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McGraw KE, Schilling K, Glabonjat RA, Galvez-Fernandez M, Domingo-Relloso A, Martinez-Morata I, Jones MR, Nigra A, Post WS, Kaufman J, Tellez-Plaza M, Valeri L, Brown ER, Kronmal RA, Barr RG, Shea S, Navas-Acien A, Sanchez TR. Urinary Metal Levels and Coronary Artery Calcification: Longitudinal Evidence in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024:S0735-1097(24)07961-0. [PMID: 39297845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to metals, a newly recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), could be related to atherosclerosis progression. OBJECTIVES The authors hypothesized that higher urinary levels of nonessential (cadmium, tungsten, uranium) and essential (cobalt, copper, zinc) metals previously associated with CVD would be associated with baseline and rate of change of coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression, a subclinical marker of CVD in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). METHODS We analyzed data from 6,418 MESA participants with spot urinary metal levels at baseline (2000-2002) and 1 to 4 repeated, continuous measures of CAC over a 10-year period. We used linear mixed-effect models to assess the association of baseline urinary metal levels with baseline CAC and cumulative change in CAC over a 10-year period. Urinary metals (μg/g creatinine) and CAC were log transformed. Models were adjusted for baseline sociodemographic factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, lifestyle factors, and clinical factors. RESULTS At baseline, the median CAC was 6.3 (Q1-Q3: 0.7-58.2). Comparing the highest to lowest quartile of urinary cadmium, CAC levels were 51% (95% CI: 32%-74%) higher at baseline and 75% (95% CI: 47%-107%) higher over the 10-year period. For urinary tungsten, uranium, and cobalt, the corresponding CAC levels over the 10-year period were 45% (95% CI: 23%-71%), 39% (95% CI: 17%-64%), and 47% (95% CI: 25%-74%) higher, respectively, with no difference for models with and without adjustment for clinical factors. For copper and zinc, the corresponding estimates dropped from 55% to 33% and from 85% to 57%, respectively, after adjustment for clinical factors. The associations of metals with CAC were comparable in magnitude to those for classical CVD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to metals was generally associated with extent of coronary calcification at baseline and follow-up. These findings support that metals are associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, potentially providing a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn E McGraw
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Kathrin Schilling
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ronald A Glabonjat
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marta Galvez-Fernandez
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irene Martinez-Morata
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miranda R Jones
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anne Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Valeri
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Brown
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard A Kronmal
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven Shea
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiffany R Sanchez
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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Matin M, Salehcheh M, Ahmadzadeh A, Khorasgani ZN, Khodayar MJ. Serum and urinary cadmium and zinc profiles in breast cancer patients and their association with estrogen and HER-2 receptors, and redox status. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 86:127513. [PMID: 39178557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium, a metal implicated in environmental toxicity, is linked to tumor growth and cancer. On the other hand, zinc plays an essential function in oxidative stress and can counteract cadmium toxicity and carcinogenicity. This research aims to evaluate the urine and serum values of cadmium and zinc in breast cancer (BC) patients and their association with estrogen (ER) and HER-2 receptors, and redox status. METHODS Forty BC patients and thirty healthy subjects participated in this study. Cadmium and zinc levels were measured in serum and urine samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Redox status markers were determined by colorimetric methods. RESULTS The amount of cadmium in the BC patients was substantially greater than in the healthy subjects. Zinc levels were significantly lower in patients with BC compared to controls. Breast cancer patients with ER-positive tumors had significantly higher urinary cadmium concentrations (U-Cd) compared to patients with ER-negative tumors. There was no significant difference between the parameters of redox status and the value of cadmium and zinc between patients with BC in the HER-2 subgroup. Malondialdehyde levels in the serum were substantially greater in BC patients than in healthy subjects. Total thiol level and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in serum were considerably lower in BC patients than in healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS The etiology of BC may be due to a disturbance in redox status and levels of elements. Increasing U-Cd and lowering zinc levels in the serum could be the risk factors for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoush Matin
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maryam Salehcheh
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ahmad Ahmadzadeh
- Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Nazari Khorasgani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Peña J, González-Mariño I, Pérez Pavón JL. In-situ acetylation followed by liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry for the determination of bromophenols in urine. Talanta 2024; 275:126146. [PMID: 38678925 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
A novel and simple method combining in-situ acetylation, liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for the quantification of 10 bromophenols in urine, used as biomarkers of exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The analytical process involves an enzymatic hydrolysis of the bromophenol glucuronide fraction followed by an aqueous derivatization of the phenol group with acetic anhydride. A subsequent liquid-liquid extraction of the sample with hexane allows the injection of the organic layer, using a programmed temperature vaporizer, into a gas chromatograph coupled to a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. Quantification is performed by the standard addition method. Limits of detection are in the pg mL-1 range. Trueness, assessed in terms of percentages of recovery, varies between 100 % and 118 % in synthetic urine and between 79 % and 117 % in human urine. Precision, assessed at two different levels, 0.25 ng mL-1 and 2.5 ng mL-1, shows values of relative standard deviation below 14 % both in intra- and inter-day studies for both matrices. The method has been applied to the analysis of seven urine samples, measuring concentrations higher than the LOQ in three of them. These levels are in agreement with others found in literature, but they have been obtained by applying a much simpler and faster protocol. In addition, the replacement of silylating reagents by acetic anhydride, to derivatize the phenol moiety, provides a greener alternative to other GC-MS procedures published up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Peña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Iria González-Mariño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - José Luis Pérez Pavón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Saddique Z, Saeed M, Faheem M, Bajwa SZ, Mujahid A, Afzal A. Core-shell niobium(v) oxide@molecularly imprinted polythiophene nanoreceptors for transformative, real-time creatinine analysis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3644-3654. [PMID: 38989513 PMCID: PMC11232539 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00300d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Creatinine, a byproduct of muscle metabolism, is typically filtered by the kidneys. Deviations from normal concentrations of creatinine in human saliva serve as a crucial biomarker for renal diseases. Monitoring these levels becomes particularly essential for individuals undergoing dialysis and those with kidney conditions. This study introduces an innovative disposable point-of-care (PoC) sensor device designed for the prompt detection and continuous monitoring of trace amounts of creatinine. The sensor employs a unique design, featuring a creatinine-imprinted polythiophene matrix combined with niobium oxide nanoparticles. These components are coated onto a screen-printed working electrode. Thorough assessments of creatinine concentrations, spanning from 0 to 1000 nM in a redox solution at pH 7.4 and room temperature, are conducted using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The devised sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 4.614 μA cm-2 nM-1, an impressive trace level limit of detection at 34 pM, and remarkable selectivity for creatinine compared to other analytes found in human saliva, such as glucose, glutamine, urea, tyrosine, etc. Real saliva samples subjected to the sensor reveal a 100% recovery rate. This sensor, characterized by its high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, selectivity, and reproducibility, holds significant promise for real-time applications in monitoring creatinine levels in individuals with kidney and muscle-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Saddique
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Saeed
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| | - Sadia Z Bajwa
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering PO Box 577, Jhang Road Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Adeel Afzal
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
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Lang F, Wollschläger D, Letzel DIS, Roßbach B. Renal excretion of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) in firefighting instructors after exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during live fire training. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15230. [PMID: 38956405 PMCID: PMC11219744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure of firefighting instructors to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene is unavoidable during live fire training. The study aimed to investigate naphthalene uptake by measuring the urinary excretion of the naphthalene metabolite 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), to describe the DHN elimination kinetics and to evaluate the results by comparison to further biomarkers of PAH exposure. N = 6 male non-smoking firefighting instructors completed five training sessions each in a residential fire simulation unit under respiratory protection. All participants provided two urine samples before and another seven samples within an 18-h-interval after each session. DHN was detected by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in all samples (n = 237) with median concentrations ranging from 3.3 µg/g crea. (range 0.9-10.2) before exposure to 134.2 µg/g crea. (43.4-380.4) post exposure. Maximum elimination found 3.3 h (median) after onset of exposure decreased with a mean half-life of 6.6 h to 27.1 µg/g crea. (15.7-139.5) 18 h after training. DHN sensitively indicated a presumed dermal naphthalene intake during training, showing similar elimination kinetics like other naphthalene metabolites. Internal exposure of the participants transiently exceeded exposures determined for non-smokers in the general population, but was lower than at other workplaces with PAH exposure. Despite limited uptake, accumulation is possible with daily exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Lang
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Daniel Wollschläger
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dipl-Ing Stephan Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernd Roßbach
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Stehlé T, Delanaye P. Which is the best glomerular filtration marker: Creatinine, cystatin C or both? Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14278. [PMID: 38949475 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is estimated by the serum or plasma concentration of creatinine and/or cystatin C using equations that include demographic data. The equations worldwide most widely used are those of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) consortium and updated in 2021 to remove the Afro-American racial correction factor. In 2021 and then in 2023, the European Kidney Function Consortium also developed equations based on creatinine and cystatin C, usable across the full age spectrum, and constructed by including the Q value (i.e. the median creatinine or cystatin C in healthy men and women, which is customizable for specific populations). METHODS The aim of this narrative review is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of each biomarker. RESULTS Both biomarkers have non-GFR determinants, namely muscle mass, protein intake and tubular secretion for creatinine; dysthyroidism and systemic corticosteroids for cystatin C, as well as other more debated determinants (diabetes, obesity, proteinuria, inflammatory syndrome). These non-GFR determinants are the reason why no equation based on a single endogenous biomarker has an accuracy within 30% greater than 90% over the entire age spectrum (in at least one patient in 10, estimated GFR is at least 30% higher or at least 30% lower than the measured GFR). CONCLUSION Equations combining the two biomarkers provide a better estimate of GFR, particularly in the subgroup of patients whose estimates based on each of the biomarkers are highly discordant. These patients must also be identified as being at increased risk of morbidity, particularly cardiovascular, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stehlé
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire «Innovative therapy for immune disorders», Créteil, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Univ. Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Apheresis, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nîmes, France
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Frank A, Greve H, Hübner F, Humpf HU. Human Intervention Study: Alkylresorcinol Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers for Grain Intake and the Occurrence of Alkylresorcinols in Commonly Consumed Foods in the German Retail Sector. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23555-23566. [PMID: 38854560 PMCID: PMC11154960 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Grains are one of the primary nutrients and are associated with many health benefits. To reflect the intake of grain-based products, two promising potential biomarkers are alkylresorcinol (AR) metabolites 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,5-DHBA) and 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid (3,5-DHPPA). The aim of this study was to validate the occurrence of AR in food samples and investigate the suitability of their metabolites as potential biomarkers in human intervention studies. In the first step, the AR content in different grain products from the German retail sector was analyzed by GC-MS. ARs were found in higher concentrations in whole grain products and in moderate contents in refined grains and quinoa. Based on these results, human intervention studies were performed in the next step, and the AR metabolites 3,5-DHBA and 3,5-DHPPA were analyzed by LC-MS/MS in urine samples. The intake of only whole grain products leads to an increasing level of both potential biomarkers, while a refined grain diet shows decreasing levels of the AR metabolites. The excretion of 3,5-DHBA after a whole grain-rich diet differs significantly (p = 0.043) from no grain intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Frank
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hanna Greve
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Hübner
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Yang Z, Wang W, Lin L, Xiao K, Peng L, Gao X, Zhou L. The association between urinary organophosphate insecticide metabolites and erectile dysfunction in the United States. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:226-231. [PMID: 36513813 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) insecticides are the main chemicals used in agriculture for pest elimination, and they have been linked with many diseases. However, there is no literature regarding the impacts of organophosphate insecticide metabolite exposure on erectile dysfunction (ED). We aimed to evaluate the correlation between 4 urinary organophosphate insecticide metabolites and the presence of ED in a representative sample of men aged 20 and older. The dataset including a total of 555 subjects was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. ED was assessed by a question from a self-report questionnaire. Weighted proportions and multivariable logistic regression analysis were utilized to examine the relationship between organophosphate insecticide metabolite exposure and ED. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, diethylphosphate (DEP) was positively correlated with ED (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14; P = 0.033) after full adjustment. Men in DEP tertile 4 had a significant 33% higher risk of ED than those in tertile 1. Furthermore, in a subgroup analysis, our results showed that higher DEP levels were significantly associated with ED in the young age group (20 ≤ age ≤ 39). Our study revealed a significant association between organophosphate insecticide metabolite exposure and an increased risk of ED. Moreover, the correlations were more evident in the young age group. The evaluation of urinary organophosphate insecticide metabolite exposure should be included in the risk assessment of ED. Further study to investigate the underlying mechanism, such as how long the urinary metabolite is present, whether ED is reversible in this population by lowering DEP concentrations, and how exposure to this metabolite affects erectile tissue, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerui Yang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lede Lin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaiwen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Pottel H, Delanaye P, Cavalier E. Exploring Renal Function Assessment: Creatinine, Cystatin C, and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Focused on the European Kidney Function Consortium Equation. Ann Lab Med 2024; 44:135-143. [PMID: 37909162 PMCID: PMC10628758 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum creatinine and serum cystatin C are the most widely used renal biomarkers for calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which is used to estimate the severity of kidney damage. In this review, we present the basic characteristics of these biomarkers, their advantages and disadvantages, some basic history, and current laboratory measurement practices with state-of-the-art methodology. Their clinical utility is described in terms of normal reference intervals, graphically presented with age-dependent reference intervals, and their use in eGFR equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Pottel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Apheresis, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nîmes, France
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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Bhatt P, Kukkar D, Yadav AK, Kim KH. Carbon dot-copper nanocomposite-based fluorescent sensor for detection of creatinine in urine samples of CKD patients. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123666. [PMID: 37992650 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Creatinine (CR) is accepted as a clinical biomarker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as renal injury and kidney failure. To help facilitate the prognosis of CKD, a highly luminescent carbon dot (CD)-based fluorescent (FL) sensor has been built and employed for CR detection in diverse media (e.g., artificial and human urine). CDs, synthesized from sucrose precursor by a rapid microwave-assisted method (average diameter 20 nm), exhibited highly luminescent green emission upon UV exposure (λexcitation = 390 nm, λemission = 453 nm) with excellent temporal stability over three months. The nanocomposites are formed between CDs and metal ions (e.g., Cu2+) to realize the optimum biosensing of CR. Although Cu2+ ions showcases a maximum quenching (73 %) of the CDs, Cu2+/CDs system restores 77 % of the original FL intensity upon the addition of CR. The linear detection range and limit of detection for CR are estimated as 10-5 to 0.1 mg·dL-1 (R2 = 0.936) and 5.1 × 10-16 mg·dL-1, respectively. Furthermore, our biosensor shows excellent reproducibility and selectivity for CR in urine samples of healthy subjects and CKD patients. The Bland-Altman analysis for urine samples (n = 30) showcased an excellent agreement (R2 = 0.95) between our method and the gold standard 'Jaffe' method. These observations supported the practical utility of our method proposed for detection of CR in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Saad KM, Salles ÉL, Naeini SE, Baban B, Abdelmageed ME, Abdelaziz RR, Suddek GM, Elmarakby AA. Reno-protective effect of protocatechuic acid is independent of sex-related differences in murine model of UUO-induced kidney injury. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:98-111. [PMID: 38214881 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive nephropathy is a condition often caused by urinary tract obstruction either anatomical (e.g., tumors), mechanical (e.g., urolithiasis), or compression (e.g., pregnancy) and can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies have shown sexual dimorphism in CKD, where males were found to have a more rapid decline in kidney function following kidney injury compared to age-matched females. Protocatechuic acid (PCA), an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenolic compound, has demonstrated promising effects in mitigating drug-induced kidney injuries. The current study aims to explore sexual dimorphism in kidney injury after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and assess whether PCA treatment can mitigate kidney injury in both sexes. METHODS UUO was induced in 10-12 weeks old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Mice were categorized into four groups (n = 6-8/group); Sham, Sham plus PCA (100 mg/kg, I.P daily), UUO, and UUO plus PCA. RESULTS After 2 weeks of induction of UUO, markers of kidney oxidative stress (TBARs), inflammation (IL-1α and IL-6), tubular injury (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL and urinary kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), fibrosis (Masson's trichrome staining, collagen IV expression, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and apoptosis (TUNEL+ cells, active caspase-1 and caspase-3) were significantly elevated in both males and females relative to their sham counterparts. Males exhibited significantly greater kidney oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis after induction of UUO when compared to females. PCA treatment significantly attenuated UUO-induced kidney injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in both sexes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a differential gender response to UUO-induced kidney injury with males being more sensitive to UUO-induced kidney inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis than age-matched females. Importantly, PCA treatment reduced UUO-induced kidney injury in a sex-independent manner which might be attributed to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Saad
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Évila Lopes Salles
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sahar Emami Naeini
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Marwa E Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elmarakby
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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12
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Bulanov NM, Moiseev SV. [State-of-the-art trends in the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory kidney diseases: Translation of the fundamental science into clinical practice. A review]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2023; 95:625329. [PMID: 38158941 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.12.202502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Immune-mediated kidney diseases like glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial nephritis are not the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the population, however the difficulties in their management, as well as a more rapid deterioration of kidney function, compared to diabetes mellitus and hypertension, justify the importance of this problem for internal medicine. Due to the fundamental discoveries in pathology and to the introduction of various methods of laboratory and instrumental investigation in the second half of the XX century substantial progress was made in the diagnostic approaches and treatment of these conditions. State-of-the-art diagnostic approach requires complex evaluation of the clinical, laboratory and morphological data to identify the nosological form of the disease. The accumulation of knowledge in the field of diseases' pathogenesis led to the revision of the current classification of glomerulonephritis that should be based on the immunopathogenesis of these conditions. The following phenotypes were suggested: autoimmunity-related, autoinflammation-related, alloimmunity-related, infections-related, and monoclonal gammopathy-related. The assessment of disease activity and chronicity in the kidney tissue should be mandatory. Personalized selection of the optimal treatment modality on the basis of the diagnosis, severity, and individual features of the patient is currently possible. The leading trends include rational prescription of glucocorticoids (steroid-sparing regimens) and cytotoxic agents, e.g. cyclophosphamide, as well as the introduction of multitarget regimens that include biologic agents or small molecules selectively suppressing B-cells or various complement pathways. Another mandatory component of treatment on par with immune suppression is nephroprotective therapy, which currently comprises not only traditional renin-angiotensin-aldosterone antagonists, but also endothelin receptor antagonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Current guidelines emphasize the importance of the non-pharmacological interventions for the implementation of the nephroprotective strategy. Rational combination of the aforementioned approaches allows for the optimization of the management of patients with immune-mediated kidney diseases, although it requires high competencies and strict adherence to the principles of the evidence-based medicine from the healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Bulanov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - S V Moiseev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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13
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Cai Z, Zhu C, Hu A, Chen G. An "on-off-on" Fluorescent Sensor Based on Carbon Dots for the Detection of Au (III) and Creatinine. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03567-8. [PMID: 38148407 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study proposes a new approach for detecting trace amounts of creatinine (Cre) through the utilization of a fluorescence sensor system consisting of nitrogen doped carbon dots (NCDs) and gold ions (Au3+). Yellow fluorescent carbon dots were prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method with o-phenylenediamine and isopropanol as raw materials. First, gold ions are reduced to gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), which bind to NCDs, resulting in electron transfer and fluorescence quenching of NCDs. After adding creatinine, Cre and Au NPs were preferentially combined to form non-fluorescent complexes, and the NCDs fluorescence was restored. The study achieved a detection limit of 1.06 × 10-7 M for Au3+ and 9.29 × 10-9 M for creatinine, indicating a high level of sensitivity. The sensing system has also been successfully utilized for detecting Au3+ in lake water and Cre in human urine, indicating its promising potential and practical applications in the areas of environmental monitoring and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Cai
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial optoelectronic engineering and Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chun Zhu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial optoelectronic engineering and Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Anqi Hu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial optoelectronic engineering and Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center of Light Industrial optoelectronic engineering and Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
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14
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Soares AP, de Lima Neto DF, Pour SZ, Passos SD, Cunha MDP, Zanotto PMDA. Evaluation of renal markers and liver enzymes in patients infected with the Chikungunya virus. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29276. [PMID: 38100636 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus (Togaviridae family, Alphavirus genus) that was first identified in 1953 in Tanzania. In 2014, the Asian and East/Central/South/African (ECSA) genotypes were identified in Brazil, although the genotype that spread the most in the following years across the Brazilian territory was the ECSA. The clinical symptoms associated with the infection caused by CHIKV include mainly fever, myalgia, headache, and arthralgia. In infections caused by other arboviruses (such as the ones caused by Dengue and West Nile viruses), changes in biochemical markers are often observed. This study aims to evaluate the biochemical markers profile of kidney and liver injury in acute patients infected with CHIKV. Two groups of correlations were found between the variables analyzed, namely, one between liver enzymes (r = 0.91), and another for kidney markers (r = 0.54-0.66). A significant elevation in the percentage of altered creatinine in CHIKV-infected patients was observed, followed by uric acid and AST. Altogether, in 8 different comparisons, it was possible to observe statistically significant differences between the levels of the markers when compared to the manifestation of symptoms (presence and absence). These noticeable changes in marker measurements could potentially be connected to the range of clinical symptoms seen in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ferreira de Lima Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shahab Zaki Pour
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Duarte Passos
- Department of Pediatrics, Jundiaí School of Medicine, Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marielton Dos Passos Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Hou Z, Zhang G, Ma Y, Xia P, Shi X, She W, Zhao T, Sun H, Chen Z, Chen L. Development of a multimodal kidney age prediction based on automatic segmentation CT image in patients with normal renal function. Clin Kidney J 2023; 16:2091-2099. [PMID: 37915907 PMCID: PMC10616459 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background For decades, description of renal function has been of interest to clinicians and researchers. Serum creatinine (Scr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are familiar but also limited in many circumstances. Meanwhile, the physiological volumes of the kidney cortex and medulla are presumed to change with age and have been proven to change with decreasing kidney function. Methods We recruited 182 patients with normal Scr levels between October 2021 and February 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) with demographic and clinical data. A 3D U-Net architecture is used for both cortex and medullary separation, and volume calculation. In addition, we included patients with the same inclusion criteria but with diabetes (PUMCH-DM test set) and diabetic nephropathy (PUMCH-DN test set) for internal comparison to verify the possible clinical value of "kidney age" (K-AGE). Results The PUMCH training set included 146 participants with a mean age of 47.5 ± 7.4 years and mean Scr 63.5 ± 12.3 μmol/L. The PUMCH test set included 36 participants with a mean age of 47.1 ± 7.9 years and mean Scr 66.9 ± 13.0 μmol/L. The multimodal method predicted K-AGE approximately close to the patient's actual physiological age, with 92% prediction within the 95% confidential interval. The mean absolute error increases with disease progression (PUMCH 5.00, PUMCH-DM 6.99, PUMCH-DN 9.32). Conclusion We established a machine learning model for predicting the K-AGE, which offered the possibility of evaluating the whole kidney health in normal kidney aging and in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoxian Hou
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gumuyang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong She
- Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzuo Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengguang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Gallart-Mateu D, Dualde P, Coscollà C, Soriano JM, Garrigues S, de la Guardia M. Biomarkers of exposure in urine of active smokers, non-smokers, and vapers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6677-6688. [PMID: 37743413 PMCID: PMC10598069 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to smoking related products has been evaluated through urine illness risk marker determination through the analysis of urine samples of smokers and vapers. Biomarkers and their metabolites such as N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA), N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine (DHBMA), N-acetyl-S-[1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propen-1-yl)-L-cysteine (MHBMA), N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (3HPMA), 2R-N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-L-cysteine (HMPMA), and N-acetyl-S-(3-carboxy-2-propyl)-L-cysteine (CMEMA) together with nicotine and cotinine were identified and quantified by LC-HRMS and LC-MS/MS, and data found normalized to the creatinine level. One hundred two urine samples were collected from smokers, non-smokers, and vapers, spanning an age range from 16 to 79 years. Results obtained showed that CEMA was only detected in urine samples from smokers and MHBMA was in the same order of magnitude in all the urine samples analyzed. HMPMA was found in the urine of vapers at the same order of concentration as in non-smokers. 3HPMA in vapers was lower than in the urine of smokers, presenting an intermediate situation between smokers and non-smokers. On the other hand, DHBMA in vapers can reach similar values to those found for smokers, while CMEMA shows concentrations in the urine of vapers higher than in the case of non-smokers and traditional smokers, requiring new research to link this metabolite to the use of electronic cigarettes and possible alternative metabolomic routes. In general, this study seems to verify that traditional smoking practice constitutes a major source of carcinogenic chemicals compared with substitutive practices, although those practices are not free of potential harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gallart-Mateu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Research Building, 50 Dr. Moliner Street, 16100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Dualde
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Coscollà
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Soriano
- GISP Grup d'Investigació en Salut Pública, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Garrigues
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Research Building, 50 Dr. Moliner Street, 16100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - M de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Research Building, 50 Dr. Moliner Street, 16100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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17
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Bezinge L, Tappauf N, Richards DA, Shih CJ, deMello AJ. Rapid Electrochemical Flow Analysis of Urinary Creatinine on Paper: Unleashing the Potential of Two-Electrode Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3964-3972. [PMID: 37756250 PMCID: PMC10616850 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of low-cost, disposable electrochemical sensors is an essential step in moving traditionally inaccessible quantitative diagnostic assays toward the point of need. However, a major remaining limitation of current technologies is the reliance on standardized reference electrode materials. Integrating these reference electrodes considerably restricts the choice of the electrode substrate and drastically increases the fabrication costs. Herein, we demonstrate that adoption of two-electrode detection systems can circumvent these limitations and allow for the development of low-cost, paper-based devices. We showcase the power of this approach by developing a continuous flow assay for urinary creatinine enabled by an embedded graphenic two-electrode detector. The detection system not only simplifies sensor fabrication and readout hardware but also provides a robust sensing performance with high detection efficiencies. In addition to enabling high-throughput analysis of clinical urine samples, our two-electrode sensors provide unprecedented insights into the fundamental mechanism of the ferricyanide-mediated creatinine reaction. Finally, we developed a simplified circuitry to drive the detector. This forms the basis of a smart reader that guides the user through the measurement process. This study showcases the potential of affordable capillary-driven cartridges for clinical analysis within primary care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Bezinge
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Niklas Tappauf
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A. Richards
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J. deMello
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Bais S, Singh PK. Al 3+-Responsive Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor for Creatinine Detection: Thioflavin-T and Sulfated-β-Cyclodextrin Synergy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4146-4157. [PMID: 37702182 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disorders are a rising global health issue, necessitating early diagnosis for effective treatment. Creatinine, a metabolic waste product from muscles, serves as an ideal biomarker for kidney damage. The existing optical methods for creatinine detection often involve labor-intensive synthesis processes and present challenges with the aqueous solubility and sensitivity to experimental variations. In this study, we introduce a straightforward fluorescence "turn-on" ratiometric sensor system for creatinine detection in aqueous media with a limit of detection of 0.5 μM. The sensor is based on sulfated-β-cyclodextrin (SCD)-templated H-aggregate of a commercially available, ultrafast rotor dye thioflavin-T (ThT). The Al3+ ion-induced dissociation of ThT-SCD aggregates, followed by reassociation upon creatinine addition, generates a detectable signal. The modulation of monomer/aggregate equilibrium due to the disassembly/reassembly of the ThT-SCD system under Al3+/creatinine influence serves as the optimal strategy for ratiometric creatinine detection in aqueous media. Our sensor framework offers several advantages: utilization of the readily available dye ThT, which eliminates the need for a laborious synthesis of custom fluorescent probes; ratiometric sensing, which improves quantitative analysis accuracy; and compatibility with complex aqueous media. The sensor's practical utility has been successfully demonstrated in artificial urine samples. In summary, our sensor system represents a significant advancement in the rapid, selective, and sensitive detection of the clinically crucial bioanalyte creatinine, offering potential benefits for the early diagnosis and management of kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Bais
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Prabhat K Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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19
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Soleimani N, Dehghani S, Anbardar MH, Mohammadzadeh S, Amirinezhad Fard E, Zare Sheibani A, Esmaeili MJ, Ebrahimi M. Comparing Jaffe and Enzymatic Methods for Creatinine Measurement at Various Icterus Levels and Their Impacts on Liver Transplant Allocation. Int J Anal Chem 2023; 2023:9804533. [PMID: 37886708 PMCID: PMC10598504 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9804533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scoring system is used to prioritize liver transplantations and assess disease severity. This includes the international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine, and total bilirubin. Since there are several ways to measure creatinine, MELD scores can produce inconsistent results. The objectives of this study were to define a valid cut-off for bilirubin interference in creatinine measurement and to assess the effects of various icteric levels on creatinine measurement and liver transplant allocation. A total of 400 serum samples were categorized into four groups based on their icteric indices and total bilirubin levels, including non-, mild, moderate, and severe icteric samples. Both chemical Jaffe and enzymatic techniques were used to determine the creatinine levels in all four groups, and the findings were compared. In parallel, serum samples from 83 liver transplant candidate patients were divided into three groups depending on their bilirubin levels and then similarly evaluated and interpreted. The MELD scores were then computed for each group and compared. In icteric samples, the enzymatic method produced higher results for the creatinine concentrations than the Jaffe method did, and the mean creatinine difference rose from 0.08 in nonicteric group to 1.95 in groups with severe icterus. In addition, the enzymatic approach yielded higher findings for creatinine and subsequently for MELD scores in patients who were liver transplant candidates. When the bilirubin concentration was above the 4 mg/dL threshold, there were differences between the approaches for both the creatinine and the MELD score (p values: 0.0001 and 0.027, respectively). The chemical Jaffe is a readily available and considerably cost-effective method for measuring creatinine. However, it is influenced by a variety of known and unknown interfering substances, and it should be applied cautiously when working with icteric samples. Alternate techniques such as the enzymatic method should be considered when the bilirubin level exceeds 4 mg/dL. Though this cut-off is instrument and kit-dependent, each laboratory is advised to have its cut-off for bilirubin interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Soleimani
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sima Dehghani
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Anbardar
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahand Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Amirinezhad Fard
- Medical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zare Sheibani
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marsa Ebrahimi
- Medical Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Berghaenel A, Stevens JMG, Hohmann G, Deschner T, Behringer V. Evidence for adolescent length growth spurts in bonobos and other primates highlights the importance of scaling laws. eLife 2023; 12:RP86635. [PMID: 37667589 PMCID: PMC10479963 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent growth spurts (GSs) in body length seem to be absent in non-human primates and are considered a distinct human trait. However, this distinction between present and absent length-GSs may reflect a mathematical artefact that makes it arbitrary. We first outline how scaling issues and inappropriate comparisons between length (linear) and weight (volume) growth rates result in misleading interpretations like the absence of length-GSs in non-human primates despite pronounced weight-GSs, or temporal delays between length- and weight-GSs. We then apply a scale-corrected approach to a comprehensive dataset on 258 zoo-housed bonobos that includes weight and length growth as well as several physiological markers related to growth and adolescence. We found pronounced GSs in body weight and length in both sexes. Weight and length growth trajectories corresponded with each other and with patterns of testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 levels, resembling adolescent GSs in humans. We further re-interpreted published data of non-human primates, which showed that aligned GSs in weight and length exist not only in bonobos. Altogether, our results emphasize the importance of considering scaling laws when interpreting growth curves in general, and further show that pronounced, human-like adolescent length-GSs exist in bonobos and probably also many other non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Berghaenel
- Domestication Lab, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jeroen MG Stevens
- Behavioral Ecology and Ecophysiology, Department of Biology, University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- SALTO Agro- and Biotechnology, Odisee University of Applied SciencesSint-NiklaasBelgium
| | - Gottfried Hohmann
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Animal BehaviourRadolfzellGermany
| | - Tobias Deschner
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
- Comparative BioCognition, Institute of Cognitive Science, University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany
| | - Verena Behringer
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
- Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany
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21
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Omar AR, Nour AA, Dakrory AE. Amelioration of silymarin against cadmium-induced toxicity in pregnant rats and their fetuses. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1192-1207. [PMID: 37401502 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silymarin is an antioxidant without side effects even at relatively high physiological dosage. Therefore, it is safely used as a herbal medicine for treating different diseases. AIM OF WORK The purpose of this study was to examine the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in pregnant rats and their fetuses and the ameliorative effects of silymarin (SL) against this toxicity. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 24 pregnant rats allocated into four equal groups. Control, silymarin (200 mg/kg), Cd (5 mg/kg), and a combination of Cd and silymarin concurrent from 6 to 20th gestational day. Number of corpora lutea, dams', gravid uteri, placental weights, and likewise fetal body weights and lengths were analyzed as physical parameters. Serum levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and maternal and fetal liver tissues for malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione activity were studied. The histology of hepatic and renal tissues for both mothers and fetuses was examined. Data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance test and Duncan's multiple range test was used to compare group means. RESULTS The findings evidenced that Cd causes teratogenic abnormalities and histopathological variation in hepatic and renal tissues of both mothers and fetuses. Cd triggers oxidative stress and disrupts liver and kidney function. In Cd + silymarin treated rats exhibited improvement in the pregnancy outcomes, reduced histopathological changes, oxidative stress as well as liver and kidney enzymes. CONCLUSION We deduced that using of silymarin during gestation is effective and ameliorate the toxic maternal complications caused by cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ramadan Omar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Emam Dakrory
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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22
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Saddique Z, Faheem M, Habib A, UlHasan I, Mujahid A, Afzal A. Electrochemical Creatinine (Bio)Sensors for Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Renal Malfunction and Chronic Kidney Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1737. [PMID: 37238220 PMCID: PMC10217452 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the post-pandemic era, point-of-care (POC) diagnosis of diseases is an important research frontier. Modern portable electrochemical (bio)sensors enable the design of POC diagnostics for the identification of diseases and regular healthcare monitoring. Herein, we present a critical review of the electrochemical creatinine (bio)sensors. These sensors either make use of biological receptors such as enzymes or employ synthetic responsive materials, which provide a sensitive interface for creatinine-specific interactions. The characteristics of different receptors and electrochemical devices are discussed, along with their limitations. The major challenges in the development of affordable and deliverable creatinine diagnostics and the drawbacks of enzymatic and enzymeless electrochemical biosensors are elaborated, especially considering their analytical performance parameters. These revolutionary devices have potential biomedical applications ranging from early POC diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other kidney-related illnesses to routine monitoring of creatinine in elderly and at-risk humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Saddique
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Amir Habib
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar UlHasan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Afzal
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Shafik MS, El-Tanbouly DM, Bishr A, Attia AS. Insights into the role of PHLPP2/Akt/GSK3β/Fyn kinase/Nrf2 trajectory in the reno-protective effect of rosuvastatin against colistin-induced acute kidney injury in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7140447. [PMID: 37095069 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress-mediated colistin's nephrotoxicity is associated with the diminished activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that is primarily correlated with cellular PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP2) levels. This study investigated the possible modulation of PHLPP2/protein kinase B (Akt) trajectory as a critical regulator of Nrf2 stability by rosuvastatin (RST) to guard against colistin-induced oxidative renal damage in rats. METHODS Colistin (300,000 IU/kg/day; i.p.) was injected for 6 consecutive days, and rats were treated simultaneously with RST orally at 10 or 20 mg/kg. KEY FINDINGS RST enhanced renal nuclear Nrf2 translocation as revealed by immunohistochemical staining to boost the renal antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) along with a marked reduction in caspase-3. Accordingly, rats treated with RST showed significant restoration of normal renal function and histological features. On the molecular level, RST effectively decreased the mRNA expression of PHLPP2 to promote Akt phosphorylation. Consequently, it deactivated GSK-3β and reduced the gene expression of Fyn kinase in renal tissues. CONCLUSIONS RST could attenuate colistin-induced oxidative acute kidney injury via its suppressive effect on PHLPP2 to endorse Nrf2 activity through modulating Akt/GSK3 β/Fyn kinase trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marihan S Shafik
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Dalia M El-Tanbouly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Bishr
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Amina S Attia
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Machado A, Gonçalves C, Moreira P, Pinho O, Padrão P, Silva-Santos T, Rodrigues M, Norton P, Bordalo AA. Iodine intake assessment in the staff of a Porto region university (Portugal): the iMC Salt trial. Eur J Nutr 2023:10.1007/s00394-023-03149-1. [PMID: 37079158 PMCID: PMC10117252 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is an ongoing worldwide recognized problem with over two billion individuals having insufficient iodine intake. School-aged children and pregnant women are often target groups for epidemiological studies, but there is a lack of knowledge on the general adult population. The aim of this study was to assess the iodine status among a Portuguese public university staff as a proxy for the adult working population. METHODS The population study covered 103 adults within the iMC Salt randomized clinical trial, aged 24-69 years. Urinary iodine concentration was measured spectrophotometrically using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Iodine food intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The contribution of discretionary salt to the iodine daily intake was assessed through 24-h urinary sodium excretion (UIE) and potentiometric iodine determination of household salt. RESULTS The mean urine volume in 24 h was 1.5 L. The median daily iodine intake estimated from 24-h UIE was 113 µg/day, being lower among women (p < 0.05). Only 22% of participants showed iodine intake above the WHO-recommended cutoff (150 µg/day). The median daily iodine intake estimated from the 24-h dietary recall was 58 µg/day (51 and 68 µg/day in women and men, respectively). Dairy, including yoghurt and milk products, were the primary dietary iodine source (55%). Iodine intake estimated from 24-h UIE and 24-h dietary recall was moderately correlated (Spearman rank correlation coefficient r = 0.34, p < 0.05). The average iodine concentration in household salt was 14 mg I/kg, with 45% of the samples below the minimum threshold preconized by WHO (15 mg I/kg). The contribution of discretionary salt to the daily iodine intake was around 38%. CONCLUSION This study contributes new knowledge about iodine status in Portuguese working adults. The results revealed moderate iodine deficiency, particularly in women. Public health strategies and monitoring programs are needed to ensure iodine adequacy in all population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Machado
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Carla Gonçalves
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olívia Pinho
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE - Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Silva-Santos
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Micaela Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Norton
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Saúde Ocupacional, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriano A Bordalo
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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Kukkar D, Chhillar M, Kim KH. Application of SERS-based nanobiosensors to metabolite biomarkers of CKD. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 232:115311. [PMID: 37086564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
A clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly achieved by estimating the serum levels of urea and creatinine (CR). Given the limitations of the conventional diagnostic assays, it is imperative to seek alternative, economical strategies for the detection of CKD-specific biomarkers with high specificity and selectivity. In this respect, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be regarded as an ideal choice. SERS signals can be greatly amplified by noble metal nanoparticles (e.g., gold nanoparticles (GNPs)) of numerous sizes, shapes, and configurations to help achieve ultra-sensitive single molecule-level detection at 10-15 M (up to 10 orders of magnitude more sensitive than fluorescence-based detection). The irregular geometry of GNPs with spike-like tips, dimers, and aggregates with small nanogaps (i.e., due to plasmon coupling such as Raman hot spots) play a pivotal role in enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of SERS. This review critically outlines the performance of SERS-based biosensors in the ultrasensitive detection of CKD biomarkers in various body fluids in terms of basic quality assurance parameters (e.g., limit of detection, figure of merit, enhancement factor, and stability of the biosensor). Moreover, the challenges and perspectives are described with respect to the expansion of such sensing techniques in practical clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Kanon AP, Giezenaar C, Roy NC, McNabb WC, Henare SJ. Acute effects of fresh versus dried Hayward green kiwifruit on sleep quality, mood, and sleep-related urinary metabolites in healthy young men with good and poor sleep quality. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1079609. [PMID: 36998905 PMCID: PMC10043399 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1079609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aimsDaily kiwifruit (KF) consumption has been associated with improved sleep quality, but underlying physiological mechanisms are unknown. This study examined acute effects of fresh and dried green KF, compared with a water control, on sleep quality, mood, and urinary serotonin and melatonin metabolite concentrations.Methods24 men (age: 29 ± 1 years, body mass index: 24 ± 1 kg/m2) with poor (n = 12) or good (n = 12) sleep quality participated in a randomized, single-blind crossover study. One of three treatments was consumed with a standardized evening meal; (1) the flesh of two fresh green KF, (2) dried green KF powder (including skin; equivalent to dry matter of two fresh KF) mixed with water, or (3) a water control, in their own home. Subjective and objective sleep quality, mood, waking urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), vitamin C and B-vitamin concentrations were determined.ResultsRegardless of sleep quality group, compared to control, morning sleepiness, alertness upon awakening, and vigor were improved (p < 0.05) after dried KF consumption. Compared to control, both fresh and dried KF treatments tended (p < 0.1) toward improved esteem and total mood disturbance. Both KF treatments increased (fresh +1.56 ± 0.4 ng/g, p = 0.001; dried: +1.30 ± 0.4 ng/g, p = 0.004) urinary concentration of the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA compared to the control (4.32 ± 0.4 ng/g). In poor sleepers, ease of awakening improved by 24% after dried KF consumption (p = 0.005) and tended to improve by 13% after fresh KF intake (p = 0.052) compared to the control. Good sleepers tended toward 9% improved ratings of getting to sleep with fresh KF (p = 0.053) compared to the control. Poor sleepers had lower amounts of some B-vitamins compared to good sleepers (p < 0.05).ConclusionConsumption of dried or fresh KF with a standard evening meal, was associated with improved aspects of sleep quality and mood, possibly mediated through changes in serotonin metabolism.Clinical trial registration[www.anzctr.org.au], identifier [ACTRN12621000046808].Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Kanon
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Alpha-Massey Natural Nutraceutical Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Giezenaar
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Food Experience and Sensory Testing Laboratory, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sharon J. Henare
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Sharon J. Henare,
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Thomas MM, Babu A, Chandran PR, S ST, Pillai S. Colloidal Photonic Crystal-Enhanced Fluorescence of Gold Nanoclusters: A Highly Sensitive Solid-state Fluorescent Probe for Creatinine. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201035. [PMID: 36519438 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are an intensely pursued class of fluorophores with excellent biocompatibility, high water solubility, and ease of further conjugation. However, their low quantum yield limits their applications, such as ultra-sensitive chemical or molecular sensing. To address this problem, various strategies have been adopted for augmenting their fluorescence intensity. Herein, we report a facile and scalable approach for the fluorescence enhancement of bovine serum albumin (BSA) capped AuNCs (BSA-AuNCs) using periodic, close-packed polystyrene colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs). The slow photon effect at the bandgap edges is utilized for the increased light-matter interactions and thereby enhancing the fluorescence intensity of the BSA-AuNCs. Compared to the planar polystyrene control sample, the CPC film yielded a 14-fold enhancement in fluorescence intensity. Further, we demonstrated the as-prepared BSA-AuNCs-CPC as a solid-state platform for the highly sensitive and selective fluorescence turn-off detection of creatinine at nanomolar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Mary Thomas
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Aswathy Babu
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India.,Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Atlantic Technological University ATU, Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
| | - Parvathy R Chandran
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Silpa T S
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Saju Pillai
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Osmic-Husni A, Hukic F, Saric MP. Comparison of Jaffe Method and Enzymatic Method at Measuring Serum Creatinine Level, Creatinine Clearance and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. Mater Sociomed 2023; 35:108-112. [PMID: 37701344 PMCID: PMC10495161 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2023.35.108-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Correct measuring of blood and urine creatinine level is necessary for identification and tracking of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective The aim of this study is a comparison of Jaffe and enzymatic methods for measuring creatinine in serum and in urine, in order to determine whether there are any statistical significant differences between them, and whether they are reflected on creatinine clearance calculation and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods Creatinine in serum and urine was measured for the group of patients (N=60; female=34, male=26) from 24 to 69 years of age by using Jaffe's method on Dimension RxL biochemical analyzer, and enzymatic method on integrated biochemical and immunochemical analyzer Architect ci8200, and obtained levels are used for creatinine clearance calculation and eGFR. Results The methods correlate well, both in measuring serum creatinine (r 1 = 0.990) and in measuring urine creatinine (r 2 =0.974). There are no statistically significant differences between them (p=0.57). Measuring creatinine using different methods showed no statistically significant differences in the calculated clearances (p=0.93), they significantly correlate (r=0.9722). eGFR, using the MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas, were not statistically significantly different, regardless of the used method. Conclusion Apart from significant correlations between the used methods, the results of using the Jaffe and enzymatic methods showed no significant differences at measuring serum creatinine level, or creatinine clearance and glomerular filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Osmic-Husni
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Centre Tuzla
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Tuzla
| | - Fatima Hukic
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Centre Tuzla
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Tuzla
| | - Mirna Popovic Saric
- Department of Hematological and Biochemical Diagnostics, Public Health Institution (PHI) Health Centre Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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29
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Postolache L, Parsa A, Simoni P, Boitsios G, Ismaili K, Schurmans T, Monier A, Casimir G, Albert A, Parsa CF. Widespread kidney anomalies in children with Down syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:2361-2368. [PMID: 35118542 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare autopsy studies have described smaller kidneys as well as urinary tract anomalies in Down syndrome. This observation has never been investigated in vivo and little is known about the possible consequences upon kidney function. Here we wish to confirm whether children with Down syndrome have smaller kidneys and to evaluate their kidney function in vivo. METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 49 children with Down syndrome, as well as 49 age- and sex-matched controls at the Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital in Brussels, Belgium. Doppler and kidney ultrasonography, spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and anthropometric data were recorded. RESULTS Kidney size in children with Down syndrome was smaller than age- and sex-matched controls in terms of length (p < 0.001) and volume (p < 0.001). Kidney function based on eGFR was also decreased in Down syndrome compared to historical normal. Twenty-one of the children with Down syndrome (42%) had eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2, with 5 of these (10%) having an eGFR < 75 mL/min/1.73 m2. In addition, 7 of the children with Down syndrome (14%) had anomalies of the kidney and/or urinary tract that had previously been undiagnosed. CONCLUSIONS Children with Down syndrome have significantly smaller kidneys than age-matched controls as well as evidence of decreased kidney function. These findings, in addition to well-noted increased kidney and urologic anomalies, highlight the need for universal anatomical and functional assessment of all individuals with Down syndrome. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Postolache
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Afshin Parsa
- The Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paolo Simoni
- Department of Radiology, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Grammatina Boitsios
- Department of Radiology, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khalid Ismaili
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Schurmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Monier
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georges Casimir
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adelin Albert
- Department of Biostatistics, Liège University Hospital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cameron F Parsa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium. .,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
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Dey A, Dhadhal S, Maharjan R, Nagar PS, Nampoothiri L. Partially purified non-polar phytocomponents from Aloe barbadensis Mill. gel restores metabolic and reproductive comorbidities in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rodent model- an "in-vivo" study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115161. [PMID: 35271948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In India, Kumaryasava, a popular Aloe barbadensis Mill. gel preparation has therapeutic value in treatment of female reproductive disorders like menstrual disturbances and menopausal problems. Despite their widespread use, only a limited number of studies have probed into the scientific evidence for their varied bioactivities. In this regard, studies have demonstrated that Aloe vera gel has the potential to modulate steroidogenic activity in letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat. However, isolation and identification of the bioactive molecule/s from Aloe vera gel and studying their molecular targets will underpin the treatment regime for PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Partially Purified Non-Polar Phytocomponents (PPNPP)- LP1 and LP3 were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of Aloe vera gel by column chromatography. Based upon the GC-MS analysis, LP1 and LP3 comprised of n-Hexadecanoic acid and Campesterol acetate with an abundance of 97.07%, and 96.07% respectively. For evaluation of their bioactivities, eighty 3-4 months female Balb/c mice were classified as 10 groups with 8 animals in each group. Groups were control (C), PCOS (0.5 mg/kg/day Letrozole orally for 21days), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with Aloe vera gel (AVG) (10 mg/kg/day) (PCOS + AVG), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with petroleum ether extract (PE) of Aloe vera gel (25 μg/kg/day) (PCOS + PE), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with LP1 (0.5 μg/kg/day) (PCOS + LP1), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with commercially available pure compound-n-Hexadecanoic acid (HA) (0.5 μg/kg/day) (PCOS + HA), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with LP3 (0.01 μg/kg/day) (PCOS + LP3), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with commercially available pure compound- Campesterol acetate (CA) (0.01 μg/kg/day) (PCOS + CA), PCOS treated orally for 60 days with Metformin (100 mg/kg/day) (PCOS + Metformin) and PCOS treated orally for 60 days with DMSO (Vehicle) (PCOS + DMSO). Body weight, Oral glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin, estrus cycle, hormonal profile, gene expression of gonadotropin receptors (Fshr and Lhr), steroid receptors (Ar, Esr1, Esr2 and Pgr) and steroidogenic markers (Star, Hsd3b1, Cyp19a1 and Amh) were analysed in the ovaries. Polycystic ovarian morphology was assessed through histopathological changes of ovary. Toxicity markers- SGOT, SGPT and creatinine were also measured at the end of the study. RESULTS Mice treated with letrozole demonstrated significant increase in body weight, glucose intolerance, fasting insulin levels, HOMA-IR, triglycerides levels as well as testosterone levels, and a significant decline in the progesterone levels as compared to the control animals. PCOS animals also exhibited arrested estrus cyclicity, disrupted ovarian histopathology with the presence of multiple peripheral cysts and abnormal gene expression of gonadotropin receptor, steroid receptor and steroid markers. Oral administration of AVG, PE extract of AVG, LP3 and metformin greatly alleviated these complications in PCOS animals. CONCLUSION The above findings indicate the effectiveness of LP3, isolated from Aloe vera gel against letrozole induced PCOS in mice and may be used in the treatment of PCOS as an alternative to metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpi Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Shivani Dhadhal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Radha Maharjan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Padamnabhi S Nagar
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India
| | - Laxmipriya Nampoothiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
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Rota Graziosi A, Colombini S, Crovetto GM, Galassi G, Chiaravalli M, Battelli M, Reginelli D, Petrera F, Rapetti L. Partial replacement of soybean meal with soybean silage in lactating dairy cows diet: part 1, milk production, digestibility, and N balance. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2008818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rota Graziosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Colombini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Galassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Chiaravalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Battelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Reginelli
- Azienda Agricola Didattico Sperimentale ‘A. Menozzi’ of the University of Milan, Landriano, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Rapetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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Use of haematological signatures in conjunction with conventional biomarkers to assess Reno-protective effects of Gedunin in diabetic nephropathy of Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:323-332. [PMID: 35673464 PMCID: PMC9167157 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-00977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study was aimed at analysing the reno-protective potential of Gedunin (a limonoid from Neem leaves) through haematological and serological assays and renal histopathology studies in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Method Four weeks old Wister albino rats were chosen for the study. The rats were divided into four groups of 8 rats each. Group 1 (normal control rats); Group 2 (diabetic control rats); Group 3 (Drug control rats: normal rats treated with 1 mg/kg body weight of Gedunin thrice a week through oral gavage for 2 weeks); Group 4 (diabetic rats treated with Gedunin similar to Group 3). Diabetes was induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) in the pre-determined groups. After completion of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and haematological and serological parameters including functional indices of blood cells and renal markers were evaluated through spectrophotometric methods. Renal histology studies were carried out and images were captured on Olympus SC 100, 10 Mega Pixel camera. Results Streptozotocin induced diabetes lead to marked reduction in the RBC count, haemoglobin, PCV, WBC count, lymphocyte, elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, kidney function markers such as urea, creatinine, uric acid in rats. Administration of Gedunin significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated the elevated levels of fasting glucose, RDW%, MCHC%, NLR% and platelet count. A significant reversal of renal tissue damage was also observed. Conclusion The restoration of renal serological markers and reversal of renal tissue injuries are all indicative of promising reno-protective potential of Gedunin. Remarkable improvement of haematological parameters supports their use as reno-protection markers.
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Al-Thobaiti SA, Konozy EHE. Purification, Partial Characterization, and Evaluation of the Antiulcer Activity of Calotropis procera Leaf Lectin. Protein Pept Lett 2022; 29:775-787. [PMID: 35927810 PMCID: PMC9896378 DOI: 10.2174/0929866529666220803162457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectins are proteins with therapeutic and diagnostic potential that can be applied in battling various ailments. AIM AND OBJECTIVE This study was designed to purify and characterize the hemagglutinating activity derived from the leaves of Calotropis procera and its possible role in protecting the stomach against ethanol-induced lesions. METHODS The Calotropis procera leaf lectin (ProLec), was isolated by homogenization of the defatted leaf powder in Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) and purified by affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The lectin was eluted from the affinity column by 3% acetic acid and was physicochemically characterized. In a dose-dependent manner, ProLec was administered to rats with ethanol-induced ulcers, and biochemical, histopathological, and toxicological examinations were performed. RESULTS ProLec is a heterodimer of 75 and 68 kDa. It agglutinated all human RBCs, whereas it showed weak interaction with animal erythrocytes. The protein was optimally active at 25 °C and was labile above this temperature. ProLec exhibited two pH optima and was a metalloprotein requiring Ca, Mn, and Ni. It contains 1.6% tryptophan residues of which about 1% is exposed and critical for lectin activity. The lectin exhibited a potent gastroprotective effect against ethanolinduced gastric lesions with no apparent toxicity to both kidneys and liver. Examination of the pH of the gastric juice of lectin-treated animals indicated a possible role of lectin in maintaining stomach acidity within the normal ranges compared to the gastric juice pH of animals that received ethanol only. CONCLUSION These results may suggest that ProLec could conceivably be a good future drug for the treatment of gastric ulcers, however, extensive immunological and toxicological research remains to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed A. Al-Thobaiti
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; E-mail:
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Yuan K, Sun Y, Liang F, Pan F, Hu M, Hua F, Yuan Y, Nie J, Zhang Y. Tyndall-effect-based colorimetric assay with colloidal silver nanoparticles for quantitative point-of-care detection of creatinine using a laser pointer pen and a smartphone. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23379-23386. [PMID: 36090387 PMCID: PMC9382227 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, this paper initially reports a new colorimetric Tyndall effect-inspired assay (TEA) for simple, low-cost, sensitive, specific, and point-of-care detection of creatinine (an important small biomolecule) by making use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as model colloidal nanoprobes for visual light scattering signaling. The naked-eye TEA method adopts negatively-charged citrate-capped AgNPs (Cit-AgNPs) prepared by sodium citrate reduction. In the presence of alkaline conditions, the creatinine analyte can form carbanion/oxoanion amino tautomers which in turn crosslink with carboxylate groups on the Cit-AgNPs via a hydrogen bonding network to mediate the aggregation of such colloidal nanoprobes showing a significantly-enhanced TE signal that was created and quantified by a hand-held laser pointer pen and a smartphone, respectively. The results demonstrate that the resulting equipment-free method with the TE readout could enable the portable quantification of creatinine with a detection limit of ∼55 nM, which was ∼90–2334 times lower than that obtained from AgNP-based colorimetric approaches with the most common localized surface plasma resonance signaling. Moreover, it shows a larger analytical sensitivity up to ∼580.8227 signal per nM, offering ∼2.4–232-fold improvement in comparison with many of the recent instrumental creatinine nanosensors. The accuracy and practicality of the developed nanosensing system was additionally confirmed with satisfactory recovery results ranging from ca. 98.52 to 100.36% when analyzing a set of real complex human urine samples. This work describes a new nanosensor for one-step ultrasensitive naked-eye detection of creatinine based on the target-triggered aggregation of silver nanoparticles showing dramatically enhanced Tyndall effect.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijing Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fenchun Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fenglan Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Miao Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fei Hua
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yali Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jinfang Nie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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Cusumano AM, Tzanno-Martins C, Rosa-Diez GJ. The Glomerular Filtration Rate: From the Diagnosis of Kidney Function to a Public Health Tool. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:769335. [PMID: 34926510 PMCID: PMC8675900 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.769335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to increase worldwide, as well as the associated morbidity and mortality and the consequences on the patients' quality of life and countries' economies. CKD often evolves without being recognized by patients and physicians, although the diagnosis is based on two simple laboratory data: the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine analysis. To measure GFR, the knowledge about the physiologic processes at the nephron level, the concept of clearance, and the identification of creatinine as a suitable endogenous marker for measuring the creatinine clearance (CrCl) had to be previously developed. On those bases, different equations to calculate CrCl (Cockcroft and Gault, 1976), or estimated GFR (four variables MDRD, 1999; CKD-Epi, 2009, among others) were generated. They all include creatinine and some demographic data, such as sex and age. However, to compare results throughout life or among laboratories, the creatinine determination must be standardized. In addition, the accuracy of these equations remains controversial in certain subgroups of patients. For these reasons, other mathematical models to improve CrCl estimation have been developed, such as when urine cannot be collected, in debilitated elderly patients and patients with trauma, diabetes, or obesity. Currently, eGFR in adults can be measured and reported immediately, using isotope dilution mass spectrometry traceable creatinine-based equations. In conclusion, based on knowledge obtained from renal physiology, eGFR can be used in the clinic for the diagnosis and early treatment of CKD, as well as a public instrument to estimate the prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Cusumano
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Veisa V, Kalere I, Zake T, Strele I, Makrecka-Kuka M, Upmale-Engela S, Skesters A, Rezeberga D, Lejnieks A, Pudule I, Grinberga D, Velika B, Dambrova M, Konrade I. Assessment of Iodine and Selenium Nutritional Status in Women of Reproductive Age in Latvia. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57111211. [PMID: 34833429 PMCID: PMC8622847 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Adequate dietary intake of iodine and selenium is essential during pregnancy. While iodine is vital for maternal thyroid function and fetal development, selenium contributes to the regulation of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity. This study aimed to assess the consumption of iodine- and selenium-containing products by women of reproductive age and the iodine and selenium nutritional status of pregnant women in Latvia. Materials and Methods: Population health survey (2010–2018) data were used to characterize dietary habits in women of reproductive age. Additionally, 129 pregnant women in the first trimester were recruited; they completed a questionnaire and were tested for thyroid function, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and serum selenium and selenoprotein P levels. Results: The use of some dietary sources of iodine (e.g., milk and dairy products) and selenium (e.g., bread) has decreased in recent years. Less than 10% of respondents reported the use of iodized salt. The use of supplements has become more common (reported by almost 50% of respondents in 2018). Dietary habits were similar in pregnant women, but the use of supplements was even higher (almost 70%). Nevertheless, most supplements used in pregnancy had insufficient contents of iodine and selenium. Thyroid function was euthyreotic in all women, but 13.9% of participants had a thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-ab) level above 60 IU/mL. The median UIC (IQR) was 147.2 (90.0–248.1) μg/gCr, and 52.8% of pregnant women had a UIC below 150 μg/gCr. The mean selenium (SD) level was 101.5 (35.6) μg/L; 30.1% of women had a selenium level below 80 μg/L. The median selenoprotein P level was 6.9 (3.1–9.0) mg/L. Conclusions: Iodine nutrition in Latvian population of pregnant women was near the lower limit of adequate and a third of the population had a selenium deficiency. Supplements were frequently used, but most did not contain the recommended amounts of iodine and selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vija Veisa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +371-26442100
| | - Ieva Kalere
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
| | - Tatjana Zake
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
| | - Ieva Strele
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | | | - Sabine Upmale-Engela
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
- Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Skesters
- Scientific Laboratory of Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Dace Rezeberga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Aivars Lejnieks
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
- Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, Latvia; (I.P.); (D.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Daiga Grinberga
- Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, Latvia; (I.P.); (D.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Biruta Velika
- Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, LV-1005 Riga, Latvia; (I.P.); (D.G.); (B.V.)
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Ilze Konrade
- Department of Internal Disease, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (T.Z.); (S.U.-E.); (A.L.); (M.D.); (I.K.)
- Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
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Gianmoena K, Gasparoni N, Jashari A, Gabrys P, Grgas K, Ghallab A, Nordström K, Gasparoni G, Reinders J, Edlund K, Godoy P, Schriewer A, Hayen H, Hudert CA, Damm G, Seehofer D, Weiss TS, Boor P, Anders HJ, Motrapu M, Jansen P, Schiergens TS, Falk-Paulsen M, Rosenstiel P, Lisowski C, Salido E, Marchan R, Walter J, Hengstler JG, Cadenas C. Epigenomic and transcriptional profiling identifies impaired glyoxylate detoxification in NAFLD as a risk factor for hyperoxaluria. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109526. [PMID: 34433051 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications (e.g. DNA methylation) in NAFLD and their contribution to disease progression and extrahepatic complications are poorly explored. Here, we use an integrated epigenome and transcriptome analysis of mouse NAFLD hepatocytes and identify alterations in glyoxylate metabolism, a pathway relevant in kidney damage via oxalate release-a harmful waste product and kidney stone-promoting factor. Downregulation and hypermethylation of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (Agxt), which detoxifies glyoxylate, preventing excessive oxalate accumulation, is accompanied by increased oxalate formation after metabolism of the precursor hydroxyproline. Viral-mediated Agxt transfer or inhibiting hydroxyproline catabolism rescues excessive oxalate release. In human steatotic hepatocytes, AGXT is also downregulated and hypermethylated, and in NAFLD adolescents, steatosis severity correlates with urinary oxalate excretion. Thus, this work identifies a reduced capacity of the steatotic liver to detoxify glyoxylate, triggering elevated oxalate, and provides a mechanistic explanation for the increased risk of kidney stones and chronic kidney disease in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Gianmoena
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nina Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Adelina Jashari
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philipp Gabrys
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katharina Grgas
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ahmed Ghallab
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Forensic and Veterinary Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Karl Nordström
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörg Reinders
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karolina Edlund
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricio Godoy
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexander Schriewer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Hayen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian A Hudert
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Damm
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Visceral Transplantation, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas S Weiss
- University Children Hospital (KUNO), University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology and Department of Nephrology, University Clinic of RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Manga Motrapu
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Jansen
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, University of Maastricht, 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Biobank of the Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Falk-Paulsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Clivia Lisowski
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms University Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad La Laguna, CIBERER, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Cristina Cadenas
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz-Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
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Havenstein N, Langer F, Weiler U, Stefanski V, Fietz J. Bridging environment, physiology and life history: Stress hormones in a small hibernator. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 533:111315. [PMID: 34052302 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the perception of stress and its implications for animals in the wild is limited, especially in regard to mammals. The aim of this study was therefore to identify sex specific effects of reproductive activity, body mass, food availability and hibernation on stress hormone levels in the edible dormouse (Glis glis), a small mammalian hibernator. Results of our study reveal that reproductive activity and pre-hibernation fattening were associated with high cortisol levels in both sexes. During the mating season, in particular individuals with low body masses had higher stress levels. Elevated levels of cortisol during pre-hibernation fattening were even higher in females that had formerly invested into reproduction compared to non-reproductive females. Previously observed impairments on health parameters and reduced survival rates associated with reproduction emphasize the functional relevance of high stress hormone levels for fitness. Prolonged food limitation, however, did not affect stress levels demonstrating the ability of dormice to predict and cope with food restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Havenstein
- Institute of Biology, Dep. Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Franz Langer
- Institute of Biology, Dep. Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrike Weiler
- Institute of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Volker Stefanski
- Institute of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joanna Fietz
- Institute of Biology, Dep. Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Ringbeck B, Bury D, Hayen H, Weiss T, Brüning T, Koch HM. Determination of specific urinary nonylphenol metabolites by online-SPE-LC-MS/MS as novel human exposure biomarkers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1177:122794. [PMID: 34098181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disrupting and ecotoxic substance that has been detected in a variety of environmental matrices. It is utilized for the production of non-ionic nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEO) detergents and other high production volume chemicals. Human biomonitoring data are scarce and mostly limited to the non-oxidized NP, which is ubiquitous in the (laboratory) environment and susceptible to external contamination. Here, we describe a sensitive, precise, accurate and rugged analytical method for the determination of OH-NP and oxo-NP, two potential alkyl-chain-oxidized metabolites of NP in human urine. We used single isomer standards, obtained by custom synthesis, for the quantification of the sum of the respective isomers. After enzymatic hydrolysis of potential urinary phase II conjugates, urine samples were analyzed by online turbulent flow chromatography for analyte enrichment and matrix depletion coupled to reversed phase liquid chromatography with negative electrospray-ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry detection (online-SPE-LC-MS/MS). Quantification was performed by stable isotope dilution analysis. Limits of quantification in urinary matrix were 0.5 µg/L for OH-NP and 0.25 µg/L for oxo-NP. Mean relative recoveries were 101-105% (OH-NP) and 112-117% (oxo-NP) and the method imprecision (CV) in matrix was below 5%. In spite of extensive use restrictions in the EU since 2003, we could quantify OH-NP and oxo-NP in 94% and 47% of spot urine samples from the general German population (n = 32) collected in 2014. Thus, both metabolites seem suitable as sensitive and specific urinary biomarkers of NP exposure for future human biomonitoring population studies. Currently this method is used to quantitatively investigate human NP metabolism and to derive urinary metabolite excretion fractions that can be used to calculate external doses based on urinary biomarker concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Ringbeck
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum 44789, Germany.
| | - Daniel Bury
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum 44789, Germany.
| | - Heiko Hayen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum 44789, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum 44789, Germany.
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum 44789, Germany.
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Van den Eynde MDG, Scheijen JLJM, Stehouwer CDA, Miyata T, Schalkwijk CG. Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4624-4632. [PMID: 34229268 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin B6 is involved in a large spectrum of physiological processes and comprises of the vitamers pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and their phosphorylated derivatives including the biological active pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). While PN toxicity is known to complicate several treatments, PM has shown promise in relation to the treatment of metabolic and age-related diseases by blocking oxidative degradation and scavenging toxic dicarbonyl compounds and reactive oxygen species. We aimed to assess the metabolization of oral PM supplements in a single and three daily dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS We optimized and validated a method for the quantification of the B6 vitamers in plasma and urine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Five healthy volunteers were recruited to study PM metabolization after a single oral dose of 200 mg PM or a three daily dose of 67 mg PM. A third protocol was implemented as control for dietary intake. Venous blood samples, 24 h urine and fasted second void urine samples were collected. RESULTS After a single oral dose of 200 mg PM, plasma PM increased in the first 3 h to a maximum of 2324 ± 266 nmol/L. While plasma PM levels returned to baseline after ~10 h of PM intake, PLP increased to a maximum of 2787 ± 329 nmol/L and reached a plateau. We found a small increase of PN to a maximum of 13.5 ± 2.1 nmol/L; it was nearly undetectable after ~12 h. With a three daily dose of 67 mg PM we observed an increase and decline of plasma PM, PL, and PN concentrations after each PM intake. PLP showed a similar increase as in the single dose protocol and accumulated over time. CONCLUSION In this study we showed high plasma levels of PM after oral PM supplementation. We found steadily increasing levels of the biologically active PLP, with minimal formation of PN. The B6 vitamer PM is an interesting supplement as an inhibitor of harmful processes in metabolic diseases and for the treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Maastricht University (NL) and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02954588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias D G Van den Eynde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L J M Scheijen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Toshio Miyata
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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El-Bahr SM, Elbakery AM, El-Gazzar N, Amin AA, Al-Sultan S, Alfattah MA, Shousha S, Alhojaily S, Shathele M, Sabeq II, Hamouda AF. Biosynthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Petroselinum crispum Leaf Extract Mitigate Lead-Acetate-Induced Anemia in Male Albino Rats: Hematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Features. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9060123. [PMID: 34072696 PMCID: PMC8227184 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) prepared from leaf extract of Petroselinum crispum compared to those prepared using a chemical method in lead-acetate-induced anemic rats. Twenty rats were divided into four groups (five rats each). Throughout the experimental period (8 weeks), the rats in group 1 were not given any therapy. The rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 were given 400 ppm lead acetate orally for 2 weeks to make them anemic. Following that, these rats were either left untreated, given 27 ppm of chemical IONPs orally or given 27 ppm of natural IONPs orally for the remaining 6 weeks of the experiment. TEM analysis indicated that the chemically and naturally prepared IONPs had sizes of 6.22–9.7 and 64–68 nm, respectively. Serum ferritin and iron concentrations were reduced, whereas the total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), ALT, AST, urea and creatinine were significantly increased in the non-treated lead-acetate-induced anemic rats compared to those of the control. In addition, congestion, hemorrhage, necrosis, vacuolation and leukocytic infiltration in the kidneys, liver and spleen were observed in non-treated lead-acetate-induced anemic rats compared to the control. The effects of lead acetate were mitigated by IONPs, particularly the natural one. In conclusion, IONPs produced from Petroselinum crispum leaf extract can be used as an efficient and safe therapy in lead-acetate-induced anemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M. El-Bahr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21523, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
| | - Amal M. Elbakery
- Department of Maize and Sugar Crop Disease Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Nashwa El-Gazzar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Aziza A. Amin
- Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt;
| | - Saad Al-Sultan
- Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Saad Shousha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Sameer Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohammad Shathele
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Islam I. Sabeq
- Department of Food Control and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt;
| | - Ahlam F. Hamouda
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt;
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Evaluation of Exposure to Toluene and Xylene in Gasoline Station Workers. Adv Prev Med 2021; 2021:5553633. [PMID: 34104483 PMCID: PMC8159630 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5553633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The main volatile organic compounds found at gasoline stations are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (BTEX). They cause several harmful effects on human health. Regulatory Norm 7 (1978) provides that, in Brazil, biological monitoring of toluene and xylene is carried out by measuring the urinary metabolites hippuric acid (HA) and methylhippuric acid (MHA), respectively. The objective of this study was to assess the exposure to toluene and xylene and to identify related signs and symptoms in gasoline station workers. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with workers occupationally exposed to fuels. These gasoline station workers were divided into two groups: 94 workers exposed mainly by inhalation (convenience store workers (CSWs)) and 181 workers exposed by inhalation and dermal route (filling station attendants (FSAs)). A comparison group was formed by 119 workers not occupationally exposed to fuels (office workers (OWs)). Workers exposed to fuels had higher average levels of these exposure biomarkers (HA and MHA), which were also higher in convenience store workers than in filling station attendants. In addition, individuals exposed to the solvents present in gasoline had altered mood/depression, cramps, dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, irritability/nervousness, weakness, weight loss, and other symptoms more frequently and had higher urinary levels of HA and MHA compared to the comparison group. Gasoline station workers showed high levels of HA and MHA, reflecting high occupational exposure to the solvents toluene and xylene present in gasoline, demonstrating that changes in the current legislation and in the work environment are necessary to ensure better health protection for these workers.
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SATO N, TAKEDA K, NAKAMURA N. Development of a Copper-electrodeposited Gold Electrode for an Amperometric Creatinine Sensor to Detect Creatinine in Urine without Pretreatment. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.21-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoko SATO
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Kouta TAKEDA
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Nobuhumi NAKAMURA
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Wu WT, Jung WT, Lee HL. Lipid peroxidation metabolites associated with biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation stress in workers handling carbon nanotubes and metal oxide nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:577-587. [PMID: 33570441 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1879303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of lipid peroxidation with occupational exposure to different types of nanomaterials (NMs). In this cross-sectional study, urine and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples were collected from 80 NM-handling workers [30 workers handling nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO2), 28 handling nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2), 22 handling carbon nanotubes (CNTs)], and 69 controls (office workers) from 2010 to 2012. Urinary 8-isoPGF2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF2α, PGF2α, and EBC 8-iso PGF2α were measured as lipid peroxidation biomarkers in 2013. A significant positive correlation was found between 8-isoPGF2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF2α, PGF2α, and total isoprostane in urine. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were noted between EBC 8-iso PGF2α and urinary 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF2α (Spearman correlation r = 0.173, p = 0.035). Exposure to nano-TiO2 resulted in significantly higher levels of urinary 8-isoPGF2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF2α and PGF2α, even after controlling for confounding factors. Moreover, significant associations and exposure intensity-response relationships between EBC 8-iso PGF2α and NMs were observed in workers, whether handling nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2, or CNTs. Among them, the significant trends were identified based on the intensity of risk levels. These results provided evidence that exposure to nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2, and CNTs may lead to lipid peroxidation in EBC. For routine biomonitoring purposes, this finding, which came through noninvasive methods, may be useful for workers exposed to NMs.HighlightsData regarding the effects of nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO2), nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on lipid peroxidation in workers are limited.8-Iso PGF2α in exhaled breath condensate of workers exposed to nanoparticles was higher than that of office workers.Exposure to titanium oxide (TiO2) and silica (SiO2) may lead to lipid peroxidation, as indicated by 8-isoPGF2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF2α, and PGF2α.Examination of lipid peroxidation in EBC has seems to be a useful technique for noninvasive monitoring of workers exposed to nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Poça KSD, Giardini I, Silva PVB, Geraldino BR, Bellomo A, Alves JA, Conde TR, Zamith HPDS, Otero UB, Ferraris FK, Friedrich K, Sarpa M. Gasoline-station workers in Brazil: Benzene exposure; Genotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Mutat Res 2021; 865:503322. [PMID: 33865537 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to benzene is a risk factor for hematological malignancies. Gasoline-station workers are exposed to benzene in gasoline, via both inhalation and dermal contact (attendants and managers) or inhalation (workers in the on-site convenience stores and offices). We have studied the exposure of these workers to benzene and the resulting genotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Levels of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid were higher among gasoline-station workers than among office workers with no known exposure to benzene (comparison group). Among the exposed workers, we observed statistically significant biological effects, including elevated DNA damage (comet assay); higher frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds (CBMN assay); lower levels of T-helper lymphocytes and naive Th lymphocytes; lower CD4 / CD8 ratio; and higher levels of NK cells and memory Th lymphocytes. Both groups of exposed workers (inhalation and inhalation + dermal routes) showed similar genotoxic and immunotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Soares da Poça
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Giardini
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Paula Vieira Baptista Silva
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Antonella Bellomo
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Julia Araújo Alves
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Taline Ramos Conde
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Helena Pereira da Silva Zamith
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Ubirani Barros Otero
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil.
| | - Fausto Klabund Ferraris
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Karen Friedrich
- Centro de Estudos em Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ) - Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21041-210, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Sarpa
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
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Fernández-del-Campo-García MT, Casas-Ferreira AM, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Moreno-Cordero B, Pérez-Pavón JL. Development of a fast and reliable methodology for the determination of polyamines in urine by using a guard column as a low-resolution fractioning step prior to mass spectrometry. Comparison with flow injection-mass spectrometry analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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JANŠÁKOVÁ K, LENGYELOVÁ E, PRIBULOVÁ N, SOMOZA V, CELEC P, ŠEBEKOVÁ K, OSTATNÍKOVÁ D, TÓTHOVÁ Ľ. Metabolic and Renal Effects of Dietary Advanced Glycation end Products in Pregnant Rats – A Pilot Study. Physiol Res 2019; 68:467-479. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermally processed food contains advanced glycation end products (AGEs) including N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). Higher AGEs or circulating CML were shown to be associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. It is unclear whether this association is causal. The aim of our study was to analyze the effects of dietary CML and CML-containing thermally processed food on metabolism in pregnant rats. Animals were fed with standard or with AGE-rich diet from gestation day 1. Third group received standard diet and CML via gavage. On gestation day 18, blood pressure was measured, urine and blood were collected and the oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Plasma AGEs were slightly higher in pregnant rats fed with the AGE-rich diet (p=0.09). A non-significant trend towards higher CML in plasma was found in the CML group (p=0.06). No significant differences between groups were revealed in glucose metabolism or markers of renal functions like proteinuria and creatinine clearance. In conclusion, this study does not support the hypothesis that dietary AGEs such as CML might induce harmful metabolic changes or contribute to the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications. The short duration of the rodent gestation warrants further studies analyzing long-term effects of AGEs/CML in preconception nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. JANŠÁKOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - E. LENGYELOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia,
| | - N. PRIBULOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - V. SOMOZA
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P. CELEC
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - K. ŠEBEKOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - D. OSTATNÍKOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľ. TÓTHOVÁ
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Beckford K, Grimes CA, Margerison C, Riddell LJ, Skeaff SA, Nowson CA. Iodine Intakes of Victorian Schoolchildren Measured Using 24-h Urinary Iodine Excretion. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090961. [PMID: 28867787 PMCID: PMC5622721 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandatory fortification of bread with iodized salt was introduced in Australia in 2009, and studies using spot urine collections conducted post fortification indicate that Australian schoolchildren are now replete. However an accurate estimate of daily iodine intake utilizing 24-h urinary iodine excretion (UIE μg/day) has not been reported and compared to the estimated average requirement (EAR). This study aimed to assess daily total iodine intake and status of a sample of primary schoolchildren using 24-h urine samples. Victorian primary school children provided 24-h urine samples between 2011 and 2013, from which urinary iodine concentration (UIC, μg/L) and total iodine excretion (UIE, μg/day) as an estimate of intake was determined. Valid 24-h urine samples were provided by 650 children, mean (SD) age 9.3 (1.8) years (n = 359 boys). The mean UIE of 4–8 and 9–13 year olds was 94 (48) and 111 (57) μg/24-h, respectively, with 29% and 26% having a UIE below the age-specific EAR. The median (IQR) UIC was 124 (83,172) μg/L, with 36% of participants having a UIC < 100 μg/L. This convenience sample of Victorian schoolchildren were found to be iodine replete, based on UIC and estimated iodine intakes derived from 24-h urine collections, confirming the findings of the Australian Health Survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Beckford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Carley A Grimes
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Claire Margerison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Lynn J Riddell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Sheila A Skeaff
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, 362 Leith St, North Dunedin, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Caryl A Nowson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
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Service C, Grimes C, Riddell L, He F, Campbell K, Nowson C. Association between Parent and Child Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intakes as Assessed by 24-h Urinary Excretion. Nutrients 2016; 8:191. [PMID: 27043620 PMCID: PMC4848660 DOI: 10.3390/nu8040191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the association between parent and child sodium (Na) and potassium (K) intake as assessed by 24-h urinary excretion (24hUE). Primary school children and their parent(s) provided one 24-h urine sample and information on cooking and children's discretionary salt use. Valid urine samples were provided by 108 mothers (mean age 41.8 (5.1) (SD) years, Na 120 (45) mmol/day) (7.0 g/day salt equivalent) and 40 fathers (44.4 (4.9) years, Na 152 (49) mmol/day (8.9 g/day salt), and 168 offspring (51.8% male, age 9.1 (2.0) years, Na 101 (47) mmol/day (5.9 g/day salt). When adjusted for parental age, child age and gender a 17 mmol/day Na (1 g/day salt) increase in mother's 24hUE was associated with a 3.4 mmol/day Na (0.2 g/day salt) increase in child's salt 24hUE (p = 0.04) with no association observed between father and child. Sixty-seven percent of parents added salt during cooking and 37% of children added salt at the table. Children who reported adding table salt had higher urinary excretion than those who did not (p = 0.01). The association between mother and child Na intake may relate to the consumption of similar foods and highlights the importance of the home environment in influencing total dietary sodium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Service
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Carley Grimes
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Lynn Riddell
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Feng He
- Centre for Environmental and Preventative Medicine, Wolfson Institute of Preventative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Karen Campbell
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
| | - Caryl Nowson
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
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The Ginkgo biloba Extract Reverses the Renal Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Adult Male Rats. Biochem Res Int 2016; 2016:5781579. [PMID: 27042354 PMCID: PMC4794584 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5781579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) is a commercial product used as a nutraceutic herbal remedy in Europe and US. It contains 27% of the polyphenols isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and quercetin, as antioxidants. We used male adult Wistar rats (200-300 g), divided into four groups: control group (treated with 5.0 mg/kg of sodium chloride, intravenous), titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) group (5.0 mg/kg, intravenous), GbE group (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), and GbE + TiO2-NPs group (treated 24 h before with 10 mg/kg of GbE, intraperitoneal), followed, 24 h later, by 5.0 mg/kg of TiO2-NPs intravenously. The statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test for grouped data with ANOVA posttest. The GbE protected renal cells against the effects of TiO2-NPs because it reversed the increased activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and the enzymatic activity of dipeptidylaminopeptidase IV at all times tested (0-5, 5-24, 24-48, and 48-72 h). Also it reversed the glucosuria, hypernatriuria, and urine osmolarity at three times tested (5-24, 24-48, and 48-72). Thus, we conclude that GbE has a beneficial activity in the cytoplasmic membranes of brush border cells on the renal tubules, against the adverse effects that can be produced by some xenobiotics in this case the TiO2-NPs, in experimental rats.
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