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Kopp W. Aging and "Age-Related" Diseases - What Is the Relation? Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0570. [PMID: 39012663 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The study explores the intricate relationship between aging and the development of noncommunicable diseases [NCDs], focusing on whether these diseases are inevitable consequences of aging or primarily driven by lifestyle factors. By examining epidemiological data, particularly from hunter-gatherer societies, the study highlights that many NCDs prevalent in modern populations are rare in these societies, suggesting a significant influence of lifestyle choices. It delves into the mechanisms through which poor diet, smoking, and other lifestyle factors contribute to systemic physiological imbalances, characterized by oxidative stress, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, and dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and the immune system. The interplay between this pattern and individual factors such as genetic susceptibility, biological variability, epigenetic changes and the microbiome is proposed to play a crucial role in the development of a range of age-related NCDs. Modified biomolecules such as oxysterols and advanced glycation end products also contribute to their development. Specific diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, Parkinson's disease, glaucoma and osteoarthritis are analyzed to illustrate these mechanisms. The study concludes that while aging contributes to the risk of NCDs, lifestyle factors play a crucial role, offering potential avenues for prevention and intervention through healthier living practices. One possible approach could be to try to restore the physiological balance, e.g. through dietary measures [e.g. Mediterranean diet, Okinawan diet or Paleolithic diet] in conjunction with [a combination of] pharmacological interventions and other lifestyle changes.
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Freibrodt C, Baien S, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, de Buhr N, Nau R, Seele J. Gum Arabic Increases Phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by Blood Leukocytes of Young and Old Healthy Volunteers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:482. [PMID: 38927149 PMCID: PMC11201184 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gum arabic, a polysaccharide exudate from Acacia senegal (L.) Willdenow trees, has already been used by African native people in natural medicine. METHODS Using whole-blood samples from young (20-35 years) and older (>80 years) healthy volunteers (each group n = 10), the effect of an aqueous solution of GA on phagocytosis of Escherichia coli was examined with a gentamicin protection assay. Whole-blood samples of each volunteer were stimulated with GA and as a control with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (Toll-like receptor -9 agonists) for 2 h, then co-incubated with E. coli for 30 min and thereafter treated with gentamicin for up to 240 min to kill extracellular bacteria. Then, whole-blood cells were lysed with distilled water, and colony-forming units were counted by quantitative plating. Cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of TNF-α and IL-6 was performed using the blood supernatant. RESULTS The GA concentration tested (20 mg/mL) did not affect the viability of eukaryotic cells. Phagocytosis of E. coli by whole-blood leukocytes derived from young (p = 0.008) and older (p = 0.004) healthy volunteers was increased by 120.8% (young) and 39.2% (old) after stimulation with GA. In contrast, CpG only stimulated the bacterial phagocytosis by cells derived from young volunteers (p = 0.004). Stimulation of whole blood with GA increased the intracellular killing of E. coli in young (p = 0.045) and older volunteers (p = 0.008) and induced a TNF-α release in whole blood collected from older volunteers but not from younger ones (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS These data encourage the isolation of active compounds of GA and the initiation of clinical trials addressing the preventive effect of GA on bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Freibrodt
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;
- Department of Geriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shima Baien
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany (M.v.K.-B.); (N.d.B.)
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany (M.v.K.-B.); (N.d.B.)
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany (M.v.K.-B.); (N.d.B.)
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Nau
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;
- Department of Geriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jana Seele
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;
- Department of Geriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Talepoor AG, Doroudchi M. Regulatory RNAs in immunosenescence. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1209. [PMID: 38456619 PMCID: PMC10921898 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence is a multifactorial stress response to different intrinsic and extrinsic insults that cause immune deterioration and is accompanied by genomic or epigenomic perturbations. It is now widely recognized that genes and proteins contributing in the process of immunosenescence are regulated by various noncoding (nc) RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the regulatore RNAs roles in the process of immunosenescence. METHODS We analyzed publications that were focusing on the different roles of regulatory RNAs on the several aspects of immunosenescence. RESULTS In the immunosenescence setting, ncRNAs have been found to play regulatory roles at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These factors cooperate to regulate the initiation of gene expression programs and sustaining the senescence phenotype and proinflammatory responses. CONCLUSION Immunosenescence is a complex process with pivotal alterations in immune function occurring with age. The extensive network that drive immunosenescence-related features are are mainly directed by a variety of regulatory RNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Latest findings about regulation of senescence by ncRNAs in the innate and adaptive immune cells as well as their role in the immunosenescence pathways, provide a better understanding of regulatory RNAs function in the process of immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterUniversity of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Yang X, Xue C, Chen K, Gao D, Wang H, Tang C. Characteristics of elderly diabetes patients: focus on clinical manifestation, pathogenic mechanism, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1339744. [PMID: 38273819 PMCID: PMC10808572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1339744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health issue globally, putting an enormous burden on global health systems and people. Among all diseased groups, a considerable part of patients are elderly, while their clinical features, pathogenic processes, and medication regimens are different from patients of other ages. Despite the availability of multiple therapies and techniques, there are still numerous elderly diabetes patients suffering from poor blood glucose control, severe complications, and drug adverse effects, which negatively affect the quality of life in their golden years. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes for several decades, and its relevant clinical practice has confirmed that it has a satisfactory effect on alleviating clinical symptoms and mitigating the progression of complications. Chinese herbal medicine and its active components were used widely with obvious clinical advantages by multiple targets and signaling pathways. However, due to the particular features of elderly diabetes, few studies were conducted to explore Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on elderly diabetic patients. This study reviews the research on clinical features, pathogenic processes, treatment principles, and TCM treatments, hoping to provide fresh perspectives on the prevention and management strategies for elderly diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongxiang Xue
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Calabrò A, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Candore G. Sex and gender affect immune aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1272118. [PMID: 38088954 PMCID: PMC10715058 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1272118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The proposed review aims to elucidate the intricate interplay between biological factors (sex differences) and socially constructed factors (gender differences) in the context of immune aging. While the influence of biological differences between men and women on various aspects of immune responses has long been recognized, it is crucial to acknowledge that gender, encompassing the social and cultural roles and expectations associated with being male or female, also significantly shapes these processes. Gender can either accelerate immune aging or promote longevity. By recognizing the impact of both biological and social factors, this work seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of why men and women may experience divergent trajectories in immune aging and varying outcomes in terms of longevity. Discrepancies in perceived roles of the sexes, both within families and at work, contribute to differing patterns of antigen exposure. Additionally, variations in micronutrient intake and access to preventive healthcare facilities may exist. Health promotion knowledge often correlates with educational attainment, which is unequally represented between males and females in many cultures and across generations in the Western world. In countries without a universal healthcare system, access to healthcare relies on family prioritization strategies to cope with economic constraints, potentially limiting access to specific treatments and affecting immune responses negatively. As a result, both biological factors and social and behavioral factors associated with gender contribute to disparities in immune responses, susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and vaccine responses among older individuals. However, as demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, older females exhibit greater resilience to infections than older males. Given the crucial role of the immune system in achieving longevity, it is not surprising that women live longer than men, and the number of female centenarians surpasses that of male centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Guo L, Liu X, Su X. The role of TEMRA cell-mediated immune senescence in the development and treatment of HIV disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284293. [PMID: 37901239 PMCID: PMC10602809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has plagued human society for a long time since its discovery, causing a large number of patients to suffer and costing hundreds of millions of medical services every year. Scientists have found that HIV and antiretroviral therapy accelerate immune aging by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and that terminal effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) are crucial in immune aging. This specific subset of effector memory T cells has terminally differentiated properties and exhibits high cytotoxicity and proinflammatory capacity. We therefore explored and described the interplay between exhaustion features, essential markers, functions, and signaling pathways from previous studies on HIV, antiretroviral therapy, immune senescence, and TEMRA cells. Their remarkable antiviral capacity is then highlighted by elucidating phenotypic changes in TEMRA cells during HIV infection, describing changes in TEMRA cells before, during, and after antiretroviral therapy and other drug treatments. Their critical role in complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-HIV superinfection is highlighted. These studies demonstrate that TEMRA cells play a key role in the antiviral response and immune senescence during HIV infection. Finally, we review current therapeutic strategies targeting TEMRA cells that may be clinically beneficial, highlight their potential role in HIV-1 vaccine development, and provide perspectives and predictions for related future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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Zhang W, Huang Q, Kang Y, Li H, Tan G. Which Factors Influence Healthy Aging? A Lesson from the Longevity Village of Bama in China. Aging Dis 2023; 14:825-839. [PMID: 37191421 PMCID: PMC10187713 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing aging population is associated with increasing incidences of aging-related diseases and socioeconomic burdens. Hence, research into healthy longevity and aging is urgently needed. Longevity is an important phenomenon in healthy aging. The present review summarizes the characteristics of longevity in the elderly population in Bama, China, where the proportion of centenarians is 5.7-fold greater than the international standard. We examined the impact of genetic and environmental factors on longevity from multiple perspectives. We proposed that the phenomenon of longevity in this region is of high value for future investigations in healthy aging and aging-related disease and may provide guidance for fostering the establishment and maintenance of a healthy aging society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Brain Function and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- China-ASEAN Research Center for Innovation and Development in Brain Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Qingyun Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Brain Function and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- China-ASEAN Research Center for Innovation and Development in Brain Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yongxin Kang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Brain Function and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- China-ASEAN Research Center for Innovation and Development in Brain Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Brain Function and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- China-ASEAN Research Center for Innovation and Development in Brain Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guohe Tan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Brain Function and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- China-ASEAN Research Center for Innovation and Development in Brain Science, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Abstract
The inflammaging concept was introduced in 2000 by Prof. Franceschi. This was an evolutionary or rather a revolutionary conceptualization of the immune changes in response to a lifelong stress. This conceptualization permitted to consider the lifelong proinflammatory process as an adaptation which could eventually lead to either beneficial or detrimental consequences. This dichotomy is influenced by both the genetics and the environment. Depending on which way prevails in an individual, the outcome may be healthy longevity or pathological aging burdened with aging-related diseases. The concept of inflammaging has also revealed the complex, systemic nature of aging. Thus, this conceptualization opens the way to consider age-related processes in their complexity, meaning that not only the process but also all counter-processes should be considered. It has also opened the way to add new concepts to the original one, leading to better understanding of the nature of inflammaging and of aging itself. Finally, it showed the way towards potential multimodal interventions involving a holistic approach to optimize the aging process towards a healthy longevity.
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9
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Metabolic landscape in cardiac aging: insights into molecular biology and therapeutic implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:114. [PMID: 36918543 PMCID: PMC10015017 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac aging is evident by a reduction in function which subsequently contributes to heart failure. The metabolic microenvironment has been identified as a hallmark of malignancy, but recent studies have shed light on its role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Various metabolic pathways in cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes determine cellular senescence in the aging heart. Metabolic alteration is a common process throughout cardiac degeneration. Importantly, the involvement of cellular senescence in cardiac injuries, including heart failure and myocardial ischemia and infarction, has been reported. However, metabolic complexity among human aging hearts hinders the development of strategies that targets metabolic susceptibility. Advances over the past decade have linked cellular senescence and function with their metabolic reprogramming pathway in cardiac aging, including autophagy, oxidative stress, epigenetic modifications, chronic inflammation, and myocyte systolic phenotype regulation. In addition, metabolic status is involved in crucial aspects of myocardial biology, from fibrosis to hypertrophy and chronic inflammation. However, further elucidation of the metabolism involvement in cardiac degeneration is still needed. Thus, deciphering the mechanisms underlying how metabolic reprogramming impacts cardiac aging is thought to contribute to the novel interventions to protect or even restore cardiac function in aging hearts. Here, we summarize emerging concepts about metabolic landscapes of cardiac aging, with specific focuses on why metabolic profile alters during cardiac degeneration and how we could utilize the current knowledge to improve the management of cardiac aging.
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Wu D, Bi X, Li P, Xu D, Qiu J, Li K, Zheng S, Chow KHM. Enhanced insulin-regulated phagocytic activities support extreme health span and longevity in multiple populations. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13810. [PMID: 36883688 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a central role in many processes of age-related disorders and it remains unclear if the innate immune system may play roles in shaping extreme longevity. By an integrated analysis with multiple bulk and single cell transcriptomic, so as DNA methylomic datasets of white blood cells, a previously unappreciated yet commonly activated status of the innate monocyte phagocytic activities is identified. Detailed analyses revealed that the life cycle of these monocytes is enhanced and primed to a M2-like macrophage phenotype. Functional characterization unexpectedly revealed an insulin-driven immunometabolic network which supports multiple aspects of phagocytosis. Such reprogramming is associated to a skewed trend of DNA demethylation at the promoter regions of multiple phagocytic genes, so as a direct transcriptional effect induced by nuclear-localized insulin receptor. Together, these highlighted that preservation of insulin sensitivity is a key to healthy lifespan and extended longevity, via boosting the function of innate immune system in advanced ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoman Bi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Tumor Institute of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Peihu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Dahua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianmin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Tumor Institute of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kongning Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Tumor Institute of The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kim Hei-Man Chow
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Frankowska N, Bryl E, Fulop T, Witkowski JM. Longevity, Centenarians and Modified Cellular Proteodynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032888. [PMID: 36769212 PMCID: PMC9918038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown before that at least one intracellular proteolytic system seems to be at least as abundant in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of centenarians as in the same cells of young individuals (with the cells of the elderly population showing a significant dip compared to both young and centenarian cohorts). Despite scarce published data, in this review, we tried to answer the question how do different types of cells of longevous people-nonagenarians to (semi)supercentenarians-maintain the quality and quantity of their structural and functional proteins? Specifically, we asked if more robust proteodynamics participate in longevity. We hypothesized that at least some factors controlling the maintenance of cellular proteomes in centenarians will remain at the "young" level (just performing better than in the average elderly). In our quest, we considered multiple aspects of cellular protein maintenance (proteodynamics), including the quality of transcribed DNA, its epigenetic changes, fidelity and quantitative features of transcription of both mRNA and noncoding RNAs, the process of translation, posttranslational modifications leading to maturation and functionalization of nascent proteins, and, finally, multiple facets of the process of elimination of misfolded, aggregated, and otherwise dysfunctional proteins (autophagy). We also included the status of mitochondria, especially production of ATP necessary for protein synthesis and maintenance. We found that with the exception of the latter and of chaperone function, practically all of the considered aspects did show better performance in centenarians than in the average elderly, and most of them approached the levels/activities seen in the cells of young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Frankowska
- Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tamas Fulop
- Research Center on Aging, Geriatric Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-349-1510
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Kunizheva SS, Volobaev VP, Plotnikova MY, Kupriyanova DA, Kuznetsova IL, Tyazhelova TV, Rogaev EI. Current Trends and Approaches to the Search for Genetic Determinants of Aging and Longevity. RUSS J GENET+ 2022; 58:1427-1443. [PMID: 36590179 PMCID: PMC9794410 DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422120067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process of extinction of the body and the main aspect that determines the life expectancy for individuals who have survived to the post-reproductive period. The process of aging is accompanied by certain physiological, immune, and metabolic changes in the body, as well as the development of age-related diseases. The contribution of genetic factors to human life expectancy is estimated at about 25-30%. Despite the success in identifying genes and metabolic pathways that may be involved in the life extension process in model organisms, the key question remains to what extent these data can be extrapolated to humans, for example, because of the complexity of its biological and sociocultural systems, as well as possible species differences in life expectancy and causes of mortality. New molecular genetic methods have significantly expanded the possibilities for searching for genetic factors of human life expectancy and identifying metabolic pathways of aging, the interaction of genes and transcription factors, the regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription, and epigenetic modifications. The review presents the latest research and current strategies for studying the genetic basis of human aging and longevity: the study of individual candidate genes in genetic population studies, variations identified by the GWAS method, immunogenetic differences in aging, and genomic studies to identify factors of "healthy aging." Understanding the mechanisms of the interaction between factors affecting the life expectancy and the possibility of their regulation can become the basis for developing comprehensive measures to achieve healthy longevity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1134/S1022795422120067.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Kunizheva
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - V. P. Volobaev
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - M. Yu. Plotnikova
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D. A. Kupriyanova
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - I. L. Kuznetsova
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - T. V. Tyazhelova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E. I. Rogaev
- Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 01545 Shrewsbury, MA United States
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Sato K, Suzuki F, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Kannon T, Miyagi S, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Takazawa C, Shibata A, Tsuboi H, Shimizu Y, Nguyen TTT, Konoshita T, Ono Y, Hayashi K, Tajima A, Nakamura H. Relationship between Vitamin Intake and Resilience Based on Sex in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults: Results of the Shika Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235042. [PMID: 36501073 PMCID: PMC9738285 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reported that resilience, generally regarded as the ability to manage stress in the face of adversity, correlates with mental health in middle-aged and older adults. Currently, there is limited information on eating habits that affect resilience. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between vitamin intake and resilience based on sex in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals in Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. A total of 221 participants (106 men and 115 women) aged 40 years or older were included in the analysis. We assessed vitamin intake and resilience using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) and the resilience scale (RS), respectively. A two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher RS in women, but not in men. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis stratified by sex showed that β-carotene and vitamin K were significant independent variables for RS only in women. The present study suggests that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher resilience among middle-aged and older women. The results obtained demonstrate that β-carotene and vitamin K intakes may enhance resilience by strengthening stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniko Sato
- Department of Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Community Medicine Support Dentistry, Ohu University Hospital, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-265-2218; Fax: +81-76-234-4233
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kannon
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Sakae Miyagi
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Chie Takazawa
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Aki Shibata
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsuboi
- Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone 522-8533, Japan
| | - Yukari Shimizu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, 14-1 Mukaimotorimachi, Komatsu 923-0961, Japan
| | - Thao Thi Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ngo Quyen, Hai Phong 180000, Vietnam
| | - Tadashi Konoshita
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuki Ono
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 1 Bunkyocyo, Hirosaki 036-8224, Japan
| | - Koichi Hayashi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 6-46, Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
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14
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Zhang SY, Liang JJ, Liu YQ. Excessive Zinc Ion Caused PC12 Cell Death Correlating with Inhibition of NOS and Increase of RAGE in Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:755-761. [PMID: 36068383 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Zinc ion (Zn2+) is an important functional factor; however, excessive Zn2+ can be toxic. To understand the neurotoxicity of excessive Zn2+ and the underlying mechanism, PC12 cells were treated with excessive Zn2+ and Zn2+ plus N, N, N', N'-Tetrakisethylenediamine (TPEN), a zinc ion chelator agent. Trypan blue and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2- thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were used to test cell viability; the relative kits were used to detect the activity of NOS synthase and the content of the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) in cells. We observed that excessive zinc caused PC12 cell damage and that TPEN partially reversed cell damage caused by excessive zinc. In addition, excessive zinc decreased total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) activity in cells, in which constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) activity was significantly reduced; however, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity was extremely promoted. Moreover, excessive zinc upregulated the expression of RAGE, and TPEN effectively reversed the increase in RAGE induced by excessive zinc ions. Therefore, we concluded that excessive zinc caused PC12 cell damage, correlating with the inhibition of NOS and increase of RAGE induced in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Ya Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan-Qiang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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15
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Caruso C, Ligotti ME, Accardi G, Aiello A, Candore G. An immunologist's guide to immunosenescence and its treatment. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:961-981. [PMID: 35876758 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2106217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The ageing process causes several changes in the immune system, although immune ageing is strongly influenced by individual immunological history, as well as genetic and environmental factors leading to inter-individual variability. AREAS COVERED : Here, we focused on the biological and clinical meaning of immunosenescence. Data on SARS-CoV-2 and Yellow Fever vaccine have demonstrated the clinical relevance of immunosenescence, while inconsistent results, obtained from longitudinal studies aimed at looking for immune risk phenotypes, have revealed that the immunosenescence process is highly context-dependent. Large projects have allowed the delineation of the drivers of immune system variance, including genetic and environmental factors, sex, smoking, and co-habitation. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the interventions that can be envisaged to maintain or improve immune function in older people. That suggests that drug treatment of immunosenescence should require personalized intervention. Regarding this, we discussed the role of changes in lifestyle as a potential therapeutic approach. EXPERT OPINION : Our review points out that age is only part of the problem of immunosenescence. Everyone ages differently because he/she is unique in genetics and experience of life and this applies even more to the immune system (immunobiography). Finally, the present review shows how appreciable results in the modification of immunosenescence biomarkers can be achieved with lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Caruso
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia e Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia e Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia e Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia e Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratorio di Immunopatologia e Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Wesenhagen KE, Gobom J, Bos I, Vos SJ, Martinez‐Lage P, Popp J, Tsolaki M, Vandenberghe R, Freund‐Levi Y, Verhey F, Lovestone S, Streffer J, Dobricic V, Bertram L, Blennow K, Pikkarainen M, Hallikainen M, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Soininen H, Scheltens P, Zetterberg H, Teunissen CE, Visser PJ, Tijms BM. Effects of age, amyloid, sex, and APOE ε4 on the CSF proteome in normal cognition. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 14:e12286. [PMID: 35571963 PMCID: PMC9074716 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Introduction It is important to understand which biological processes change with aging, and how such changes are associated with increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. We studied how cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics changed with age and tested if associations depended on amyloid status, sex, and apolipoprotein E Ɛ4 genotype. Methods We included 277 cognitively intact individuals aged 46 to 89 years from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, European Medical Information Framework for Alzheimer's Disease Multimodal Biomarker Discovery, and Metabolic Syndrome in Men. In total, 1149 proteins were measured with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring/Rules-Based Medicine, tandem mass tag mass spectrometry, and SOMAscan. We tested associations between age and protein levels in linear models and tested enrichment for Reactome pathways. Results Levels of 252 proteins increased with age independently of amyloid status. These proteins were associated with immune and signaling processes. Levels of 21 proteins decreased with older age exclusively in amyloid abnormal participants and these were enriched for extracellular matrix organization. Discussion We found amyloid-independent and -dependent CSF proteome changes with older age, perhaps representing physiological aging and early AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E.J. Wesenhagen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Johan Gobom
- Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | | | - Stephanie J.B. Vos
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Pablo Martinez‐Lage
- Center for Research and Advanced TherapiesCITA‐Alzheimers FoundationDonostia‐San SebastianSpain
| | - Julius Popp
- Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and PsychiatryGeneva University HospitalsGenevaSwitzerland
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health SciencesAristotle University of ThessalonikiMakedoniaThessalonikiGreece
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Neurology ServiceUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of NeurosciencesKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Yvonne Freund‐Levi
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- School of Medical Sciences Örebro University and Dep of Psychiatry Örebro University HospitalÖrebroSweden
| | - Frans Verhey
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Janssen‐cilagHigh WycombeUK
- (at the time of study conduct)University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Johannes Streffer
- formerly Janssen R&D, LLC, Beerse, Belgium (at the time of study conduct)AC Immune SALausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | - Lars Bertram
- Lübeck UniversityLübeckGermany
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Maria Pikkarainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, NeurologyUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Merja Hallikainen
- Institute of Clinical MedicineInternal Medicineand Kuopio University HospitalUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical MedicineInternal Medicineand Kuopio University HospitalUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical MedicineInternal Medicineand Kuopio University HospitalUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, NeurologyUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Lab, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteLondonUK
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Betty M. Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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17
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Rochette L, Dogon G, Rigal E, Zeller M, Cottin Y, Vergely C. Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Protective Cardiac Functions of Calprotectin. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071226. [PMID: 35406797 PMCID: PMC8997643 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calprotectin (CLP) belonging to the S-100 protein family is a heterodimeric complex (S100A8/S100A9) formed by two binding proteins. Upon cell activation, CLP stored in neutrophils is released extracellularly in response to inflammatory stimuli and acts as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). S100A8 and S100A9 possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. The complex is a ligand of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end (RAGE). At sites of infection and inflammation, CLP is a target for oxidation due to its co-localization with neutrophil-derived oxidants. In the heart, oxidative stress (OS) responses and S100 proteins are closely related and intimately linked through pathophysiological processes. Our review summarizes the roles of S100A8, S100A9 and CLP in the inflammation in relationship with vascular OS, and we examine the importance of CLP for the mechanisms driving in the protection of myocardium. Recent evidence interpreting CLP as a critical modulator during the inflammatory response has identified this alarmin as an interesting drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Equipe d’Accueil (EA 7460): Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne—Franche Comté, 7 Bd Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France; (G.D.); (E.R.); (M.Z.); (C.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Geoffrey Dogon
- Equipe d’Accueil (EA 7460): Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne—Franche Comté, 7 Bd Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France; (G.D.); (E.R.); (M.Z.); (C.V.)
| | - Eve Rigal
- Equipe d’Accueil (EA 7460): Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne—Franche Comté, 7 Bd Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France; (G.D.); (E.R.); (M.Z.); (C.V.)
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Equipe d’Accueil (EA 7460): Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne—Franche Comté, 7 Bd Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France; (G.D.); (E.R.); (M.Z.); (C.V.)
| | - Yves Cottin
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU-Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Equipe d’Accueil (EA 7460): Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne—Franche Comté, 7 Bd Jeanne d’Arc, 21000 Dijon, France; (G.D.); (E.R.); (M.Z.); (C.V.)
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18
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Immunity and lifespan: answering long-standing questions with comparative genomics. Trends Genet 2022; 38:650-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Favaretto F, Bettini S, Busetto L, Milan G, Vettor R. Adipogenic progenitors in different organs: Pathophysiological implications. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:71-85. [PMID: 34716543 PMCID: PMC8873140 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In physiological conditions, the adipose organ resides in well-defined areas, where it acts providing an energy supply and as an endocrine organ involved in the control of whole-body energy metabolism. Adipose tissue adipokines connect the body's nutritional status to the regulation of energy balance. When it surrounds organs, it provides also for mechanical protection. Adipose tissue has a complex and heterogenous cellular composition that includes adipocytes, adipose tissue-derived stromal and stem cells (ASCs) which are mesenchymal stromal cells, and endothelial and immune cells, which signal to each other and to other tissues to maintain homeostasis. In obesity and in other nutrition related diseases, as well as in age-related diseases, biological and functional changes of adipose tissue give rise to several complications. Obesity triggers alterations of ASCs, impairing adipose tissue remodeling and adipose tissue function, which induces low-grade systemic inflammation, progressive insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders. Adipose tissue grows by hyperplasia recruiting new ASCs and by hypertrophy, up to its expandability limit. To overcome this limitation and to store the excess of nutrients, adipose tissue develops ectopically, involving organs such as muscle, bone marrow and the heart. The origin of ectopic adipose organ is not clearly elucidated, and a possible explanation lies in the stimulation of the adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal precursor cells which normally differentiate toward a lineage specific for the organ in which they reside. The chronic exposition of these newly-formed adipose depots to the pathological environment, will confer to them all the phenotypic characteristics of a dysfunctional adipose tissue, perpetuating the organ alterations. Visceral fat, but also ectopic fat, either in the liver, muscle or heart, can increase the risk of developing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Being able to prevent and to target dysfunctional adipose tissue will avoid the progression towards the complications of obesity and other nutrition-related diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize some of the knowledge regarding the presence of adipose tissue in particular tissues (where it is not usually present), describing the composition of its adipogenic precursors, and the interactions responsible for the development of organ pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Favaretto
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Bettini
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Busetto
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Gabriella Milan
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy
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20
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Park J, Yoon JH, Ki HK, Han K, Kim H. Lifestyle changes and risk of tuberculosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1009493. [PMID: 36339423 PMCID: PMC9627208 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1009493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impacts of lifestyle changes, namely, smoking, alcohol intake, and exercise, on the development of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A retrospective population-based cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance system database. We examined subjects diagnosed with T2DM and without previous history of TB between 2009 and 2012 who underwent two serial health examinations. The study participants were classified into each of the four groups based on changes in the patterns of smoking, alcohol intake, and exercise at the time of the second examination. The outcome of the study was newly diagnosed TB in patients with T2DM. Among 1,659,804 included subjects, TB was newly diagnosed with 10,288 subjects. Both consistent smokers (HR 1.406; 95% CI 1.333-1.483) and new smokers (HR 1.185; 95% CI 1.063-1.320) had a higher TB risk than smoking quitters (HR 1.107; 95% CI 1.009-1.216) and never smokers. Both consistent heavy drinkers (HR 1.281; 95% CI 1.172-1.399) and heavy drinking quitters (HR 1.247; 95% CI 1.147-1.356) had a higher TB risk than new heavy drinkers and never drinkers. With respect to exercise, persistent non-exercisers (HR 1.309; 95% CI 1.72-1.399) and exercise quitters (HR 1.164; 95% CI 1.066-1.271) had a higher TB risk than new exercisers. In the subgroup analysis, a significant interaction was observed between lifestyle changes and age. We found that lifestyle changes were associated with development of TB in patients with T2DM. These results suggest that lifestyle management could be a valuable strategy for control of TB in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Park
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University of Medical Center, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Yoon
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University of Medical Center, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyun Ki
- Department of Medicine, Konkuk University of Medical Center, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kyungdo Han, ; Hyungjin Kim,
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Medical Humanities, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Kyungdo Han, ; Hyungjin Kim,
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21
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Mesenchymal stem cell treatment improves outcome of COVID-19 patients via multiple immunomodulatory mechanisms. Cell Res 2021; 31:1244-1262. [PMID: 34702946 PMCID: PMC8546390 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The infusion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) potentially improves clinical symptoms, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We conducted a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled (29 patients/group) phase II clinical trial to validate previous findings and explore the potential mechanisms. Patients treated with umbilical cord-derived MSCs exhibited a shorter hospital stay (P = 0.0198) and less time required for symptoms remission (P = 0.0194) than those who received placebo. Based on chest images, both severe and critical patients treated with MSCs showed improvement by day 7 (P = 0.0099) and day 21 (P = 0.0084). MSC-treated patients had fewer adverse events. MSC infusion reduced the levels of C-reactive protein, proinflammatory cytokines, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and promoted the maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. To explore how MSCs modulate the immune system, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on peripheral blood. Our analysis identified a novel subpopulation of VNN2+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor-like (HSPC-like) cells expressing CSF3R and PTPRE that were mobilized following MSC infusion. Genes encoding chemotaxis factors - CX3CR1 and L-selectin - were upregulated in various immune cells. MSC treatment also regulated B cell subsets and increased the expression of costimulatory CD28 in T cells in vivo and in vitro. In addition, an in vivo mouse study confirmed that MSCs suppressed NET release and reduced venous thrombosis by upregulating kindlin-3 signaling. Together, our results underscore the role of MSCs in improving COVID-19 patient outcomes via maintenance of immune homeostasis.
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22
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Sun H, Kang X, Chen X, Cai L, Li Y, Yu J, Wu C, Deng X. Immunosenescence evaluation of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 957 healthy adults from 20 to 95 years old. Exp Gerontol 2021; 157:111615. [PMID: 34728337 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Immunosenescence is characterized by an age-related decline in immune system function. Major efforts have been made to identify changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets accompanying immunosenescence in elderly adults. However, the change trends of some lymphocyte subsets with age are still controversial, and populations of advanced ages, such as people in their 80s or 90s, have not yet been thoroughly investigated. To provide further insight, we recruited 957 healthy donors without certain diseases with ages ranging from 20 to 95 years. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets, including T cells, CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, B cells and NK cells, and the CD4/CD8 ratio were measured by flow cytometry. Additionally, regulatory CD4 T cells with inhibitory functions marked by CD3+CD4+CD25hi and the expression of the costimulatory molecule CD28 on CD8 T cells were evaluated. Sex was considered at the same time. The data indicated that in elderly people, peripheral T (p < 0.001), CD4 T (p < 0.001) and B (p < 0.001) lymphocyte subsets decreased, but the NK cell population (p < 0.001) increased. More regulatory CD4 T cells may imply stronger inhibition in the elderly population. The decreased CD28 expression with age in females verified CD28 to be an immunosenescence marker and the sharply decreased CD28 expression after 75 years in males indicated a rapid immunosenescence at the late life span of the male populations. In addition, our study established reference values for peripheral lymphocyte subsets at different age stages in males and females, which are urgently needed for the clinical management and treatment of geriatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqiang Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xia Kang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xingchi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Lili Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuru Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jihong Yu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China.
| | - Xinli Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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23
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Lombardi G, Paganelli R, Abate M, Ireland A, Molino-Lova R, Sorbi S, Macchi C, Pellegrino R, Di Iorio A, Cecchi F. Leukocyte-derived ratios are associated with late-life any type dementia: a cross-sectional analysis of the Mugello study. GeroScience 2021; 43:2785-2793. [PMID: 34674153 PMCID: PMC8529862 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence, vascular aging, and brain aging, all characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory markers, are thought to share a common pathogenetic pathway: inflamm-aging. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Mugello study (Tuscany, Italy), a representative Italian cohort of free-living nonagenarians. to assess the association between specific peripheral inflammation markers derived from white blood cell counts, and the diagnosis of dementia. All the variables of interest were reported for 411 subjects (110 males and 301 females) out of 475 enrolled in the study. Anamnestic dementia diagnosis was obtained from clinical certificate and confirmed by a General Practitioner, whereas leukocyte ratios were directly calculated from white blood cell counts. Body mass index and comorbidities were considered potential confounders. Diagnosis of any type dementia was certified in 73 cases (17.8%). Subjects affected by dementia were older, more frequently reported a previous stroke, had lower body mass index, and lower Mini-Mental-State-Examination score. Moreover, they had a higher lymphocyte count and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio compared to the non-demented nonagenarians. We found that higher levels of lymphocyte counts are cross-sectionally associated with a clinical diagnosis of dementia. Furthermore, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is directly associated with any type of dementia, independently of age, sex, lymphocyte count, and comorbidities. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio may be considered a marker of immunological changes in the brain of dementia patients; moreover, it is low-cost, and easily available, thus enabling comparisons among different studies and populations, although the timeline and the extent of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio role in dementia development must be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Lombardi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio, Viale Abruzzo 322, Chieti, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, YDA, Pescara, Italy
| | - Michele Abate
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio, Viale Abruzzo 322, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alex Ireland
- Department of Life Sciences, Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Raffaele Molino-Lova
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Macchi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Di Firenze, Largo Brambilla 3, 50100, Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaello Pellegrino
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio, Viale Abruzzo 322, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Di Iorio
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio, Viale Abruzzo 322, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cecchi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Di Firenze, Largo Brambilla 3, 50100, Florence, Italy
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24
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Aiello A, Accardi G, Aprile S, Caldarella R, Carru C, Ciaccio M, De Vivo I, Gambino CM, Ligotti ME, Vasto S, Zinellu A, Caruso C, Bono F, Candore G. Age and Gender-related Variations of Molecular and Phenotypic Parameters in A Cohort of Sicilian Population: from Young to Centenarians. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1773-1793. [PMID: 34631220 PMCID: PMC8460304 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
People are living longer, but lifespan increase does not coincide with a boost in health-span. Thus, improving the quality of life of older people is a priority. Centenarians reach extreme longevity in a relatively good health status, escaping or delaying fatal or strongly invalidating diseases. Therefore, studying processes involved in longevity is important to explain the biological mechanisms of health and well-being, since knowledge born from this approach can provide valuable information on how to slow aging. We performed the present study in a well characterized very homogeneous sample of 173 people from Western Sicily, to update existing literature on some phenotypic aspects of aging and longevity and to propose a range of values for older people. We classified 5 age groups, from young adults to centenarians, to understand the age and gender-related variations of the different parameters under study. We collected anamnestic data and performed anthropometric, bioimpedance, molecular, haematological, oxidative, and hematochemical tests, adopting a multidimensional analysis approach. An important evidence of the present study is that there are differences related to both age and gender in several biomarkers. Indeed, gender differences seem to be still poorly considered and inadequately investigated in aging as well as in other medical studies. Moreover, we often observed comparable parameters between young and centenarians rather than non-agenarians and centenarians, hypothesizing a sort of slowdown, almost followed by a reversal trend, in the decay of systemic deterioration. The study of centenarians provides important indications on how to slow aging, with benefits for those who are more vulnerable to disease and disability. The identification of the factors that predispose to a long and healthy life is of enormous interest for translational medicine in an aging world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Aprile
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,2Unit of Transfusion Medicine, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Agrigento, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, Palermo, Italy.,5Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- 6Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- 5Unit of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- 7Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippa Bono
- 8Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- 1Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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25
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Inflammaging, an Imbalanced Immune Response That Needs to Be Restored for Cancer Prevention and Treatment in the Elderly. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102562. [PMID: 34685542 PMCID: PMC8533838 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, new advances in society and health have brought an increased life expectancy. However, at the same time, aging comes with complications that impact the development of autoimmunity, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. These complications affect the quality of life and impact the public health system. Specifically, with aging, a low-grade chronic sterile systemic inflammation with self-reactivity in the absence of acute infection occurs termed inflammaging. Inflammaging is related to an imbalanced immune response that can be either naturally acquired with aging or accelerated due to external triggers. Different molecules, metabolites and inflammatory forms of cell death are highly involved in these processes. Importantly, adoptive cellular immunotherapy is a modality of treatment for cancer patients that administers ex vivo expanded immune cells in the patient. The manipulation of these cells confers them enhanced proinflammatory properties. A general consequence of proinflammatory events is the development of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Herein, we review subsets of immune cells with a pertinent role in inflammaging, relevant proteins involved in these inflammatory events and external triggers that enhance and accelerate these processes. Moreover, we mention relevant preclinical studies that demonstrate associations of chronic inflammation with cancer development.
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26
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Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Vitamin D and COVID-19: Role of ACE2, age, gender, and ethnicity. J Med Virol 2021; 93:5285-5294. [PMID: 33990955 PMCID: PMC8242434 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, disproportionally targets older people, particularly men, ethnic minorities, and individuals with underlying diseases such as compromised immune system, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The discrepancy in COVID-19 incidence and severity is multifaceted and likely involves biological, social, as well as nutritional status. Vitamin D deficiency, notably common in Black and Brown people and elderly, is associated with an increased susceptibility to many of the diseases comorbid with COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency can cause over-activation of the pulmonary renin-angiotensin system (RAS) leading to the respiratory syndrome. RAS is regulated in part at least by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which also acts as a primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cells. Hence, vitamin D deficiency can exacerbate COVID-19, via its effects on ACE2. In this review we focus on influence of age, gender, and ethnicity on vitamin D-ACE2 interaction and susceptibility to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruk Getachew
- Department of PharmacologyCollege of Medicine, Howard UniversityWashington DCUSA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of PharmacologyCollege of Medicine, Howard UniversityWashington DCUSA
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TNAP as a New Player in Chronic Inflammatory Conditions and Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020919. [PMID: 33477631 PMCID: PMC7831495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes important information on the ectoenzyme tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and gives a brief insight into the symptoms, diagnostics, and treatment of the rare disease Hypophosphatasia (HPP), which is resulting from mutations in the TNAP encoding ALPL gene. We emphasize the role of TNAP beyond its well-known contribution to mineralization processes. Therefore, above all, the impact of the enzyme on central molecular processes in the nervous system and on inflammation is presented here.
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28
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Barzilai N, Appleby JC, Austad SN, Cuervo AM, Kaeberlein M, Gonzalez-Billault C, Lederman S, Stambler I, Sierra F. Geroscience in the Age of COVID-19. Aging Dis 2020; 11:725-729. [PMID: 32765937 PMCID: PMC7390533 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The data on COVID-19 is clear on at least one point: Older adults are most vulnerable to hospitalization, disability and death following infection with the novel coronavirus. Therefore, therapeutically addressing degenerative aging processes as the main risk factors appears promising for tackling the present crisis and is expected to be relevant when tackling future infections, epidemics and pandemics. Therefore, utilizing a geroscience approach, targeting aging processes to prevent multimorbidity, via initiating broad clinical trials of potential geroprotective therapies, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Chile
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, USA
| | | | - Ilia Stambler
- Vetek (Seniority) Association - the Movement for Longevity and Quality of Life, Israel
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