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Elkhawagah AR, Donato GG, Poletto M, Martino NA, Vincenti L, Conti L, Necchi D, Nervo T. Effect of Mitoquinone on sperm quality of cryopreserved stallion semen. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 141:105168. [PMID: 39151811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (Mitoquinone, MitoQ) on the quality of frozen-thawed stallion semen. Semen samples collected from three fertile stallions aged 10 - 13 years, were filtered, centrifuged in a skimmed milk-based extender, and diluted to a final concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/mL in freezing medium. Diluted semen was divided into five experimental groups supplemented with MitoQ at concentrations of 0 (control), 25, 50, 100, and 200 nM and then subjected to freezing after cooling and equilibration. After thawing, semen was evaluated for motility and kinetics at different time points. Sperm viability, plasma membrane, acrosome, DNA integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations were evaluated. The results revealed that MitoQ at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 nM improved (P< 0.01) the total sperm motility after 30 minutes of incubation. In addition, 25 nM MitoQ improved the sperm amplitude of lateral head displacement values (P< 0.01) after 30 minutes of incubation. Conversely, negative effects on sperm motility, kinetics, and viability were observed with the highest tested concentration of MitoQ (200 nM). The various concentrations of MitoQ did not affect the plasma membrane, acrosome, and DNA integrity, or the mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ROS concentrations. In conclusion, supplementation of MitoQ during cryopreservation, had a mild positive effect on sperm motility and kinetics especially at a concentration of 25 nM, while the highest concentration (200nM) has a detrimental effect on motility and viability parameters of frozen-thawed stallion sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elkhawagah
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Gian Guido Donato
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | | | - Nicola A Martino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Leila Vincenti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Denis Necchi
- Keros Insemination and Embryo Transfer Center, Passendale, Belgium
| | - Tiziana Nervo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
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Steenberge LH, Rogers S, Sung AY, Fan J, Pagliarini DJ. Coenzyme Q 4 is a functional substitute for coenzyme Q 10 and can be targeted to the mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107269. [PMID: 38588811 PMCID: PMC11087978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an important cofactor and antioxidant for numerous cellular processes, and its deficiency has been linked to human disorders including mitochondrial disease, heart failure, Parkinson's disease, and hypertension. Unfortunately, treatment with exogenous CoQ10 is often ineffective, likely due to its extreme hydrophobicity and high molecular weight. Here, we show that less hydrophobic CoQ species with shorter isoprenoid tails can serve as viable substitutes for CoQ10 in human cells. We demonstrate that CoQ4 can perform multiple functions of CoQ10 in CoQ-deficient cells at markedly lower treatment concentrations, motivating further investigation of CoQ4 as a supplement for CoQ10 deficiencies. In addition, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of an initial set of compounds designed to target CoQ4 selectively to mitochondria using triphenylphosphonium. Our results indicate that select versions of these compounds can successfully be delivered to mitochondria in a cell model and be cleaved to produce CoQ4, laying the groundwork for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura H Steenberge
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sean Rogers
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew Y Sung
- University of Wisconsin Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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3
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Du X, Zeng Q, Luo Y, He L, Zhao Y, Li N, Han C, Zhang G, Liu W. Application research of novel peptide mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant SS-31 in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrion 2024; 75:101846. [PMID: 38237649 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the pivotal role of mitochondria in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the regulation of cellular homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction may exert a profound impact on various physiological systems, potentially precipitating a spectrum of distinct diseases. Consequently, research pertaining to mitochondrial therapeutics has assumed increasing significance, warranting heightened scrutiny. In recent years, the field of mitochondrial therapy has witnessed noteworthy advancements, with active exploration into diverse pharmacological agents aimed at ameliorating mitochondrial function. Elamipretide (SS-31), a novel synthetic mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, has emerged as a promising candidate with extensive therapeutic potential. Its notable attributes encompass the mitigation of oxidative stress, the suppression of inflammatory processes, the maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics, and the prevention of cellular apoptosis. As such, SS-31 may emerge as a viable choice for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction-related ailments in the foreseeable future. This article extensively expounds upon the superiority of SS-31 over natural antioxidants and traditional mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, delves into its mechanisms of modulating mitochondrial function, and comprehensively summarizes its applications in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction-associated disorders. Furthermore, we offer a comprehensive outlook on the expansive prospects of SS-31's future development and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Du
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
| | - Qin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China; Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yunchang Luo
- Biology Major, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
| | - Libing He
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China.
| | - Ninjing Li
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
| | - Changli Han
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
| | - Weixin Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610045, China.
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Linder BA, Stute NL, Hutchison ZJ, Barnett AM, Tharpe MA, Kavazis AN, Kirkman DL, Gutierrez OM, Robinson AT. Acute high-dose MitoQ does not increase urinary kidney injury markers in healthy adults: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F135-F142. [PMID: 37942539 PMCID: PMC11198989 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00186.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human studies have used the mitochondrial antioxidant MitoQ. Recent in vitro data indicating that MitoQ may induce nephrotoxicity caused concern regarding the safety of MitoQ on the kidneys, but the doses were supraphysiological. Therefore, we sought to determine whether acute MitoQ elicits changes in urinary biomarkers associated with tubular injury in healthy adults with our hypothesis being there would be no changes. Using a randomized crossover design, 32 healthy adults (16 females and 16 males, 29 ± 11 yr old) consumed MitoQ (100-160 mg based on body mass) or placebo capsules. We obtained serum samples and a 4- to 6-h postcapsule consumption urine sample. We assessed creatinine clearance and urine kidney injury biomarkers including the chitinase 3-like-1 gene product YKL-40, kidney-injury marker-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, epidermal growth factor, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, and uromodulin using multiplex assays. We used t tests, Wilcoxon tests, and Hotelling's T2 to assess global differences in urinary kidney injury markers between conditions. Acute MitoQ supplementation did not influence urine flow rate (P = 0.086, rrb = 0.39), creatinine clearance (P = 0.085, rrb = 0.42), or urinary kidney injury markers (T22,8 = 30.6, P = 0.121, univariate ps > 0.064). Using exploratory univariate analysis, MitoQ did not alter individual injury markers compared with placebo (e.g., placebo vs. MitoQ: YKL-40, 507 ± 241 vs. 442 ± 236 pg/min, P = 0.241; kidney injury molecule-1, 84.1 ± 43.2 vs. 76.2 ± 51.2 pg/min, P = 0.890; and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 10.8 ± 10.1 vs. 9.83 ± 8.06 ng/min, P = 0.609). In conclusion, although longer-term surveillance and data are needed in clinical populations, our findings suggest that acute high-dose MitoQ had no effect on urinary kidney injury markers in healthy adults.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found acute high-dose mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ) supplementation was not nephrotoxic and had no effect on markers of acute kidney injury in healthy adults. These findings can help bolster further confidence in the safety of MitoQ, particularly for future investigations seeking to examine the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress, via acute MitoQ supplementation, on various physiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braxton A Linder
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Nina L Stute
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Zach J Hutchison
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Alex M Barnett
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - McKenna A Tharpe
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Andreas N Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Danielle L Kirkman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Orlando M Gutierrez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Austin T Robinson
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
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Jayaraman P, Rajagopal M, Paranjpe I, Liharska L, Suarez-Farinas M, Thompson R, Del Valle DM, Beckmann N, Oh W, Gulamali FF, Kauffman J, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Dellepiane S, Vasquez-Rios G, Vaid A, Jiang J, Chen A, Sakhuja A, Chen S, Kenigsberg E, He JC, Coca SG, Chan L, Schadt E, Merad M, Kim-Schulze S, Gnjatic S, Tsalik E, Langley R, Charney AW, Nadkarni GN. Peripheral Transcriptomics in Acute and Long-Term Kidney Dysfunction in SARS-CoV2 Infection. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.25.23297469. [PMID: 37961671 PMCID: PMC10635190 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.25.23297469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 infection despite vaccination and leads to long-term kidney dysfunction. However, peripheral blood molecular signatures in AKI from COVID-19 and their association with long-term kidney dysfunction are yet unexplored. Methods In patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV2, we performed bulk RNA sequencing using peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs). We applied linear models accounting for technical and biological variability on RNA-Seq data accounting for false discovery rate (FDR) and compared functional enrichment and pathway results to a historical sepsis-AKI cohort. Finally, we evaluated the association of these signatures with long-term trends in kidney function. Results Of 283 patients, 106 had AKI. After adjustment for sex, age, mechanical ventilation, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), we identified 2635 significant differential gene expressions at FDR<0.05. Top canonical pathways were EIF2 signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, mTOR signaling, and Th17 signaling, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Comparison with sepsis associated AKI showed considerable overlap of key pathways (48.14%). Using follow-up estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements from 115 patients, we identified 164/2635 (6.2%) of the significantly differentiated genes associated with overall decrease in long-term kidney function. The strongest associations were 'autophagy', 'renal impairment via fibrosis', and 'cardiac structure and function'. Conclusions We show that AKI in SARS-CoV2 is a multifactorial process with mitochondrial dysfunction driven by ER stress whereas long-term kidney function decline is associated with cardiac structure and function and immune dysregulation. Functional overlap with sepsis-AKI also highlights common signatures, indicating generalizability in therapeutic approaches. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Peripheral transcriptomic findings in acute and long-term kidney dysfunction after hospitalization for SARS-CoV2 infection are unclear. We evaluated peripheral blood molecular signatures in AKI from COVID-19 (COVID-AKI) and their association with long-term kidney dysfunction using the largest hospitalized cohort with transcriptomic data. Analysis of 283 hospitalized patients of whom 37% had AKI, highlighted the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction driven by endoplasmic reticulum stress in the acute stages. Subsequently, long-term kidney function decline exhibits significant associations with markers of cardiac structure and function and immune mediated dysregulation. There were similar biomolecular signatures in other inflammatory states, such as sepsis. This enhances the potential for repurposing and generalizability in therapeutic approaches.
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6
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Rokitskaya TI, Khailova LS, Korshunova GA, Antonenko YN. Efficiency of mitochondrial uncoupling by modified butyltriphenylphosphonium cations and fatty acids correlates with lipophilicity of cations: Protonophoric vs leakage mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184183. [PMID: 37286154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the share of protonophoric activity in the uncoupling action of lipophilic cations a number of analogues of butyltriphenylphosphonium with substitutions in phenyl rings (C4TPP-X) were studied on isolated rat liver mitochondria and model lipid membranes. An increase in the rate of respiration and a decrease in the membrane potential of isolated mitochondria were observed for all the studied cations, the efficiency of these processes was significantly enhanced in the presence of fatty acids and correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficient of the cations. The ability of C4TPP-X cations to induce proton transport across the lipid membrane of liposomes loaded with a pH-sensitive fluorescent dye increased also with their lipophilicity and depended on the presence of palmitic acid in the liposome membrane. Of all the cations, only butyl[tri(3,5-dimethylphenyl)]phosphonium (C4TPP-diMe) was able to induce proton transport by the mechanism of formation of a cation-fatty acid ion pair on planar bilayer lipid membranes and liposomes. The rate of oxygen consumption by mitochondria in the presence of C4TPP-diMe increased to the maximum values corresponding to conventional uncouplers; for all other cations the maximum uncoupling rates were significantly lower. We assume that the studied cations of the C4TPP-X series, with the exception of C4TPP-diMe at low concentrations, cause nonspecific leak of ions through lipid model and biological membranes which is significantly enhanced in the presence of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana I Rokitskaya
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ljudmila S Khailova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina A Korshunova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri N Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Pan M, Zhou J, Wang J, Cao W, Li L, Wang L. The role of placental aging in adverse pregnancy outcomes: A mitochondrial perspective. Life Sci 2023; 329:121924. [PMID: 37429418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Premature placental aging is associated with placental insufficiency, which reduces the functional capacity of the placenta, leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Placental mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy and play essential roles in placental development and functional maintenance. In response to oxidative stress, damage, and senescence, an adaptive response is induced to selectively remove mitochondria through the mitochondrial equivalent of autophagy. However, adaptation can be disrupted when mitochondrial abnormalities or dysfunctions persist. This review focuses on the adaptation and transformation of mitochondria during pregnancy. These changes modify placental function throughout pregnancy and can cause complications. We discuss the relationship between placental aging and adverse pregnancy outcomes from the perspective of mitochondria and potential approaches to improve abnormal pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Pan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Cao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Zhoushan Women and Children Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Gorący A, Rosik J, Szostak J, Szostak B, Retfiński S, Machaj F, Pawlik A. Improving mitochondrial function in preclinical models of heart failure: therapeutic targets for future clinical therapies? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:593-608. [PMID: 37477241 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2240021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from the unsuccessful compensation of symptoms of myocardial damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a process that occurs because of an attempt to adapt to the disruption of metabolic and energetic pathways occurring in the myocardium. This, in turn, leads to further dysfunction in cardiomyocyte processes. Currently, many therapeutic strategies have been implemented to improve mitochondrial function, but their effectiveness varies widely. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on new models of therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial function in the treatment of heart failure. EXPERT OPINION Therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria appear to be a valuable option for treating heart failure. Currently, the greatest challenge is to develop new research models that could restore the disrupted metabolic processes in mitochondria as comprehensively as possible. Only the development of therapies that focus on improving as many dysregulated mitochondrial processes as possible in patients with heart failure will be able to bring the expected clinical improvement, along with inhibition of disease progression. Combined strategies involving the reduction of the effects of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, appear to be a promising possibility for developing new therapies for a complex and multifactorial disease such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gorący
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Szostak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Szymon Retfiński
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Kalyanaraman B, Cheng G, Hardy M, You M. OXPHOS-targeting drugs in oncology: new perspectives. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:939-952. [PMID: 37736880 PMCID: PMC11034819 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2261631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drugs targeting mitochondria are emerging as promising antitumor therapeutics in preclinical models. However, a few of these drugs have shown clinical toxicity. Developing mitochondria-targeted modified natural compounds and US FDA-approved drugs with increased therapeutic index in cancer is discussed as an alternative strategy. AREAS COVERED Triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+)-based drugs selectively accumulate in the mitochondria of cancer cells due to their increased negative membrane potential, target the oxidative phosphorylation proteins, inhibit mitochondrial respiration, and inhibit tumor proliferation. TPP+-based drugs exert minimal toxic side effects in rodents and humans. These drugs can sensitize radiation and immunotherapies. EXPERT OPINION TPP+-based drugs targeting the tumor mitochondrial electron transport chain are a new class of oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors with varying antiproliferative and antimetastatic potencies. Some of these TPP+-based agents, which are synthesized from naturally occurring molecules and FDA-approved drugs, have been tested in mice and did not show notable toxicity, including neurotoxicity, when used at doses under the maximally tolerated dose. Thus, more effort should be directed toward the clinical translation of TPP+-based OXPHOS-inhibiting drugs in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, Marseille 13013, France
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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Fairley LH, Das S, Dharwal V, Amorim N, Hegarty KJ, Wadhwa R, Mounika G, Hansbro PM. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040973. [PMID: 37107348 PMCID: PMC10135688 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major hallmark of COPD, contributing to inflammatory signaling, corticosteroid resistance, DNA damage, and accelerated lung aging and cellular senescence. Evidence suggests that oxidative damage is not solely due to exogenous exposure to inhaled irritants, but also endogenous sources of oxidants in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria, the major producers of ROS, exhibit impaired structure and function in COPD, resulting in reduced oxidative capacity and excessive ROS production. Antioxidants have been shown to protect against ROS-induced oxidative damage in COPD, by reducing ROS levels, reducing inflammation, and protecting against the development of emphysema. However, currently available antioxidants are not routinely used in the management of COPD, suggesting the need for more effective antioxidant agents. In recent years, a number of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MTA) compounds have been developed that are capable of crossing the mitochondria lipid bilayer, offering a more targeted approach to reducing ROS at its source. In particular, MTAs have been shown to illicit greater protective effects compared to non-targeted, cellular antioxidants by further reducing apoptosis and offering greater protection against mtDNA damage, suggesting they are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of COPD. Here, we review evidence for the therapeutic potential of MTAs as a treatment for chronic lung disease and discuss current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren H Fairley
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Shatarupa Das
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Vivek Dharwal
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Nadia Amorim
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Karl J Hegarty
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Guntipally Mounika
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
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Maines E, Moretti M, Vitturi N, Gugelmo G, Fasan I, Lenzini L, Piccoli G, Gragnaniello V, Maiorana A, Soffiati M, Burlina A, Franceschi R. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Complications in Patients with Propionic Acidemia and Exploring Therapeutic Alternatives for Those Who Are Not Eligible or Are Waiting for Liver Transplantation. Metabolites 2023; 13:563. [PMID: 37110221 PMCID: PMC10143878 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The guidelines for the management of patients affected by propionic acidemia (PA) recommend standard cardiac therapy in the presence of cardiac complications. A recent revision questioned the impact of high doses of coenzyme Q10 on cardiac function in patients with cardiomyopathy (CM). Liver transplantation is a therapeutic option for several patients since it may stabilize or reverse CM. Both the patients waiting for liver transplantation and, even more, the ones not eligible for transplant programs urgently need therapies to improve cardiac function. To this aim, the identification of the pathogenetic mechanisms represents a key point. Aims: This review summarizes: (1) the current knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying cardiac complications in PA and (2) the available and potential pharmacological options for the prevention or the treatment of cardiac complications in PA. To select articles, we searched the electronic database PubMed using the Mesh terms "propionic acidemia" OR "propionate" AND "cardiomyopathy" OR "Long QT syndrome". We selected 77 studies, enlightening 12 potential disease-specific or non-disease-specific pathogenetic mechanisms, namely: impaired substrate delivery to TCA cycle and TCA dysfunction, secondary mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction and oxidative stress, coenzyme Q10 deficiency, metabolic reprogramming, carnitine deficiency, cardiac excitation-contraction coupling alteration, genetics, epigenetics, microRNAs, micronutrients deficiencies, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, and increased sympathetic activation. We provide a critical discussion of the related therapeutic options. Current literature supports the involvement of multiple cellular pathways in cardiac complications of PA, indicating the growing complexity of their pathophysiology. Elucidating the mechanisms responsible for such abnormalities is essential to identify therapeutic strategies going beyond the correction of the enzymatic defect rather than engaging the dysregulated mechanisms. Although these approaches are not expected to be resolutive, they may improve the quality of life and slow the disease progression. Available pharmacological options are limited and tested in small cohorts. Indeed, a multicenter approach is mandatory to strengthen the efficacy of therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Maines
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Michele Moretti
- Division of Cardiology, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitturi
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gugelmo
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fasan
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Livia Lenzini
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- CIBIO, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, Italy & Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Università degli Studi di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gragnaniello
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Maiorana
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Soffiati
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
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12
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Zhang Q, Lin R, Yang J, Zhao J, Li H, Liu K, Xue X, Zhao H, Han S, Zhao H. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That C17 Mycosubtilin Antagonizes Verticillium dahliae by Interfering with Multiple Functional Pathways of Fungi. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040513. [PMID: 37106714 PMCID: PMC10136297 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt is a kind of soil-borne plant fungal disease caused by Verticillium dahliae (Vd). Vd 991 is a strong pathogen causing cotton Verticillium wilt. Previously, we isolated a compound from the secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis J15 (BS J15), which showed a significant control effect on cotton Verticillium wilt and was identified as C17 mycosubtilin. However, the specific fungistatic mechanism by which C17 mycosubtilin antagonizes Vd 991 is not clear. Here, we first showed that C17 mycosubtilin inhibits the growth of Vd 991 and affects germination of spores at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Morphological observation showed that C17 mycosubtilin treatment caused shrinking, sinking, and even damage to spores; the hyphae became twisted and rough, the surface was sunken, and the contents were unevenly distributed, resulting in thinning and damage to the cell membrane and cell wall and swelling of mitochondria of fungi. Flow cytometry analysis with ANNEXINV-FITC/PI staining showed that C17 mycosubtilin induces necrosis of Vd 991 cells in a time-dependent manner. Differential transcription analysis showed that C17 mycosubtilin at a semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) treated Vd 991 for 2 and 6 h and inhibited fungal growth mainly by destroying synthesis of the fungal cell membrane and cell wall, inhibiting its DNA replication and transcriptional translation process, blocking its cell cycle, destroying fungal energy and substance metabolism, and disrupting the redox process of fungi. These results directly showed the mechanism by which C17 mycosubtilin antagonizes Vd 991, providing clues for the mechanism of action of lipopeptides and useful information for development of more effective antimicrobials.
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Chandrasekaran R, Bruno SR, Mark ZF, Walzer J, Caffry S, Gold C, Kumar A, Chamberlain N, Butzirus IM, Morris CR, Daphtary N, Aliyeva M, Lam YW, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger Y, Poynter ME, Dixon AE, Anathy V. Mitoquinone mesylate attenuates pathological features of lean and obese allergic asthma in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L141-L153. [PMID: 36511516 PMCID: PMC9902225 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00249.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with severe, difficult-to-control asthma, and increased airway oxidative stress. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are an important source of oxidative stress in asthma, leading us to hypothesize that targeting mROS in obese allergic asthma might be an effective treatment. Using a mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway disease in mice fed a low- (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD), and the mitochondrial antioxidant MitoQuinone (MitoQ), we investigated the effects of obesity and ROS on HDM-induced airway inflammation, remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Obese allergic mice showed increased lung tissue eotaxin, airway tissue eosinophilia, and AHR compared with lean allergic mice. MitoQ reduced airway inflammation, remodeling, and hyperreactivity in both lean and obese allergic mice, and tissue eosinophilia in obese-allergic mice. Similar effects were observed with decyl triphosphonium (dTPP+), the hydrophobic cationic moiety of MitoQ lacking ubiquinone. HDM-induced oxidative sulfenylation of proteins was increased particularly in HFD mice. Although only MitoQ reduced sulfenylation of proteins involved in protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ER stress was attenuated by both MitoQ and dTPP+ suggesting the anti-allergic effects of MitoQ are mediated in part by effects of its hydrophobic dTPP+ moiety reducing ER stress. In summary, oxidative signaling is an important mediator of allergic airway disease. MitoQ, likely through reducing protein oxidation and affecting the UPR pathway, might be effective for the treatment of asthma and specific features of obese asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sierra R Bruno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Zoe F Mark
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joseph Walzer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Sarah Caffry
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Clarissa Gold
- Department of Biology and Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nicolas Chamberlain
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Carolyn R Morris
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nirav Daphtary
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Minara Aliyeva
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Ying-Wai Lam
- Department of Biology and Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | | | - Anne E Dixon
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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14
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Luan Y, Luo Y, Deng M. New advances in Nrf2-mediated analgesic drugs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154598. [PMID: 36603339 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is an inevitable process that occurs during life activities, and it can participate in the development of inflammation. Although great progress has been made according to research examining analgesic drugs and therapies, there remains a need to develop new analgesic drugs to fill certain gaps in both the experimental and clinical space. PURPOSE This review reports the research and preclinical progress of this class of analgesics by summarizing known nuclear factor E-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) pathway-modulating substances. STUDY DESIGN We searched and reported experiments that intervene in the Nrf2 pathway and its various upstream and downstream molecules for analgesic therapy. METHODS The medical literature database (PubMed) was searched for experimental studies examining the reduction of pain in animals through the Nrf2 pathway, the research methods were analyzed, and the pathways were classified and reported according to the pathway of these experimental interventions. RESULTS Humans have identified a variety of substances that can fight pain by regulating the expression of Nrf2 and its upstream and downstream pathways. CONCLUSION The Nrf2 pathway exerts anti-inflammatory activity by regulating oxidative stress, thereby playing a role in the fight against pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Luan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yaping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Meichun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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15
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Kafkova A, Tilokani L, Trčka F, Šrámková V, Vancová M, Bílý T, Nebesářová J, Prudent J, Trnka J. Selective and reversible disruption of mitochondrial inner membrane protein complexes by lipophilic cations. Mitochondrion 2023; 68:60-71. [PMID: 36402364 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Triphenylphosphonium (TPP) derivatives are commonly used to target chemical into mitochondria. We show that alkyl-TPP cause reversible, dose- and hydrophobicity-dependent alterations of mitochondrial morphology and function and a selective decrease of mitochondrial inner membrane proteins including subunits of the respiratory chain complexes, as well as components of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex. The treatment with alkyl-TPP resulted in the cleavage of the pro-fusion and cristae organisation regulator Optic atrophy-1. The structural and functional effects of alkyl-TPP were found to be reversible and not merely due to loss of membrane potential. A similar effect was observed with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anezka Kafkova
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Bioenergetics, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Tilokani
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Filip Trčka
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Bioenergetics, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šrámková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vancová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bílý
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Nebesářová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julien Prudent
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jan Trnka
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Bioenergetics, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic.
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16
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Lu Z, Chen M, Long X, Yang H, Zhu D. Biological potential of Bacillus subtilis BS45 to inhibit the growth of Fusarium graminearum through oxidative damage and perturbing related protein synthesis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1064838. [PMID: 36891382 PMCID: PMC9987035 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1064838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium root rot (FRR) caused by Fusarium graminearum poses a threat to global food security. Biological control is a promising control strategy for FRR. In this study, antagonistic bacteria were obtained using an in-vitro dual culture bioassay with F. graminearum. Molecular identification of the bacteria based on the 16S rDNA gene and whole genome revealed that the species belonged to the genus Bacillus. We evaluated the strain BS45 for its mechanism against phytopathogenic fungi and its biocontrol potential against FRR caused by F. graminearum. A methanol extract of BS45 caused swelling of the hyphal cells and the inhibition of conidial germination. The cell membrane was damaged and the macromolecular material leaked out of cells. In addition, the mycelial reactive oxygen species level increased, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, oxidative stress-related gene expression level increased and oxygen-scavenging enzyme activity changed. In conclusion, the methanol extract of BS45 induced hyphal cell death through oxidative damage. A transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in ribosome function and various amino acid transport pathways, and the protein contents in cells were affected by the methanol extract of BS45, indicating that it interfered with mycelial protein synthesis. In terms of biocontrol capacity, the biomass of wheat seedlings treated with the bacteria increased, and the BS45 strain significantly inhibited the incidence of FRR disease in greenhouse tests. Therefore, strain BS45 and its metabolites are promising candidates for the biological control of F. graminearum and its related root rot diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinyi Long
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Du Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropic Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010088. [PMID: 36611880 PMCID: PMC9818928 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney contains many mitochondria that generate ATP to provide energy for cellular processes. Oxidative stress injury can be caused by impaired mitochondria with excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Accumulating evidence has indicated a relationship between oxidative stress and kidney diseases, and revealed new insights into mitochondria-targeted therapeutics for renal injury. Improving mitochondrial homeostasis, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, and balancing mitochondrial turnover has the potential to protect renal function against oxidative stress. Although there are some reviews that addressed this issue, the articles summarizing the relationship between mitochondria-targeted effects and the risk factors of renal failure are still few. In this review, we integrate recent studies on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in kidney diseases, especially chronic kidney disease. We organized the causes and risk factors of oxidative stress in the kidneys based in their mitochondria-targeted effects. This review also listed the possible candidates for clinical therapeutics of kidney diseases by modulating mitochondrial function.
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18
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Smith AN, Shaughness M, Collier S, Hopkins D, Byrnes KR. Therapeutic targeting of microglia mediated oxidative stress after neurotrauma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1034692. [PMID: 36405593 PMCID: PMC9671221 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1034692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a primary component of the central nervous system injury response. Traumatic brain and spinal cord injury are characterized by a pronounced microglial response to damage, including alterations in microglial morphology and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The acute activity of microglia may be beneficial to recovery, but continued inflammation and ROS production is deleterious to the health and function of other cells. Microglial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX), mitochondria, and changes in iron levels are three of the most common sources of ROS. All three play a significant role in post-traumatic brain and spinal cord injury ROS production and the resultant oxidative stress. This review will evaluate the current state of therapeutics used to target these avenues of microglia-mediated oxidative stress after injury and suggest avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin N. Smith
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael Shaughness
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sean Collier
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Deanna Hopkins
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kimberly R. Byrnes
- Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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19
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Gonzalez M, Prashar T, Connaughton H, Barry M, Robker R, Rose R. Restoring Sperm Quality Post-Cryopreservation Using Mitochondrial-Targeted Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091808. [PMID: 36139882 PMCID: PMC9495717 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While critical for male fertility preservation, cryopreservation damage reduces sperm quality and fertilization potential. This study investigated whether the addition of mitochondrial-targeted, antioxidant compounds, also known as Mitochondrial activators, to the cryopreservation medium could protect sperm quality during cryopreservation. For this, semen samples from men undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, which were donated for research, underwent cryopreservation in the absence or presence of BGP-15, MitoQ and L-carnitine. Fresh semen and thawed sperm samples from the same participant were analyzed for indicators of sperm quality: sperm viability, kinetics, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) and DNA damage. Cryopreservation significantly reduced sperm viability and motility and predicted mucous penetration. BGP-15, MitoQ and L-carnitine improved sperm motility, whilst the addition of L-Carnitine prevented the loss of sperm viability during cryopreservation. Both BGP-15 and L-carnitine reduced sperm DNA oxidative damage, but only BGP-15 significantly reduced DNA fragmentation. More importantly, BGP-15 increased sperm predictive mucous penetration and MMP and reduced DNA oxidation. Our results show that the addition of BGP-15 or L-carnitine to the cryopreservation medium improves sperm quality post-thawing, highlighting the potential of mitochondrial antioxidants to improve long-term fertility preservation in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Gonzalez
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Tanisha Prashar
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Haley Connaughton
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Michael Barry
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Fertility SA, St. Andrew’s Hospital, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Rebecca Robker
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Ryan Rose
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Fertility SA, St. Andrew’s Hospital, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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20
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Xin C, Yang N, Ding Y, Han L, Zhou Z, Guo X, Fang Z, Bai H, Peng B, Zhang C, Li L. Mitochondrial‐Targeting Vitamin B
3
Ameliorates the Phenotypes of Parkinson's Disease in vitro and in vivo by Restoring Mitochondrial Function. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenqi Xin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
- Department of Central Laboratory of Basic Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou 421000 China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Yaqi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Linqi Han
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xiaolu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhijie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 310003 China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) Nanjing 211816 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE Future Technologies) Xiamen University Fujian 361005 China
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21
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Mitchell W, Tamucci JD, Ng EL, Liu S, Birk AV, Szeto HH, May ER, Alexandrescu AT, Alder NN. Structure-activity relationships of mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide pharmacological compounds. eLife 2022; 11:75531. [PMID: 35913044 PMCID: PMC9342957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in metabolic homeostasis, and dysfunction of this organelle underpins the etiology of many heritable and aging-related diseases. Tetrapeptides with alternating cationic and aromatic residues such as SS-31 (elamipretide) show promise as therapeutic compounds for mitochondrial disorders. In this study, we conducted a quantitative structure-activity analysis of three alternative tetrapeptide analogs, benchmarked against SS-31, that differ with respect to aromatic side chain composition and sequence register. We present the first structural models for this class of compounds, obtained with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics approaches, showing that all analogs except for SS-31 form compact reverse turn conformations in the membrane-bound state. All peptide analogs bound cardiolipin-containing membranes, yet they had significant differences in equilibrium binding behavior and membrane interactions. Notably, analogs had markedly different effects on membrane surface charge, supporting a mechanism in which modulation of membrane electrostatics is a key feature of their mechanism of action. The peptides had no strict requirement for side chain composition or sequence register to permeate cells and target mitochondria in mammalian cell culture assays. All four peptides were pharmacologically active in serum withdrawal cell stress models yet showed significant differences in their abilities to restore mitochondrial membrane potential, preserve ATP content, and promote cell survival. Within our peptide set, the analog containing tryptophan side chains, SPN10, had the strongest impact on most membrane properties and showed greatest efficacy in cell culture studies. Taken together, these results show that side chain composition and register influence the activity of these mitochondria-targeted peptides, helping provide a framework for the rational design of next-generation therapeutics with enhanced potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Mitchell
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Tamucci
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Emery L Ng
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Shaoyi Liu
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Alexander V Birk
- Department of Biology, York College of CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hazel H Szeto
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Eric R May
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Andrei T Alexandrescu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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22
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Hall AM, de Seigneux S. Metabolic mechanisms of acute proximal tubular injury. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:813-827. [PMID: 35567641 PMCID: PMC9338906 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Damage to the proximal tubule (PT) is the most frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in humans. Diagnostic and treatment options for AKI are currently limited, and a deeper understanding of pathogenic mechanisms at a cellular level is required to rectify this situation. Metabolism in the PT is complex and closely coupled to solute transport function. Recent studies have shown that major changes in PT metabolism occur during AKI and have highlighted some potential targets for intervention. However, translating these insights into effective new therapies still represents a substantial challenge. In this article, in addition to providing a brief overview of the current state of the field, we will highlight three emerging areas that we feel are worthy of greater attention. First, we will discuss the role of axial heterogeneity in cellular function along the PT in determining baseline susceptibility to different metabolic hits. Second, we will emphasize that elucidating insult specific pathogenic mechanisms will likely be critical in devising more personalized treatments for AKI. Finally, we will argue that uncovering links between tubular metabolism and whole-body homeostasis will identify new strategies to try to reduce the considerable morbidity and mortality associated with AKI. These concepts will be illustrated by examples of recent studies emanating from the authors' laboratories and performed under the auspices of the Swiss National Competence Center for Kidney Research (NCCR Kidney.ch).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Hall
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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23
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Mazumder S, Bindu S, De R, Debsharma S, Pramanik S, Bandyopadhyay U. Emerging role of mitochondrial DAMPs, aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and anomalous mitophagy in gut mucosal pathogenesis. Life Sci 2022; 305:120753. [PMID: 35787999 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastroduodenal inflammation and ulcerative injuries are increasing due to expanding socio-economic stress, unhealthy food habits-lifestyle, smoking, alcoholism and usage of medicines like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In fact, gastrointestinal (GI) complications, associated with the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, further, poses a challenge to global healthcare towards safeguarding the GI tract. Emerging evidences have discretely identified mitochondrial dysfunctions as common etiological denominators in diseases. However, it is worth realizing that mitochondrial dysfunctions are not just consequences of diseases. Rather, damaged mitochondria severely aggravate the pathogenesis thereby qualifying as perpetrable factors worth of prophylactic and therapeutic targeting. Oxidative and nitrosative stress due to endogenous and exogenous stimuli triggers mitochondrial injury causing production of mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), which, in a feed-forward loop, inflicts inflammatory tissue damage. Mitochondrial structural dynamics and mitophagy are crucial quality control parameters determining the extent of mitopathology and disease outcomes. Interestingly, apart from endogenous factors, mitochondria also crosstalk and in turn get detrimentally affected by gut pathobionts colonized during luminal dysbiosis. Although mitopathology is documented in various pre-clinical/clinical studies, a comprehensive account appreciating the mitochondrial basis of GI mucosal pathologies is largely lacking. Here we critically discuss the molecular events impinging on mitochondria along with the interplay of mitochondria-derived factors in fueling mucosal pathogenesis. We specifically emphasize on the potential role of aberrant mitochondrial dynamics, anomalous mitophagy, mitochondrial lipoxidation and ferroptosis as emerging regulators of GI mucosal pathogenesis. We finally discuss about the prospect of mitochondrial targeting for next-generation drug discovery against GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mazumder
- Department of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, 1 Acharya Dhruba Pal Road, Uttarpara, West Bengal 712258, India
| | - Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India
| | - Subhashis Debsharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Saikat Pramanik
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India; Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India.
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24
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Bomer N, Pavez-Giani MG, Grote Beverborg N, Cleland JGF, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Meer P. Micronutrient deficiencies in heart failure: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a common pathophysiological mechanism? J Intern Med 2022; 291:713-731. [PMID: 35137472 PMCID: PMC9303299 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a devastating clinical syndrome, but current therapies are unable to abolish the disease burden. New strategies to treat or prevent heart failure are urgently needed. Over the past decades, a clear relationship has been established between poor cardiac performance and metabolic perturbations, including deficits in substrate uptake and utilization, reduction in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and excessive reactive oxygen species production. Together, these perturbations result in progressive depletion of cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cardiac energy deprivation. Increasing the delivery of energy substrates (e.g., fatty acids, glucose, ketones) to the mitochondria will be worthless if the mitochondria are unable to turn these energy substrates into fuel. Micronutrients (including coenzyme Q10, zinc, copper, selenium and iron) are required to efficiently convert macronutrients to ATP. However, up to 50% of patients with heart failure are deficient in one or more micronutrients in cross-sectional studies. Micronutrient deficiency has a high impact on mitochondrial energy production and should be considered an additional factor in the heart failure equation, moving our view of the failing myocardium away from an "an engine out of fuel" to "a defective engine on a path to self-destruction." This summary of evidence suggests that supplementation with micronutrients-preferably as a package rather than singly-might be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mario G Pavez-Giani
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Arjun V, Kumar P, Dutt R, Kumar A, Bala R, Verma N, Jerome A, Virmani M, Patil CS, Bhardwaj S, Kumar D, Yadav PS. Effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant on the regulation of the mitochondrial function of sperm during cryopreservation. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14431. [PMID: 35451101 DOI: 10.1111/and.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm mitochondrion is one of the major susceptible organelles that get damaged during cryopreservation. The study aimed to minimize mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress during sperm cryopreservation using mitochondria-specific antioxidants. For this, semen was collected from five buffalo bulls (3 ejaculates/bull). The ejaculates were diluted in an low-density lipoprotein-based extender and divided into four equal aliquots. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ) was added at a final concentration of 0 (control), 0.02, 0.2 and 2 μM separately in each aliquotes and cryopreserved. The addition of MitoQ at a concentration of 0.02 μM improved post-thaw sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and able to sustain sperm motility for a longer time. To investigate MitoQ's effects on mitochondrial function, we measured mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) using JC-1 dye, superoxide production using Mitosox assay, and lipid peroxidation by TBARS assay. The supplementation of 0.02 μM MitoQ in the extender prevented the significant reduction of MMP and reduced superoxide production resulting in lower lipid peroxidation of sperm plasma membrane after cryopreservation. Further, we found that a higher concentration of MitoQ decreases MMP and increases mitochondrial superoxide production. In conclusion, MitoQ @ 0.02 μM can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating mitochondrial functionality in spermatozoa during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateshappa Arjun
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India.,Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ravi Dutt
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India.,Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Renu Bala
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Nisha Verma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Andonissamy Jerome
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Meenakshi Virmani
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Patil
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Shivani Bhardwaj
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Prem Singh Yadav
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
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26
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Peugnet V, Chwastyniak M, Mulder P, Lancel S, Bultot L, Fourny N, Renguet E, Bugger H, Beseme O, Loyens A, Heyse W, Richard V, Amouyel P, Bertrand L, Pinet F, Dubois-Deruy E. Mitochondrial-Targeted Therapies Require Mitophagy to Prevent Oxidative Stress Induced by SOD2 Inactivation in Hypertrophied Cardiomyocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040723. [PMID: 35453408 PMCID: PMC9029275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure, mostly associated with cardiac hypertrophy, is a major cause of illness and death. Oxidative stress causes accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that mitochondria-targeted therapies could be effective in this context. The purpose of this work was to determine whether mitochondria-targeted therapies could improve cardiac hypertrophy induced by mitochondrial ROS. We used neonatal (NCMs) and adult (ACMs) rat cardiomyocytes hypertrophied by isoproterenol (Iso) to induce mitochondrial ROS. A decreased interaction between sirtuin 3 and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) induced SOD2 acetylation on lysine 68 and inactivation, leading to mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction and hypertrophy after 24 h of Iso treatment. To counteract these mechanisms, we evaluated the impact of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ). MitoQ decreased mitochondrial ROS and hypertrophy in Iso-treated NCMs and ACMs but altered mitochondrial structure and function by decreasing mitochondrial respiration and mitophagy. The same decrease in mitophagy was found in human cardiomyocytes but not in fibroblasts, suggesting a cardiomyocyte-specific deleterious effect of MitoQ. Our data showed the importance of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We observed that targeting mitochondria by MitoQ in cardiomyocytes impaired the metabolism through defective mitophagy, leading to accumulation of deficient mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoriane Peugnet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Maggy Chwastyniak
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Paul Mulder
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1096, FHU-REMOD-HF, 76000 Rouen, France; (P.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Steve Lancel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Laurent Bultot
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.B.); (N.F.); (E.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Natacha Fourny
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.B.); (N.F.); (E.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Edith Renguet
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.B.); (N.F.); (E.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Heiko Bugger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Olivia Beseme
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Anne Loyens
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut de Recherche Contre le Cancer de Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Wilfried Heyse
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Vincent Richard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1096, FHU-REMOD-HF, 76000 Rouen, France; (P.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.B.); (N.F.); (E.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Florence Pinet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (E.D.-D.); Tel.: +33-(0)3-20-87-72-15 (F.P.); +33-(0)3-20-87-73-62 (E.D.-D.)
| | - Emilie Dubois-Deruy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, 59000 Lille, France; (V.P.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (O.B.); (W.H.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (E.D.-D.); Tel.: +33-(0)3-20-87-72-15 (F.P.); +33-(0)3-20-87-73-62 (E.D.-D.)
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27
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Is Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress a Viable Therapeutic Target in Preeclampsia? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020210. [PMID: 35204094 PMCID: PMC8868187 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable research efforts over the past few decades, the pathology of preeclampsia (PE) remains poorly understood with no new FDA-approved treatments. There is a substantial amount of work being conducted by investigators around the world to identify targets to develop therapies for PE. Oxidative stress has been identified as one of the crucial players in pathogenesis of PE and has garnered a great deal of attention by several research groups including ours. While antioxidants have shown therapeutic benefit in preclinical models of PE, the clinical trials evaluating antioxidants (vitamin E and vitamin C) were found to be disappointing. Although the idea behind contribution of mitochondrial oxidative stress in PE is not new, recent years have seen an enormous interest in exploring mitochondrial oxidative stress as an important pathological mediator in PE. We and others using animals, cell models, and preeclamptic patient samples have shown the evidence for placental, renal, and endothelial cell mitochondrial oxidative stress, and its significance in PE. These studies offer promising results; however, the important and relevant question is can we translate these results into clinical efficacy in treating PE. Hence, the purpose of this review is to review the existing literature and offer our insights on the potential of mitochondrial antioxidants in treating PE.
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28
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Câmara DR, Ibanescu I, Siuda M, Bollwein H. Mitoquinone does not improve sperm cryo-resistance in bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:10-18. [PMID: 34626138 PMCID: PMC9298030 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with impaired post-thaw sperm quality. As mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sperm, the goal of this study was to evaluate effects of the mitochondria-targeting antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) during cryopreservation of bull sperm. Semen was collected from 11 Simmental bulls (two ejaculates per bull) and diluted in Triladyl® supplemented with various concentrations of MitoQ (0, 0.2, 2, and 20 nM) to a final concentration of 65 × 106 sperm/ml. After thawing (0 and 3 hr), we assessed the following sperm traits: sperm motility by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), DNA fragmentation index by SCSA® and plasma and acrosome membrane integrity, intracellular calcium concentration, esterase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential and synthesis of ROS using two multicolour flow cytometric assays. After 3 hr of incubation, 20 nM MitoQ increased (p < .05) sperm ROS synthesis compared to Control, whereas none of the other quality parameters were altered (p > .05). Therefore, we concluded that addition of MitoQ to semen extender before cryopreservation of bull sperm was unable to improve post-thaw sperm quality. Furthermore, 20 nM of MitoQ increased frozen-thawed sperm ROS synthesis, without apparent negative effects on the evaluated sperm traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iulian Ibanescu
- Clinic of Reproductive MedicineVetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mathias Siuda
- Clinic of Reproductive MedicineVetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Heinrich Bollwein
- Clinic of Reproductive MedicineVetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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29
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Fernandes C, Videira AJC, Veloso CD, Benfeito S, Soares P, Martins JD, Gonçalves B, Duarte JFS, Santos AMS, Oliveira PJ, Borges F, Teixeira J, Silva FSG. Cytotoxicity and Mitochondrial Effects of Phenolic and Quinone-Based Mitochondria-Targeted and Untargeted Antioxidants on Human Neuronal and Hepatic Cell Lines: A Comparative Analysis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1605. [PMID: 34827603 PMCID: PMC8615458 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondriotropic antioxidants (MC3, MC6.2, MC4 and MC7.2) based on dietary antioxidants and analogs (caffeic, hydrocaffeic, trihydroxyphenylpropanoic and trihydroxycinnamic acids) were developed. In this study, we evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity profile of novel mitochondria-targeted molecules (generally known as MitoCINs) on human HepG2 and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with the quinone-based mitochondria-targeted antioxidants MitoQ and SkQ1 and with two non-targeted antioxidants, resveratrol and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). We further evaluate their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, cellular oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates. Overall, MitoCINs derivatives reduced cell viability at concentrations about six times higher than those observed with MitoQ and SkQ1. A toxicity ranking for both cell lines was produced: MC4 < MC7.2 < MC3 < MC6.2. These results suggest that C-6 carbon linker and the presence of a pyrogallol group result in lower cytotoxicity. MC3 and MC6.2 affected the mitochondrial function more significantly relative to MitoQ, SkQ1, resveratrol and CoQ10, while MC4 and MC7.2 displayed around 100-1000 times less cytotoxicity than SkQ1 and MitoQ. Based on the mitochondrial and cytotoxicity cellular data, MC4 and MC7.2 are proposed as leads that can be optimized to develop safe drug candidates with therapeutic application in mitochondrial oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernandes
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Afonso J. C. Videira
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Caroline D. Veloso
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.B.); (P.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Pedro Soares
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.B.); (P.S.); (F.B.)
| | - João D. Martins
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Beatriz Gonçalves
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - José F. S. Duarte
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - António M. S. Santos
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.B.); (P.S.); (F.B.)
| | - José Teixeira
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Filomena S. G. Silva
- Mitotag, Biocant Park, Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Núcleo 04, Lote 4, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (A.J.C.V.); (C.D.V.); (J.D.M.); (B.G.); (J.F.S.D.); (A.M.S.S.); (J.T.)
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Chemotherapy-induced hearing loss: the applications of bio-nanotechnologies and bile acid-based delivery matrices. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:723-737. [PMID: 34697955 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancement in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced hearing loss has proposed new nano-based delivery matrices that can target inner ear regions most damaged by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy agents (e.g., cisplatin) induce increased reactive oxygen species formation in the inner ear that damage sensory hair cells and result in irreversible hearing impairment. Exogenous antioxidants (e.g., Probucol and metformin) have been shown to block the formation of these reactive oxygen species. Delivery of these drugs in effective concentrations remains a challenge. Microencapsulation in combination with drug excipients provides one technique to effectively deliver these drugs. This paper investigates the use of probucol and metformin in combination with drug excipients for novel, inner ear, delivery.
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Jamalpoor A, Othman A, Levtchenko EN, Masereeuw R, Janssen MJ. Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Options of Nephropathic Cystinosis. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:673-686. [PMID: 33975805 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nephropathic cystinosis is a severe, monogenic systemic disorder that presents early in life and leads to progressive organ damage, particularly affecting the kidneys. It is caused by mutations in the CTNS gene, which encodes the lysosomal transporter cystinosin, resulting in intralysosomal accumulation of cystine. Recent studies demonstrated that the loss of cystinosin is associated with disrupted autophagy dynamics, accumulation of distorted mitochondria, and increased oxidative stress, leading to abnormal proliferation and dysfunction of kidney cells. We discuss these molecular mechanisms driving nephropathic cystinosis. Further, we consider how unravelling molecular mechanisms supports the identification and development of new strategies for cystinosis by the use of small molecules, biologicals, and genetic rescue of the disease in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Jamalpoor
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amr Othman
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elena N Levtchenko
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology & Growth and Regeneration, University Hospitals Leuven & KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Manoe J Janssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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32
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Timblin GA, Tharp KM, Ford B, Winchester JM, Wang J, Zhu S, Khan RI, Louie SK, Iavarone AT, Ten Hoeve J, Nomura DK, Stahl A, Saijo K. Mitohormesis reprogrammes macrophage metabolism to enforce tolerance. Nat Metab 2021; 3:618-635. [PMID: 34031590 PMCID: PMC8162914 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00392-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages generate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial reactive electrophilic species as antimicrobials during Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent inflammatory responses. Whether mitochondrial stress caused by these molecules impacts macrophage function is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that both pharmacologically driven and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven mitochondrial stress in macrophages triggers a stress response called mitohormesis. LPS-driven mitohormetic stress adaptations occur as macrophages transition from an LPS-responsive to LPS-tolerant state wherein stimulus-induced pro-inflammatory gene transcription is impaired, suggesting tolerance is a product of mitohormesis. Indeed, like LPS, hydroxyoestrogen-triggered mitohormesis suppresses mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and acetyl-CoA production needed for histone acetylation and pro-inflammatory gene transcription, and is sufficient to enforce an LPS-tolerant state. Thus, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial reactive electrophilic species are TLR-dependent signalling molecules that trigger mitohormesis as a negative feedback mechanism to restrain inflammation via tolerance. Moreover, bypassing TLR signalling and pharmacologically triggering mitohormesis represents a new anti-inflammatory strategy that co-opts this stress response to impair epigenetic support of pro-inflammatory gene transcription by mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A Timblin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin M Tharp
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Breanna Ford
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Janet M Winchester
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jerome Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stella Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rida I Khan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shannon K Louie
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Anthony T Iavarone
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Johanna Ten Hoeve
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging and UCLA Metabolomics Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kaoru Saijo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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33
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Sassetti E, Clausen MH, Laraia L. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Reactive Oxygen Species Production. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5252-5275. [PMID: 33856791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in physiological cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis by acting as signaling molecules or regulators of transcription factors. The maintenance of appropriate cellular ROS levels is termed redox homeostasis, a balance between their production and neutralization. High concentrations of ROS may contribute to severe pathological events including cancer, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, approaches to target the sources of ROS production directly in order to develop tool compounds or potential therapeutics have been explored. Herein, we briefly outline the major sources of cellular ROS production and comprehensively review the targeting of these by small-molecule inhibitors. We critically assess the value of ROS inhibitors with different mechanisms-of-action, including their potency, mode-of-action, known off-target effects, and clinical or preclinical status, while suggesting future avenues of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Sassetti
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mads H Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luca Laraia
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Le Gal K, Wiel C, Ibrahim MX, Henricsson M, Sayin VI, Bergo MO. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants MitoQ and MitoTEMPO Do Not Influence BRAF-Driven Malignant Melanoma and KRAS-Driven Lung Cancer Progression in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020163. [PMID: 33499262 PMCID: PMC7912553 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells produce high levels of mitochondria-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage macromolecules, but also promote cell signaling and proliferation. Therefore, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have been suggested to be useful in anti-cancer therapy, but no studies have convincingly addressed this question. Here, we administered the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants MitoQ and MitoTEMPO to mice with BRAF-induced malignant melanoma and KRAS-induced lung cancer, and found that these compounds had no impact on the number of primary tumors and metastases; and did not influence mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage levels. Moreover, MitoQ and MitoTEMPO did not influence proliferation of human melanoma and lung cancer cell lines. MitoQ and its control substance dTPP, but not MitoTEMPO, increased glycolytic rates and reduced respiration in melanoma cells; whereas only dTPP produced this effect in lung cancer cells. Our results do not support the use of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants for anti-cancer monotherapy, at least not in malignant melanoma and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristell Le Gal
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (K.L.G.); (C.W.); (V.I.S.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (K.L.G.); (C.W.); (V.I.S.)
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 123 43 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Mohamed X. Ibrahim
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 123 43 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Marcus Henricsson
- Wallenberg laboratory, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Volkan I. Sayin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (K.L.G.); (C.W.); (V.I.S.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin O. Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 123 43 Huddinge, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
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35
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Fock EM, Parnova RG. Protective Effect of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants against Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide Challenge: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020144. [PMID: 33499252 PMCID: PMC7910823 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is the most abundant proinflammatory agent. Considerable evidence indicates that LPS challenge inescapably causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to cell and tissue damage. Increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation triggered by LPS is known to play a key role in the progression of the inflammatory response. mtROS at excessive levels impair electron transport chain functioning, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, and initiate lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage of mitochondrial proteins and mtDNA. Over the past 20 years, a large number of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (mito-AOX) of different structures that can accumulate inside mitochondria and scavenge free radicals have been synthesized. Their protective role based on the prevention of oxidative stress and the restoration of mitochondrial function has been demonstrated in a variety of common diseases and pathological states. This paper reviews the current data on the beneficial application of different mito-AOX in animal endotoxemia models, in either in vivo or in vitro experiments. The results presented in our review demonstrate the promising potential of approaches based on mito-AOX in the development of new treatment strategies against Gram-negative infections and LPS per se.
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36
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Hebert JF, Myatt L. Placental mitochondrial dysfunction with metabolic diseases: Therapeutic approaches. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:165967. [PMID: 32920120 PMCID: PMC8043619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) lead to poor maternal and fetal outcomes, including pregnancy complications, fetal growth issues, stillbirth, and developmental programming of adult-onset disease in the offspring. Increased placental oxidative/nitrative stress and reduced placental (trophoblast) mitochondrial respiration occur in association with the altered maternal metabolic milieu of obesity and GDM. The effect is particularly evident when the fetus is male, suggesting a sexually dimorphic influence on the placenta. In addition, obesity and GDM are associated with inflexibility in trophoblast, limiting the ability to switch between usage of glucose, fatty acids, and glutamine as substrates for oxidative phosphorylation, again in a sexually dimorphic manner. Here we review mechanisms underlying placental mitochondrial dysfunction: its relationship to maternal and fetal outcomes and the influence of fetal sex. Prevention of placental oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may improve pregnancy outcomes. We outline pathways to ameliorate deficient mitochondrial respiration, particularly the benefits and pitfalls of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F Hebert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
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37
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Parodi-Rullán R, Sone JY, Fossati S. Endothelial Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:1019-1039. [PMID: 31306129 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as in vascular and mixed dementias. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), the deposition of amyloid around cerebral vessels, is observed in up to 90% of AD patients and in approximately 50% of elderly individuals over 80 years of age. CAA is a strong contributor to vascular dysfunction in AD. CAA-laden brain vessels are characterized by dysfunctional hemodynamics and leaky blood-brain barrier (BBB), contributing to clearance failure and further accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the cerebrovasculature and brain parenchyma. Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important early initiator of the pathogenesis of AD and CAA. The objective of this review is to discuss the effects of Aβ on cerebral microvascular cell function, focusing on its impact on endothelial mitochondria. After introducing CAA and its etiology and genetic risk factors, we describe the pathological relationship between cerebrovascular amyloidosis and brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction, critically analyzing its roles in disease progression, hypoperfusion, and BBB integrity. Then, we focus on discussing the effect of Aβ challenge on endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction pathways, and their contribution to the progression of neurovascular dysfunction in AD and dementia. Finally, we report potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies which may help prevent or delay cerebrovascular failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Parodi-Rullán
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Je Yeong Sone
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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38
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Groh LA, Riksen NP. Macrophage mitochondrial superoxides as a target for atherosclerotic disease treatment. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 129:105883. [PMID: 33176186 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Although many effective therapies exist, a substantial portion of patients remain unprotected by current measures. Recent advances in the understanding of the underpinning cause of CVD, atherosclerosis, have demonstrated the important causative role of inflammation in disease progression. Monocytes are important protagonists of atherosclerosis, and they have been shown to have elevated reliance on mitochondrial metabolism producing elevated levels of superoxides as a noxious byproduct. There exists a key link between mitochondrial superoxides production and inflammatory output in monocytes in the context of atherosclerosis. In this review we describe mitochondrial superoxide lowering strategies in order to broaden the scope of treatment strategies for CVD. We further explore strategies for more effective and selective targeting of the involved monocytes and macrophages in order to increase potency of effect and diminish side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo A Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine & Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine & Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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39
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Cantarero A, Andrade P, Carneiro M, Moreno-Borrallo A, Alonso-Alvarez C. Testing the carotenoid-based sexual signalling mechanism by altering CYP2J19 gene expression and colour in a bird species. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201067. [PMID: 33171089 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ornaments can evolve to reveal individual quality when their production/maintenance costs make them reliable as 'signals' or if their expression level is intrinsically linked to condition by some unfalsifiable mechanism (indices). The latter has been mostly associated with traits constrained by body size. In red ketocarotenoid-based colorations, that link could, instead, be established with cell respiration at the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). The production mechanism could be independent of resource (yellow carotenoids) availability, thus discarding costs linked to allocation trade-offs. A gene coding for a ketolase enzyme (CYP2J19) responsible for converting dietary yellow carotenoids to red ketocarotenoids has recently been described. We treated male zebra finches with an antioxidant designed to penetrate the IMM (mitoTEMPO) and a thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine) with known hypermetabolic effects. Among hormone controls, MitoTEMPO downregulated CYP2J19 in the bill (a red ketocarotenoid-based ornament), supporting the mitochondrial involvement in ketolase function. Both treatments interacted when increasing hormone dosage, indicating that mitochondria and thyroid metabolisms could simultaneously regulate coloration. Moreover, CYP2J19 expression was positively correlated to redness but also to yellow carotenoid levels in the blood. However, treatment effects were not annulated when controlling for blood carotenoid variability, which suggests that costs linked to resource availability could be minor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cantarero
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland.,Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Andrade
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Miguel Carneiro
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Adrián Moreno-Borrallo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Alvarez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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40
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Cantarero A, Mateo R, Camarero PR, Alonso D, Fernandez‐Eslava B, Alonso‐Alvarez C. Testing the shared‐pathway hypothesis in the carotenoid‐based coloration of red crossbills. Evolution 2020; 74:2348-2364. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.14073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cantarero
- Section of Ecology, Deparment of Biology University of Turku Turku 20014 Finland
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales ‐ CSIC C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC ‐ UCLM ‐ JCCM) Ronda de Toledo 12 Ciudad Real 13005 Spain
| | - Pablo R Camarero
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC ‐ UCLM ‐ JCCM) Ronda de Toledo 12 Ciudad Real 13005 Spain
| | - Daniel Alonso
- Department of Ornithology Aranzadi Sciences Society Zorroagagaina 11, E‐20014 Donostia‐San Sebastián Spain
| | - Blanca Fernandez‐Eslava
- Department of Ornithology Aranzadi Sciences Society Zorroagagaina 11, E‐20014 Donostia‐San Sebastián Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso‐Alvarez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales ‐ CSIC C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain
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Jiang C, Li Z, Shi Y, Guo D, Pang B, Chen X, Shao D, Liu Y, Shi J. Bacillus subtilis inhibits Aspergillus carbonarius by producing iturin A, which disturbs the transport, energy metabolism, and osmotic pressure of fungal cells as revealed by transcriptomics analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 330:108783. [PMID: 32659523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of Aspergillus carbonarius causes decreases and great decay of agricultural products, and threatens the human and animal health by producing mycotoxins, especially ochratoxin A. Bacillus subtilis has been proved to efficiently inhibit the growth of A. carbonarius. Revealing the major active compound and the mechanisms for the antifungal of B. subtilis are essential to enhance its antifungal activity and control the quality of antifungal products made of it. In this study, we determined that iturin A is the major compound that inhibits Aspergillus carbonarius, a widespread fungal pathogen of grape and other fruits. Iturin A significantly inhibited growth and ochratoxin A production of A. carbonarius with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 10 μg/mL and 0.312 μg/mL, respectively. Morphological observations revealed that iturin A caused swelling of the fungal cells and thinning of the cell wall and membrane at 1/2 MIC, whereas it inhibited fungal spore germination and caused mitochondrial swelling at higher concentrations. A differential transcriptomic analysis indicated that the mechanisms used by iturin A to inhibit A. carbonarius were to downregulate the expression of genes related to cell membrane, transport, osmotic pressure, oxidation-reduction processes, and energy metabolism. Among the down-regulated genes, those related to the transport capacity were most significantly influenced, including the increase of energy-related transport pathways and decrease of other pathways. Notably, the genes related to taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were also decreased, indicating iturin A potentially cause the occurrence of osmotic imbalance in A. carbonarius, which may be the intrinsic cause for the swelling of fungal cells and mitochondria. Overall, iturin A produced by B. subtilis played important roles to inhibit A. carbonarius via changing the fungal cell structure and causing perturbations to energy, transport and osmotic pressure metabolisms in fungi. The results indicated a new direction for researches on the mechanisms for lipopeptides and provided useful information to develop more efficient antifungal agents, which are important to agriculture and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Zhenzhu Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yihong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Bin Pang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Xianqing Chen
- Jiaxing Synbiolab Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province 314006, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, 23 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Space Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710072, China.
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Haddad S, Abánades Lázaro I, Fantham M, Mishra A, Silvestre-Albero J, Osterrieth JWM, Kaminski Schierle GS, Kaminski CF, Forgan RS, Fairen-Jimenez D. Design of a Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework System for Enhanced Targeted Delivery to Mitochondria. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6661-6674. [PMID: 32182066 PMCID: PMC7146860 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in oncogenesis and constitute one of the most important targets for cancer treatments. Although the most effective way to deliver drugs to mitochondria is by covalently linking them to a lipophilic cation, the in vivo delivery of free drugs still constitutes a critical bottleneck. Herein, we report the design of a mitochondria-targeted metal-organic framework (MOF) that greatly increases the efficacy of a model cancer drug, reducing the required dose to less than 1% compared to the free drug and ca. 10% compared to the nontargeted MOF. The performance of the system is evaluated using a holistic approach ranging from microscopy to transcriptomics. Super-resolution microscopy of MCF-7 cells treated with the targeted MOF system reveals important mitochondrial morphology changes that are clearly associated with cell death as soon as 30 min after incubation. Whole transcriptome analysis of cells indicates widespread changes in gene expression when treated with the MOF system, specifically in biological processes that have a profound effect on cell physiology and that are related to cell death. We show how targeting MOFs toward mitochondria represents a valuable strategy for the development of new drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salame Haddad
- Adsorption
& Advanced Materials Laboratory (AAML), Department of Chemical
Engineering & Biotechnology, University
of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Isabel Abánades Lázaro
- WestCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University
Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Marcus Fantham
- Laser
Analytics Group, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Ajay Mishra
- Cambridge
Infinitus Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering &
Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Joaquin Silvestre-Albero
- Laboratorio
de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto
Universitario de Materiales, Universidad
de Alicante, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Johannes W. M. Osterrieth
- Adsorption
& Advanced Materials Laboratory (AAML), Department of Chemical
Engineering & Biotechnology, University
of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Gabriele S. Kaminski Schierle
- Molecular
Neuroscience Group, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Laser
Analytics Group, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Ross S. Forgan
- WestCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University
Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - David Fairen-Jimenez
- Adsorption
& Advanced Materials Laboratory (AAML), Department of Chemical
Engineering & Biotechnology, University
of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
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43
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McElwain CJ, Tuboly E, McCarthy FP, McCarthy CM. Mechanisms of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pre-eclampsia and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Windows Into Future Cardiometabolic Health? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:655. [PMID: 33042016 PMCID: PMC7516342 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental insufficiency and adipose tissue dysregulation are postulated to play key roles in the pathophysiology of both pre-eclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A dysfunctional release of deleterious signaling motifs can offset an increase in circulating oxidative stressors, pro-inflammatory factors and various cytokines. It has been previously postulated that endothelial dysfunction, instigated by signaling from endocrine organs such as the placenta and adipose tissue, may be a key mediator of the vasculopathy that is evident in both adverse obstetric complications. These signaling pathways also have significant effects on long term maternal cardiometabolic health outcomes, specifically cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type II diabetes. Recent studies have noted that both PE and GDM are strongly associated with lower maternal flow-mediated dilation, however the exact pathways which link endothelial dysfunction to clinical outcomes in these complications remains in question. The current diagnostic regimen for both PE and GDM lacks specificity and consistency in relation to clinical guidelines. Furthermore, current therapeutic options rely largely on clinical symptom control such as antihypertensives and insulin therapy, rather than that of early intervention or prophylaxis. A better understanding of the pathogenic origin of these obstetric complications will allow for more targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review we will explore the complex signaling relationship between the placenta and adipose tissue in PE and GDM and investigate how these intricate pathways affect maternal endothelial function and, hence, play a role in acute pathophysiology and the development of future chronic maternal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm J. McElwain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Colm J. McElwain
| | - Eszter Tuboly
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M. McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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44
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Azzolini M, Parrasia S, Szabò I, Zoratti M. Strategies to target bioactive molecules to subcellular compartments. Focus on natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111557. [PMID: 31374419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many potential pharmacological targets are present in multiple subcellular compartments and have different pathophysiological roles depending on location. In these cases, selective targeting of a drug to the relevant subcellular domain(s) may help to sharpen its impact by providing topological specificity, thus limiting side effects, and to concentrate the compound where needed, thus increasing its effectiveness. We review here the state of the art in precision subcellular delivery. The major approaches confer "homing" properties to the active principle via permanent or reversible (in pro-drug fashion) modifications, or through the use of special-design nanoparticles or liposomes to ferry a drug(s) cargo to its desired destination. An assortment of peptides, substituents with delocalized positive charges, custom-blended lipid mixtures, pH- or enzyme-sensitive groups provide the main tools of the trade. Mitochondria, lysosomes and the cell membrane may be mentioned as the fronts on which the most significant advances have been made. Most of the examples presented here have to do with targeting natural compounds - in particular polyphenols, known as pleiotropic agents - to one or the other subcellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Dept. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
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45
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Zhou Y, Long Q, Wu H, Li W, Qi J, Wu Y, Xiang G, Tang H, Yang L, Chen K, Li L, Bao F, Li H, Wang Y, Li M, Liu X. Topology-dependent, bifurcated mitochondrial quality control under starvation. Autophagy 2019; 16:562-574. [PMID: 31234709 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1634944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective elimination of mitochondria by autophagy is a critical strategy for a variety of physiological processes, including development, cell-fate determination and stress response. Although several mechanisms have been identified as responsible for selective degradation of mitochondria, such as the PINK1-PRKN/PARKIN- and receptor-dependent pathways, aspects of the mechanisms and particularly the principles underlying the selection process of mitochondria remain obscure. Here, we addressed a new selection strategy in which the selective elimination of mitochondria is dependent on organellar topology. We found that populations of mitochondria undergo different topological transformations under serum starvation, either swelling or forming donut shapes. Swollen mitochondria are associated with mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and PRKN recruitment, which promote their selective elimination, while the donut topology maintains mitochondrial membrane potential and helps mitochondria resist autophagy. Mechanistic studies show that donuts resist autophagy even after depolarization through preventing recruitment of autophagosome receptors CALCOCO2/NDP52 and OPTN even after PRKN recruitment. Our results demonstrate topology-dependent, bifurcated mitochondrial recycling under starvation, that is swollen mitochondria undergo removal by autophagy, while donut mitochondria undergo fission and fusion cycles for reintegration. This study reveals a novel morphological selection for control of mitochondrial quality and quantity under starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juntao Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haite Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keshi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linpeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feixiang Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaofeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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46
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Multifunctional radical quenchers as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1605-1624. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a wide range of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, and is believed to cause or contribute to the etiology of these diseases. These disorders are frequently associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. One of the design strategies for therapeutic intervention involves the development of novel small molecules containing redox cores, which can scavenge reactive oxygen radicals and selectively block oxidative damage to the mitochondria. Presently, we describe recent research dealing with multifunctional radical quenchers as antioxidants able to scavenge reactive oxygen radicals. The review encompasses ubiquinone and tocopherol analogs, as well as novel pyri(mi)dinol derivatives, and their ability to function as protective agents in cellular models of mitochondrial diseases.
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47
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Abstract
This review addresses novel approaches for influencing the transcriptome, the
epigenome, the microbiome, the proteome, and the energy metabolome. These innovations
help develop psychotropic medications which will directly reach the molecular
targets, leading to beneficial effects, and which will be individually adapted to
provide more efficacy and less toxicity. The series of advances described here show
that these once utopian goals for psychiatric treatment are now real themes of
research, indicating that the future path for psychopharmacology might not be as
narrow and grim as considered during the last few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Schulz
- Private practice as psychiatrist; Head of the Unit of Clinical Psychopharmacology (retired), Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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48
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Webb M, Sideris DP, Biddle M. Modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction for treatment of disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1270-1277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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49
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Bond ST, Kim J, Calkin AC, Drew BG. The Antioxidant Moiety of MitoQ Imparts Minimal Metabolic Effects in Adipose Tissue of High Fat Fed Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:543. [PMID: 31139092 PMCID: PMC6517842 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a diverse array of diseases ranging from dystrophy and heart failure to obesity and hepatosteatosis. One of the major biochemical consequences of impaired mitochondrial function is an accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide, or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS can be detrimental to cellular health and is proposed to underpin many mitochondrial diseases. Accordingly, much research has been committed to understanding ways to therapeutically prevent and reduce ROS accumulation. In white adipose tissue (WAT), ROS is associated with obesity and its subsequent complications, and thus reducing mitochondrial ROS may represent a novel strategy for treating obesity related disorders. One therapeutic approach employed to reduce ROS abundance is the mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q (MitoQ), which enables mitochondrial specific delivery of a CoQ10 antioxidant via its triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP+) cation. Indeed, MitoQ has been successfully shown to accumulate at the outer mitochondrial membrane and prevent ROS accumulation in several tissues in vivo; however, the specific effects of MitoQ on adipose tissue metabolism in vivo have not been studied. Here we demonstrate that mice fed high-fat diet with concomitant administration of MitoQ, exhibit minimal metabolic benefit in adipose tissue. We also demonstrate that both MitoQ and its control agent dTPP+ had significant and equivalent effects on whole-body metabolism, suggesting that the dTPP+ cation rather than the antioxidant moiety, was responsible for these changes. These findings have important implications for future studies using MitoQ and other TPP+ compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Bond
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jisu Kim
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna C Calkin
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brian G Drew
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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50
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Mitochondrial Targeting of Antioxidants Alters Pancreatic Acinar Cell Bioenergetics and Determines Cell Fate. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071700. [PMID: 30959771 PMCID: PMC6480340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a core feature of acute pancreatitis, a severe disease in which oxidative stress is elevated. Mitochondrial targeting of antioxidants is a potential therapeutic strategy for this and other diseases, although thus far mixed results have been reported. We investigated the effects of mitochondrial targeting with the antioxidant MitoQ on pancreatic acinar cell bioenergetics, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and cell fate, in comparison with the non-antioxidant control decyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (DecylTPP) and general antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). MitoQ (µM range) and NAC (mM range) caused sustained elevations of basal respiration and the inhibition of spare respiratory capacity, which was attributable to an antioxidant action since these effects were minimal with DecylTPP. Although MitoQ but not DecylTPP decreased cellular NADH levels, mitochondrial ATP turnover capacity and cellular ATP concentrations were markedly reduced by both MitoQ and DecylTPP, indicating a non-specific effect of mitochondrial targeting. All three compounds were associated with a compensatory elevation of glycolysis and concentration-dependent increases in acinar cell apoptosis and necrosis. These data suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute a significant negative feedback control of basal cellular metabolism. Mitochondrial targeting using positively charged molecules that insert into the inner mitochondrial member appears to be deleterious in pancreatic acinar cells, as does an antioxidant strategy for the treatment of acute pancreatitis.
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