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Winther MF, Johnsson J, Madsen PK, Pihl TH, Paltrinieri S, Cerón JJ, Scavone D, Pardo-Marin L, Jacobsen S. The use of serum paraoxonase-1 to assess inflammation in horses with colitis serum paraoxonase-1 in horses with colitis. Vet Clin Pathol 2024. [PMID: 39034301 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) has been suggested as a marker of inflammation and oxidative stress in horses and could potentially be used for prognostication in horses with colitis. OBJECTIVES Assessment of PON-1 in horses with colitis and comparison of two methods. METHODS Serum PON-1 was measured by two methods (paraoxon and p-nitrophenyl acetate) in 161 horses with colitis and 57 controls. Follow-up samples obtained during hospitalization were available from 106 horses with colitis. The two methods were compared. RESULTS Serum PON-1 was significantly lower in horses with colitis than in healthy horses (P < .0001 for both methods) as well as in nonsurvivors compared with survivors (P = .0141 [paraoxon-based method] and P < .0001 [p-nitrophenyl acetate-based method]), but with marked overlap between groups. PON-1 activity did not change parallel to a change in inflammatory status in response to treatment when assessed at admission and in up to seven follow-up samples. Admission PON-1 activity could not reliably classify horses as survivors or nonsurvivors, with sensitivity and specificity ranging between 53.1% and 72.9%. Results from the two methods were comparable. CONCLUSIONS Both methods reliably measured serum PON-1 activity. Significant differences in PON-1 activity were found between healthy horses and horses with colitis and between survivors and nonsurvivors. However, PON-1 activity varied considerably within groups. Both the proposed reference intervals as well as alternative cutoff values resulted in suboptimal diagnostic and prognostic performance, and the use of serum PON-1 in horses with colitis thus seems to add little to existing diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malou F Winther
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josefine Johnsson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille K Madsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina H Pihl
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - José J Cerón
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Donatella Scavone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luis Pardo-Marin
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mohsin R, Fujimoto VY, Galusha AL, Parsons PJ, Krall JR, Butts-Jackson CD, Mok-Lin E, Bloom MS. Associations between follicular fluid trace elements and ovarian response during in vitro fertilization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118801. [PMID: 38555083 PMCID: PMC11156565 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to trace elements has been associated with ovarian response in experimental studies. We conducted a hypothesis-generating study of associations between ovarian follicular fluid (FF) trace elements and measures of ovarian response among women using in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS We collected ovarian FF specimens from 56 women. We determined concentrations (μg/L) of 11 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry. We estimated associations between women's FF trace elements per interquartile range difference, and measures of ovarian response using linear (peak estradiol (E2), baseline anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)) and negative binomial (baseline antral follicle count (AFC) and oocyte count) regression, adjusting for confounding factors. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the associations of the FF trace elements mixture. We also explored FF oxidative stress enzymes as causal mediators of the associations. RESULTS Higher FF cobalt was associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 351.48 pg/mL; 95%CI: 21.76, 724.71) and AFC (rate ratio = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.28), and higher FF copper was associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 335.66 pg/mL; 95%CI: 81.77, 753.08) and oocyte count (rate ratio = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.43). Higher FF mercury was also associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 410.70 pg/mL; 95%CI: 61.90, 883.39). Higher FF lead was associated with lesser AFC (rate ratio = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.73, 0.98). Using PCA, the mixture of Sr, Hg, and As was associated with higher peak estradiol, AFC, and oocyte count. FF glutathione peroxidase, paraoxonase, and arylesterase activities were inconsistent mediators of the associations, but the effect estimates were imprecise. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that essential and non-essential trace elements in FF were associated with ovarian response during IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rooshna Mohsin
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States
| | - Victor Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Jenna R Krall
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States
| | - Celeste D Butts-Jackson
- Department of Health Services Management, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Evelyn Mok-Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States.
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Stingelin LA, Schell CE, Palmeira M, Araujo GDM, Casas BAD, Moreira F, Alvarado-Rincón JA, Schneider A, Peripolli V, Schwegler E. Metabolic and productive parameters of lactating dairy cows under heat stress conditions supplemented with plant polyphenol extract. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:176. [PMID: 38795263 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
The impact of heat stress on dairy cattle leads to significant economic losses and a negative impact on the welfare of the animals. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the nutritional additive (Thermoplus®) in dairy cows under postpartum heat stress conditions, and its effects on the metabolic profile, production and quality of milk. Eighteen lactating Holstein cows (8 multiparous and ten primiparous), in a free-stall system, with a mean body condition score (BCS) of 3.14 ± 0.05, live weight of 624.55 ± 18, 61 kg, with initial mean days in milk (DIM) of 90 ± 10.11, were selected. The animals were grouped into a control (CG, n = 9) and a treatment (TG, n = 9). Both groups underwent 14 days of diet adaptation, the TG received the basal diet supplemented with 50 g of the additive, once a day, individually, while the control group received only the total diet. Data collection of metabolic and productive parameters were evaluated on days -14 (before adaptation), 1 (after the diet adaptation period), 16, 30, and 44. Milk, blood, and body condition score (BCS) were collected once a day, and heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were collected twice a day. Serum concentrations of albumin, calcium, magnesium, glucose, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) were evaluated. In the milk, the percentage of fat, protein, lactose, and total solids were determined in each sampling. Milk yield was measured daily. Humidity and ambient temperature values were collected on the days of the collection every 30 min, from 5:30 am to 5:00 pm, to calculate the temperature-humidity index (THI). Statistical analyzes were performed using the SAS software (version 9.3, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The THI ranged from 62.22 to 79.47. Our findings showed that when the THI was greater than 72, the animals in the TG were able to maintain milk yield (Odds ratio (OD) = -0.0577,), and the animals in the CG had a greater chance of reducing it (OD = -0.2301). Multiparous cows in the TG had higher milk yield than CG (32.57 ± 0.34 vs 30.50 ± 0.36 kg per day; P = 0.0078) and lower SCC (34.110 ± 6,940 vs 665.50 ± 214.41 cells per ml; P = 0.03), with the same percentages of total solids (P > 0.05). In multiparous metabolic markers, TG when compared CG had higher albumin concentrations (2.50 ± 0.07 vs 2.12 ± 0.07 g/dl; < 0.001), equal PON-1 (P > 0.05), and higher BHBA levels (0.49 ± 0.03 vs 0.39 ± 0.04 mmol/l). Primiparous from the CG had higher concentrations of NEFA (0.18 ± 0.02 mmol/l) than multiparous from the same group (0.09 ± 0.02 mmol/l) P = 0.0265. The use of the plant polyphenol extract in postpartum Holstein cows challenged by heat stress had beneficial effects on the production and health of the mammary gland in multiparous cows without decreasing milk solids. The non-reduction of the activities of the acute phase proteins indicates an immunomodulatory and inflammatory-reducing effect of the product used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Adnauer Stingelin
- Professional Master's Degree in Animal Production and Health (PPGPSA), Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
- CCPA Group France, Janze, Breizh, France
| | | | - Maila Palmeira
- Professional Master's Degree in Animal Production and Health (PPGPSA), Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiana Moreira
- Professional Master's Degree in Animal Production and Health (PPGPSA), Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Peripolli
- Professional Master's Degree in Animal Production and Health (PPGPSA), Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Schwegler
- Professional Master's Degree in Animal Production and Health (PPGPSA), Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil.
- Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Araquari, Araquari, SC, Brazil.
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Leão GFM, Santos SK, Askel EJ, Michelotti TCA, Negro G, Lopes F, Luchini D, Cardoso FC, Almeida R. Feeding rumen-protected methionine during the peripartum period improved milk fat content and reduced the culling rate of Holstein cows in a commercial herd. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00772-0. [PMID: 38670336 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Researchers have reported the benefits of feeding rumen-protected methionine (RPM) during the peripartum on the health parameters of dairy cows. Rumen-protected methionine has reportedly improved milk yield, milk components and liver health, but the literature is scarce on its effects in commercial herds. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of feeding RPMet (Smartamine M®, Adisseo Inc., Antony, France) prepartum (8 g per cow per day) and postpartum (15 g per cow per day) on performance, metabolic profile, and culling rate of Holstein cows in a commercial herd. One-hundred and 66 (n = 166) Holstein cows, 58 nulliparous and 108 parous, were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments, consisting of TMR top-dressed with RPMet (2.35 and 2.24% Met of MP for close-up and fresh cows, respectively) or without (control, CON, (2.03 and 1.89% Met of MP for close-up and fresh cows, respectively), fed from 21 ± 6 d prepartum until 16 ± 5 d postpartum. From 17 d in milk (DIM) until dry-off, all cows received RPMet. Daily milk yield was recorded, and milk samples were collected in the first and second weeks after calving to determine their composition. Blood samples were collected before the morning feeding on -14, -7, +1, +7, and +14 d relative to calving. Mortality and morbidity were recorded during the first 60 DIM. Cows supplemented with RPMet had greater milk yield during the first 16 DIM (31.76 vs. 30.37 kg/d; SEM = 1.04, respectively), and had greater milk fat content (4.45 vs. 4.10%; SEM = 0.11, respectively), but not milk total protein (3.47 vs. 3.39%; SEM = 0.04, respectively) and casein contents (2.74 vs. 2.66%; SEM = 0.04, respectively) than CON cows. Cows in RPMet had increased plasma Met concentrations than cows in CON (24.9 vs. 21.0 µmol/L; SEM = 1.2, respectively). Although morbidity was similar between treatments, the culling rate from calving until 60 DIM was lower for RPMet cows than for CON cows (2.4 vs. 12.1%; SEM = 0.02). In conclusion, cows receiving RPMet have greater milk yield, improved milk fat content, and a lower culling rate at 60 DIM than CON cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F M Leão
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - S K Santos
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - E J Askel
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - T C A Michelotti
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - G Negro
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - F Lopes
- Adisseo, Alpharetta, GA, 30022, USA
| | | | - F C Cardoso
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - R Almeida
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
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Murillo A, Pastor J, Serrano E, Tvarijonaviciute A, Cerón J, Goris M, Ahmed A, Cuenca R. Acute phase proteins and total antioxidant capacity in free-roaming cats infected by pathogenic leptospires. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:148. [PMID: 37679743 PMCID: PMC10483874 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is a neglected but widespread zoonotic disease throughout the world. Most mammals are hosts of Leptospira spp., including domestic cats, species in which no consensus has been reached on the clinical presentation or diagnosis of the disease. The study of acute-phase proteins (APPs) and biomarkers of oxidative status would contribute to knowledge about the disease in cats. This report evaluated four APPs: Serum amyloid A-SAA, Haptoglobin-Hp, albumin and Paraoxonase 1-PON1 and the antioxidant response through Total Antioxidant Capacity-TAC, in 32 free-roaming cats. Cats were classified as seroreactive for anti-leptospiral antibodies (group 1, n = 8), infected with Leptospira spp (group 2, n = 5) and leptospires-free cats (group 3, n = 19). RESULTS SAA differences were observed between groups 1 and 2 (p-value = 0.01) and between groups 2 and 3 (p-value = 0.0001). Hp concentration differences were only detected between groups 2 and 3 (p-value = 0.001). Albumin concentrations only differed between groups 1 and 3 (p-value = 0.017) and 2 and 3 (p-value < 0.005). Cats in groups 1 (p-value < 0.005) and 2 (p-value < 0.005) had lower PON1 concentrations than group 3. No statistically significant differences between pairs of groups were detected for TAC concentrations. The principal component analysis (PCA) retained two principal components, (PC1 and PC2), explaining 60.1% of the observed variability of the inflammatory proteins and the antioxidant TAC. CONCLUSIONS Increases in Serum SAA, Hp, and decreases in PON1 activity may indicate an active inflammatory state in infected cats (currently or recently infected).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Murillo
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain.
| | - Josep Pastor
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Serrano
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - José Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Marga Goris
- OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (NRL), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Ahmed
- OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis (NRL), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Rafaela Cuenca
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Wildlife Ecology & Health group (WE&H), Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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Metabolic profile of transition period in ewes and its influence on passive immunity transference in lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:112. [PMID: 36920641 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The intensification of ewe production, focusing on increasing prolificity, results in a higher incidence of metabolic disorders, especially in the transition period, which can lead to production losses with consequences for the health of the animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the metabolic profile in transition period Lacaune ewes according to the parity and litter size born and its influence on the transference of passive immunity. Nineteen Lacaune ewes, with initial mean body weight of 76.36 ± 10.37 kg (SD), kept in a semi-extensive system and receiving the same diet, were used. Ewes were classified according to parity (primiparous and multiparous) and the litter size born at parturition (1, 2, and 3). On days - 14, - 7, and - 4 of the expected date of parturition and on days 1, 4, 7, and 14 days postpartum, blood sampling, the evaluation of the body condition score (BCS), and the weighing of animals were performed. Blood samples were taken from the lambs 48 h after birth. Colostrum was collected up to 6 h postpartum to determine the brix percentage. Serum concentrations of total plasma proteins (TPP), albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), paraoxonase (PON1), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were evaluated. In lambs, the blood parameters evaluated were TPP, albumin, GGT, and PON1. Lamb plasma was used to estimate colostrum efficiency, brix percentage immunity, and total plasma protein (PPT). Productive data, pre- and postpartum metabolic variables for ewes, lambs, and those related to colostrum brix were analyzed. The BCS had a reduction (p < 0.0001) in the postpartum period, which is evidenced on days 7 and 14 (2.88 and 2.73, respectively). Serum concentration of BHB presented the highest concentrations in the prepartum period for ewes that gave birth to triplets, from day - 14, and for ewes that gave birth to twins on day - 4 (p = 0.0245). Serum concentration of NEFA demonstrated the highest value on day 14 in primiparous (1.07; p = 0.0402). Calcium had the lowest concentrations on day 1 (8.85 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) and magnesium on day 3 (1.79 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) postpartum. The multiparous with two lambs had higher brix percentages (30.5%), and the lowest value was observed in primiparous ewes that gave birth to a single lamb (27.06%; p = 0.0395). Triplet lambs had the lowest weight (3.73 kg, p = 0.0007), and the best brix percentage in plasma was observed in twins (10.29%, p = 0.0174). Regardless of the parity, the ewes that presented the greatest metabolic challenge were those that gave birth to triplets, and these lambs presented the worst immunity and the lowest live weight. The quality of colostrum was influenced by the parity, and multiparous ewes that gave birth to triplets had the lowest brix percentage in the colostrum.
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Cardoso JDS, Cardoso Teixeira F, De Mello JE, Soares De Aguiar MS, Souto Oliveira P, Torchelsen Saraiva J, Vizzotto M, Borelli Grecco F, Lencina CL, Spanevello RM, Tavares RG, Stefanello FM, Stefanello FM. Psidium cattleianum fruit extract prevents systemic alterations in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison with metformin effects. Biomarkers 2023; 28:238-248. [PMID: 36576409 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2163695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the role of Psidium cattleianum extract (PCE) and compare its effects with those of metformin (Met) in an animal model with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: T2DM was induced in rats using a high-fat diet (HFD), followed by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ). Met and PCE were administered intragastrically once a day throughout the experiment, and their effects on biochemical, inflammatory, oxidative, and histological parameters were evaluated.Results: Met and PCE prevented the increase in serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced by T2DM, and restored redox homeostasis in the liver and brain. Met increased the serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Furthermore, both treatments restored the liver and pancreas from marked cellular disorganisation, vacuolisation, and necrosis, with PCE being more effective than Met in recovering histological changes.Conclusion: PCE is a promising agent for the prevention of T2DM complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane De Souza Cardoso
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cardoso Teixeira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Julia Eisenhardt De Mello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Soares De Aguiar
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Juliane Torchelsen Saraiva
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcia Vizzotto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Clima Temperado, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Borelli Grecco
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Claiton Leoneti Lencina
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Rejane Giacomelli Tavares
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Centro de Investigação em Biociências e Tecnologias da Saúde (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Feed intake, milk production and metabolism of Holstein, Gyr and Girolando-F1 heifers with high body condition score during the transition period. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:127-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lucca MS, Goularte KL, Rovani MT, Schneider A, Gasperin BG, Lucia Júnior T, Rossi CAR. Paraoxonase 1 activity in the sperm-rich portion of boar ejaculates is positively associated with sperm quality. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20220039. [PMID: 36156884 PMCID: PMC9484396 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations of the activity of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme with boar sperm quality still needs to be characterized, since boar ejaculates present distinct portions with differences in sperm concentration and quality. This study evaluated PON1 activity in the serum, in the distinct portions of boar ejaculates and estimated correlations with sperm quality parameters. Ejaculates and blood samples were collected from six boars for three weeks (two per week per boar; n = 36). Serum and post-spermatic portion PON1 activities were positively correlated (P = 0.01) but were both uncorrelated with the PON1 activity in the sperm-rich portion and in the whole ejaculate (P > 0.05). Differences in PON1 activity among boars were only observed in the sperm-rich portion of the ejaculate (P < 0.05). The PON1 activity in the serum and in the post-spermatic portion was generally negatively correlated with parameters of spermatozoa kinetics (P < 0.05). In the sperm-rich portion, PON1 activity was positively correlated with sperm concentration (P < 0.0001), curvilinear distance and velocity (both P < 0.05) and DNA integrity (P < 0.05), but negatively correlated with straightness and linearity (P < 0.05). Thus, boar ejaculates with increased PON1 activity in the sperm-rich portion may present increased concentration and spermatozoa with acceptable curvilinear velocity and distance and DNA integrity, which suggests that PON1 activity may be a biomarker for potential fertility.
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Zhu K, Browne RW, Blair RH, Bonner MR, Tian M, Niu Z, Deng F, Farhat Z, Mu L. Changes in arachidonic acid (AA)- and linoleic acid (LA)-derived hydroxy metabolites and their interplay with inflammatory biomarkers in response to drastic changes in air pollution exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111401. [PMID: 34089746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Untargeted metabolomics analyses have indicated that fatty acids and their hydroxy derivatives may be important metabolites in the mechanism through which air pollution potentiates diseases. This study aimed to use targeted analysis to investigate how metabolites in arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) pathways respond to short-term changes in air pollution exposure. We further explored how they might interact with markers of antioxidant enzymes and systemic inflammation. METHODS This study included a subset of participants (n = 53) from the Beijing Olympics Air Pollution (BoaP) study in which blood samples were collected before, during, and after the Beijing Olympics. Hydroxy fatty acids were measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Native total fatty acids were measured as fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using gas chromatography. A set of chemokines were measured by ELISA-based chemiluminescent assay and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed by kinetic enzyme assays. Changes in levels of metabolites over the three time points were examined using linear mixed-effects models, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. Pearson correlation and repeated measures correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the relationships of metabolites with levels of serum chemokines and antioxidant enzymes. RESULTS 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) decreased by 50.5% (95% CI: -66.5, -34.5; p < 0.0001) when air pollution dropped during the Olympics and increased by 119.4% (95% CI: 36.4, 202.3; p < 0.0001) when air pollution returned to high levels after the Olympics. In contrast, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) elevated significantly (p = 0.023) during the Olympics and decreased nonsignificantly after the games (p = 0.104). Interleukin 8 (IL-8) correlated with 12-HETE (r = 0.399, BH-adjusted p = 0.004) and 13-HODE (r = 0.342, BH-adjusted p = 0.014) over the three points; it presented a positive and moderate correlation with 12-HETE during the Olympics (r = 0.583, BH-adjusted p = 0.002) and with 13-HODE before the Olympics (r = 0.543, BH-adjusted p = 0.008). CONCLUSION AA- and LA-derived hydroxy metabolites are associated with air pollution and might interact with systemic inflammation in response to air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rachael Hageman Blair
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mingmei Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeinab Farhat
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lina Mu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Butts CD, Bloom MS, McGough A, Lenhart N, Wong R, Mok-Lin E, Parsons PJ, Galusha AL, Browne RW, Yucel RM, Feingold BJ, Fujimoto VY. Toxic elements in follicular fluid adversely influence the likelihood of pregnancy and live birth in women undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod Open 2021; 2021:hoab023. [PMID: 34337160 PMCID: PMC8318822 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are follicular fluid (FF), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) concentrations associated with IVF outcomes among women undergoing IVF? SUMMARY ANSWER There was a non-linear association between higher FF Hg concentration and a lower likelihood of biochemical pregnancy and live birth. Higher FF Pb concentration was also associated with a lower probability of live birth. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Previous research suggests that toxic elements may affect fertility among couples conceiving with and without assistance. However, the results have been inconsistent, possibly related in part to exposure misclassification. Very few studies have used ovarian FF to measure toxic elements, as it requires an invasive collection procedure, yet it may offer a more accurate estimate of a biologically effective dose than blood or urine. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This is a prospective study of 56 women undergoing IVF, from October 2015 to June 2017. FF was collected for analysis on the day of oocyte retrieval. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS As, Cd, Hg and Pb were determined in 197 FF specimens, using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry. FF glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, total glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, arylesterase and paraoxonase (PON1p) activities were measured using kinetic enzyme assays. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Non-linear associations were detected, in which the probabilities of biochemical pregnancy (P = 0.05) and live birth (P = 0.05) were lower in association with FF Hg greater than ∼0.51 µg/l Hg, adjusted for age, race, cigarette smoking and recent seafood consumption. Higher FF Pb was also associated with a lower likelihood of live birth (relative risk (RR) = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.00; P = 0.05). We also found a suggestive, although imprecise, antagonizing mediating effect of PON1p activity on the association between FF Pb and live birth (-28.3%; 95% CI: -358%, 270%). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The results should be interpreted judiciously given the limited sample size and difficulty accounting for correlated data in generalized additive models and mediation analyses. Additionally, women undergoing IVF are highly selected with respect to age and socioeconomic status, and so the generalizability of the results may be limited. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Overall, the results suggest that FF Hg was associated with a lower likelihood of biochemical pregnancy and live birth, with a potential threshold effect, and that higher FF Pb was associated with a lower probability of live birth. These results may help to guide clinical recommendations for limiting the exposure of patients to Hg and Pb and ultimately improve IVF success rates. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was funded in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), grant number 1R56ES023886-01, to the University at Albany (M.S.B.), and in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), grant number 1U2CES026542-01, to the Wadsworth Center (P.J.P.). The authors declare no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste D Butts
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Alexandra McGough
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikolaus Lenhart
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Wong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn Mok-Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Recai M Yucel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Beth J Feingold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Victor Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Longo A, Veiga GB, Cousen MIS, Karpinski C, Schneider A, Weber B, Bertoldi EG, Borges LR, Bertacco RTA. Factors associated to serum paraoxonase 1 activity in patients with cardiovascular disease. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:676-683. [PMID: 33844899 PMCID: PMC10065381 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme that has antioxidant potential, which confers a protective effect against the atherosclerotic process. However, studies associating genetics, dietary patterns and PON1 activity in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of dietary factors on serum PON1 in CVD patients. METHODS Cross-sectional, sub-study of the BALANCE Program Trial. All patients aged 45 years or older and had evidence of established atherosclerotic disease in the preceding 10 years. Body weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose were collected. Food intake was assessed with 24-h dietary recall. Data was analyzed using SAS University Edition and a P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Sample was divided into three groups, according to the PON1 T(-107)C genotype (CC, CT and TT) and serum PON1 activity (Low, Medium, High). RESULTS There were no genotype differences for major factors. However, the systolic blood pressure was lower for CT individuals (p<0.05). Intake of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS) was higher in patients with lower PON1 activity. Lipid ingestion tended to be higher in patients with lower PON1 activity (p=0.08). In the multivariate logistic regression model, SFA intake (P=0.03), genotype (P=0.09), gender (P=0.04), age (P=0.07) and carbohydrate intake (P=0.16) contributed the most to the serum PON1 activity. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, nutritional guidance for these patients becomes essential, since dietary components interact with serum PON1 activity more than genotype.
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Feijó JDO, Londero US, Pizoni C, Alvarado-Rincón JA, Barbosa AA, Schmitt E, Pereira RA, Pino FABD, Corrêa MN. Hemogasometric and biochemical changes caused by diets with high negative cation-anion balance in dairy cows. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v22e-67426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate hemogasometric and metabolic indicators in the first postpartum hours of dairy cows that received different cation-anion diets in the prepartum period. Holstein cows (n=14), multiparous, were divided into two groups: (1) acidogenic diet (DA -27.13 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7) and (2) neutral diet (DN -3.25 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7), provided from 30 days before the expected calving. Urine samples were collected every three days from the beginning of supplementation until the day of delivery for pH verification. Blood samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h postpartum for hemogasometric and biochemical analyses. The animals that received DA presented lower urinary pH. The serum concentration of total calcium, ionized calcium and the incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia did not differ between groups. Animals that received DA presented reduction in blood levels of total plasma proteins, globulins, bicarbonate and blood pH, in addition to increased activity of paraoxone-1 and reduction in the concentration of haptoglobin from animals of DN. In conclusion, we can infer that, anionic diets can alter blood pH, interfere with protein synthesis, and probably improve antioxidant capacity.
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14
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Ramos VP, da Silva PG, Oliveira PS, Bona NP, Soares MSP, Cardoso JDS, Hoffmann JF, Chaves FC, Schneider A, Spanevello RM, Lencina CL, Stefanello FM, Tavares RG. Hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic rich Butia odoratafruit extract: potential involvement of paraoxonase activity. Biomarkers 2020; 25:417-424. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1781261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Plasse Ramos
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Pamela Gonçalves da Silva
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Pathise Souto Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Natália Pontes Bona
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Juliane de Souza Cardoso
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jessica Fernanda Hoffmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fábio Clasen Chaves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Claiton Leoneti Lencina
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rejane Giacomelli Tavares
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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15
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Pollack AZ, Mumford SL, Krall JR, Carmichael A, Andriessen VC, Kannan K, Schisterman EF. Urinary levels of environmental phenols and parabens and antioxidant enzyme activity in the blood of women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109507. [PMID: 32325294 PMCID: PMC7363544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes is one biological mechanism by which environmental and lifestyle exposures affect health outcomes. Yet, no studies have examined the relationship between environmental phenolic compounds and parabens or their mixtures in relation to antioxidant enzyme activity in women of reproductive age. METHODS Sixteen environmental phenols and parabens were measured in urine 2-5 times across two months of follow-up in 143 women aged 18-44 years. Four antioxidant enzymes, erythrocyte and plasma glutathione peroxidase (eGPx, pGPx), glutathione reductase (GSHR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in plasma. Linear mixed models were adjusted for age, body mass index, race, and creatinine and were weighted with inverse probability of exposure weights. Multi-chemical exposures were estimated using hierarchical principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS In line with our hypothesis that environmental phenols and parabens would be associated with decreased antioxidant enzymes, butyl, benzyl, ethyl, and propyl parabens were associated with lower levels of eGPx. Methyl paraben, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,5-dichlorophenol were associated with reduced SOD. 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was associated with increased levels of pGPx and GSHR. Several parabens were associated with modest decreases in eGPx and SOD, biomarkers of antioxidant defense. Increases in pGPx and GSHR were noted in relation to butyl and ethyl parabens. Co-exposures to parabens were associated with decreased eGPx (β = -1.08, 95% CI: -1.74, -0.43) in principal components mixed models, while co-exposure to benzophenones-3 and -1 were associated with increased eGPx (β = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.20, 1.64). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that nonpersistent chemicals altered antioxidant enzyme activity. Further human studies are necessary to delineate the relationship between environmental phenol and paraben exposures with erythrocyte and plasma activities of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Z Pollack
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA.
| | - Sunni L Mumford
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenna R Krall
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Andrea Carmichael
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Victoria C Andriessen
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY, 12201-0509, United States; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, United States
| | - Enrique F Schisterman
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Dogan İ, Erten S, Sahin A, Isıkoglu S, Neselioglu S, Ergin M, Erel O. Comparison of Oxidant and Antioxidant Parameters in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome and Healthy Subjects. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1154-8623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress may have an effect on the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmune rheumatic diseases. We aimed to investigate the serum paraoxonase activity and other oxidant/antioxidant parameters in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and healthy controls.
Methods 85 patients with SS and 65 healthy subjects were included in the study. Groups were age and gender-matched and had no liver disease. Serum paraoxonase (PON)-1 activity, stimulated paraoxonase (SPON), PON-1 phenotypes that represent polymorphism (Q192R; QQ, QR, RR), arylesterase (ARE), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), total thioles (TTL) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured in all study participants.
Results Statistically significant differences were found in the QQ and QR+RR phenotype of PON-1 for TAC, TOS and TTL (p<0.001) between SS and healthy groups. The other parameters were statistically insignificant.
Conclusion Antioxidant parameters were lower in SS patients compared with healthy controls. Conversely, oxidant parameters were higher. This imbalance may play a role in SS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Dogan
- Rheumatology, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukran Erten
- Rheumatology, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Sahin
- Rheumatology, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Semra Isıkoglu
- Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Ergin
- Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Luz G, Maffi A, Xavier E, Correa M, Gasperin B, Brauner C. Induction of lactation in dairy heifers: milk production, inflammatory and metabolic aspects. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic, inflammatory, and hepatic aspects, as well as the milk yield in heifers submitted to protocol for induction of lactation compared to primiparous cows. Sixty Holstein heifers were selected and enrolled into two groups: Control (n= 30), pregnant heifers and Induction heifers (n= 30), non-pregnant femeales, submitted to a lactation induction protocol. Blood samples were collected at: pre-lactation period (weeks -3, -2 and -1) and post-lactation period (weeks 1, 2 and 3), aiming to evaluate glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, paraoxonase-1, albumin, ALT, GGT and cortisol. The protocol efficiently induced lactation in all the heifers, which produced 74.54% of the total production of milk from primiparous cows. In the pre-lactation period, induced animals presented higher concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids than the Control heifers, and the opposite was observed in the post lactation period. In both moments albumin and ALT were lower in the Induction group, and paraoxonase-1 activity and GGT concentrations were higher, compared to the Control. Thus, lactation induction protocol is efficient to initiate milk production in dairy heifers with no considerable changes in energetic, metabolic and hepatic profile when compared to heifers in physiological lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.B. Luz
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
| | - A.S. Maffi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
| | - E.G. Xavier
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Granjas 4 Irmãos, Brazil
| | - M.N. Correa
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - C.C. Brauner
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
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18
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Bosak A, Bavec A, Konte T, Šinko G, Kovarik Z, Goličnik M. Interactions of Paraoxonase-1 with Pharmacologically Relevant Carbamates. Molecules 2020; 25:E211. [PMID: 31947900 PMCID: PMC6983073 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian paraoxonase-1 hydrolyses a very broad spectrum of esters such as certain drugs and xenobiotics. The aim of this study was to determine whether carbamates influence the activity of recombinant PON1 (rePON1). Carbamates were selected having a variety of applications: bambuterol and physostigmine are drugs, carbofuran is used as a pesticide, while Ro 02-0683 is diagnostic reagent. All the selected carbamates reduced the arylesterase activity of rePON1 towards the substrate S-phenyl thioacetate (PTA). Inhibition dissociation constants (Ki), evaluated by both discontinuous and continuous inhibition measurements (progress curves), were similar and in the mM range. The rePON1 displayed almost the same values of Ki constants for Ro 02-0683 and physostigmine while, for carbofuran and bambuterol, the values were approximately ten times lower and two times higher, respectively. The affinity of rePON1 towards the tested carbamates was about 3-40 times lower than that of PTA. Molecular modelling of rePON1-carbamate complexes suggested non-covalent interactions with residues of the rePON1 active site that could lead to competitive inhibition of its arylesterase activity. In conclusion, carbamates can reduce the level of PON1 activity, which should be kept in mind, especially in medical conditions characterized by reduced PON1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bosak
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.K.)
| | - Aljoša Bavec
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Tilen Konte
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Goran Šinko
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.K.)
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Z.K.)
| | - Marko Goličnik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.B.); (T.K.)
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Aboufarrag HT, Needs PW, Rimbach G, Kroon PA. The Effects of Anthocyanins and Their Microbial Metabolites on the Expression and Enzyme Activities of Paraoxonase 1, an Important Marker of HDL Function. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122872. [PMID: 31771252 PMCID: PMC6950676 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High circulating HDL concentrations and measures of various HDL functions are inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) contributes to many of the athero-protective functions of HDL, such as promoting the reverse cholesterol transport process and reducing the levels of oxidized LDL. PON1 activities are influenced by several factors, the most important being diet and genetic polymorphisms. Reported data from randomized controlled trials have shown that anthocyanin consumption increased PON1 activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which anthocyanins increase PON1 activity are not understood. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the ability of anthocyanins and their metabolites to increase PON1 gene expression and/or enzyme activities as potential mechanisms. The effect of the two predominant dietary anthocyanins and 18 of their recently identified microbial metabolites including their phase-II conjugates on PON1 gene expression was studied using a PON1-Huh7 stably-transfected cell line and reporter gene assay. The effects of these compounds on PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activities were investigated using two isoforms of the PON1 enzyme that are the phenotypes of the 192Q/R polymorphism. None of the compounds caused even modest changes in PON1 promoter activity (p ≥ 0.05). Further, none of the compounds at physiological concentrations caused any significant changes in the arylesterase or lactonase activity of either of the iso-enzymes. Cyanidin reduced the lactonase activity of the PON1-R192R enzyme at high concentrations (−22%, p < 0.001), but not at physiologically achievable concentrations. In conclusion, none of the data reported here support the notion that anthocyanins or their metabolites affect PON1 transactivation or enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan T. Aboufarrag
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 23511, Egypt
| | - Paul W. Needs
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Paul A. Kroon
- Food Innovation & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UA, UK; (H.T.A.); (P.W.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Nedić S, Vakanjac S, Samardžija M, Borozan S. Paraoxonase 1 in bovine milk and blood as marker of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:323-332. [PMID: 31352281 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine serum lipid values and parameters of oxidative stress in blood and milk of cows with subclinical mastitis (SCM) caused by Staphylococcus aureus and to establish association between these parameters. The study was performed on total of 104 cows assigned into control group of healthy animals (n = 12) and two groups of cows with SCM, either SCM1 group (n = 37) with ˂ 1000 CFU/mL of S. aureus or SCM2 group (n = 55) with ≥1000 CFU/mL of causative agent in milk. Significantly lower serum concentrations of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) in SCM2 group and higher low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in both SCM groups were recorded. Significantly lower paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and higher lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) concentration in blood and milk were recorded in both groups of SCM cows vs control. In blood serum of cows from SCM2 group significantly higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but significantly lower total antioxidative capacity (TAC) were obtained. In milk serum of SCM cows were detected significantly higher concentrations of H2O2 and MDA, but significantly lower TAC vs control. There was a significant positive correlation between PON1 in serum with HDLC, but negative correlation with LDL-C and LOOH. In milk, PON1 negatively correlated with LOOH and somatic cell counts (SCC). Strong positive correlation was obtained between PON1 in blood and milk. Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction induced by SCM significantly lowered PON1 activity in blood and milk of affected cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nedić
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Vakanjac
- Department of Reproduction, Fertility and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Samardžija
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Serum choline and butyrylcholinesterase changes in response to endotoxin in calves receiving intravenous choline administration. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:290-297. [PMID: 31349186 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxemia treatment options are still of interest due to high mortality and choline treatment is one of them because of its role in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. This study investigated serum choline and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) responses, and their correlations with inflammatory, oxidative stress and tissue damage biomarkers, including paraoxanase-1 (PON1), and clinical signs in calves with endotoxemia and the effect of choline treatment in these responses. Healthy calves (n = 20) were divided equally into 4 groups: Control (0.9% NaCl, iv), Choline (C; 1 mg/kg/iv,once), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 2 μg/kg/iv,once) and LPS + C. Clinical and laboratory examinations were performed before and 0.5-48 h (hrs) after treatments. Following LPS administration, serum choline level increased at 0.5-24 h (P < .01), whereas serum BChE and PON1 level decreased at 48 h (P < .01) compared to their baselines. In LPS + C group, the increase in serum choline level was significantly higher (P < .01) than that of C and LPS groups. LPS did not decrease serum BChE levels significantly in calves treated with choline. Serum choline and BChE results correlated negatively with white blood cell count and positively (P < .001) with PON1 levels, oxidative stress index, inflammation and hepato-muscular injury markers. In conclusion serum choline and BChE may have a role in the pathophysiology of endotoxemia in calves. High serum choline concentration is associated with an improvement in response to LPS administration in calves treated with choline, probably by preventing the imbalances between oxidative stress and anti-oxidant capacity, preventing the serum BChE and PON1 decreases, and inhibition/attenuation of acute phase reaction and hepato-muscular injury in calves with endotoxemia.
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22
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Ritta MC, Baldez AM, de Oliveira IO, Garcia DN, Souza PS, Andrade KRDS, Valle SC, Pieniz S, Barros CC, Masternak MM, Schneider A. Paraoxonase 1 serum activity in women: the effects of menopause, the C(-107)T polymorphism and food intake. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:272-279. [PMID: 31038597 PMCID: PMC10522199 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate changes in serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity in women at the pre and postmenopausal stages and its association with the PON1 C(-107)T polymorphism and food intake profile. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study with female patients aged between 35 and 59 years old was conducted. Women were divided into two groups: premenopausal (n = 40) and postmenopausal (n = 36). Women enrolled in the study had serum PON1, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, glucose and HbA1c, as well as the BMI measured. Additionally, women were genotyped for the PON1 T(-107)C polymorphism and the food intake profile was obtained through interview. RESULTS Glucose (p = 0.03), HbA1c (p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (p = 0.002)concentrations were higher in post than premenopausal women, however PON1 activity was not different (p > 0.05). Carriers of the C allele had higher PON1 activity (CC: 88.9 ± 6.5 U/mL and CT: 79.9 ± 4.7 U/mL) than women of the TT genotype (66.6 ± 5.9 U/mL) (p < 0.05). However, the model predicting PON1 activity was slightly better when genotype, total fat and cholesterol content in the diet were all included. CONCLUSION In sum, we observed that the PON1 C(-107)T genotype was the major regulator of PON1 activity, and menopause had no effect on PON1 activity. The lipid and glycemic profile were altered in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauren Castro Ritta
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Aline Marques Baldez
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Isabel Oliveira de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de PelotasInstituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilInstituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Driele Neske Garcia
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Paola Spiering Souza
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Kelvin Ruan da Silva Andrade
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Sandra Costa Valle
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Simone Pieniz
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- University of Central FloridaCollege of MedicineBurnett School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSACollege of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryGreater Poland Cancer CentrePoznanPolandDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de PelotasPelotasRSBrasilFaculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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23
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Antunes MM, Londero US, Pizoni C, Feijó JDO, Prietsch RDF, Barbosa SC, Primel EG, Hertzog GI, Pereira RA, Rincón JAA, Del Pino FAB, Rabassa VR, Corrêa MN. Hemogasometry, metabolic profile and acute-phase proteins in primiparous Holstein cows supplemented with butafosfana associated or not of cyanocobalamin. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1606676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Moreira Antunes
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Uriel Secco Londero
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Camila Pizoni
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Josiane de Oliveira Feijó
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rafael da Fonseca Prietsch
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Sergiane Caldas Barbosa
- Post-graduate Program in Technological and Environmental Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Analysis of Organic Compounds and Metals, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- Post-graduate Program in Technological and Environmental Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Analysis of Organic Compounds and Metals, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ianzer Hertzog
- Post-graduate Program in Technological and Environmental Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Food, Laboratory of Analysis of Organic Compounds and Metals, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Rubens Alves Pereira
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Viviane Rohrig Rabassa
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcio Nunes Corrêa
- Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Silveira PAS, Butler WR, LaCount SE, Overton TR, Barros CC, Schneider A. Polymorphisms in the anti-oxidant paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene associated with fertility of postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 125:302-309. [PMID: 30504072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a negative acute phase plasma protein synthesized by the liver that has anti-oxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PON1 promoter region with plasma PON1 activity and fertility in Holstein dairy cows. Sixty-eighty Holstein cows were used in this initial investigative study. Blood samples were collected weekly beginning 28 days prior to expected calving, twice weekly in week 1 and 2 postpartum, and then once weekly through 6 weeks postpartum for plasma PON1 activity analysis. Cows were synchronized for ovulation and timed AI at 63-70 DIM using an Ovsynch program. Pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed by rectal palpation and reproductive performance data was recorded until 210 DIM. DNA was extracted from blood of each cow and a fragment of proximal PON1 gene promoter was sequenced. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the promoter region of the PON1 gene at positions -22, -105, -176, -221, -392, -611 and -676, six of which were significantly associated with plasma PON1 activity level. The SNPs -221 and -392 were significantly associated with both plasma PON1 activity and the calving to conception interval (P < 0.05) with no significant effect on calving to first ovulation interval. In conclusion, the genotypes associated with higher plasma PON1 activity in SNP locations -221 and -392 were also associated with a reduced calving to conception interval in this study set of cows. These SNPs may provide novel genetic markers for improved fertility in future larger studies in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W R Butler
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - S E LaCount
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - T R Overton
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Kegles F, Madruga OC, Schmoeller E, Bragança LF, Londero US, Marins L, Feijó JO, Corrêa MN, Schmitt E, Del Pino FAB. Hematological and biochemical parameters of dairy calves submitted to pegbovigrastim administration. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:547-556. [PMID: 30527989 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the response of hematological and biochemical parameters submitted to pegbovigrastim administration and postchallenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In experiment 1, 20 newborn Holstein calves were divided into 2 groups: the Imrestor (Elanco Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil) group (IMR, n = 10), which received a 25 μg/kg of body weight (BW) subcutaneous administration of pegbovigrastim, and the control group (CTR, n = 10), which received a subcutaneous administration of 0.9% saline solution. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 10, 12, and 14 relative to birth to analyze the biochemical and hematological parameters. Moreover, growth measurements were taken on d 0, 7, 14, 21, and 60 relative to birth. The number of total leukocytes in the IMR group increased on d 12 and 14 in comparison to the CTR group, as well as the counts of segmented neutrophils, band cells, and monocytes. No differences were observed in the other hematological, biochemical, and growth parameters. In experiment 2, 20 Holstein calves from 30 to 60 d old were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (LPS, n = 5) received a 0.25 μg/kg of BW single intravenous dose of Escherichia coli LPS at d 0; group 2 (IMR, n = 5) received a 25 μg/kg of BW subcutaneous dose of pegbovigrastim at d 1; group 3 (IMR + LPS, n = 5) received a 0.25 μg/kg of BW intravenous LPS dose at d 0 and a 25 μg/kg of BW subcutaneous dose of pegbovigrastim at d 1; and group 4 (CTR, n = 5) received an intravenous dose of 0.9% sodium chloride at d 0 and a subcutaneous dose of 0.9% sodium chloride at d 1. For the analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters, blood samples were collected on d -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 14, and 21 relative to LPS administration. An increase in the number of total leukocytes was observed in the IMR, IMR + LPS, and LPS groups, and the IMR group remained as the highest from d 2 to 21. The levels of paraoxonase 1 were higher in the IMR group compared with all the others. The administration of pegbovigrastim in the dairy calves increased the number of circulating leukocytes, especially neutrophils, with an increase in paraoxonase 1, without altering the metabolites for the hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kegles
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - O C Madruga
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - E Schmoeller
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - L F Bragança
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - U S Londero
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - L Marins
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - J O Feijó
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - M N Corrêa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - E Schmitt
- Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Pecuária, Livestock Research, Education and Extension Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - F A B Del Pino
- Centro de Ciências Químicas Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil.
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Evaluation of Association Between Q192R and L55M Genetic Polymorphisms of PON1 and Serum Paraoxonase-1 Activity in Healthy Individuals, a Meta-Analysis. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES NUTRITION AND METABOLIC DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/rjdnmd-2018-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aims: Several studies have reported the alteration of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activity in various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. The Q192R and L55M are two genetic variations in the coding region of PON1. To evaluate the relationship between these polymorphisms and the alteration in serum paraoxonase activity, the present meta-analysis was carried out. Material and Methods: Eligible studies published before October 2017 was identified in several databases. The paraoxonase activity in subjects with variant alleles of the study polymorphisms were normalized using the activity of the QQ or LL genotypes. The pooled mean effect of alterations in activity level and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was calculated. Results: Thirty-two studies including 11532 healthy participants were used for the present meta-analysis. The paraoxonase activity was increased in the QR and RR genotypes. This elevation was greater among Caucasians than those among Asians and Africans. The activity in the LM and MM genotypes compared with the LL genotype were decreased, this reduction in Caucasians was greater than Africans. Conclusions: At least in part other PON1 polymorphisms and environmental factors may accounts for heterogeneity between studies.
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Dadachanji R, Shaikh N, Patil A, Shah N, Mukherjee S. PON1 promoter polymorphisms contribute to PCOS susceptibility and phenotypic outcomes in Indian women. Gene 2018; 661:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Update on the laboratory investigation of dyslipidemias. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 479:103-125. [PMID: 29336935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of the clinical laboratory is evolving to provide more information to clinicians to assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and target therapy more effectively. Current routine methods to measure LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), the Friedewald calculation, ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis and homogeneous direct methods have established limitations. Studies suggest that LDL and HDL size or particle concentration are alternative methods to predict future CVD risk. At this time there is no consensus role for lipoprotein particle or subclasses in CVD risk assessment. LDL and HDL particle concentration are measured by several methods, namely gradient gel electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation-vertical auto profile, nuclear magnetic resonance and ion mobility. It has been suggested that HDL functional assays may be better predictors of CVD risk. To assess the issue of lipoprotein subclasses/particles and HDL function as potential CVD risk markers robust, simple, validated analytical methods are required. In patients with small dense LDL particles, even a perfect measure of LDL-C will not reflect LDL particle concentration. Non-HDL-C is an alternative measurement and includes VLDL and CM remnant cholesterol and LDL-C. However, apolipoprotein B measurement may more accurately reflect LDL particle numbers. Non-fasting lipid measurements have many practical advantages. Defining thresholds for treatment with new measurements of CVD risk remain a challenge. In families with genetic variants, ApoCIII and lipoprotein (a) may be additional risk factors. Recognition of familial causes of dyslipidemias and diagnosis in childhood will result in early treatment. This review discusses the limitations in current laboratory technologies to predict CVD risk and reviews the evidence for emergent approaches using newer biomarkers in clinical practice.
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Oliveira F, Haas C, Ferreira C, Goularte K, Pegoraro L, Gasperin B, Schneider A, Mondadori R, Lucia T, Vieira A. Inflammatory markers in ewes submitted to surgical or transcervical embryo collection. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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30
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Effect of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity on follicular development and pregnancy rate in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 188:130-136. [PMID: 29175178 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity has been associated with improvement in ovarian function in early postpartum dairy cows and improved in vitro embryo development. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential association among PON1 activity and follicular growth, diameter of the preovulatory follicle and pregnancy per artificial insemination (AI) service in cattle. In Experiment 1, cows (n=33) were subjected to an estradiol-progesterone based protocol to control time of ovulation. Starting on Day 8 of the protocol, follicular growth and serum PON1 activity were monitored. Cows were separated according to the occurrence of ovulation into two groups: Ovulatory (Ov; n=22) and Anovulatory (Anov; n=11). The serum activity of PON1 was not different between Ov and Anov cows (P=0.94). In addition, using a regression model there was no effect of serum PON1 activity on the diameter of dominant follicle (r2=0.00; P=0.99). In Experiment 2, cows (n=193) were submitted to the same hormonal protocol as in Experiment 1. On the day of the timed artificial insemination (TAI), the diameter of dominant follicle was evaluated and blood samples were collected for analysis of PON1 activity. According to the serum PON1 activity, cows were divided into three groups: Low (<70U/mL), Medium (70-90U/mL) or High (>90U/mL) PON1 activity. The overall pregnancy rate was 62.7% (121/193), with no difference among PON1 activity groups. Additionally, using a regression model there was no effect of serum PON1 activity on the diameter of the preovulatory follicle (r2=0.03; P=0.65) and pregnancy rate (r2=0.005; P=0.94). The results of this study indicate that there is no effect of serum PON1 activity on the diameter of preovulatory follicle or establishment of pregnancy in cows submitted to time of ovulation synchronization protocols.
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31
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Ferreira CER, Haas CS, Goularte KL, Rovani MT, Cardoso FF, Schneider A, Gasperin BG, Lucia T. Expression of paraoxonase types 1, 2 and 3 in reproductive tissues and activity of paraoxonase type 1 in the serum and seminal plasma of bulls. Andrologia 2017; 50. [PMID: 29143963 DOI: 10.1111/and.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraoxonases types 1, 2 and 3 (PON1, PON2 and PON3, respectively) are enzymes that degrade lipid peroxides, preventing oxidative damages relevant for male reproductive function. This study determined the expression of those three paraoxonases in reproductive tissues of bulls and evaluated correlations among the activity of PON1 in the serum and seminal plasma with breeding soundness parameters in bulls. The expression of PON1, PON2 and PON3 was characterised by RT-PCR in samples of testicular parenchyma, vesicular glands and epididymis collected from three slaughtered bulls. All three paraoxonases were expressed in the testicular parenchyma, PON2 and PON3 were both expressed in the epididymis head and PON3 was also expressed in the epididymis tail. The PON1 activity was determined in samples of serum and seminal plasma from 110 bulls submitted to breeding soundness evaluation. There was a strong correlation (r = .90) between the activity of the PON1 in both serum and seminal plasma (p < .0001). The PON1 activity in the seminal plasma was positively correlated with ejaculate's colour, sperm mass activity (p = .04), motility, vigour and viability (all p < .01). Thus, PON1 may be a potential marker for sperm motility and viability in bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E R Ferreira
- ReproPEl, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - C S Haas
- ReproPEl, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - K L Goularte
- ReproPEl, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - M T Rovani
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | | | - A Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - B G Gasperin
- ReproPEl, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - T Lucia
- ReproPEl, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
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32
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Kim K, Bloom MS, Fujimoto VY, Browne RW. Associations between PON1 enzyme activities in human ovarian follicular fluid and serum specimens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172193. [PMID: 28196109 PMCID: PMC5308615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle components to reproduction is increasingly recognized, including the constituent paraoxonase 1 (PON1). However, the reliability characteristics of PON1 enzymes in ovarian follicular fluid (FF) as biomarkers for clinical and epidemiologic studies have not been described. Therefore, we characterized PON1 enzymes in FF and serum and assessed the impact of the PON1 Q192R polymorphism on associations between enzyme activities in two compartments. We also evaluated associations between HDL particle size and enzyme activities. We collected FF and serum from 171 women undergoing in vitro fertilization. PON1 activities were measured as paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, and HDL particle size was determined by 1H NMR spectrometry. Reliability indices for PON1 activities were characterized and we evaluated HDL particle sizes as predictors of PON1 enzyme activities. We found that PON1 enzyme activities were correlated between compartments, but higher in serum than in FF. For FF, the index of individuality (II) was low and the coefficient of variation (CV%) was high for paraoxonase activity overall (0.12 and 11.51%, respectively). However, IIs increased (0.33–1.30) and CV%s decreased (5.58%-8.52%) when stratified by PON1 Q192R phenotype. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for FF paraoxonase activity was high overall (0.89) but decreased when stratified by PON1 Q192R phenotype (0.43–0.75). We found similar, although more modest, patterns for FF arylesterase activity. For enzyme activities in serum, ICCs were close to 1.00 across all phenotypes. Additionally, different HDL particle sizes predicted PON1 enzyme activities according to PON1 Q192R phenotype. Overall, stratification by PON1 Q192R phenotype improved the reliability characteristics of FF PON1 enzymes as biomarkers for use in clinical investigations but diminished usefulness for epidemiologic studies. Thus, we recommend stratification by PON1 Q192R phenotype for clinical but not epidemiologic investigations, when employing FF PON1 enzyme activity biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keewan Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Victor Y. Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Richard W. Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
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33
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Oliveira FC, Ferreira CER, Haas CS, Oliveira LG, Mondadori RG, Schneider A, Rovani MT, Gonçalves PBD, Vieira AD, Gasperin BG, Lucia T. Chemical castration in cattle with intratesticular injection of sodium chloride: Effects on stress and inflammatory markers. Theriogenology 2016; 90:114-119. [PMID: 28166957 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Intratesticular injection (ITI) of sodium chloride (NaCl) is efficient for chemical castration of young calves, but its effects on calves welfare are unknown. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of ITI of 20% NaCl on stress and inflammatory markers in calves less than 20 days old and to assess the efficiency of ITI of 30% NaCl in 5 months old calves. In Experiment 1, control calves were only restrained and compared to calves submitted to castration through surgery (SC) and ITI with 20% NaCl (n = 9/group). No differences were observed for the eye corner temperature measured by thermography from 60 s before to 60 s after the procedures (P > 0.05). In the SC group, acute serum cortisol levels increased at 30 and 60 min after the procedure, but increased levels in the ITI group occurred only at 30 min (P < 0.05). Chronic discomfort markers were measured at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after the procedures (D0, D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively). The serum levels of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme and cortisol did not differ among groups (P > 0.05). Scrotal temperature was higher at D1 in the SC group than for the other groups, but lowest at D4 compared to the control (both P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, histological sections of testes were compared after ITI with either 30% NaCl or 30% calcium chloride (CaCl2), to intact calves (control). After 60 days, intact seminiferous tubules and mediastinum were observed after ITI with 30% NaCl, whereas coagulative necrosis, inflammatory infiltration and calcification occurred after ITI with 30% CaCl2. Efficient chemical castration through ITI of 20% NaCl in young calves was followed by slight stress and inflammatory responses compared to surgical castration. However, ITI of 30% NaCl was ineffective for chemical castration of 5 months old calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando C Oliveira
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos E R Ferreira
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina S Haas
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo G Oliveira
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Mondadori
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Monique T Rovani
- Biorep, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo B D Gonçalves
- Biorep, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo D Vieira
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo G Gasperin
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Thomaz Lucia
- ReproPel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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34
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Kim K, Bloom MS, Browne RW, Bell EM, Yucel RM, Fujimoto VY. Associations between follicular fluid high density lipoprotein particle components and embryo quality among in vitro fertilization patients. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 34:1-10. [PMID: 27900613 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Follicular redox balance is likely to be important for embryo quality during in vitro fertilization (IVF), and the anti-oxidative high desity lipoprotein (HDL) particle is the sole lipoprotein measured in follicular fluid (FF). Therefore, we investigated FF HDL particle components as predictors of embryo quality during IVF. METHODS Two research follicles collected from each participant were individually tracked, and 103 women having at least one developed embryo were included in the analysis. Concentrations of 15 non-cholesterol HDL particle components and 26 HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) particle size subfractions were determined. Embryo quality was assessed for embryo cell number, embryo fragmentation, and embryo symmetry. Multivariable Poisson regression with a sandwich variance estimator was used to evaluate associations between HDL particle components and embryo quality, adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Higher γ-tocopherol concentration was associated with less embryo fragmentation (relative risk [RR] = 4.43; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.78, 11.06), and higher apolipoprotein A-1 concentration was associated with full embryo symmetry (RR = 3.92; 95 % CI 1.56, 9.90). Higher concentrations of HDL-C subfractions in the large and medium particle size ranges were associated with poorer embryo quality. CONCLUSIONS FF HDL lipophilic micronutrients and protein components, as well as HDL-C particle size, may be important predictors of embryo quality during IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - M S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA. .,School of Public Health Rm. #149, One University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
| | - R W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - E M Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - R M Yucel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - V Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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35
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de Campos FT, Rincon JAA, Acosta DAV, Silveira PAS, Pradieé J, Corrêa MN, Gasperin BG, Pfeifer LFM, Barros CC, Pegoraro LMC, Schneider A. The acute effect of intravenous lipopolysaccharide injection on serum and intrafollicular HDL components and gene expression in granulosa cells of the bovine dominant follicle. Theriogenology 2016; 89:244-249. [PMID: 28043358 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an acute systemic inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) components, hormone concentrations and granulosa cell gene expression. For this purpose, twenty non-lactating Jersey dairy cows were submitted to a progesterone (P4) - estradiol (E2) based synchronization protocol. Cows received a single i.v. dose of LPS (2.5 μg/kg of body weight) or saline solution (CTL Group) 2 h after P4 insert removal. Blood, granulosa cells and FF samples were collected six hours after LPS injection. Five hours after LPS injection rectal temperature was increased in LPS (P < 0.0001, 40.4 ± 0.1 °C) compared to the CTL cows (38.8 ± 0.1 °C). Serum PON1 activity was reduced by LPS injection (130.2 ± 5.1 vs. 99.6 ± 3.3 U/mL; P < 0.001), as well as HDL-cholesterol concentrations (70.3 ± 5.3 vs. 50.1 ± 6.2 mg/dL; P < 0.05). The FF E2 and P4 concentrations were not different between groups (P > 0.05). The PON1 activity in the FF was also decreased by LPS injection (P = 0.01). In comparison to CTL group, cows injected with LPS had a ten fold reduction in STAR, TLR4 and TNF mRNA expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, an intravenous LPS challenge in cows induced an acute systemic inflammatory response reducing HDL and its components in serum but not in the FF. Only PON1 activity serum reduction was reflected in the FF in the short term. Additionally, steroidogenic and inflammatory genes had reduced expression in the granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Terres de Campos
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary College, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jorgea Pradieé
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcio Nunes Corrêa
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Veterinary College, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Schneider
- Department of Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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36
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Rincón JAA, Madeira EM, Campos FT, Mion B, Silva JF, Absalón-Medina VA, Butler WR, Corrêa MN, Pegoraro LMC, Schneider A. Exogenous paraoxonase-1 during oocyte maturation improves bovine embryo development in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:827-30. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JAA Rincón
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - EM Madeira
- Department of Pathology; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - FT Campos
- Department of Pathology; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - B Mion
- Department of Pathology; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - JF Silva
- Department of Pathology; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - VA Absalón-Medina
- Department of Clinical Studies Section of Reproduction and Behavior; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania New Bolton Center; Kennett Square PA USA
| | - WR Butler
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - MN Corrêa
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; Veterinary College; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
| | - LMC Pegoraro
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Clima Temperado; Pelotas Brazil
| | - A Schneider
- Department of Nutrition; College of Nutrition; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas Brazil
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Differential effects of a high-fat diet on serum lipid parameters and ovarian gene expression in young and aged female mice. ZYGOTE 2016; 24:676-83. [PMID: 26883034 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199415000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare serum lipid profiles and ovarian gene expression between aged and younger female mice fed a control or a high-fat diet for 2 months. For this 16 female mice (C57BL/6) of 4 months (Young, n = 8) or 13 months (Old, n = 8) of age were used. The females were divided into four groups: (i) young females fed a normal diet; (ii) young females fed a high-fat diet; (iii) old females fed a normal diet; and (iv) old females fed a high-fat diet. Food intake was reduced (P < 0.05) in mice fed with a high-fat (2.9 ± 0.1 g) diet in comparison with control mice (3.9 ± 0.1 g). Body weight was higher for old females on the high-fat diet (35.1 ± 0.3 g) than for young females on the same diet (23.3 ± 0.4 g; P < 0.05). PON1 activity was lower in the high-fat than control diet group (114.3 ± 5.8 vs. 78.1 ± 6.0 kU/L, respectively) and was higher in older than younger females (85.9 ± 6.4 vs. 106.5 ± 5.3; P < 0.05, respectively). Females fed a high-fat diet had lower expression of Igf1 mRNA (P = 0.04). There was an interaction between age and diet for the expression of Gdf9 and Survivin, with lower expression in older females in both diets and young females that received the high-fat diet (P < 0.05). Concluding, the high-fat diet reduced the expression of ovarian Igf1 mRNA, and Gdf9 and Survivin mRNA in younger females, which can indicate lower fertility rates. High-density lipoprotein concentration and PON1 activity were higher in aged female mice.
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38
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Kim K, Bloom MS, Fujimoto VY, Bell EM, Yucel RM, Browne RW. Variability in follicular fluid high density lipoprotein particle components measured in ipsilateral follicles. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:423-430. [PMID: 26758460 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0648-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the biological variability of follicular fluid (FF) high density lipoprotein (HDL) particle components measured in ipsilateral ovarian follicles. METHODS We collected FF from two ipsilateral follicles among six women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). We measured concentrations of 19 FF HDL particle components, including HDL cholesterol, free cholesterol, four cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, triglycerides, paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 (ApoA-1 and ApoA-2), and seven lipophilic micronutrients, by automated analysis and with high-performance liquid chromatography. We assessed biological variability using two-stage nested analysis of variance and compared values with those previously published for contralateral follicles. RESULTS For most FF HDL analytes, there was little variability between follicles relative to the variability between women (i.e., %σ(2) F:%σ(2) B <0.5). Intraclass correlation coefficients were >0.80 for HDL cholesterol (0.82), phospholipids (0.89), paraoxonase (0.96), and arylesterase (0.91) activities, ApoA-1 (0.89), and ApoA-2 (0.90), and single specimen collections were required to estimate the subject-specific mean, demonstrating sufficient reliability for use as biomarkers of the follicular microenvironment in epidemiologic and clinical studies. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results raise the possibility for tighter regulation of HDL in follicles within the same ovary vs. between ovaries. Thus, collection of a single FF specimen may be sufficient to estimate HDL particle components concentrations within a single ovary. However, our results should be interpreted with caution as the analysis was based on a small sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keewan Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, School of Public Health Rm. #157, One University Place, Rensselaer, 12144, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, School of Public Health Rm. #157, One University Place, Rensselaer, 12144, NY, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
| | - Victor Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, School of Public Health Rm. #157, One University Place, Rensselaer, 12144, NY, USA
| | - Recai M Yucel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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39
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Santos FG, Becker MK, Corrêa VS, Garcia DN, Vale SC, Crespo-Ribeiro JA, Barros CC, Schneider A. The effect of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) T(−107)C polymorphism on serum PON1 activity in women is dependent on fatty acid intake. Nutr Res 2016; 36:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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40
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Meaney E, Sierra-Vargas P, Meaney A, Guzmán-Grenfell M, Ramírez-Sánchez I, Hicks JJ, Olivares-Corichi I, Ceballos G. Erratum to "Does Metformin Increase Paraoxonase Activity in Patients with the Metabolic Syndrome? Additional Data from the MEFISTO Study". Clin Transl Sci 2015; 8:873. [PMID: 31283806 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2012.00391.x.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Meaney
- Cardiovascular UnitRegional Hospital "1o de Octubre"ISSSTEMexico CityMexico.,Postgraduate Studies and Research SectionSuperior School of MedicineNational Polytechnique InstituteMexico CityMexico
| | | | - Alejandra Meaney
- Postgraduate Studies and Research SectionSuperior School of MedicineNational Polytechnique InstituteMexico CityMexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Guillermo Ceballos
- Cardiovascular UnitRegional Hospital "1o de Octubre"ISSSTEMexico CityMexico
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Fellows K, Uher T, Browne RW, Weinstock-Guttman B, Horakova D, Posova H, Vaneckova M, Seidl Z, Krasensky J, Tyblova M, Havrdova E, Zivadinov R, Ramanathan M. Protective associations of HDL with blood-brain barrier injury in multiple sclerosis patients. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2010-8. [PMID: 26243484 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the associations of serum cholesterol and apolipoproteins with measures of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and CNS inflammation following the first clinical demyelinating event. This study included 154 patients [67% female; age, 29.5 ± 8.2 years (mean ± SD)] enrolled in a multi-center study of interferon β1-a treatment following the first demyelinating event. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were obtained at screening prior to treatment. A comprehensive serum lipid profile and multiple surrogate markers of BBB breakdown and CNS immune activity were obtained. Higher levels of serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and ApoA-I were associated with lower CSF total protein level, CSF albumin level, albumin quotient, and CSF IgG level (all P ≤ 0.001 for HDL-C and all P < 0.01 for ApoA-I). HDL-C was also associated with CSF CD80+ (P < 0.001) and with CSF CD80+CD19+ (P = 0.007) cell frequencies. Higher serum HDL is associated with lower levels of BBB injury and decreased CD80+ and CD80+CD19+ cell extravasation into the CSF. HDL may potentially inhibit the initiation and/or maintenance of pathogenic BBB injury following the first demyelinating event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Fellows
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Tomas Uher
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Richard W Browne
- Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Dana Horakova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Posova
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Manuela Vaneckova
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Seidl
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krasensky
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Tyblova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Havrdova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Murali Ramanathan
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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Determination of Biological Variance and Validation of a Fluorometric Assay for Measurement of α-l-Iduronidase Activity in Dried Blood Spots Samples: The First Experience in Iran. Indian J Clin Biochem 2015; 30:318-22. [PMID: 26089619 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-014-0444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Methods for assaying lysosomal diseases in dried blood samples are very useful today due to its several advantages related to the stability of samples, its transportation, handled and analysis, and its potential use for newborn screening compared to traditional methods in leucocytes samples. For this reason, it is important to validate these assays before being used in routine laboratory. Because of different in biological markers based on ethnicity, we aimed this study to validation a DBS-based fluorometric assay for measurement of α-l-Iduronidase activity for diagnosis of MPS I patients in Iran. DBS samples were collected from 15 MPS I patients and 60 healthy age matched subjects. Diagnostic value, biological variance and α-l-Iduronidase activity were determined. DBS α-l-Iduronidase activity was significantly higher in male subjects than in female group. Using a cut-off level of 1.08 µmol/spot 20 h, sensitivity and specificity were 100 and 98 %. The linearity of test was proved and we showed that within-run and between run precision were 5.6 and 14.66 %. Measurement of α-l-Iduronidase activity in DBS samples is an accurate test for diagnosis of MPS I and because of its rapid shipping and simplicity to keeping, DBS-based enzyme activity could be considered as a useful diagnostic tool in this disease.
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Dadachanji R, Shaikh N, Khavale S, Patil A, Shah N, Mukherjee S. PON1 polymorphisms are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome susceptibility, related traits, and PON1 activity in Indian women with the syndrome. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:207-16. [PMID: 25956367 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms (L55M and Q192R) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) susceptibility and its related traits in Indian women. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Academic research institute, infertility, and endocrinology clinics. PATIENT(S) Controls (n = 326), women with PCOS (n = 482). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Genotypic and allelic frequency distribution, genotype-phenotype association, different PON1 activities (lactonase, arylesterase, and paraoxonase). RESULT(S) The genotypic and allelic frequency distributions of the L55M polymorphism were significantly different between lean controls and lean women with PCOS, and this polymorphism reduced the risk of PCOS development in lean but not in obese Indian women. Furthermore, this polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased 2-hour glucose, apolipoprotein B, free and bioavailable T, and free androgen index concurrent with increased sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and FSH levels only in lean women with PCOS. However, Q192R polymorphism showed comparable genotypic frequency distribution between controls and women with PCOS. PON1 lactonase and arylesterase activities were significantly decreased in women with PCOS compared with controls. PON1 polymorphisms were shown to influence its activities. CONCLUSION(S) Our study showed that L55M, but not Q192R, polymorphism is significantly associated with reduced PCOS susceptibility only in lean women and also impacts glucose metabolism, lipid parameters, and hyperandrogenemia in them. Our study therefore suggests the possibility of differential genetic pathophysiology of PCOS between lean and obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Dadachanji
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Nuzhat Shaikh
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Sushma Khavale
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Anushree Patil
- Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Nalini Shah
- Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Srabani Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India.
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Silveira PAS, Schwegler E, Montagner P, Krause ART, Acosta DAV, Halfen J, Garlet T, Barros CC, Corrêa MN, Schneider A. Characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of the bovine paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene affecting serum enzyme activity in dairy cows. Vet J 2015; 205:101-3. [PMID: 26021888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the bovine paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene and determine their relationship with PON1 serum activity. Blood samples were collected from 47 Holstein cows during the periparturient period. Serum PON1 was measured and DNA extracted for PCR and sequencing of the promoter region of the PON1 gene. Seven novel SNPs were identified and of these, five SNPs, at positions -105, -221, -392, -611 and -674, upstream of the start of the published mRNA sequence (NM_001046269.2), were found to be associated with variability in serum PON1 activity (P < 0.05). The SNPs at positions -221 and -611 were located in regions predicted to bind to transcription factors linked to the acute phase response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A S Silveira
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Schwegler
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 Km 592, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Montagner
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana R T Krause
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Diego A V Acosta
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Halfen
- Faculdade de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Garlet
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos C Barros
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcio N Corrêa
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, sn, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Hafiane A, Genest J. High density lipoproteins: Measurement techniques and potential biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. BBA CLINICAL 2015; 3:175-88. [PMID: 26674734 PMCID: PMC4661556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) comprises a heterogeneous family of lipoprotein species, differing in surface charge, size and lipid and protein compositions. While HDL cholesterol (C) mass is a strong, graded and coherent biomarker of cardiovascular risk, genetic and clinical trial data suggest that the simple measurement of HDL-C may not be causal in preventing atherosclerosis nor reflect HDL functionality. Indeed, the measurement of HDL-C may be a biomarker of cardiovascular health. To assess the issue of HDL function as a potential therapeutic target, robust and simple analytical methods are required. The complex pleiotropic effects of HDL make the development of a single measurement challenging. Development of laboratory assays that accurately HDL function must be developed validated and brought to high-throughput for clinical purposes. This review discusses the limitations of current laboratory technologies for methods that separate and quantify HDL and potential application to predict CVD, with an emphasis on emergent approaches as potential biomarkers in clinical practice.
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Key Words
- 2D-PAGGE, two dimensional polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis
- ApoA-I, apolipoprotein A-I
- Apolipoprotein A-I
- Atherosclerosis
- Biomarkers of cardiovascular risk
- CHD, coronary heart disease
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Cellular cholesterol efflux
- Coronary artery disease
- HDL, high density lipoprotein
- HPLC, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- High density lipoproteins
- LCAT, lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase
- LDL, low density lipoprotein
- MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
- MOP, myeloperoxidase
- MS/MS, tandem-mass spectrometry
- ND-PAGGE, non-denaturant polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PON1, paraoxonase 1
- SELDI, surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization
- TOF, time-of-flight
- UTC, ultracentrifugation
- Vascular endothelial function
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Hafiane
- McGill University Health Center, Royal Victoria Hospital, 687 Avenue des Pins West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Jacques Genest
- McGill University Health Center, Royal Victoria Hospital, 687 Avenue des Pins West, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
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Kasprzak MP, Iskra M, Majewski W, Budzyń-Napierała M, Gryszczyńska B, Strzyżewski K, Kasprzak J. PON1 status evaluation in patients with chronic arterial occlusion of lower limbs due to atherosclerosis obliterans. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:1101-8. [PMID: 25624845 PMCID: PMC4296060 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.41348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human paraoxonase (PON1) is a calcium-dependent enzyme physically associated with HDL, and it is believed to contribute to the atheroprotective effect of HDL. The aim of the study was to evaluate PON1 status in patients with atherosclerosis obliterans as an effect of ischemia regarding its activity and phenotype distribution. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of patients with chronic arterial occlusion of the lower limbs due to atherosclerosis obliterans (AO). The patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of ischemia: moderate (MI), and critical (CI). The ratio of the hydrolysis of salt-stimulated PON1 activity to the hydrolysis of phenylacetate was used to assign individuals to one of three possible phenotypes (low activity - A, medium activity - AB, high activity - B). It was observed that PON1 arylesterase activity was affected by ischemia of the lower limbs depending on its degree. RESULTS The odds ratio and the relative risk analysis showed that the patients with moderate ischemia are much more often characterized by phenotype A than by phenotype B. The low activity phenotype A occurs over twice as often in patients with chronic ischemia of the lower limbs as in individuals from the control group (OR = 2.125; 1.96 to 3.776, p = 0.0143). CONCLUSIONS This study presents the low activity phenotype A in relation to the risk of ischemia of the lower limbs due to atherosclerosis and shows the potentially important role of PON1 in conclusion of the process leading to intensification of ischemia degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena P. Kasprzak
- Department of General Chemistry, Chair of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Iskra
- Department of General Chemistry, Chair of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wacław Majewski
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Budzyń-Napierała
- Department of General Chemistry, Chair of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bogna Gryszczyńska
- Department of General Chemistry, Chair of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Strzyżewski
- Department of General Chemistry, Chair of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Kasprzak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with Pregnancy Pathology, Raszeja Hospital, Poznan, Poland
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Paraoxonase1 genetic polymorphisms in a mixed ancestry African population. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:217019. [PMID: 25477710 PMCID: PMC4248356 DOI: 10.1155/2014/217019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity is markedly influenced by coding polymorphisms, Q/R at position 192 and M/L at position 55 of the PON1 gene. We investigated the frequencies of these polymorphisms and their effects on PON1 and antioxidant activities in 844 South African mixed ancestry individuals. Genotyping was done using allele-specific TaqMan technology, PON1 activities were measured using paraoxon and phenylacetate, oxidative status was determined by measuring the antioxidant activities of ferric reducing antioxidant power and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and lipid peroxidation markers included malondialdehyde and oxidized LDL. The frequencies of Q192R and L55M were 47.6% and 28.8%, respectively, and the most common corresponding alleles were 192R (60.4%) and 55M (82.6%). The Q192 was significantly associated with 5.8 units' increase in PON1 concentration and 15.4 units' decrease in PONase activity after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and diabetes, with suggestion of differential effects by diabetes status. The PON1 L55 variant was associated with none of the measured indices. In conclusion, we have shown that the Q192R polymorphism is a determinant of both PON1 concentration and activity and this association appeared to be enhanced in subjects with diabetes.
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48
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Browne RW, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R, Horakova D, Bodziak ML, Tamaño-Blanco M, Badgett D, Tyblova M, Vaneckova M, Seidl Z, Krasensky J, Bergsland N, Ramasamy DP, Hagemeier J, Qu J, Havrdova E, Ramanathan M. Serum lipoprotein composition and vitamin D metabolite levels in clinically isolated syndromes: Results from a multi-center study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 143:424-33. [PMID: 24950029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT High serum cholesterol is adversely associated with clinical and imaging disease progression outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), the earliest stage of MS. Low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased risk of disease progression. OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanisms mediating the adverse effects of cholesterol in CIS and to determine the role of the nexus between the vitamin D3 (D3) and cholesterol pathways. DESIGN Multi-center, prospective, longitudinal prospective study. SETTING University hospital multiple sclerosis centers. INTERVENTION Serum samples were obtained prior to any treatment from study subjects. METHODS Serum obtained prior to any treatment from 172 CIS patients enrolled in a multi-center, prospective, longitudinal study (119 females: 53 males, age: 28.1 ± SD 8.1 years) were analyzed for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), ApoAII, ApoB, ApoE, and lipoprotein-a. Levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 1,25-dihydroxy D3, and 24,25-dihydroxy D3 were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Greater levels of HDL-C biomarkers (e.g., HDL-C itself, ApoAI, ApoAII and paroxonase arylesterase activity) and LDL-C biomarkers (e.g., LDL-C itself, Apo B) were associated with greater 25(OH)D3. The effects of HDL-C biomarkers were stronger than those of LDL-C. Free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester levels were positively associated with higher 25(OH)D3 levels. Cholesterol palmitate was particularly potent. The nexus between the D3 and cholesterol pathways was proximal to, or in linkage disequilibrium with, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase DHCR7 rs1790349, endothelial lipase LIPG rs4939883 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 PCSK9 rs11206510. CONCLUSIONS The associations between cholesterol biomarkers and vitamin D metabolite levels in CIS are consistent with the biochemical inter-dependence between the two pathways. Cholesterol biomarkers should be considered for inclusion as covariates when assessing vitamin D levels in CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert Zivadinov
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dana Horakova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mary Lou Bodziak
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Tamaño-Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Darlene Badgett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michaela Tyblova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Manuela Vaneckova
- Department of Radiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Seidl
- Department of Radiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krasensky
- Department of Radiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Niels Bergsland
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; IRCCS, S. Maria Nascente, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Deepa P Ramasamy
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jesper Hagemeier
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eva Havrdova
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Murali Ramanathan
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Effect of the nutritional supplement ALAnerv® on the serum PON1 activity in post-acute stroke patients. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 65:743-50. [PMID: 23950599 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is one of the HDL-associated proteins which contributes to the antioxidant properties of these lipoproteins. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of the nutritional supplement ALAnerv® on serum PON1 activity in post-acute stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation. METHODS We enrolled 28 post-acute stroke patients and randomly divided them into (-) ALA or (+) ALA study groups. All the patients underwent the same rehabilitation program and received comparable standard medications. Moreover, (+) ALA patients received ALAnerv® for two weeks (2 pills/day). The serum PON1 activity was assessed on blood samples taken at the admission and at the discharge moments, respectively. We used paraoxon (paraoxonase activity, PONA), phenyl acetate (arylesterase activity, ARYLA) and dihydrocoumarin (lactonase activity, LACTA) as substrates, the latter activity being regarded as physiologically relevant. A control group of 14 apparently healthy subjects was also created. RESULTS In the (+) ALA group, LACTA significantly increased during the study period (17.6 ± 3.2 vs. 27.6 ± 3.5, p = 0.002). Moreover, the percentage of LACTA variation between (-) ALA and (+) ALA groups during the study was also statistically different (-11.7 ± 6.9% vs. +95.1 ± 29.7%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results suggest that ALA nerv® could contribute to the improvement of the physiologically relevant LACTA of PON1 in post-acute stroke patients, enabling this enzyme to contribute to the redox correction. Also, this study raises the question about the effect of a longer treatment period over the other enzymatic activities of serum PON1.
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50
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Pollack AZ, Sjaarda L, Ahrens KA, Mumford SL, Browne RW, Wactawski-Wende J, Schisterman EF. Association of cadmium, lead and mercury with paraoxonase 1 activity in women. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92152. [PMID: 24682159 PMCID: PMC3969354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme whose polymorphisms have been associated with cancer risk, may be associated with metals exposure. OBJECTIVE To evaluate PON1 activity in relation to cadmium, lead, and mercury levels in healthy, premenopausal women. METHODS Women from upstate New York were followed for ≥ two menstrual cycles. Repeated measures linear mixed models estimated the association between cadmium, lead, and mercury levels (by tertile: T1, T2, T3) and PON1 arylesterase (PON1A) and PON1 paraoxonase (PON1P) activity, separately. Analyses were stratified by PON1 Q192R phenotype and un-stratified. RESULTS Median blood cadmium, lead, and mercury concentrations were 0.30 µg/L, 0.87 µg/dL, and 1.15 µg/L. In un-stratified analyses cadmium and mercury were associated with decreased PON1A activity (T2 vs. T1; not T3 vs. T1) but metals were not associated with PON1P. Phenotypes were distributed between QQ (n = 99), QR (n = 117), and RR (n = 34). Cadmium was associated with decreased PON1A activity for QR and RR phenotypes comparing T2 vs. T1 (-14.4% 95% confidence interval [CI] [-20.1, -8.4] and -27.9% [-39.5, -14.0],). Lead was associated with decreased PON1A (RR phenotype, T3 vs. T1 -18.9% [-32.5, -2.5]; T2 vs. T1 -19.6% [-32.4, -4.4]). Cadmium was associated with lower PON1P comparing T2 vs. T1 for the RR (-34.9% [-51.5, -12.5]) and QR phenotypes (-9.5% [-18.1, 0.0]) but not comparing T3 vs. T1. Cadmium was associated with increases in PON1P levels (QQ phenotype, T3 vs. T1 24.5% [7.0, 44.9]) and mercury was associated with increased PON1A levels (QQ phenotype, T3 vs. T1 6.2% [0.2, 12.6]). Mercury was associated with decreased PON1P (RR phenotype, T2 vs. T1 -22.8 [-37.8, -4.1]). CONCLUSION Blood metals were associated with PON1 activity and these effects varied by phenotype. However, there was not a linear dose-response and these findings await replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Z. Pollack
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Global and Community Health, School of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Lindsey Sjaarda
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. Ahrens
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sunni L. Mumford
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard W. Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Enrique F. Schisterman
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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