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Chen R, Peng C, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Tang S. Effects of vaginal microbiota on human papillomavirus infection and its related diseases. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106761. [PMID: 38925345 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
With the knowledge of female reproductive tract microbiota gradually increasing, the connection between vaginal microbiota (VMB) and its related diseases is increasingly highlighted. Manifestation of VMB keeps changing with various dominated bacteria, which can affect the immune response of mucosal barrier and the entrance of pathogens. Human papillomavirus (HPV), as an oncogenic virus, is closely related to viral-associated cancer, such as cervical cancer. According to HPV infection status, VMB can transform into different types, and result in accelerating or restraining the progression of diseases, which have exposed the inner link between VMB and HPV. Therefore, probiotics therapy promises to be a new complementary therapy to rebuild a healthy VMB for patients, but there's still a long way to go before its ready for the clinic. This review focuses on composition, immune response, and application of VMB in HPV and its associated diseases and aims to provide the new ideas and directions for the research on VMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranzhong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institute of pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changmin Peng
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhenlei Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institute of pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Shuangyang Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institute of pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Zhao X, Wu F, Chen J, Luo J, Wu C, Chen T. Effectiveness of vaginal probiotics Lactobacillus crispatus chen-01 in women with high-risk HPV infection: a prospective controlled pilot study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:11446-11459. [PMID: 39058300 DOI: 10.18632/aging.206032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Female genital tract infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) has the risk of developing into cervical cancer, and there is still a lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Probiotic intervention is considered as a potential intervention for HR-HPV, while exploration into living probiotic preparations for specific diseases remains limited and insufficient. This prospective controlled pilot study was conducted to observe the effect of intravaginal transplantation of a vaginal isolated natural probiotic strain, Lactobacillus crispatus chen-01, on the clearance of high-risk HPV infection. 100 women with high-risk HPV infection were enrolled and randomly divided into placebo group and probiotic treatment group, which received intravaginal transplantation of L. crispatus chen-01. Cervical exfoliated cells were collected 6 months later for detecting DNA load, typing of HPV, and cytological analysis. Our results showed that vaginal transplantation with L. crispatus chen-01 significantly reduced viral load of HPV, ameliorated HPV clearance rate, and improved vaginal inflammation state without causing obvious adverse reactions. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that L. crispatus chen-01 could effectively reconstitute the vaginal microbiota in women with high-risk HPV, which might be one of the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effect of L. crispatus chen-01 transplantation. Our results suggested that vaginal transplantation of L. crispatus chen-01 might be a promising treatment for patients with high-risk HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiumiao Zhao
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanzhen Luo
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunling Wu
- Department of Gynaecology, Jingdezhen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi 333000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and The Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
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Molina MA, Leenders WPJ, Huynen MA, Melchers WJG, Andralojc KM. Temporal composition of the cervicovaginal microbiome associates with hrHPV infection outcomes in a longitudinal study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:552. [PMID: 38831406 PMCID: PMC11145797 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent infections with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) can cause cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) that may progress to cancer. The cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) correlates with SIL, but the temporal composition of the CVM after hrHPV infections has not been fully clarified. METHODS To determine the association between the CVM composition and infection outcome, we applied high-resolution microbiome profiling using the circular probe-based RNA sequencing technology on a longitudinal cohort of cervical smears obtained from 141 hrHPV DNA-positive women with normal cytology at first visit, of whom 51 were diagnosed by cytology with SIL six months later. RESULTS Here we show that women with a microbial community characterized by low diversity and high Lactobacillus crispatus abundance at both visits exhibit low risk to SIL development, while women with a microbial community characterized by high diversity and Lactobacillus depletion at first visit have a higher risk of developing SIL. At the level of individual species, we observed that a high abundance for Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae at both visits associate with SIL outcomes. These species together with Dialister micraerophilus showed a moderate discriminatory power for hrHPV infection progression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the CVM can potentially be used as a biomarker for cervical disease and SIL development after hrHPV infection diagnosis with implications on cervical cancer prevention strategies and treatment of SIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano A Molina
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn A Huynen
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J G Melchers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
| | - Karolina M Andralojc
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
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Logel M, El-Zein M, Franco EL, Gonzalez E. Species-level characterization of the cervicovaginal microbiota and its role in human papillomavirus-associated cervical carcinogenesis. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29764. [PMID: 38923577 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The cervicovaginal microbiome may contribute to human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis, but studies have been limited by low-resolution analysis methods. Using a high-resolution bioinformatics pipeline, we evaluated the relationship of the cervicovaginal microbiome with HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The cervicovaginal microbiome of 186 women was characterized by sequencing 16S rRNA regions (V3-V4 and V5-V6) and annotated with the high-resolution ANCHOR pipeline. Samples were genotyped for HPV using the Roche-Cobas 4800 assay. We fitted logistic regression models using stepwise forward selection to select species (presence/absence) as correlates of CIN1+ and constructed a linear microbiome-based score using the regression coefficients. An HPV-based score was calculated from a separate logistic regression model to detect CIN1+ . Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed; the area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were compared between scores. Overall, 66.7% of participants were HPV-positive. 77 unique species were identified: 8 using V3-V4, 48 using V5-V6, and 21 shared. Twelve species were retained via stepwise selection. The AUCs for the microbiome-, and HPV-based scores were 0.7656 (95% CI 0.6885-0.8426), and 0.7529 (95% CI 0.6855-0.8204), respectively. Bacterial species may be involved in cervical carcinogenesis as the microbiome- and HPV-based scores performed similarly for CIN1+ detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Logel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mariam El-Zein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Department of Human Genetics, Microbiome Unit, Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics (C3G), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Microbiome Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Mancilla V, Jimenez NR, Bishop NS, Flores M, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. The Vaginal Microbiota, Human Papillomavirus Infection, and Cervical Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review in the Latina Population. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:480-497. [PMID: 38407720 PMCID: PMC11176136 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latina women experience disproportionately higher rates of HPV infection, persistence, and progression to cervical dysplasia and cancer compared to other racial-ethnic groups. This systematic review explores the relationship between the cervicovaginal microbiome and human papillomavirus infection, cervical dysplasia, and cervical cancer in Latinas. METHODS The review abides by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched from January 2000 through November 11, 2022. The review included observational studies reporting on the cervicovaginal microbiota in premenopausal Latina women with human papillomavirus infection, cervical dysplasia, and cervical cancer. RESULTS Twenty-five articles were eligible for final inclusion (N = 131,183). Forty-two unique bacteria were reported in the cervicovaginal microbiome of Latinas. Seven bacteria: Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, Chlamydia trachomatis, Prevotella spp., Prevotella amnii, Fusobacterium spp. and Sneathia spp. were enriched across multiple stages of cervical carcinogenesis in Latinas. Therefore, the total number of reported bacteria includes four bacteria associated with the healthy state, 16 bacteria enriched in human papillomavirus outcomes, 24 unique bacteria associated with abnormal cytology/dysplasia, and five bacteria associated with cervical cancer. Furthermore, three studies reported significantly higher alpha and beta diversity in Latinas with cervical dysplasia and cancer compared to controls. Lactobacillus depletion and an increased abundance of L. iners in Latinas compared to non-Latinas, regardless of human papillomavirus status or lesions, were observed. CONCLUSIONS The identification of 42 unique bacteria and their enrichment in cervical carcinogenesis can guide future cervicovaginal microbiome research to better inform cervical cancer prevention strategies in Latinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Mancilla
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, 425 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-2157, USA
| | - Nicole R Jimenez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, 425 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-2157, USA
| | - Naomi S Bishop
- Associate Librarian, University of Arizona Health Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, 475 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Melissa Flores
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1200 E University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Melissa M Herbst-Kralovetz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, 425 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-2157, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, 425 N. 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-2157, USA.
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Yu X, Li W, Li Z, Wu Q, Sun S. Influence of Microbiota on Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2264-2294. [PMID: 38617537 PMCID: PMC11008264 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiome in immunotherapy has recently garnered substantial attention, with molecular studies and clinical trials providing emerging evidence on the pivotal influence of the microbiota in enhancing therapeutic outcomes via immune response modulation. However, the impact of microbial communities can considerably vary across individuals and different immunotherapeutic approaches, posing prominent challenges in harnessing their potential. In this comprehensive review, we outline the current research applications in tumor immunotherapy and delve into the possible mechanisms through which immune function is influenced by microbial communities in various body sites, encompassing those in the gut, extraintestinal barrier, and intratumoral environment. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of diverse microbiome-based strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and the targeted modulation of specific microbial taxa, and antibiotic treatments on cancer immunotherapy. All these strategies potentially have a profound impact on immunotherapy and pave the way for personalized therapeutic approaches and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Artemed Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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So KA, Hur SY, Cho CH, Lee JK, Seong SJ, Jeong DH, Ki M, Kim TJ. Menopausal status induces vaginal dysbiosis in women with human papillomavirus infection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7092. [PMID: 38528061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the difference in the vaginal microbiota of women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), according to menopausal status. A total of 75 cervicovaginal swab samples from 38 pre- and 37 postmenopausal women with HPV infection were obtained from the Korean HPV cohort. Vaginal microbiota analysis, including microbial diversity and specific bacterial abundances, was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The mean age of the pre- and postmenopausal women were 29.5 and 55.8 years, respectively (p < 0.0001). Lactobacillus spp. were predominant in both groups; however, a marked decrease was observed in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women (44.3% vs. 74.2%). Various anaerobic bacteria also showed a relatively high abundance in the postmenopausal group; Atopobium vagina and Gardnerella vaginalis significantly increased in postmenopausal women. Interestingly, no significant differences in bacterial richness were observed between the two groups. However, significant differences in beta-diversity were observed using the Bray-Curtis (p = 0.001), Generalized UniFrac (p = 0.002), Jensen-Shannon (p = 0.001), and UniFrac algorithms (p = 0.002). Theres results indicate that postmenopausal women with HPV infection exhibited a higher degree of vaginal dysbiosis than premenopausal women. Further, HPV-infected postmenopausal women had increased vaginal microbial diversity, characterized by an increase in anaerobic bacteria and concomitant depletion of Lactobacillus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong A So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Heum Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Seong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Moran Ki
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Wu X, Li D, Huang R, Deng X, Li M, Du F, Zhao Y, Shen J, Chen Y, Zhang P, Hu C, Xiao Z, Wen Q. HPV-associated cervicovaginal microbiome and host metabolome characteristics. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38519882 PMCID: PMC10958955 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervicovaginal microbiome plays an important role in the persistence of HPV infection and subsequent disease development. However, cervicovaginal microbiota varied cross populations with different habits and regions. Identification of population-specific biomarkers from cervicovaginal microbiota and host metabolome axis may support early detection or surveillance of HPV-induced cervical disease at all sites. Therefore, in the present study, to identify HPV-specific biomarkers, cervicovaginal secretion and serum samples from HPV-infected patients (HPV group, n = 25) and normal controls (normal group, n = 17) in Xichang, China were collected for microbiome (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and metabolome (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that key altered metabolites of 9,10-DiHOME, α-linolenic acid, ethylparaben, glycocholic acid, pipecolic acid, and 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10(E),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid, correlating with Sneathia (Sneathia_amnii), Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus_iners), Atopobium, Mycoplasma, and Gardnerella, may be potential biomarkers of HPV infection. CONCLUSION The results of current study would help to reveal the association of changes in cervicovaginal microbiota and serum metabolome with HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangyu Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Pingxiu Zhang
- Yanyuan County Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Congcui Hu
- Yanyuan County People's Hospital, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Ashok G, Basu S, Priyamvada P, Anbarasu A, Chintala S, Ramaiah S. Coinfections in human papillomavirus associated cancers and prophylactic recommendations. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2524. [PMID: 38375992 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is responsible for more than 80% of reported cervical cancer and other virus-associated tumours. Although this global threat can be controlled using effective vaccination strategies, a growing perturbation of HPV infection is an emerging coinfection likely to increase the severity of the infection in humans. Moreover, these coinfections prolong the HPV infections, thereby risking the chances for oncogenic progression. The present review consolidated the clinically significant microbial coinfections/co-presence associated with HPV and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We discussed the gaps and concerns associated with demography, present vaccination strategies, and other prophylactic limitations. We concluded our review by highlighting the potential clinical as well as emerging computational intervention measures to kerb down HPV-associated severities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Ashok
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumya Basu
- Department of Biotechnology, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, NIST University, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | | | - Anand Anbarasu
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Chintala
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sudha Ramaiah
- Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Bio-Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Fong Amaris WM, de Assumpção PP, Valadares LJ, Moreira FC. Microbiota changes: the unseen players in cervical cancer progression. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1352778. [PMID: 38389527 PMCID: PMC10881787 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1352778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally with high-risk human papillomaviruses implicated in nearly 99% of cases. However, hidden players such as changes in the microbiota are now being examined as potential markers in the progression of this disease. Researchers suggest that changes in the vaginal microbiota might correlate with cervical cancer. This review provides a comprehensive look at the microbiota changes linked with the advancement of cervical cancer. It also scrutinizes the databases from past studies on the microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, drawing connections between prior findings concerning the role of the microbiota in the progression of cervical cancer. Preliminary findings identify Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., and Haemophilus spp., as potential biomarkers for cervical cancer progression. Alloscardovia spp., Eubacterium spp., and Mycoplasma spp. were identified as potential biomarkers for HPVs (+), while Methylobacterium spp. may be indicative of HPV (-). However, the study's limitations, including potential biases and methodological constraints, underscore the need for further research to validate these findings and delve deeper into the microbiota's role in HPV development. Despite these limitations, the review provides valuable insights into microbiota trends during cervical cancer progression, offering direction for future research. The review summarizes key findings from previous studies on microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, as well as other conditions such as CIN, SIL, HPV (+), and HPV (-), indicating a promising area for further investigation. The consistent presence of HPV across all reported cervical abnormalities, along with the identification of distinct bacterial genera between cancerous and control samples, suggests a potential link that merits further exploration. In conclusion, a more profound understanding of the microbial landscape could elucidate the pathogenesis of cervical diseases and inform future strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Fong Amaris
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Jacomo Valadares
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Zhang N, Chen Z, Huang M, Lu Q, Yang H, Xiang J, Yang J, Peng Y, Wang G, Han N, Min X, Huang J. Cervicovaginal microbiota long-term dynamics and prediction of different outcomes in persistent human papillomavirus infection. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29451. [PMID: 38305046 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can lead to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer, posing serious threats to the health of women. Although the cervicovaginal microbiota is strongly associated with CIN, the dynamics of the microbiota during CIN development are unknown. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 3-year longitudinal data from 72 patients diagnosed with a persistent HPV infection almost all caused by high-risk HPV types. Patients were categorized into groups with HPV persistent infection (n = 37), progression to CIN (n = 16), and CIN regression (n = 19) based on infection outcome during the follow-up period. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on consecutively collected cervical samples to explore the composition and dynamics of the cervicovaginal microbiota during the development and regression of CIN. Our results showed that the composition of the cervicovaginal microbiota varied among women with different HPV infection outcomes and remained relatively stable during the follow-up period. Notably, the serial follow-up data showed that these microbial alterations were present for at least 1-2 years and occurred before pathologic changes. In addition, microbial markers that were highly discriminatory for CIN progression or regression were identified. This study provides evidence for a temporal relationship between changes in the cervicovaginal microbiota and the development of CIN, and our findings provide support for future microbial intervention strategies for CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningqing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zuyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Meirong Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qin Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jialin Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianru Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanfeng Peng
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guangli Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Niwei Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xun Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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12
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Pagan L, Huisman BW, van der Wurff M, Naafs RGC, Schuren FHJ, Sanders IMJG, Smits WK, Zwittink RD, Burggraaf J, Rissmann R, Piek JMJ, Henderickx JGE, van Poelgeest MIE. The vulvar microbiome in lichen sclerosus and high-grade intraepithelial lesions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264768. [PMID: 38094635 PMCID: PMC10716477 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The role of the vulvar microbiome in the development of (pre)malignant vulvar disease is scarcely investigated. The aim of this exploratory study was to analyze vulvar microbiome composition in lichen sclerosus (LS) and vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) compared to healthy controls. Methods Women with vulvar lichen sclerosus (n = 10), HSIL (n = 5) and healthy controls (n = 10) were included. Swabs were collected from the vulva, vagina and anal region for microbiome characterization by metagenomic shotgun sequencing. Both lesional and non-lesional sites were examined. Biophysical assessments included trans-epidermal water loss for evaluation of the vulvar skin barrier function and vulvar and vaginal pH measurements. Results Healthy vulvar skin resembled vaginal, anal and skin-like microbiome composition, including the genera Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium. Significant differences were observed in diversity between vulvar skin of healthy controls and LS patients. Compared to the healthy vulvar skin, vulvar microbiome composition of both LS and vulvar HSIL patients was characterized by significantly higher proportions of, respectively, Papillomaviridae (p = 0.045) and Alphapapillomavirus (p = 0.002). In contrast, the Prevotella genus (p = 0.031) and Bacteroidales orders (p = 0.038) were significantly less abundant in LS, as was the Actinobacteria class (p = 0.040) in vulvar HSIL. While bacteria and viruses were most abundant, fungal and archaeal taxa were scarcely observed. Trans-epidermal water loss was higher in vulvar HSIL compared to healthy vulvar skin (p = 0.043). Conclusion This study is the first to examine the vulvar microbiome through metagenomic shotgun sequencing in LS and HSIL patients. Diseased vulvar skin presents a distinct signature compared to healthy vulvar skin with respect to bacterial and viral fractions of the microbiome. Key findings include the presence of papillomaviruses in LS as well as in vulvar HSIL, although LS is generally considered an HPV-independent risk factor for vulvar dysplasia. This exploratory study provides clues to the etiology of vulvar premalignancies and may act as a steppingstone for expanding the knowledge on potential drivers of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pagan
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bertine W. Huisman
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Frank H. J. Schuren
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M. J. G. Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Romy D. Zwittink
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jacobus Burggraaf
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jurgen M. J. Piek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Jannie G. E. Henderickx
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center of Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Microbiome Analyses and Therapeutics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte I. E. van Poelgeest
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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13
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Ye J, Qi X. Vaginal microecology and its role in human papillomavirus infection and human papillomavirus associated cervical lesions. APMIS 2023. [PMID: 37941500 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The vaginal microecology comprises the vaginal microbiome, immune microenvironment, vaginal anatomy, and the cervicovaginal fluid, which is rich in metabolites, enzymes, and cytokines. Investigating its role in the female reproductive system holds paramount significance. The advent of next-generation sequencing enabled a more profound investigation into the structure of the vaginal microbial community in relation to the female reproductive system. Human papillomavirus infection is prevalent among women of reproductive age, and persistent oncogenic HPV infection is widely recognized as a factor associated with cervical cancer. Extensive previous research has demonstrated that dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota characterized by a reduction in Lactobacillus species, heightens susceptivity to HPV infection, consequently contributing to persistent HPV infection and the progression of cervical lesion. Likewise, HPV infection can exacerbate dysbiosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of current literatures and to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying the interaction between vaginal microecology and HPV infection, with the intention of offering valuable insights for future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Ye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Akbari E, Milani A, Seyedinkhorasani M, Bolhassani A. HPV co-infections with other pathogens in cancer development: A comprehensive review. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29236. [PMID: 37997472 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) cause various malignancies in the anogenital and oropharyngeal regions. About 70% of cervical and oropharyngeal cancers are caused by HPV types 16 and 18. Notably, some viruses including herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus along with various bacteria often interact with HPV, potentially impacting its replication, persistence, and cancer progression. Thus, HPV infection can be significantly influenced by co-infecting agents that influence infection dynamics and disease progression. Bacterial co-infections (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis) along with bacterial vaginosis-related species also interact with HPV in genital tract leading to viral persistence and disease outcomes. Co-infections involving HPV and diverse infectious agents have significant implications for disease transmission and clinical progression. This review explores multiple facets of HPV infection encompassing the co-infection dynamics with other pathogens, interaction with the human microbiome, and its role in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Akbari
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Gryaznova M, Kozarenko O, Smirnova Y, Burakova I, Syromyatnikov M, Maslov A, Lebedeva O. Cervical and Vaginal Microbiomes in Early Miscarriages and Ongoing Pregnancy with and without Dydrogesterone Usage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13836. [PMID: 37762139 PMCID: PMC10531357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the reproductive tract microbiota is a key modulator of local inflammatory and immune pathways throughout pregnancy and may subsequently impact pregnancy outcomes. In this study, our objective was to analyze the cervical and vaginal microbiomes during early pregnancy among three groups: women with healthy ongoing pregnancies, women undergoing dydrogesterone treatment, and those who experienced miscarriages. The experiment involved 51 women at 8-11 weeks of gestation. The microbiome was examined using 16S rRNA sequencing on the Ion Torrent PGM platform. Across all groups, Lactobacillus iners was predominant, suggesting that the vaginal community type CST III is common among the majority of participants. Notably, our data highlighted the significant roles of Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma girerdii in the pathogenesis of early miscarriage. Conversely, L. iners and Bifidobacterium longum have a protective effect in early pregnancy. Moreover, dydrogesterone intake appeared to influence notable differences between the cervical and vaginal microbiomes. Overall, our study enhanced our understanding of the cervical and vaginal microbiome composition in the eastern European population during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Olesya Kozarenko
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
- Antenatal Care Department, Yakovlevo Central District Hospital, 309070 Stroitel, Russia
| | - Yuliya Smirnova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Inna Burakova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Mikhail Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Alexander Maslov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Olga Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (O.K.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgorod State National University, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
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16
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Aitmanaitė L, Širmonaitis K, Russo G. Microbiomes, Their Function, and Cancer: How Metatranscriptomics Can Close the Knowledge Gap. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13786. [PMID: 37762088 PMCID: PMC10531294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the microbial communities in the human body and the onset and progression of cancer has not been investigated until recently. The vast majority of the metagenomics research in this area has concentrated on the composition of microbiomes, attempting to link the overabundance or depletion of certain microorganisms to cancer proliferation, metastatic behaviour, and its resistance to therapies. However, studies elucidating the functional implications of the microbiome activity in cancer patients are still scarce; in particular, there is an overwhelming lack of studies assessing such implications directly, through analysis of the transcriptome of the bacterial community. This review summarises the contributions of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to the knowledge of the microbial environment associated with several cancers; most importantly, it highlights all the advantages that metatranscriptomics has over metagenomics and suggests how such an approach can be leveraged to advance the knowledge of the cancer bacterial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giancarlo Russo
- EMBL Partnership Institute for Gene Editing, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (L.A.); (K.Š.)
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17
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Mao X, Chen H, Peng X, Zhao X, Yu Z, Xu D. Dysbiosis of vaginal and cervical microbiome is associated with uterine fibroids. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1196823. [PMID: 37743857 PMCID: PMC10513091 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1196823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the female reproductive tract is closely associated with gynecologic diseases. Here, we aim to explore the association between dysbiosis in the genital tract and uterine fibroids (UFs) to further provide new insights into UF etiology. We present an observational study to profile vaginal and cervical microbiome from 29 women with UFs and 38 healthy women, and 125 samples were obtained and sequenced. By comparing the microbial profiles between different parts of the reproductive tract, there is no significant difference in microbial diversity between healthy subjects and UF patients. However, alpha diversity of UF patients was negatively correlated with the number of fibroids. Increased Firmicutes were observed in both the cervical and vaginal microbiome of UF patients at the phylum level. In differential analysis of relative abundance, some genera were shown to be significantly enriched (e.g., Erysipelatoclostridium, Mucispirillum, and Finegoldia) and depleted (e.g., Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 and Sporolactobacillus) in UF patients. Furthermore, the microbial co-occurrence networks of UF patients showed lower connectivity and complexity, suggesting reduced interactions and stability of the cervical and vaginal microbiota in UF patients. In summary, our findings revealed the perturbation of microbiome in the presence of UFs and a distinct pattern of characteristic vaginal and cervical microbiome involved in UFs, offering new options to further improve prevention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Mao
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Peng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingping Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dabao Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Doroftei B, Ilie OD, Armeanu T, Stoian IL, Anton N, Babici RG, Ilea C. A Narrative Review Discussing the Obstetric Repercussions Due to Alterations of Personalized Bacterial Sites Developed within the Vagina, Cervix, and Endometrium. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5069. [PMID: 37568471 PMCID: PMC10419759 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reproductive tract microbiota that evolved as an integrative component has been studied intensively in the last decade. As a result, novel research, clinical opportunities, and perspectives have been derived following the close investigation of this microecological environment. This has paved the way for an update to and improvement of the management strategies and therapeutic approaches. However, obscurities, contradictions, and controversies arise regarding the ascension route from the vagina to the endometrium via the cervix, with finality in adverse obstetric outcomes. METHODS Starting from these considerations, we aimed to gather all existing data and information from four major academic databases (PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) published in the last 13 years (2010-2023) using a controlled vocabulary and dedicated terminology to enhance the coverage, identification, and sorting of potentially eligible studies. RESULTS Despite the high number of returned entries (n = 804), only a slight percentage (2.73%) of all manuscripts were deemed eligible following two rounds of evaluation. Cumulatively, a low level of Lactobacillus spp. and of other core microbiota members is mandatory, with a possible eubiosis-to-dysbiosis transition leading to an impairment of metabolic and endocrine network homeostasis. This transposes into a change in the pro-inflammatory landscape and activation of signaling pathways due to activity exerted by the bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs)/endotoxins that further reflect a high risk of miscarriage in various stages. While the presence of some pathogenic entities may be suggestive of an adverse obstetric predisposition, there are still pros and cons of the role of specific strains, as only the vagina and cervix have been targeted as opposed to the endometrium, which recently started to be viewed as the key player in the vagina-cervix-endometrium route. Consequently, based on an individual's profile, diet, and regime, antibiotics and probiotics might be practical or not. CONCLUSIONS Resident bacteria have a dual facet and are beneficial for women's health, but, at the same time, relaying on the abundance, richness, and evenness that are definitory indexes standing as intermediaries of a miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Doroftei
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street No. 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Theodora Armeanu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
- Origyn Fertility Center, Palace Street No. 3C, 700032 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Liviana Stoian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Anton
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ramona-Geanina Babici
- Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ilea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Cuza Voda”, Cuza Voda Street No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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Liu Z, Hong L, Ling Z. Potential role of intratumor bacteria outside the gastrointestinal tract: More than passengers. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16756-16773. [PMID: 37377377 PMCID: PMC10501248 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor-associated bacteria and gut microbiota have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential role in cancer development and therapeutic response. This review aims to discuss the contributions of intratumor bacteria outside the gastrointestinal tract, in addition to exploring the mechanisms, functions, and implications of these bacteria in cancer therapy. METHODS We reviewed current literature on intratumor bacteria and their impact on tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and anti-tumor immune modulation. Additionally, we examined techniques used to detect intratumor bacteria, precautions necessary when handling low microbial biomass tumor samples, and the recent progress in bacterial manipulation for tumor treatment. RESULTS Research indicates that each type of cancer uniquely interacts with its microbiome, and bacteria can be detected even in non-gastrointestinal tumors with low bacterial abundance. Intracellular bacteria have the potential to regulate tumor cells' biological behavior and contribute to critical aspects of tumor development. Furthermore, bacterial-based anti-tumor therapies have shown promising results in cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the complex interactions between intratumor bacteria and tumor cells could lead to the development of more precise cancer treatment strategies. Further research into non-gastrointestinal tumor-associated bacteria is needed to identify new therapeutic approaches and expand our knowledge of the microbiota's role in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Lian‐Lian Hong
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zhi‐Qiang Ling
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina
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20
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Hugon AM, Golos TG. Non-human primate models for understanding the impact of the microbiome on pregnancy and the female reproductive tract†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:1-16. [PMID: 37040316 PMCID: PMC10344604 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has been shown, or implicated to be involved, in multiple facets of human health and disease, including not only gastrointestinal health but also metabolism, immunity, and neurology. Although the predominant focus of microbiome research has been on the gut, other microbial communities such as the vaginal or cervical microbiome are likely involved in physiological homeostasis. Emerging studies also aim to understand the role of different microbial niches, such as the endometrial or placental microbial communities, on the physiology and pathophysiology of reproduction, including their impact on reproductive success and the etiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). The study of the microbiome during pregnancy, specifically how changes in maternal microbial communities can lead to dysfunction and disease, can advance the understanding of reproductive health and the etiology of APOs. In this review, we will discuss the current state of non-human primate (NHP) reproductive microbiome research, highlight the progress with NHP models of reproduction, and the diagnostic potential of microbial alterations in a clinical setting to promote pregnancy health. NHP reproductive biology studies have the potential to expand the knowledge and understanding of female reproductive tract microbial communities and host-microbe or microbe-microbe interactions associated with reproductive health through sequencing and analysis. Furthermore, in this review, we aim to demonstrate that macaques are uniquely suited as high-fidelity models of human female reproductive pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marie Hugon
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thaddeus G Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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21
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Nguyen HDT, Le TM, Lee E, Lee D, Choi Y, Cho J, Park NJY, Chong GO, Seo I, Han HS. Relationship between Human Papillomavirus Status and the Cervicovaginal Microbiome in Cervical Cancer. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1417. [PMID: 37374919 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine cervical cancer (CC) is a complex, multistep disease primarily linked to persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). However, it is widely acknowledged that HR-HPV infection alone cannot account for the formation and progression of CC. Emerging evidence suggests that the cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) also plays a significant role in HPV-related CC. Certain bacteria, such as Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and Campylobacter, are currently being considered as potential microbiomarkers for HPV-positive CC. However, the composition of the CVM in CC is inconsistent; thus, further studies are needed. This review comprehensively discusses the complex interplay between HPV and the CVM in cervical carcinogenesis. It is postulated that the dynamic interaction between HPV and the CVM creates an imbalanced cervicovaginal microenvironment that triggers dysbiosis, enhances HPV persistence, and promotes cervical carcinogenesis. Moreover, this review aims to provide updated evidence on the potential role of bacteriotherapy, particularly probiotics, in the treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Duc Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Minh Le
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Cho
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Oh Chong
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Seo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Soo Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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22
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Rosário A, Sousa A, Varandas T, Marinho-Dias J, Medeiros R, Martins G, Monteiro P, Sousa H. Impact of cervicovaginal microbiome on the risk of cervical abnormalities development. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28762. [PMID: 37212334 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The vaginal microbiome has emerged as potentially influencing the natural history of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections and their clinical impact. We aimed to characterize the vaginal microbiome in samples from 807 high-risk HPVs (Hr-HPV) positive women with a mean age of 41.45 ± 10.79 years who participated in the Regional Cervical Cancer Screening Program from the Northern Region of Portugal. Microbiome analysis was performed with commercial kits for the detection of 21 microorganisms. The most frequent microorganisms were Ureaplasma parvum (52.5%), Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) (34.5%), Atopobium vaginae (AV) (32.6%), Lacto (30.7%), and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) (23.5%). The distribution according to age reveals that MH, Mega1, GV, BVab2, AV, and Mob were more prevalent in women older than 41 years of age (p < 0.050), while Lacto is significantly decreased in this group (23.5% vs. 39.4%, p < 0.001; RR = 0.47). The risk analysis showed that Hr-HPV-16/-18 and Hr-HPV-9val genotypes are associated with an increased risk of developing cervical abnormalities, while Lacto (p < 0.001; odd ratio [OR] = 0.33), GV (p = 0.0111; OR = 0.41), AV (p = 0.033; OR = 0.53) and Mob (p = 0.022; OR = 0.29) are associated with protection. Similar results were found for the risk of development atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Overall, the multivariate analysis confirmed that lactobacillus and bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (GV, AV, and Mob) are associated with protection against the development of cervical abnormalities. This study provides important data to be included in the future management of risk stratification for Hr-HPV-positive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Rosário
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sousa
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Health Sciences, Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Varandas
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Marinho-Dias
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (LPCC-NRNorte), Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Martins
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Monteiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Anatomic Pathology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Pathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Early Phase Clinical Trial Unit, Clinical Research Unit, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Saúde - ISAVE, Amares, Portugal
- Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga EPE, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
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23
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Ma Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Cao L, Han X, Gao S, Zhang C. Vaginal Microbiome Dysbiosis is Associated with the Different Cervical Disease Status. J Microbiol 2023; 61:423-432. [PMID: 37010797 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal microbiome composition was demonstrated to be associated with cervical disease. The colonization characteristics of vaginal microbes and their association with the different cervical disease status, especially cervical cancer (CC), are rarely investigated. In this cross-sectional study, we characterized the vaginal microbiome of women with different status of cervical diseases, including 22 NV + (normal tissue with HPV infection), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, n = 45), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL, n = 36) and CC (n = 27) using bacterial 16S DNA sequencing. Thirty HPV-negative women with normal tissue were used as the control group. We found that higher diversity of microbiome with gradual depletion of Lactobacillus, especially L. crispatus, was associated with the severity of cervical disease. High-risk HPV16 infection was associated with higher microbiome diversity and depletion of Lactobacillus in high-grade cervical diseases (i.e. HSIL and CC). The CC group was characterized by higher levels of Fannyhessea vaginae, Prevotella, Bacteroides, Finegoldia, Vibrio, Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus, and Dialister. Co-occurrence network analyses showed that negative correlations were exclusively observed between Lactobacillus and other bacteria, and almost all non-Lactobacillus bacteria were positively correlated with each other. In particular, the most diverse and complex co-occurrence network of vaginal bacteria, as well as a complete loss of L. crispatus, was observed in women with CC. Logistic regression model identified HPV16 and Lactobacillus as significant risk and protective factors for CC, respectively. These results suggest that specific Lactobacillus species (e.g. L. crispatus and L. iners) can be used as important markers to target prevention measures prioritizing HPV16-infected women and other hrHPV-infected women for test, vaccination and treat initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical and Uterine Cavity Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Cao
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical and Uterine Cavity Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Gao
- Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical and Uterine Cavity Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chiyu Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200437, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Elnaggar JH, Huynh VO, Lin D, Hillman RT, Abana CO, El Alam MB, Tomasic KC, Karpinets TV, Kouzy R, Phan JL, Wargo J, Holliday EB, Das P, Mezzari MP, Ajami NJ, Lynn EJ, Minsky BD, Morris VK, Milbourne A, Messick CA, Klopp AH, Futreal PA, Taniguchi CM, Schmeler KM, Colbert LE. HPV-related anal cancer is associated with changes in the anorectal microbiome during cancer development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1051431. [PMID: 37063829 PMCID: PMC10090447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1051431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer. Factors associated with progression of HPV infection to anal dysplasia and cancer are unclear and screening guidelines and approaches for anal dysplasia are less clear than for cervical dysplasia. One potential contributing factor is the anorectal microbiome. In this study, we aimed to identify differences in anal microbiome composition in the settings of HPV infection, anal dysplasia, and anal cancer in this rare disease. Methods Patients were enrolled in two prospective studies. Patients with anal dysplasia were part of a cross-sectional cohort that enrolled women with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia. Anorectal tumor swabs were prospectively collected from patients with biopsy-confirmed locally advanced SCCA prior to receiving standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Patients with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia without anal dysplasia were considered high-risk (HR Normal). 16S V4 rRNA Microbiome sequencing was performed for anal swabs. Alpha and Beta Diversity and composition were compared for HR Normal, anal dysplasia, and anal cancer. Results 60 patients with high-grade lower genital tract dysplasia were initially enrolled. Seven patients had concurrent anal dysplasia and 44 patients were considered HR Normal. Anorectal swabs from 21 patients with localized SCCA were included, sequenced, and analyzed in the study. Analysis of weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances demonstrated significant differences in microbial community composition between anal cancer and HR normal (p=0.018). LEfSe identified that all three groups exhibited differential enrichment of specific taxa. Peptoniphilus (p=0.028), Fusobacteria (p=0.0295), Porphyromonas (p=0.034), and Prevotella (p=0.029) were enriched in anal cancer specimens when compared to HR normal. Conclusion Although alpha diversity was similar between HR Normal, dysplasia and cancer patients, composition differed significantly between the three groups. Increased anorectal Peptoniphilus, Fusobacteria, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella abundance were associated with anal cancer. These organisms have been reported in various gastrointestinal cancers with roles in facilitating the proinflammatory microenvironment and neoplasia progression. Future work should investigate a potential role of microbiome analysis in screening for anal dysplasia and investigation into potential mechanisms of how these microbial imbalances influence the immune system and anal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H. Elnaggar
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Victoria O. Huynh
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Daniel Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - R. Tyler Hillman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas Scholar in Cancer Research, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Chike O. Abana
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Molly B. El Alam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katarina C. Tomasic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tatiana V. Karpinets
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ramez Kouzy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jae L. Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Emma B. Holliday
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Prajnan Das
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Melissa P. Mezzari
- The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nadim J. Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Erica J. Lynn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bruce D. Minsky
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Van K. Morris
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Andrea Milbourne
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Craig A. Messick
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ann H. Klopp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cullen M. Taniguchi
- Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lauren E. Colbert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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25
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Microbiota of Urine, Glans and Prostate Biopsies in Patients with Prostate Cancer Reveals a Dysbiosis in the Genitourinary System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051423. [PMID: 36900215 PMCID: PMC10000660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant neoplasm with the highest worldwide incidence in men aged 50 years and older. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbial dysbiosis may promote chronic inflammation linked to the development of PCa. Therefore, this study aims to compare the microbiota composition and diversity in urine, glans swabs, and prostate biopsies between men with PCa and non-PCa men. Microbial communities profiling was assessed through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that α-diversity (number and abundance of genera) was lower in prostate and glans, and higher in urine from patients with PCa, compared to non-PCa patients. The different genera of the bacterial community found in urine was significantly different in PCa patients compared to non-PCa patients, but they did not differ in glans and prostate. Moreover, comparing the bacterial communities present in the three different samples, urine and glans show a similar genus composition. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed significantly higher levels of the genera Streptococcus, Prevotella, Peptoniphilus, Negativicoccus, Actinomyces, Propionimicrobium, and Facklamia in urine of PCa patients, whereas Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia were more abundant in the non-PCa patients. In glans, the genus Stenotrophomonas was enriched in PCa subjects, while Peptococcus was more abundant in non-PCa subjects. In prostate, Alishewanella, Paracoccus, Klebsiella, and Rothia were the overrepresented genera in the PCa group, while Actinomyces, Parabacteroides, Muribaculaceae sp., and Prevotella were overrepresented in the non-PCa group. These findings provide a strong background for the development of potential biomarkers with clinical interest.
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26
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Xu S, Xiong Y, Fu B, Guo D, Sha Z, Lin X, Wu H. Bacteria and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1115556. [PMID: 36825088 PMCID: PMC9941202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and microbial infections are significant worldwide health challenges. Numerous studies have demonstrated that bacteria may contribute to the emergence of cancer. In this review, we assemble bacterial species discovered in various cancers to describe their variety and specificity. The relationship between bacteria and macrophages in cancer is also highlighted, and we look for ample proof to establish a biological basis for bacterial-induced macrophage polarization. Finally, we quickly go over the potential roles of metabolites, cytokines, and microRNAs in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment by bacterially activated macrophages. The complexity of bacteria and macrophages in cancer will be revealed as we gain a better understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms, which will lead to new therapeutic approaches for both inflammatory illnesses and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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27
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Lebedeva OP, Popov VN, Syromyatnikov MY, Starkova NN, Maslov AY, Kozarenko ON, Gryaznova MV. Female reproductive tract microbiome and early miscarriages. APMIS 2023; 131:61-76. [PMID: 36511842 PMCID: PMC10107729 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Miscarriage is one of the main causes of reproductive loss, which can lead to a number of physical and psychological complications and other long-term consequences. However, the role of vaginal and uterine microbiome in such complications is poorly understood. To review the published data on the function of the female reproductive tract microbiome in the pathogenesis of early miscarriages. The articles published over the past 20 years and deposited in PubMed, Google Academy, Scopus, Elibrary, ResearchGate, and EBSCO databases were analyzed. The review presents new data on the impact of the vaginal and uterine microbiome on the local immunity, including defense against sexually transmitted infections, and its association with other factors of miscarriages. The studies on the microbiome of non-pregnant women with recurrent miscarriages in the anamnesis, patients undergoing IVF, and pregnant women with miscarriages, as well as new directions in the microbiome research are discussed. The majority of studies have demonstrated that the dominant species of the vaginal and uterine microbiome in patients with early miscarriages are non-Lactobacillus bacteria. As many of these bacteria have not previously been detected by cultural studies and their role in obstetric complications is not well defined, further research on the female reproductive tract microbiome, including the microbiome of the cervix uteri, is needed to develop new approaches for the prognosis and prevention of miscarriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga P Lebedeva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod, Russia.,Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Vasily N Popov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.,Department of Genetics, Cytology, and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Mikhail Y Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.,Department of Genetics, Cytology, and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | | | - Alexander Y Maslov
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College, New York City, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Applied Genomic Technologies, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Olesya N Kozarenko
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.,Female Health Department, Yakovlevo Central District Hospital, Belgorod Region, Russia
| | - Mariya V Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.,Department of Genetics, Cytology, and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
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28
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Gholizadeh O, Yekanipour Z, Kivi S, Farahbod F, Aqayinejad M, Tasoujizade Y, Yasamineh S, Amini P, Akbarzadeh S, Hajiesmaeili M, Poortahmasebi V. Review of the evidence of the effects of human papillomavirus infection and Gardnerella vaginalis, and their co-infection on infertility. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105980. [PMID: 36642287 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A prevalent sexually transmitted infection, the human papillomavirus (HPV) is typically obtained just after the first sexual activity. The majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic and temporary. Cervical, anal, penile, vaginal, vulvar, and oropharyngeal cancers can occur due to recurrent infections with high-risk (hr)-HPV strains, generally decades later. Infections with HPV are significantly associated with reproductive function abnormalities. Per recent research, HPV infections may result in male infertility by reducing sperm motility. The hr-HPV infection was a risk factor for miscarriage, and the indiscriminate HPV genotype increased the probability of premature labor unexpectedly. Women's endometrial trophoblastic cell implantation is decreased by HPV. Gardnerella vaginalis (GV), an anaerobic bacterium that is a component of the natural vaginal flora, can be associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) when it starts to overgrow and emerge as the dominant species. Reduced Lactobacillus species abundance and GV are linked to female infertility. Data from in vitro studies suggests that sialidase produced by GV may facilitate the entry and growth of papilloma and other sexually transmitted viruses. Also, based on some studies conducted in the past, it can be said that GV and BV are associated with the development of uterine cancer. However, there is still not enough information about the exact mechanism of GV and HPV in causing infertility, which requires more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Gholizadeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Yekanipour
- Department of Microbiology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Setareh Kivi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Farahbod
- Obstetric & Gynecologist Specialist, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Aqayinejad
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Al-Zahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yalda Tasoujizade
- Health System Research (HSR), Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parya Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Sama Akbarzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Hajiesmaeili
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasebi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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The Role of Intratumor Microbiomes in Cervical Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020509. [PMID: 36672459 PMCID: PMC9856768 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumor microbiomes can influence tumorigenesis and progression. The relationship between intratumor microbiomes and cervical cancer metastasis, however, remains unclear. METHODS We examined 294 cervical cancer samples together with information on microbial expression, identified metastasis-associated microbiomes, and used machine learning methods to validate their predictive ability on tumor metastasis. The tumors were subsequently typed based on differences in microbial expression. Differentially expressed genes in different tumor types were combined to construct a tumor-prognostic risk score model and a multiparameter nomogram model. In addition, we performed a functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes to infer the mechanism of action between microbiomes and tumor cells. RESULTS Based on the 15 differentially expressed microbiomes, machine learning models were able to correctly predict the risk of cervical cancer metastasis. In addition, both the risk score and the nomogram model accurately predicted tumor prognosis. Differences in the expression of endogenous genes in tumors can influence the distribution of the intracellular microbiomes. CONCLUSIONS Intratumoral microbiomes in cervical cancer are associated with tumor metastasis and influence disease prognosis. A change in gene expression within tumor cells is responsible for differences in the microbial populations within the tumor.
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Vikramdeo KS, Anand S, Pierce JY, Singh AP, Singh S, Dasgupta S. Distribution of microbiota in cervical preneoplasia of racially disparate populations. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1074. [PMID: 36258167 PMCID: PMC9578267 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Microbiome dysbiosis is an important contributing factor in tumor development and thus may be a risk predictor for human malignancies. In the United States, women with Hispanic/Latina (HIS) and African American (AA) background have a higher incidence of cervical cancer and poorer outcomes than Caucasian American (CA) women. METHODS Here, we assessed the distribution pattern of microbiota in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions obtained from HIS (n = 12), AA (n = 12), and CA (n = 12) women, who were screened for CC risk assessment. We employed a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach adapted from the NIH-Human Microbiome Project to identify the microbial niche in all CIN lesions (n = 36). RESULTS We detected an appreciably decreased abundance of beneficial Lactobacillus in the CIN lesions of the AA and HIS women compared to the CA women. Differential abundance of potentially pathogenic Prevotella, Delftia, Gardnerella, and Fastidiosipila was also evident among the various racial groups. An increased abundance of Micrococcus was also evident in AA and HIS women compared to the CA women. The detection level of Rhizobium was higher among the AA ad CA women compared to the HIS women. In addition to the top 10 microbes, a unique niche of 27 microbes was identified exclusively in women with a histopathological diagnosis of CIN. Among these microbes, a group of 8 microbiota; Rubellimicrobium, Podobacter, Brevibacterium, Paracoccus, Atopobium, Brevundimonous, Comamonous, and Novospingobium was detected only in the CIN lesions obtained from AA and CA women. CONCLUSIONS Microbial dysbiosis in the cervical epithelium represented by an increased ratio of potentially pathogenic to beneficial microbes may be associated with increased CC risk disparities. Developing a race-specific reliable panel of microbial markers could be beneficial for CC risk assessment, disease prevention, and/or therapeutic guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Shashi Anand
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | | | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
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Zeber-Lubecka N, Kulecka M, Lindner B, Krynicki R, Paziewska A, Nowakowski A, Bidzinski M, Ostrowski J. Increased diversity of a cervical microbiome associates with cervical cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1005537. [PMID: 36249017 PMCID: PMC9562559 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1005537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The cervical microbiome (CM) is a complex ecosystem that can change in response to gynecological cancers. We aimed to evaluate changes in the CM of patients who underwent chemoradiation (CRT) therapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. Before and after CRT, cervical swab samples were collected from 16 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, and 30 healthy women. All samples were subjected to 16s rRNA-Seq analysis. In healthy premenopausal women the CM comprised mostly Lactobacillus (>90%); the CM community in samples from both pre- and postmenopausal pre-treatment cancer patients was heterogeneous, with a low proportion of Lactobacillus in younger cases. On the genus level, 27 and 11 taxa differentiated healthy controls from cancer patients in pre- and postmenopausal age groups, while 31 and 2 genera differentiated pre- and post-radiation samples and pre-radiation and the follow-up samples, respectively. Microbiome diversity was significantly higher in pre-treatment patients than in healthy controls. The results reveal significant alterations in the CM of cervical cancer patients relative to that in healthy controls; these changes were more striking after CRT. However, further research is needed to determine whether alteration of the CM offers new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogusław Lindner
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Krynicki
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Nowakowski
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Bidzinski
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jerzy Ostrowski,
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Guo C, Dai W, Zhou Q, Gui L, Cai H, Wu D, Hou J, Li C, Li S, Du H, Wu R. Cervicovaginal microbiota significantly changed for HPV-positive women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:973875. [PMID: 35992171 PMCID: PMC9386141 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.973875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower female genital tract is colonized by a variety of microbes (cervicovaginal microbiota, CVM) which associate with the risk of genital infection. This study characterized CVM for 149 Chinese women with different status of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL): no HPV infection (HPV-), HPV infection without significant SIL (HPV+NoSIL), HPV infection with low-grade SIL (HPV+LSIL) and HPV infection with high-grade SIL (HPV+HSIL). Analysis results showed CVM has dramatically changed in HPV+HSIL group when compared to HPV+LSIL group, but it exhibited no significant differences between HPV- and HPV+NoSIL groups as well as between HPV+NoSIL and HPV+LSIL groups. In consistence, random forest analysis found more notable differences in HPV+HSIL vs HPV+LSIL comparison than in other comparisons. In addition, depletion of Lactobacillus in CVM was more to be frequently identified in SIL-positive women as compared to SIL-negative individuals. Our findings suggested that significant CVM differences occurred when SIL developed to HSIL which was caused by persistent HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenkui Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liming Gui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuaicheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ruifang Wu, ; Hui Du,
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ruifang Wu, ; Hui Du,
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The Complex Interplay between Vaginal Microbiota, HPV Infection, and Immunological Microenvironment in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137174. [PMID: 35806188 PMCID: PMC9266651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: in recent years, many studies were carried out to explore the role of vaginal microbiota in HPV infections and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) progression. The aim of this study was to conduct a review of the literature to analyze the interaction between the vaginal microbiota, the CIN, and the immunological response. Methods: we performed a literature search, considering papers published between November 2015 and September 2021. Results: despite significant evidence suggesting a role of vaginal microbiota in the pathogenesis of HPV-related lesions, some studies still struggle to demonstrate this correlation. However, the vaginal microbiota of HPV-positive women shows an increased diversity, combined with a reduced relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and a higher pH. In cervical dysplasia progression, a strong association is found with new bacteria, and with the deregulation of pathways and hyperexpression of cytokines leading to chronic inflammation. Conclusions: in HPV progression, there is a strong correlation between potential biomarkers, such as Sneathia and Delftia found in community state types IV and II, and chronic inflammation with cytokine overexpression. Better analysis of these factors could be of use in the prevention of the progression of the disease and, eventually, in new therapeutic strategies.
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Mizutani T, Ishizaka A, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Yotsuyanagi H. Role of Microbiota in Viral Infections and Pathological Progression. Viruses 2022; 14:950. [PMID: 35632692 PMCID: PMC9144409 DOI: 10.3390/v14050950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are influenced by various microorganisms in the environment surrounding the target tissue, and the correlation between the type and balance of commensal microbiota is the key to establishment of the infection and pathogenicity. Some commensal microorganisms are known to resist or promote viral infection, while others are involved in pathogenicity. It is also becoming evident that the profile of the commensal microbiota under normal conditions influences the progression of viral diseases. Thus, to understand the pathogenesis underlying viral infections, it is important to elucidate the interactions among viruses, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota, which should have different relationships with each virus. In this review, we outline the role of microorganisms in viral infections. Particularly, we focus on gaining an in-depth understanding of the correlations among viral infections, target tissues, and the surrounding environment, including the commensal microbiota and the gut virome, and discussing the impact of changes in the microbiota (dysbiosis) on the pathological progression of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketoshi Mizutani
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (A.I.); (M.K.); (T.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Aya Ishizaka
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (A.I.); (M.K.); (T.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (A.I.); (M.K.); (T.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (A.I.); (M.K.); (T.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (A.I.); (M.K.); (T.T.); (H.Y.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Holubekova V, Kolkova Z, Kasubova I, Samec M, Mazurakova A, Koklesova L, Kubatka P, Rokos T, Kozubik E, Biringer K, Kudela E. Interaction of cervical microbiome with epigenome of epithelial cells: Significance of inflammation to primary healthcare. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:61-80. [PMID: 35245973 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
One pillar of the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine framework strategies is the female health. The evaluation of women's lifestyle and dietary habits in context with genetic and modifiable risk factors may reflect the prevention of cervical cancer before the occurrence of clinical symptoms and prediction of cervical lesion behavior. The main aim of this review is to analyze publications in the field of precision medicine that allow the use of research knowledge of cervical microbiome, epigenetic modifications, and inflammation in potential application in clinical practice. Personalized approach in evaluating patient's risk of future development of cervical abnormality should consider the biomarkers of the local microenvironment characterized by the microbial composition, epigenetic pattern of cervical epithelium, and presence of chronic inflammation. Novel sequencing techniques enable a more detailed characterization of actual state in cervical epithelium. Better understanding of all changes in multiomics level enables a better assessment of disease prognosis and selects the eligible targeted therapy in personalized medicine. Restoring of healthy vaginal microflora and reversing the outbreak of cervical abnormality can be also achieved by dietary habits as well as uptake of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, microbial transplantation, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Holubekova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kolkova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kasubova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Rokos
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Erik Kozubik
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
| | - Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital, Martin, SK-03601, Slovakia
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Mandal S, Bandyopadhyay S, Tyagi K, Roy A. Human microbial dysbiosis as driver of gynecological malignancies. Biochimie 2022; 197:86-95. [PMID: 35176353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Gynecological cancers that affect female reproductive tract, remain at the top of the global cancer burden list with high relapse rate and mortality. Notwithstanding development of several novel therapeutic interventions including poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, this family of malignancies remain deadly. The human microbiome project demonstrated that dysbiosis of health resident microflora is associated with several pathologies including malignancies of the female reproductive tract and detailed characterization of species variation and host-microbe interaction could provide clues for identification of early diagnostic biomarker, preventive and therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence suggests that several microbial signatures are significantly associated with gynecological cancers. An increased population of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes followed by significantly reduced Lactobacilli are associated with lethal epithelial ovarian cancer. Similarly, a constant association of elevated level of Atopobium vaginae, Porphyromonas somerae, Micrococci and Gardnerella vaginalis are observed in endometrial and cervical cancers. Moreover, human papilloma virus infection significantly augments colonization of pathogenic microbes including Sneathia sanguinegens, Anaerococcus tetradius, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and drives carcinoma of the cervix. Interestingly, microbial dysbiosis in female reproductive tract modulates expression of several microbial and immune-responsive genes such as TLR-4, TLR-5, TLR-6 and NOD-1. Therefore, stringent investigation into the microbial dysbiosis and its underlying mechanism could provide valuable cues for identification of early diagnostic biomarker, preventive and therapeutic interventions against rogue gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supratim Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Shrabasti Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Komal Tyagi
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Adhiraj Roy
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India.
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You L, Zhou J, Xin Z, Hauck JS, Na F, Tang J, Zhou X, Lei Z, Ying B. Novel directions of precision oncology: Circulating microbial DNA emerging in cancer-microbiome areas. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2022; 5:pbac005. [PMID: 35692444 PMCID: PMC9026200 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome research has extended into the cancer area in the past decades. Microbes can affect oncogenesis, progression, and treatment response through various mechanisms, including direct regulation and indirect impacts. Microbiota-associated detection methods and agents have been developed to facilitate cancer diagnosis and therapy. Additionally, the cancer microbiome has recently been redefined. The identification of intra-tumoral microbes and cancer-related circulating microbial DNA (cmDNA) has promoted novel research in the cancer–microbiome area. In this review, we define the human system of commensal microbes and the cancer microbiome from a brand-new perspective and emphasize the potential value of cmDNA as a promising biomarker in cancer liquid biopsy. We outline all existing studies on the relationship between cmDNA and cancer and the outlook for potential preclinical and clinical applications of cmDNA in cancer precision medicine, as well as critical problems to be overcome in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhaodan Xin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - J Spencer Hauck
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Feifei Na
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang 621000, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zichen Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Mei L, Wang T, Chen Y, Wei D, Zhang Y, Cui T, Meng J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Ding L, Niu X. Dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota associated with persistent high-risk human papilloma virus infection. J Transl Med 2022; 20:12. [PMID: 34980148 PMCID: PMC8722078 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The status of vaginal microbiota in persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection is unclear. The present work aimed to identify the vaginal microbiota of persistent HPV infection and explore the possible underlying microbiota factors. Methods A total of 100 women were recruited in this study, of which 28 presented HR-HPV persistent infection (P group), 30 showed clearance of any subtype of HR-HPV (C group), and 42 had no history of any HR-HPV infection (NC group). The vaginal microbiota and the community structure of the three groups were compared based on the 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3–V4 region. The microbiota diversity and differential analysis were carried out to detect the potential factors associated with HR-HPV infection. Results P and C groups showed an increase of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota but a decrease in Proteobacteria compared to the NC group. The Chao1 index indicated that the microbial richness of the NC group was greater than C group (P < 0.05).The principal co-ordinate analysis(PCoA) revealed differences between the NC and P/C groups.The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method indicated that Proteobacteria phylum was significantly different in the mean relative abundance in the NC group,but the P and C groups did not show such indicative taxa. The Wilcox rank-sum test indicated that the Bifidobacterium (P = 0.002) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.005) of the C group were in a high mean relative abundance compared to the NC group. Conclusions The persistent HR-HPV infection is associated with dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota. Microbiome regulation with Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus may affect the clearance of HPV. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03201-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Mei
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueting Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Meng
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Niu
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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Zhou ZW, Long HZ, Cheng Y, Luo HY, Wen DD, Gao LC. From Microbiome to Inflammation: The Key Drivers of Cervical Cancer. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:767931. [PMID: 34867901 PMCID: PMC8634716 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.767931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Microbes and hosts form a mutually beneficial symbiosis relationship, and various parts of the host body are microbial habitats. Microbes can trigger inflammation in certain parts of the host body, contributing to cervical cancer development. This article reviews the relationship between cervicovaginal microbes, inflammation and cervical cancer, and discusses the effect of some key cervical microbes on cervical cancer. Finally, probiotic therapy and immunotherapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li-Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
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40
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Hang Z, Lei T, Zeng Z, Cai S, Bi W, Du H. Composition of intestinal flora affects the risk relationship between Alzheimer's disease/Parkinson's disease and cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112343. [PMID: 34864312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of epidemiological studies have shown that there is a significant inverse relationship between the onset of Alzheimer's disease/Parkinson's disease (AD/PD) and cancer, but the mechanism is still unclear. Considering that intestinal flora can connect them, we tried to explain this phenomenon from the intestinal flora. This review briefly introduced the relationship among AD/PD, cancer, and intestinal flora, studied metabolites or components of the intestinal flora and the role of intestinal barriers and intestinal hormones in AD/PD and cancer. After screening, a part of the flora capable of participating in the occurrence processes of the three diseases at the same time was obtained, the abundance changes of the special flora in AD/PD and various types of cancers were summarized, and they were classified according to the flora function and abundance, which in turn innovatively and reasonably explained the fact that AD/PD and cancer showed certain antagonism in epidemiological statistics from the perspective of intestinal flora. This review also proposed that viewing the risk relationship between diseases from the perspective of intestinal flora may provide new research ideas for the treatment of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongci Hang
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Tong Lei
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Zehua Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Shanglin Cai
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Wangyu Bi
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China.
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41
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Deka N, Hassan S, Seghal Kiran G, Selvin J. Insights into the role of vaginal microbiome in women's health. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:1071-1084. [PMID: 34763361 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The vaginal microbiome is a complex and dynamic microecosystem that fluctuates continually throughout a woman's life. Lactobacillus, a bacterium that possesses antibacterial properties dominates a healthy vaginal microbiome. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal disorder that has been linked with the dysbiosis of normal vaginal microbiota. Despite the importance of vaginal microbiome, little is known about functions it performs especially, how it helps in protecting the female reproductive tract. This knowledge gap is a significant impediment to the development of effective and feasible clinical treatments that might be required to improve women's health. Thus, a deeper understanding of the functional aspects and not just the composition of vaginal microbiome may aid in improving the diagnostics and treatment strategies. Recent advancement in molecular methods and computational biology have allowed researchers to acquire more knowledge about the vaginal microbiome. The use of metagenomics (culture-independent high-throughput technology) and bioinformatics tools have improved our understanding of the vaginal microbiome. In this review, we have attempted to explore the factors that may alter normal vaginal microbiota homeostasis such as age, sexual behavior, ethnicity, and hygiene, and so forth. We also discuss the role of probiotics in restoring healthy vaginal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Deka
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Saqib Hassan
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India.,Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - George Seghal Kiran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Joseph Selvin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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42
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Ma J, Huang L, Hu D, Zeng S, Han Y, Shen H. The role of the tumor microbe microenvironment in the tumor immune microenvironment: bystander, activator, or inhibitor? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:327. [PMID: 34656142 PMCID: PMC8520212 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02128-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy largely depends on the tumor microenvironment, especially the tumor immune microenvironment. Emerging studies have claimed that microbes reside within tumor cells and immune cells, suggesting that these microbes can impact the state of the tumor immune microenvironment. For the first time, this review delineates the landscape of intra-tumoral microbes and their products, herein defined as the tumor microbe microenvironment. The role of the tumor microbe microenvironment in the tumor immune microenvironment is multifaceted: either as an immune activator, inhibitor, or bystander. The underlying mechanisms include: (I) the presentation of microbial antigens by cancer cells and immune cells, (II) microbial antigens mimicry shared with tumor antigens, (III) microbe-induced immunogenic cell death, (IV) microbial adjuvanticity mediated by pattern recognition receptors, (V) microbe-derived metabolites, and (VI) microbial stimulation of inhibitory checkpoints. The review further suggests the use of potential modulation strategies of the tumor microbe microenvironment to enhance the efficacy and reduce the adverse effects of checkpoint inhibitors. Lastly, the review highlights some critical questions awaiting to be answered in this field and provides possible solutions. Overall, the tumor microbe microenvironment modulates the tumor immune microenvironment, making it a potential target for improving immunotherapy. It is a novel field facing major challenges and deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lingjuan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Die Hu
- Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
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43
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Dai W, Du H, Li S, Wu R. Cervicovaginal Microbiome Factors in Clearance of Human Papillomavirus Infection. Front Oncol 2021; 11:722639. [PMID: 34395294 PMCID: PMC8355615 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.722639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is the highest risk to cervical cancer which is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. A growing body of literatures demonstrate the role of cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) in hrHPV susceptibility and clearance, suggesting the promise of CVM-targeted interventions in protecting against or eliminating HPV infection. Nevertheless, the CVM-HPV-host interactions are largely unknown. In this review, we summarize imbalanced CVM in HPV-positive women, with or without cervical diseases, and the progress of exploring CVM resources in HPV clearance. In addition, microbe- and host-microbe interactions in HPV infection and elimination are reviewed to understand the role of CVM in remission of HPV infection. Lastly, the feasibility of CVM-modulated and -derived products in promoting HPV clearance is discussed. Information in this article will provide valuable reference for researchers interested in cervical cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkui Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuaicheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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Kudela E, Liskova A, Samec M, Koklesova L, Holubekova V, Rokos T, Kozubik E, Pribulova T, Zhai K, Busselberg D, Kubatka P, Biringer K. The interplay between the vaginal microbiome and innate immunity in the focus of predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach to combat HPV-induced cervical cancer. EPMA J 2021; 12:199-220. [PMID: 34194585 PMCID: PMC8192654 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HPVs representing the most common sexually transmitted disease are a group of carcinogenic viruses with different oncogenic potential. The immune system and the vaginal microbiome represent the modifiable and important risk factors in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. HPV infection significantly increases vaginal microbiome diversity, leading to gradual increases in the abundance of anaerobic bacteria and consequently the severity of cervical dysplasia. Delineation of the exact composition of the vaginal microbiome and immune environment before HPV acquisition, during persistent/progressive infections and after clearance, provides insights into the complex mechanisms of cervical carcinogenesis. It gives hints regarding the prediction of malignant potential. Relative high HPV prevalence in the general population is a challenge for modern and personalized diagnostics and therapeutic guidelines. Identifying the dominant microbial biomarkers of high-grade and low-grade dysplasia could help us to triage the patients with marked chances of lesion regression or progression. Any unnecessary surgical treatment of cervical dysplasia could negatively affect obstetrical outcomes and sexual life. Therefore, understanding the effect and role of microbiome-based therapies is a breaking point in the conservative management of HPV-associated precanceroses. The detailed evaluation of HPV capabilities to evade immune mechanisms from various biofluids (vaginal swabs, cervicovaginal lavage/secretions, or blood) could promote the identification of new immunological targets for novel individualized diagnostics and therapy. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of local immune and microbial environment and associated risk factors constitutes the critical background for preventive, predictive, and personalized medicine that is essential for improving state-of-the-art medical care in patients with cervical precanceroses and cervical cancer. The review article focuses on the influence and potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of the local innate immune system and the microbial markers in HPV-related cancers in the context of 3P medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kudela
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Holubekova
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Rokos
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Erik Kozubik
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Terezia Pribulova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Busselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, EPMA, 1160 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
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Abstract
Microbial roles in cancer formation, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment have been disputed for centuries. Recent studies have provocatively claimed that bacteria, viruses, and/or fungi are pervasive among cancers, key actors in cancer immunotherapy, and engineerable to treat metastases. Despite these findings, the number of microbes known to directly cause carcinogenesis remains small. Critically evaluating and building frameworks for such evidence in light of modern cancer biology is an important task. In this Review, we delineate between causal and complicit roles of microbes in cancer and trace common themes of their influence through the host's immune system, herein defined as the immuno-oncology-microbiome axis. We further review evidence for intratumoral microbes and approaches that manipulate the host's gut or tumor microbiome while projecting the next phase of experimental discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Ravid Straussman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jeff Hasty
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- BioCircuits Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Feng X, Han L, Ma S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhang K, Yin P, Guo L, Jing W, Li Q. Microbes in Tumoral In Situ Tissues and in Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:572570. [PMID: 33330121 PMCID: PMC7732458 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.572570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous tumors are severe diseases affecting human health that have a complicated etiology and pathogenesis. Microbes have been considered to be related to the development and progression of numerous tumors through various pathogenic mechanisms in recent studies. Bacteria, which have so far remained the most studied microbes worldwide, have four major possible special pathogenic mechanisms (modulation of inflammation, immunity, DNA damage, and metabolism) that are related to carcinogenesis. This review aims to macroscopically summarize and verify the relationships between microbes and tumoral in situ tissues from cancers of four major different systems (urinary, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive); the abovementioned four microbial pathogenic mechanisms, as well as some synergistic pathogenic mechanisms, are also discussed. Once the etiologic role of microbes and their precise pathogenic mechanisms in carcinogenesis are known, the early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers would progress significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanbo Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Panyue Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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