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Sun F, Wang J, Ji X, Wang Z, Gao S, Wang K. CCL25 contributes to the pathogenesis of D-Gal/LPS-induced acute liver failure. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 39233339 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Acute liver failure (ALF) is a fatal clinical syndrome of severe hepatic dysfunction. Chemokines promote liver diseases by recruiting and activating immune cells. We aimed to investigate the role of C-C chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) in ALF. METHODS An ALF mouse model induced by D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide was evaluated through liver hematoxylin and eosin staining and serum transaminase and cytokine measurement. CCL25 expression in serum was analyzed by ELISA and in liver by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. C-C chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9)-expressing cells in the liver were identified by immunofluorescence staining. The effects of anti-CCL25 on ALF were evaluated in vivo. Cytokine expression and migration of CCL25-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were studied. We also investigated the role of anti-CCL25 and BMS-345541, an NF-κB signaling inhibitor, in vitro. NF-κB activation was assessed via western blot, and p65 nuclear translocation was detected using cellular immunofluorescence. RESULTS ALF mice showed severe histological damage and high serum levels of aminotransferase and inflammatory cytokines. Elevated CCL25 and NF-κB activation was observed in vivo. CCR9 was expressed on macrophages in ALF mouse liver. ALF was suppressed after anti-CCL25 treatment, with significant NF-κB inhibition. In vitro, CCL25 induced strong migration and cytokine release in RAW264.7 macrophages, which were eliminated by anti-CCL25 and BMS-345541. Furthermore, the NF-κB activation and p65 nuclear translocation induced by CCL25 were also inhibited by anti-CCL25 and BMS-345541. CONCLUSION CCL25 contributes to ALF development by inducing macrophage-mediated inflammation via activation of the NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangfen Ji
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenli Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Hepatology Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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2
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Scaravilli V, Turconi G, Colombo SM, Guzzardella A, Bosone M, Zanella A, Bos L, Grasselli G. Early serum biomarkers to characterise different phenotypes of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: a systematic scoping review. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00121-2024. [PMID: 39104958 PMCID: PMC11298996 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00121-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung transplantation (LUTX) is often complicated by primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Plasma biomarkers hold potential for PGD phenotyping and targeted therapy. This scoping review aims to collect the available literature in search of serum biomarkers for PGD phenotyping. Methods Following JBI and PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review searching MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library for papers reporting the association between serum biomarkers measured within 72 h of reperfusion and PGD, following International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) guidelines. We extracted study details, patient demographics, PGD definition and timing, biomarker concentration, and their performance in identifying PGD cases. Results Among the 1050 papers screened, 25 prospective observational studies were included, with only nine conducted in the last decade. These papers included 1793 unique adult patients (1195 double LUTX, median study size 100 (IQR 44-119)). Most (n=21) compared PGD grade 3 to less severe PGD, but only four adhered to 2016 PGD definitions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and the multiplex bead array technique were utilised in 23 and two papers, respectively. In total, 26 candidate biomarkers were identified, comprising 13 inflammatory, three endothelial activation, three epithelial injury, three cellular damage and two coagulation dysregulation markers. Only five biomarkers (sRAGE, ICAM-1, PAI-1, SP-D, FSTL-1) underwent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, yielding a median value of 0.58 (0.51-0.78) in 406 patients (276 double LUTX). Conclusions Several biomarkers exhibit promise for future studies aimed at PGD phenotyping after LUTX. To uncover the significant existing knowledge gaps, further international prospective studies incorporating updated diagnostic criteria, modern platforms and advanced statistical approaches are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Scaravilli
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gloria Turconi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Amedeo Guzzardella
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bosone
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Zanella
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lieuwe Bos
- Department of Intensive Care, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Grasselli
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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3
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Tan AW, Tong X, Alvarez-Cubela S, Chen P, Santana AG, Morales AA, Tian R, Infante R, Nunes de Paiva V, Kulandavelu S, Benny M, Dominguez-Bendala J, Wu S, Young KC, Rodrigues CO, Schmidt AF. c-Myc Drives inflammation of the maternal-fetal interface, and neonatal lung remodeling induced by intra-amniotic inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1245747. [PMID: 38481391 PMCID: PMC10933046 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1245747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but the mechanisms by which IAI leads to preterm birth and BPD are poorly understood, and there are no effective therapies for preterm birth and BPD. The transcription factor c-Myc regulates various biological processes like cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. We hypothesized that c-Myc modulates inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface, and neonatal lung remodeling. The objectives of our study were 1) to determine the kinetics of c-Myc in the placenta, fetal membranes and neonatal lungs exposed to IAI, and 2) to determine the role of c-Myc in modulating inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface, and neonatal lung remodeling induced by IAI. Methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: 1) Intra-amniotic saline injections only (control), 2) Intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections only, and 3) Intra-amniotic LPS injections with c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4. c-Myc expression, markers of inflammation, angiogenesis, immunohistochemistry, and transcriptomic analyses were performed on placenta and fetal membranes, and neonatal lungs to determine kinetics of c-Myc expression in response to IAI, and effects of prenatal systemic c-Myc inhibition on lung remodeling at postnatal day 14. Results: c-Myc was upregulated in the placenta, fetal membranes, and neonatal lungs exposed to IAI. IAI caused neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in the placenta and fetal membranes, and neonatal lung remodeling with pulmonary hypertension consistent with a BPD phenotype. Prenatal inhibition of c-Myc with 10058-F4 in IAI decreased neutrophil infiltration and NET formation, and improved neonatal lung remodeling induced by LPS, with improved alveolarization, increased angiogenesis, and decreased pulmonary vascular remodeling. Discussion: In a rat model of IAI, c-Myc regulates neutrophil recruitment and NET formation in the placenta and fetal membranes. c-Myc also participates in neonatal lung remodeling induced by IAI. Further studies are needed to investigate c-Myc as a potential therapeutic target for IAI and IAI-associated BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- April W. Tan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Xiaoying Tong
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Silvia Alvarez-Cubela
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Pingping Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Aline Guimarães Santana
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Alejo A. Morales
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Runxia Tian
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rae Infante
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Vanessa Nunes de Paiva
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Shathiyah Kulandavelu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Merline Benny
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Juan Dominguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Shu Wu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Karen C. Young
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Claudia O. Rodrigues
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Augusto F. Schmidt
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Holtz Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, United States
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4
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Wang Y, Lindstam M, Hwang D, Jedlina L, Liu M. Therapeutic Effects of a Novel Aptamer on Coronaviral Infection-Induced Lung Injury and Systemic Inflammatory Responses. Cells 2024; 13:422. [PMID: 38474386 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviral infection-induced acute lung injury has become a major threat to public health, especially through the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19. Apta-1 is a newly discovered Aptamer that has anti-inflammatory effects on systemic septic responses. The therapeutic effects of Apta-1 on coronaviral infection-induced acute lung injury and systemic responses were evaluated in the present study. METHODS Female A/J mice (at 12-14 weeks of age) were challenged with murine hepatitis virus 1 (MHV-1), a coronavirus, at 5000 PFU intranasally, followed by Apta-1 intravenously administered (100 mg/kg, twice) 1.5 h or 2 days after viral delivery. Animals were sacrificed at Day 2 or Day 4. Lung tissues were examined with H&E, immunohistochemistry staining, and western blotting. RT-qPCR was used for cytokine gene expression. Serum and plasma were collected for laboratory assessments. RESULTS Apta-1 treatment reduced viral titers, prevented MHV-1-induced reduction of circulating blood volume and hemolysis, reduced alveolar space hemorrhage, and protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) cleavage. Apta-1 treatment also significantly reduced chemokine (MKC, MCP-1, and RANTES) levels, as well as AST, ALT, total bilirubin, and reduced unconjugated bilirubin levels in the serum. CONCLUSION Apta-1 showed therapeutic benefits in coronaviral infection-induced hemorrhage and PAR-1 cleavage in the lung. It also has anti-inflammatory effects systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Wang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | | | - David Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Departments of Surgery, Medicine, and Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Helou DG, Quach C, Hurrell BP, Li X, Li M, Akbari A, Shen S, Shafiei-Jahani P, Akbari O. LAIR-1 limits macrophage activation in acute inflammatory lung injury. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:788-800. [PMID: 37634572 PMCID: PMC10842758 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are serious health problems that manifest as acute respiratory failure in response to different conditions, including viral respiratory infections. Recently, the inhibitory properties of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) were demonstrated in allergic and viral airway inflammation. In this study, we investigate the implication of LAIR-1 in ALI/ARDS and explore the underlying mechanisms. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, was used to mimic acute inflammation in viral infections. We demonstrate that LAIR-1 is predominantly expressed on macrophages and regulates their recruitment to the lungs as well as their activation in response to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. Interestingly, LAIR-1 deficiency increases neutrophil recruitment as well as lung resistance and permeability. In particular, we highlight the capacity of LAIR-1 to regulate the secretion of CXCL10, considered a key marker of macrophage overactivation in acute lung inflammation. We also reveal in COVID-19-induced lung inflammation that LAIR1 is upregulated on lung macrophages in correlation with relevant immune regulatory genes. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the implication of LAIR-1 in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS by means of the regulation of macrophages, thereby providing the basis of a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doumet Georges Helou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Université Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine, Inserm U1152, Physiopathologie et épidémiologie des maladies respiratoires, Paris, France
| | - Christine Quach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamin P Hurrell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Meng Li
- USC Libraries Bioinformatics Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Amitis Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen Shen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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6
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Xiao LY, Su YL, Huang SY, Chen YH, Hsueh PR. Chitinase 3-like-1 Expression in the Microenvironment Is Associated with Neutrophil Infiltration in Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15990. [PMID: 37958973 PMCID: PMC10648396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common cancer with well-established therapeutic strategies. However, recurrence occurs in 50% of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and 20% of patients progress to muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The 5-year survival rate for muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients is disappointingly low, ranging from 36% to 48%. A molecular marker of interest is chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), which is elevated in various cancers, including bladder cancer. In addition to its role in cancer cells, CHI3L1 also has regulatory abilities in immune cells. Neutrophil infiltration has been shown to positively correlate with overall survival, progression-free survival, and relapse-free survival in bladder cancer patients. However, the relationship between CHI3L1 and neutrophils remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between CHI3L1 level and protumor neutrophil infiltration in bladder cancer. We analyzed the GSE128959 dataset and the data of a bladder cancer cohort undergoing chemotherapy. We observed higher expression of CHI3L1 in bladder cancer patients with invasive or chemotherapy-resistance. Our results revealed a positive correlation between CHI3L1 expression and protumor neutrophil infiltration. Elevated CHI3L1 expression was associated with genes which were related to the recruitment and infiltration of neutrophils. Consequently, CHI3L1 may serve as a novel evaluation factor for the degree of neutrophil infiltration in advanced bladder cancer in those scheduled for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yi Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Genomic & Proteomic Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yu Huang
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
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7
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Saki N, Javan M, Moghimian-Boroujeni B, Kast RE. Interesting effects of interleukins and immune cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2979-2996. [PMID: 37330918 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs with consequent proportional loss of gas exchange function. ARDS is linked with severe pulmonary or systemic infection. Several factors, including secretory cytokines, immune cells, and lung epithelial and endothelial cells, play a role in the development and progression of this disease. The present study is based on Pubmed database information (1987-2022) using the words "Acute respiratory distress syndrome", "Interleukin", "Cytokines" and "Immune cells". Cytokines and immune cells play an important role in this disease, with particular emphasis on the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors. Neutrophils are one of several important mediators of Inflammation, lung tissue destruction, and malfunction during ARDS. Some immune cells, such as macrophages and eosinophils, play a dual role in releasing inflammatory mediators, recruitment inflammatory cells and the progression of ARDS, or releasing anti-inflammatory mediators, clearing the lung of inflammatory cells, and helping to improve the disease. Different interleukins play a role in the development or inhibition of ARDS by helping to activate various signaling pathways, helping to secrete other inflammatory or anti-inflammatory interleukins, and playing a role in the production and balance between immune cells involved in ARDS. As a result, immune cells and, inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukins play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease Therefore, understanding the relevant mechanisms will help in the proper diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Javan
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Moghimian-Boroujeni
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 61357-15794, Iran.
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8
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Hirani DV, Thielen F, Mansouri S, Danopoulos S, Vohlen C, Haznedar-Karakaya P, Mohr J, Wilke R, Selle J, Grosch T, Mizik I, Odenthal M, Alvira CM, Kuiper-Makris C, Pryhuber GS, Pallasch C, van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Al-Alam D, Seeger W, Savai R, Dötsch J, Alejandre Alcazar MA. CXCL10 deficiency limits macrophage infiltration, preserves lung matrix, and enables lung growth in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:52. [PMID: 37876024 PMCID: PMC10594718 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants with oxygen supplementation are at high risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a neonatal chronic lung disease. Inflammation with macrophage activation is central to the pathogenesis of BPD. CXCL10, a chemotactic and pro-inflammatory chemokine, is elevated in the lungs of infants evolving BPD and in hyperoxia-based BPD in mice. Here, we tested if CXCL10 deficiency preserves lung growth after neonatal hyperoxia by preventing macrophage activation. To this end, we exposed Cxcl10 knockout (Cxcl10-/-) and wild-type mice to an experimental model of hyperoxia (85% O2)-induced neonatal lung injury and subsequent regeneration. In addition, cultured primary human macrophages and murine macrophages (J744A.1) were treated with CXCL10 and/or CXCR3 antagonist. Our transcriptomic analysis identified CXCL10 as a central hub in the inflammatory network of neonatal mouse lungs after hyperoxia. Quantitative histomorphometric analysis revealed that Cxcl10-/- mice are in part protected from reduced alveolar. These findings were related to the preserved spatial distribution of elastic fibers, reduced collagen deposition, and protection from macrophage recruitment/infiltration to the lungs in Cxcl10-/- mice during acute injury and regeneration. Complimentary, studies with cultured human and murine macrophages showed that hyperoxia induces Cxcl10 expression that in turn triggers M1-like activation and migration of macrophages through CXCR3. Finally, we demonstrated a temporal increase of macrophage-related CXCL10 in the lungs of infants with BPD. In conclusion, our data demonstrate macrophage-derived CXCL10 in experimental and clinical BPD that drives macrophage chemotaxis through CXCR3, causing pro-fibrotic lung remodeling and arrest of alveolarization. Thus, targeting the CXCL10-CXCR3 axis could offer a new therapeutic avenue for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmesh V Hirani
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health (ILH) and Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Gießen, Germany
| | - Florian Thielen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Soula Danopoulos
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Christina Vohlen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health (ILH) and Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Gießen, Germany
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pinar Haznedar-Karakaya
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Jasmine Mohr
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Rebecca Wilke
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Jaco Selle
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Thomas Grosch
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Ivana Mizik
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Celien Kuiper-Makris
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gloria S Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Denise Al-Alam
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Werner Seeger
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health (ILH) and Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Gießen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health (ILH) and Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Gießen, Germany
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Translational Experimental Pediatrics, Experimental Pulmonology, University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany.
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute for Lung Health (ILH) and Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Gießen, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster On Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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9
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Quach C, Helou DG, Li M, Hurrell BP, Howard E, Shafiei-Jahani P, Soroosh P, Ou JHJ, Razani B, Rehan V, Akbari O. Enhancing autophagy in CD11c + antigen-presenting cells as a therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112990. [PMID: 37590140 PMCID: PMC10510741 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are severe clinical disorders that mainly develop from viral respiratory infections, sepsis, and chest injury. Antigen-presenting cells play a pivotal role in propagating uncontrolled inflammation and injury through the excess secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of immune cells. Autophagy, a homeostatic process that involves the degradation of cellular components, is involved in many processes including lung inflammation. Here, we use a polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C))-induced lung injury mouse model to mimic viral-induced ALI/ARDS and show that disruption of autophagy in macrophages exacerbates lung inflammation and injury, whereas autophagy induction attenuates this process. Therefore, induction of autophagy in macrophages can be a promising therapeutic strategy in ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Quach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Doumet Georges Helou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Meng Li
- USC Libraries Bioinformatics Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Benjamin Pierre Hurrell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Emily Howard
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Pejman Soroosh
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jing-Hsiung James Ou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Virender Rehan
- Division of Neonatology, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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10
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Puopolo T, Li H, Ma H, Schrader JM, Liu C, Seeram NP. Uncovering the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of phenolic-enriched maple syrup extract in lipopolysaccharide-induced peritonitis in mice: insights from data-independent acquisition proteomics analysis. Food Funct 2023; 14:6690-6706. [PMID: 37403713 PMCID: PMC10399132 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01386c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Our group has previously reported on the phytochemical composition and biological activities of a phenolic-enriched maple syrup extract (MSX), which showed promising anti-inflammatory effects in several disease models including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. However, the efficacious doses of MSX and its molecular targets involved in the anti-inflammatory effects are not fully elucidated. Herein, the efficacy of MSX in a peritonitis mouse model was evaluated in a dose-finding study and the underlying mechanisms were explored using data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics assay. MSX (at 15, 30 and 60 mg kg-1) alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced peritonitis by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the serum and major organs of the mice. Furthermore, DIA proteomics analyses identified a panel of proteins that were significantly altered (both up- and down-regulated) in the peritonitis group, which were counteracted by the MSX treatments. MSX treatment also modulated several inflammatory upstream regulators including interferon gamma and TNF. Ingenuity pathway analysis suggested that MSX may modulate several signaling pathways in the processes of initiation of cytokine storm, activation of liver regeneration, and suppression of hepatocyte apoptosis. Together, these proteomic and in vivo findings indicate that MSX could regulate inflammation signaling pathways and modulate inflammatory markers and proteins, providing critical insight to its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Puopolo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Huifang Li
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Joseph M Schrader
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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11
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Meyer EA, Äänismaa P, Ertel EA, Hühn E, Strasser DS, Rey M, Murphy MJ, Martinic MM, Pouzol L, Froidevaux S, Keller MP, Caroff E. Discovery of Clinical Candidate ACT-777991, a Potent CXCR3 Antagonist for Antigen-Driven and Inflammatory Pathologies. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4179-4196. [PMID: 36883854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The CXCR3 chemokine receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor mainly expressed on immune cells from the lymphoid lineage, including activated T cells. Binding of its inducible chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 leads to downstream signaling events and the migration of activated T cells to sites of inflammation. Herein, we report the third part of our CXCR3 antagonist program in the field of autoimmunity, culminating in the discovery of the clinical compound ACT-777991 (8a). A previously disclosed advanced molecule was exclusively metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme, and options to address the issue are described. ACT-777991 is a highly potent, insurmountable, and selective CXCR3 antagonist that showed dose-dependent efficacy and target engagement in a mouse model of acute lung inflammation. The excellent properties and safety profile warranted progress in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Meyer
- Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Päivi Äänismaa
- DMPK, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Eric A Ertel
- Electrophysiology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Eva Hühn
- DMPK, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Strasser
- Translational Biomarkers, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rey
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Mark J Murphy
- Biology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Marianne M Martinic
- Pharmacology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia Pouzol
- Pharmacology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcel P Keller
- Biology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Eva Caroff
- Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 91, Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
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12
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Sen'kova AV, Savin IA, Odarenko KV, Salomatina OV, Salakhutdinov NF, Zenkova MA, Markov AV. Protective effect of soloxolone derivatives in carrageenan- and LPS-driven acute inflammation: Pharmacological profiling and their effects on key inflammation-related processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114231. [PMID: 36640672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of three cyanoenone-containing triterpenoids, including soloxolone methyl (SM), soloxolone (S) and its novel derivative bearing at the C-30 amidoxime moiety (SAO), was studied in murine models of acute inflammation. It was found that the compounds effectively suppressed the development of carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven acute lung injury (ALI) with therapeutic outcomes comparable with that of the reference drugs indomethacin and dexamethasone. Non-immunogenic carrageenan-stimulated inflammation was more sensitive to the transformation of C-30 of SM compared with immunogenic LPS-induced inflammation: the anti-inflammatory properties of the studied compounds against carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis decreased in the order of SAO > S > > SM, whereas the efficiency of these triterpenoids against LPS-driven ALI was similar (SAO ≈ S ≈ SM). Further studies demonstrated that soloxolone derivatives significantly inhibited a range of immune-related processes, including granulocyte influx and the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the inflamed sites as well as the functional activity of macrophages. Moreover, SM was found to prevent inflammation-associated apoptosis of A549 pneumocytes and effectively inhibited the protease activity of thrombin (IC50 = 10.3 µM) tightly associated with rodent inflammatome. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that soloxolone derivatives can be considered as novel promising anti-inflammatory drug candidates with multi-targeted mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V Sen'kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Innokenty A Savin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Kirill V Odarenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Oksana V Salomatina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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13
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Sun Y, Hu B, Stanley G, Harris ZM, Gautam S, Homer R, Koff JL, Rajagopalan G. IFN- γ Is Protective in Cytokine Release Syndrome-associated Extrapulmonary Acute Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:75-89. [PMID: 36125351 PMCID: PMC9817908 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0117oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which excessive systemic activation of adaptive T lymphocytes, as in cytokine release syndrome (CRS), leads to innate immune cell-mediated acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome, often in the absence of any infection, remains unknown. Here, we investigated the roles of IFN-γ and IL-17A, key T-cell cytokines significantly elevated in patients with CRS, in the immunopathogenesis of CRS-induced extrapulmonary ALI. CRS was induced in wild-type (WT), IL-17A- and IFN-γ knockout (KO) human leukocyte antigen-DR3 transgenic mice with 10 μg of the superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, given intraperitoneally. Several ALI parameters, including gene expression profiling in the lungs, were studied 4, 24, or 48 hours later. Systemic T-cell activation with staphylococcal enterotoxin B resulted in robust upregulation of several chemokines, S100A8/A9, matrix metalloproteases, and other molecules implicated in tissue damage, granulocyte as well as agranulocyte adhesion, and diapedesis in the lungs as early as 4 hours, which was accompanied by subsequent neutrophil/eosinophil lung infiltration and severe ALI in IFN-γ KO mice. These pathways were significantly underexpressed in IL-17A KO mice, which manifested mildest ALI and intermediate in WT mice. Neutralization of IFN-γ worsened ALI in WT and IL-17A KO mice, whereas neutralizing IL-17A did not mitigate lung injury in IFN-γ KO mice, suggesting a dominant protective role for IFN-γ in ALI and that IL-17A is dispensable. Ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, increased ALI severity in WT mice. Thus, our study identified novel mechanisms of ALI in CRS and its differential modulation by IFN-γ and IL-17A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Buqu Hu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Gail Stanley
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Zachary M. Harris
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Samir Gautam
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Robert Homer
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Connecticut HealthCare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jonathan L. Koff
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
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14
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Zhao R, Lopez B, Schwingshackl A, Goldstein SA. Protection from acute lung injury by a peptide designed to inhibit the voltage-gated proton channel. iScience 2022; 26:105901. [PMID: 36660473 PMCID: PMC9843441 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no targeted medical therapies for Acute Lung Injury (ALI) or its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Infections are the most common cause of ALI/ARDS and these disorders present clinically with alveolar inflammation and barrier dysfunction due to the influx of neutrophils and inflammatory mediator secretion. We designed the C6 peptide to inhibit voltage-gated proton channels (Hv1) and demonstrated that it suppressed the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteases from neutrophils in vitro. We now show that intravenous C6 counteracts bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice, and suppresses the accumulation of neutrophils, ROS, and proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Confirming the salutary effects of C6 are via Hv1, genetic deletion of the channel similarly protects mice from LPS-induced ALI. This report reveals that Hv1 is a key regulator of ALI, that Hv1 is a druggable target, and that C6 is a viable agent to treat ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Zhao
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology & Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Benjamin Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andreas Schwingshackl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Steve A.N. Goldstein
- Departments of Pediatrics, Physiology & Biophysics, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA,Corresponding author
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15
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Hu L, Yamamoto M, Chen J, Duan H, Du J, He L, Shi D, Yao X, Nagai T, Kiyohara H, Yao Z. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification to decipher the immunomodulatory effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang against poly (I:C)-induced pulmonary inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015486. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation caused by respiratory tract viral infections is usually associated with acute exacerbation of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, maintaining the pulmonary immune homeostasis is particular important for prevention of the acute exacerbation. Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been broadly used to improve respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders in China for over 700 years. Previously, we have found the regulatory activity of BZYQT on the lower respiratory immune system, while its potential effects during pulmonary inflammation remain unknown. Thus, the current study focused on deciphering its immunomodulatory effect and potential mechanism against pulmonary inflammation by using a viral RNA analogue, poly (I:C), induced murine pulmonary inflammation model and BEAS-2B cell model coupled with network pharmacology. Inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were counted through microscope examination according to the cell’s morphology and staining characteristics; protein and gene levels of inflammatory mediators were determined with Elisa and quantitative PCR, respectively; network pharmacology was conducted based on 46 BZYQT-related potential bioactive components, pulmonary inflammation and immune-related targets. Our results indicated that the recruitment of neutrophils and the expression of Adgre1 (encoding the F4/80, which is a macrophage marker) in the lung induced by poly (I:C) were significantly reduced after BZYQT treatment, and these effects were further demonstrated to be related to the interference of leukocyte transendothelial migration from the decreased levels of CXCL10, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL2, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E/P-selectins. Furthermore, BZYQT inhibited the CXCL10, TNF-α, and IFN-β expression of poly (I:C)-challenged BEAS-2B cells in a dose-dependent manner. Through integrating results from network pharmacology, experiments, and the published literature, isoliquiritigenin, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide III, formononetin, ferulic acid, hesperidin, and cimigenoside were presumed as the bioactive components of BZYQT against pulmonary inflammation. Overall, our findings demonstrated that BZYQT possesses a pronounced immunomodulatory effect on poly (I:C)-induced pulmonary inflammation, which provides a pharmacological basis for BZYQT in the treatment of respiratory disorders.
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16
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Verma AK, McKelvey M, Uddin MB, Palani S, Niu M, Bauer C, Shao S, Sun K. IFN-γ transforms the transcriptomic landscape and triggers myeloid cell hyperresponsiveness to cause lethal lung injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011132. [PMID: 36203588 PMCID: PMC9530332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory disease that is associated with high mortality but no specific treatment. Our understanding of initial events that trigger ARDS pathogenesis is limited. We have developed a mouse model of inflammatory lung injury by influenza and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) coinfection plus daily antibiotic therapy. Using this pneumonic ARDS model, here we show that IFN-γ receptor signaling drives inflammatory cytokine storm and lung tissue damage. By single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, we demonstrate that IFN-γ signaling induces a transcriptional shift in airway immune cells, particularly by upregulating macrophage and monocyte expression of genes associated with inflammatory diseases. Further evidence from conditional knockout mouse models reveals that IFN-γ receptor signaling in myeloid cells, particularly CD11c+ mononuclear phagocytes, directly promotes TNF-α hyperproduction and inflammatory lung damage. Collectively, the findings from this study, ranging from cell-intrinsic gene expression to overall disease outcome, demonstrate that influenza-induced IFN-γ triggers myeloid cell hyperresponsiveness to MRSA, thereby leading to excessive inflammatory response and lethal lung damage during coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul K. Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Michael McKelvey
- Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Palani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Meng Niu
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Christopher Bauer
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Shengjun Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Keer Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Keer Sun,
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17
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André S, Azarias da Silva M, Picard M, Alleaume-Buteau A, Kundura L, Cezar R, Soudaramourty C, André SC, Mendes-Frias A, Carvalho A, Capela C, Pedrosa J, Gil Castro A, Loubet P, Sotto A, Muller L, Lefrant JY, Roger C, Claret PG, Duvnjak S, Tran TA, Zghidi-Abouzid O, Nioche P, Silvestre R, Corbeau P, Mammano F, Estaquier J. Low quantity and quality of anti-spike humoral response is linked to CD4 T-cell apoptosis in COVID-19 patients. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:741. [PMID: 36030261 PMCID: PMC9419645 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In addition to an inflammatory reaction, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients present lymphopenia, which we recently reported as being related to abnormal programmed cell death. As an efficient humoral response requires CD4 T-cell help, we hypothesized that the propensity of CD4 T cells to die may impact the quantity and quality of the humoral response in acutely infected individuals. In addition to specific immunoglobulins (Ig)A, IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N), membrane (M), and spike (S1) proteins, we assessed the quality of IgG response by measuring the avidity index. Because the S protein represents the main target for neutralization and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity responses, we also analyzed anti-S-specific IgG using S-transfected cells (S-Flow). Our results demonstrated that most COVID-19 patients have a predominant IgA anti-N humoral response during the early phase of infection. This specific humoral response preceded the anti-S1 in time and magnitude. The avidity index of anti-S1 IgG was low in acutely infected individuals compared to convalescent patients. We showed that the percentage of apoptotic CD4 T cells is inversely correlated with the levels of specific IgG antibodies. These lower levels were also correlated positively with plasma levels of CXCL10, a marker of disease severity, and soluble Fas ligand that contributes to T-cell death. Finally, we found lower S-Flow responses in patients with higher CD4 T-cell apoptosis. Altogether, these results demonstrate that individuals with high levels of CD4 T-cell apoptosis and CXCL10 have a poor ability to build an efficient anti-S response. Consequently, preventing CD4 T-cell death might be a strategy for improving humoral response during the acute phase, thereby reducing COVID-19 pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia André
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Marne Azarias da Silva
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Picard
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Alleaume-Buteau
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, BioMedTech Facilities INSERM US36-CNRS UMS2009, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Kundura
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Laboratoire d’Immunologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Renaud Cezar
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Laboratoire d’Immunologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | | | - Santa Cruz André
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal ,grid.512329.eClinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Mendes-Frias
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal ,grid.512329.eClinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Carvalho
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal ,grid.512329.eClinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos Capela
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal ,grid.512329.eClinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pedrosa
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António Gil Castro
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paul Loubet
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Albert Sotto
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Laurent Muller
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service de Réanimation Chirugicale, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Lefrant
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service de Réanimation Chirugicale, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Claire Roger
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service de Réanimation Chirugicale, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Pierre-Géraud Claret
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Urgences Médico-Chirugicales Hospitalisation, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Sandra Duvnjak
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service de Gérontologie et Prévention du Vieillissement, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Tu-Anh Tran
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | | | - Pierre Nioche
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, BioMedTech Facilities INSERM US36-CNRS UMS2009, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pierre Corbeau
- grid.411165.60000 0004 0593 8241Laboratoire d’Immunologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institut de Génétique Humaine UMR9002 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrizio Mammano
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France ,INSERM U1259 MAVIVH, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Estaquier
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1124, F-75006 Paris, France ,CHU de Québec—Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC Canada
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18
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Mantov N, Zrounba M, Brollo M, Grassin-Delyle S, Glorion M, David M, Naline E, Devillier P, Salvator H. Ruxolitinib inhibits cytokine production by human lung macrophages without impairing phagocytic ability. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896167. [PMID: 36059986 PMCID: PMC9437255 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has been approved in an indication of myelofibrosis and is a candidate for the treatment of a number of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. We assessed the effects of ruxolitinib on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and poly (I:C)-induced cytokine production by human lung macrophages (LMs) and on the LMs’ phagocytic activity.Methods: Human LMs were isolated from patients operated on for lung carcinoma. The LMs were cultured with ruxolitinib (0.5 × 10−7 M to 10–5 M) or budesonide (10–11 to 10–8 M) and then stimulated with LPS (10 ng·ml−1) or poly (I:C) (10 μg·ml−1) for 24 h. Cytokines released by the LMs into the supernatants were measured using ELISAs. The phagocytosis of labelled bioparticles was assessed using flow cytometry.Results: Ruxolitinib inhibited both the LPS- and poly (I:C)-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, chemokines CCL2, and CXCL10 in a concentration-dependent manner. Ruxolitinib also inhibited the poly (I:C)- induced (but not the LPS-induced) production of IL-1ß. Budesonide inhibited cytokine production more strongly than ruxolitinib but failed to mitigate the production of CXCL10. The LMs’ phagocytic activity was not impaired by the highest tested concentration (10–5 M) of ruxolitinib.Conclusion: Clinically relevant concentrations of ruxolitinib inhibited the LPS- and poly (I:C)-stimulated production of cytokines by human LMs but did not impair their phagocytic activity. Overall, ruxolitinib’s anti-inflammatory activities are less intense than (but somewhat different from) those of budesonide—particularly with regard to the production of the corticosteroid-resistant chemokine CXCL-10. Our results indicate that treatment with a JAK inhibitor might be a valuable anti-inflammatory strategy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Th1-high asthma, and both viral and non-viral acute respiratory distress syndromes (including coronavirus disease 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Mantov
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Mathilde Zrounba
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Marion Brollo
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - S Grassin-Delyle
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Infection and Inflammation, Health Biotechnology Department, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM, Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - Matthieu Glorion
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Mélanie David
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Emmanuel Naline
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Devillier
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Hélène Salvator
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
- *Correspondence: Hélène Salvator,
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19
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Caroff E, Meyer EA, Äänismaa P, Froidevaux S, Keller M, Piali L. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Benzimidazolo-thiazoles as Potent CXCR3 Antagonists with Therapeutic Potential in Autoimmune Diseases: Discovery of ACT-672125. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11533-11549. [PMID: 35969159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 allows the selective recruitment of innate and adaptive inflammatory immune cells into inflamed tissue. CXCR3 ligands are secreted after exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Upon binding to CXCR3 ligands, CXCR3 expressing T-lymphocytes migrate toward sites of inflammation and can promote tissue damage. Therefore, antagonizing this receptor may provide clinical benefits for patients suffering from autoimmune diseases characterized by high concentrations of CXCR3 ligands. Herein, we report the second part of our CXCR3 discovery program where we explored the benzimidazolo-thiazole core scaffold. The optimization of potency and the mitigation of an hERG liability are described. Further pharmacokinetic considerations led to the identification of the potent CXCR3 antagonist ACT-672125 (29). The compound showed good physicochemical properties and safety profile. In a proof-of-mechanism model of lung inflammation, ACT-672125 inhibited the recruitment of CXCR3 expressing T cells into the inflamed lung in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Caroff
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel A Meyer
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Päivi Äänismaa
- DMPK, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcel Keller
- Drug Discovery Biology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Luca Piali
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, pRED Roche, Basel 4070, Switzerland
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20
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Karimabad MN, Hassanshahi G, Kounis NG, Mplani V, Roditis P, Gogos C, Lagadinou M, Assimakopoulos SF, Dousdampanis P, Koniari I. The Chemokines CXC, CC and C in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Disease and as Surrogates of Vaccine-Induced Innate and Adaptive Protective Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081299. [PMID: 36016187 PMCID: PMC9416781 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is one of the progressive viral pandemics that originated from East Asia. COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be associated with a chain of physio-pathological mechanisms that are basically immunological in nature. In addition, chemokines have been proposed as a subgroup of chemotactic cytokines with different activities ranging from leukocyte recruitment to injury sites, irritation, and inflammation to angiostasis and angiogenesis. Therefore, researchers have categorized the chemotactic elements into four classes, including CX3C, CXC, CC, and C, based on the location of the cysteine motifs in their structures. Considering the severe cases of COVID-19, the hyperproduction of particular chemokines occurring in lung tissue as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly worsen the disease prognosis. According to the studies conducted in the field documenting the changing expression of CXC and CC chemokines in COVID-19 cases, the CC and CXC chemokines contribute to this pandemic, and their impact could reflect the development of reasonable strategies for COVID-19 management. The CC and the CXC families of chemokines are important in host immunity to viral infections and along with other biomarkers can serve as the surrogates of vaccine-induced innate and adaptive protective responses, facilitating the improvement of vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, the immunogenicity elicited by the chemokine response to adenovirus vector vaccines may constitute the basis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Nicholas G. Kounis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginia Mplani
- Intensive Care Unit, Patras University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Roditis
- Department of Cardiology, Mamatsio Kozanis General Hospital, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- COVID-19 Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Lagadinou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Nephrology, Saint Andrews State General Hospital, 26221 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Koniari
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
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21
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Meyer EA, Äänismaa P, Froidevaux S, Keller M, Piali L, Caroff E. Discovery and In Vivo Evaluation of ACT-660602: A Potent and Selective Antagonist of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 for Autoimmune Diseases. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11513-11532. [PMID: 35947786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in various pathologies, in particular autoimmune diseases. It is activated by the three chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 and enables the recruitment of immune cell subsets leading to damage of inflamed tissues. Starting from a high-throughput screening hit, we describe the iterative optimization of a chemical series culminating in the discovery of the selective CXCR3 antagonist ACT-660602 (9j). The careful structural modifications during the lead optimization phase led to a compound with high biological potency in inhibiting cell migration together with improvements of the metabolic stability and hERG issue. In a LPS-induced lung inflammation model in mice, ACT-660602 led to significantly reduced recruitment of the CXCR3+ CD8+ T cell in the bronchoalveolar lavage compartment when administered orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A Meyer
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Päivi Äänismaa
- DMPK, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | | | - Marcel Keller
- Drug Discovery Biology Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
| | - Luca Piali
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, pRED Roche, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Eva Caroff
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Immunology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil 4123, Switzerland
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22
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Ohashi K, Ito R, Koda R, Iino N, Takada T. Serum cytokine changes induced by direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber in patients with acute respiratory failure. Respir Investig 2022; 60:585-594. [PMID: 35525835 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymyxin B-immobilized Fiber therapy (PMX-DHP) may improve the prognosis of patients with rapidly progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). However, the mechanisms by which PMX-DHP ameliorates oxygenation are unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the changes in serum cytokine concentrations during PMX-DHP with steroid pulse therapy. METHODS Patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and rapidly progressive ILDs, acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and treated with PMX-DHP were assessed, including patients with IPF. The serum concentrations of 38 cytokines were compared between the ARF and IPF groups before treatment. In the ARF group, cytokine levels were compared before, immediately after PMX-DHP, and the day after termination of steroid pulse therapy. RESULTS Fourteen ARF and eight IPF patients were enrolled. A comparison of the cytokine levels before treatment initiation revealed that EGF, GRO, IL-10, MDC, IL-12p70, IL-15, sCD40L, IL-7, IP-10, MCP-1, and MIP-1β were significantly different between the two groups. In the ARF group treated with PMX-DHP, the concentrations of MDC, IP-10, and TNF-α continuously decreased during treatment (P < 0.01). Further, the cytokine levels of GRO, IL-10, IL-1Ra, IL-5, IL-6, and MCP-1 decreased after the entire treatment period, with no change observed during the steroid-only period (P < 0.01, except GRO and MCP-1). Although PMX-DHP significantly reduced eotaxin and GM-CSF serum levels (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05), these levels did not change after treatment. CONCLUSIONS PMX-DHP combined with steroid pulse therapy might reduce GRO, IL-10, IL-1Ra, IL-5, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels in ARF, contributing to better oxygenation in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Ohashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-uonuma, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryo Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-uonuma, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryo Koda
- Department of Nephrology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-uonuma, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriaki Iino
- Department of Nephrology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-uonuma, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshinori Takada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Minami-uonuma, Niigata, Japan.
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23
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Ling L, Chen Z, Lui G, Wong CK, Wong WT, Ng RWY, Tso EYK, Fung KSC, Chan V, Yeung ACM, Hui DSC, Chan PKS. Longitudinal Cytokine Profile in Patients With Mild to Critical COVID-19. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763292. [PMID: 34938289 PMCID: PMC8685399 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine release syndrome has been proposed as the driver of inflammation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, studies on longitudinal cytokine profiles in patients across the whole severity spectrum of COVID-19 are lacking. In this prospective observational study on adult COVID-19 patients admitted to two Hong Kong public hospitals, cytokine profiling was performed on blood samples taken during early phase (within 7 days of symptom onset) and late phase (8 to 12 days of symptom onset). The primary objective was to evaluate the difference in early and late cytokine profiles among patient groups with different disease severity. The secondary objective was to assess the associations between cytokines and clinical endpoints in critically ill patients. A total of 40 adult patients (mild = 8, moderate = 15, severe/critical = 17) hospitalized with COVID-19 were included in this study. We found 22 cytokines which were correlated with disease severity, as proinflammatory Th1-related cytokines (interleukin (IL)-18, interferon-induced protein-10 (IP-10), monokine-induced by gamma interferon (MIG), and IL-10) and ARDS-associated cytokines (IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and IL-8) were progressively elevated with increasing disease severity. Furthermore, 11 cytokines were consistently different in both early and late phases, including seven (growth-regulated oncogene-alpha (GRO-α), IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IP-10, and MIG) that increased and four (FGF-2, IL-5, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and MIP-1α) that decreased from mild to severe/critical patients. IL-8, followed by IP-10 and MDC were the best performing early biomarkers to predict disease severity. Among critically ill patients, MCP-1 predicted the duration of mechanical ventilation, highest norepinephrine dose administered, and length of intensive care stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowell Ling
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Grace Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Tat Wong
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rita W Y Ng
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eugene Y K Tso
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kitty S C Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Veronica Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Apple C M Yeung
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David S C Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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24
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Julian DR, Kazakoff MA, Patel A, Jaynes J, Willis MS, Yates CC. Chemokine-Based Therapeutics for the Treatment of Inflammatory and Fibrotic Convergent Pathways in COVID-19. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 9:93-105. [PMID: 34900402 PMCID: PMC8651461 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-021-00226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus and has taken over 761,426 American lives as of the date of publication and will likely result in long-term, if not permanent, tissue damage for countless patients. COVID-19 presents with diverse and multisystemic pathologic processes, including a hyperinflammatory response, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), vascular injury, microangiopathy, tissue fibrosis, angiogenesis, and widespread thrombosis across multiple organs, including the lungs, heart, kidney, liver, and brain. C-X-C chemokines contribute to these pathologies by attracting inflammatory mediators, the disruption of endothelial cell integrity and function, and the initiation and propagation of the cytokine storm. Among these, CXCL10 is recognized as a critical contributor to the hyperinflammatory state and poor prognosis in COVID-19. CXCL10 is also known to regulate growth factor-induced fibrosis, and recent evidence suggests the CXCL10-CXCR3 signaling system may be vital in targeting convergent pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways. This review will explore the mechanistic role of CXCL10 and related chemokines in fibrotic complications associated with COVID-19 and the potential of CXCL10-targeted therapeutics for early intervention and long-term treatment of COVID-19-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana R Julian
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Bldg. 458A, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Megan A Kazakoff
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Bldg. 458A, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Akhil Patel
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Bldg. 458A, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Jesse Jaynes
- College of Agriculture, Environment and Nutrition Sciences and College of Arts and Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- Pathology Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Section, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Cecelia C Yates
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Bldg. 458A, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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25
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Lu X, Ma W, Fan B, Li P, Gao J, Liu Q, Hu C, Li Y, Yao M, Ning H, Xing L. Integrating Network Pharmacology, Transcriptome and Artificial Intelligence for Investigating Into the Effect and Mechanism of Ning Fei Ping Xue Decoction Against the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731377. [PMID: 34803679 PMCID: PMC8595141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a high-mortality disease and lacks effective pharmacotherapy. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, Ning Fei Ping Xue (NFPX) decoction, was demonstrated to play a critical role in alleviating inflammatory responses of the lung. However, its therapeutic effectiveness in ARDS and active compounds, targets, and molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study investigates the effects of NFPX decoction on ARDS mice induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The results revealed that NFPX alleviated lung edema evaluated by lung ultrasound, decreased lung wet/Dry ratio, the total cell numbers of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in BALF and serum, and ameliorated lung pathology in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, UPLC-HRMS was performed to establish the compounds of NFPX. A total of 150 compounds in NFPX were characterized. Moreover, integrating network pharmacology approach and transcriptional profiling of lung tissues were performed to predict the underlying mechanism. 37 active components and 77 targets were screened out, and a herbs-compounds-targets network was constructed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from LPS-treated mice compared with LPS combined with NFPX mice. GO, KEGG, and artificial intelligence analysis indicated that NFPX might act on various drug targets. At last, potential targets, HRAS, SMAD4, and AMPK, were validated by qRT-PCR in ARDS murine model. In conclusion, we prove the efficacy of NFPX decoction in the treatment of ARDS. Furthermore, integrating network pharmacology, transcriptome, and artificial intelligence analysis contributes to illustrating the molecular mechanism of NFPX decoction on ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wentao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baofeng Fan
- Air Force General Hospital PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengying Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanbing Ning
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Xing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Large scale cytokine profiling uncovers elevated IL12-p70 and IL-17A in severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14158. [PMID: 34239039 PMCID: PMC8266860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific cytokines that regulate pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the respiratory cytokine profile in PARDS to identify the molecular signatures associated with severe disease. A multiplex suspension immunoassay was used to profile 45 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Cytokine concentrations were compared between severe and non-severe PARDS, and correlated with oxygenation index (OI). Partial least squares regression modelling and regression coefficient plots were used to identify a composite of key mediators that differentially segregated severe from non-severe disease. The mean (standard deviation) age and OI of this cohort was 5.2 (4.9) years and 17.8 (11.3), respectively. Early PARDS patients with severe disease exhibited a cytokine signature that was up-regulated for IL-12p70, IL-17A, MCP-1, IL-4, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1β, SCF, EGF and HGF. In particular, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, IP-10, IL-17A, IL-12p70) positively correlated with OI early in the disease. Whereas late PARDS was characterized by a differential lung cytokine signature consisting of both up-regulated (IL-8, IL-12p70, VEGF-D, IL-4, GM-CSF) and down-regulated (IL-1β, EGF, Eotaxin, IL-1RA, and PDGF-BB) profiles segregating non-severe and severe groups. This cytokine signature was associated with increased transcription, T cell activation and proliferation as well as activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway that underpin PARDS severity.
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Stenlo M, Silva IAN, Hyllén S, Bölükbas DA, Niroomand A, Grins E, Ederoth P, Hallgren O, Pierre L, Wagner DE, Lindstedt S. Monitoring lung injury with particle flow rate in LPS- and COVID-19-induced ARDS. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14802. [PMID: 34250766 PMCID: PMC8273428 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-prolonging treatment, especially among COVID-19 patients. Evaluation of lung injury progression is challenging with current techniques. Diagnostic imaging or invasive diagnostics are risky given the difficulties of intra-hospital transportation, contraindication of biopsies, and the potential for the spread of infections, such as in COVID-19 patients. We have recently shown that particle flow rate (PFR) from exhaled breath could be a noninvasive, early detection method for ARDS during mechanical ventilation. We hypothesized that PFR could also measure the progress of lung injury during ECMO treatment. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was thus used to induce ARDS in pigs under mechanical ventilation. Eight were connected to ECMO, whereas seven animals were not. In addition, six animals received sham treatment with saline. Four human patients with ECMO and ARDS were also monitored. In the pigs, as lung injury ensued, the PFR dramatically increased and a particular spike followed the establishment of ECMO in the LPS-treated animals. PFR remained elevated in all animals with no signs of lung recovery. In the human patients, in the two that recovered, PFR decreased. In the two whose lung function deteriorated while on ECMO, there was increased PFR with no sign of recovery in lung function. The present results indicate that real-time monitoring of PFR may be a new, complementary approach in the clinic for measurement of the extent of lung injury and recovery over time in ECMO patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stenlo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Iran A. N. Silva
- Department of Experimental Medical SciencesLung Bioengineering and RegenerationLund UniversitySweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversitySweden
| | - Snejana Hyllén
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Deniz A. Bölükbas
- Department of Experimental Medical SciencesLung Bioengineering and RegenerationLund UniversitySweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversitySweden
| | - Anna Niroomand
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
- Rutgers Robert UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Edgars Grins
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Per Ederoth
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Oskar Hallgren
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Leif Pierre
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
| | - Darcy E. Wagner
- Department of Experimental Medical SciencesLung Bioengineering and RegenerationLund UniversitySweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Lund Stem Cell CenterLund UniversitySweden
| | - Sandra Lindstedt
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Cardiothoracic Surgery and TransplantationSkåne University HospitalLund UniversitySweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular MedicineLund UniversitySweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversitySweden
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28
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Hachem H, Godara A, Schroeder C, Fein D, Mann H, Lawlor C, Marshall J, Klein A, Poutsiaka D, Breeze JL, Joshi R, Mathew P. Rapid and sustained decline in CXCL-10 (IP-10) annotates clinical outcomes following TNFα-antagonist therapy in hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19 respiratory failure. J Clin Transl Sci 2021; 5:e146. [PMID: 34457357 PMCID: PMC8376916 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2021.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A feedforward pathological signaling loop generated by TNFα and IFN-γ synergy in the inflamed lung, driving CXCL-10 (IP-10) and CXCL-9 chemokine-mediated activated T-cell and monocyte/macrophage tissue recruitment, may define the inflammatory biology of lethal COVID-19 respiratory failure. METHODS To assess TNFα-antagonist therapy, 18 hospitalized adults with hypoxic respiratory failure and COVID-19 pneumonia received single-dose infliximab-abda therapy 5 mg/kg intravenously between April and December 2020. The primary endpoint was time to increase in oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SpO2/FiO2) by ≥50 compared to baseline and sustained for 48 h. Secondary endpoints included 28-day mortality, dynamic cytokine profiles, secondary infections, duration of supplemental oxygen support, and hospitalization. FINDINGS Patients were predominantly in critical respiratory failure (15/18, 83%), male (14/18, 78%), above 60 years (median 63 years, range 31-80), race-ethnic minorities (13/18, 72%), lymphopenic (13/18, 72%), steroid-treated (17/18, 94%), with a median ferritin of 1953 ng/ml. Sixteen patients (89%) met the primary endpoint within a median of 4 days; 14/18 (78%) were discharged in a median of 8 days and were alive at 28-day follow-up. Three deaths were attributed to secondary lung infection. Mean plasma IP-10 levels declined sharply from 9183 to 483 pg/ml at Day 3 and 146 pg/ml at Day 14/discharge. Significant Day 3 declines in IFN-, TNFα, IL-27, CRP, and ferritin occurred. IP-10 and CXCL-9 declines were strongly correlated among patients with lymphopenia reversal (Day 3, Pearson r: 0.98, P-value 0.0006). INTERPRETATION Infliximab-abda may rapidly abrogate pathological inflammatory signaling to facilitate clinical recovery in severe and critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Hachem
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Northern Light Cancer Institute, Eastern Maine Medical Center, Bangor, ME, USA
| | - Amandeep Godara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Courtney Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Fein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hashim Mann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Lawlor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill Marshall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Klein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debra Poutsiaka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janis L. Breeze
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, and Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, BostonMA, USA
| | - Raghav Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Mathew
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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Brook B, Harbeson DJ, Shannon CP, Cai B, He D, Ben-Othman R, Francis F, Huang J, Varankovich N, Liu A, Bao W, Bjerregaard-Andersen M, Schaltz-Buchholzer F, Sanca L, Golding CN, Larsen KL, Levy O, Kampmann B, Tan R, Charles A, Wynn JL, Shann F, Aaby P, Benn CS, Tebbutt SJ, Kollmann TR, Amenyogbe N. BCG vaccination-induced emergency granulopoiesis provides rapid protection from neonatal sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/542/eaax4517. [PMID: 32376769 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax4517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Death from sepsis in the neonatal period remains a serious threat for millions. Within 3 days of administration, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination can reduce mortality from neonatal sepsis in human newborns, but the underlying mechanism for this rapid protection is unknown. We found that BCG was also protective in a mouse model of neonatal polymicrobial sepsis, where it induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) within hours of administration. This was necessary and sufficient to drive emergency granulopoiesis (EG), resulting in a marked increase in neutrophils. This increase in neutrophils was directly and quantitatively responsible for protection from sepsis. Rapid induction of EG after BCG administration also occurred in three independent cohorts of human neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Brook
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Danny J Harbeson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Casey P Shannon
- PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Bing Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Daniel He
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.,PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Rym Ben-Othman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Freddy Francis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Joe Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Natallia Varankovich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Aaron Liu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Winnie Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,OPEN, Institute of Clinical Research and Danish Institute for Advanced Science, University of Southern Denmark, and Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lilica Sanca
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Christian N Golding
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Kristina Lindberg Larsen
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia.,Vaccine Centre, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | | | - Rusung Tan
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adrian Charles
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - James L Wynn
- Department of Paediatrics and Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100296, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA
| | - Frank Shann
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter Aaby
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Christine S Benn
- Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.,Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.,OPEN, Institute of Clinical Research and Danish Institute for Advanced Science, University of Southern Denmark, and Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Scott J Tebbutt
- PROOF Centre of Excellence, British Columbia, 10th floor, 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K5, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Tobias R Kollmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, and BC Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada.,Telethon Kids Institute, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
| | - Nelly Amenyogbe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Room 10117, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Telethon Kids Institute, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008, Australia
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30
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Hachem H, Godara A, Schroeder C, Fein D, Mann H, Lawlor C, Marshall J, Klein A, Poutsiaka D, Breeze JL, Joshi R, Mathew P. Rapid and sustained decline in CXCL-10 (IP-10) annotates clinical outcomes following TNF-α antagonist therapy in hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19 respiratory failure. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 34100026 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.29.21258010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background A feed-forward pathological signaling loop generated by TNFα and IFN-γ in inflamed lung tissue, driving CXCL-10 (IP-10) and CXCL-9 chemokine-mediated activated T-cell and monocyte/macrophage tissue recruitment, may define, sustain and amplify the inflammatory biology of lethal COVID-19 respiratory failure. Methods To assess TNFα-antagonist therapy, 18 hospitalized adults with hypoxic respiratory failure and COVID-19 pneumonia received single-dose infliximab-abda therapy 5mg/kg intravenously between April and December 2020. The primary endpoint was time to increase in oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SpO2/FiO2) by ≥ 50 compared to baseline and sustained for 48 hours. Secondary endpoints included 28-day mortality, dynamic cytokine profiles (Human Cytokine 48-Plex Discovery Assay, Eve Technologies), secondary infections, duration of supplemental oxygen support and hospitalization. Findings Patients were predominantly in critical respiratory failure (15/18, 83%), male (14/18, 78%), above 60 years (median 63 yrs, range 31-80), race-ethnic minorities (13/18, 72%), lymphopenic (13/18, 72%), steroid-treated (17/18, 94%), with a median ferritin of 1953ng/ml. Sixteen patients (89%) met the primary endpoint within a median of 4 days, 15/18 (83%) recovered from respiratory failure, and 14/18 (78%) were discharged in a median of 8 days and were alive at 28-day follow-up. Deaths among three patients ≥ 65yrs age with pre-existing lung disease or multiple comorbidities were attributed to secondary lung infection. Mean plasma IP-10 levels declined sharply from 9183 pg/ml to 483 pg/ml at Day 3 and further to 146 pg/ml at Day 14/discharge. Significant declines in IFN- γ , TNFα, IL-27, CRP and ferritin were specifically observed at Day 3 whereas other cytokines were unmodified. IL-6 levels declined sharply among patients with baseline levels >10 pg/ml. Among 13 lymphopenic patients, six (46%) had resolution of lymphopenia by day 3, and 11 by day 14. CXCR3-ligand (IP-10 and CXCL-9) declines were strongly correlated among patients with lymphopenia reversal (Day 3, Pearson r: 0.98, p-value: 0.0006). Interpretation Consistent with a pathophysiological role of TNFα, the clinical and cytokine data indicate that infliximab-abda may rapidly abrogate pathological inflammatory signaling to facilitate clinical recovery in severe and critical COVID-19. Randomized studies are required to formally assess mortality outcomes. Funding: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
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31
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Moin ASM, Sathyapalan T, Diboun I, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Identification of macrophage activation-related biomarkers in obese type 2 diabetes that may be indicative of enhanced respiratory risk in COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6428. [PMID: 33742062 PMCID: PMC7979696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the immune system through obesity and diabetes may enhance infection severity complicated by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The objective was to determine the circulatory biomarkers for macrophage activation at baseline and after serum glucose normalization in obese type 2 diabetes (OT2D) subjects. A case-controlled interventional pilot study in OT2D (n = 23) and control subjects (n = 23). OT2D subjects underwent hyperinsulinemic clamp to normalize serum glucose. Plasma macrophage-related proteins were determined using Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer-scan plasma protein measurement at baseline (control and OT2D subjects) and after 1-h of insulin clamp (OT2D subjects only). Basal M1 macrophage activation was characterized by elevated levels of M1 macrophage-specific surface proteins, CD80 and CD38, and cytokines or chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL5, RANTES) released by activated M1 macrophages. Two potent M1 macrophage activation markers, CXCL9 and CXCL10, were decreased in OT2D. Activated M2 macrophages were characterized by elevated levels of plasma CD163, TFGβ-1, MMP7 and MMP9 in OT2D. Conventional mediators of both M1 and M2 macrophage activation markers (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13) were not altered. No changes were observed in plasma levels of M1/M2 macrophage activation markers in OT2D in response to acute normalization of glycemia. In the basal state, macrophage activation markers are elevated, and these reflect the expression of circulatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes, that were not changed by glucose normalisation. These differences could potentially predispose diabetic individuals to increased infection severity complicated by ARDS.
Clinical trial reg. no: NCT03102801; registration date April 6, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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32
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Fang KY, Cao WC, Xie TA, Lv J, Chen JX, Cao XJ, Li ZW, Deng ST, Guo XG. Exploration and validation of related hub gene expression during SARS-CoV-2 infection of human bronchial organoids. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:18. [PMID: 33726831 PMCID: PMC7962432 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the novel coronavirus pandemic, the high infection rate and high mortality have seriously affected people’s health and social order. To better explore the infection mechanism and treatment, the three-dimensional structure of human bronchus has been employed in a better in-depth study on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods We downloaded a separate microarray from the Integrated Gene Expression System (GEO) on a human bronchial organoids sample to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGS) and analyzed it with R software. After processing with R software, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto PBMCs of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were analyzed, while a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to show the interactions and influence relationships between these differential genes. Finally, the selected highly connected genes, which are called hub genes, were verified in CytoHubba plug-in. Results In this study, a total of 966 differentially expressed genes, including 490 upregulated genes and 476 downregulated genes were used. Analysis of GO and KEGG revealed that these differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to immune response and cytokines. We construct protein-protein interaction network and identify 10 hub genes, including IL6, MMP9, IL1B, CXCL8, ICAM1, FGF2, EGF, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1, and FN1. Finally, with the help of GSE150728, we verified that CXCl1, CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL5, EGF differently expressed before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in clinical patients. Conclusions In this study, we used mRNA expression data from GSE150819 to preliminarily confirm the feasibility of hBO as an in vitro model to further study the pathogenesis and potential treatment of COVID-19. Moreover, based on the mRNA differentiated expression of this model, we found that CXCL8, CXCL10, and EGF are hub genes in the process of SARS-COV-2 infection, and we emphasized their key roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection. And we also suggested that further study of these hub genes may be beneficial to treatment, prognostic prediction of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Ying Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wen-Chao Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Tian-Ao Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jia-Xin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xun-Jie Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shu-Ting Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
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Observational cohort study of IP-10's potential as a biomarker to aid in inflammation regulation within a clinical decision support protocol for patients with severe COVID-19. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245296. [PMID: 33434221 PMCID: PMC7802954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients requires simultaneous management of oxygenation and inflammation without compromising viral clearance. While multiple tools are available to aid oxygenation, data supporting immune biomarkers for monitoring the host-pathogen interaction across disease stages and for titrating immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Methods In this single-center cohort study, we used an immunoassay platform that enables rapid and quantitative measurement of interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), a host protein involved in lung injury from virus-induced hyperinflammation. A dynamic clinical decision support protocol was followed to manage patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and examine the potential utility of timely and serial measurements of IP-10 as tool in regulating inflammation. Results Overall, 502 IP-10 measurements were performed on 52 patients between 7 April and 10 May 2020, with 12 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. IP-10 levels correlated with COVID-19 severity scores and admission to the intensive care unit. Among patients in the intensive care unit, the number of days with IP-10 levels exceeding 1,000 pg/mL was associated with mortality. Administration of corticosteroid immunomodulatory therapy decreased IP-10 levels significantly. Only two patients presented with subsequent IP-10 flare-ups exceeding 1,000 pg/mL and died of COVID-19-related complications. Conclusions Serial and readily available IP-10 measurements potentially represent an actionable aid in managing inflammation in COVID-19 patients and therapeutic decision-making. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04389645, retrospectively registered on May 15, 2020.
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Vassiliou AG, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I, Orfanos SE. Endothelial Damage in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228793. [PMID: 33233715 PMCID: PMC7699909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a metabolically active continuous monolayer of squamous endothelial cells that internally lines blood vessels and mediates key processes involved in lung homoeostasis. Many of these processes are disrupted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is marked among others by diffuse endothelial injury, intense activation of the coagulation system and increased capillary permeability. Most commonly occurring in the setting of sepsis, ARDS is a devastating illness, associated with increased morbidity and mortality and no effective pharmacological treatment. Endothelial cell damage has an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and several biomarkers of endothelial damage have been tested in determining prognosis. By further understanding the endothelial pathobiology, development of endothelial-specific therapeutics might arise. In this review, we will discuss the underlying pathology of endothelial dysfunction leading to ARDS and emerging therapies. Furthermore, we will present a brief overview demonstrating that endotheliopathy is an important feature of hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G. Vassiliou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Stylianos E. Orfanos
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-2107-235-521
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Cleary SJ, Pitchford SC, Amison RT, Carrington R, Robaina Cabrera CL, Magnen M, Looney MR, Gray E, Page CP. Animal models of mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pathology. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4851-4865. [PMID: 32462701 PMCID: PMC7283621 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections has led to a substantial unmet need for treatments, many of which will require testing in appropriate animal models of this disease. Vaccine trials are already underway, but there remains an urgent need to find other therapeutic approaches to either target SARS-CoV-2 or the complications arising from viral infection, particularly the dysregulated immune response and systemic complications which have been associated with progression to severe COVID-19. At the time of writing, in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described using macaques, cats, ferrets, hamsters, and transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). These infection models have already been useful for studies of transmission and immunity, but to date only partly model the mechanisms involved in human severe COVID-19. There is therefore an urgent need for development of animal models for improved evaluation of efficacy of drugs identified as having potential in the treatment of severe COVID-19. These models need to reproduce the key mechanisms of COVID-19 severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and the immunopathology and systemic sequelae associated with this disease. Here, we review the current models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related disease mechanisms and suggest ways in which animal models can be adapted to increase their usefulness in research into COVID-19 pathogenesis and for assessing potential treatments. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID-19. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon C. Pitchford
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Richard T. Amison
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Robert Carrington
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Covance Laboratories LimitedHuntingdonUK
| | - C. Lorena Robaina Cabrera
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Elaine Gray
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- National Institute for Biological Standards and ControlHertsUK
| | - Clive P. Page
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Wang X, Caffrey-Carr AK, Liu KW, Espinosa V, Croteau W, Dhingra S, Rivera A, Cramer RA, Obar JJ. MDA5 Is an Essential Sensor of a Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Associated with Vitality That Is Necessary for Host Resistance against Aspergillus fumigatus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:3058-3070. [PMID: 33087405 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RIG-I-like receptors (RLR) are cytosolic RNA sensors that signal through the MAVS adaptor to activate IFN responses against viruses. Whether the RLR family has broader effects on host immunity against other pathogen families remains to be fully explored. In this study, we demonstrate that MDA5/MAVS signaling was essential for host resistance against pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus challenge through the regulation of antifungal leukocyte responses in mice. Activation of MDA5/MAVS signaling was driven by dsRNA from live A. fumigatus serving as a key vitality-sensing pattern recognition receptor. Interestingly, induction of type I IFNs after A. fumigatus challenge was only partially dependent on MDA5/MAVS signaling, whereas type III IFN expression was entirely dependent on MDA5/MAVS signaling. Ultimately, type I and III IFN signaling drove the expression of CXCL10. Furthermore, the MDA5/MAVS-dependent IFN response was critical for the induction of optimal antifungal neutrophil killing of A. fumigatus spores. In conclusion, our data broaden the role of the RLR family to include a role in regulating antifungal immunity against A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Alayna K Caffrey-Carr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718; and
| | - Ko-Wei Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Vanessa Espinosa
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Walburga Croteau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Sourabh Dhingra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Amariliz Rivera
- Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Robert A Cramer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Joshua J Obar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756;
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Tian J, Sun D, Xie Y, Liu K, Ma Y. Network pharmacology-based study of the molecular mechanisms of Qixuekang in treating COVID-19 during the recovery period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:2677-2690. [PMID: 33165417 PMCID: PMC7642714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this research, the analytical method of network pharmacology was used to explore Qixuekang molecular mechanism in treating Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) during the recovery period. METHODS Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to collect the active components and corresponding targets of Qixuekang. Disease targets, related to COVID-19 during the recovery period, were collected from the GeneCards database. Protein-Protein interaction (PPI) network was built by using the String database, and analyzing and using Cytoscape 3.7.0 software to screen out hub genes. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were analyzed by R 3.6.1 software. RESULTS 34 active components of Qixuekang were screened out, and 161 common targets of drug and disease were identified. GO enrichment suggested 141 biologic processes, mainly involving nuclear receptor activity, transcription factor activity, and direct ligand regulated sequence-specific DNA binding. KEGG pathway enrichment suggests 96 signaling pathways, mainly including TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signal pathway, and C-type lectin receptor signal pathway. The hub genes, screened in the PPI network, were mainly inclusive of CXCL8, CXCL2, CXCL10, ADRA2A, and ADRA2C. CONCLUSION Qixuekang has numerous components and targets in treating COVID-19 during the recovery period. It is mainly applied in anti-inflammatory action and regulating immune defense, which may guide clinical trials in the later stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500, China
- Pharmaceutical Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd.Kunming 650500, China
| | - Daolei Sun
- Plant Extraction Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Co., Ltd.Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuke Xie
- Pharmaceutical Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd.Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Pharmaceutical Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd.Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yunshu Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500, China
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Biesalski HK. Vitamin D deficiency and co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients – A fatal relationship? NFS JOURNAL 2020. [PMCID: PMC7276229 DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Kazemi Fard T, Tavakoli S, Ahmadi R, Moradi N, Fadaei R, Mohammadi A, Fallah S. Evaluation of IP10 and miRNA 296-a Expression Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell of Coronary Artery Disease Patients and Controls. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:1678-1684. [PMID: 32716219 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis, the leading underlying cause of CAD, is a progressive inflammatory disease. miRNAs play a substantial role in inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) gene expression of IP10 and miRNA 296-a and serum levels of IP10 and serum inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CAD patients and controls. This is a case-control study conducted on 82 angiography confirmed CAD patients and 82 controls. PBMC expressions of miR-296a and IP10 were evaluated by real-time method, and serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the study population. A significant increase was found for serum IP10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, and PBMC expression of IP10 and miRNA 296-a genes expression of CAD as comparison with controls. No significant correlation was found between IP10 gene expression and miRNA 296-a. A significant positive correlation was found between PBMC gene expression level of IP10 and serum concentrations of IP10 and cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Taking together, in PBMC of CAD patients, the IP10 and 296-a miRNA genes expression levels were increased significantly than controls. IP10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in CAD patients were more than those in controls significantly. Concerning positive relationship between miRNA 296-a gene expression level and serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in CAD patients, it is proposed that IL-6 and TNF-α inhibitor could be the main targets of miRNA 296a and, thereby the IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased; however, further study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Kazemi Fard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samareh Tavakoli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Reza Fadaei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asghar Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Fallah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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40
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Coperchini F, Chiovato L, Croce L, Magri F, Rotondi M. The cytokine storm in COVID-19: An overview of the involvement of the chemokine/chemokine-receptor system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 53:25-32. [PMID: 32446778 PMCID: PMC7211650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 877] [Impact Index Per Article: 219.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2019-2020 a new coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 was identified as the causative agent of a several acute respiratory infection named COVID-19, which is causing a worldwide pandemic. There are still many unresolved questions regarding the pathogenesis of this disease and especially the reasons underlying the extremely different clinical course, ranging from asymptomatic forms to severe manifestations, including the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). SARS-CoV-2 showed phylogenetic similarities to both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV viruses, and some of the clinical features are shared between COVID-19 and previously identified beta-coronavirus infections. Available evidence indicate that the so called "cytokine storm" an uncontrolled over-production of soluble markers of inflammation which, in turn, sustain an aberrant systemic inflammatory response, is a major responsible for the occurrence of ARDS. Chemokines are low molecular weight proteins with powerful chemoattractant activity which play a role in the immune cell recruitment during inflammation. This review will be aimed at providing an overview of the current knowledge on the involvement of the chemokine/chemokine-receptor system in the cytokine storm related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Basic and clinical evidences obtained from previous SARS and MERS epidemics and available data from COVID-19 will be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coperchini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Laura Croce
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Flavia Magri
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV, Italy.
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Yao MY, Zhang WH, Ma WT, Liu QH, Xing LH, Zhao GF. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 exacerbates acute respiratory distress syndrome by upregulating ICAM-1 expression via microRNA-150-5p downregulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6570-6585. [PMID: 32315984 PMCID: PMC7202495 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury in which severe inflammatory responses induce cell apoptosis, necrosis, and fibrosis. This study investigated the role of lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in ARDS and the underlying mechanism involved. The expression of MALAT1, microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was determined in ARDS patients and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Next, the interactions among MALAT1, miR-150-5p, and ICAM-1 were explored. Gain- or loss-of-function experiments in HPMECs were employed to determine cell apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft model of ARDS was established in order to verify the function of MALAT1 in vivo. MALAT1 and ICAM-1 were upregulated, while miR-150-5p was downregulated in both ARDS patients and LPS-treated HPMECs. MALAT1 upregulated ICAM-1 expression by competitively binding to miR-150-5p. MALAT1 silencing or miR-150-5p overexpression was shown to suppress HPMEC apoptosis, decrease the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) and E-selectin in HPMECs, as well as alleviated lung injury in nude mice. These findings demonstrated that MALAT1 silencing can potentially suppress HPMEC apoptosis and alleviate lung injury in ARDS via miR-150-5p-targeted ICAM-1, suggestive of a novel therapeutic target for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Yao
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Nursing College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Ma
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Hong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Xing
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Feng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
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Cai W, Leil TA, Gibiansky L, Krishna M, Zhang H, Gu H, Sun H, Throup J, Banerjee S, Girgis I. Modeling and Simulation of the Pharmacokinetics and Target Engagement of an Antagonist Monoclonal Antibody to Interferon-γ-Induced Protein 10, BMS-986184, in Healthy Participants to Guide Therapeutic Dosing. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2020; 9:689-698. [PMID: 32068354 PMCID: PMC7496395 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BMS‐986184 is a human, second‐generation, anti–interferon‐γ–induced protein 10 (IP‐10) monoclonal antibody. In this study the pharmacokinetics and target engagement (TE) of BMS‐986184 in healthy participants were characterized using population‐based target‐mediated drug disposition (TMDD) modeling and data from a first‐in‐human study (NCT02864264). The results of the first‐in‐human study and the model generated were used to conduct stochastic simulations of a virtual population of healthy participants to predict pharmacokinetic exposures and TE responses for different dosage regimens. A 2‐compartment, 2‐target, TMDD structural model, assuming quasi‐steady‐state and stimulated production on treatment, was developed by simultaneous fitting of the total drug, serum‐free IP‐10, and serum total IP‐10 concentration data, with the second unobservable target contribution to drug elimination described by the Michaelis‐Menten elimination term. Model evaluation confirmed agreement between model predictions and observed data. Simulation of a virtual population of healthy individuals demonstrated that steady state was reached at the eighth dosing interval, and that around 150 mg subcutaneously every other week could be a suitable target dosage regimen for future clinical trials. Integrated modeling strategies such as this can be used to help guide rational clinical trial development of drugs with TMDD, leading to improved dose selection and greater patient benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Cai
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tarek A Leil
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Huidong Gu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Huadong Sun
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - John Throup
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Ihab Girgis
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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Xie Y, Liu K, Luo J, Liu S, Zheng H, Cao L, Li X. Identification of DDX58 and CXCL10 as Potential Biomarkers in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1444-1451. [PMID: 31651197 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating condition of acute inflammatory lung injury and causes high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, investigations on the effective biomarkers will be significant for the understanding of ARDS. In our research, the gene expression profiles of 27 samples from ARDS patients (n = 18) and healthy controls (n = 9) were analyzed and eight gene co-expression modules were identified by constructing weighted gene co-expression network. The correlation analysis of modules with phenotypes showed that genes in the yellow and black modules, which were significantly enriched in the ARDS-related pathways, such as TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway, were associated with the phenotype "time postinfection." Genes DDX58 and CXCL10, which were highly expressed after infection and significantly enriched in ARDS-related pathways, presented high score in protein-protein interaction analysis, indicating that they may be associated with ARDS and providing novel biomarkers for its diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Kexi Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jiye Luo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Suxia Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
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Calabriso N, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Pasqualone A, Laddomada B, Carluccio MA. Phenolic extracts from whole wheat biofortified bread dampen overwhelming inflammatory response in human endothelial cells and monocytes: major role of VCAM-1 and CXCL-10. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2603-2615. [PMID: 31624866 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the vascular health properties of extracts from biofortified bread, obtained by adding different durum wheat milling by-products rich in phenolic compounds, by analyzing their effects on overwhelming inflammatory response in endothelial cells and monocytes, two main players of atherogenesis. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells or U937 monocytes were incubated with increasing concentrations (1, 5, 10 μg/mL) of biofortified bread polyphenol extracts or corresponding pure phenolic acids before stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We analyzed the endothelial-monocyte adhesion and related endothelial adhesion molecules. The expression of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines was also measured in LPS-stimulated endothelial cells and monocytes as well as intracellular oxidative stress. RESULTS Biofortified bread extracts inhibited monocyte adhesion to LPS-stimulated endothelial cells, in a concentration-dependent manner by reducing mainly endothelial VCAM-1 expression. Phenolic acid extracts contained in 10 mg biofortified bread downregulated the LPS-induced expression of chemokines MCP-1, M-CSF, and CXCL-10 as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, in endothelial cells and monocytes, with CXCL-10 as the most reduced inflammatory mediator. Among phenolic acids of biofortified bread, ferulic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated CXCL-10 expression in vascular cells. The reduced pro-inflammatory response was related to a slightly but significant reduction of intracellular oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the bread biofortified with selected durum wheat milling by-products as a source of phenolic acids with multiple anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties, which could help to counteract or prevent inflammatory vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Calabriso
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marika Massaro
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Pasqualone
- Food Science and Technology Unit, Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Laddomada
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Annunziata Carluccio
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomic and Vascular Biology, National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Zhao H, Wang P, Ma C, Wang C. Smoking Attenuates Efficacy of Penehyclidine Hydrochloride in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7295-7305. [PMID: 31562811 PMCID: PMC6784682 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Penehyclidine hydrochloride is a novel drug for acute respiratory distress syndrome. The aim of the study was to reveal the impact of smoking on the efficacy of the drug in rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Material/Methods A 132 Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study; 72 rats were used in the smoking models. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (3 mg/kg) was injected to induce acute respiratory distress syndrome. Rats were divided into the smoking group and the non-smoking group; these 2 groups were subdivided according to different treatments. The arterial blood gas analysis (PaO2/FiO2) and extent of pneumonedema (wet-to-dry weight ratio) was analyzed to evaluate disease severity. Expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinases (p-p38MAPK, p38MAPK, p-ERK, ERK, p-JNK, and JNK) in lung tissue were measured using western blot assay. Results Penehyclidine hydrochloride improved the pneumonedema (wet-to-dry weight ratio) and hyoxemia (PaO2/FiO2) of the disease in non-smoking group (P<0.001, P<0.001 respectively), but not in smoking group (P=0.244, P=0.424 respectively). The drug inhibited the expressions of phospho-p38MAPK and phospho-ERK in non-smoking group (P<0.001, P<0.001 respectively), but not in smoking group (P=0.350, P=0.507 respectively). In the smoking group, blocking the phospho-p38MAPK or phospho-ERK signal pathway by their inhibitors showed a better therapeutic effect on the pneumonedema and hyoxemia compared with the use of penehyclidine hydrochloride (phospho-p38MAPK: P=0.004, P=0.010 respectively; phospho-ERK: P=0.022, P=0.004 respectively). Conclusions The study confirmed the protective effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride in acute respiratory distress syndrome, mainly in the non-smoking group, which might be explained by the fact that phospho-p38MAPK and phospho-ERK signal pathways were difficult to inhibit by the drug in the smoking group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chengen Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chunting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Le Coz C, Bengsch B, Khanna C, Trofa M, Ohtani T, Nolan BE, Henrickson SE, Lambert MP, Kim TO, Despotovic JM, Feldman S, Fadugba OO, Takach P, Ruffner M, Jyonouchi S, Heimall J, Sullivan KE, Wherry EJ, Romberg N. Common variable immunodeficiency-associated endotoxemia promotes early commitment to the T follicular lineage. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:1660-1673. [PMID: 31445098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although chiefly a B-lymphocyte disorder, several research groups have identified common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) subjects with numeric and/or functional TH cell alterations. The causes, interrelationships, and consequences of CVID-associated CD4+ T-cell derangements to hypogammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production, or both remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine how circulating CD4+ T cells are altered in CVID subjects with autoimmune cytopenias (AICs; CVID+AIC) and the causes of these derangements. METHODS Using hypothesis-generating, high-dimensional single-cell analyses, we created comprehensive phenotypic maps of circulating CD4+ T cells. Differences between subject groups were confirmed in a large and genetically diverse cohort of CVID subjects (n = 69) by using flow cytometry, transcriptional profiling, multiplex cytokine/chemokine detection, and a suite of in vitro functional assays measuring naive T-cell differentiation, B-cell/T-cell cocultures, and regulatory T-cell suppression. RESULTS Although CD4+ TH cell profiles from healthy donors and CVID subjects without AICs were virtually indistinguishable, T cells from CVID+AIC subjects exhibited follicular features as early as thymic egress. Follicular skewing correlated with IgA deficiency-associated endotoxemia and endotoxin-induced expression of activin A and inducible T-cell costimulator ligand. The resulting enlarged circulating follicular helper T-cell population from CVID+AIC subjects provided efficient help to receptive healthy donor B cells but not unresponsive CVID B cells. Despite this, circulating follicular helper T cells from CVID+AIC subjects exhibited aberrant transcriptional profiles and altered chemokine/cytokine receptor expression patterns that interfered with regulatory T-cell suppression assays and were associated with autoantibody production. CONCLUSIONS Endotoxemia is associated with early commitment to the follicular T-cell lineage in IgA-deficient CVID subjects, particularly those with AICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Le Coz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Khanna
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Melissa Trofa
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Takuya Ohtani
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Brian E Nolan
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Sarah E Henrickson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Michele P Lambert
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Taylor Olmsted Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Jenny M Despotovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Scott Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Olajumoke O Fadugba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Patricia Takach
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Melanie Ruffner
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Soma Jyonouchi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jennifer Heimall
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - E John Wherry
- Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
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Tsai CF, Chen JH, Yeh WL. Pulmonary fibroblasts-secreted CXCL10 polarizes alveolar macrophages under pro-inflammatory stimuli. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 380:114698. [PMID: 31394157 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During acute lung injury, lung fibroblasts produce chemokines that assist the activation and migration of resident macrophages. The interactions between pulmonary fibroblasts and alveolar macrophages demonstrate the early event in the recruitment of immune cells, and the production of chemokines appear to be central mediators of the initiation and progression of inflammatory responses. In this study, the aim was to investigate the signaling pathway leading to CXCL10 secretion and the effects of CXCL10 released by activated fibroblasts on regulating macrophage polarization in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment. METHODS The expression of chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10, and CXCL12, and the phosphorylation of signaling molecules STAT3, FAK, GSK3αβ and PKCδ were investigated by real time-PCR, ELISA, or Western blot on TNFα- or IL-1β-activated MRC-5 pulmonary fibroblasts. By collecting conditioned medium from TNFα-activated fibroblasts, the expression of iNOS and arginase I on MH-S alveolar macrophages were examined by real-time PCR. Surface markers CD86 and CD206 expressions on alveolar macrophages were also evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that CXCL10 production was significantly elevated on MRC-5 fibroblasts under TNFα- or IL-1β treatment. In addition, we revealed that TNFα and IL-1β initiated phosphorylation of STAT3, FAK, GSK3αβ and PKCδ signaling cascade, leading to the elevation of CXCL10 expression. Moreover, conditioned medium collected from TNFα-activated MRC-5 fibroblasts increased iNOS and CD86 expressions and decreased arginase I and CD206 expressions on MH-S alveolar macrophages, and neutralization of CXCL10 abolished these observed phenomena. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CXCL10 is crucial in activated fibroblasts-promoted M1 phenotype polarization of alveolar macrophages. In this regard, targeting fibroblasts-released CXCL10 may be promising as anti-inflammatory therapy against acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, No.500 Lioufeng Road, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lan Yeh
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Wang CY, Shang M, Zhou CL, Feng LZ, Zhou QS, Hu K. Mechanism of Cxc Chemokine Ligand 5 (CXCL5)/Cxc Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) Bio-Axis in Mice with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5299-5305. [PMID: 31311916 PMCID: PMC6659456 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common acute and severe disease in clinic. Recent studies indicated that Cxc chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), an inflammatory chemokine, was associated with tumorigenesis. The present study investigated the role of the CXCL5/Cxc chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) bio-axis in ARDS, and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS The pathological morphology of lung tissue and degree of pulmonary edema were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and pulmonary edema score, respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression levels of CXCL5, CXCR2, Matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2), and Matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) in lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the expression levels of CXCL5 and inflammatory factors (IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-10) in serum. RESULTS The results demonstrated that diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary edema appeared in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS and were positively correlated with the severity of ARDS. In addition, CXCL5 and its receptor CXCR2 were overexpressed by upregulation of MMP2 and MMP9 in lung tissues of ARDS. In addition, CXCL5 neutralizing antibody effectively alleviated inflammatory response, diffuse alveolar damage, and pulmonary edema, and decreased the expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 compared to LPS-induced ARDS. CONCLUSIONS We found that CXCL5/CXCR2 accelerated the progression of ARDS, partly by upregulation of MMP2 and MMP9 in lung tissues with the release of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-yong Wang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Min Shang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Chen-liang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Li-zhi Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Qing-shan Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Interleukin 1 Receptor-Like 1 (IL1RL1) Promotes Airway Bacterial and Viral Infection and Inflammation. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00340-19. [PMID: 31061143 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00340-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1), also known as suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), is the receptor for interleukin 33 (IL-33) and has been increasingly studied in type 2 inflammation. An increase in airway IL-33/ST2 signaling in asthma has been associated with eosinophilic inflammation, but little is known about the role of ST2 in neutrophilic inflammation. Airway Mycoplasma pneumoniae and human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are linked to neutrophilic inflammation during acute exacerbations of asthma. However, whether ST2 contributes to M. pneumoniae- and HRV-mediated airway inflammation is poorly understood. The current study sought to determine the functions of ST2 during airway M. pneumoniae or HRV infection. In cultured normal human primary airway epithelial cells, ST2 overexpression (OE) increased the production of neutrophilic chemoattractant IL-8 in the absence or presence of M. pneumoniae or HRV1B infection. ST2 OE also enhanced HRV1B-induced IP-10, a chemokine involved in asthma exacerbations. In the M. pneumoniae-infected mouse model, ST2 deficiency, in contrast to sufficiency, significantly reduced the levels of neutrophils following acute (≤24 h) infection, while in the HRV1B-infected mouse model, ST2 deficiency significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines KC, IP-10, and IL-33 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Overall, ST2 overexpression in human epithelial cells and ST2 sufficiency in mice increased the M. pneumoniae and HRV loads in cell supernatants and BAL fluid. After pathogen infection, ST2-deficient mice showed a higher level of the host defense protein lactotransferrin in BAL fluid. Our data suggest that ST2 promotes proinflammatory responses (e.g., neutrophils) to airway bacterial and viral infection and that blocking ST2 signaling may broadly attenuate airway infection and inflammation.
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Zhang ZM, Wang YC, Chen L, Li Z. Protective effects of the suppressed NF-κB/TLR4 signaling pathway on oxidative stress of lung tissue in rat with acute lung injury. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 35:265-276. [PMID: 31001923 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by lung inflammation and lung oxidative stress. The study was conducted in order to investigate the effect toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) exhibited on oxidative stress in ALI. After the rats had been assigned into different groups, arterial blood, white blood cell (WBC), lung permeability index (LPI), wet/dry (W/D) ratio, TLR4 and NF-κB expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined. Afterward, the correlation between the levels of TLR4 and NF-κB was determined. Decreased levels of PaO2 , SOD, MPO, and GSH accompanied by increased levels of PaCO2 , WBC number, LPI and W/D ratio, MDA and ROS, as well as TLR4 and NF-κB expressions in the ALI, ALI + NF-κB inhibitor, and ALI + phosphate buffer saline groups were found. Inhibition of NF-κB resulted in increased PaO2 and decreased PaCO2 levels, WBC number, and LPI and W/D ratio. Decreased expression of NF-κB increased SOD, GSH, and MPO, but decreased MDA and ROS. We also found that NF-κB inhibition resulted in the improvement of ALI in rats. TLR4 and NF-κB expressions were negatively correlated with levels of SOD, MPO, and GSH, and positively correlated with MDA and ROS levels. In summary, our findings provided evidence that inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway decreases oxidative stress, thereby improving ALI. As a result, NF-κB signaling pathway has shown potential as a therapeutic target in ALI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Cun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
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