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Zhu Y, Chen C, Dai Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Xue Y, Shen Q. Identification, screening and molecular mechanisms of natural stable angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from foxtail millet protein hydrolysates: a combined in silico and in vitro study. Food Funct 2024; 15:7782-7793. [PMID: 38967438 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01992j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The stability of bioactive peptides under various food processing conditions is the basis for their use in industrial manufacturing. This study aimed to identify natural ACE inhibitors with excellent stability and investigate their physicochemical properties and putative molecular mechanisms. Five novel ACE inhibitory peptides (QDPLFPL, FPGVSPF, SPAQLLPF, LVPYRP, and WYWPQ) were isolated and identified using RP-HPLC and Nano LC-MS/MS with foxtail millet protein hydrolysates as the raw material. These peptides are non-toxic and exhibit strong ACE inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 values between 0.13 mg mL-1 and 0.56 mg mL-1). In addition to QDPLFPL, FPGVSPF, SPAQLLPF, LVPYRP, and WYWPQ have excellent human intestinal absorption. Compared to FPGVSPF and SPAQLLPF, the stable helical structure of LVPYRP and WYWPQ allows them to maintain high stability under conditions that mimic gastrointestinal digestion and various food processing (temperatures, pH, sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, sodium benzoate, Cu2+, Zn2+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+). The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation suggest that LVPYRP has greater stability and binding capacity to ACE than WYWPQ. LVPYRP might attach to the active pockets (S1, S2, and S1') of ACE via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, then compete with Zn2+ in ACE to demonstrate its ACE inhibitory activity. The binding of LVPYRP to ACE enhances the rearrangement of ACE's active structural domains, with electrostatic and polar solvation energy contributing the most energy to the binding. Our findings suggested that LVPYRP derived from foxtail millet protein hydrolysates has the potential to be incorporated into functional foods to provide antihypertensive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Changyu Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zijian Dai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Han Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Tessema FB, Gonfa YH, Asfaw TB, Tadesse MG, Bachheti RK. In silico Molecular Docking Approach to Identify Potential Antihypertensive Compounds from Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don (Armagusa). Adv Appl Bioinform Chem 2024; 17:47-59. [PMID: 38495362 PMCID: PMC10942012 DOI: 10.2147/aabc.s392878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ajuga integrifolia (Armagusa) is used as a decoction to treat high blood pressure and diabetes, widely in Ethiopia. Specific compounds for anti-hypertension activity were not identified so far. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the therapeutic use of A. integrifolia as an antihypertension agent. Methods In silico studies were used to evaluate the antihypertensive components of A. integrifolia. Flavonoids identified using HPLC analysis and iridoid glycosides isolated from A. integrifolia in this study and those isolated from synonyms (A. remota and A. bractosa) were considered in the molecular docking study. Interactions were studied by using Autodock vina (1.2) on PyRx 0.8 and visualizing in 2D and 3D using ligPlot+ and Discovery studio software. Activities like vasoprotection and druglikeness properties were predicted using online servers. Results Flavonoids such as quercetin, myricetin, and rutin were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis from different extracts of A. integrifolia. Reptoside and 8-O-acetylharpgide isolated from the aerial part of A. integrifolia. The binding energies of all 17 candidates considered in this study range from -10.2 kcal/mol to -7.5 kcal/mol and are lower than enalapril (reference drug: -5.9 kcal/mol). The binding energies, in most case, constitute hydrogen bonding. Biological activity predicted using PASS test also showed that the flavonoids have more probability of activity than the iridoid glycosides. Druglikeness properties of the candidate molecules showed that most follow the Lipinski rule of five with few violations. Conclusion Lower binding energies involving hydrogen bonding and predicted activities concerning hypertension confirm the traditional use of the aerial part of the medicinal plant concerned. Flavonoids: rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol take the leading role in the antihypertensive activity of the aerial part of A. integrifolia. The iridoid glycosides studied are almost similar in their effect on their antihypertensive activity and still better than the reference drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekade Beshah Tessema
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yilma Hunde Gonfa
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Belayneh Asfaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Getachew Tadesse
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bachheti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Allied Sciences, Graphic Era Hill University, Society Area, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, India
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Joshi BP, Bhandare VV, Vankawala M, Patel P, Patel R, Vyas B, Krishnamurty R. Friedelin, a novel inhibitor of CYP17A1 in prostate cancer from Cassia tora. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9695-9720. [PMID: 36373336 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2145497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In prostate cancer (PC), drugs targeting CYP17A1 have shown great success in regulating PC progression. However, successful drug molecules show adverse side effects and therapeutic resistance in PC. Therefore, we proposed to discover the potent phytochemical-based inhibitor against CYP17A1 using virtual screening. In this study, a phytochemicals library of ∼13800 molecules was selected to screen the best possible inhibitors against CYP17A1. A molecular modelling approach investigated detailed intermolecular interactions, their structural stability, and binding affinity. Further, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to confirm the anticancer activity of identified potential inhibitor against CYP17A1. Friedelin from Cassia tora (CT) is identified as the best possible inhibitor from the screened library. MD simulation study reveals stable binding of Friedelin to conserved binding pocket of CYP17A1 with higher binding affinity than studied control, that is, Orteronel. Friedelin was tested on hormone-sensitive (22Rv1) and insensitive (DU145) cell lines and the IC50 value was found to be 72.025 and 81.766 µg/ml, respectively. CT extract showed a 25.28% IC50 value against 22Rv1, ∼92.6% increase in late Apoptosis/Necrosis, and three folds decrease in early apoptosis in treated cells compared to untreated cells. Further, animal studies show a marked decrease in prostate weight by 39.6% and prostate index by 36.5%, along with a reduction in serum PSA level by 71.7% and testosterone level by 92.4% compared to the testosterone group, which was further validated with histopathological studies. Thus, we propose Friedelin and CT extract as potential leads, which could be taken further for drug development in PC.[Figure: see text]Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahima Vankawala
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Prittesh Patel
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Bioinformatics and Supercomputer Lab., Department of Biosciences (UGC-SAP-DRS-II & DST-FIST-I), Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavin Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramar Krishnamurty
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat, Gujarat, India
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Guo X, Pan X, Sun Q, Hu Y, Shi J. Design of a novel multiepitope vaccine against Chlamydia pneumoniae using the extracellular protein as a target. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15070. [PMID: 37700027 PMCID: PMC10497608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) infection in humans is universal and causes various respiratory infectious diseases, making a safe and effective preventive vaccine essential. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine with CTLA-4 extracellular structure was constructed by an immunoinformatics approach. Since MOMP protein is the major extracellular protein in C. pneumoniae and has good immunogenicity and high conservation, we selected the MOMP protein of C. pneumoniae as the antigen target, predicted the T and B cell epitopes of the MOMP protein and then connected the CTLA-4 extracellular structure with the predicted dominant epitopes by various linkers to construct a multi-epitope vaccine. The biochemical characterization of the multi-epitope vaccine showed its immunogenicity and anti-allergic properties. The tertiary structure of this vaccine, along with molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and principal component analysis, showed that the multi-epitope vaccine structure interacted with B7 (B7-1, B7-2) and toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4). Ultimately, the vaccine was cloned and effectively expressed in silico on an insect baculovirus expression vector (pFastBac1). These analyses showed that the designed vaccine could potentially target antigen-presenting cells and was immune to C. pneumoniae, which provided novel strategies for developing the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Guo
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiangming Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China.
- National Kunming High-Level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yunzhang Hu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jiandong Shi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, Yunnan, China.
- National Kunming High-Level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Tripathi J, Gupta S, Gautam S. Alpha-cadinol as a potential ACE-inhibitory volatile compound identified from Phaseolus vulgaris L. through in vitro and in silico analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:3847-3861. [PMID: 35380098 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2057359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, which is mainly caused due to over activation of renin-angiotensin system. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which is involved in formation of angiotensin II from angiotensin I, causes the blood vessels to constrict, in turn leading to hypertension. The current study was initiated to understand the role of bioactive volatile compounds from Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean), in ACE enzyme inhibition. Beans aqueous extract (BAE) showed maximum ACE inhibition of 88.4 ± 0.8% in comparison to other commonly consumed vegetables like spinach and garlic. The head space gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of a number of terpenes and terpenoids, which were present prominently in BAE. In silico molecular docking studies indicated that among the other volatile compounds, alpha-cadinol (-7.27 kcal/mol) and ar-tumerone (-6.44 kcal/mol) have the maximum binding affinity with the active site of ACE, as compared to that of captopril (-6.41 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamic simulation in biological environment, showed that alpha-cadinol forms a stable complex with ACE, with average binding energy of -42 kJ/mol. The ACE:alpha-cadinol complex was found to be stable mainly due to the hydrophobic interactions of alpha-cadinol with active site residues (Tyr523 and Phe457) of ACE. The in silico drug-likeness analysis showed that alpha-cadinol is appropriate for human system with no predicted hepatotoxicity or mutagenicity (AMES toxicity).Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Tripathi
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Satyendra Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
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Hatakenaka T, Kato T, Okamoto K. In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Found in Hydrophobic Domains of Porcine Elastin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083337. [PMID: 37110571 PMCID: PMC10140934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most striking aspects of the primary structure in the hydrophobic domains of the tropoelastin molecule is the occurrence of the VAPGVG repeating sequence. Since the N-terminal tripeptide VAP of VAPGVG showed a potent ACE inhibitory activity, the ACE inhibitory activity of various derivatives of VAP was examined in vitro. The results showed that VAP derivative peptides VLP, VGP, VSP, GAP, LSP, and TRP exhibited potent ACE inhibitory activities, while the non-derivative peptide APG showed only weak activity. In in silico studies, the docking score S value showed that VAP derivative peptides VLP, VGP, VSP, LSP, and TRP had stronger docking interactions than APG. Molecular docking in the ACE active pocket showed that TRP, the most potent ACE inhibitory peptide among the VAP derivatives, had a larger number of interactions with ACE residues in comparison with APG and that the TRP molecule appeared to spread widely in the ACE pocket, while the APG molecule appeared to spread closely. Differences in molecular spread may be a reason why TRP exhibits more potent ACE inhibitory activity than APG. The results suggest that the number and strength of interactions between the peptide and ACE are important for the ACE- inhibitory potency of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Hatakenaka
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
- Vital Resources Applied Laboratory, Inc., Iizuka 820-0067, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kato
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kouji Okamoto
- Vital Resources Applied Laboratory, Inc., Iizuka 820-0067, Japan
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Majeed ST, Majeed R, Malik AA, Andrabi KI. MTORC2 is a physiological hydrophobic motif kinase of S6 Kinase 1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119449. [PMID: 36858209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), a major downstream effector molecule of mTORC1, regulates cell growth and proliferation by modulating protein translation and ribosome biogenesis. We have recently identified eIF4E as an intermediate in transducing signals from mTORC1 to S6K1 and further demonstrated that the role of mTORC1 is restricted to inducing eIF4E phosphorylation and interaction with S6K1. This interaction relieves S6K1 auto-inhibition and facilitates its hydrophobic motif (HM) phosphorylation and activation as a consequence. These observations underscore a possible involvement of mTORC1 independent kinase in mediating HM phosphorylation. Here, we report mTORC2 as an in-vivo/physiological HM kinase of S6K1. We show that rapamycin-resistant S6K1 truncation mutant ∆NH∆CT continues to display HM phosphorylation with selective sensitivity toward Torin-1. We also show that HM phosphorylation of wildtype S6K1and ∆NH∆CT depends on the presence of mTORC2 regulatory subunit-rictor. Furthermore, truncation mutagenesis and molecular docking analysis reveal the involvement of a conserved 19 amino acid stretch of S6K1 in mediating interaction with rictor. We finally show that deletion of the 19 amino acid region from wildtype S6K1 results in loss of interaction with rictor, with a resultant loss of HM phosphorylation regardless of the presence of functional TOS motif. Our data demonstrate that mTORC2 acts as a physiological HM kinase that can activate S6K1 after its auto-inhibition is overcome by mTORC1. We, therefore, propose a novel mechanism for S6K1 regulation where mTOR complexes 1 and 2 act in tandem to activate the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Tahir Majeed
- Growth Factor Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Rabiya Majeed
- Growth Factor Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Aijaz A Malik
- Centre of Excellence in Computational Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khurshid Iqbal Andrabi
- Growth Factor Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
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Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors activity from purified compounds Fructus Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:56. [PMID: 36803524 PMCID: PMC9940430 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mahkota Dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.] fruit in vitro and in- vivo can decrease and prevent elevation of the blood pressure, lower plasma glucose levels, possess an antioxidant effect, and recover liver and kidney damage in rats. This study aimed to determine the structure and inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) from the Mahkota Dewa fruit. METHODS The fruit powder was macerated using methanol and then partitioned by hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The fractions were chromatographed on the column chromatography and incorporated with TLC and recrystallization to give pure compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were determined by UV-Visible, FT-IR, MS, proton (1H-NMR), carbon (13C-NMR), and 2D-NMR techniques encompassing HMQC and HMBC spectra. The compounds were evaluated for their ACE inhibitory activity, and the strongest compound was determined by the kinetics enzyme inhibition. RESULTS Based on the spectral data, the isolated compounds were determined as 6,4-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 4,4'-dihydroxy-6-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and mangiferin (3). IC50 values of the isolated compounds 1, 2 and 3 were 0.055, 0.07, and 0.025 mM, respectively. CONCLUSION The three compounds have ACE inhibitor and mangiferin demonstrated the best ACE inhibitory activity with competitive inhibition on ACE with the type of inhibition kinetics is competitive inhibition.
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Yaji ELA, Wahab SA, Len KYT, Sabri MZ, Razali N, Dos Mohamed AM, Wong FWF, Talib NA, Hashim NH, Pa’ee KF. Alternative biomanufacturing of bioactive peptides derived from halal food sources. INNOVATION OF FOOD PRODUCTS IN HALAL SUPPLY CHAIN WORLDWIDE 2023:99-113. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91662-2.00007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Zhang B, Liu J, Wen H, Jiang F, Wang E, Zhang T. Structural requirements and interaction mechanisms of ACE inhibitory peptides: molecular simulation and thermodynamics studies on LAPYK and its modified peptides. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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HERES A, YOKOYAMA I, GALLEGO M, TOLDRÁ F, ARIHARA K, MORA L. Impact of oxidation on the cardioprotective properties of the bioactive dipeptide AW in dry-cured ham. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sedzro DM, Idris MO, Durojaye OA, Yekeen AA, Fadahunsi AA, Alakanse SO. Identifying Potential p53‐MDM2 Interaction Antagonists: An Integrated Approach of Pharmacophore‐Based Virtual Screening, Interaction Fingerprinting, MD Simulation and DFT Studies. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divine Mensah Sedzro
- MOE Key Laboratory of Membraneless Organelle and Cellular Dynamics Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Mukhtar Oluwaseun Idris
- School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Olanrewaju Ayodeji Durojaye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Membraneless Organelle and Cellular Dynamics Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- Department of Chemical Sciences Coal City University, Emene Enugu State Nigeria
- ACAII BIOHEALTH LTD, Ikotun Lagos State Nigeria
| | - Abeeb Abiodun Yekeen
- School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Adeola Abraham Fadahunsi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering (GSBSE) University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA
- Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
| | - Suleiman Oluwaseun Alakanse
- School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences University of Ilorin Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria
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Polymorphisms in common antihypertensive targets: Pharmacogenomic implications for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:141-182. [PMID: 35659371 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The idea of personalized medicine came to fruition with sequencing the human genome; however, aside from a few cases, the genetic revolution has yet to materialize. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, and hypertension is a common prelude to nearly all cardiovascular diseases. Thus, hypertension is an ideal candidate disease to apply tenants of personalized medicine to lessen cardiovascular disease. Herein is a survey that visually depicts the polymorphisms in the top eight antihypertensive targets. Although there are numerous genome-wide association studies regarding cardiovascular disease, few studies look at the effects of receptor polymorphisms on drug treatment. With 17,000+ polymorphisms in the combined target proteins examined, it is expected that some of the clinical variability in the treatment of hypertension is due to polymorphisms in the drug targets. Recent advances in techniques and technology, such as high throughput examination of single mutations, structure prediction, computational power for modeling, and CRISPR models of point mutations, allow for a relatively rapid and comprehensive examination of the effects of known and future polymorphisms on drug affinity and effects. As hypertension is easy to measure and has a plethora of clinically viable ligands, hypertension makes an excellent disease to study pharmacogenomics in the lab and the clinic. If the promises of personalized medicine are to materialize, a concerted effort to examine the effects polymorphisms have on drugs is required. A clinician with the knowledge of a patient's genotype can then prescribe drugs that are optimal for treating that specific patient.
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Radović J, Suručić R, Niketić M, Kundaković-Vasović T. Alchemilla viridiflora Rothm.: the potent natural inhibitor of angiotensin I-converting enzyme. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1893-1903. [PMID: 35348979 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alchemilla viridiflora Rothm., Rosaceae is a herbaceous plant widespread in central Greece, Bulgaria, North Macedonia and Serbia with Kosovo. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis leads to the identification of 20 compounds in methanol extract, mainly ellagitannins and flavonoid glycosides. Given that various plant extracts have traditionally been used to treat hypertension and that some of the analyzed methanol extract constituents have beneficial cardiovascular effects, we hypothesized that some of these effects are achieved by inhibiting angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). The dose-dependent ACE inhibitory activities of A. viridiflora and miquelianin were observed with an IC50 of 2.51 ± 0.00 µg/mL of A. viridiflora extract compared to the IC50 of 5.4139 ± 0.00 µM for miquelianin. The contribution of the single compounds to the tested activity was further analyzed through the in silico experimental approach. Computational docking results showed that tiliroside, ellagic acid pentose and galloyl-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-glucose exhibited even better binding affinity for the ACE active site than miquelianin, for which ACE activity was confirmed by an in vitro assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Radović
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Relja Suručić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Banja Luka-Faculty of Medicine, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska
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15
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Joshi BP, Bhandare VV, Patel P, Sharma A, Patel R, Krishnamurthy R. Molecular modelling studies and identification of novel phytochemical inhibitor of DLL3. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:3089-3109. [PMID: 35220906 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2045224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer has been recently considered the most diagnosed cancer in male. DLL3 is overexpressed in CRPC-NE but not in localised prostate cancer or BPH. There are no effective treatments for neuroendocrine differentiated prostate cancer due to a lack of understanding of DLL3 structure and function. The structure of DLL3 is not yet determined using any experimental techniques. Hence, the structure-based drug discovery approach against prostate cancer has not shown great success. In present study, molecular modelling techniques were employed to generate three-dimensional structure of DLL3 and performed its thorough structural analysis. Further, all-atom molecular dynamics simulation was performed to obtain energetically favourable conformation. Further, we used a virtual screening using a library of >13800 phytochemicals from the IMPPAT database and other literature to select the best possible phytochemical inhibitor for DLL3 and identified the top five compounds. Relative binding affinity was calculated using the MM-PBSA approach. ADMET properties of the screened compounds reveal the toxic effect of Gnemonol C. We believe these studied physicochemical properties, functional domain identification, and binding site identification would be very useful to gain more structural and functional insights of DLL3; also, it can be used to infer their pharmacodynamics properties of DLL3 which was recently reported as an important prostate cancer target. The current study also proposes that Ergosterol Peroxide, Dioslupecin A, Mulberrofuran K, and Caracurine V have strong affinities and could serve as plausible inhibitors against DLL3. We believe this study would further help develop better drug candidates against neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prittesh Patel
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Bioinformatics and Supercomputer Lab., Department of Biosciences (UGC-SAP-DRS-II & DST-FIST-I), Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramar Krishnamurthy
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, India
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16
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Identification and Quantitation of Bioactive and Taste-Related Dipeptides in Low-Salt Dry-Cured Ham. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052507. [PMID: 35269650 PMCID: PMC8910418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction of salt in meat products influences the natural mechanisms of proteolysis occurring in their processing, and could affect the final characteristics of the product in terms of texture and flavor due to its effect on the activity of enzymes. In the present study, the quantitation of dipeptides PA, GA, VG, EE, ES, DA, and DG in low-salt Spanish dry-cured ham was carried out using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry instrument. The developed methodology demonstrated the advantages of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography in the removal of salt as a clean-up/separation step before ionization. This resulted in a value of 44.88 μg/g dry-cured ham for GA dipeptide, and values ranging from 2 to 8 μg/g dry-cured ham for VG, EE, ES, DA, and DG dipeptides. PA showed the lowest concentration with a value of 0.18 μg/g dry-cured ham. These outcomes prove the remarkable activity of muscular dipeptidyl peptidases during dry-curing as well as confirming the presence of these dipeptides which are related to certain taste attributes (e.g., ‘bitter’ or ‘umami’). Such dipeptides have also been confirmed as anti-inflammatory and potential cardiovascular protectors using in vitro assays, with the advantage of dipeptides small size increases their chance to resist both gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal/bloodstream transport without being degraded or modified.
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17
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NG KL, TAN YN, OSMAN MA, RAJAB NF, EE KY. Characterization, antioxidant, ACE inhibition and toxicity evaluations of palm kernel cake-derived Alcalase® hydrolysate. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.80421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Nee TAN
- Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Kah-Yaw EE
- Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
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18
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Goh NY, Mohamad Razif MF, Yap YHY, Ng CL, Fung SY. In silico analysis and characterization of medicinal mushroom cystathionine beta-synthase as an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory protein. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 96:107620. [PMID: 34971900 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) regulates blood pressure and has been implicated in several conditions including lung injury, fibrosis and Alzheimer's disease. Medicinal mushroom Ganordema lucidum (Reishi) cystathionine beta-synthase (GlCBS) was previously reported to possess ACE inhibitory activities. However, the inhibitory mechanism of CBS protein remains unreported. Therefore, this study integrates in silico sequencing, structural and functional based-analysis, protein modelling, molecular docking and binding affinity calculation to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of GlCBS and Lignosus rhinocerus (Tiger milk mushroom) CBS protein (LrCBS) towards ACE. In silico analysis indicates that CBSs from both mushrooms share high similarities in terms of physical properties, structural properties and domain distribution. Protein-protein docking analysis revealed that both GlCBS and LrCBS potentially modulate the C-terminal domain of ACE (C-ACE) activity via regulation of chloride activation and/or prevention of substrate entry. GICBS and LrCBS were also shown to interact with ACE at the same region that presumably inhibits the function of ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng-Yao Goh
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fazril Mohamad Razif
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yeannie Hui-Yeng Yap
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chyan Leong Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shin-Yee Fung
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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19
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Heres A, Yokoyama I, Gallego M, Toldrá F, Arihara K, Mora L. Antihypertensive potential of sweet Ala-Ala dipeptide and its quantitation in dry-cured ham at different processing conditions. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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20
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A UPLC-DAD-Based Bio-Screening Assay for the Evaluation of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Plant Extracts and Compounds: Pyrroquinazoline Alkaloids from Adhatoda vasica as a Case Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226971. [PMID: 34834066 PMCID: PMC8617709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure in the human body. Identification of potential ACE inhibitors from medicinal plants supported the idea of repurposing these medicinal plants against hypertension. A method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD) was used for the rapid screening of plant extracts and purified compounds to determine their ACE inhibitory activity. Hippuryl-histidiyl-leucine (HHL) was used as a substrate, which is converted into hippuric acid (HA) by the action of ACE. A calibration curve of the substrate HHL was developed with the linear regression 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification of this method were found to be 0.134 and 0.4061 mM, respectively. Different parameters of ACE inhibitory assay were optimized, including concentration, incubation time and temperature. The ACE inhibition potential of Adhatoda vasica (methanolic-aqueous extract) and its isolated pyrroquinazoline alkaloids, vasicinol (1), vasicine (2) and vasicinone (3) was evaluated. Compounds 1–3 were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The IC50 values of vasicinol (1), vasicine (2) and vasicinone (3) were found to be 6.45, 2.60 and 13.49 mM, respectively. Molecular docking studies of compounds 1–3 were also performed. Among these compounds, vasicinol (1) binds as effectively as captopril, a standard drug of ACE inhibition.
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21
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Xue L, Yin R, Howell K, Zhang P. Activity and bioavailability of food protein-derived angiotensin-I-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:1150-1187. [PMID: 33527706 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides are able to inhibit the activity of ACE, which is the key enzymatic factor mediating systemic hypertension. ACE-inhibitory peptides can be obtained from edible proteins and have the function of antihypertension. The amino acid sequences and the secondary structures of ACE-inhibitory peptides determine the inhibitory activities and stability. The resistance of ACE-inhibitory peptides to digestive enzymes and peptidase affect their antihypertensive bioactivity in vivo. In this paper, the mechanism of ACE-inhibition, sources of the inhibitory peptides, structure-activity relationships, stability during digestion, absorption and transportation of ACE-inhibitory peptides, and consumption of ACE-inhibitory peptides are reviewed, which provide guidance to the development of new functional foods and production of antihypertensive nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xue
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China.,School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rongxin Yin
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Howell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Festa M, Sansone C, Brunet C, Crocetta F, Di Paola L, Lombardo M, Bruno A, Noonan DM, Albini A. Cardiovascular Active Peptides of Marine Origin with ACE Inhibitory Activities: Potential Role as Anti-Hypertensive Drugs and in Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8364. [PMID: 33171852 PMCID: PMC7664667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing interest in hypertension-one of the main factors characterizing the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS)-and anti-hypertensive drugs raised from the emergence of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID19 pandemic. The virus SARS-CoV-2 employs the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a component of the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) system, as a receptor for entry into the cells. Several classes of synthetic drugs are available for hypertension, rarely associated with severe or mild adverse effects. New natural compounds, such as peptides, might be useful to treat some hypertensive patients. The main feature of ACE inhibitory peptides is the location of the hydrophobic residue, usually Proline, at the C-terminus. Some already known bioactive peptides derived from marine resources have potential ACE inhibitory activity and can be considered therapeutic agents to treat hypertension. Peptides isolated from marine vertebrates, invertebrates, seaweeds, or sea microorganisms displayed important biological activities to treat hypertensive patients. Here, we reviewed the anti-hypertensive activities of bioactive molecules isolated/extracted from marine organisms and discussed the associated molecular mechanisms involved. We also examined ACE2 modulation in sight of SARS2-Cov infection prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Festa
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (M.L); (D.M.N.)
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Fabio Crocetta
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luisa Di Paola
- Unit of Chemical-physics Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Antonino Bruno
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (M.L); (D.M.N.)
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (M.L); (D.M.N.)
- Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 30138 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (M.L); (D.M.N.)
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23
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Channa Basappa V, Hamse Kameshwar V, Kumara K, Achutha DK, Neratur Krishnappagowda L, Kariyappa AK. Design and synthesis of coumarin-triazole hybrids: biocompatible anti-diabetic agents, in silico molecular docking and ADME screening. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05290. [PMID: 33102875 PMCID: PMC7575805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study demonstrates the synthesis of coumarin-triazole hybrids 8 (a-e) in four steps starting from substituted salicylaldehyde 1 (a-e), and diethyl malonate 2. The spectroscopic studies provide the structure proofs of the new compounds, and the molecular structure of an intermediate 3a by crystallographic studies. The crystal structure analysis revealed the C–H...O, C–H... π, C–O...π and π...π molecular interactions. Further, the intermolecular interactions were quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the DFT method B3LYP functional with 6–311++ G (d,p) basis set was employed to optimize the molecular geometry. The synthesized new coumarin-triazole hybrids, 8 (a–e) were screened for their α-amylase inhibitory potentials, and the results suggest that amongst the series, compounds 8c, and 8e show the promising inhibition of the enzyme, and might act as lead molecules for anti-diabetic activities. To understand the mode of action in silico molecular docking and ADME screening were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Hamse Kameshwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University-Centre for Research and Innovation, Adichunchanagiri University B.G Nagara, Mandya, India
| | - Karthik Kumara
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India.,Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Jain University (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
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24
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Looi D, Goh BH, Khan SU, Ahemad N, Palanisamy UD. Metabolites of the ellagitannin, geraniin inhibit human ACE; in vitro and in silico evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:470-477. [PMID: 33032478 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1830263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is defined as the persistence of elevated blood pressure in the circulation system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a major modulator of blood pressure. Among the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, hypertension is the most preventable and treatable, with drugs such as ACE inhibitors. Many ACE inhibitors are known to have undesirable side effects and hence, natural alternatives are being sought. Dietary polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins, are derived from plant products and are known to exhibit a variety of bioactivities. Geraniin, an ellagitannin has been shown to have antihypertensive activity in animal experiments. It is speculated that the metabolites of geraniin are responsible for its ACE inhibitory activity. We have performed in vitro ACE inhibition and in silico studies with geraniin and its metabolites (ellagic acid, urolithins). Our studies confirm that ellagic acid exhibited similar inhibitory potential to ACE as the positive control captopril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Looi
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Boon H Goh
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shafi U Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Uma D Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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25
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In Silico Evaluation of Food Derived Bioactive Peptides as Inhibitors of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE). Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Spontaneous Hinge-Bending Motions of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme: Role in Activation and Inhibition. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061288. [PMID: 32178362 PMCID: PMC7146279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of human angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) has been regarded as a promising approach for the treatment of hypertension. Despite research attempts over many years, our understanding the mechanisms of activation and inhibition of ACE is still far from complete. Here, we present results of all atom molecular dynamics simulations of ACE with and without ligands. Two types of inhibitors, competitive and mixed non-competitive, were used to model the ligand bound forms. In the absence of a ligand the simulation showed spontaneous large hinge-bending motions of multiple conversions between the closed and open states of ACE, while the ligand bound forms were stable in the closed state. Our simulation results imply that the equilibrium between pre-existing backbone conformations shifts in the presence of a ligand. The hinge-bending motion of ACE is considered as an essential to the enzyme function. A mechanistic model of activation and the inhibition may provide valuable information for novel inhibitors of ACE.
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27
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De Oliveira TV, Guimarães AP, Bressan GC, Maia ER, Coimbra JSDR, Polêto MD, De Oliveira EB. Structural and molecular bases of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition by bovine casein-derived peptides: an in silico molecular dynamics approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1386-1403. [PMID: 32066337 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1730243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation process, and its inhibition is one of the main drug targets for the treatment of hypertension. Though various peptides from milk proteins are well-known for their ACE-inhibitory capacity, research devoted to understand the molecular bases of such property remain scarce, specifically for such peptides. Therefore, in this work, computational molecular docking and molecular dynamics calculations were performed to enlighten the intermolecular interactions involved in ACE inhibition by six different casein-derived peptides (FFVAPFPEVFGK, FALPQYLK, ALNEINQFYQK, YLGYLEQLLR, HQGLPQEVLNENLLR and NAVPITPTLNR). Two top ranked docking poses for each peptide (one with N- and the other C-terminal peptide extremity oriented towards the ACE active site) were selected for dynamic simulations (50 ns; GROMOS53A6 force field), and the results were correlated to in vitro ACE inhibition capacity. Two molecular features appeared to be essential for peptides to present high ACE inhibition capacity in vitro: i) to interact with the S1 active site residues (Ala354, Glu384, and Tyr523) by hydrogen bonds; ii) to interact with Zn2+ coordinated residues (His383, His387, and Glu411) by short-lenght hydrogen bonds, as observed in the cases of ALNEINQFYQK (IACE = 80.7%), NAVPITPTLNR (IACE = 80.7%), and FALPQYLK (IACE = 79.0%). Regardless of the temporal stability of these strong interactions, they promoted some disruption of Zn2+ tetrahedral coordination during the molecular dynamics trajectories, and were pointed as the main reason for the greatest ACE inhibition by these peptides. On the other hand, peptides with intermediate inhibition capacity (50% < IACE < 45%) interacted mainly by weaker interactions (e.g.: electrostatic and hydrophobic) with the Zn2+ coordinated residues, and were not able to change significantly its tetrahedral coordination structure. These findings may: i) assist the discrimination in silico of "good" and "bad" ACE-inhibitory peptides from other food sources, and/or ii) aid in designing de novo new molecules with ACE-inhibitory capacity. Communicated by Ramaswamy Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula Guimarães
- Departamento de Química (DEQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Costa Bressan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (DBB), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Elaine Rose Maia
- Laboratório de Estudos Estruturais Moleculares (LEEM), Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Depólo Polêto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral (DBG), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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28
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Caballero J. Considerations for Docking of Selective Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020295. [PMID: 31940798 PMCID: PMC7024173 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a two-domain dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase, which has a direct involvement in the control of blood pressure by performing the hydrolysis of angiotensin I to produce angiotensin II. At the same time, ACE hydrolyzes other substrates such as the vasodilator peptide bradykinin and the anti-inflammatory peptide N-acetyl-SDKP. In this sense, ACE inhibitors are bioactive substances with potential use as medicinal products for treatment or prevention of hypertension, heart failures, myocardial infarction, and other important diseases. This review examined the most recent literature reporting ACE inhibitors with the help of molecular modeling. The examples exposed here demonstrate that molecular modeling methods, including docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), etc, are essential for a complete structural picture of the mode of action of ACE inhibitors, where molecular docking has a key role. Examples show that too many works identified ACE inhibitory activities of natural peptides and peptides obtained from hydrolysates. In addition, other works report non-peptide compounds extracted from natural sources and synthetic compounds. In all these cases, molecular docking was used to provide explanation of the chemical interactions between inhibitors and the ACE binding sites. For docking applications, most of the examples exposed here do not consider that: (i) ACE has two domains (nACE and cACE) with available X-ray structures, which are relevant for the design of selective inhibitors, and (ii) nACE and cACE binding sites have large dimensions, which leads to non-reliable solutions during docking calculations. In support of the solution of these problems, the structural information found in Protein Data Bank (PDB) was used to perform an interaction fingerprints (IFPs) analysis applied on both nACE and cACE domains. This analysis provides plots that identify the chemical interactions between ligands and both ACE binding sites, which can be used to guide docking experiments in the search of selective natural components or novel drugs. In addition, the use of hydrogen bond constraints in the S2 and S2′ subsites of nACE and cACE are suggested to guarantee that docking solutions are reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Caballero
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM), Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca 3460000, Chile
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29
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Choudhary DK, Chaturvedi N, Singh A, Mishra A. Characterization, inhibitory activity and mechanism of polyphenols from faba bean (gallic-acid and catechin) on α-glucosidase: insights from molecular docking and simulation study. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:123-132. [PMID: 31702433 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1679171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemo-profiling of ethanolic extract of faba beans seeds was performed and explored as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. The inhibition of α-glucosidase is one of the alternatives approach to control postprandial hyperglycemia by, resulting in the delay of the carbohydrate digestion of absorbable monosaccharides. Ethanolic seed extract showed phenolic compounds, flavonoid such as gallic acid (m/z [M- H] = 169.0124,C7H6O5) ellagic acid derivatives epigallocatechin (m/z [M- H = 305.0644,C15H14O7),catechin (m/z [M- H] = 289.0656,C15H14O6), epigallocatechin gallate (m/z [M- H] = 457.0578,C22H18O11) and epicatechin monogallate (m/z [M- H] = 441.081, C22H18O10). The extract was found to exert inhibitory activity (88.28 ± 2.67%) (IC50 value of 2.30 ± 0.032 mg/mL) with a mixed mode of inhibition (Km, apparent = 0.54 ± 0.020 mM and Vmax, apparent 0.136 ± 0.04 mM/min). Molecular docking studies of gallic acid and catechin on α-glucosidase proposed productive binding modes having binding energy (-6.58 kcal/mol and -7.25 kcal/mol) with an effective number of hydrogen bonds and binding energy. Tyr63, Arg197, Asp198, Glu 233, Asn324, Asp 326 of α-glucosidase participated in binding events with gallic acid and catechin. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were performed for both complexes i.e. gal:α-glucosidase and cat:α-glucosidase along with apo state of α-glucosidase, which revealed stable systems during the simulation. These findings of the present study may give an insight into the further development of the novel antidiabetic drug from the seeds of faba beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Choudhary
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Navaneet Chaturvedi
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Abha Mishra
- Biomolecular Engineering Laboratory, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
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Abachi S, Bazinet L, Beaulieu L. Antihypertensive and Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE)-Inhibitory Peptides from Fish as Potential Cardioprotective Compounds. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E613. [PMID: 31671730 PMCID: PMC6891548 DOI: 10.3390/md17110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The term metabolic/cardiometabolic/insulin resistance syndrome could generally be defined as the co-occurrence of several risk factors inclusive of systemic arterial hypertension. Not only that organizations, such as the world health organization (WHO) have identified high blood pressure as one of the main risk factors of the cardiometabolic syndrome, but there is also a link between the occurrence of insulin resistance/impaired glucose tolerance and hypertension that would consequently lead to type-2 diabetes (T2D). Hypertension is medicated by various classes of synthetic drugs; however, severe or mild adverse effects have been repeatedly reported. To avoid and reduce these adverse effects, natural alternatives, such as bioactive peptides derived from different sources have drawn the attention of researchers. Among all types of biologically active peptides inclusive of marine-derived ones, this paper's focus would solely be on fish and fishery by-processes' extracted peptides and products. Isolation and fractionation processes of these products alongside their structural, compositional and digestion stability characteristics have likewise been briefly discussed to better address the structure-activity relationship, expanding the reader's knowledge on research and discovery trend of fish antihypertensive biopeptides. Furthermore, drug-likeness of selected biopeptides was predicted by Lipinski's rules to differentiate a drug-like biopeptide from nondrug-like one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Abachi
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Lucie Beaulieu
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Lubbe L, Sturrock ED. Interacting cogs in the machinery of the renin angiotensin system. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:583-589. [PMID: 31177382 PMCID: PMC6682192 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00555-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic angiotensin converting enzyme (sACE) is well-known for its role in blood pressure regulation and consequently, ACE inhibitors are widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension. More than 60 years after the discovery of sACE, however, the molecular details of its substrate hydrolysis and inhibition are still poorly understood. Isothermal titration calorimetry, molecular dynamics simulations and fine epitope mapping suggest that substrate or inhibitor binding triggers a hinging motion between the two subdomains of each domain. Ligand binding to one domain further induces a conformational change in sACE to negatively affect the second domain's function and can also cause dimerization between sACE molecules. This has been linked to an increase in sACE expression via intracellular signalling. Inhibitor-induced dimerization could thus decrease the efficacy of hypertension treatment. At present, the only structural information available for sACE are crystal structures of the truncated domains in the closed conformation due to the presence of ligands. These structures do not provide any information regarding the open active site conformation prior to ligand binding, the relative orientation of the two domains in full-length sACE, or the dimerization interface. To guarantee effective therapeutic intervention, further research is required to investigate the hinging, negative cooperativity and dimerization of sACE. This review describes our current understanding of these interactions and proposes how recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy could enable structural elucidation of their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizelle Lubbe
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Edward D Sturrock
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
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