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Wang L, Wu X, Wan Q, Yang Y, Gao C. Phloridzin reduces synovial hyperplasia and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis rat by modulating mTOR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:111727. [PMID: 38636369 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease and management of it still a challenge. Given report evaluates protective effect of phlorizin on RA and also postulates the molecular mechanism of its action. Bovine type II collagen (CIA) and Freund's incomplete adjuvant (1:1 and 1 mg/ml) was administered on 1st and 8th day of protocol to induce RA in rats and treatment with phlorizin 60 and 120 mg/kg was started after 4th week of protocol. Level of inflammatory cytokines and expression of proteins were estimated in phlorizin treated RA rats. Moreover in-vitro study was performed on Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and effect of phlorizin was estimated on proliferation, apoptosis and expression of mTOR pathway protein after stimulating these cell lines with Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). Data of study suggest that phlorizin reduces inflammation and improves weight in CIA induced RA rats. Level of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and expression of Akt/PI3K/mTOR proteins in the join tissue was reduced in phlorizin treated RA rats. Phlorizin also reported to reverse the histopathological changes in the joint tissue of RA rats. In-vitro study supports that phlorizin reduces proliferation and no apoptotic effect on TNF-α stimulated FLSs. Expression of Akt/PI3K/mTOR proteins also downregulated in phlorizin treated TNF-α stimulated FLSs. In conclusion, phlorizin protects inflammation and reduces injury to the synovial tissues in RA, as it reduces autophagy by regulating Akt/PI3K/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang City, Henan Province 473000, China.
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang City, Henan Province 473000, China
| | - Quanhui Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang City, Henan Province 473000, China
| | - Yuqiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang City, Henan Province 473000, China
| | - Chaojie Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang City, Henan Province 473000, China
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2
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Zeng S, Yu L, He P, Feng H, Wang J, Zhang H, Song Y, Liu R, Li Y. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the regulation of phlorizin synthesis in Lithocarpus polystachyus under nitrogen fertilization. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:366. [PMID: 38711037 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth and development. In Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd., a species known for its medicinal and food value, phlorizin is the major bioactive compound with pharmacological activity. Research has revealed a positive correlation between plant nitrogen (N) content and phlorizin synthesis in this species. However, no study has analyzed the effect of N fertilization on phlorizin content and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying phlorizin synthesis in L. polystachyus. RESULTS A comparison of the L. polystachyus plants grown without (0 mg/plant) and with N fertilization (25, 75, 125, 175, 225, and 275 mg/plant) revealed that 75 mg N/plant fertilization resulted in the greatest seedling height, ground diameter, crown width, and total phlorizin content. Subsequent analysis of the leaves using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) detected 150 metabolites, including 42 flavonoids, that were differentially accumulated between the plants grown without and with 75 mg/plant N fertilization. Transcriptomic analysis of the L. polystachyus plants via RNA sequencing revealed 162 genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, among which 53 significantly differed between the N-treated and untreated plants. Fertilization (75 mg N/plant) specifically upregulated the expression of the genes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and phlorizin synthase (PGT1) but downregulated the expression of trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (C4H), shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), and chalcone isomerase (CHI), which are related to phlorizin synthesis. Finally, an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome revealed that the increase in phlorizin after N fertilization was consistent with the upregulation of phlorizin biosynthetic genes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT‒PCR) was used to validate the RNA sequencing data. Thus, our results indicated that N fertilization increased phlorizin metabolism in L. polystachyus by regulating the expression levels of the PAL, PGT1, 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)-D-quinate 3'-monooxygenase (C3'H), C4H, and HCT genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that the addition of 75 mg/plant N to L. polystachyus significantly promoted the accumulation of flavonoids, including phlorizin, and the expression of flavonoid synthesis-related genes. Under these conditions, the genes PAL, 4CL, and PGT1 were positively correlated with phlorizin accumulation, while C4H, CHI, and HCT were negatively correlated with phlorizin accumulation. Therefore, we speculate that PAL, 4CL, and PGT1 participate in the phlorizin pathway under an optimal N environment, regulating phlorizin biosynthesis. These findings provide a basis for improving plant bioactive constituents and serve as a reference for further pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Zeng
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Longhua Yu
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Ping He
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xinyu University, School of Public Health and Health, Xinyu, 338004, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Huacong Zhang
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Yunxia Song
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China
| | - Yueqiao Li
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu, 336600, China.
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3
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Qian Z, Lei Q, Tang D, Tan G, Huang Q, Zhou F, Wang W. Rapid and green quantification of phloridzin and trilobatin in Lithocarpus litseifolius (Hance) Chun (sweet tea) using an online pressurized liquid extraction high-performance liquid chromatography at equal absorption wavelength method. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2513-2521. [PMID: 38587209 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Sweet tea is a functional herbal tea with anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and other effects, in which phloridzin and trilobatin are two functional compounds. However, the current methods for their quantification are time-consuming, costly, and environmentally unfriendly. In this paper, we propose a rapid method that integrates online pressurized liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography featuring a superficially porous column for fast separation. Moreover, we employ an equal absorption wavelength method to eliminate using multiple standard solutions and relative calibration factors. Our verification process corroborated the technique's selectivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, and detection limitations. Separately, our methodology demonstrated excellent analytical efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Practical application using six distinct batches of sweet tea samples yielded results in congruence with the external standard method. The analytical rate of this technique is up to over 18 times faster than traditional methods, and organic solvent consumption has been reduced to less than 1.5 mL. Therefore, this method provides a valuable way to achieve quality control and green analysis of sweet tea and other herbal teas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming Qian
- College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China
- Ruyuan Nanling Haoshanhaoshui Cordyceps Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, Guangdong 512000, China
| | - Qinggui Lei
- Ruyuan Nanling Haoshanhaoshui Cordyceps Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, Guangdong 512000, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Guoying Tan
- Ruyuan Nanling Haoshanhaoshui Cordyceps Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, Guangdong 512000, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Ruyuan Nanling Haoshanhaoshui Cordyceps Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, Guangdong 512000, China
| | - Fucai Zhou
- Guangxi Greenhealth Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hetai Science and Technology Park, No.9, Gaoxin No.4 Road, Nanning High-tech Zone, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Ruyuan Nanling Haoshanhaoshui Cordyceps Co., Ltd., Shaoguan, Guangdong 512000, China
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Hermes TDA, Fratini P, Nascimento BG, Ferreira LL, Petri G, Fonseca FLA, Carvalho AADS, Feder D. Trilobatin contributes to the improvement of myopathy in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Int J Exp Pathol 2024; 105:75-85. [PMID: 38477495 PMCID: PMC10951423 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) occurs due to genetic mutations that lead to a deficiency in dystrophin production and consequent progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle fibres, through oxidative stress and an exacerbated inflammatory process. The flavonoid trilobatin (TLB) demonstrates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Its high safety profile and effective action make it a potent therapy for the process of dystrophic muscle myonecrosis. Thus, we sought to investigate the action of TLB on damage in a DMD model, the mdx mouse. Eight-week-old male animals were treated with 160 mg/kg/day of trilobatin for 8 weeks. Control animals were treated with saline. Following treatment, muscle strength, serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, histopathology (necrotic myofibres, regenerated fibres/central nuclei, Feret's diameter and inflammatory area) and the levels of catalase and NF-κB (western blotting) of the quadriceps (QUA), diaphragm (DIA) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were measured. TLB was able to significantly increase muscle strength and reduce serum CK levels in dystrophic animals. The QUA of mdx mice showed a reduction in catalase and the number of fibres with a centralized nucleus after treatment with TLB. In the DIA of dystrophic animals, TLB reduced the necrotic myofibres, inflammatory area and NF-κB and increased the number of regenerated fibres and the total fibre diameter. In TA, TLB increased the number of regenerated fibres and reduced catalase levels in these animals. It is concluded that in the mdx experimental model, treatment with TLB was beneficial in the treatment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Anatomy, ICBFederal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Paula Fratini
- Department of PharmacologyCentro Universitário FMABC (FMABC)Santo AndréSao PauloBrazil
| | | | - Laís Leite Ferreira
- Department of Anatomy, ICBFederal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Giuliana Petri
- Department of PharmacologyCentro Universitário FMABC (FMABC)Santo AndréSao PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - David Feder
- Department of PharmacologyCentro Universitário FMABC (FMABC)Santo AndréSao PauloBrazil
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Ni T, Zhang S, Rao J, Zhao J, Huang H, Liu Y, Ding Y, Liu Y, Ma Y, Zhang S, Gao Y, Shen L, Ding C, Sun Y. Phlorizin, an Important Glucoside: Research Progress on Its Biological Activity and Mechanism. Molecules 2024; 29:741. [PMID: 38338482 PMCID: PMC10856272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phlorizin, as a flavonoid from a wide range of sources, is gradually becoming known for its biological activity. Phlorizin can exert antioxidant effects by regulating the IL-1β/IKB-α/NF-KB signaling pathway. At the same time, it exerts its antibacterial activity by reducing intracellular DNA agglutination, reducing intracellular protein and energy synthesis, and destroying intracellular metabolism. In addition, phlorizin also has various pharmacological effects such as antiviral, antidiabetic, antitumor, and hepatoprotective effects. Based on domestic and foreign research reports, this article reviews the plant sources, extraction, and biological activities of phlorizin, providing a reference for improving the clinical application of phlorizin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjia Ni
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Jia Rao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haiqi Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaqian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuchi Ma
- Jilin Aodong Health Technology Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China;
| | - Shoujun Zhang
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China;
| | - Yang Gao
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Liqian Shen
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Aodong Health Technology Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China;
| | - Yunpeng Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; (T.N.); (J.R.); (J.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Y.L.)
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6
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Saleh R, Abbey L, Ofoe R, Ampofo J, Gunupuru LR. Effects of preharvest factors on antidiabetic potential of some foods and herbal plants. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e269583. [PMID: 36722681 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.269583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with no definite treatment, but it can be controlled by changing lifestyle and diet. Consumption of high-fiber and nutrient-rich foods including vegetables have been shown to reduce risks of obesity and Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Also, many herbal plants have been associated with reduced risks of T2DM because of their composition of secondary metabolites. Antioxidant activities of some secondary metabolites have potent inhibitory effects against inflammation linked with insulin resistance and oxidative stress. More than 800 known medicinal plants are used to control diabetes and its relevant complications. However, variations in preharvest factors including plant genotype, growing medium properties, climatic factors, and management practices can influence plant growth and their accumulation of phytochemicals with health-promoting properties. However, the effects of these preharvest factors on the antidiabetic properties of plant secondary metabolites are neither explicit nor easily accessible in the literature. Therefore, this review aims to document recent studies that reported on under-exploited medicinal plants with antidiabetic properties. We reviewed several important preharvest factors that can potentially affect the synthesis of phytoconstituents which possess antidiabetic properties. This review will help identify gaps for future research in phytomedicine and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saleh
- Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant, Food, Environmental Sciences, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - L Abbey
- Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant, Food, Environmental Sciences, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - R Ofoe
- Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant, Food, Environmental Sciences, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - J Ampofo
- McGill University, Department of Bioresource Engineering, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - L R Gunupuru
- Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant, Food, Environmental Sciences, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
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7
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Wang G, Liu Z, Liang D, Yu J, Wang T, Zhou F, Chen W. Aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14402. [PMID: 36226981 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects and elucidate the mechanisms of aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (PSAE) on glucolipid metabolism during the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). C57BL/6J mice fed with 60% high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection to simulate the occurrence process of T2DM. PSAE was administered daily by oral gavage during the experiment. The results demonstrated the protective effects in mice supplied with PSAE on the indicators of glycolipid metabolism (body weight, fasting blood glucose, the area under the curve, hemoglobin A1c, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and liver triglyceride) compared with the Model group mice. Furthermore, PSAE can ameliorate insulin resistance in mice liver by activating phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway signaling. Overall, our research suggested that PSAE can effectively regulate glucose and lipid metabolism during the development of T2DM as an alternative functional food. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease which is characterized by abnormal metabolism of glucose and lipoid and nowadays it has been one of the most representative chronic systemic progressive metabolic diseases. Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese galenical and it also can be used as food ingredients. PSAE is the aqueous extract of Polygonatum sibiricum. 34% polysaccharides were detected in PSAE and it can effectively regulate glucose and lipid metabolism during the development of T2DM in mice. Thus, PSAE might be a promising functional food for regulation of glucolipid metabolism and the study also provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of food about Polygonatum sibiricum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjun Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengxiang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Di Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinchuan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fuding Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhang Q, Wang L, Zhao Y. An Overview of Lithocarpus polystachyus, with Dihydrochalcones as Natural-Derived Bioactive Compounds. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qili Zhang
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zi bo, China
| | - Li Wang
- Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Deparment, Jinan Center for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zi bo, China
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Mao Q, Hu B, Agathokleous E, Wang L, Koike T, Ma M, Rennenberg H. Biochar application improves karstic lime soil physicochemical properties and enzymes activity and enhances sweet tea seedlings physiological performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154815. [PMID: 35341840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Karst lime soil, commonly found in rocky desert ecosystems of Southwest China, exhibits high pH, poor water retention, and intense erosion. To prevent further soil erosion and soil losses from these ecosystems, stabilization measures based on improved green infrastructure are needed. The present study aimed at elucidating the performance of sweet tea (Lithocarpus polystachyus) seedlings grown on this soil type upon biochar application. Biochar was classified into different particle sizes, viz. 0.25-0.5 mm (medium), 0.5-1 mm (coarse), 1-2 mm (gravel), and their mixture, and added at the concentrations of 1, 2, or 5% soil mass. The pH, moisture, and porosity of soil increased upon biochar application compared to control; however, soil bulk density significantly decreased. The activity of soil phosphatase was increased by biochar particle size. Biochar particle size and concentration significantly enhanced the soil organic carbon content, but they differently affected total and plant-available nutrients in the soil. Light-saturated photosynthesis was positively affected, while stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration, and the intercellular CO2 concentrations of sweet tea leaves were negatively affected by biochar particle size and/or concentration compared to control. Leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein contents were increased by biochar application. From these results, we conclude that biochar can improve soil properties and the performance of sweet tea seedlings grown on Karst lime soil. We suggest its application at a concentration of 2% soil mass for keeping a high physiological performance of sweet tea seedlings in this environment. The selection of the ideal particle size is context-specific and depends on the target outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhi Mao
- Center of Molecular Ecological Physiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Center of Molecular Ecological Physiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Lina Wang
- Center of Molecular Ecological Physiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Takayoshi Koike
- Urban Ecology of the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Beijing 100085, China; Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0608589, Japan
| | - Ming Ma
- Center of Molecular Ecological Physiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Center of Molecular Ecological Physiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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10
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Chen XM, Yang WQ, Wang X, Chen C, Qian ZM, Wang SM, Tang D. Effects of natural dihydrochalcones in sweet tea ( Lithocarpus polystachyus) on diabetes: a systematical review and meta-analysis of animal studies. Food Funct 2022; 13:5899-5913. [PMID: 35583219 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sweet tea (Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd.), a natural functional food highly rich in dihydrochalcones including trilobatin, phlorizin and phloretin, is reported to possess numerous biological activities especially for treating diabetes. Here, the aim of this systematical review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of dihydrochalcones in sweet tea (DST) on diabetes and summarize their possible mechanisms. We searched in eight databases including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, WanFang database, VIP database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Biology Medicine from Jan 2000 to Nov 2021 and ultimately included 21 animal studies in this review. A total of 10 outcome measurements including blood lipid indexes, blood glucose, insulin resistance indicators and oxidative stress biomarkers were extracted for meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software. DST significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), blood glucose (BG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in diabetic animal models. In summary, DST could treat diabetes by regulation of blood glucose/lipid metabolism, oxidative/carbonyl stress, inflammatory response etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wei-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | | | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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11
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Huang F, Luo L, Wu Y, Xia D, Xu F, Gao J, Shi J, Gong Q. Trilobatin promotes angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via SIRT7/VEGFA signaling pathway in rats. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2940-2951. [PMID: 35537702 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in the recovery of neurological function after ischemia stroke. Herein, we investigated the effect of trilobatin (TLB) on angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). The effect of TLB on angiogenesis after CIRI were investigated in mouse brain microvascular endothelium bEnd.3 cells and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced CIRI rat model. The cell proliferation and angiogenesis were observed using immunofluorescence staining. The cell cycle, expressions of cell cycle-related proteins and SIRT 1-7 were determined by flow cytometry and western blot, respectively. The binding affinity of TLB with SIRT7 was predicted by molecular docking. The results showed that TLB concentration-dependently promoted bEnd.3 cell proportion in the S-phase. TLB significantly increased the protein expressions of SIRT6, SIRT7, and VEGFA, but not affected SIRT1-SIRT5 protein expressions. Moreover, TLB not only dramatically alleviated neurological impairment after CIRI, but also enhanced post-stroke neovascularization and newly formed functional vessels in cerebral ischemic penumbra. Furthermore, TLB up-regulated the protein expressions of CDK4, cyclin D1, VEGFA and its receptor VEGFR-2. Intriguingly, TLB not only directly bound to SIRT7, but also increased SIRT7 expression at day 28. Our findings reveal that TLB promotes cerebral microvascular endothelial cells proliferation, and facilitates angiogenesis after CIRI via mediating SIRT7/VEGFA signaling pathway in rats. Therefore, TLB might be a novel restorative agent to rescue ischemia stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lingyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yujia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dianya Xia
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jianmei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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12
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Drug Discovery of Plausible Lead Natural Compounds That Target the Insulin Signaling Pathway: Bioinformatics Approaches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2832889. [PMID: 35356248 PMCID: PMC8958086 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2832889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The growing smooth talk in the field of natural compounds is due to the ancient and current interest in herbal medicine and their potentially positive effects on health. Dozens of antidiabetic natural compounds were reported and tested in vivo, in silico, and in vitro. The role of these natural compounds, their actions on the insulin signaling pathway, and the stimulation of the glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) insulin-responsive translocation to the plasma membrane (PM) are all crucial in the treatment of diabetes and insulin resistance. In this review, we collected and summarized a group of available in vivo and in vitro studies which targeted isolated phytochemicals with possible antidiabetic activity. Moreover, the in silico docking of natural compounds with some of the insulin signaling cascade key proteins is also summarized based on the current literature. In this review, hundreds of recent studies on pure natural compounds that alleviate type II diabetes mellitus (type II DM) were revised. We focused on natural compounds that could potentially regulate blood glucose and stimulate GLUT4 translocation through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. On attempt to point out potential new natural antidiabetic compounds, this review also focuses on natural ingredients that were shown to interact with proteins in the insulin signaling pathway in silico, regardless of their in vitro/in vivo antidiabetic activity. We invite interested researchers to test these compounds as potential novel type II DM drugs and explore their therapeutic mechanisms.
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13
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Identification, potency evaluation, and mechanism clarification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from tender leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. Food Chem 2022; 371:131128. [PMID: 34563970 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. known as Sweet Tea in China has attracted lots of interest for its good hypoglycemic effect and the potential as a hypoglycemic agent. Based on affinity separation-UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, 54 potential α-glucosidase inhibitiors were identified and 44 were structurally determined. Out of them, 41 were identified for the first time from this plant including flavonoids, fatty acids, triterpenes, alkaloids, and coumarins. Enzyme assays revealed that flavonoids exhibited higher inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase than others with astilbin (IC50 = 6.14 μg·mL-1), morin (IC50 = 8.46 μg·mL-1), and naringenin (IC50 = 10.03 μg·mL-1) showing 2- to 4-fold higher potency than the positive control acarbose. They were proved as reversible inhibitors with mixed inhibition mechanism. Ki (Ki') values and molecular dockings strongly supported the potency order of astilbin, morin and naringenin that showed in the enzyme assays.
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14
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Shi YL, Zhang YP, Luo H, Xu F, Gao JM, Shi JS, Gong QH. Trilobatin, a Natural Food Additive, Exerts Anti-Type 2 Diabetes Effect Mediated by Nrf2/ARE and IRS-1/GLUT2 Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:828473. [PMID: 35153796 PMCID: PMC8829035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.828473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and aberrant insulin signaling transduction play vital roles in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our previous research has demonstrated that trilobatin (TLB), derived from the leaves of Lithocarpus Polystachyus (Wall.), exhibits a potent antioxidative profile. In the current study, we investigated the anti-T2DM effect of TLB on KK-Ay diabetic mice and further explored the potential mechanisms. Our results showed that TLB significantly reduced the high fasting blood glucose level and insulin resistance and promoted the tolerances to exogenous glucose and insulin in KK-Ay mice. Moreover, TLB reduced the content of reactive oxygen species; enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities, including serum catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase; and regulated the abnormal parameters of lipid metabolism, including triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and free fatty acid, as evidenced by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, TLB markedly ameliorated the pancreatic islet morphology near normal and increased the insulin expression of the islet. Whereafter, TLB promoted Nrf2 that was translocated from cytoplasm to nucleus. Moreover, it increased the protein expressions of HO-1, NQO-1, and GLUT-2, and phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3βSer 9 and decreased the protein expressions of keap1 and phosphorylation levels of IRS-1Ser 307 and GSK-3βTyr 216. Taken together, our findings reveal that TLB exhibits an anti-T2DM effect in KK-Ay mice by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and regulating insulin signaling transduction pathway, and TLB is promising to be developed into a novel candidate for the treatment of T2DM in clinic due to its favorable druggability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yue-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Huan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jian-Mei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi-Hai Gong
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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15
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Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide on Decreasing Serum Amyloid A3 Expression through Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:7847135. [PMID: 35132370 PMCID: PMC8817866 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7847135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) as one of the main bioactive constituents of the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (LBL.) has many pharmacological activities, but its antihyperglycemic activity is not fully understood yet. This study investigated the hypoglycemic and renal protective effects of LBP on high-fat diet/streptozotocin- (HFD/STZ-) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice. Blood glucose was assessed before and after 8-week administration of LBP, and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated for evaluating the antidiabetic effect of LBP. Additionally, serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine microalbumin were tested to evaluate the renal function. HE and PAS stainings were performed to evaluate the morphology and injury of the kidney. The results showed that LBP significantly reduces the glucose level and ameliorates the insulin resistance of diabetic mice. Importantly, LBP improves renal function by lowering the levels of sCr, BUN, and microalbumin in diabetic mice and relieves the injury in the renal glomeruli and tubules of the DN mice. Furthermore, LBP attenuates renal inflammation as evidenced by downregulating the mRNA levels of TNFα, IL1 β, IL6, and SAA3 in the renal cortex, as well as reducing the elevated circulating level and protein depositions of SAA3 in the kidney. In addition, our western blot results showed that NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκBα) occurred during the progress of inflammation, and such activated signaling was restrained by LBP. In conclusion, our findings suggest that LBP is a potential antidiabetic agent, which ameliorates the inflammation in DN through inhibiting NF-κB activation.
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16
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Small-Molecule HIV Entry Inhibitors Targeting gp120 and gp41. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1366:27-43. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8702-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Mata-Torres G, Andrade-Cetto A, Espinoza-Hernández F. Approaches to Decrease Hyperglycemia by Targeting Impaired Hepatic Glucose Homeostasis Using Medicinal Plants. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:809994. [PMID: 35002743 PMCID: PMC8733686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.809994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver plays a pivotal role in maintaining blood glucose levels through complex processes which involve the disposal, storage, and endogenous production of this carbohydrate. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating hepatic glucose production and glucose storage as glycogen, thus abnormalities in its function lead to hyperglycemia in obese or diabetic patients because of higher production rates and lower capacity to store glucose. In this context, two different but complementary therapeutic approaches can be highlighted to avoid the hyperglycemia generated by the hepatic insulin resistance: 1) enhancing insulin function by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, one of the main enzymes that disrupt the insulin signal, and 2) direct regulation of key enzymes involved in hepatic glucose production and glycogen synthesis/breakdown. It is recognized that medicinal plants are a valuable source of molecules with special properties and a wide range of scaffolds that can improve hepatic glucose metabolism. Some molecules, especially phenolic compounds and terpenoids, exhibit a powerful inhibitory capacity on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and decrease the expression or activity of the key enzymes involved in the gluconeogenic pathway, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase or glucose 6-phosphatase. This review shed light on the progress made in the past 7 years in medicinal plants capable of improving hepatic glucose homeostasis through the two proposed approaches. We suggest that Coreopsis tinctoria, Lithocarpus polystachyus, and Panax ginseng can be good candidates for developing herbal medicines or phytomedicines that target inhibition of hepatic glucose output as they can modulate the activity of PTP-1B, the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, and the glycogen content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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Zhao T, Guo Y, Ji H, Mao G, Feng W, Chen Y, Wu X, Yang L. Short-term exposure to acrylamide exacerbated metabolic disorders and increased metabolic toxicity susceptibility on adult male mice with diabetes. Toxicol Lett 2021; 356:41-53. [PMID: 34896238 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine metabolic disorder, and previous studies have shown that diabetics are more sensitive to the toxic environmental contaminants. Acrylamide (ACR) is both an industrially multipurpose compound and a common endogenous food contaminant to which people are frequently exposed and at high risk. However, the toxicity of ACR on diabetes hasn't attracted much attention. In this study, both healthy mice and diabetic mice received ACR administration orally to investigate the ACR-induced metabolic toxicity, mechanism and susceptibility to ACR toxicity in adult diabetic male mice. The results showed that ACR significantly increased FBG level and decreased bodyweight, serum lipid and liver lipid biomarkers (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C) levels as well as expression of lipid and glucose metabolism-related genes in diabetic mice, indicating that ACR can exacerbate metabolic disorders of glucose and lipid in diabetic male mice. Moreover, ACR exposure significantly increased levels of MDA and COX-2), decreased GSH level and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH-PX and CAT) by downregulating expression of Nrf2 and Keap1 in diabetic mice. Factorial analysis showed ACR had a more significant disturbance in diabetic mice compared with healthy mice. Our results indicated that ACR exposure can cause oxidative stress and inflammatory damage, which can exacerbate abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. This work helps to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of ACR-induced metabolic toxicity in adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuchao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongchen Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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19
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Wei WW, Wu P, You XY, Xue JH, Xu LX, Wei XY. Dihydrochalcones from the leaves of Lithocarpus litseifolius. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:819-824. [PMID: 32646247 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1786067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three new phlorizin derivatives, 6"-O-vanilloylphlorizin (1), 6"-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)phlorizin (2), 6"-O-feruloylphlorizin (3), along with four known dihydrochalcones, phlorizin (4), 3-hydroxyphlorizin, trilobatin, and 6"-O-acetylphlorizin were isolated from the leaves of Lithocarpus litseifolius. Their structures were established by analysis of extensive spectroscopic data. The new compounds were shown to be non-cytotoxic when tested against A549, HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Department of Biotechnology, Huizhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Huizhou 516023, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiao-Yin You
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jing-Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liang-Xiong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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20
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Choi MY, Lim SJ, Kim MJ, Wee YM, Kwon H, Jung CH, Kim YH, Han DJ, Shin S. Islet isograft transplantation improves insulin sensitivity in a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2021; 72:660-671. [PMID: 33713015 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes develops in the presence of chronic overnutrition and genetic susceptibility, and causes insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. We hypothesized that islet transplantation can improve insulin sensitivity by modifying the mediators of insulin sensitivity in the pancreas, liver, muscle, and adipose tissues. METHODS Eight-week-old male mice were used as both recipients and donors in this study. To induce type 2 diabetes with partial β-cell failure, the mice were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and then injected with low-dose streptozotocin. Approximately 400 islet cells from a donor mouse were injected into the renal capsule of a recipient mouse for islet transplantation. After 6 weeks following transplantation, the mediators of insulin sensitivity in the pancreas, liver, muscle, and adipose tissues were quantitatively compared between islet-transplanted and non-transplanted groups. RESULTS Intravenous glucose tolerance test showed that whereas the non-transplanted mice failed to show notable reductions in the glucose level, the islet-transplanted mice showed significant reductions in the serum glucose level to ~200 mg/dL at 6 weeks after islet transplantation. The islet-transplanted mice showed significantly higher Matsuda index and significantly lower HOMA-IR than did the non-transplanted mice, thus signifying improved insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Islet transplantation resulted in improvements in multiple indices of insulin sensitivity in a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Islet transplantation may be utilized to improve insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Young Choi
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jun Lim
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Joung Kim
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Mee Wee
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwook Kwon
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck Jong Han
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Shin
- Division of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Li W, Zihan X, Yizhe W, Yanyang L, Zhixi L, Xi Y. Trilobatin Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Stemness Phenotype of Acquired Gefitinib Resistant Lung Cancer Cells via Suppression of NF-κB Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:735-746. [PMID: 33860693 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1912368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Trilobatin is a common type of flavonoids compounds derived from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd leaves. Previous report suggests that trilobatin was potentially involved in pro-and anticancer, antioxidative and anti-hyperglycemic activities. Here, we investigated the anticancer efficiency of trilobatin on gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells. In this study, MTT assays, EdU incorporation assays, DAPI staining, tumor sphere formation assays, immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis were performed to explore the functional role of trilobatin on gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells. The results showed that trilobatin inhibits proliferation of gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells. In addition, the proportions of apoptotic cells were increased along with down-regulated expression levels of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial Cytochrome C while up-regulated Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3, -9, and cytosolic Cytochrome C expression. Moreover, trilobatin decreased tumor sphere formation and expression levels of multiple stemness markers (ALDH1, CD133, Nanog, and ABCG2) in gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells. Furthermore, investigation of the mechanism indicated that trilobatin suppressed activity of NF-κB via decreasing constitutive phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α in gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells. All these results indicate that trilobatin induces apoptosis and attenuates stemness phenotype of gefitinib resistant lung cancer cells, involved with, or partly, the suppression of NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Zihan
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yizhe
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Yanyang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhixi
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xi
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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22
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Zhang W, Chen S, Fu H, Shu G, Tang H, Zhao X, Chen Y, Huang X, Zhao L, Yin L, Lv C, Lin J. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of phlorizin from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd in diabetes rats. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1989-1996. [PMID: 33841817 PMCID: PMC8020910 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of phlorizin on sweet tea in rats with diabetes. Diabetic rat model was established by feeding with HFD (high-fat diet) and then treating with intraperitoneal injection of STZ (streptozocin). The experiments were divided into therapeutic and preventive experiments. In both experiments, rats were divided into normal, diabetic control, positive control, and phlorizin groups. Symptoms of diabetes, fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, serum lipid parameters, and pathological changes in the pancreas and liver were evaluated. It was found that the symptoms of diabetes were improved by phlorizin treatment. In addition, phlorizin could decrease FBG, improve serum lipid levels, protect against damaged pancreas islet, and decrease fat deposition in hepatic cells. These effects of phlorizin can be shown only attain to a certain dosage. It can be concluded that phlorizin has the therapeutic and preventive effects on hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in diabetes rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hualin Fu
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiangyue Huang
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lizi Yin
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Juchun Lin
- Department of PharmacyCollege of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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Guzmán TJ, Gurrola-Díaz CM. Glucokinase activation as antidiabetic therapy: effect of nutraceuticals and phytochemicals on glucokinase gene expression and enzymatic activity. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:182-193. [PMID: 31210550 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1627458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes represents an important public health problem. Recently, new molecular targets have been identified and exploited to treat this disease. Due to its pivotal role in glucose homeostasis, glucokinase (GCK) is a promising target for the development of novel antidiabetic drugs; however, pharmacological agents that modulate GCK activity have been linked to undesirable side-effects, limiting its use. Interestingly, plants might be a valuable source of new therapeutic compounds with GCK-activating properties and presumably no adverse effects. In this review, we describe biochemical characteristics related to the physiological and pathological importance of GCK, as well as the mechanisms involved in its regulation at different molecular levels. Posteriorly, we present a compendium of findings supporting the potential use of nutraceuticals and phytochemicals in the management of diabetes through modulation of GCK expression and activity. Finally, we propose critical aspects to keep in mind when designing experiments to evaluate GCK modulation properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereso J Guzmán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud/Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Carmen M Gurrola-Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud/Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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24
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The Bioavailability, Extraction, Biosynthesis and Distribution of Natural Dihydrochalcone: Phloridzin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020962. [PMID: 33478062 PMCID: PMC7835879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phloridzin is an important phytochemical which was first isolated from the bark of apple trees. It is a member of the dihydrochalcones and mainly distributed in the plants of the Malus genus, therefore, the extraction method of phloridzin was similar to those of other phenolic substances. High-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC), resin adsorption technology and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to separate and purify phloridzin. Many studies showed that phloridzin had multiple pharmacological effects, such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycaemic, anticancer and antibacterial activities. Besides, the physiological activities of phloridzin are cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antiobesity, antioxidant and so on. The present review summarizes the biosynthesis, distribution, extraction and bioavailability of the natural compound phloridzin and discusses its applications in food and medicine.
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25
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Govindarajulu M, Ramesh S, Neel L, Fabbrini M, Buabeid M, Fujihashi A, Dwyer D, Lynd T, Shah K, Mohanakumar KP, Smith F, Moore T, Dhanasekaran M. Nutraceutical based SIRT3 activators as therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104958. [PMID: 33444675 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and its incidence is increasing worldwide with increased lifespan. Currently, there is no effective treatment to cure or prevent the progression of AD, which indicates the need to develop novel therapeutic targets and agents. Sirtuins, especially SIRT3, a mitochondrial deacetylase, are NAD-dependent histone deacetylases involved in aging and longevity. Accumulating evidence indicates that SIRT3 dysfunction is strongly associated with pathologies of AD, hence, therapeutic modulation of SIRT3 activity may be a novel application to ameliorate the pathologies of AD. Natural products commonly used in traditional medicine have wide utility and appear to have therapeutic benefits for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. The present review summarizes the currently available natural SIRT3 activators and their potentially neuroprotective molecular mechanisms of action that make them a promising agent in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Logan Neel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Mary Fabbrini
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayaka Fujihashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Darby Dwyer
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Tyler Lynd
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Karishma Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, D.Y. Patil Medical College and Research Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Forrest Smith
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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26
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Liu M, Wang L, Li X, Wu Y, Yin F, Liu J. Trilobatin ameliorates insulin resistance through IRS-AKT-GLUT4 signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes and ob/ob mice. Chin Med 2020; 15:110. [PMID: 33062046 PMCID: PMC7552530 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trilobatin, a natural compound, has been found to exhibit anti-diabetic properties in high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic mice. But up to now no research has been reported on the effect of trilobatin on insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Herein, we determined the effects of trilobatin on insulin resistance in palmitate-treated C2C12 myotubes and ob/ob mice. Methods Male ob/ob mice (8-10 weeks) and same background C57BL/6 mice were used to evaluate the role of trilobatin on insulin resistance; protein expression and phosphorylation were measured by western blot; glucose uptake was determined a fluorescent test. Results Treatment with trilobatin prevented palmitate-induced insulin resistance by enhancing glucose uptake and the phosphorylation of insulin resistance substrate 1 (IRS1) and protein Kinase B, (PKB/AKT), recovered the translocation of GLUT4 from cytoplasm to membrane, but preincubation with LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, blocked the effects of trilobatin on glucose uptake and the distribution of GLUT4 in C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, administration with trilobatin for 4 weeks significantly improved insulin resistance by decreasing fasting blood glucose and insulin in serum, enhancing the phosphorylation of IRS1 and AKT, and recovering the expression and translocation of GLUT4 in ob/ob mice. Conclusions IRS-AKT-GLUT4 signaling pathway might be involved in trilobatin ameliorating insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of obese animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Lujing Wang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Xigan Li
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Yucui Wu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Fei Yin
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Hongguang Road 69, Ba'nan District, Chongqing, 400054 China.,College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
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27
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Shang A, Liu HY, Luo M, Xia Y, Yang X, Li HY, Wu DT, Sun Q, Geng F, Li HB, Gan RY. Sweet tea (Lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.) as a new natural source of bioactive dihydrochalcones with multiple health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:917-934. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1830363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xia
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Effects of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Conditions on Antioxidant Capacity of Sweet Tea ( Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080678. [PMID: 32751188 PMCID: PMC7464483 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of microwave-assisted extraction conditions on antioxidant capacity of sweet tea (Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd.) were studied and the antioxidants in the extract were identified. The influences of ethanol concentration, solvent-to-sample ratio, microwave power, extraction temperature and extraction time on Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) value, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value and total phenolic content (TPC) were investigated by single-factor experiments. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the interaction of three parameters which had significant influences on antioxidant capacity including ethanol concentration, solvent-to-sample ratio and extraction time. The optimal conditions for the extraction of antioxidants from sweet tea were found as follows—ethanol concentration of 58.43% (v/v), solvent-to-sample ratio of 35.39:1 mL/g, extraction time of 25.26 min, extraction temperature of 50 ℃ and microwave power of 600 W. The FRAP, TEAC and TPC values of the extract under the optimal conditions were 381.29 ± 4.42 μM Fe(II)/g dry weight (DW), 613.11 ± 9.32 μM Trolox/g DW and 135.94 ± 0.52 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW, respectively. In addition, the major antioxidant components in the extract were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), including phlorizin, phloretin and trilobatin. The crude extract could be used as food additives or developed into functional food for the prevention and management of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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29
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Chen N, Wang J, He Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Gong Q, Yu C, Gao J. Trilobatin Protects Against Aβ 25-35-Induced Hippocampal HT22 Cells Apoptosis Through Mediating ROS/p38/Caspase 3-Dependent Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:584. [PMID: 32508629 PMCID: PMC7248209 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence reveals that an aberrant accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) is the main reason of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Thus, inhibition of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity may be promising therapeutic tactics to mitigate AD onset and advance. The development of agent candidates by cultured neurons against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity is widely accepted to be an efficient strategy to explore the drug for AD patients. Previously, we have revealed that trilobatin (TLB), a small molecule monomer, derives from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd, possessed antioxidative activities on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in PC12 cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of TLB on Aβ-induced injury in hippocampal HT22 cells. The results demonstrated that TLB attenuated Aβ25–35-induced HT22 cell death, as evidenced by MTT assay and LDH release. Furthermore, TLB dramatically mitigated cell death after Aβ25–35 insulted via decreasing the intracellular and mitochondrial ROS overproduction and restoring antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as suppressing apoptosis. Of note, Aβ25–35 triggered increase in ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, phosphorylation of tau, JNK, p38 MAPK, and decrease in Sirt3 expression, whereas TLB reversed these changes. Intriguingly, TLB could directly bind to p38, as evidenced by molecular docking and p38 inhibitor. Taken together, the results reveal that TLB effectively protects against Aβ25–35-induced neuronal cell death via activating ROS/p38/caspase 3-dependent pathway. Our findings afford evidence for the potential development of TLB to hinder neuronal death during AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yingshu Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuchuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Changyin Yu
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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30
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Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Effects of the Light Quality, Light Intensity, and Photoperiod on Phlorizin Accumulation in Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10110995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. is an important medicinal plant species grown in southern China, with phlorizin as its main active substance. The effects of light conditions on phlorizin biosynthesis in L. polystachyus remain unclear. Thus, we analyzed the transcriptomes of L. polystachyus plants cultivated under diverse light qualities, light intensities, and photoperiods. The light treatments resulted in 5977–8027 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were functionally annotated based on the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Genes encoding transcription factors from 89 families were differentially expressed after the light treatments, implying these transcription factors are photoresponsive. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) are the key enzymes for the accumulation of phlorizin. The transcription levels of PAL2, PAL, 4CL1 (DN121614), 4CLL7, and 4CL1 (DN102161) were positively correlated with phlorizin accumulation, suggesting that these genes are important for phlorizin biosynthesis. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method was used to quantify the phlorizin content. Phlorizin accumulated in response to the green light treatment and following appropriate decreases in the light intensity or appropriate increases in the duration of the light exposure. The green light, 2000 lx, and 3000 lx treatments increased the PAL activity of L. polystachyus, but the regulatory effects of the light intensity treatments on PAL activity were relatively weak. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of the light-induced transcriptome of L. polystachyus. The study results may form the basis of future studies aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying phlorizin biosynthesis in L. polystachyus. Moreover, this study may be relevant for clarifying the regulatory effects of light on the abundance of bioactive components in medicinal plants.
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Transcriptome analysis revealed the mechanism of the metabolic toxicity and susceptibility of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on adolescent male ICR mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3183-3206. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Wang L, Liu M, Yin F, Wang Y, Li X, Wu Y, Ye C, Liu J. Trilobatin, a Novel SGLT1/2 Inhibitor, Selectively Induces the Proliferation of Human Hepatoblastoma Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183390. [PMID: 31540429 PMCID: PMC6767144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have indicated that Na+-d-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) inhibitors had anti-proliferative activity by attenuating the uptake of glucose in several tumor cell lines. In this study, the molecular docking showed that, trilobatin, one of the dihydrochalcones from leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd., might be a novel inhibitor of SGLT1 and SGLT2, which evidently attenuated the uptake of glucose in vitro and in vivo. To our surprise, we observed that trilobatin did not inhibit, but promoted the proliferation of human hepatoblastoma HepG2 and Huh 7 cells when it was present at high concentrations. At the same time, incubation with high concentrations of trilobatin arrested the cell cycle at S phase in HepG2 cells. We also found that treatment with trilobatin had no significant effect on the expression of hepatitis B x-interacting protein (HBXIP) and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α, the two key regulators of hepatocyte proliferation. Taken together, although trilobatin worked as a novel inhibitor of SGLTs to attenuate the uptake of glucose, it also selectively induced the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells, suggesting that not all the SGLT inhibitors inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells, and further studies are needed to assess the anti-cancer potentials of new glucose-lowering agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Wang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Fei Yin
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Yuanqiang Wang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Xingan Li
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Yucui Wu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Cuilian Ye
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Chongqing Key Lab of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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Tu LL, Sun Q, Wei LL, Shi J, Li JP. Upregulation of GABA receptor promotes long-term potentiation and depotentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2429-2436. [PMID: 31555354 PMCID: PMC6755275 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. A previous study has reported that an association exists between γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the hippocampus. The current study therefore aimed to assess the effect of the GABA receptor (GABA-R) on the long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation of the hippocampal CA1 region in mice with T2DM. Mice were divided into four groups: A normal group consisting of healthy mice and a GABA-R, negative control and blank group all comprising T2DM mice. The weight and blood glucose level of all mice were measured and GABA-R mRNA and protein expression were detected. A hydroxyl free radical (OH-) kit was used to determine the hippocampal OH-content. Using an electrophysiological experiment, the population spike (PS) slope was observed every 5 min. The results revealed that as GABA-R levels increased, the weight, blood glucose level and OH− content of the T2DM mice significantly decreased, and the neuron microstructures in the mice hippocampal tissue improved. The PS slope also significantly increased and the level of depotentiation improved. The results of the current study support the theory that the upregulation of GABA-R protects the neuronal ultrastructure and promotes LTP and depotentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region by inhibiting the accumulation of OH− in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Tu
- Department of Geratology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Qin Sun
- Center of Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Wei
- Center of Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shi
- Center of Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Li
- Department of Geratology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Chen FC, Shen KP, Ke LY, Lin HL, Wu CC, Shaw SY. Flavonoids from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed ameliorates TNF-α induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:507-516. [PMID: 31061619 PMCID: PMC6488808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to discuss the non-catechin flavonoids (NCF) from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed improving TNF-α impaired insulin stimulated glucose uptake and insulin signaling. Flavonoids had anti-metabolic syndrome and anti-inflammatory properties. It had widely been known for biological activity of catechins in tea, but very few research reports discussed the biological activity of non-catechin flavonoids in tea seed. We used HepG2 cell to treat with 5 μM insulin or with 5 μM insulin + 30 ng/ml TNF-α. Detecting the glucose concentration of medium, insulin decreased the glucose levels of medium meant that insulin promoted glucose uptake into cells, but TNF-α inhibited the glucose uptake effect of insulin. Furthermore, insulin increased the protein expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. TNF-α activated p65 and MAPKs (p38, JNK1/2 and ERK1/2), iNOS and COX-2 which worsened the insulin signaling expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. We added NCF (500, 1000, 2000 ppm) to cell with insulin and TNF-α. Not only glucose levels of medium were lowered, and the protein expressions of insulin signaling were increased, but p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2 were also reduced. NCF could ameliorate TNF-α induced insulin resistance through inhibiting p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2, and suggested that it might be used in the future to help control insulin resistance. This finding is the first report to present the discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Veternas Affairs Council, Fushoushan Farm, Taichung Heping, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yu Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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Castanopsis lamontii Water Extract Shows Potential in Suppressing Pathogens, Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Injury. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020273. [PMID: 30642065 PMCID: PMC6359260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Castanopsis lamontii is traditionally used to prevent inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis and pharyngitis by residents in southwest China. However, little scientific evidence has been found to support this. In this research, the antibacterial activities of Castanopsis lamontii water extract (CLE) were assessed using the micro-dilution method. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of CLE were investigated in RAW264.7 cells. Key bioactive compounds in CLE were also explored. Results showed that CLE was capable of inhibiting the periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis and the pharyngitis pathogen β-hemolytic Streptococcus. It suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells via inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Besides, it reduced oxidative stress-induced cell injury via scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chemical composition analysis revealed that CLE was rich in epicatechin and procyanidin B2. Further studies confirmed that epicatechin predominantly contributed to the antibacterial activities of CLE, while procyanidin B2 was mainly responsible for the anti-inflammatory activities of CLE. Both compounds contributed to the antioxidant activities of CLE. Acute oral toxicity tests proved that CLE was practically non-toxic. These results provide experimental evidences of the health-beneficial effects of CLE and may help promote the application of CLE in the food and health industries.
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Gao J, Xu Y, Zhang J, Shi J, Gong Q. Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. leaves aqueous extract protects against hydrogen peroxide‑induced SH-SY5Y cells injury through activation of Sirt3 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3485-3494. [PMID: 30320335 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. (sweet tea; ST) leaves is a type of Chinese folkloric medicine from southern China. The purpose of the present study was to explore the neuroprotective effect of ST, and to explore its underlying mechanisms in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced neuronal cell injury in cultured human neuroblastoma. H2O2 was used as oxidant inducer and human SH‑SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with various concentrations of ST. Cell viability and cell death were detected using MTT and LDH assays, respectively. Additionally, the production of intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by 2',7'‑dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‑DA) and MitoSOX Red, respectively. The production of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and NAD+/NADH ratio were confirmed using relevant kits. The expression of adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor coactivator (PGC)‑1α, Sirt3, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)2, forkhead boxO3a (Foxo3a), and SOD2 were analyzed by western blot analysis. It was demonstrated that pre‑treatment with ST enhanced cell viability and repressed cell death, and it also reduced intracellular and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Additionally, ST attenuated MDA production and enhanced GSH level, GSH‑Px and SOD activities. Furthermore, ST not only increased NAD+/NADH ratio, but also inhibited the decrease of AMPK, PGC‑1α, Sirt3, IDH2, Foxo3a, and SOD2. The present study revealed that ST exerts protective effects against oxidative stress‑induced SH‑SY5Y cells injury, and the underlying mechanisms are, at least partly, associated with its antioxidant capacity and function through mitochondrial Sirt3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yingshu Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Gao J, Liu S, Xu F, Liu Y, Lv C, Deng Y, Shi J, Gong Q. Trilobatin Protects Against Oxidative Injury in Neuronal PC12 Cells Through Regulating Mitochondrial ROS Homeostasis Mediated by AMPK/Nrf2/Sirt3 Signaling Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:267. [PMID: 30104959 PMCID: PMC6077207 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell damage is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of mitochondria-associated neurological diseases. Therefore, elimination of overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) may be a potential strategy for prevention and treatment of neurological diseases. In the present study, the neuroprotective effects of trilobatin (TLB), a novel small molecule monomer derived from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd, and its underlying mechanisms were investigated in vitro using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress model in a neuron-like PC12 cell. The findings revealed that pre-treatment with TLB dramatically concentration-dependently suppressed H2O2-induced PC12 cells damage by enhancing cell viability, repressed reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and decreased mtROS overgeneration, thereby deferring cell apoptosis. Further study demonstrated that TLB not only increased the enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2),superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and deacetylation of SOD2, but also activated silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 3 (Sirt3) within the mitochondria and thereby upregulating forkheadboxO3a (FoxO3a), which regulated mitochondrial DNA genes, then led to improving complex I activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. What’s more, TLB up-regulated p-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) level, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), and ERRα. Intriguingly, TLB failed to mitigate H2O2-induced PC12 injury in the presence of the AMPK inhibitor (Compound C), indicating that the beneficial effects of TLB on the regulation of mtROS homeostasis were reliance on AMPK -Sirt3 signaling pathway. Moreover, TLB also facilitated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and promoted antioxidant gene expression in turn, and knockdown of Nrf2 by siRNA dramatically reduced the neuroprotective effects of TLB. Notably, AMPK inhibitor abolished the activation of Nrf2 and Sirt3, whereas, knockdown of Nrf2 blocked the upregulation of Sirt3, but it did not affect p-AMPK level. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that TLB protects against oxidative injury in neuronal PC12 cells through regulating mtROS homeostasis in the first time, which is, at least partly, mediated through the AMPK/Nrf2/Sirt3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuangui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chun Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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38
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Yin S, Zhang X, Lai F, Liang T, Wen J, Lin W, Qiu J, Liu S, Li L. Trilobatin as an HIV-1 entry inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 Gp41 envelope. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2361-2377. [PMID: 29802645 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 transmembrane protein gp41 plays a crucial role by forming a stable six-helix bundle during HIV entry. Due to highly conserved sequence of gp41, the development of an effective and safe small-molecule compound targeting gp41 is a good choice. Currently, natural polyanionic ingredients with anti-HIV activities have aroused concern. Here, we first discovered that a glycosylated dihydrochalcone, trilobatin, exhibited broad anti-HIV-1 activity and low cytotoxicity in vitro. Site-directed mutagenesis analysis suggested that the hydrophobic residue (I564) located in gp41 pocket-forming site is pivotal for anti-HIV activity of trilobatin. Furthermore, trilobatin displayed synergistic anti-HIV activities combined with other antiretroviral agents. Trilobatin has a good potential to be developed as a small-molecule HIV-1 entry inhibitor for clinical combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taizhen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayong Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayin Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Demirbas A, Groszman K, Pazmiño‐Hernandez M, Vanegas DC, Welt B, Hondred JA, Garland NT, Claussen JC, McLamore ES. Cryoconcentration of flavonoid extract for enhanced biophotovoltaics and pH sensitive thin films. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 34:206-217. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Demirbas
- Agricultural and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of FloridaGainesville FL
| | - K. Groszman
- Department of Computational and Applied MathematicsRice UniversityHouston TX
| | - M. Pazmiño‐Hernandez
- Agricultural and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of FloridaGainesville FL
| | - D. C. Vanegas
- Food Engineering DepartmentUniversidad del ValleCali Colombia
| | - B. Welt
- Agricultural and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of FloridaGainesville FL
| | - J. A. Hondred
- Mechanical Engineering DepartmentIowa State UniversityIowa City IA
| | - N. T. Garland
- Mechanical Engineering DepartmentIowa State UniversityIowa City IA
| | - J. C. Claussen
- Mechanical Engineering DepartmentIowa State UniversityIowa City IA
| | - E. S. McLamore
- Agricultural and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of FloridaGainesville FL
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