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Oliver-Pons C, Sala-Vila A, Cofán M, Serra-Mir M, Roth I, Valls-Pedret C, Domènech M, Ortega E, Rajaram S, Sabaté J, Ros E, Chiva-Blanch G. Effects of walnut consumption for 2 years on older adults' bone health in the Walnuts and Healthy Aging (WAHA) trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:2471-2482. [PMID: 38818857 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.19007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional strategies to maintain bone health in aging individuals are of great interest. Given the beneficial nutrient composition of walnuts, rich in alpha-linolenic (the vegetable n-3 fatty acid) and polyphenols, their regular consumption might be a dietary option to reduce age-related bone loss. We determined whether daily walnut consumption improves bone mineral density (BMD) and circulating biomarkers of bone turnover. METHODS The Walnuts and Healthy Aging study (WAHA) is a two-center, parallel, randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of a diet enriched with walnuts at ≈15% energy compared with a control diet for 2 years on age-related health outcomes in healthy men and women aged 63-79 years. Changes in BMD were a prespecified secondary outcome only at the Barcelona node of the trial, where 352 participants were randomized. Retention rate was 92.6%. Primary endpoints were 2-year changes in BMD at the spine and the nondominant femoral neck, determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Secondary endpoints were 2-year changes in bone turnover biomarkers (adrenocorticotropic hormone, Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, sclerostin, parathyroid hormone, and fibroblast growth factor-23), which were quantified in 211 randomly selected participants. RESULTS The walnut diet versus the control diet had no effect on 2-year changes in BMD at the spine (0.15% vs. 0.35%, p = 0.632) and femoral neck (-0.90% vs. -0.70%, p = 0.653), or on bone turnover biomarkers. Results were similar in participants treated or not with bone resorption inhibitors or those with or without osteoporosis/osteopenia at inclusion. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the usual diet, a diet enriched with walnuts at 15% of energy for 2 years failed to improve BMD or circulating markers of bone metabolism in healthy older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Oliver-Pons
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Serra-Mir
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Roth
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Domènech
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
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Damani JJ, Oh ES, De Souza MJ, Strock NC, Williams NI, Nakatsu CH, Lee H, Weaver C, Rogers CJ. Prune Consumption Attenuates Proinflammatory Cytokine Secretion and Alters Monocyte Activation in Postmenopausal Women: Secondary Outcome Analysis of a 12-Mo Randomized Controlled Trial: The Prune Study. J Nutr 2024; 154:1699-1710. [PMID: 37984741 PMCID: PMC11347809 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proinflammatory cytokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of postmenopausal bone loss. Clinical studies demonstrate that prunes prevent bone mineral density loss; however, the mechanism underlying this effect is unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of prune supplementation on immune, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers. METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted in the Prune Study, a single-center, parallel-arm, 12-mo randomized controlled trial of postmenopausal women (55-75 y old; n = 235 recruited; n = 183 completed) who were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: "no-prune" control, 50 g prune/d and 100 g prune/d groups. At baseline and after 12 mo of intervention, blood samples were collected to measure serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), plasma 8-isoprostane, proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] concentrations in plasma and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) culture supernatants, and the percentage and activation of circulating monocytes, as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Prune supplementation did not alter hs-CRP, TAC, 8-isoprostane, and plasma cytokine concentrations. However, percent change from baseline in circulating activated monocytes was lower in the 100 g prune/d group compared with the control group (mean ± SD, -1.8% ± 4.0% in 100 g prune/d compared with 0.1% ± 2.9% in control; P < 0.01). Furthermore, in LPS-stimulated PBMC supernatants, the percent change from baseline in TNF-α secretion was lower in the 50 g prune/d group compared with the control group (-4.4% ± 43.0% in 50 g prune/d compared with 24.3% ± 70.7% in control; P < 0.01), and the percent change from baseline in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 secretion was lower in the 100 g prune/d group compared with the control group (-8.9% ± 61.6%, -4.3% ± 75.3%, -14.3% ± 60.8% in 100 g prune/d compared with 46.9% ± 107.4%, 16.9% ± 70.6%, 39.8% ± 90.8% in control for IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, respectively; all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation with 50-100 g prunes for 12 mo reduced proinflammatory cytokine secretion from PBMCs and suppressed the circulating levels of activated monocytes in postmenopausal women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02822378.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janhavi J Damani
- The Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Integrative and Biomedical Physiology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Ester S Oh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mary Jane De Souza
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Nicole Ca Strock
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Nancy I Williams
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Cindy H Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Hang Lee
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Connie Weaver
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
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Rosell M, Fadnes LT. Vegetables, fruits, and berries - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10455. [PMID: 38327994 PMCID: PMC10845895 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Vegetables, fruits, and berries comprise a large variety of foods and are recognised to play an important role in preventing chronic diseases. Many observational studies have been published during the last decade, and the aim of this scoping review is to describe the overall evidence for the role of vegetables, fruits, and berries for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines. A scoping review was conducted according to the protocol developed within the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 project. Current available evidence strengthens the role of consuming vegetables, fruits, and berries in preventing chronic diseases. The most robust evidence is found for cancer in the gastric system and lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Steeper risk reductions are generally seen at the lower intake ranges, but further reductions have been seen for higher intakes for cardiovascular disease. Weaker associations are seen for type 2 diabetes. There is evidence that suggests a beneficial role also for outcomes such as osteoporosis, depression, cognitive disorders, and frailty in the elderly. The observed associations are supported by several mechanisms, indicting causal effects. Some subgroups of vegetables, fruits, and berries may have greater benefits than other subgroups, supporting a recommendation to consume a variety of these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rosell
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Suhett LG, Filgueiras MDS, de Novaes JF, Sukumar D. Role of diet quality in bone health in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 82:47-59. [PMID: 37159528 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Poor diet quality and unhealthy dietary patterns have been linked to poor bone health, yet few studies have investigated the role of diet quality in bone health in pediatric populations. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to assess the available evidence on the association between diet quality and bone health markers in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library databases were searched electronically from October to November 2022, without any restrictions on date or language. The STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist was used to assess the quality of the studies. DATA EXTRACTION Published observational studies in children and adolescents (ages 2 to 19 years) that investigated the association between diet quality and bone health were eligible for inclusion. Two researchers independently analyzed and selected all articles using the Rayyan app. Initially, 965 papers were identified. A total of 12 observational studies qualified, including 8 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies. The sample comprised 7130 individuals aged 3 to 17.9 years, representing both sexes. Bone health was evaluated by measures of bone mineral density and bone mineral content. DATA ANALYSIS Seven studies (58.3%) showed significant associations between diet quality and bone health markers, all of which evaluated diet quality by identifying dietary patterns. Diet quality as evaluated by all dietary indexes was not associated with bone health markers. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to a healthy diet may benefit bone health in children and adolescents. These findings emphasize the importance of developing effective public health policies that encourage healthy eating habits from childhood to preserve bone health. Longitudinal research using a specific tool to assess diet quality in relation to bone health is warranted. Future studies should also measure bone-regulating hormones and markers of bone turnover. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022368610.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gomes Suhett
- are with the Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Juliana Farias de Novaes
- are with the Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deeptha Sukumar
- are with the Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zeraattalab‐Motlagh S, Ghoreishy SM, Arab A, Mahmoodi S, Hemmati A, Mohammadi H. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Risk of Bone Fracture: A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE)-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10840. [PMID: 38130771 PMCID: PMC10731112 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers have examined the link between consuming fruit and vegetables and the incidence of fractures for many years. Nevertheless, their findings have been unclear. Furthermore, the dose-dependent relationship has not been examined, and the level of certainty in the evidence was not evaluated. We carried out a dose-dependent meta-analysis examining the relation between fruit and vegetables intake and fracture incidence. PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus were searched until April 2023 for cohort studies evaluating the relation between fruit and vegetables and fracture incidence. Summary relative risks (RRs) were computed from complied data by applying random effects analysis. To examine the level of evidence, we utilized the approach called the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE). Ten cohort studies comprising 511,716 individuals were entered. There was a nonsignificant relation between fruit and vegetables, as well as only fruit intake and any fracture risk. In contrast, high versus low analysis presented that vegetables consumption was linked to a 16% decrease in any type of fracture incidence (RR 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 0.95; I 2 = 83.1%; n = 6). Also, per one serving/day (200 g/day) increments in vegetables consumption, there was a 14% decline in the fracture risk (RR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; I 2 = 84.7%; n = 5; GRADE = moderate). With moderate certainty, a greater consumption of only vegetables, but not total fruit and vegetables or only fruit, might reduce the risk of fracture. These associations were also evident in dose-response analysis. Large intervention trials are demanded to approve our findings. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Zeraattalab‐Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Student Research Committee, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Arman Arab
- Division of Sleep MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian DisordersDepartments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sara Mahmoodi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amirhossein Hemmati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Morel RK, Daub KF, Gotshalk LA, Earle NF, Wong YK. An Exploratory Study of Bone Health Among Native Hawaiian Women in Rural Hawai'i. J Transcult Nurs 2023; 34:403-410. [PMID: 37599452 DOI: 10.1177/10436596231191249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to obtain baseline data on bone mass density for Native Hawaiian women and to better understand the socio-cultural context for assessing bone health and risk of osteoporosis for this underserved population. METHOD A sequential mixed-method design guided by Leininger's Culture Care Theory of Diversity and Universality consisted of two phases: (a) an initial exploratory focus group and (b) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans and individual interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. RESULTS Phase a (n = 12) suggested that Native Hawaiian women have limited knowledge of bone health, but recognize traditional and cultural ways of health. Phase b (n = 50) showed that Native Hawaiian women have healthy bones, according to the T-score results. The interviews suggested that perspectives of bone health are culturally anchored. DISCUSSION Understanding cultural values and practices are vital for care. Preliminary recommendations for health professionals are included.
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Foods, nutrients and hip fracture risk: A prospective study of middle-aged women. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2825-2832. [PMID: 36402009 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hip fracture affects 1.6 million people globally each year, and increases morbidity and mortality. There is potential for risk reduction through diet modification, but prospective evidence for associations between intake of several foods and nutrients and hip fracture risk is limited. This study aimed to investigate associations between food and nutrient intakes and hip fracture risk in the UK Women's Cohort Study, and to determine the role of body mass index (BMI) as a potential effect modifier. METHODS Dietary, lifestyle, anthropometric, and socio-economic information of UK women, ages 35-69 years, were collected in a survey at recruitment (1995-1998), and included a validated 217-item food frequency questionnaire. Hip fracture cases were identified by linking participant data at recruitment with their Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) up to March 2019. Cox regression models were used to estimate associations between standard portions of food and nutrient intakes and hip fracture risk over a median follow-up time of 22.3 years. RESULTS Among 26,318 women linked to HES data (556,331 person-years), 822 hip fracture cases were identified. After adjustment for confounders, every additional cup of tea or coffee per day was associated with a 4% lower risk of hip fracture (HR (95% CI): 0.96 (0.92, 1.00)). A 25 g/day increment of dietary protein intake was also associated with a 14% lower risk of hip fracture (0.86 (0.73, 1.00)). In subgroup analyses, BMI modified linear associations between dietary intakes of protein, calcium, total dairy, milk, and tea and hip fracture risk (pinteraction = 0.02, 0.002, 0.003, 0.001, and 0.003, respectively); these foods and nutrients were associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture in underweight but not healthy or overweight participants. In particular, risk of hip fracture in underweight participants (28 cases, 545 participants) was 45% lower for every 25 g/day protein consumed (0.55 (0.38, 0.78)). CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective cohort study internationally of multiple food and nutrient intakes in relation to hip fracture risk by BMI using linkage to hospital records. Results suggest that the potential roles of some foods and nutrients in hip fracture prevention, particularly protein, tea and coffee in underweight women, merit confirmation. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05081466.
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Li MC. Better Adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Osteoporosis: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:2023-2030. [PMID: 36348758 PMCID: PMC9637361 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s387506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We conducted a study to examine whether adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide was associated with bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) 2013-2016. A total of seven BMD sites were evaluated, including the head, arms, legs, trunk, ribs, pelvis, and spine BMD. Besides, we further examined the association between the Daily Food Guide adherence score and osteoporosis (T-score of ≤ -2.5 standard deviation (SD) of a measured total BMD). A validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for dietary assessment. RESULTS We included a total of 555 participants with osteoporosis and 1977 without osteoporosis in the final analysis. We found negative associations between levels of adherence to the Daily Food Guide and the risk of osteoporosis. The odds ratio (OR) for participants in the highest quartile of the adherence level was 0.61 (95% CI = 0.42-0.88), compared with those in the lowest quartile. When participants had total servings of six food groups higher than the recommendation, the protective effect still existed (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.42-0.84). CONCLUSION Better adherence to the Taiwan Daily Food Guide is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chieh Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Correspondence: Ming-Chieh Li, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Section 1, Heping E. Rd, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Tel +886277491698, Email
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Estimating the burden of disease attributable to a diet low in fruit and vegetables in South Africa for 2000, 2006 and 2012. S Afr Med J 2022; 112:617-626. [DOI: 10.7196/samj.2022.v112i8b.16486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Low intake of fruit and vegetables is associated with an increased risk of various non-communicable diseases, including major causes of death and disability such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and cancers. Diets low in fruit and vegetables are prevalent in the South African (SA) population, and average intake is well below the internationally recommended threshold.
Objectives. To estimate the burden of disease attributable to a diet low in fruit and vegetables by sex and age group in SA for the years 2000, 2006 and 2012.
Methods. We followed World Health Organization and Global Burden of Disease Study comparative risk assessment methodology. Population attributable fractions – calculated from fruit and vegetable intake estimated from national and local surveys and relative risks for health outcomes based on the current literature – were applied to the burden estimates from the second South African National Burden of Disease Study (SANBD2). Outcome measures included deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and five categories of cancers.
Results. Between 2000 and 2012, the average intake of fruit of the SA adult population (≥25 years) declined by 7%, from 48.5 g/d (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 46.6 - 50.5) to 45.2 g/d (95% UI 42.7 - 47.6). Vegetable intake declined by 25%, from 146.9 g/d (95% UI 142.3 - 151.8) to 110.5 g/d (95% UI 105.9 - 115.0). In 2012, these consumption patterns are estimated to have caused 26 423 deaths (95% UI 24 368 - 28 006), amounting to 5.0% (95% UI 4.6 - 5.3%) of all deaths in SA, and the loss of 514 823 (95% UI 473 508 - 544 803) healthy life years or 2.5% (95% UI 2.3 - 2.6%) of all DALYs. Cardiovascular disease comprised the largest proportion of the attributable burden, with 83% of deaths and 84% of DALYs. Age-standardised death rates were higher for males (145.1 deaths per 100 000; 95% UI 127.9 - 156.2) than for females (108.0 deaths per 100 000; 95% UI 96.2 - 118.1); in both sexes, rates were lower than those observed in 2000 (–9% and –12%, respectively).
Conclusion. Despite the overall reduction in standardised death rates observed since 2000, the absolute burden of disease attributable to inadequate intake of fruit and vegetables in SA remains of significant concern. Effective interventions supported by legislation and policy are needed to reverse the declining trends in consumption observed in most age categories and to curb the associated burden.
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Liao X, Chen S, Su M, Zhang X, Wei Y, Liang S, Wei Q, Zhang Z. The Relationship between Dietary Pattern and Bone Mass in School-Age Children. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183752. [PMID: 36145128 PMCID: PMC9500998 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early bone accrual significantly influences adult bone health and osteoporosis incidence. We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in school-age children in China. Children aged six-nine years (n = 465) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. DPs were identified by principal component factor analysis. Total body (TB) and total body less head (TBLH) BMC and BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Five DPs were identified. After adjustment for covariates, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the "fruit-milk-eggs" dietary pattern was positively associated with TB (β = 10.480; 95% CI: 2.190, 18.770) and TBLH (β = 5.577; 95% CI: 0.214, 10.941) BMC, the "animal organs-refined cereals" pattern was associated with low TB BMC (β = -10.305; 95% CI: -18.433, -2.176), TBLH BMC (β = -6.346; 95% CI: -11.596, -1.096), TB BMD (β = -0.006; 95% CI: -0.011, -0.001) and TBLH BMD (β = -0.004; 95% CI: -0.007, -0.001). In conclusion, our study recommends home or school meals should be rich in fruit, milk, eggs with a moderate amount of vegetables, coarse grains and meat to promote bone development for school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liao
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengyang Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuanrui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuanhuan Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shujun Liang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qinzhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zheqing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (Z.Z.)
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11
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Berhe K, Gebrearegay F, Gebreegziabher H, Weldegerima L, Kahsay A, Hadush H, Gebremariam B, Fseha B, Gebremariam G, Etsay N, Hailu M. Magnitude and associated factors of anemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:189. [PMID: 35953868 PMCID: PMC9373363 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Ethiopia, there are primary studies on adolescent anemia with imprecise and inconclusive findings. Besides, there was no meta-analysis pooled the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia. Estimating the pooled magnitude and associated factors of anemia among adolescent girls is helpful for evidence-based interventions in Ethiopia. Methods The authors used a preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). We included articles and survey reports published until May 2021 using searching engines of Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. To assess the quality of studies, we used Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale for non-randomized. Two authors independently assessed the quality of the studies. We computed the pool magnitude and odds ratio of the associated factors with their 95%CI using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Publication bias assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. Result In this review, we included a total of 15 studies with 9,669 adolescent girls. Using the random-effects model, the pooled magnitude of anemia among the Ethiopian adolescent girls was 19.1% (95%CI: 16.1%, 24.6%). The associated factors were attained menarche (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.96), ≥ 5 days of blood flow during menses (AOR = 6.21), food insecurity (AOR = 1.48), inadequate diet diversity score (AOR = 2.81), presence of intestinal parasite (AOR = 3.51), low body mass index (AOR = 2.49), and rural residence (AOR = 1.79). Conclusion The pooled magnitude of anemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia was 19.1% depicting a mild public health problem; while attained menarche, ≥ 5 days’ blood flow during menses, food insecurity, inadequate diet diversity score, intestinal parasites, low body mass index, and rural residence were the associated factors. Hence, addressing health and nutrition wellness of adolescent girls should be center of concern in health, nutrition, agriculture, research, strategies and policies in Ethiopia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-022-00942-y.
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12
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Webster J, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. Risk of hip fracture in meat-eaters, pescatarians, and vegetarians: results from the UK Women's Cohort Study. BMC Med 2022; 20:275. [PMID: 35948956 PMCID: PMC9367078 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of hip fracture in women on plant-based diets is unclear. We aimed to investigate the risk of hip fracture in occasional meat-eaters, pescatarians, and vegetarians compared to regular meat-eaters in the UK Women's Cohort Study and to determine if potential associations between each diet group and hip fracture risk are modified by body mass index (BMI). METHODS UK women, ages 35-69 years, were classified as regular meat-eaters (≥ 5 servings/week), occasional meat-eaters (< 5 servings/week), pescatarian (ate fish but not meat), or vegetarian (ate neither meat nor fish) based on a validated 217-item food frequency questionnaire completed in 1995-1998. Incident hip fractures were identified via linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics up to March 2019. Cox regression models were used to estimate the associations between each diet group and hip fracture risk over a median follow-up time of 22.3 years. RESULTS Amongst 26,318 women, 822 hip fracture cases were observed (556,331 person-years). After adjustment for confounders, vegetarians (HR (95% CI) 1.33 (1.03, 1.71)) but not occasional meat-eaters (1.00 (0.85, 1.18)) or pescatarians (0.97 (0.75, 1.26)) had a greater risk of hip fracture than regular meat-eaters. There was no clear evidence of effect modification by BMI in any diet group (p-interaction = 0.3). CONCLUSIONS Vegetarian women were at a higher risk of hip fracture compared to regular meat-eaters. Further research is needed to confirm this in men and non-European populations and to identify factors responsible for the observed risk difference. Further research exploring the role of BMI and nutrients abundant in animal-sourced foods is recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT05081466.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Webster
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | | | - Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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13
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Górczewska B, Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz E. Sociodemographic factors affecting the disease acceptance in the group of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2022; 35:273-283. [PMID: 34897291 PMCID: PMC10464813 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assessment of the disease acceptance level in women with osteoporosis depending on selected sociodemographic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included a group of 198 women, aged M±SD 72.3±8.59 years, diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis and treated in 2 Osteoporosis Treatment Centres in Łódź. A questionnaire survey and Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) were applied in the study. Based on the questionnaire, the authors collected sociodemographic data (including age, marital status, place of residence, financial status) which the authors subsequently analyzed using a statistical program. RESULTS The respondents living in the countryside, with primary education and a very difficult financial situation manifested a low disease acceptance level. The authors have shown that postmenopausal osteoporosis acceptance level significantly depends on the age (p = 0.0024), place of residence (p = 0.0044), education (p < 0.001) and affluence (p = 0.0049), however, it is not related to duration of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal osteoporosis acceptance level depended on age, place of residence, education and affluence level, however, it was not related to the disease duration. Psychological aspects, including assessment according to the disease acceptance scale, constitute a factor influencing mental health, therefore they should be included in evaluation of therapy effectiveness in patients chronically treated for osteoporosis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(3):273-83.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Górczewska
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Pathology and Bone Metabolism Diseases, Łódź, Poland
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14
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Dai Z, Hirani V, Sahni S, Felson DT, Naganathan V, Blyth F, Couteur DL, Handelsman D, Seibel MJ, Waite L, Kiel DP, Cumming R. Association of dietary fiber and risk of hip fracture in men from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study and the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutr Health 2022; 28:229-238. [PMID: 33940973 PMCID: PMC10622166 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211011798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data in the Offspring Framingham Osteoporosis Study (FOS) suggested that higher intake of dietary fiber was modestly protective against loss of bone mineral density at the femoral neck in men but not in women. AIM To examine the relationship of fiber intake with risk of hip fractures in men. METHODS We included 367 men from the FOS Original cohort, 1730 men from the FOS Offspring cohort, and 782 men from the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP) in the analysis. Incident fractures were defined as medically confirmed first occurrence of osteoporotic fractures at the proximal femur. Fiber intake was estimated via a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) or diet history. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk in meta-analysis. RESULTS Seventy-two incident hip fractures were identified, of which 24 occurred in the FOS Original cohort [mean (SD): age 75.3 (5.1) years; follow-up time: 8.5 (6.2) years; dietary fiber: 19 (8) (g/d)], 19 in the FOS Offspring cohort [58.8 (9.8) years; 11.0 (5.9) years; 19 (8) (g/d)], and 29 in CHAMP [81.4 (4.5) years; 5.2 (1.5) years; 28 (10) (g/d)]. We did not find significant associations within each cohort between fiber intake and risk of hip fractures. The pooled HR (95% CI) was 0.80 (0.39, 1.66) comparing energy-adjusted dietary fiber at tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 (I2 = 0, p = 0.56). CONCLUSION These data suggested that dietary fiber was not associated with risk of incident hip fractures in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Dai
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, D17, The Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, USA
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vasant Hirani
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shivani Sahni
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T. Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, USA
- Central Manchester Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester UK
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Blyth
- Aging and Alzheimer’s Institute, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Le Couteur
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Handelsman
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer’s Institute, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Markus J Seibel
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Waite
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Cumming
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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15
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Gholami F, Naghshi S, Samadi M, Rasaei N, Mirzaei K. Dietary Acid Load and Bone Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:869132. [PMID: 35600825 PMCID: PMC9120865 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.869132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Findings on the association between dietary acid load (DAL) and bone health are conflicting. This study aimed to summarize available studies on the association between DAL and risk of fractures or bone mineral density (BMD) in adults. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for relevant studies published up to June 2021, using pertinent keywords. We identified observational studies (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) investigating the association between DAL and risk of fractures or BMD, then selected studies following these reported criteria: RRs with corresponding 95% CIs for the relationship between DAL and fracture risk; correlation coefficients for the association between DAL and BMD; and mean ± SD of BMD values across the categories of DAL. Overall, 17 studies with 80545 individuals were included. There was no significant relationship between the PRAL and fracture risk (Pooled RR: 1.18; 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.41, I2 = 60.6%). Moreover, a similar association was observed between the NEAP and fracture risk (Pooled RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.79 to 2.52, I2 = 54.1%). The results of five studies from four publications revealed no significant association between dietary PRAL score and femoral and spinal BMD (WMD femoral = −0.01, 95% confidence interval: −0.02 to 0.01, I2 = 76.5%; WMD spinal = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.01, I2 = 56.7%). However, being in the highest category of NEAP was significantly associated with a lower femoral and spinal BMD (WMD femoral = −0.01, 95% CI: −0.02 to −0.00, I2 = 82.1%; WMD spinal = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.03 to −0.01, I2 = 93%). It was showed that adopting diets high in acidity was not associated with risk of fractures. We also found a significant negative relationship between NEAP and BMD. However, DAL based on PRAL was not associated with BMD.
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Craig WJ, Mangels AR, Fresán U, Marsh K, Miles FL, Saunders AV, Haddad EH, Heskey CE, Johnston P, Larson-Meyer E, Orlich M. The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals. Nutrients 2021; 13:4144. [PMID: 34836399 PMCID: PMC8623061 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based diets and have a reduced environmental impact, including producing lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines are normally formulated to enhance the health of society, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed the scientific data on plant-based diets to summarize their preventative and therapeutic role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Consuming plant-based diets is safe and effective for all stages of the life cycle, from pregnancy and lactation, to childhood, to old age. Plant-based diets, which are high in fiber and polyphenolics, are also associated with a diverse gut microbiota, producing metabolites that have anti-inflammatory functions that may help manage disease processes. Concerns about the adequate intake of a number of nutrients, including vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fats, are discussed. The use of fortified foods and/or supplements as well as appropriate food choices are outlined for each nutrient. Finally, guidelines are suggested for health professionals working with clients consuming plant-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston J. Craig
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | | | - Ujué Fresán
- eHealth Group, Instituto de Salud Global Barcelona (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Kate Marsh
- Private Practice, Chatswood, NSW 2067, Australia;
| | - Fayth L. Miles
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA;
| | - Angela V. Saunders
- Nutrition Insights, Sanitarium Health Food Company, Berkeley Vale, NSW 2261, Australia;
| | - Ella H. Haddad
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Celine E. Heskey
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Patricia Johnston
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Enette Larson-Meyer
- Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Michael Orlich
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA;
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Pal S, Singh M, Porwal K, Rajak S, Das N, Rajput S, Trivedi AK, Maurya R, Sinha RA, Siddiqi MI, Sanyal S, Chattopadhyay N. Adiponectin receptors by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration promote osteoblast differentiation: Discovery of isovitexin as a new class of small molecule adiponectin receptor modulator with potential osteoanabolic function. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 913:174634. [PMID: 34785210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we established adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) as osteoanabolic target. To discover small molecule agonists of AdipoRs, we studied apigenin and apigenin-6C-glucopyranose (isovitexin) that induced osteoblast differentiation. In-silico, in vitro and omics-based studies were performed. Molecular docking using the crystal structures of AdipoRs showed different interaction profiles of isovitexin and apigenin. In osteoblasts, isovitexin but not apigenin rapidly phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) which is downstream of AdipoRs and a master regulator of cellular energy metabolism, and upregulated expression of AdipoRs. Blocking AMPK abolished the osteogenic effect of isovitexin and its effect on AdipoR expression. Isovitexin upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), the mitochondrial biogenesis factor in osteoblasts, and the effect was blocked by AMPK inhibition. Upregulation of PGC-1α by isovitexin was accompanied by increased mitochondrial membrane proteins and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Isovitexin via AdipoRs and PGC-1α induced oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and ATP synthesis that resulted in osteoblast differentiation. Isovitexin had no agonistic/antagonistic activity and stimulatory/inhibitory effect in screening platforms for G protein-coupled receptors and kinases, respectively. In vivo, isovitexin upregulated AdipoRs and osteogenic genes, and increased mtDNA in rat calvarium. We conclude that isovitexin selectively via AdipoRs induced osteoblast differentiation that was fuelled by mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Maninder Singh
- Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Nabanita Das
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Swati Rajput
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Arun K Trivedi
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Mohammad I Siddiqi
- Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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Webster J, Rycroft CE, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. Dietary risk factors for hip fracture in adults: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259144. [PMID: 34758048 PMCID: PMC8580223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To summarise the totality of evidence regarding dietary risk factors for hip fracture in adults, evaluating the quality of evidence, to provide recommendations for practice and further research. DESIGN Systematic review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Systematic reviews with meta-analyses reporting summary risk estimates for associations between hip fracture incidence and dietary exposures including oral intake of a food, food group, beverage, or nutrient, or adherence to dietary patterns. INFORMATION SOURCES Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception until November 2020. DATA SYNTHESIS The methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR-2, and the quality of evidence for each association was assessed using GRADE. Results were synthesised descriptively. RESULTS Sixteen systematic reviews were identified, covering thirty-four exposures, including dietary patterns (n = 2 meta-analyses), foods, food groups, or beverages (n = 16), macronutrients (n = 3), and micronutrients (n = 13). Identified meta-analyses included 6,282 to 3,730,424 participants with between 322 and 26,168 hip fractures. The methodological quality (AMSTAR-2) of all systematic reviews was low or critically low. The quality of evidence (GRADE) was low for an inverse association between hip fracture incidence and intake of fruits and vegetables combined (adjusted summary relative risk for higher vs lower intakes: 0.92 [95% confidence interval: 0.87 to 0.98]), and very low for the remaining thirty-three exposures. CONCLUSION Dietary factors may play a role in the primary prevention of hip fracture, but the methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was below international standards, and there was a lack of high-quality evidence. More long-term cohort studies reporting absolute risks and robust, well-conducted meta-analyses with dose-response information are needed before policy guidelines can be formed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020226190.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Webster
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine E. Rycroft
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Janet E. Cade
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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19
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Je M, Kim H, Kim Y. A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Determine Factors of Bone Mineral Density in Korean Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11658. [PMID: 34770170 PMCID: PMC8583138 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND no studies have assessed the associations of nutrient intake, physical activity, age, and body mass index (BMI) with bone mineral density (BMD) using structural equation modelling (SEM) in Korean women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of nutrient intakes, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) on BMD in Korean premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with the SEM approach, based on the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 2008-2011. METHODS SEM analysis was performed with 4160 women (2863 premenopausal women and 1297 postmenopausal women) aged 30-75 years in order to investigate total, direct, or mediating effects of nutrient intake, physical activity, age, and BMI on BMD. Model sensitivity to external misspecification and statistical significance of SEM was determined by phantom variables and bootstrapping. Reliability assessment of the SEM was done by Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS a direct effect of minerals (potassium, calcium, and phosphorus) on BMD (total femur, femoral neck, lumbar spine, and whole body) was observed in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (p = 0.045 and p = 0.048, respectively). Age and BMI showed a total effect on BMD in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS our study suggests that mineral intake (potassium, calcium, and phosphorus), age, and BMI are major contributors to BMD in Korean premenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 30-75 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.J.); (H.K.)
| | - Yoona Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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20
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Cao JJ, Roemmich JN, Sheng X, Jahns L. Increasing Vegetable Intake Decreases Urinary Acidity and Bone Resorption Marker in Overweight and Obese Adults: An 8-Week Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2021; 151:3413-3420. [PMID: 34386816 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlled intervention trials are needed to confirm a positive association from epidemiological studies between vegetable consumption and bone health. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether providing vegetables at the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommended amount affects excretion of acid and calcium in urine and bone turnover markers in serum in adults with low vegetable intake. METHODS In total, 102 adults (19 males and 83 females, age 18-65 y, BMI ≥25 kg/m2) consuming ≤1 serving of vegetables (128 g raw leafy or 64 g cooked vegetables) per d were recruited in a 2-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled, and community-based 8-wk feeding intervention trial. The 2 arms included a vegetable intervention (VI) during which participants received extra vegetables (∼270 g/d) and an attention control (CON) group that conducted only the testing visits. Measurements included nutrient intake, plasma carotenoids, and bone-related markers in serum and urine. Differences between CON and VI at week 8 were tested using the ANCOVA with baseline values as a covariate. RESULTS Compared with CON, carotenoid intake (mean ± SD) was higher (6.4 ± 3.4 compared with 2.0 ± 1.2 mg/d) (P < 0.01) and dietary potential renal acid load was lower (20 ± 13 compared with 3.4 ± 14 mEq/d) (P < 0.01) in VI. Compared with CON at week 8, urine titratable acid and Mg were 24 and 26% lower, respectively, while urine pH was 3% greater (P < 0.05) and serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) was 19% lower in VI. There were no group differences in serum concentrations of propeptide of type 1 procollagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase or urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline and CTX. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of vegetables at the DGA-recommended amount by adults with low vegetable intake potentially benefits bone health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02585102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Cao
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - James N Roemmich
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Xiaoming Sheng
- Applied Statistics, University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lisa Jahns
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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21
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Rodríguez V, Rivoira M, Picotto G, de Barboza GD, Collin A, de Talamoni NT. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms by flavonoids with potential use for osteoporosis prevention or therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2913-2936. [PMID: 34547992 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921143644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder worldwide. Flavonoids have the potential to alleviate bone alterations in osteoporotic patients with the advantage of being safer and less expensive than the conventional therapies. OBJECTIVE The main objective is to analyze the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone by different subclasses of flavonoids. In addition, this review provides an up-to-date overview on the cellular and molecular aspects of osteoporotic bones versus healthy bones, and a brief description of some epidemiological studies indicating that flavonoids could be useful for osteoporosis treatment. METHODS The PubMed database was searched in the range of years 2001- 2021 using the keywords osteoporosis, flavonoids, and their subclasses such as flavones, flavonols, flavanols, isoflavones, flavanones and anthocyanins, focusing the data on the molecular mechanisms triggered in bone. RESULTS Although flavonoids comprise many compounds that differ in structure, their effects on bone loss in postmenopausal women or in ovariectomized-induced osteoporotic animals are quite similar. Most of them increase bone mineral density and bone strength, which occur through enhancement of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast apoptosis, decrease in osteoclastogenesis as well as increase in neovascularization on the site of the osteoporotic fracture. CONCLUSION Several molecules of signaling pathways are involved in the effect of flavonoids on osteoporotic bone. Whether all flavonoids have a common mechanism or they act as ligands of estrogen receptors remain to be established. More clinical trials are necessary to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery and bioavailability in humans, as well as comparative studies with conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rodríguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - María Rivoira
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Picotto
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Gabriela Díaz de Barboza
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Alejandro Collin
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba. Argentina
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22
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Rizzoli R, Biver E, Brennan-Speranza TC. Nutritional intake and bone health. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:606-621. [PMID: 34242583 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporotic or fragility fractures affect one in two women and one in five men who are older than 50. These events are associated with substantial morbidity, increased mortality, and an impaired quality of life. Recommended general measures for fragility fracture prevention include a balanced diet with an optimal protein and calcium intake and vitamin D sufficiency, together with regular weight-bearing physical exercise. In this narrative Review, we discuss the role of nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns in maintaining bone health. Much of this information comes from observational studies. Bone mineral density, microstructure-estimated bone strength, and trabecular and cortical microstructure are positively associated with total protein intake. Several studies indicate that fracture risk might be lower with a higher dietary protein intake, provided that the calcium supply is sufficient. Dairy products are a valuable source of these two nutrients. Hip fracture risk appears to be lower in consumers of dairy products, particularly fermented dairy products. Consuming less than five servings per day of fruit and vegetables is associated with a higher hip fracture risk. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet or to a prudent diet is associated with a lower fracture risk. These various nutrients and dietary patterns influence gut microbiota composition or function, or both. The conclusions of this Review emphasise the importance of a balanced diet including minerals, protein, and fruit and vegetables for bone health and in the prevention of fragility fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rizzoli
- Service of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuel Biver
- Service of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tara C Brennan-Speranza
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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23
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Logozzi M, Di Raimo R, Mizzoni D, Fais S. Nanovesicles from Organic Agriculture-Derived Fruits and Vegetables: Characterization and Functional Antioxidant Content. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158170. [PMID: 34360936 PMCID: PMC8347793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to a risk reduction in a series of leading human diseases, probably due to the plants' antioxidant content. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have been recently receiving great attention regarding their natural ability to deliver several active biomolecules and antioxidants. To investigate the presence of active antioxidants in fruits, we preliminarily analyzed the differences between nanovesicles from either organic or conventional agriculture-derived fruits, at equal volumes, showing a higher yield of nanovesicles with a smaller size from organic agriculture-derived fruits as compared to conventional ones. PDNVs from organic agriculture also showed a higher antioxidant level compared to nanovesicles from conventional agriculture. Using the PDNVs from fruit mixes, we found comparable levels of Total Antioxidant Capacity, Ascorbic Acid, Catalase, Glutathione and Superoxide Dismutase 1. Finally, we exposed the nanovesicle mixes to either chemical or physical lytic treatments, with no evidence of effects on the number, size and antioxidant capacity of the treated nanovesicles, thus showing a marked resistance of PDNVs to external stimuli and a high capability to preserve their content. Our study provides for the first time a series of data supporting the use of plant-derived nanovesicles in human beings' daily supplementation, for both prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariantonia Logozzi
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L.); +39-064-9903-195 (S.F.); Fax: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L. & S.F.)
| | | | | | - Stefano Fais
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L.); +39-064-9903-195 (S.F.); Fax: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L. & S.F.)
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24
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Phromnoi K, Suttajit M, Saenjum C, Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul) P. Inhibitory Effect of a Rosmarinic Acid-Enriched Fraction Prepared from Nga-Mon ( Perilla frutescens) Seed Meal on Osteoclastogenesis through the RANK Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020307. [PMID: 33671207 PMCID: PMC7923133 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities relating to the antiosteoporosis effects of various perilla seed meal (PSM) fractions. The remaining waste of perilla seed obtained from cold oil compression was extracted with 70% ethanol and sequentially fractionated according to solvent polarity with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water. The results indicated that the seed-meal ethyl acetate fraction (SMEF) exhibited the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and rosmarinic acid (RA) content. The signaling pathways induced by the receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) that trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) and several transcription factors, leading to the induction of osteoclastogenesis, were also investigated. The SMEF clearly showed attenuated RANKL-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and TRAP activity. A Western blot analysis showed that the SMEF significantly downregulated RANKL-induced NF-κB, AP-1 activation, and the nuclear factor of activated T-cell 1 (NFATc1) expression. SMEF also suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast-specific marker gene-like MMP-9 using zymography. Furthermore, the SMEF showed inhibition of RANKL-induced ROS production in RAW 264.7 cells. The results suggest that the SMEF, which contained high quantities of RA, could be developed as a natural active pharmaceutical ingredient for osteoclastogenic protection and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokkarn Phromnoi
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Chalermpong Saenjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Excellence on Biodiversity-Based Economics and Society (B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (P.L.D.); Tel.: +66-89-950-4227 (C.S.); +66-89-952-8111 (P.L.D.)
| | - Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (P.L.D.); Tel.: +66-89-950-4227 (C.S.); +66-89-952-8111 (P.L.D.)
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25
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Perut F, Roncuzzi L, Avnet S, Massa A, Zini N, Sabbadini S, Giampieri F, Mezzetti B, Baldini N. Strawberry-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Prevent Oxidative Stress in Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010087. [PMID: 33445656 PMCID: PMC7828105 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (EPDENs) have recently been isolated and evaluated as potential bioactive nutraceutical biomolecules. It has been hypothesized that EPDENs may exert their activity on mammalian cells through their specific cargo. In this study, we isolated and purified EPDENs from the strawberry juice of Fragaria x ananassa (cv. Romina), a new cultivar characterized by a high content of anthocyanins, folic acid, flavonols, and vitamin C and an elevated antioxidant capacity. Fragaria-derived EPDENs were purified by a series of centrifugation and filtration steps. EPDENs showed size and morphology similar to mammalian extracellular nanovesicles. The internalization of Fragaria-derived EPDENs by human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) did not negatively affect their viability, and the pretreatment of MSCs with Fragaria-derived EPDENs prevented oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. This is possibly due to the presence of vitamin C inside the nanovesicle membrane. The analysis of EPDEN cargo also revealed the presence of small RNAs and miRNAs. These findings suggest that Fragaria-derived EPDENs may be considered nanoshuttles contained in food, with potential health-promoting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Perut
- BST Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Laura Roncuzzi
- BST Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Sofia Avnet
- BST Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Massa
- BST Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Nicoletta Zini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabbadini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Specialistic and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- BST Biomedical Sciences and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-6366566
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26
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Ng JS, Chin KY. Potential mechanisms linking psychological stress to bone health. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:604-614. [PMID: 33437195 PMCID: PMC7797546 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic psychological stress affects many body systems, including the skeleton, through various mechanisms. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors mediating the relationship between psychological stress and bone health. These factors can be divided into physiological and behavioural changes induced by psychological stress. The physiological factors involve endocrinological changes, such as increased glucocorticoids, prolactin, leptin and parathyroid hormone levels and reduced gonadal hormones. Low-grade inflammation and hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system during psychological stress are also physiological changes detrimental to bone health. The behavioural changes during mental stress, such as altered dietary pattern, cigarette smoking, alcoholism and physical inactivity, also threaten the skeletal system. Psychological stress may be partly responsible for epigenetic regulation of skeletal development. It may also mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and bone health. However, more direct evidence is required to prove these hypotheses. In conclusion, chronic psychological stress should be recognised as a risk factor of osteoporosis and stress-coping methods should be incorporated as part of the comprehensive osteoporosis-preventing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Sheng Ng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
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27
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Davies A, Rangan A, Allman-Farinelli M. Dietary Behaviors That Place Young Adults at Risk for Future Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061800. [PMID: 32560378 PMCID: PMC7353413 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary behaviors during adolescence and emerging adulthood have important consequences for peak bone mass (PBM) attainment. This study aimed to examine dietary factors that are either beneficial or detrimental to bone health and determine the major sources of calcium in the diets of a sample of young adults. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 189 Australians aged 18–30 years. Three-day dietary intakes were collected using consecutive 24 h recall interviews. Daily totals for energy and nutrients and serves for food groups were computed. The proportion contribution of calcium (mg) from different food groups as well as calcium (mg) per portion and per 100 g were calculated. Females and males failed to meet the recommendations for dairy (91%, 82%), fruit (89%, 94%) and vegetables (74%, 86%). Eighty percent were above the recommended daily intake range for sodium. For calcium, 53% of females and 48% of males had intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR). Milk products and dishes made the highest mean calcium contribution per portion (mg) mean standard deviation (SD), 204 mg (212) and accounted for 30% of calcium intake in females and 35% in males. As young adulthood is the final chance for dietary manipulation before PBM is achieved, these dietary risk factors should be addressed.
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