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Arredondo Montero J, Ros Briones R, Fernández-Celis A, López-Andrés N, Martín-Calvo N. Diagnostic Performance of Serum Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein 1 in Pediatric Acute Appendicitis: A Prospective Validation Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1821. [PMID: 39200285 PMCID: PMC11352011 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG-1) is a human protein that has shown potential usefulness as a biomarker for diagnosing pediatric acute appendicitis (PAA). This study aims to validate the diagnostic performance of serum LRG-1 in PAA. Material and Methods: This work is a subgroup analysis from BIDIAP (BIomarkers for DIagnosing Appendicitis in Pediatrics), a prospective single-center observational cohort, to validate serum LRG-1 as a diagnostic tool in PAA. This analysis included 200 patients, divided into three groups: (1) healthy patients undergoing major outpatient surgery (n = 56), (2) patients with non-surgical abdominal pain (n = 52), and (3) patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAA (n = 92). Patients in group 3 were divided into complicated and uncomplicated PAA. In all patients, a serum sample was obtained during recruitment, and LRG-1 concentration was determined by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Comparative statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Fisher's exact tests. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) was calculated for all pertinent analyses. Results: Serum LRG-1 values, expressed as median (interquartile range) were 23,145 (18,246-27,453) ng/mL in group 1, 27,655 (21,151-38,795) ng/mL in group 2 and 40,409 (32,631-53,655) ng/mL in group 3 (p < 0.0001). Concerning the type of appendicitis, the serum LRG-1 values obtained were 38,686 (31,804-48,816) ng/mL in the uncomplicated PAA group and 51,857 (34,013-64,202) ng/mL in the complicated PAA group (p = 0.02). The area under the curve (AUC) obtained (group 2 vs. 3) was 0.75 (95% CI 0.67-0.84). For the discrimination between complicated and uncomplicated PAA, the AUC obtained was 0.66 (95% CI 0.52-0.79). Conclusions: This work establishes normative health ranges for serum LRG-1 values in the pediatric population and shows that serum LRG-1 could be a potentially helpful tool for diagnosing PAA in the future. Future prospective multicenter studies, with the parallel evaluation of urinary and salivary LRG-1, are necessary to assess the implementability of this molecule in actual clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Ros Briones
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, NavarraBiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Hospital Universitario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, NavarraBiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Hospital Universitario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Martín-Calvo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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McGinnis CS, Miao Z, Superville D, Yao W, Goga A, Reticker-Flynn NE, Winkler J, Satpathy AT. The temporal progression of lung immune remodeling during breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1018-1031.e6. [PMID: 38821060 PMCID: PMC11255555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis requires systemic remodeling of distant organ microenvironments that impacts immune cell phenotypes, population structure, and intercellular communication. However, our understanding of immune phenotypic dynamics in the metastatic niche remains incomplete. Here, we longitudinally assayed lung immune transcriptional profiles in the polyomavirus middle T antigen (PyMT) and 4T1 metastatic breast cancer models from primary tumorigenesis, through pre-metastatic niche formation, to the final stages of metastatic outgrowth at single-cell resolution. Computational analyses of these data revealed a TLR-NFκB inflammatory program enacted by both peripherally derived and tissue-resident myeloid cells that correlated with pre-metastatic niche formation and mirrored CD14+ "activated" myeloid cells in the primary tumor. Moreover, we observed that primary tumor and metastatic niche natural killer (NK) cells are differentially regulated in mice and human patient samples, with the metastatic niche featuring elevated cytotoxic NK cell proportions. Finally, we identified cell-type-specific dynamic regulation of IGF1 and CCL6 signaling during metastatic progression that represents anti-metastatic immunotherapy candidate pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S McGinnis
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
| | - Zhuang Miao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Daphne Superville
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Winnie Yao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrei Goga
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Juliane Winkler
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA.
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Göbel A, Rachner TD, Hoffmann O, Klotz DM, Kasimir-Bauer S, Kimmig R, Hofbauer LC, Bittner AK. High serum levels of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) are associated with poor survival in patients with early breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:2789-2798. [PMID: 38413424 PMCID: PMC11147863 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is mainly produced in the liver. Elevated levels of LRG-1 are found in a multitude of pathological conditions including eye diseases, diabetes, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In patients with early breast cancer (BC), high intratumoral LRG-1 protein expression levels are associated with reduced survival. In this study, we assessed serum levels of LRG-1 in patients with early BC and investigated its correlation with the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow and survival outcomes. METHODS Serum LRG-1 levels of 509 BC patients were determined using ELISA and DTCs were assessed by immunocytochemistry using the pan-cytokeratin antibody A45-B/B3. We stratified LRG-1 levels according to selected clinical parameters. Using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test and multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and prognostic relevance were assessed. RESULTS Mean serum levels of LRG-1 were 29.70 ± 8.67 µg/ml. Age was positively correlated with LRG-1 expression (r = 0.19; p < 0.0001) and significantly higher LRG-1 levels were found in patients over 60 years compared to younger ones (30.49 ± 8.63 µg/ml vs. 28.85 ± 8.63 µg/ml; p = 0.011) and in postmenopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients (30.15 ± 8.34 µg/ml vs. 26.936.94 µg/ml; p = 0.002). Patients with no DTCs showed significantly elevated LRG-1 levels compared to the DTC-positive group (30.51 ± 8.69 µg/ml vs. 28.51 ± 8.54 µg/ml; p = 0.004). Overall and BC-specific survival was significantly lower in patients with high serum LRG-1 levels (above a cut-off of 33.63 µg/ml) compared to patients with lower LRG-1 levels during a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (24.8% vs. 11.1% BC-specific death; p = 0.0003; odds ratio 2.63, 95%CI: 1.56-4.36). Multivariate analyses revealed that LRG-1 is an independent prognostic marker for BC-specific survival (p = 0.001; hazard ratio 2.61). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential of LRG-1 as an independent prognostic biomarker in patients with early BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin Klotz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Bittner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
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Chen C, Zhang J, Yu T, Feng H, Liao J, Jia Y. LRG1 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Multiple Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:237-248. [PMID: 38799248 PMCID: PMC11126829 DOI: 10.1159/000538443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of kidney diseases has become a significant public health issue, with a global prevalence exceeding 10%. In order to accurately identify biochemical changes and treatment outcomes associated with kidney diseases, novel methods targeting specific genes have been discovered. Among these genes, leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been identified to function as a multifunctional pathogenic signaling molecule in multiple diseases, including kidney diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the roles of LRG1 in different types of kidney diseases. Summary Based on a comprehensive review, it was found that LRG1 was upregulated in the urine, serum, or renal tissues of patients or experimental animal models with multiple kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, kidney injury, IgA nephropathy, chronic kidney diseases, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, end-stage renal disease, canine leishmaniosis-induced kidney disease, kidney fibrosis, and aristolochic acid nephropathy. Mechanistically, the role of LRG1 in kidney diseases is believed to be detrimental, potentially through its regulation of various genes and signaling cascades, i.e., fibronectin 1, GPR56, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR-2, death receptor 5, GDF15, HIF-1α, SPP1, activin receptor-like kinase 1-Smad1/5/8, NLRP3-IL-1b, and transforming growth factor β pathway. Key Messages Further research is needed to fully comprehend the molecular mechanisms by which LRG1 contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of kidney diseases. It is anticipated that targeted treatments focusing on LRG1 will be utilized in clinical trials and implemented in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dean People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Haiya Feng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yifei Jia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Luo T, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Gao M, Wang H. Plasma leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: vertical variation, correlation with T helper 17/regulatory T ratio, and predictive value on major adverse cardiovascular events. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1326897. [PMID: 38742172 PMCID: PMC11089199 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1326897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) promotes inflammation and myocardial injury, but its clinical role in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is rarely disclosed. Herein, this prospective study aimed to explore the value of plasma LRG1 at different time points to predict major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk in patients with STEMI. Methods In total, 209 patients with STEMI were enrolled for determining plasma LRG1 at admission and on day (D)1/D7/D30 after admission via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as for determination of peripheral blood T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells by flow cytometry. In addition, plasma LRG1 was obtained from 30 healthy controls at enrollment. Results LRG1 was increased in patients with STEMI at admission compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). In patients with STEMI, LRG1 varied at different time points (P < 0.001), which elevated from admission to D1, and gradually declined thereafter. LRG1 at admission was positively associated with Th17 cells (P = 0.001) and Th17/Treg ratio (P = 0.014). LRG1 at admission (P = 0.013), D1 (P = 0.034), D7 (P = 0.001), and D30 (P = 0.010) were increased in patients with MACE compared with those without. LRG1 at D7 exhibited good ability to estimate MACE risk (area under curve = 0.750, 95% confidence interval = 0.641-0.858). LRG1 at admission > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.031) and D7 > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.018) were linked with increased accumulating MACE. Importantly, LRG1 at D7 > 60 μg/ml was independently correlated with increased MACE risk (hazard ratio = 5.216, P = 0.033). Conclusion Plasma LRG1 increases from admission to D1 and gradually declines until D30, which positively links with Th17 cells and MACE risk in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Guldvik IJ, Ramberg H, Kristensen G, Røder A, Mills IG, Lilleby W, Taskén KA. Systemic interrogation of immune-oncology-related proteins in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation and intensity-modulated radiotherapy. World J Urol 2024; 42:95. [PMID: 38386171 PMCID: PMC10884049 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-04787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective was to establish whether blood-based leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) can predict outcomes in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) and to determine how it may relate to 92 immune-oncology (I-O)-related proteins in this setting. METHODS Baseline blood level of LRG1 from patients treated with ADT and RT enrolled in the CuPCa (n = 128) and IMRT (n = 81) studies was measured using ELISA. A longitudinal cohort with matched blood samples from start of ADT, start of RT, and end of RT protocol from 47 patients from the IMRT cohort was used to establish levels of I-O proteins by high-multiplexing Proximal Extension Assay by Olink Proteomics. Statistical analyses using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and LIMMA analyses were applied to predict the prognostic value of LRG1 and its correlation to I-O proteins. RESULTS High baseline levels of LRG1 predicted a low frequency of treatment failure in patients undergoing ADT + RT in both the CuPCa and the IMRT cohorts. LRG1 was moderately correlated with CD4, IL6, and CSF1. We identified I-O proteins predicting metastatic failure (MF) at different timepoints. CONCLUSION LRG1 biomarker is associated with I-O proteins and can be used to improve stratification and monitoring of prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT + RT. This work will require further in-depth analyses in independent cohorts with treatment outcome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Jenny Guldvik
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Håkon Ramberg
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gitte Kristensen
- Department of Urology, Center for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Røder
- Department of Urology, Center for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ian G Mills
- Cancer Research UK, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Kristin Austlid Taskén
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Grzesiak L, Amaya-Garrido A, Feuillet G, Malet N, Swiader A, Sarthou MK, Wahart A, Ramel D, Gayral S, Schanstra JP, Klein J, Laffargue M. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Accumulates in Complicated Atherosclerosis and Promotes Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16537. [PMID: 38003727 PMCID: PMC10671851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease. The development of plaque complications, such as calcification and neo-angiogenesis, strongly impacts plaque stability and is a good predictor of mortality in patients with atherosclerosis. Despite well-known risk factors of plaque complications, such as diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We and others have identified that the concentration of circulating leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was increased in diabetic and chronic kidney disease patients. Using apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE-/-) (fed with Western diet) that developed advanced atherosclerosis and using human carotid endarterectomy, we showed that LRG1 accumulated into an atherosclerotic plaque, preferentially in calcified areas. We then investigated the possible origin of LRG1 and its functions on vascular cells and found that LRG1 expression was specifically enhanced in endothelial cells via inflammatory mediators and not in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Moreover, we identified that LRG1 was able to induce calcification and SMAD1/5-signaling pathways in VSMC. In conclusion, our results identified for the first time that LRG1 is a direct contributor to vascular calcification and suggest a role of this molecule in the development of plaque complications in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Grzesiak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Amaya-Garrido
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Guylène Feuillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Malet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Swiader
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Kerguelen Sarthou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Amandine Wahart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Ramel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Gayral
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Joost Peter Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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Yang J, Yin GN, Kim DK, Han AR, Lee DS, Min KW, Fu Y, Yun J, Suh JK, Ryu JK, Kim HM. Crystal structure of LRG1 and the functional significance of LRG1 glycan for LPHN2 activation. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-00992-4. [PMID: 37121976 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The serum glycoprotein leucine-rich ɑ-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), primarily produced by hepatocytes and neutrophils, is a multifunctional protein that modulates various signaling cascades, mainly TGFβ signaling. Serum LRG1 and neutrophil-derived LRG1 have different molecular weights due to differences in glycosylation, but the impact of the differential glycan composition in LRG1 on its cellular function is largely unknown. We previously reported that LRG1 can promote both angiogenic and neurotrophic processes under hyperglycemic conditions by interacting with LPHN2. Here, we determined the crystal structure of LRG1, identifying the horseshoe-like solenoid structure of LRG1 and its four N-glycosylation sites. In addition, our biochemical and cell-biological analyses found that the deglycosylation of LRG1, particularly the removal of glycans on N325, is critical for the high-affinity binding of LRG1 to LPHN2 and thus promotes LRG1/LPHN2-mediated angiogenic and neurotrophic processes in mouse tissue explants, even under normal glucose conditions. Moreover, the intracavernous administration of deglycosylated LRG1 in a diabetic mouse model ameliorated vascular and neurological abnormalities and restored erectile function. Collectively, these data indicate a novel role of LRG1 glycans as molecular switches that can tune the range of LRG1's cellular functions, particularly the LRG1/LPHN2 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yang
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Kyun Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Wook Min
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaoyao Fu
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Yun
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Min Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Rešetar Maslov D, Farkaš V, Rubić I, Kuleš J, Beletić A, Beer Ljubić B, Šmit I, Mrljak V, Torti M. Serum Proteomic Profiles Reflect the Stages of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087142. [PMID: 37108311 PMCID: PMC10138901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is similar to Barlow's form of MMVD in humans. These valvulopathies are complex, with varying speeds of progression. We hypothesized that the relative abundances of serum proteins would help identify the consecutive MMVD stages and discover new disease pathways on a systemic level. To identify distinction-contributing protein panels for disease onset and progression, we compared the proteomic profiles of serum from healthy dogs and dogs with different stages of naturally occurring MMVD. Dogs were divided into experimental groups on the basis of the left-atrium-to-aorta ratio and normalized left ventricular internal dimension in diastole values. Serum was collected from healthy (N = 12) dogs, dogs diagnosed with MMVD in stages B1 (N = 13) and B2 (N = 12) (asymptomatic), and dogs diagnosed with MMVD in chronic stage C (N = 13) (symptomatic). Serum biochemistry and selected ELISAs (galectin-3, suppression of tumorigenicity, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) were performed. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics, and statistical and bioinformatics analysis were employed. Most of the 21 serum proteins with significantly different abundances between experimental groups (p < 0.05, FDR ˂ 0.05) were classified as matrix metalloproteinases, protease inhibitors, scaffold/adaptor proteins, complement components, anticoagulants, cytokine, and chaperone. LC-MS TMT proteomics results obtained for haptoglobin, clusterin, and peptidase D were further validated analytically. Canine MMVD stages, including, for the first time, asymptomatic B1 and B2 stages, were successfully distinguished in dogs with the disease and healthy dogs on the basis of the relative abundances of a panel of specific serum proteins. Most proteins with significantly different abundances were involved in immune and inflammatory pathways. Their role in structural remodeling and progression of canine MMVD must be further investigated. Further research is needed to confirm the resemblance/difference with human MMVD. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with the unique dataset identifier PXD038475.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Rešetar Maslov
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Farkaš
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anđelo Beletić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Šmit
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Torti
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova Street 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Neonatal prophylactic antibiotics after preterm birth affect plasma proteome and immune development in pigs. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02492-7. [PMID: 36804504 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most preterm infants receive antibiotics to prevent serious infections shortly after birth. However, prolonged antibiotic treatment predisposes to gut dysbiosis and late-onset sepsis. Using preterm pigs as model, we hypothesized that neonatal prophylactic antibiotics impair systemic immune development beyond the days of antibiotic treatment. METHODS Preterm pigs (90% gestation) were fed formula for 9 days, treated with sterile water (CON) or enteral antibiotics from day 1 to 4. On days 5 and 9, blood was collected for haematology, in vitro LPS stimulation, and plasma proteomics. RESULTS Antibiotic treatment altered the abundance of 21 and 47 plasma proteins on days 5 and 9, representing 6.6% and 14.8% of the total annotated proteins, respectively. Most antibiotics-induced proteome changes related to complement cascade, neutrophil degranulation, and acute phase responses. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were higher in antibiotics-treated pigs on day 5 but did not change from days 5-9, in contrast to increasing cell counts in CON. The antibiotics treatment suppressed TNF-alpha and IL-10 responses to in vitro LPS challenge on day 5, 7 and 9. CONCLUSION Few days of antibiotics treatment following preterm birth alter the plasma proteome and inhibit systemic immune development, even beyond the days of treatment. IMPACT 1. Neonatal prophylactic antibiotics alter the plasma proteome and suppress systemic immune development in preterm pigs 2. The effects of prophylactic antibiotics last beyond the days of treatment. 3. Neonatal antibiotics treatment for compromised human newborns may predispose to longer-term risks of impaired immunity and infections.
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11
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Liu JJ, Liu S, Wang J, Pek SL, Lee J, Gurung RL, Ang K, Shao YM, Tavintharan S, Tang WE, Sum CF, Lim SC. Urine Leucine-Rich α-2 Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) Predicts the Risk of Progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:408-415. [PMID: 36516193 PMCID: PMC9887617 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was recently identified as an amplifier of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced kidney fibrosis in animal models. We aimed to study whether urine LRG1 is associated with risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1,837 participants with type 2 diabetes and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were recruited from a regional hospital and a primary care facility. Association of urine LRG1 with risk of ESKD (progression to sustained eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2, dialysis, or death resulting from renal causes) was assessed by survival analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.6 (interquartile range 5.8-9.6) years, 134 incident ESKD events were identified. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, participants with baseline urine LRG1 in the highest tertile had a 1.91-fold (95% CI 1.04-3.50) increased risk of progression to ESKD, after adjustment for cardiorenal risk factors, including eGFR and albuminuria. As a continuous variable, 1 SD increment in urine LRG1 was associated with a 1.53-fold (95% CI 1.19-1.98) adjusted risk of ESKD. Of note, the association of urine LRG1 with ESKD was independent of plasma LRG1. Moreover, urine LRG1 was associated with rapid kidney function decline and progression to macroalbuminuria, two common pathways leading to ESKD. CONCLUSIONS Urine LRG1, a TGF-β signaling modulator, predicts risk of progression to ESKD independently of clinical risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that it may be a novel factor involved in the pathophysiological pathway leading to kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jiexun Wang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Janus Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yi Ming Shao
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Center, Admiralty Medical Center, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Center, Admiralty Medical Center, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Heath, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Corresponding author: Su Chi Lim,
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12
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Li J, Mukiibi R, Jiminez J, Wang Z, Akanno EC, Timsit E, Plastow GS. Applying multi-omics data to study the genetic background of bovine respiratory disease infection in feedlot crossbred cattle. Front Genet 2022; 13:1046192. [PMID: 36579334 PMCID: PMC9790935 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1046192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common and costly infectious disease affecting the wellbeing and productivity of beef cattle in North America. BRD is a complex disease whose development is dependent on environmental factors and host genetics. Due to the polymicrobial nature of BRD, our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease is still limited. This knowledge would augment the development of better genetic/genomic selection strategies and more accurate diagnostic tools to reduce BRD prevalence. Therefore, this study aimed to utilize multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics) analyses to study the genetic and molecular mechanisms of BRD infection. Blood samples of 143 cattle (80 BRD; 63 non-BRD animals) were collected for genotyping, RNA sequencing, and metabolite profiling. Firstly, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed for BRD susceptibility using 207,038 SNPs. Two SNPs (Chr5:25858264 and BovineHD1800016801) were identified as associated (p-value <1 × 10-5) with BRD susceptibility. Secondly, differential gene expression between BRD and non-BRD animals was studied. At the significance threshold used (log2FC>2, logCPM>2, and FDR<0.01), 101 differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified. These DE genes significantly (p-value <0.05) enriched several immune responses related functions such as inflammatory response. Additionally, we performed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and identified 420 cis-eQTLs and 144 trans-eQTLs significantly (FDR <0.05) associated with the expression of DE genes. Interestingly, eQTL results indicated the most significant SNP (Chr5:25858264) identified via GWAS was a cis-eQTL for DE gene GPR84. This analysis also demonstrated that an important SNP (rs209419196) located in the promoter region of the DE gene BPI significantly influenced the expression of this gene. Finally, the abundance of 31 metabolites was significantly (FDR <0.05) different between BRD and non-BRD animals, and 17 of them showed correlations with multiple DE genes, which shed light on the interactions between immune response and metabolism. This study identified associations between genome, transcriptome, metabolome, and BRD phenotype of feedlot crossbred cattle. The findings may be useful for the development of genomic selection strategies for BRD susceptibility, and for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Li
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Robert Mukiibi
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Janelle Jiminez
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Everestus C. Akanno
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edouard Timsit
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Graham S. Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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13
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Sarkar A, Chakraborty D, Kumar V, Malhotra R, Biswas S. Upregulation of leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein: A key regulator of inflammation and joint fibrosis in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028994. [PMID: 36569927 PMCID: PMC9768428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joints mainly affecting older individuals. Since the etiology behind the progression of OA is not well understood, several associated consequences, such as synovial joint stiffness and its progression due to joint fibrosis, are still poorly understood. Although a lot of developments have been achieved in the diagnosis and management of OA, synovial fibrosis remains one of the major challenging consequences. The present study was therefore focused on understanding the mechanism of synovial fibrosis, which may further contribute to improving symptomatic treatments, leading to overall improvements in the treatment outcomes of patients with OA. Methods We used advanced proteomic techniques including isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra for the identification of differentially expressed proteins in the plasma samples of patients with OA. An in silico study was carried out to evaluate the association of the identified proteins with their biological processes related to fibrosis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The most significantly upregulated protein was then validated by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The target protein was then further investigated for its role in inflammation and joint fibrosis using an in vitro study model. Results Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG1) was found to be the most highly differentially expressed upregulated (9.4-fold) protein in the plasma samples of patients with OA compared to healthy controls. The knockdown of LRG1 followed by in vitro studies revealed that this protein promotes the secretion of the ECM in synovial cells and actively plays a role in wound healing and cell migration. The knockdown of LRG1 further confirmed the reduction of the inflammatory- and fibrosis-related markers in primary cells. Conclusion LRG1 was identified as a highly significant upregulated protein in the plasma samples of patients with OA. It was found to be associated with increased fibrosis and cell migration, leading to enhanced inflammation and joint stiffness in OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sarkar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University, Delhi, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debolina Chakraborty
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University, Delhi, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sagarika Biswas
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University, Delhi, India,*Correspondence: Sagarika Biswas,
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Lundquist H, Andersson H, Chew MS, Das J, Turkina MV, Welin A. The Olfactomedin-4-Defined Human Neutrophil Subsets Differ in Proteomic Profile in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Septic Shock. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:351-364. [PMID: 36450268 PMCID: PMC10701106 DOI: 10.1159/000527649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific granule glycoprotein olfactomedin-4 (Olfm4) marks a subset (1-70%) of human neutrophils and the Olfm4-high (Olfm4-H) proportion has been found to correlate with septic shock severity. The aim of this study was to decipher proteomic differences between the subsets in healthy individuals, hypothesizing that Olfm4-H neutrophils have a proteomic profile distinct from that of Olfm4 low (Olfm4-L) neutrophils. We then extended the investigation to septic shock. A novel protocol for the preparation of fixed, antibody-stained, and sorted neutrophils for LC-MS/MS was developed. In healthy individuals, 39 proteins showed increased abundance in Olfm4-H, including the small GTPases Rab3d and Rab11a. In Olfm4-L, 52 proteins including neutrophil defensin alpha 4, CXCR1, Rab3a, and S100-A7 were more abundant. The data suggest differences in important neutrophil proteins that might impact immunological processes. However, in vitro experiments revealed no apparent difference in the ability to control bacteria nor produce oxygen radicals. In subsets isolated from patients with septic shock, 24 proteins including cytochrome b-245 chaperone 1 had significantly higher abundance in Olfm4-H and 30 in Olfm4-L, including Fc receptor proteins. There was no correlation between Olfm4-H proportion and septic shock severity, but plasma Olfm4 concentration was elevated in septic shock. Thus, the Olfm4-H and Olfm4-L neutrophils have different proteomic profiles, but there was no evident functional significance of the differences in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lundquist
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michelle S Chew
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jyotirmoy Das
- Bioinformatics, Core Facility, Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Clinical Genomics Linköping, SciLife Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria V Turkina
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Amanda Welin
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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15
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Becker YLC, Duvvuri B, Fortin PR, Lood C, Boilard E. The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:621-640. [PMID: 36175664 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an intracellular organelle thought to originate from endosymbiosis between an ancestral eukaryotic cell and an α-proteobacterium. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, and can control several important processes within the cell, such as cell death. Conversely, dysregulation of mitochondria possibly contributes to the pathophysiology of several autoimmune diseases. Defects in mitochondria can be caused by mutations in the mitochondrial genome or by chronic exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, including type I interferons. Following the release of intact mitochondria or mitochondrial components into the cytosol or the extracellular space, the bacteria-like molecular motifs of mitochondria can elicit pro-inflammatory responses by the innate immune system. Moreover, antibodies can target mitochondria in autoimmune diseases, suggesting an interplay between the adaptive immune system and mitochondria. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. An understanding of the different contributions of mitochondria to distinct rheumatic diseases or manifestations could permit the development of novel therapeutic strategies and the use of mitochondria-derived biomarkers to inform pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann L C Becker
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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16
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Ailioaie LM, Ailioaie C, Litscher G. Biomarkers in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Their Importance in COVID Era. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12757. [PMID: 36361547 PMCID: PMC9655921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and its complication, macrophage activation syndrome (sJIA-MAS), are rare but sometimes very serious or even critical diseases of childhood that can occasionally be characterized by nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms at onset-such as non-remitting high fever, headache, rash, or arthralgia-and are biologically accompanied by an increase in acute-phase reactants. For a correct positive diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out bacterial or viral infections, neoplasia, and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Delays in diagnosis will result in late initiation of targeted therapy. A set of biomarkers is useful to distinguish sJIA or sJIA-MAS from similar clinical entities, especially when arthritis is absent. Biomarkers should be accessible to many patients, with convenient production and acquisition prices for pediatric medical laboratories, as well as being easy to determine, having high sensitivity and specificity, and correlating with pathophysiological disease pathways. The aim of this review was to identify the newest and most powerful biomarkers and their synergistic interaction for easy and accurate recognition of sJIA and sJIA-MAS, so as to immediately guide clinicians in correct diagnosis and in predicting disease outcomes, the response to treatment, and the risk of relapses. Biomarkers constitute an exciting field of research, especially due to the heterogeneous nature of cytokine storm syndromes (CSSs) in the COVID era. They must be selected with utmost care-a fact supported by the increasingly improved genetic and pathophysiological comprehension of sJIA, but also of CSS-so that new classification systems may soon be developed to define homogeneous groups of patients, although each with a distinct disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marinela Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Research Center Graz, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, 8036 Graz, Austria
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17
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Dong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Bai J, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Lai Z, Chen Q, Hu S, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Ma F. Dissecting the process of human neutrophil lineage determination by using alpha-lipoic acid inducing neutrophil deficiency model. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102392. [PMID: 35797799 PMCID: PMC9287745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) differentiate into both neutrophils and monocytes. Recently, uni-potential neutrophil progenitors have been identified both in mice and humans using an array of surface markers. However, how human GMPs commit to neutrophil progenitors and the regulatory mechanisms of fate determination remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we established a human neutrophil deficiency model using the small molecule alpha-lipoic acid. Using this neutrophil deficiency model, we determined that the neutrophil progenitor commitment process from CD371+ CD115– GMPs defined by CD34 and CD15 and discovered that critical signals generated by RNA splicing and rRNA biogenesis regulate the process of early commitment for human early neutrophil progenitors derived from CD371+ CD115– GMPs. These processes were elucidated by single-cell RNA sequencing both in vitro and in vivo derived cells. Sequentially, we identified that the transcription factor ELK1 is essential for human neutrophil lineage commitment using the alpha-lipoic acid (ALA)-inducing neutrophil deficiency model. Finally, we also revealed differential roles for long-ELK1 and short-ELK1, balanced by SF3B1, in the commitment process of neutrophil progenitors. Taken together, we discovered a novel function of ALA in regulating neutrophil lineage specification and identified that the SF3B1-ELK axis regulates the commitment of human neutrophil progenitors from CD371+ CD115– GMPs. ALA completely blocks the differentiation of human neutrophils derived from CD34+ stem cells in ex-vivo culture. CD34 and CD15 could be used to define the early differentiation stages of human neutrophil lineage determination. SF3B1-ELK1 signal axis regulates human neutrophil lineage determination.
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18
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Yin GN, Kim DK, Kang JI, Im Y, Lee DS, Han AR, Ock J, Choi MJ, Kwon MH, Limanjaya A, Jung SB, Yang J, Min KW, Yun J, Koh Y, Park JE, Hwang D, Suh JK, Ryu JK, Kim HM. Latrophilin-2 is a novel receptor of LRG1 that rescues vascular and neurological abnormalities and restores diabetic erectile function. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:626-638. [PMID: 35562586 PMCID: PMC9166773 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by inappropriate hyperglycemia, which causes endothelial dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy, ultimately leading to multiple complications. One prevalent complication is diabetic erectile dysfunction (ED), which is more severe and more resistant to treatment than nondiabetic ED. The serum glycoprotein leucine-rich ɑ-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a modulator of TGF-β-mediated angiogenesis and has been proposed as a biomarker for a variety of diseases, including DM. Here, we found that the adhesion GPCR latrophilin-2 (LPHN2) is a TGF-β-independent receptor of LRG1. By interacting with LPHN2, LRG1 promotes both angiogenic and neurotrophic processes in mouse tissue explants under hyperglycemic conditions. Preclinical studies in a diabetic ED mouse model showed that LRG1 administration into the penile tissue, which exhibits significantly increased LPHN2 expression, fully restores erectile function by rescuing vascular and neurological abnormalities. Further investigations revealed that PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB p65 constitute the key intracellular signaling pathway of the LRG1/LPHN2 axis, providing important mechanistic insights into LRG1-mediated angiogenesis and nerve regeneration in DM. Our findings suggest that LRG1 can be a potential new therapeutic option for treating aberrant peripheral blood vessels and neuropathy associated with diabetic complications, such as diabetic ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Kyun Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji In Kang
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yebin Im
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ock
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Choi
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Kwon
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Anita Limanjaya
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Saet-Byel Jung
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Yang
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Wook Min
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Yun
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Min Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Pilar-Orive FJ, Astigarraga I, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Garcia-Obregon S. A Three-Protein Panel to Support the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Children. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061563. [PMID: 35329889 PMCID: PMC8955185 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome without a standard validated diagnostic test. Early recognition is crucial. Serum proteome analysis in children with sepsis may identify new biomarkers. This study aimed to find suitable blood biomarkers for an early diagnosis of sepsis. An analytical observational case-control study was carried out in a single center. Children admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with clinical diagnosed sepsis were eligible for study. A proteomic analysis conducted by mass spectrometry was performed. Forty patients with sepsis and 24 healthy donors were recruited. Proteomics results revealed 44 proteins differentially expressed between patients and healthy controls. Six proteins were selected to be validated: lactoferrin, serum amyloid-A1 (SAA-1), complement factor B, leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG1), soluble interleukin-2 alpha chain receptor (sCD25) and soluble haptoglobin−hemoglobin receptor. Our results showed that sCD25, SAA-1, and LRG1 had high levels of specificity and sensitivity, as well as an excellent area under the ROC curve (>0.9). Our study provides a serum proteomic analysis that identifies new diagnostic biomarkers in sepsis. SAA-1, sCD25 and LRG1 were able to separate septic from healthy donor, so they could be used together with other clinical and analytical features to improve sepsis diagnosis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Pilar-Orive
- Pediatric Critical Care Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Pediatric Critical Care Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-O.); (S.G.-O.); Tel.: +34-616958309 (F.J.P.-O.); +34-946006357 (S.G.-O.)
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Pediatric Service, Hospital Universitario Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Pediatric Department, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Felix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Susana Garcia-Obregon
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Physiology Department, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.J.P.-O.); (S.G.-O.); Tel.: +34-616958309 (F.J.P.-O.); +34-946006357 (S.G.-O.)
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20
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Sun B, van Dissel D, Mo I, Boysen P, Haslene-Hox H, Lund H. Identification of novel biomarkers of inflammation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) by a plasma proteomic approach. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:104268. [PMID: 34571096 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring fish welfare has become a central issue for the fast-growing aquaculture industry, and finding proper biomarkers of stress, inflammation and infection is necessary for surveillance and documentation of fish health. In this study, a proteomic approach using mass spectrometry was applied to identify indicators of the acute response in Atlantic salmon blood plasma by comparing Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida infected fish and non-infected controls. The antimicrobial proteins cathelicidin (CATH), L-plastin (Plastin-2, LCP1) and soluble toll-like receptor 5 (sTLR5) were uniquely or mainly identified in the plasma of infected fish. In addition, five immune-related proteins showed significantly increased expression in plasma of infected fish: haptoglobin, high affinity immunoglobulin Fc gamma receptor I (FcγR1, CD64), leucine-rich alpha 2 glycoprotein (LRG1), complement C4 (C4) and phospholipase A2 inhibitor 31 kDa subunit-like protein. However, various fibrinogen components, CD209 and CD44 antigen-like molecules decreased in infected fish. Selected biomarkers were further verified by Western blot analysis of plasma and real time PCR of spleen and liver, including CATH1, CATH2 and L-plastin. A significant increase of L-plastin occurred as early as 24 h after infection, and a CATH2 increase was observed from 72 h in plasma of infected fish. Real time PCR of selected genes confirmed increased transcription of CATH1 and CATH2. In addition, serum amyloid A mRNA significantly increased in liver and spleen after bacterial infection. However, transcription of L-plastin was not consistently induced in liver and spleen. The results of the present study reveal novel and promising biomarkers of the acute phase response and inflammation in Atlantic salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Sun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Dino van Dissel
- SINTEF AS, Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid Mo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Preben Boysen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Hanne Haslene-Hox
- SINTEF AS, Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hege Lund
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway.
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21
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Camilli C, Hoeh AE, De Rossi G, Moss SE, Greenwood J. LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:6. [PMID: 35062948 PMCID: PMC8781713 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was first described as a key player in pathogenic ocular neovascularization almost a decade ago. Since then, an increasing number of publications have reported the involvement of LRG1 in multiple human conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the LRG1 literature considering its role in health and disease. Although LRG1 is constitutively expressed by hepatocytes and neutrophils, Lrg1-/- mice show no overt phenotypic abnormality suggesting that LRG1 is essentially redundant in development and homeostasis. However, emerging data are challenging this view by suggesting a novel role for LRG1 in innate immunity and preservation of tissue integrity. While our understanding of beneficial LRG1 functions in physiology remains limited, a consistent body of evidence shows that, in response to various inflammatory stimuli, LRG1 expression is induced and directly contributes to disease pathogenesis. Its potential role as a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of multiple conditions is widely discussed while dissecting the mechanisms underlying LRG1 pathogenic functions. Emphasis is given to the role that LRG1 plays as a vasculopathic factor where it disrupts the cellular interactions normally required for the formation and maintenance of mature vessels, thereby indirectly contributing to the establishment of a highly hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, LRG1 has also been reported to affect other cell types (including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal and cancer cells) mostly by modulating the TGFβ signalling pathway in a context-dependent manner. Crucially, animal studies have shown that LRG1 inhibition, through gene deletion or a function-blocking antibody, is sufficient to attenuate disease progression. In view of this, and taking into consideration its role as an upstream modifier of TGFβ signalling, LRG1 is suggested as a potentially important therapeutic target. While further investigations are needed to fill gaps in our current understanding of LRG1 function, the studies reviewed here confirm LRG1 as a pleiotropic and pathogenic signalling molecule providing a strong rationale for its use in the clinic as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Camilli
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alexandra E Hoeh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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22
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Lin M, Liu J, Zhang F, Qi G, Tao S, Fan W, Chen M, Ding K, Zhou F. The role of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 in proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:283-291. [PMID: 35037101 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) is widely involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion of various tumor cells. Recent studies have evaluated the potential of LRG1 as both an early tumor and a prognostic biomarker. METHOD The relevant literature from PubMed is reviewed in this article. RESULTS It has been found that LRG1 mainly acts on the regulatory mechanisms of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and apoptosis by transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway as well as affecting the occurrence and development of the tumors. Moreover, with advancement of research, LRG1 regulation pathways which are independent of TGF-β signaling pathway have been gradually revealed in different tumor cells; There are several studies on the biological effects of LRG1 as an inflammatory factor, vascular growth regulator, cell adhesion, and a cell viability influencing factor. In addition, various tumor suppression methods which are based on regulation of LRG1 levels have also shown high potential clinical value. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 are critical for the processes of tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis in various tumors. The present study reviewed the latest research on the achievements of LRG1 in tumor genesis and development. Further, this study also discussed the related molecular mechanisms of various biological functions of LRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lin
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiu Qi
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Tao
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Huang H, Yang Y, Song T, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Li L, Wang X. Single-cell RNA Sequencing Uncovered the Involvement of an Endothelial Subset in Neutrophil Recruitment in Chemically Induced Rat Pulmonary Inflammation. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:669-680. [PMID: 35582423 PMCID: PMC9108403 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.67806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing support for the notion that chronic inflammation contributes to lung tumorigenesis, but the molecular and cellular basis underlying the protumorigenic effects of inflammation remains to be explored. 3-Methylcholanthrene and diethylnitrosamine were intratracheally instilled into rats to induce multistep lung carcinogenesis, and the presence of pulmonary inflammation was observed in addition to precancerous lesions. By leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing, we sought to unravel the mechanism underlying the inflammatory process at a higher resolution. A total of 14 cell types were identified in chemically treated and control rats. Chemical intervention introduced heterogeneity in cell type composition and gene expression patterns. Nonimmune cells were found to be the most affected, and two subpopulations of endothelial cells with diverse roles were defined. Car4-high endothelial cells were mainly responsible for angiogenesis, whereas Car4-low endothelial cells were involved in neutrophil recruitment, and adhesion between Car4-low endothelial cells and neutrophils was verified in inflamed tissues. Our work unveiled the intricate process of pulmonary inflammation at the single-cell level and characterized a proinflammatory subpopulation of endothelial cells involved in neutrophil recruitment. The conditions provided by chronic inflammatory environment are prerequisites for neoplastic progression. Targeting the specific subsets or processes defined herein holds promise for the early prevention and therapeutic intervention of lung cancer through the manipulation of angiogenesis or the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplantation Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 P. R. China & Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education
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24
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Liu JJ, Pek SLT, Liu S, Wang J, Lee J, Ang K, Shao YM, Gurung RL, Tavintharan S, Tang WE, Sum CF, Lim SC. Association of Plasma Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Chem 2021; 67:1640-1649. [PMID: 34568896 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a circulating protein in the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. We sought to study whether LRG1 might predict risk for all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS 2012 outpatients with type 2 diabetes were followed for a median of 7.2 years and 188 death events were identified. Association of LRG1 with risk for mortality was assessed by multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS Participants with a higher concentration of LRG1 had an increased risk for all-cause mortality [HR (95% CI), 1.76 (1.03-3.01), 1.75 (1.03-2.98), and 4.37 (2.72-7.02) for quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively, compared to quartile 1]. The association remained significant after adjustment for known cardio-renal risk factors including estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria [adjusted HR 2.76 (1.66-4.59), quartile 4 versus 1]. As a continuous variable, a 1-SD increment in LRG1 was associated with 1.34 (1.14-1.57)-fold adjusted risk for all-cause mortality. High plasma LRG1 was independently associated with mortality attributable to cardiovascular disease, infection, and renal diseases. Adding LRG1 into a clinical variable-based model improved discrimination (c statistics from 0.828 to 0.842, P = 0.006) and reclassification (net reclassification improvement 0.47, 95% CI 0.28-0.67) for prediction of 5-year all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Plasma LRG1 predicts risk for all-cause mortality and mortality attributable to cardiovascular disease, infection, and renal disease independent of known cardio-renal risk factors. It may be a potential novel biomarker to improve risk stratification in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sharon L T Pek
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jiexun Wang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Janus Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yi Ming Shao
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Jemmerson R. Paradoxical Roles of Leucine-Rich α 2-Glycoprotein-1 in Cell Death and Survival Modulated by Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 and Cytochrome c. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:744908. [PMID: 34692699 PMCID: PMC8531642 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.744908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) has been shown to impact both apoptosis and cell survival, pleiotropic effects similar to one of its known ligands, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Recent studies have given insight into the TGF-β1 signaling pathways involved in LRG1-mediated death versus survival signaling, i.e., canonical or non-canonical. Interaction of LRG1 with another ligand, extracellular cytochrome c (Cyt c), promotes cell survival, at least for lymphocytes. LRG1 has been shown to bind Cyt c with high affinity, higher than it binds TGF-β1, making it sensitive to small changes in the level of extracellular Cyt c within a microenvironment that may arise from cell death. Evidence is presented here that LRG1 can bind TGF-β1 and Cyt c simultaneously, raising the possibility that the ternary complex may present a signaling module with the net effect of signaling, cell death versus survival, determined by the relative extent to which the LRG1 binding sites are occupied by these two ligands. A possible role for LRG1 should be considered in studies where extracellular effects of TGF-β1 and Cyt c have been observed in media supplemented with LRG1-containing serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Jemmerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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26
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Tang Y, Ling N, Li S, Huang J, Zhang W, Zhang A, Ren H, Yang Y, Hu H, Wang X. A panel of urine-derived biomarkers to identify sepsis and distinguish it from systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20794. [PMID: 34675320 PMCID: PMC8531286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition caused by infection. It is frequently difficult to distinguish sepsis from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), often resulting in poor prognoses and the misuse of antibiotics. Hence, highly sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed to differentiate sepsis from SIRS. Urine samples were collected and segregated by group (a sepsis group, a SIRS group, and a healthy control group). iTRAQ was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins among the three groups. The identified proteins were measured by ELISA in urine samples. Finally, all the acquired data were analyzed in SPSS. C-reactive protein, leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 and serum amyloid A (SAA) protein were differentially expressed among the three groups. The adjusted median concentrations of urinary C-reactive protein were 1337.6, 358.7, and 2.4 in the sepsis, SIRS, and healthy control groups, respectively. The urinary leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 levels in these three groups were 1614.4, 644.5, and 13.6, respectively, and the levels of SAA were 6.3, 2.9, and 0.07, respectively. For all three of these measures, the sepsis group had higher levels than the SIRS group (P < 0.001), and the SIRS group had higher levels than the healthy control group. When combined, the three biomarkers had a sensitivity of 0.906 and a specificity of 0.896 in distinguishing sepsis from SIRS. Urinary C-reactive protein, urinary leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 and urinary SAA have diagnostic value in cases of sepsis. This initial study suggests the possibility of improved differential diagnosis between sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome; additional confirmation is necessary to corroborate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Ling
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - An Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaidong Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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27
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Iqbal Z, Fachim HA, Gibson JM, Baricevic-Jones I, Campbell AE, Geary B, Donn RP, Hamarashid D, Syed A, Whetton AD, Soran H, Heald AH. Changes in the Proteome Profile of People Achieving Remission of Type 2 Diabetes after Bariatric Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3659. [PMID: 34441954 PMCID: PMC8396849 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery (BS) results in metabolic pathway recalibration. We have identified potential biomarkers in plasma of people achieving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission after BS. Longitudinal analysis was performed on plasma from 10 individuals following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 7) or sleeve gastrectomy (n = 3). Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) was done on samples taken at 4 months before (baseline) and 6 and 12 months after BS. Four hundred sixty-seven proteins were quantified by SWATH-MS. Principal component analysis resolved samples from distinct time points after selection of key discriminatory proteins: 25 proteins were differentially expressed between baseline and 6 months post-surgery; 39 proteins between baseline and 12 months. Eight proteins (SHBG, TF, PRG4, APOA4, LRG1, HSPA4, EPHX2 and PGLYRP) were significantly different to baseline at both 6 and 12 months post-surgery. The panel of proteins identified as consistently different included peptides related to insulin sensitivity (SHBG increase), systemic inflammation (TF and HSPA4-both decreased) and lipid metabolism (APOA4 decreased). We found significant changes in the proteome for eight proteins at 6- and 12-months post-BS, and several of these are key components in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. These may represent potential biomarkers of remission of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Iqbal
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Helene A. Fachim
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - J. Martin Gibson
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Ivona Baricevic-Jones
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (I.B.-J.); (A.E.C.); (B.G.); (A.D.W.)
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (I.B.-J.); (A.E.C.); (B.G.); (A.D.W.)
| | - Bethany Geary
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (I.B.-J.); (A.E.C.); (B.G.); (A.D.W.)
| | - Rachelle P. Donn
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Dashne Hamarashid
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Akheel Syed
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Anthony D. Whetton
- Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (I.B.-J.); (A.E.C.); (B.G.); (A.D.W.)
- Manchester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Handrean Soran
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
| | - Adrian H. Heald
- The School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (Z.I.); (J.M.G.); (R.P.D.); (H.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK; (D.H.); (A.S.)
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Zelco A, Börjesson V, de Kanter JK, Lebrero-Fernandez C, Lauschke VM, Rocha-Ferreira E, Nilsson G, Nair S, Svedin P, Bemark M, Hagberg H, Mallard C, Holstege FCP, Wang X. Single-cell atlas reveals meningeal leukocyte heterogeneity in the developing mouse brain. Genes Dev 2021; 35:1190-1207. [PMID: 34301765 PMCID: PMC8336895 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348190.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Here, Zelco et al. used single-cell RNA sequencing to generate the first comprehensive transcriptional atlas of neonatal mouse meningeal leukocytes under normal conditions and after perinatal brain injury. They found that early after hypoxic–ischemic insult, neutrophil numbers increased and exhibited increased granulopoiesis, suggesting that the meninges are an important site of immune cell expansion with implications for the initiation of inflammatory cascades after neonatal brain injury. The meninges are important for brain development and pathology. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we have generated the first comprehensive transcriptional atlas of neonatal mouse meningeal leukocytes under normal conditions and after perinatal brain injury. We identified almost all known leukocyte subtypes and found differences between neonatal and adult border-associated macrophages, thus highlighting that neonatal border-associated macrophages are functionally immature with regards to immune responses compared with their adult counterparts. We also identified novel meningeal microglia-like cell populations that may participate in white matter development. Early after the hypoxic–ischemic insult, neutrophil numbers increased and they exhibited increased granulopoiesis, suggesting that the meninges are an important site of immune cell expansion with implications for the initiation of inflammatory cascades after neonatal brain injury. Our study provides a single-cell resolution view of the importance of meningeal leukocytes at the early stage of development in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Zelco
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Vanja Börjesson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
| | - Jurrian K de Kanter
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Lebrero-Fernandez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart 70 376, Germany
| | - Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Gisela Nilsson
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Syam Nair
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Svedin
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hagberg
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Carina Mallard
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Frank C P Holstege
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.,Centre of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Yu B, Yang L, Song S, Li W, Wang H, Cheng J. LRG1 facilitates corneal fibrotic response by inducing neutrophil chemotaxis via Stat3 signaling in alkali-burned mouse corneas. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C415-C428. [PMID: 34260299 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00517.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) is a novel profibrotic factor that modulates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. However, its role in the corneal fibrotic response remains unknown. In the present study, we found that the LRG1 level increased in alkali-burned mouse corneas. In the LRG1-treated alkali-burned corneas, there were higher fibrogenic protein expression and neutrophil infiltration. LRG1 promoted neutrophil chemotaxis and CXCL-1 secretion. Conversely, LRG1-specific siRNA reduced fibrogenic protein expression and neutrophil infiltration in the alkali-burned corneas. The clearance of neutrophils effectively attenuated the LRG1-enhanced corneal fibrotic response, whereas the presence of neutrophils enhanced the effect of LRG1 on the fibrotic response in cultured TKE2 cells. In addition, the topical application of LRG1 elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and p-Stat3 levels in the corneal epithelium and in isolated neutrophils. The clearance of neutrophils inhibited the expression of p-Stat3 and IL-6 promoted by LRG1 in alkali-burned corneas. Moreover, neutrophils significantly increased the production of IL-6 and p-Stat3 promoted by LRG1 in TKE2 cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of Stat3 signaling by S3I-201 decreased neutrophil infiltration and alleviated the LRG1-enhanced corneal fibrotic response in the alkali-burned corneas. S3I-201 also reduced LRG1 or neutrophil-induced fibrotic response in TKE2 cells. In conclusion, LRG1 promotes the corneal fibrotic response by stimulating neutrophil infiltration via the modulation of the IL-6/Stat3 signaling pathway. Therefore, LRG1 could be targeted as a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with corneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Yu
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Song
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Chengwu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Heze, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Liuzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Aier Ophthalmology College of Central South University, Liuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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The Prognostic Value of Leucine-Rich α2 Glycoprotein 1 in Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7365204. [PMID: 34307668 PMCID: PMC8285184 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7365204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a novel cytokine, which is believed to be involved in the inflammatory process of a series of diseases. However, the relationship between LRG1 and spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been reported. The purpose of our study is to determine the predictive value of LRG1 for the prognosis of pediatric SCI (PSCI). Methods This study recruited 64 patients with confirmed PSCI and 40 healthy controls at Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. The clinical information of all participants at the time of admission was recorded. Peripheral blood was collected, and commercial reagents were used to detect the level of serum LRG1. At the same time, the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) was used to assess the severity of PSCI. Results All participants were divided into PSCI group (n = 64) and NC group (n = 40). There was no significant difference in clinical information (age, gender, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, sampling time from injury, white blood cells, and C-reactive protein) between the two groups (p > 0.05). According to the interquartile range of serum LRG1, we compared the motor and sensory scores of ISNCSCI and found that serum LRG1 levels were negatively correlated with the prognosis of PSCI patients (p < 0.001). The results of receiver operating curve (ROC) showed that the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC (Area Under the Curve) of serum LRG1 level in predicting the prognosis of PSCI were 68.4%, 69.1%, and 0.705, respectively. The cut-off value of serum LRG1 level predicting the prognosis of PSCI is 21.1 μg/ml. Conclusions Serum LRG1 level is significantly increased in PSCI patients, and the elevated LRG1 level is negatively correlated with the prognosis of PSCI patients. Serum LRG1 may be a potentially useful biomarker for predicting PSCI.
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31
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Pang KT, Ghim M, Liu C, Tay HM, Fhu CW, Chia RN, Qiu B, Sarathchandra P, Chester AH, Yacoub MH, Wilkinson FL, Weston R, Warboys CM, Hou HW, Weinberg PD, Wang X. Leucine-Rich α-2-Glycoprotein 1 Suppresses Endothelial Cell Activation Through ADAM10-Mediated Shedding of TNF-α Receptor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:706143. [PMID: 34291056 PMCID: PMC8288075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.706143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum concentrations of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) have been reported in patients with inflammatory, autoimmune, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the role of LRG1 in endothelial activation. LRG1 in endothelial cells (ECs) of arteries and serum of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) was assessed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA, respectively. LRG1 expression in sheared and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-treated ECs was analyzed. The mechanistic role of LRG1 in endothelial activation was studied in vitro. Plasma of 37-week-old Lrg1 -/- mice was used to investigate causality between LRG1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) shedding. LRG1 was highly expressed in ECs of stenotic but not normal arteries. LRG1 concentrations in serum of patients with CLI were elevated compared to healthy controls. LRG1 expression was shear dependent. It could be induced by TNF-α, and the induction of its expression was mediated by NF-κB activation. LRG1 inhibited TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB signaling, expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and monocyte capture, firm adhesion, and transendothelial migration. Mechanistically, LRG1 exerted its function by causing the shedding of TNFR1 via the ALK5-SMAD2 pathway and the subsequent activation of ADAM10. Consistent with this mechanism, LRG1 and sTNFR1 concentrations were correlated in the serum of CLI patients. Causality between LRG1 and TNFR1 shedding was established by showing that Lrg1 -/- mice had lower plasma sTNFR1 concentrations than wild type mice. Our results demonstrate a novel role for LRG1 in endothelial activation and its potential therapeutic role in inflammatory diseases should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuin Tian Pang
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mean Ghim
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chenghao Liu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tay
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Wai Fhu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rui Ning Chia
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Beiying Qiu
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Padmini Sarathchandra
- Harefield Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian H Chester
- Harefield Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- Harefield Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona L Wilkinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ria Weston
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christina M Warboys
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Weinberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Vision Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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32
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Kakar M, Berezovska MM, Broks R, Asare L, Delorme M, Crouzen E, Zviedre A, Reinis A, Engelis A, Kroica J, Saxena A, Petersons A. Serum and Urine Biomarker Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Differentiates Pediatric Acute Complicated and Uncomplicated Appendicitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:860. [PMID: 34064691 PMCID: PMC8151968 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This prospective, single-center cohort study analyzes the potential of inflammatory protein mediator leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) for the early and accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA), and differentiation of acute complicated (AcA) from uncomplicated appendicitis (AuA). METHODS Participants were divided into the AcA, AuA, and control groups, and their serum (s-LRG1) and urine LRG1 (u-LRG1) levels were assayed preoperatively on the second and fifth postoperative days. RESULTS 153 patients participated, 97 had AA. Preoperative u-LRG1 with a cut-off value of 0.18 μg/mL generated an area under the receiver operated characteristic (AUC) curve of 0.70 (95% CI 0.62-0.79) for AA versus control (p < 0.001), while the results for AcA versus AuA were not significant (AUC 0.60, 95% CI 0.49-0.71, p = 0.089). The s-LRG1 levels of AA versus the control with a cut-off value of 51.69 μg/mL generated an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.99, p < 0.001). The cut-off value of s-LRG1 was 84.06 μg/mL for diagnosis of AcA from AuA, and therefore, significant (AUC 0.69, 95% CI 0.59-0.80, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LRG1 exhibited excellent diagnostic performance as an inexpensive, non-invasive, rapid, and accurate biomarker able to reflect the pathogenesis of AA. LRG1 has the potential to replace advanced imaging to diagnose clinically ambiguous AA cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kakar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (M.M.B.); (A.Z.); (A.E.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Marisa Maija Berezovska
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (M.M.B.); (A.Z.); (A.E.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Renars Broks
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (R.B.); (A.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Lasma Asare
- Statistical Unit, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Mathilde Delorme
- Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Emile Crouzen
- Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Astra Zviedre
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (M.M.B.); (A.Z.); (A.E.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aigars Reinis
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (R.B.); (A.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Arnis Engelis
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (M.M.B.); (A.Z.); (A.E.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Juta Kroica
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (R.B.); (A.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Amulya Saxena
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chelsea Children’s Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Fdn Trust, Imperial College London, London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Aigars Petersons
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (M.M.B.); (A.Z.); (A.E.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Wang J, Li X, Ma A, Pan X. Serum LRG1 as a novel biomarker for cardioembolic stroke. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 519:83-91. [PMID: 33838125 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, LRG1 was found to be closely related to atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction. While its role in cerebral infarction was still controversial. We aimed to explore the value of LRG1 to identify the cardioembolic stroke. METHODS 283 acute ischemic stroke(AIS) patients and 169 controls were enrolled. The AIS patients were divided into a CE(cardiogenic embolism) group and a non-CE group. Serum LRG1 levels were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS The serum LRG1 levels were decreased in the AIS patients. CE group had higher serum LRG1 levels than the non-CE group. LRG1 was an independent risk factor for cardioembolic stroke. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.768 with a sensitivity of 72.5% and specificity of 69.5%, which was not second to BNP and LAD. The combined predictive model we designed, including LRG1, BNP, and LAD, greatly improved the prediction effect. A positive correlation was shown between LRG1 and stroke severity in the CE group. Those who experienced poor outcomes had higher serum LRG1 levels compared with good ones. CONCLUSION Serum LRG1 was a promising indicator to predict cardioembolic stroke, as well as stroke severity and the 3-month prognosis of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xuening Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Aijun Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.
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Abstract
Among the ~22,000 human genes, very few remain that have unknown functions. One such example is suprabasin (SBSN). Originally described as a component of the cornified envelope, the function of stratified epithelia-expressed SBSN is unknown. Both the lack of knowledge about the gene role under physiological conditions and the emerging link of SBSN to various human diseases, including cancer, attract research interest. The association of SBSN expression with poor prognosis of patients suffering from oesophageal carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and myelodysplastic syndromes suggests that SBSN may play a role in human tumourigenesis. Three SBSN isoforms code for the secreted proteins with putative function as signalling molecules, yet with poorly described effects. In this first review about SBSN, we summarised the current knowledge accumulated since its original description, and we discuss the potential mechanisms and roles of SBSN in both physiology and pathology.
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Liu C, Teo MHY, Pek SLT, Wu X, Leong ML, Tay HM, Hou HW, Ruedl C, Moss SE, Greenwood J, Tavintharan S, Hong W, Wang X. A Multifunctional Role of Leucine-Rich α-2-Glycoprotein 1 in Cutaneous Wound Healing Under Normal and Diabetic Conditions. Diabetes 2020; 69:2467-2480. [PMID: 32887674 PMCID: PMC7576570 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is commonly associated with diabetes. It may lead to amputation and death if not treated in a timely fashion. Limited treatments are available partially due to the poor understanding of the complex disease pathophysiology. Here, we investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in normal and diabetic wound healing. First, our data showed that LRG1 was significantly increased at the inflammation stage of murine wound healing, and bone marrow-derived cells served as a major source of LRG1. LRG1 deletion causes impaired immune cell infiltration, reepithelialization, and angiogenesis. As a consequence, there is a significant delay in wound closure. On the other hand, LRG1 was markedly induced in diabetic wounds in both humans and mice. LRG1-deficient mice were resistant to diabetes-induced delay in wound repair. We further demonstrated that this could be explained by the mitigation of increased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in diabetic wounds. Mechanistically, LRG1 mediates NETosis in an Akt-dependent manner through TGFβ type I receptor kinase ALK5. Taken together, our studies demonstrated that LRG1 derived from bone marrow cells is required for normal wound healing, revealing a physiological role for this glycoprotein, but that excess LRG1 expression in diabetes is pathogenic and contributes to chronic wound formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Liu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hui Yen Teo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaoting Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Mei Ling Leong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tay
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Christiane Ruedl
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, U.K
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, U.K
| | - Subramaniam Tavintharan
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore
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36
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Identification and Validation of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Improved Precision in Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020; 21:51-60. [PMID: 34337468 PMCID: PMC8317831 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More accurate risk assessments are needed to improve prostate cancer management. Objective To identify blood-based protein biomarkers that provided prognostic information for risk stratification. Design, setting, and participants Mass spectrometry was used to identify biomarker candidates from blood, and validation studies were performed in four independent cohorts retrospectively collected between 1988 and 2015. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The primary outcome objectives were progression-free survival, prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival. Statistical analyses to assess survival and model performance were performed. Results and limitation Serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was found to be elevated in fatal prostate cancer. LRG1 provided prognostic information independent of metastasis and increased the accuracy in predicting PCSS, particularly in the first 3 yr. A high LRG1 level is associated with an average of two-fold higher risk of disease-progression and mortality in both high-risk and metastatic patients. However, our study design, with a retrospective analysis of samples spanning several decades back, limits the assessment of the clinical utility of LRG1 in today’s clinical practice. Thus, independent prospective studies are needed to establish LRG1 as a clinically useful biomarker for patient management. Conclusions High blood levels of LRG1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer, and LRG1 increased the accuracy of risk stratification of prostate cancer patients. Patient summary High blood levels of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer.
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Cao H, Zhu X, Chen X, Yang Y, Zhou Q, Xu W, Wang D. Quantitative proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins in the persistent atrial fibrillation using TMT coupled with nano-LC-MS/MS. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5032-5047. [PMID: 33042404 PMCID: PMC7540158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) is a progressive cardiovascular disease with a high risk for most patients after diagnosis. Poor molecular description of PeAF has led to unsatisfactory interpretation of the pathogenesis of it, resulting in the lack of effective treatments. The aim of the present study was to find several new potential biomarkers for early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. An absolute quantitation Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach was applied to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in left atrial appendage. Totally, 4682 proteins were identified and 4159 proteins were quantified. Compared with control subjects, 118 DEPs (85 upregulated proteins and 33 downregulated proteins) were identified in the atrial tissues of PeAF patients. Using String software, a regulatory network containing 87 nodes and 244 edges was built, and the functional enrichment showed that DEPs were predominantly involved in protein digestion and absorption, regulation of metabolism and focal adhesion. Four proteins, collagen 1 (COL-I), collagen 2 (COL-II), ras-related protein 1 (RAP1) and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) were selected for validation using Western blot analysis to distinguish PeAF patients and control subjects. The present results provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of PeAF and the validated biomarkers for the diagnosis of PeAF, which facilitate the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Cao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Yining Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008, China
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Sun Y, Wang F, Zhou Z, Teng J, Su Y, Chi H, Wang Z, Hu Q, Jia J, Liu T, Liu H, Cheng X, Shi H, Tan Y, Yang C, Ye J. Urinary Proteomics Identifying Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Adult-Onset Still's Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2112. [PMID: 33013889 PMCID: PMC7500098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a systemic, multigenic autoinflammatory disease, and the diagnosis of AOSD must rule out neoplasms, infections, and other autoimmune diseases. Development of a rapid and efficient but non-invasive diagnosis method is urgently needed for improving AOSD therapy. In this study, we first performed a urinary proteomic study using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis in patients with AOSD and healthy control (HC) subjects. The urinary proteins were enriched in pathways of the innate immune system and neutrophil degranulation, and we identified that the α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), orosomucoid 1 (ORM1), and ORM2 proteins were highly expressed in patients with AOSD. The elevated urine levels of LRG1, ORM1, and ORM2 were further validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in active patients with AOSD, disease controls, and HC subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the areas under the curve of LRG1, ORM1, and ORM2 were 0.700, 0.837, and 0.736, respectively (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found that the urine levels of LRG1, ORM1, and ORM2 were positively correlated with the systemic score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and that the urine levels of LRG1 were positively correlated with interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-18 levels, whereas the urine levels of ORM1 were positively correlated with the IL-1β level. Together, our study identified novel urinary markers for non-invasive and simple screening of AOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuochao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Teng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Chi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongyi Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchao Jia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengde Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junna Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Pribyl M, Hubackova S, Moudra A, Vancurova M, Polackova H, Stopka T, Jonasova A, Bokorova R, Fuchs O, Stritesky J, Salovska B, Bartek J, Hodny Z. Aberrantly elevated suprabasin in the bone marrow as a candidate biomarker of advanced disease state in myelodysplastic syndromes. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2403-2419. [PMID: 32696549 PMCID: PMC7530796 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are preleukemic disorders characterized by clonal growth of mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. MDS are associated with proinflammatory signaling, dysregulated immune response, and cell death in the bone marrow (BM). Aging, autoinflammation and autoimmunity are crucial features of disease progression, concordant with promoting growth of malignant clones and accumulation of mutations. Suprabasin (SBSN), a recently proposed proto‐oncogene of unknown function, physiologically expressed in stratified epithelia, is associated with poor prognosis of several human malignancies. Here, we showed that SBSN is expressed in the BM by myeloid cell subpopulations, including myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, and is secreted into BM plasma and peripheral blood of MDS patients. The highest expression of SBSN was present in a patient group with poor prognosis. SBSN levels in the BM correlated positively with blast percentage and negatively with CCL2 chemokine levels and lymphocyte count. In vitro treatment of leukemic cells with interferon‐gamma and demethylating agent 5‐azacytidine (5‐AC) induced SBSN expression. This indicated that aberrant cytokine levels in the BM and epigenetic landscape modifications in MDS patients may underlie ectopic expression of SBSN. Our findings suggest SBSN as a candidate biomarker of high‐risk MDS with a possible role in disease progression and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pribyl
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Hubackova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Molecular Therapy of Cancer Group, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Moudra
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vancurova
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Polackova
- 1st Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Stopka
- 1st Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,Group of Mechanisms Involved in Remodeling of Chromatin Structure During Cell Fate Decisions, BIOCEV, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Jonasova
- 1st Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Bokorova
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ota Fuchs
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stritesky
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Salovska
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zdenek Hodny
- Department of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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40
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Birkelund S, Bennike TB, Kastaniegaard K, Lausen M, Poulsen TBG, Kragstrup TW, Deleuran BW, Christiansen G, Stensballe A. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid from rheumatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis patients. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:29. [PMID: 32782445 PMCID: PMC7412817 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aetiologies and pathogeneses of the joint diseases rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) are still not fully elucidated. To increase our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis, we analysed the protein composition of synovial fluid (SF) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients. Methods Fifty-six synovial fluid samples (RA, n = 32; SpA, n = 24) were digested with trypsin, and the resulting peptides were separated by liquid chromatography and analysed by tandem mass spectrometry. Additionally, the concentration of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the synovial fluid was measured, and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined. Results Three hundred thirty five proteins were identified within the SF. The more abundant proteins seen in RA SF were inflammatory proteins, including proteins originating from neutrophil granulocytes, while SpA SF had less inflammatory proteins and a higher concentration of haptoglobin. The concentration of cell-free DNA in the SF increased together with proteins that may have originated from neutrophils. Plasma CRP levels in both RA and SpA, correlated to other acute phase reactants. Conclusions The proteomic results underline that neutrophils are central in the RA pathology but not in SpA, and even though inhibitors of neutrophils (migration, proteinase inhibitors) were present in the SF it was not sufficient to interrupt the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svend Birkelund
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Aalborg University, Fredriks Bajers Vej 3b, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Tue Bjerg Bennike
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Kenneth Kastaniegaard
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.,Biogenity, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Mads Lausen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Tue Wenzel Kragstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bent Winding Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Gunna Christiansen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9200 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
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Milivojevic M, Che X, Bateman L, Cheng A, Garcia BA, Hornig M, Huber M, Klimas NG, Lee B, Lee H, Levine S, Montoya JG, Peterson DL, Komaroff AL, Lipkin WI. Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236148. [PMID: 32692761 PMCID: PMC7373296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is an unexplained chronic, debilitating illness characterized by fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance and gastrointestinal problems. Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), we analyzed the plasma proteomes of 39 ME/CFS patients and 41 healthy controls. Logistic regression models, with both linear and quadratic terms of the protein levels as independent variables, revealed a significant association between ME/CFS and the immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV) region 3-23/30. Stratifying the ME/CFS group based on self-reported irritable bowel syndrome (sr-IBS) status revealed a significant quadratic effect of immunoglobulin lambda constant region 7 on its association with ME/CFS with sr-IBS whilst IGHV3-23/30 and immunoglobulin kappa variable region 3-11 were significantly associated with ME/CFS without sr-IBS. In addition, we were able to predict ME/CFS status with a high degree of accuracy (AUC = 0.774-0.838) using a panel of proteins selected by 3 different machine learning algorithms: Lasso, Random Forests, and XGBoost. These algorithms also identified proteomic profiles that predicted the status of ME/CFS patients with sr-IBS (AUC = 0.806-0.846) and ME/CFS without sr-IBS (AUC = 0.754-0.780). Our findings are consistent with a significant association of ME/CFS with immune dysregulation and highlight the potential use of the plasma proteome as a source of biomarkers for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Milivojevic
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Lucinda Bateman
- Bateman Horne Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Aaron Cheng
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. Garcia
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Mady Hornig
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Manuel Huber
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nancy G. Klimas
- Institute for Neuro Immune Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States of America
- Miami VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Bohyun Lee
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Hyoungjoo Lee
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Susan Levine
- Levine Clinic, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jose G. Montoya
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Jack S. Remington Laboratory for Specialty Diagnostics of Toxoplasmosis, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Daniel L. Peterson
- Sierra Internal Medicine at Incline Village, Incline Village, NV, United States of America
| | - Anthony L. Komaroff
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States of America
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42
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Cerqueira A, Romero-Gavilán F, Araújo-Gomes N, García-Arnáez I, Martinez-Ramos C, Ozturan S, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Gurruchaga M, Suay J, Goñi I. A possible use of melatonin in the dental field: Protein adsorption and in vitro cell response on coated titanium. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111262. [PMID: 32806297 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is widely known for regulating the circadian cycles and has been studied for its role in bone regeneration and inflammation. Its application as a coating for dental implants can condition the local microenvironment, affecting protein deposition on its surface and the cellular and tissue response. Using sol-gel coatings as a release vehicle for MLT, the aim of this work was to assess the potential of this molecule in improving the osseointegration and inflammatory responses of a titanium substrate. The materials obtained were physicochemically characterized (scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, roughness, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, Si release, MLT liberation, and degradation) and studied in vitro with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Although MLT application led to an increased gene expression of RUNX2 and BMP2 in 10MTL, it did not improve ALP activity. On the other hand, MLT-enriched sol-gel materials presented potential effects in the adsorption of proteins related to inflammation, coagulation and angiogenesis pathways depending on the dosage used. Using LC-MS/MS, protein adsorption patterns were studied after incubation with human serum. Proteins related to the complement systems (CO7, IC1, CO5, CO8A, and CO9) were less adsorbed in materials with MLT; on the other hand, proteins with functions in the coagulation and angiogenesis pathways, such as A2GL and PLMN, showed a significant adsorption pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Cerqueira
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Francisco Romero-Gavilán
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Nuno Araújo-Gomes
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering, University of Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, 7522LW Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Iñaki García-Arnáez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cristina Martinez-Ramos
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Seda Ozturan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentristy, Istambul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Mariló Gurruchaga
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Julio Suay
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Isabel Goñi
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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Correlation of increased serum leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein levels with disease prognosis, progression, and activity of interstitial pneumonia in patients with dermatomyositis: A retrospective study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234090. [PMID: 32479560 PMCID: PMC7263588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG) can be a biomarker for the disease activity, progression, and prognosis of interstitial pneumonia (IP) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM). METHODS Correlations between the clinical findings and serum LRG levels were investigated in 46 patients with DM-IP (33 with acute/subacute IP [A/SIP] and 13 patients with chronic IP [CIP], including 10 fatal cases of IP). RESULTS The median serum LRG level of 18.4 (14.6-25.2) μg/mL in DM-IP patients was higher than that in healthy control subjects. The median levels of serum LRG at baseline and at 2 and 4 weeks after the initiation of treatment in the patients who died were significantly higher than those in the surviving patients (P = 0.026, 0.029, and 0.008, respectively). The median level of serum LRG in the DM-A/SIP patients was significantly higher than that in the DM-CIP patients (P = 0.0004), and that in the anti-MDA5-Ab-positive group was slightly higher than that in the anti-ARS-Ab-positive group. The serum LRG levels correlated significantly with the serum levels of LDH, C-reactive protein, ferritin, AaDO2, %DLco, and total ground-glass opacity score. The survival rate after 24 weeks in patients with an initial LRG level ≥ 17.6 μg/mL (survival rate: 40%) was significantly lower than that in patients with an initial LRG level < 17.6 μg/mL (100%) (P = 0.0009). CONCLUSION The serum LRG level may be a promising marker of disease activity, progression, and prognosis in patients with DM-IP.
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Song S, Cheng J, Yu BJ, Zhou L, Xu HF, Yang LL. LRG1 promotes corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in a corneal alkali burn mouse model. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:365-373. [PMID: 32309171 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.03.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the potential effect and mechanism of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) on corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. METHODS Corneal neovascularization and lymphatics were induced by establishing alkali burn mouse model. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the location of LRG1 in cornea tissues and to verify the source of LRG1-positive cells. Corneal whole-mount staining for CD31 (a panendothelial cell marker) and lymphatic endothelial hyluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1; lymphatic marker) was performed to detect the growth of blood and lymphatic vessels after local application of exogenous LRG1 protein or LRG1 siRNA. In addition, expressions of the proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) related proteins were detected using Western blot analysis. RESULTS LRG1 was dramatically increased in alkali burned corneal stroma in both the limbal and central areas. LRG1-positive cells in the corneal stroma were mainly derived from Vimentin-positive cells. Local application of exogenous LRG1 protein not only aggravated angiogenesis but also lymphangiogenesis significantly (P<0.01). LRG1 group upregulated the levels of VEGF and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family when compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group. We also found that LRG1-specific siRNA could suppress corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis when compared with the scramble siRNA-treated group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION LRG1 can facilitate corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis through heightening the stromal expression of VEGF-A, B, C, D and VEGFR-1, 2, 3; LRG1-specific siRNA can suppress corneal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in corneal alkali burn mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Song
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bing-Jie Yu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China.,Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China.,Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
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Beltran-Camacho L, Jimenez-Palomares M, Rojas-Torres M, Sanchez-Gomar I, Rosal-Vela A, Eslava-Alcon S, Perez-Segura MC, Serrano A, Antequera-González B, Alonso-Piñero JA, González-Rovira A, Extremera-García MJ, Rodriguez-Piñero M, Moreno-Luna R, Larsen MR, Durán-Ruiz MC. Identification of the initial molecular changes in response to circulating angiogenic cells-mediated therapy in critical limb ischemia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:106. [PMID: 32143690 PMCID: PMC7060566 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critical limb ischemia (CLI) constitutes the most aggressive form of peripheral arterial occlusive disease, characterized by the blockade of arteries supplying blood to the lower extremities, significantly diminishing oxygen and nutrient supply. CLI patients usually undergo amputation of fingers, feet, or extremities, with a high risk of mortality due to associated comorbidities. Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), also known as early endothelial progenitor cells, constitute promising candidates for cell therapy in CLI due to their assigned vascular regenerative properties. Preclinical and clinical assays with CACs have shown promising results. A better understanding of how these cells participate in vascular regeneration would significantly help to potentiate their role in revascularization. Herein, we analyzed the initial molecular mechanisms triggered by human CACs after being administered to a murine model of CLI, in order to understand how these cells promote angiogenesis within the ischemic tissues. Methods Balb-c nude mice (n:24) were distributed in four different groups: healthy controls (C, n:4), shams (SH, n:4), and ischemic mice (after femoral ligation) that received either 50 μl physiological serum (SC, n:8) or 5 × 105 human CACs (SE, n:8). Ischemic mice were sacrificed on days 2 and 4 (n:4/group/day), and immunohistochemistry assays and qPCR amplification of Alu-human-specific sequences were carried out for cell detection and vascular density measurements. Additionally, a label-free MS-based quantitative approach was performed to identify protein changes related. Results Administration of CACs induced in the ischemic tissues an increase in the number of blood vessels as well as the diameter size compared to ischemic, non-treated mice, although the number of CACs decreased within time. The initial protein changes taking place in response to ischemia and more importantly, right after administration of CACs to CLI mice, are shown. Conclusions Our results indicate that CACs migrate to the injured area; moreover, they trigger protein changes correlated with cell migration, cell death, angiogenesis, and arteriogenesis in the host. These changes indicate that CACs promote from the beginning an increase in the number of vessels as well as the development of an appropriate vascular network. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Beltran-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jimenez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sanchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Sara Eslava-Alcon
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Ana Serrano
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Borja Antequera-González
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Alonso-Piñero
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Almudena González-Rovira
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mª Jesús Extremera-García
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Moreno-Luna
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Martin Røssel Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain.
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Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:4078671. [PMID: 31886300 PMCID: PMC6914901 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4078671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is exacerbated by an excessive inflammatory response after TLR activation. Here, we investigated the presence of Toll-like receptors TLR1/2/4/6 in colostrum and mature milk of women who delivered before (preterm) or after (term) 37 weeks of gestational age, integrating classical immune-related techniques with proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis. We have detected immunoreactivity for TLRs mostly in preterm samples, even for TLR1 and TLR6, until now not described in human milk. We demonstrated the presence of only TLR2 in the milk fat globule membrane, while the immunoreactivity of TLR1/4/6 was ascribed to crossreaction with some interesting milk proteins sharing leucine-rich repeat domains. These results will provide new insights into the definition of the role of TLRs in intestinal immune regulation of the newborns.
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Oliveira PVSD, Garcia-Rosa S, Sachetto ATA, Moretti AIS, Debbas V, De Bessa TC, Silva NT, Pereira ADC, Martins-de-Souza D, Santoro ML, Laurindo FRM. Protein disulfide isomerase plasma levels in healthy humans reveal proteomic signatures involved in contrasting endothelial phenotypes. Redox Biol 2019; 22:101142. [PMID: 30870787 PMCID: PMC6430080 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-related plasma proteins are candidate reporters of protein signatures associated with endothelial structure/function. Thiol-proteins from protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family are unexplored in this context. Here, we investigate the occurrence and physiological significance of a circulating pool of PDI in healthy humans. We validated an assay for detecting PDI in plasma of healthy individuals. Our results indicate high inter-individual (median = 330 pg/mL) but low intra-individual variability over time and repeated measurements. Remarkably, plasma PDI levels could discriminate between distinct plasma proteome signatures, with PDI-rich (>median) plasma differentially expressing proteins related to cell differentiation, protein processing, housekeeping functions and others, while PDI-poor plasma differentially displayed proteins associated with coagulation, inflammatory responses and immunoactivation. Platelet function was similar among individuals with PDI-rich vs. PDI-poor plasma. Remarkably, such protein signatures closely correlated with endothelial function and phenotype, since cultured endothelial cells incubated with PDI-poor or PDI-rich plasma recapitulated gene expression and secretome patterns in line with their corresponding plasma signatures. Furthermore, such signatures translated into functional responses, with PDI-poor plasma promoting impairment of endothelial adhesion to fibronectin and a disturbed pattern of wound-associated migration and recovery area. Patients with cardiovascular events had lower PDI levels vs. healthy individuals. This is the first study describing PDI levels as reporters of specific plasma proteome signatures directly promoting contrasting endothelial phenotypes and functional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percíllia Victória Santos de Oliveira
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sheila Garcia-Rosa
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Iochabel Soares Moretti
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Debbas
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiphany Coralie De Bessa
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Tenguan Silva
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre da Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo
- Laboratorio de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64 (Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional), Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ward MD, Brueggemann EE, Kenny T, Reitstetter RE, Mahone CR, Trevino S, Wetzel K, Donnelly GC, Retterer C, Norgren RB, Panchal RG, Warren TK, Bavari S, Cazares LH. Characterization of the plasma proteome of nonhuman primates during Ebola virus disease or melioidosis: a host response comparison. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:7. [PMID: 30774579 PMCID: PMC6366079 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In-depth examination of the plasma proteomic response to infection with a wide variety of pathogens can assist in the development of new diagnostic paradigms, while providing insight into the interdependent pathogenic processes which encompass a host’s immunological and physiological responses. Ebola virus (EBOV) causes a highly lethal infection termed Ebola virus disease (EVD) in primates and humans. The Gram negative non-spore forming bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) causes melioidosis in primates and humans, characterized by severe pneumonia with high mortality. We sought to examine the host response to infection with these two bio-threat pathogens using established animal models to provide information on the feasibility of pre-symptomatic diagnosis, since the induction of host molecular signaling networks can occur before clinical presentation and pathogen detection. Methods Herein we report the quantitative proteomic analysis of plasma collected at various times of disease progression from 10 EBOV-infected and 5 Bp-infected nonhuman primates (NHP). Our strategy employed high resolution LC–MS/MS and a peptide-tagging approach for relative protein quantitation. In each infection type, for all proteins with > 1.3 fold abundance change at any post-infection time point, a direct comparison was made with levels obtained from plasma collected daily from 5 naïve rhesus macaques, to determine the fold changes that were significant, and establish the natural variability of abundance for endogenous plasma proteins. Results A total of 41 plasma proteins displayed significant alterations in abundance during EBOV infection, and 28 proteins had altered levels during Bp infection, when compared to naïve NHPs. Many major acute phase proteins quantitated displayed similar fold-changes between the two infection types but exhibited different temporal dynamics. Proteins related to the clotting cascade, immune signaling and complement system exhibited significant differential abundance during infection with EBOV or Bp, indicating a specificity of the response. Conclusions These results advance our understanding of the global plasma proteomic response to EBOV and Bp infection in relevant primate models for human disease and provide insight into potential innate immune response differences between viral and bacterial infections. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-019-9227-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Ward
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Ernst E Brueggemann
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Tara Kenny
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Raven E Reitstetter
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Christopher R Mahone
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Sylvia Trevino
- 2Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Kelly Wetzel
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Ginger C Donnelly
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Cary Retterer
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Robert B Norgren
- 3Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 USA
| | - Rekha G Panchal
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Travis K Warren
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Sina Bavari
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Lisa H Cazares
- 1Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
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Chang SC, Lin WL, Chang YF, Lee CT, Wu JS, Hsu PH, Chang CF. Glycoproteomic identification of novel plasma biomarkers for oral cancer. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:483-493. [PMID: 30987719 PMCID: PMC9296197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer with high incidence rates is occurring in many countries including in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Taiwan. Smoking, alcoholism, and betel nut chewing are considered to be the main risk factors for oral cancer. Further, deaths from oral cancer have increased year by year. Although several oral cancer-associated biomarkers have been reported, very few useful biomarkers have been applied for early diagnosis. Therefore, the investigation of oral cancer-specific biomarkers is urgently needed. We previously investigated N-glycomes of oral cancer cells and patient plasma. We found that both mRNA levels of FUT8 and core-fucosylated glycoproteins increase in cases of oral cancer relative to normal cases. In this study we aim to discover novel core-fucosylated glycoprotein biomarkers for oral cancer diagnosis with glycoproteomic approaches. First, forty plasma samples obtained from the Human Bioinformation Bank of NCKUH were subjected to AAL (Aleuria aurantia lectin) affinity chromatography. Core-fucosylated proteins were collected and applied for LC-MS/MS followed by electrophoresis. Fourteen proteins were identified, and expression levels of proteins in plasma were verified by western blot. Expression levels of some glycoproteins were elevated in the oral cancer group, including ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and leucin-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1). However, levels of some glycoproteins decreased in the cancer group, including apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV). Via ELISA analysis, we found that apo A-IV and apo A-IV/total protein ratios were decreased in plasma accompanied with cancer stages. The LRG1/total protein ratio was found to increase while plasma levels of LRG1 were not found to differ between the oral cancer plasma and normal groups. An ROC curve analysis reveals strong diagnosis performance when combining apo A-IV levels and LRG1/total protein ratios. Taken together, apo A-IV and LRG1, given their strong performance in detecting oral cancer, can serve as useful biomarkers and may be used as a useful tool for oral cancer screening and early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chieh Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Fan Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ting Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shang Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Hung Hsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Plasma proteome changes in cord blood samples from preterm infants. J Perinatol 2018; 38:1182-1189. [PMID: 29910464 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the presented study, we aimed to systematically analyze plasma proteomes in cord blood samples from preterm infants stratified by their gestational age to identify proteins and related malfunctioning pathways at birth, possibly contributing to the complications observed among preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Preterm newborns were enrolled of three subgroups with different gestation age: newborns born ≤26 (group 1), between 27 and 28 (group 2) and between 29 and 30 (group 3) weeks of gestation, respectively, and compared to the control group of healthy, full-term newborns in respect to their plasma proteome composition. RESULT Preterm delivery is associated with multiple protein abundance changes in plasma related to a plethora of processes, including inflammation and immunomodulation, coagulation, and complement activation as some key features. CONCLUSION Plasma proteome analysis revealed numerous gestation-age-dependent protein abundance differences between term and preterm infants, which highlight key dysregulated pathways and potential new protein treatment targets.
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