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Chair M, AlAani H, Lafci Fahrioglu S, Ben Hamda C, Fahrioglu U, Degheidy T. The impact of hydrogen inhalation therapy on blood reactive oxygen species levels: A randomized controlled study. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:601-606. [PMID: 38996821 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play a key role in physiological processes. However, the imbalance between ROS and antioxidants in favor of the former causes oxidative stress linked to numerous pathologies. Due to its unique attributes, including distinguished permeability and selective antioxidant capability, molecular hydrogen (H2) has become an essential therapeutic agent. Hydrogen Inhalation Therapy (HIT) has come to light as a promising strategy to counteract oxidative stress. In this randomized controlled study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HIT in reducing blood ROS levels. 37 participants with elevated ROS levels (d-ROMs value > 350 U.CARR) were enrolled in the study. Participants were divided into test and control groups. The test group participants received HIT, and then their blood ROS levels were measured immediately post-treatment and after 24 h. Their results were compared to those of the control group participants who did not undergo HIT. The test group demonstrated a significant reduction in blood ROS levels after the treatment. These findings suggested the efficacy of HIT in reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Chair
- Agiomix Medical Laboratory, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hashem AlAani
- Agiomix Medical Laboratory, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Cherif Ben Hamda
- Agiomix Medical Laboratory, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Umut Fahrioglu
- Agiomix Medical Laboratory, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Precision Health Clinix, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tamer Degheidy
- Agiomix Medical Laboratory, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Precision Health Clinix, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Meloni A, Pistoia L, Spasiano A, Cossu A, Casini T, Massa A, Bagnato S, Putti MC, Maffei S, Positano V, Pepe A, Cademartiri F, Vassalle C. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Adult Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia: Correlation with Demographic, Laboratory, and Clinical Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:446. [PMID: 38671894 PMCID: PMC11047726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron overload in beta transfusion-dependent thalassemia (β-TDT) may provoke oxidative stress and reduction of the antioxidant defenses, with serious consequences for the disease course and complications. The present study evaluated the oxidant/antioxidant status of β-TDT patients and its correlation with demographic, clinical, laboratory, and instrumental biomarkers. The OXY-adsorbent assay and the d-ROMs (Diacron, Grosseto, Italy) were evaluated in 58 β-TDT patients (mean age: 37.55 ± 7.83 years, 28 females) enrolled in the Extension-Myocardial Iron Overload in Thalassemia Network. Iron overload was quantified with R2* magnetic resonance imaging. Mean OXY was 323.75 ± 113.19 μmol HClO/mL and 39 (67.2%) patients showed a decreased OXY-Adsorbent level (<350 μmol HClO/mL), of whom 22 (37.9%) showed severely reduced levels. Mean d-ROMs was 305.12 ± 62.19 UA; 12 (20.7%) patients showed oxidative stress, and 4 (6.9%) elevated oxidative stress. OXY showed a significant negative correlation with global and segmental cardiac iron levels. D-ROMs levels significantly correlated with markers of cardiovascular risk (aging, glycemia, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide). Antioxidant depletion is frequent in β-TDT patients, where OXY might serve as additive biomarker to assess heart iron status, whereas the d-ROMs might be helpful to assess the cardiovascular risk burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Meloni
- Bioengineering Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Laura Pistoia
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
- Unità Operativa Complessa Ricerca Clinica, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Spasiano
- Unità Operativa Semplice, Dipartimentale Malattie Rare del Globulo Rosso, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale “A. Cardarelli”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonella Cossu
- Ambulatorio Trasfusionale—Servizio Immunoematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale, Dipartimento dei Servizi, Presidio Ospedaliero “San Francesco”, 08100 Nuoro, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Casini
- Oncologia, Ematologia e Trapianto di Cellule Staminali Emopoietiche, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Antonella Massa
- Servizio Trasfusionale, Ospedale “Giovanni Paolo II”, 07026 Olbia, Italy;
| | - Sergio Bagnato
- Ematologia Microcitemia, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio—ASP Crotone, 88900 Crotone, Italy;
| | - Maria Caterina Putti
- Dipartimento della Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Clinica di Emato-Oncologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliero, Università di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Silvia Maffei
- Cardiovascular and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Positano
- Bioengineering Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (V.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessia Pepe
- Institute of Radiology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Medicina di Laboratorio, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Rubio CP, Cerón JJ. Spectrophotometric assays for evaluation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in serum: general concepts and applications in dogs and humans. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:226. [PMID: 34174882 PMCID: PMC8235564 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02924-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive compounds derived from oxygen. In biological systems, an excessive amount of ROS can cause oxidative damage to biological macromolecules being involved in different diseases. Several assays have been developed in the last 30 years for ROS evaluation. The objective of this article will be to provide an update about the spectrophotometric methods currently used in the assessment of ROS in serum. The chemical basis of four different techniques will be reviewed, and examples of their possible applications will be provided. A particular emphasis about the practical applications of these assays in the dog will be made, but selected information about their use in humans will also be presented for comparative purposes, following a One-Health approach. The information about the spectrophotometric assays presented in this paper should be interpreted with caution once limited information about them is available yet, and further studies should be performed to clarify what they measure and their clinical application. Ideally, when applied to evaluate a sample's oxidative status, they should be incorporated in a panel of analytes where other oxidants, antioxidants, and biomarkers of inflammation were also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Peres Rubio
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Joaquin Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Shiraishi Y, Ishigami N, Kujiraoka T, Sato A, Fujita M, Ido Y, Adachi T. Deletion of Superoxide Dismutase 1 Blunted Inflammatory Aortic Remodeling in Hypertensive Mice under Angiotensin II Infusion. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030471. [PMID: 33809716 PMCID: PMC8002308 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of two superoxide anions (O2·−) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2) and is generally known to protect against oxidative stress. Angiotensin II (AngII) causes vascular hypertrophic remodeling which is associated with H2O2 generation. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of cytosolic SOD (SOD1) in AngII-induced vascular hypertrophy. We employed C57/BL6 mice (WT) and SOD1 deficient mice (SOD1−/−) with the same background. They received a continuous infusion of saline or AngII (3.2 mg/kg/day) for seven days. The blood pressures were equally elevated at 1.5 times with AngII, however, vascular hypertrophy was blunted in SOD1−/− mice compared to WT mice (WT mice 91.9 ± 1.13 µm versus SOD1−/− mice 68.4 ± 1.41 µm p < 0.001). The elevation of aortic interleukin 6 (IL-6) and phosphorylation of pro-inflammatory STAT3 due to AngII were also blunted in SOD1−/− mice’s aortas. In cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), reducing expression of SOD1 with siRNA decreased AngII induced IL-6 release as well as phosphorylation of STAT3. Pre-incubation with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase also attenuated phosphorylation of STAT3 due to AngII. These results indicate that SOD1 in VSMCs plays a role in vascular hypertrophy due to increased inflammation caused by AngII, probably via the production of cytosolic H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunaga Shiraishi
- Division of Environmental Medicine, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-2995-1626
| | - Norio Ishigami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan; (N.I.); (T.K.); (A.S.); (Y.I.); (T.A.)
| | - Takehiko Kujiraoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan; (N.I.); (T.K.); (A.S.); (Y.I.); (T.A.)
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan; (N.I.); (T.K.); (A.S.); (Y.I.); (T.A.)
| | - Masanori Fujita
- Division of Environmental Medicine, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan;
| | - Yasuo Ido
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan; (N.I.); (T.K.); (A.S.); (Y.I.); (T.A.)
| | - Takeshi Adachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513, Japan; (N.I.); (T.K.); (A.S.); (Y.I.); (T.A.)
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Vassalle C, Del Turco S, Sabatino L, Basta G, Maltinti M, Sbrana F, Ndreu R, Mastorci F, Pingitore A. New inflammatory and oxidative stress-based biomarker changes in response to a half-marathon in recreational athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:1390-1395. [PMID: 32536110 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulation of oxidative stress/inflammation during exercise may have both positive and negative health effects, depending by a number of factors (e.g. training status, and exercise type, intensity and duration) and the oxidative stress or inflammation-related biomarkers considered, which may reflect different levels of the oxidative stress/inflammatory multi entities. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammatory multi-biomarker panel in response to a half-marathon during early and delayed recovery. METHODS Blood samples (baseline, postrace within 20 min after the race end, and 24 h and 48 h after the run) from runners (N.=31, 20 males, mean age 47±6 years) were assessed for reactive oxygen species (ROM assay) and total antioxidant capacity (OXY test), leukocyte telomere length (LTL), procoagulant activity of circulating microparticles (MP-PCA), inflammatory parameters obtained by hemocrome, and irisin. RESULTS A significant decrease for OXY (from 375±71 to 280±66, 239±54, 239±45 µmolHClO/mL) after the half-marathon and during recovery was observed. A reduction for ROMs was also evidenced respect to baseline (from 328±46 to 301±39, 290±56, 320±55 AU). Instead, MP-PCA increased after the race (from 6.2±6 to 10.5±6, 7±4.3 and 5.8±2.1 nmol/L), whereas the other biomarkers did not significantly change. CONCLUSIONS The oxidant counterpart did not increase in response to the half-marathon, likely counteracted by antioxidants, which appeared greatly worn out. MP-PCA and WBC increase, always within the normality range, may represent an adaptation to regular chronic endurance training. In any case, antioxidant supply could be considered and tailored for each athlete in this exercise setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vassalle
- G. Monasterio Foundation, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR-Regione Toscana San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy -
| | - Serena Del Turco
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Sabatino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Basta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maristella Maltinti
- G. Monasterio Foundation, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR-Regione Toscana San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Sbrana
- G. Monasterio Foundation, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR-Regione Toscana San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rudina Ndreu
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Mastorci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR San Cataldo Research Area, Pisa, Italy
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Targeting Oxidative Stress for Disease Prevention and Therapy: Where Do We Stand, and Where Do We Go from Here. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112653. [PMID: 32517368 PMCID: PMC7321135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS) is one of the main processes related to aging and a common denominator of many different chronic/degenerative diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and neurodegenerative conditions and cancer). Thus, its potential modulation by supplementation/pharmacological therapy caused a lot of interest. However, these expectations have been mitigated by the obtainment of controversial results (beneficial, null, or adverse effects) following antioxidant interventions. Here, we discuss the current understanding of OxS assessment in health and disease, challenges and the potential of its evaluation in clinical practice, and available and future development for supplementation and pharmacologic strategies targeting OxS.
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Gaggini M, Sabatino L, Vassalle C. Conventional and innovative methods to assess oxidative stress biomarkers in the clinical cardiovascular setting. Biotechniques 2020; 68:223-231. [PMID: 32066251 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2019-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has a pivotal and widely described role in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaque and cardiovascular disease. Many oxidative stress-related biomarkers can be measured in biological samples; however, there are still many aspects that limit the adoption of oxidative stress assessment in clinical laboratory practice. Here, we report an overview of the different sources and main common oxidative stress biomarkers relevant for cardiovascular physiopathology, describing in detail a recently proposed lipidomic assay for ceramide assessment, as a promising future development in oxidative stress evaluation among the many available redox-related tests.
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Takahashi H, Aoki Y, Saito J, Nakajima A, Sonobe M, Akatsu Y, Taniguchi S, Yamada M, Koyama K, Akiyama Y, Shiga Y, Inage K, Orita S, Eguchi Y, Maki S, Furuya T, Akazawa T, Koda M, Yamazaki M, Ohtori S, Nakagawa K. Serum oxidative stress influences neurological recovery after surgery to treat acutely worsening symptoms of compression myelopathy: a cross-sectional human study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:589. [PMID: 31810443 PMCID: PMC6898939 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent reports indicate that oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species is associated with the pathobiology of neurodegenerative disorders that involve neuronal cell apoptosis. Here we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate serum levels of oxidative stress in cervical compression myelopathy. Methods Thirty-six serum samples were collected preoperatively from patients treated for acutely worsening compression myelopathy (AM) and chronic compression myelopathy (CM). Serum levels of oxidative stress markers were evaluated by measuring derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), which reflect concentrations of hydroperoxides. ROM in healthy individuals range from 250 to 300 (U. CARR), whereas ROM >340–400 and > 400 define moderate and severe levels of oxidative stress, respectively. Difference of ROM by the cause of disorders whether cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) or cervical ossification of longitudinal ligament (OPLL), correlations between ROM and patient age, body mass index (BMI), history of smoking, existence of diabetes were examined. Neurological evaluations according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were performed and correlated with ROM. Results ROM increased to 349.5 ± 54.8, representing a moderate oxidative stress, in CM samples. ROM increased to 409.2 ± 77.9 in AM samples, reflecting severe oxidative stress which were significantly higher than for CM samples (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference by the cause of disorders (CSM or OPLL). ROM were significantly increased in AM serum samples from female patients versus AM male and CM patients (p < 0.05). There were no correlations between ROM and age, BMI, history of smoking, and existence of diabetes. A negative correlation between ROM and recovery rate of JOA score (R2 = 0.454, p = 0.047) was observed in the AM group. Conclusions Although moderate oxidative stress was present in patients with CM, levels of oxidative stress increased in severity in patients with AM. These results suggest that postsurgical neurological recovery is influenced by severe oxidative stress in AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan.
| | - Yasuchika Aoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2, Okayamadai, Togane, Japan
| | - Junya Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Arata Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Masato Sonobe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Yorikazu Akatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Shinji Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Keita Koyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Yuki Akiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yawara Eguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimoshizu National Hospital, 934-5, Shikawatashi, Yotsukaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeo Furuya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamaeku, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masao Koda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Center 564-1, Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan
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Yasuo M, Droma Y, Kitaguchi Y, Ito M, Imamura H, Kawakubo M, Hanaoka M. The relationship between acrolein and oxidative stress in COPD: in systemic plasma and in local lung tissue. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:1527-1537. [PMID: 31371938 PMCID: PMC6636184 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s208633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cigarette smoke produces a high level of acrolein, which is thought to be pathogenically involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated the pathological role of acrolein in the development of COPD. Patients and methods Acrolein concentration was measured in plasmas obtained from 47 patients with COPD and 18 current smokers without COPD, and in supernatants of homogenized lung tissues obtained from 10 never-smokers, 8 current smokers, and 8 patients with COPD by high-performance liquid chromatography. Oxidant status and antioxidant activity were measured using derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) and bio-antioxidant power (BAP), respectively, in the Free Radical Elective Evaluation FRAS4 system. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the over-presentation of acrolein in lung tissues of patients with COPD. Results Plasma concentrations of acrolein were significantly higher in the patients with COPD than the non-COPD smokers (P<0.001), which significantly correlated with the oxidant status in patients with COPD (R=0.69, P<0.05). Similar pathological alterations in acrolein concentrations were found in the lung tissue supernatants of patients with COPD, which significantly correlated with the oxidant status in patients with COPD. Furthermore, acrolein was strongly expressed in the lung tissues of patients with COPD. Conclusion The increased acrolein concentrations were highly involved in the pathogenesis of COPD through interference in the balance of oxidative stress versus antioxidant potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yasuo
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yunden Droma
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kitaguchi
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Michiko Ito
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hitomi Imamura
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masatomo Kawakubo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanaoka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
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Lubrano V, Pingitore A, Traghella I, Storti S, Parri S, Berti S, Ndreu R, Andrenelli A, Palmieri C, Iervasi G, Mastorci F, Vassalle C. Emerging Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Acute and Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Levels and Determinants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050115. [PMID: 31052417 PMCID: PMC6562723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress is crucial in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Under the generic terms “oxidative stress” (OS), many biomarkers belonging to different pathways have been proposed. Aim: To compare the levels of recently proposed OS-related parameters in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD), to evaluate their effectiveness as additive risk or illness indicators of stable and acute ischemic events, and their response over time during the course of AMI. Methods: 76 ACS, 77 CAD patients, and 63 controls were enrolled in the study. Different OS-related biomarkers, including reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), the total antioxidant capacity (OXY), nitrite/nitrate (final nitric oxide products, NOx), and Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), were evaluated. Moreover, time response during AMI course (admission, and 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 hours after, T0-T6, respectively) and correlation with traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking habit) were also assessed. Results: Over time, ROM progressively increased while OXY and NOx decreased. Kinetics of LOX-1 during AMI shows that this biomarker boosts early during the acute event (T1 and T2) and then progressively decreases, being significantly lower from T0 to T6. Different OS-related biomarkers were differentially associated with CV risk factors and CAD or ACS presence. Conclusion: Differences in OS-related biomarkers (between groups, according to the response over time during AMI, and to the presence of CV risk factors) confirmed OS involvement in the transition from healthy status to stable CAD and ACS, although evidencing the heterogeneous nature of redox processes. In future, a multi-marker panel including different biomarkers and pathways of oxidative stress could be evaluated as an additive tool to be used in the CV prevention, diagnosis, patient stratification, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter Lubrano
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Irene Traghella
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Simona Storti
- Ospedale del Cuore G Pasquinucci, Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy.
| | - Serena Parri
- Ospedale del Cuore G Pasquinucci, Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy.
| | - Sergio Berti
- Ospedale del Cuore G Pasquinucci, Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy.
| | - Rudina Ndreu
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, CNR, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Andrenelli
- Ospedale del Cuore G Pasquinucci, Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy.
| | - Cataldo Palmieri
- Ospedale del Cuore G Pasquinucci, Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, 54100 Massa, Italy.
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11
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Kobayashi H, Iorio EL, Yoshino A. Effects of mode of delivery on pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in fetal circulation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:3294-3299. [PMID: 30231659 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1526911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the influence of mode of delivery on the balance between pro-oxidant/antioxidant systems in fetal circulation. Materials and methods: Both umbilical arterial and venous blood samples were obtained from 37 pregnant women who delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery (VD group) and from 29 pregnant women who delivered by elective cesarean section (CS group). Oxidative stress and antioxidant activity were evaluated by reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP), respectively. Results: The d-ROMs values of the VD group were higher than that of the CS group in both umbilical arterial and venous blood and these differences were found to be statistically significant (p < .01 and p < .01, respectively). The BAP values of only the umbilical arterial blood were found to be statistically significant (p < .01), with values from the VD group being higher than those of the CS group. In all measurements, the d-ROMs values averaged below 120 CARR U and BAP values averaged above 2200 µmol/L. The ratio of BAP/d-ROMs difference was found to be statistically significant (p < .01) only in the umbilical venous blood, with ratios in the VD group being lower than those in the CS group. Conclusions: Our statistical analyses suggest that vaginal delivery has an effect on increasing oxidative stress as a result of the stress of labor and that an elective cesarean section does not impair the mother's oxidative stress status. Furthermore, the high BAP values in all the measurements suggest that neonates just after birth have the ability to cope with oxidative stress. Rationale In many studies, the diversity of views on the influence of mode of delivery on the redox status of neonates is likely to be caused by the use of different biomarkers to measure either the oxidative stress, the antioxidant activity, or both. Furthermore, incomplete explanation for sampling cord blood in these studies, either arterial, venous blood or both, complicates matters. To solve the above, this study was designed to assess the effects of mode of delivery on both pro-oxidants, via d-ROMs, and antioxidants, via BAP, in both umbilical arterial and venous blood samples obtained just after birth. There are no existing studies of BAP in both umbilical arterial and venous blood to which we can refer. In conclusion, our study suggests that the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in neonates just after birth is better than may be expected when compared to the potentials of adults (including pregnant mothers) according to interpretations of BAP/d-ROMs. This can be understood that neonates may have already been endowed with the ability to cope with oxidative stress, as informed by high BAP values in both umbilical arterial and venous blood. Vaginal delivery may have an effect on increasing oxidative stress as a result of the stress of labors (as measured by d-ROMs), and an elective cesarean section, which has better BAP/d-ROMs in umbilical venous blood than that of vaginal delivery, may not impair the mother's oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaaki Kobayashi
- a Department of Obstetrics , Nishisaitama Chuo National Hospital , Tokorozawa , Japan.,b Department of Gynecology , Nishisaitama Chuo National Hospital , Tokorozawa , Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Yoshino
- a Department of Obstetrics , Nishisaitama Chuo National Hospital , Tokorozawa , Japan.,b Department of Gynecology , Nishisaitama Chuo National Hospital , Tokorozawa , Japan
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12
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Pesce M, Tatangelo R, La Fratta I, Rizzuto A, Campagna G, Turli C, Ferrone A, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Patruno A, Ballerini P, De Lutiis MA, Felaco M, Grilli A. Aging-Related Oxidative Stress: Positive Effect of Memory Training. Neuroscience 2018; 370:246-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Mirzad AN, Tada T, Ano H, Kobayashi I, Yamauchi T, Katamoto H. Seasonal changes in serum oxidative stress biomarkers in dairy and beef cows in a daytime grazing system. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 80:20-27. [PMID: 29142148 PMCID: PMC5797854 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the oxidative stress during hot summer season using serum oxidative stress biomarkers and elucidate the effects of serum antioxidant vitamin levels in dairy and beef cows in a daytime grazing system. Blood samples were collected once a month from eight Holstein Friesian (HF) and 10 Japanese Black (JB) cows from November 2013 to October 2014. Serum values of derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) tended to be higher in March in both breeds and those in HF cows were kept at higher (P<0.001) levels than those in JB cows during the study period. Serum levels of biological antioxidant potential (BAP) in both breeds were maintained at almost the same values during study period. The OSI [(d-ROMs/BAP) × 100] values in both breeds showed similar seasonal changes, i. e. increase from December to March and decrease from March to August or September. In addition, the OSI values in HF cows were kept at higher (P<0.01) levels than those in JB cows during the study period. Serum concentrations of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, blood urea nitrogen and total cholesterol showed similar seasonal changes in both breeds, low in the winter and high from spring to summer, which may be attributed to the pasture grass intake. Opposite changes in OSI values and serum concentrations of α-tocopherol and β-carotene indicated that antioxidant vitamin levels could affect oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nawid Mirzad
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.,Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Balkh University, Mazar-e-Sharif 1701, Balkh, Afghanistan
| | - Takashi Tada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kobayashi
- Sumiyoshi Livestock Science Station, University of Miyazaki, 10100-1, Shimanouchi, Miyazaki 880-0121, Japan
| | - Takenori Yamauchi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromu Katamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1, Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Dalan R, Liu X, Goh LL, Bing S, Luo KQ. Endothelial cell apoptosis correlates with low haptoglobin concentrations in diabetes. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:534-539. [PMID: 28830235 PMCID: PMC5652643 DOI: 10.1177/1479164117719827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The haptoglobin 2-2 genotype is associated with lower haptoglobin concentrations and atherosclerosis in diabetes. Endothelial cell apoptosis contributes significantly to atherosclerosis. We studied endothelial cell apoptosis in diabetes patients with haptoglobin 2-2 and non-haptoglobin 2-2 genotype. Approach and results: We pooled plasma from 10 patients with haptoglobin 2-2 and non-haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and quantified endothelial cell apoptosis using a hemodynamic lab-on-chip system. Then, we conducted similar experiments on individual diabetes plasma samples with the haptoglobin 2-2 ( n = 20) and non-haptoglobin 2-2 genotype ( n = 20). Haptoglobin beta concentrations were measured by Western blot analysis. We looked for association with demographic, metabolic variables, inflammation and oxidative stress. In pooled plasma, endothelial cell apoptosis was higher in haptoglobin 2-2 group (haptoglobin 2-2: 23.18% vs non-haptoglobin 2-2:15.32%). In individual samples, univariate analysis showed that endothelial cell apoptosis correlated with haptoglobin beta concentration [ β = -10.29 (95% confidence interval: -13.44, -7.14), p < 0.001] and total haptoglobin concentration [ β = -0.03 (95% confidence interval: -0.05, -0.002), p = 0.03]. After multivariable analysis, only haptoglobin beta concentrations remained significant [ β = -9.24 (95% confidence interval: -13.10, -5.37), p < 0.001]. The interaction term between haptoglobin genotypes and haptoglobin beta was not significant ( p > 0.05). CONCLUSION These results show that regardless of the haptoglobin genotype, haptoglobin is associated with prevention of endothelial cell apoptosis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinkoo Dalan
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Rinkoo Dalan, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433 Singapore.
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Sun Bing
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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15
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Kusano K, Yamazaki M, Kiuchi M, Kaneko K, Koyama K. Reference range of blood biomarkers for oxidative stress in Thoroughbred racehorses (2-5 years old). J Equine Sci 2016; 27:125-129. [PMID: 27703408 PMCID: PMC5048360 DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidant and antioxidant equilibrium is known to play an important role in equine medicine and equine exercise physiology. There are abundant findings in
this field; however, not many studies have been conducted for reference ranges of oxidative stress biomarkers in horses. This study was conducted to determine
the reference values of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) using blood samples from 372 (191 males, 181 females)
Thoroughbred racehorse aged 2 to 5 (3.43 ± 1.10 (mean ± SD)) years old. There were obvious gender differences in oxidative biomarkers, and growth/age-related
changes were observed especially in females. Gender and age must be considered when interpreting obtained oxidative stress biomarkers for diagnosis of disease
or fitness alterations in Thoroughbred racehorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanichi Kusano
- Miho Training Center, Racehorse Hospital, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan
| | | | - Masataka Kiuchi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | | | - Katsuhiro Koyama
- Graduate School Department of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
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16
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Costantini D. Oxidative stress ecology and the d-ROMs test: facts, misfacts and an appraisal of a decade’s work. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Circulating Glutamate and Taurine Levels Are Associated with the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:7650976. [PMID: 26880856 PMCID: PMC4736607 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7650976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, but its proarrhythmic mechanism remains to be elucidated. Glutamate (Glu) and taurine (Tau) are present in the myocardium at substantially higher concentrations than in the plasma, suggesting their active role in myocardium. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the metabolism of Glu and Tau is altered in association with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in patients with AF. Fifty patients with paroxysmal AF and 50 control subjects without a history of AF were consecutively enrolled. Circulating Glu and Tau levels were measured and correlations between Glu/Tau and ROS levels were examined. Glu/Tau content was significantly higher in patients with AF versus controls (Glu: 79.2 ± 23.9 versus 60.5 ± 25.2 nmol/L; Tau: 78.8 ± 19.8 versus 68.5 ± 20.8 nmol/L; mean ± standard deviation (SD), p < 0.001 for both). Glu/Tau levels also showed an independent association with AF by multiple logistic regression analysis. Glu and Tau levels both showed significant positive associations with plasma hydroperoxide concentrations. These data suggest a novel pathophysiological role of Glu and Tau in association with ROS production in paroxysmal AF, providing new insights into the elevated amino acid content in cardiac disease.
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18
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Shimizu N, Hasunuma H, Watanabe Y, Matsuzawa Y, Iwashita Y, Tatsuno I, Yokota H. The Simultaneous Elevation of Oxidative Stress Markers and Wilms' Tumor 1 Gene during the Progression of Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Intern Med 2016; 55:3661-3664. [PMID: 27980269 PMCID: PMC5283969 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.7156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is closely related to iron overload in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and induces DNA damage. We evaluated the oxidative stress markers derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites (dROM) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) during azacitidine treatment in an MDS patient. Simultaneous with an increase in the expression of Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) gene in the peripheral blood, the serum dROM level was elevated, and this increase was observed earlier than the increases in ferritin and 8-OHdG. Throughout the clinical course, dROM and 8-OHdG correlated significantly with WT1 and with ferritin, suggesting that changes in the oxidative stress marker levels reflect not only iron overload but also disease progression of MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Shimizu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Toho University Medical Center Sakura Hospital, Japan
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Vassalle C, Piaggi P, Weltman N, Prontera C, Garbella E, Menicucci D, Lubrano V, Piarulli A, Castagnini C, Passera M, Pellegrini S, Metelli MR, Bedini R, Gemignani A, Pingitore A. Innovative approach to interpret the variability of biomarkers after ultra-endurance exercise: the multifactorial analysis. Biomark Med 2015; 8:881-91. [PMID: 25224944 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We assessed the inter-relationship that exists between variations of different biochemical and hematological parameters following strenuous endurance exercise in Ironmen by using multiple factor analysis (MFA). MFA was used to estimate the associations among groups of parameters in order to identify concurrent changes in many different biochemical variables. MATERIALS & METHODS In total, 14 Ironman athletes were followed before and early after a race. MFA was applied to the parameters that showed a significant variation after the race, as we previously described in detail. Specifically, MFA standardizes data in each group and calculates the global axes (GAs), which are the linear combination of original parameters that maximize the global data variance. RESULTS MFA identified three global axes (GAs) as significant, explaining approximately 62% of the global data variance. The first GA contained NT-proBNP, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8 and the oxidative index. The second and third GAs included calcium, creatinine, potassium, uric acid, hemoglobin, hematocrit and glucose. Analysis of the first two GAs showed that changes in the oxidative index were associated with variations in IL-8 and NT-proBNP. CONCLUSION Among all the variables considered, MFA evidenced a close relationship between variations in oxidative stress, IL-8 and NT-proBNP, which may have a meaning in the mechanisms related to the physiological response after strenuous acute exercise.
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20
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Cighetti G, Bamonti F, Aman CS, Gregori D, De Giuseppe R, Novembrino C, de Liso F, Maiavacca R, Paroni R. Oxidative status in different settings and with different methodological approaches compared by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Clin Biochem 2014; 48:73-8. [PMID: 25305628 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the performance of different analytical approaches in highlighting the occurrence of deregulated redox status in various physio-pathological situations. DESIGN AND METHODS 35 light and 61 heavy smokers, 19 chronic renal failure, 59 kidney transplanted patients, and 87 healthy controls were retrospectively considered for the study. Serum oxidative stress and antioxidant status, assessed by spectrophotometric Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (d-ROMs) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) tests, respectively, were compared with plasma free (F-MDA) and total (T-MDA) malondialdehyde, both quantified by isotope-dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS). Sensitivity, specificity and cut-off points of T-MDA, F-MDA, d-ROMs and TAC were evaluated by both Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses and area under the ROC curve (AUC). RESULTS Only T-MDA assay showed a clear absence of oxidative stress in controls and significant increase in all patients (AUC 1.00, sensitivity and specificity 100%). Accuracy was good for d-ROMs (AUC 0.87, sensitivity 72.8%, specificity 100%) and F-MDA (AUC 0.82, sensitivity 74.7%, specificity 83.9%), but not high enough for TAC to show in patients impaired antioxidant defense (AUC 0.66, sensitivity 52.0%, specificity 92.9%). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals T-MDA as the best marker to detect oxidative stress, shows the ability of d-ROMs to identify modified oxidative status particularly in the presence of high damages, and evidences the poor TAC performance. d-ROMs and TAC assays could be useful for routine purposes; however, for an accurate clinical data evaluation, their comparison versus a "gold standard method" is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Cighetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; U.O. Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Caroline S Aman
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unità di Biostatistica, Epidemiologia e Salute Pubblica, Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiologiche, Toraciche e Vascolari, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; U.O. Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Novembrino
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica de Liso
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Maiavacca
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Paroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, H San Paolo, Milano, Italy.
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Vassalle C, Vigna L, Bianchi S, Maffei S, Novembrino C, De Giuseppe R, de Liso F, Vannucci A, Tirelli S, Maiavacca R, Bamonti F. A biomarker of oxidative stress as a nontraditional risk factor in obese subjects. Biomark Med 2014; 7:633-9. [PMID: 23905900 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been postulated as an additive factor linking obesity to cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS & METHODS Derivatives of reactive oxygen species metabolites (d-ROMs) were measured in 136 obese (42 males, 94 females; mean age: 47 ± 12 years; BMI: 36 ± 5 kg/m(2)) and in 306 over- and normal-weight subjects (112 males, 194 females; age: 47 ± 12 years; BMI: 24 ± 3 kg/m(2)). RESULTS d-ROMs levels were higher in obese than in over- and normal-weight subjects (395 ± 104 vs 362 ± 102 and 351 ± 84 arbitrary units (AU); p < 0.001), in women than males (390 ± 104 vs 327 ± 68 AU; p < 0.001), in subjects with than those without hypertension (390 ± 103 vs 360 ± 95 AU; p < 0.01) and in smokers than former and nonsmokers (380 ± 97 vs 358 ± 97 AU; p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between d-ROMs and BMI (r = 0.25; p < 0.001) and age (r = 0.13; p < 0.01). Levels of d-ROM (>75th percentile: 420 AU) remained as an independent obesity predictor (odds ratio: 2.5; p < 0.001) in women. Continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation. CONCLUSION d-ROMs are a powerful obesity predictor, and could represent a reliable tool in obesity and cardiovascular risk evaluation, especially in women.
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Takemori K, Murakami T, Kometani T, Ito H. Possible involvement of oxidative stress as a causative factor in blood-brain barrier dysfunction in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Microvasc Res 2013; 90:169-72. [PMID: 23978333 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the pathogenic roles of oxidative stress on blood-brain-barrier (BBB) dysfunction, we compared the chronological changes of oxidative stress in blood and cerebral tissue between stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Plasma and tissue oxidative stress was assayed by the diacron-reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) test using 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a reference oxidative stress marker. The plasma and cerebral cortex d-ROM levels increased in SHRSP after 16weeks of age, but not in WKY. There were no significant differences in 8-OHdG or lipid peroxidation markers between SHRSP and WKY. Antioxidant capacity, as estimated by the biological antioxidant potential test, was similar between SHRSP and WKY at all ages examined. The changes in plasma and tissue d-ROM levels coincided with changes in glucose transporter-1 and aquaporin-4 expression, as functional constituents of the BBB. These results indicate that plasma oxidative stress increases before the onset of tissue damage, and plays an important role in BBB dysfunction rather than decreases in antioxidant capacity. The plasma d-ROM test appears to be useful for predicting vasogenic cerebral edema in severe hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Takemori
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
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Tsubone H, Hanafusa M, Endo M, Manabe N, Hiraga A, Ohmura H, Aida H. Effect of Treadmill Exercise and Hydrogen-rich Water Intake on Serum Oxidative and Anti-oxidative Metabolites in Serum of Thoroughbred Horses. J Equine Sci 2013; 24:1-8. [PMID: 24833996 PMCID: PMC4013981 DOI: 10.1294/jes.24.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify changes of oxidative stress and antioxidative
functions in treadmill-exercised Thoroughbred horses (n=5, 3 to 7 years old), using
recently developed techniques for measurement of serum d-ROMs for oxidative stress, and
BAP for antioxidative markers. Also, the effect of nasogastric administration of
hydrogen-rich water (HW) or placebo water preceding the treadmill exercise on these
parameters was examined. Each horse was subjected to a maximum level of treadmill exercise
in which the horses were exhausted at an average speed of 13.2 ± 0.84 m/sec. Blood samples
were taken 4 times, immediately before the intake of HW or placebo water at 30 min
preceding the treadmill exercise, immediately before the exercise (pre-exercise),
immediately after the exercise (post-exercise) and at 30 min following the exercise. In
all horses, both d-ROMs and BAP values significantly increased at post-exercise. The
increase in d-ROMs tended to be lower in the HW trial, as compared to the placebo trial at
pre-exercise. The increase in BAP was considerable at approximately 150% of the
pre-exercise values in both the HW and placebo treatment trials. The BAP/d-ROMs ratio was
significantly elevated at post-exercise in both treatment trials, while a significant
elevation was also observed at pre-exercise in the HW trial. BAP, d-ROM, and the BAP/d-ROM
ratio tended to decline at 30 min after the exercise, except BAP and BAP/d-ROMs in the
placebo trial. These results demonstrate that the marked elevation of oxidative stress and
anitioxidative functions occurred simultaneously in the intensively exercised horses, and
suggest a possibility that HW has some antioxidative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tsubone
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hanafusa
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Maiko Endo
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3145 Ago, Ibaraki-Kasama 319-0206, Japan
| | - Noboru Manabe
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3145 Ago, Ibaraki-Kasama 319-0206, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraga
- Hidaka Training Farm, Japan Racing Association, 535-13 Aza-nisi Sha, Urakawa-cho, Hokkaido 057-0171, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohmura
- The Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
| | - Hiroko Aida
- The Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 321-4 Tokami-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan
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Borrelli E, Diadori A, Zalaffi A, Bocci V. Effects of major ozonated autohemotherapy in the treatment of dry age related macular degeneration: a randomized controlled clinical study. Int J Ophthalmol 2012; 5:708-13. [PMID: 23275905 PMCID: PMC3530813 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2012.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of systemic ozonated major autohaemotherapy (O(3)-AHT) in patients affected by dry age related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS This study was a randomized, controlled clinical study. One hundred and forty patients with the diagnosis of AMD in both eyes, with the study eye presenting dry AMD and soft drusen, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either receive 27 major ozonated autohemotherapy treatments during 12-month period, or a standardized multi-vitamin therapy. Primary outcome was the change in best corrected visual acuity (mean logMar change) between the baseline and 6 and 12 months, end point of the study. In addition, to investigate the safety of prolonged ozonated autohaemotherapy, we measured the routine haematochemical parameters and biochemical oxidative stress values at baseline and after 12 months treatment time. RESULTS The mean baseline best corrected visual acuity in study eyes was 0.36 in the treatment group and 0.38 in the control group (difference not statistically significant). At the primary endpoint, 6 months post-baseline, the mean logMAR change in the treated group improved by 0.1 and the values of the control group at the same time impaired by 0.2 respect to the baseline. Four percent and twenty-five percent of eyes in the group treated with O(3)-AHT gained 1 or more lines after 6 and 12 months respectively compared to 0% in the eyes which received no treatment (P<0.05 at 12 months). None of the treated patients experienced a loss in visual acuity in their study eye at 6 and 12 months, compared to 16% and 40 % of patients in the control group who lost 2 lines or more at 6 months and 12 months respectively (P<0.05 treated vs control group)). Major ozonated autohemotherapy was shown to be safe and well- tolerated by the patients. Moreover, the haematochemical parameters showed a decrease in the Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (300±10.1 UCARR at 12 months compared to a baseline value of 380±10.4 UCARR, P<0.05) and an increase in Biological Antioxidant Potential plasma values (2100±34.8 micromoles/ C vitamin after 12 months compared to the baseline value of 1610±36.2, P<0.05) in the treated patients when compared to the control group. This data suggests that major ozonated autohaemotherapy may exert a role in reducing oxidative stress by endogenously stimulating the production of antioxidant molecules. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggests that major ozonated autohaemotherapy could be a safe and effective therapeutic option for high-risk patients with dry AMD, and that a series of such treatments could improve the natural course of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Borrelli
- Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Angelica Diadori
- Ophthalmological Ambulatory, Territorial Health Unit 7, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zalaffi
- Department of Ophthalmological and Neurological Sciences, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Velio Bocci
- Department of Physiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Oxygen concentration-dependent oxidative stress levels in rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:381763. [PMID: 22988483 PMCID: PMC3440952 DOI: 10.1155/2012/381763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. We determined derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs) as an index of oxidative stress level (oxidant capacity) and biochemical antioxidant potential (BAP) as an index of antioxidant capacity in rats exposed to different oxygen concentrations. Methods. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 14.4%, 20.9%, 35.5%, 39.8%, 62.5%, and 82.2% oxygen at 1 atmosphere absolute for 24 h. Serum levels of dROMs and BAP were examined by using a free radical and antioxidant potential determination device. The morphological characteristics of red blood cells were examined by phase contrast microscopy. Results. There were no differences in the levels of dROMs in rats exposed to 14.4%, 20.9%, and 35.5% oxygen. However, the levels of dROMs increased in the rats exposed to 39.8% and 62.5% oxygen. The levels of dROMs were the highest in the rats exposed to 82.2% oxygen. There were no differences in the levels of BAP with respect to the oxygen concentration. Morphological changes in the red blood cells induced by oxidative attack from reactive oxygen species were observed in the rats exposed to 39.8%, 62.5%, and 82.2% oxygen. Conclusion. Our results suggest that exposure to oxygen concentrations higher than 40% for 24 h induces excessive levels of oxidative stress in rats.
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Finotello R, Pasquini A, Meucci V, Lippi I, Rota A, Guidi G, Marchetti V. redox status evaluation in dogs affected by mast cell tumour. Vet Comp Oncol 2012; 12:120-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2012.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Finotello
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - A. Pasquini
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - V. Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - I. Lippi
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - A. Rota
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - G. Guidi
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - V. Marchetti
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
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Coenzyme Q metabolism is disturbed in high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:1644-1657. [PMID: 22408414 PMCID: PMC3291983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13021644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to be a major contributory factor in the development of non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disorder worldwide. In this study, the effects of high fat diet-induced NAFLD on Coenzyme Q (CoQ) metabolism and plasma oxidative stress markers in rats were investigated. Rats were fed a standard low fat diet (control) or a high fat diet (57% metabolizable energy as fat) for 18 weeks. The concentrations of total (reduced + oxidized) CoQ9 were increased by >2 fold in the plasma of animals fed the high fat diet, while those of total CoQ10 were unchanged. Reduced CoQ levels were raised, but oxidized CoQ levels were not, thus the proportion in the reduced form was increased by about 75%. A higher percentage of plasma CoQ9 as compared to CoQ10 was in the reduced form in both control and high fat fed rats. Plasma protein thiol (SH) levels were decreased in the high fat-fed rats as compared to the control group, but concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) conjugated dienes were unchanged. These results indicate that high fat diet-induced NAFLD in rats is associated with altered CoQ metabolism and increased protein, but not lipid, oxidative stress.
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Sex-related differences in association of oxidative stress status with coronary artery disease. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:414-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Vassalle C, Bianchi S, Battaglia D, Landi P, Bianchi F, Carpeggiani C. Elevated Levels of Oxidative Stress as a Prognostic Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Abstract
Using hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy as an in vivo oxidation model, we investigated the effect of a diet enriched in ascorbic acid (AA) on HBO-induced oxidative stress. Volunteers (n 46) were allocated to the AA-rich diet group or the control group. Blood samples were collected at the basal time, after the 1-week diet before and immediately after the HBO treatment, and 1 week after the HBO treatment. AA level, total antioxidant status (TAS), hydroperoxides (HP), lymphocyte DNA oxidation and DNA repair capacity were assessed. The expression of genes involved in oxidative stress was evaluated in lymphocytes and the protein activity of the modulated genes was determined in the plasma. The AA level and the antioxidant status of plasma were increased by AA-rich food consumption. HBO exposure did not affect the AA levels or TAS, but induced HP formation in the control group. The lymphocytes isolated from dietary-supplemented subjects were resistant to ex vivo DNA oxidation, showing an increased DNA repair capacity compared with controls. A difference in gene expression pattern was observed between the groups. AA-rich foods provide dual protection against oxidative stress, enhancing plasma antioxidant levels and stimulating genes involved in cell detoxification.
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Vassalle C, Novembrino C, Maffei S, Sciarrino R, De Giuseppe R, Vigna L, de Liso F, Mercuri A, Bamonti F. Determinants of oxidative stress related to gender: relevance of age and smoking habit. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1509-13. [PMID: 21679134 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnitude and major causes of oxidative stress may be different between sexes, although limitedly addressed in clinical studies with controversial results. The present study aimed to determine whether any gender-related difference exists concerning oxidative stress in a population of 332 subjects of both sexes, in a wide age range, with and without cigarette smoking habit. METHODS The Oxidative-INDEX was calculated after evaluation of serum hydroperoxides (ROMs) and total antioxidant capacity (OXY) by means of commercial kits (d-ROMs and Oxy-adsorbent Tests, Diacron, Italy) subtracting the OXY standardized variable from the ROMs standardized variable. RESULTS The Oxidative-INDEX resulted higher in women with respect to men (p<0.001), in smokers (p<0.01) than in non-smokers, and correlated with cigarette number (p<0.01), age (p<0.001), and post-menopausal status (p<0.001). The multivariate analysis identified age, high blood pressure, and smoking habit as factors independently associated with the Oxidative-INDEX in men, whereas cigarette smoking and age represented the independent risk factors for an elevated oxidative stress status in women. CONCLUSIONS Gender-based differences in oxidative stress levels may provide a biochemical basis for the epidemiologic differences in the disease susceptibility between sexes, and suggest different strategies for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment specifically targeted to men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana and Institute of Clinical Physiology-CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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Patel RS, Al Mheid I, Morris AA, Ahmed Y, Kavtaradze N, Ali S, Dabhadkar K, Brigham K, Hooper WC, Alexander RW, Jones DP, Quyyumi AA. Oxidative stress is associated with impaired arterial elasticity. Atherosclerosis 2011; 218:90-5. [PMID: 21605864 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Arterial stiffening may lead to hypertension, greater left ventricular after-load and adverse clinical outcomes. The underlying mechanisms influencing arterial elasticity may involve oxidative injury to the vessel wall. We sought to examine the relationship between novel markers of oxidative stress and arterial elastic properties in healthy humans. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 169 subjects (mean age 42.6 ± 14 years, 51.6% male) free of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Indices of arterial stiffness and wave reflections measured included carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV), Augmentation Index (Aix) and Pulse Pressure Amplification (PPA). Non-free radical oxidative stress was assessed as plasma oxidized and reduced amino-thiol levels (cysteine/cystine, glutathione/GSSG) and their ratios (redox potentials), and free radical oxidative stress as derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs). Inflammation was assessed as hsCRP and interleukin-6 levels. The non-free radical marker of oxidative stress, cystine was significantly correlated with all arterial indices; PWV (r=0.38, p<0.001), Aix (r=0.35, p<0.001) and PPA (r=-0.30, p<0.001). Its redox potential, was also associated with PWV (r=0.22, p=0.01), while the free radical marker of oxidative stress dROMS was associated with Aix (r=0.25, p<0.01). After multivariate adjustment for age, gender, arterial pressure, height, weight, heart rate and CRP, of these oxidative stress markers, only cystine remained independently associated with PWV (p=0.03), Aix (p=0.01) and PPA (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS In healthy subjects without confounding risk factors or significant systemic inflammation, a high cystine level, reflecting extracellular oxidant burden, is associated with increased arterial stiffness and wave reflections. This has implications for understanding the role of oxidant burden in pre-clinical vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyaz S Patel
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Vassalle C, Cicinelli E, Lello S, Mercuri A, Battaglia D, Maffei S. Effects of menopause and tibolone on different cardiovascular biomarkers in healthy women. Gynecol Endocrinol 2011; 27:163-9. [PMID: 20500110 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2010.488770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The effects of tibolone on cardiovascular risk is not yet fully understood today. We designed this study to assess the effect of the menopausal status and tibolone treatment (2.5 mg/day for 3 months) on different biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in healthy women. METHODS Blood arterial pressure were measured, and blood samples collected for glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, HDL, low density lipoproteins, and triglycerides), inflammatory (C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF alpha) and oxidative stress (hydroperoxides and antioxidant capacity) evaluation in 15 premenopausal (mean age: 30 +/- 4 years) and 15 postmenopausal (mean age: 52 +/- 3, mean time from menopause 1.4 +/- 0.4 years) women before and after tibolone treatment. RESULTS The menopausal status is associated with increased systolic and diastolic pressure (p<0.05), higher IL-6 (p<0.05) and TNF alpha (p<0.01), and lower antioxidants (p<0.01). However, blood pressure (p<0.05), glucose (p<0.05), TNF alpha (p<0.05) and HDL (p<0.05) fell after tibolone, which did not significantly affect levels of the other biochemical parameters. CONCLUSIONS As menopause is associated with increased blood pressure, inflammation and oxidative stress, tibolone restores blood pressure and has beneficial effect on inflammation and glycemia without worsening oxidative stress, although it also reduces HDL levels. Such modifications should be taken into account when tailoring menopausal therapies to specific requirements of each woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana and Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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Kim SW, Kim BJ, Youn SW, Park KC, Huh CH. Evaluation of free oxygen radical and antioxidant capacity in alopecia areata. J Dermatol 2010; 37:762-4. [PMID: 20649726 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tomasetti M, Strafella E, Staffolani S, Santarelli L, Neuzil J, Guerrieri R. alpha-Tocopheryl succinate promotes selective cell death induced by vitamin K3 in combination with ascorbate. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1224-34. [PMID: 20332775 PMCID: PMC2856000 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A strategy to reduce the secondary effects of anti-cancer agents is to potentiate the therapeutic effect by their combination. A combination of vitamin K3 (VK3) and ascorbic acid (AA) exhibited an anti-cancer synergistic effect, associated with extracellular production of H2O2 that promoted cell death. Methods: The redox-silent vitamin E analogue α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) was used in combination with VK3 and AA to evaluate their effect on prostate cancer cells. Results: Prostate cancer cells were sensitive to α-TOS and VK3 treatment, but resistant to AA upto 3.2 mM. When combined, a synergistic effect was found for VK3–AA, whereas α-TOS–VK3 and α-TOS–AA combination showed an antagonist and additive effect, respectively. However, sub-lethal doses of AA–VK3 combination combined with a sub-toxic dose of α-TOS showed to induce efficient cell death that resembles autoschizis. Associated with this cell demise, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, cytoskeleton alteration, lysosomal–mitochondrial perturbation, and release of cytochrome c without caspase activation were observed. Inhibition of lysosomal proteases did not attenuate cell death induced by the combined agents. Furthermore, cell deaths by apoptosis and autoschizis were detected. Conclusion: These finding support the emerging idea that synergistic combinations of some agents can overcome toxicity and other side-effects associated with high doses of single drugs creating the opportunity for therapeutically relevant selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomasetti
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Innovative Therapies, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Gletsu-Miller N, Hansen JM, Jones DP, Go YM, Torres WE, Ziegler TR, Lin E. Loss of total and visceral adipose tissue mass predicts decreases in oxidative stress after weight-loss surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17:439-46. [PMID: 19219062 PMCID: PMC2707845 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2008.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is not known whether there are mechanisms linking adipose tissue mass and increased oxidative stress in obesity. This study investigated associations between decreasing general and abdominal fat depots and oxidative stress during weight loss. Subjects were severely obese women who were measured serially at baseline and at 1, 6 (n = 30), and 24 months (n = 18) after bariatric surgery. Total fat mass (FAT) and volumes of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) were related to plasma concentrations of derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites (dROMS), a measure of lipid peroxides and oxidative stress. After intervention, BMI significantly decreased, from 47.7 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2) to 43.3 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2) (1 month), 35.2 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2) (6 months), and 30.2 +/- 1.2 kg/m(2) (24 months). Plasma dROMS also significantly deceased over time. At baseline, VAT (r = 0.46), FAT (r = 0.42), and BMI (r = 0.37) correlated with 6-month decreases in dROMS. Similarly, at 1 month, VAT (r = 0.43) and FAT (r = 0.41) correlated with 6-month decreases in dROMS. Multiple regression analysis showed that relationships between VAT and dROMS were significant after adjusting for FAT mass. Increased plasma dROMS at baseline were correlated with decreased concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at 1 and 6 months after surgery (r = -0.38 and -0.42). This study found longitudinal associations between general, and more specifically intra-abdominal adiposity, and systemic lipid peroxides, suggesting that adipose tissue mass contributes to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Gletsu-Miller
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Vassalle C, Pratali L, Boni C, Mercuri A, Ndreu R. An oxidative stress score as a combined measure of the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant counterparts in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Biochem 2008; 41:1162-7. [PMID: 18692492 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis. AIM To evaluate the relationship between a novel oxidative stress index (reflecting both oxidative and anti-oxidant counterparts) with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein (CRP) in coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS 100 angiographically proven CAD and 70 control subjects (mean age: 65+/-10 years, 110 males), underwent a global cardiovascular risk assessment and serum CRP and oxidative stress estimation. The Oxidative-INDEX was calculated after automated evaluation of serum hydroperoxides and total anti-oxidant capacity (D-ROM and OXY-adsorbent Test, Diacron, Italy) subtracting the OXY standardized variable from the ROM standardized variable. RESULTS The Oxidative-INDEX was higher in CAD with respect to control subjects (p < 0.001). A stepwise elevation in the Oxidative-INDEX levels was found depending on the number of affected vessels (p < 0.001). Oxidative stress was elevated according to the presence of diabetes (p < 0.001), smoking habit (p < 0.01), and hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.05). Oxidative-INDEX significantly correlated with aging (p < or = 0.05) and CRP (p < 0.001). The Oxidative-INDEX increased with the number of cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.001). After adjustment for traditional CV risk factors, the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated the Oxidative-INDEX concentration as an independent factor for CAD (odds ratio=1.4, confidence intervals=1.1-1.9, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oxidative stress represents a shared molecular pathway in atherosclerotic-related conditions, and its estimation by the automated Oxidative-INDEX could represent a valuable tool and a promising target in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of CAD in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Vassalle
- G. Monasterio Foundation and Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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Vassalle C. An easy and reliable automated method to estimate oxidative stress in the clinical setting. Methods Mol Biol 2008; 477:31-9. [PMID: 19082936 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-517-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the last few years, reliable and simple tests have been proposed to estimate oxidative stress in vivo. Many of them can be easily adapted to automated analyzers, permitting the simultaneous processing of a large number of samples in a greatly reduced time, avoiding manual sample and reagent handling, and reducing variability sources. In this chapter, description of protocols for the estimation of reactive oxygen metabolites and the antioxidant capacity (respectively the d-ROMs and OXY Adsorbent Test, Diacron, Grosseto, Italy) by using the clinical chemistry analyzer SYNCHRON, CX 9 PRO (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) is reported as an example of such an automated procedure that can be applied in the clinical setting. Furthermore, a calculation to compute a global oxidative stress index (Oxidative-INDEX), reflecting both oxidative and antioxidant counterparts, and, therefore, a potentially more powerful parameter, is also described.
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Pasquini A, Luchetti E, Marchetti V, Cardini G, Iorio EL. Analytical performances of d-ROMs test and BAP test in canine plasma. Definition of the normal range in healthy Labrador dogs. Vet Res Commun 2007; 32:137-43. [PMID: 17846911 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-9014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An high level of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), due to an increased production of oxidant species and/or a decreased efficacy of antioxidant system, can lead to oxidative stress, an emerging health risk factor involved in the aging and in many diseases, including inflammatory, infectious and degenerative disorders, either in humans or in animals. In the last years some assays panels have been developed to globally evaluate the oxidative balance by means of the concomitant assessment of ROS production and antioxidant system capability. In this report, the validation trials of d-ROMs (Reactive Oxygen Metabolites- derived compounds) and BAP (Biological Antioxidant Potential) tests in canine specie are described and also the specific referral ranges are calculated in a Labrador population. The results of linearity, precision and accuracy trials show that both tests exhibit good to excellent analytical performances. The possibility of measuring oxidative stress in vivo with simple, cheap and accurate tests, d-ROMs test and BAP test, provides for the veterinarians a very suitable tool to monitor oxidative stress and to correctly choice of eventual antioxidant supplementations in diseases proven related to oxidative stress in animals and particularly in dogs. Further studies will be useful to confirm this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pasquini
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, University of Pisa, V.le delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Vassalle C, Maffei S, Boni C, Zucchelli GC. Gender-related differences in oxidative stress levels among elderly patients with coronary artery disease. Fertil Steril 2007; 89:608-13. [PMID: 17548077 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether gender-related differences exist concerning oxidative stress levels in aged patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN Case-control. SETTING Clinical and research center. PATIENT(S) Elderly subjects of both genders with or without CAD. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum hydroperoxides (HP) as index of oxidative stress levels. RESULT(S) The HP levels were comparable in aged control subjects of both genders (376 +/- 20 arbitrary units [AU] in women, 333 +/- 19 AU in men) but significantly increased in CAD (456 +/- 15 AU) compared with all control subjects (357 +/- 14 AU). Moreover, among CAD patients, the HP levels were higher in women than in men (536 +/- 33 AU and 428 +/- 15 AU, respectively). Multivariate analysis, in which CAD represented the dependent variable, indicated that dyslipidemia was independently associated with CAD in men (odds ratio [OR] 5.8), whereas HP >50th percentile represented the only strong independent risk factor for CAD in elderly women (OR 8.4). CONCLUSION(S) Differences in oxidative stress levels between elderly males and females might provide a biochemical basis for the epidemiologic differences in CAD, which might help to open new opportunities in the management of patients with cardiovascular disease from a gender point of view.
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Palleschi S, De Angelis S, Diana L, Rossi B, Papa V, Severini G, Splendiani G. Reliability of oxidative stress biomarkers in hemodialysis patients: a comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 45:1211-8. [PMID: 17635073 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is considered to play a major role in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) complications. However, conflicting and inconsistent data have been reported on OS in ESRD patients. Our aim was to investigate the reliability of the most popular non-enzymatic plasma OS biomarkers in ESRD. METHODS Vitamins A (VitA), E and C (VitC), uric acid, plasma antioxidant and ferric-reducing potential (PAP and PRP), thiols (SH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxides (HPO) were determined before and after dialysis in plasma from 33 ESRD patients on hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration or peritoneal dialysis and 20 control subjects. RESULTS In ESRD patients, high PRP and normal PAP values were positively correlated with VitC levels. After dialysis, PRP levels decreased, while unchanged PAP levels correlated positively with high VitA and transiently recovered SH values. All patients showed high levels of both MDA and cholesterol-normalized HPO. However, while the former significantly decreased after dialysis, the latter were unaffected by treatment. Paradoxical correlations of MDA with both VitA and HPO were found. CONCLUSIONS Plasma PRP and MDA levels may be dramatically affected by both uremia and dialysis; their use in ESRD patients may therefore lead to OS misevaluation and should be avoided. More reliable results can be obtained using physiologically relevant OS functional tests, such as PAP, and early biomarkers of OS damage, such as SH and HPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Palleschi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Vassalle C, Landi P, Boni C, Zucchelli G. Oxidative stress evaluated using an automated method for hydroperoxide estimation in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007; 45:367-71. [PMID: 17378734 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2007.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the pathogenesis of different chronic and degenerative diseases, including atherosclerosis. However, the lack of feasible and reliable methods limits the spread of oxidative stress estimation for routine application in clinical chemistry laboratories. We have recently evaluated the analytical characteristics of an automated test for the measurement of hydroperoxides (HPs) and its performance in determining oxidative stress levels in a general population. In this study we applied this method for the evaluation of oxidative stress in a cohort of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A total of 69 patients with angiographically verified CAD and 34 age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. RESULTS HPs were higher in patients with CAD (p<0.01), significantly increasing with disease severity (p<0.01). HPs were also higher in subjects with diabetes, dyslipidemia or C-reactive protein >1.5mg/L. A significant positive correlation was observed between glucose and HP levels. In a multivariate model, diabetes (odds ratio OR=3.5, 95% CI 1.2-10, p<0.05) and CAD (OR=5.7, CI 1.1-28.5, p<0.05) were independent determinants for the 75th HP percentile. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained with this method largely reproduce those found using other oxidative stress biomarkers, but the method is faster, easy to perform and does not require skilled operators or complex instrumentation, and thus is a reliable procedure that might represent a feasible tool for oxidative stress estimation in the cardiovascular setting.
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