS, Trager RJ, Shafique M, Holt K. The Effects of Four Weeks of Chiropractic Spinal Adjustments on Blood Biomarkers in Adults with Chronic Stroke: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247493. [PMID: 36556107 PMCID: PMC9786914 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain blood biomarkers are associated with neural protection and neural plasticity in healthy people and individuals with prior brain injury. To date, no studies have evaluated the effects chiropractic care on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in people with stroke. This manuscript reports pre-specified, exploratory, secondary outcomes from a previously completed parallel group randomized controlled trial. We evaluated differences between four weeks of chiropractic spinal adjustments combined with the usual physical therapy (chiro + PT) and sham chiropractic with physical therapy (sham + PT) on resting serum BDNF, IGF-II and GDNF in 63 adults with chronic stroke. Blood samples were assessed at baseline, four weeks (post-intervention), and eight weeks (follow-up). Data were analyzed using a linear multivariate mixed effects model. Within both groups there was a significant decrease in the mean log-concentration of BDNF and IGF-II at each follow-up, and significant increase log-concentration of GDNF at eight-weeks' follow-up. However, no significant between-group differences in any of the blood biomarkers at each time-point were found. Further research is required to explore which factors influence changes in serum BDNF, IGF-II and GDNF following chiropractic spinal adjustments and physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Haavik
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
| | - Imran Khan Niazi
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Imran Amjad
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Nitika Kumari
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Usman Rashid
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jens Duehr
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Samran Navid
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
| | - Robert J Trager
- Connor Whole Health, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Muhammad Shafique
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Kelly Holt
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand
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Piotrowska A, Gattner H, Adamiak J, Mętel S, Czerwińska-Ledwig O, Pilch W, Sadowska-Krępa E, Żychowska M, Uher I, Pałka T. Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Serum Levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cortisol in Young, Healthy Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16108. [PMID: 36498182 PMCID: PMC9736339 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vibration exercises on a platform (whole-body vibration, WBV), widely used in rehabilitation, sports medicine, and fitness, is an alternative to strength effort. The presented study assessed the effect of a 12-week cycle of vibration training on the serum concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cortisol in young women (trial ID: ACTRN 12621000114842). Volunteers were assigned to three groups: performing exercises on a vibrating platform (n = 17), performing identical exercises without a platform (n = 12), and passive control group (n = 17). The concentration of BDNF and cortisol was assessed four times: before the first training session, 5 min after it, also before, and 5 min after the last training session. There were no statistically significant changes in the groups or among groups for both substances. WBV in the presented form did not increase the secretion of BDNF and is not a stressful stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piotrowska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Halina Gattner
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Adamiak
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Mętel
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wanda Pilch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska Street 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Żychowska
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Chodkiewicza Street 30, 85-091 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ivan Uher
- Institute of Physical Activity and Sports, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tomasz Pałka
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Jana Pawła II Avenue 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
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Preliminary results of the cross-sectional associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with coronary heart disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19685. [PMID: 36385629 PMCID: PMC9669050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to analyze the association of accelerometer-measured patterns of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. A total of 30 individuals (M = 69.5 years; 80% men) participated in this pre-post study that aimed to test a multi-behavioral intervention. All participants underwent standardized measurement of anthropometric variables, blood collection, self-administered survey, and accelerometer-based measurement of PA and SB over seven days. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. We applied separate multiple linear regression analysis to estimate the associations of baseline SB pattern measures, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA with serum BDNF (n = 29). Participants spent 508.7 ± 76.5 min/d in SB, 258.5 ± 71.2 min/d in light PA, and 21.2 ± 15.2 min/d in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Per day, individuals had 15.5 ± 3.2 numbers of 10-to-30 min bouts of SB (average length: 22.2 ± 2.1 min) and 3.4 ± 1.2 numbers of > 30 min bouts of SB (average length: 43.8 ± 2.4 min). Regression analysis revealed no significant associations between any of the accelerometer-based measures and serum BDNF. The findings of this study did not reveal an association of accelerometer-measured PA and SB pattern variables with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. In addition, our data revealed a considerable variation of PA and SB which should be considered in future studies.
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Nhan K, Todd KR, Jackson GS, Van der Scheer JW, Dix GU, Martin Ginis KA, Little JP, Walsh JJ. Acute submaximal exercise does not impact aspects of cognition and BDNF in people with spinal cord injury: A pilot study. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:983345. [DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.983345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of acute submaximal exercise, based on the spinal cord injury (SCI) Exercise Guidelines, on cognition and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in people with SCI.DesignEight adults (7 males) with traumatic SCI volunteered in this pre-registered pilot study. In randomized order, participants completed submaximal intensity arm cycling (60% of measured peak-power output at 55–60 rpm) for 30 min or time-matched quiet rest (control condition) on separate days. Blood-borne BDNF was measured in serum and plasma at pre-intervention, 0 min and 90 min post-intervention. Cognition was assessed using the Stroop Test and Task-Switching Test on an electronic tablet pre- and 10 min post-intervention.ResultsSubmaximal exercise had no effect on plasma [F(2,12) = 1.09; P = 0.365; η² = 0.069] or serum BDNF [F(2,12) = 0.507; P = 0.614; η² = 0.024] at either 0 min or 90 min post-intervention. Similarly, there was no impact of exercise on either Stroop [F(1,7) = 2.05; P = 0.195; η² = 0.065] or Task-Switching performance [F(1,7) = 0.016; P = 0.903; η² < 0.001] compared to the control condition. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between years since injury and resting levels of both plasma (r = 0.831; P = 0.011) and serum BDNF (r = 0.799; P = 0.023). However, there was not relationship between years since injury and the BDNF response to exercise.ConclusionsAcute guideline-based exercise did not increase BDNF or improve aspects of cognition in persons with SCI. This work establishes a foundation for continued investigations of exercise as a therapeutic approach to promoting brain health among persons with SCI.
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Babiarz M, Laskowski R, Grzywacz T. Effects of Strength Training on BDNF in Healthy Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192113795. [PMID: 36360677 PMCID: PMC9658702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The physical improvements from strength and resistance training have been known for decades, but the cognitive benefits of this type of activity are not as well-known. The aim of this review article is to provide a summary of studies presenting the effects of strength and resistance training on BDNF in healthy young adults. A systematic search of various electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Google Scholar) was conducted in September 2022. Studies that examined associations between strength training and BDNF in healthy young adults aged 18-30 years were included. The final sample included 10 studies published between 2009 and 2020. The results of this literature review are inconclusive. Based on the results of the 10 studies, there is no clear answer as to whether strength training has positive effects on BDNF in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Babiarz
- Department of Physiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Laskowski
- Department of Physiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grzywacz
- Department of Sport, Institute of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 85-604 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Raharjo S, Rejeki P, Kurniawan A, Widiastuti, Taufik M, Siregar A, Harisman A, Andiana O, Hidayati H. Pattern of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels after acute interval exercise versus acute continuous exercise in obese adolescent females. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/cep220017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to lower cognitive function, while exercise is known to be beneficial in enhancing the cognitive function. Exercise is also known to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as the biological marker of cognitive function. This study aimed to analyse the pattern of serum BDNF levels after acute interval exercise (MIE) versus acute continuous exercise (MCE) in obese adolescent females. A total of 24 obese females were enrolled in this study and given acute interval exercise and acute continuous exercise with moderate intensity. The serum level of BDNF in all samples was quantified using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA, and LSD post-hoc test with a 5% significance level. The results revealed pre-exercise mean serum BDNF levels of 254.17±86.90 pg/ml (Control), 263.21±79.82 pg/ml (MIE) and 266.01±33.29 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.948). The mean serum BDNF levels at 10 min post-exercise were 248.84±44.42 pg/ml (Control), 397.00±31.36 pg/ml (MIE), and 582.82±79.24 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.000). The mean serum BDNF levels at 6 h post-exercise were 250.05±70.44 pg/ml (Control), 344.50±68.84 pg/ml (MIE), and 364.42±100.87 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.029). The mean serum BDNF levels at 24 h post-exercise were 244.20±48.55 pg/ml (Control), 252.49±89.11 pg/ml (MIE), and 250.99±65.86 pg/ml (MCE) (P=0.986). It was concluded that serum BDNF in obese adolescent females increased but transiently. Serum BDNF levels increased by acute exercise in both MIE and MCE at 10 min and 6 h post-exercise. However, serum BDNF level at 24 h post-exercise decreased close to the pre-exercise serum BDNF level in all groups. Further research is needed studying the effect of chronic exercise on the kinetics of serum BDNF levels in obese adolescent females.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Raharjo
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Malang, Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - P.S. Rejeki
- Physiology Division, Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - A.W. Kurniawan
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sports Sciences, State University of Malang, Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Widiastuti
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Jakarta, Pemuda No. 10, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia
| | - M.S. Taufik
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Teacher and Education, University of Suryakancana, Pasirgede Raya, Cianjur 43216, Indonesia
| | - A.H. Siregar
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sports Sciences, State University of Medan, Willem Iskandar, Medan 20221, Indonesia
| | - A.S.M. Harisman
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Malang, Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - O. Andiana
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Malang, Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - H.B. Hidayati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
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50
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Alfini AJ, Won J, Weiss LR, Nyhuis CC, Zipunnikov V, Spira AP, Liu-Ambrose T, Shackman AJ, Smith JC. Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Moderator of Sleep-Related Associations with Hippocampal Volume and Cognition. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1360. [PMID: 36291294 PMCID: PMC9599432 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to understand the associations of sleep and cardiorespiratory fitness with hippocampal volume and global cognition among older adults (n = 30, age = 65.8 years, female = 73.3%). Wrist actigraphy provided objective measures of nighttime sleep including sleep duration, average wake bout length (WBL; sleep disturbance), and wake-to-sleep transition probability (WTSP; sleep consolidation). Cardiorespiratory fitness was quantified via cycle exercise using a modified heart rate recovery approach. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine hippocampal volume and the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to assess global cognition. Fitness moderated associations of sleep with hippocampal volume and cognitive performance, whereby the association of WBL-an index of poor sleep-with hippocampal atrophy was stronger among less-fit individuals, and the association of sleep duration with cognitive performance was stronger among more-fit individuals. Across the fitness levels, a longer WBL was associated with lower cognitive performance, and a higher WTSP-an index of more consolidated sleep-was associated with greater hippocampal volume. Sleep and fitness were unrelated to the volume of an amygdala control region, suggesting a degree of neuroanatomical specificity. In conclusion, higher cardiorespiratory fitness may attenuate sleep disturbance-related hippocampal atrophy and magnify the cognitive benefits of good sleep. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso J. Alfini
- National Center on Sleep Disorders Research, Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Junyeon Won
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lauren R. Weiss
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Casandra C. Nyhuis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Adam P. Spira
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Alexander J. Shackman
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J. Carson Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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