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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Venter P, Ramharack P, Muller CJF. Pancreatic beta cell regenerative potential of Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. Aqueous stem bark extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117374. [PMID: 37944876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. is endemic to Africa and has been used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus. Moreover, its pharmacological efficacy has been confirmed experimentally using in vitro and in vivo models of diabetes. However, the effects of Z. chalybeum extracts and its major constituent compounds on beta cell and islet regeneration are not clear. Further, the mechanisms associated with observed antidiabetic effects at the beta cell level are not fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY We determined the beta cell regenerative efficacy of Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extract, identified the chemical compounds in Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extracts and explored their putative mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical profiling of the Z. chalybeum extract was achieved using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Thereafter, molecular interactions of the compounds with beta cell regeneration targets were evaluated via molecular docking. In vitro, effects of the extract on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress were investigated in RIN-5F beta cells exposed to palmitate or streptozotocin. In vivo, pancreas tissue sections from streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats treated with Z. chalybeum extract were stained for insulin, glucagon, pancreatic duodenal homeobox protein 1 (Pdx-1) and Ki-67. RESULTS Based on ligand target and molecular docking interactions diosmin was identified as a dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) inhibitor. In vitro, Z. chalybeum augmented cell viability and cell proliferation while in palmitate-pre-treated cells, the extract significantly increased cell activity after 72 h. In vivo, although morphometric analysis showed decreased islet and beta cell size and density, observation of increased Pdx-1 and Ki-67 immunoreactivity in extract-treated islets suggests that Z. chalybeum extract has mild beta cell regenerative potential mediated by increased cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the mitogenic effects observed in vitro, were not robust enough to elicit sufficient recovery of functional beta cell mass in our in vivo model, in the context of a sustained diabetic milieu. However, the identification of diosmin as a potential Dyrk1A inhibitor merits further inquiry into the attendant molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Institute of Primate Research, PO Box 24481, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, PO Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Pieter Venter
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Christo John Frederick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Iftikhar A, Nausheen R, Khurshid M, Iqbal RK, Muzaffar H, Malik A, Ali Khan A, Batool F, Akhtar S, Yasin A, Anwar H. Pancreatic regenerative potential of manuka honey evidenced through pancreatic histology and levels of transcription factors in diabetic rat model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20017. [PMID: 37809953 PMCID: PMC10559747 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a commonly occurring metabolic disorder accompanied by high morbidity and alarming mortality. Besides various available therapies, induction of pancreatic regeneration has emerged as a promising strategy for alleviating the damaging effect of diabetes. Honey, a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agent, has been reported in the literature archive to exhibit favourable results in the regeneration process of several organ systems. Design The current research work was intended to explore the potential role of manuka honey in pancreatic regeneration in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by accessing the pancreatic histology and levels of relevant transcription factors, including MAFA, PDX-1, INS-1, INS-2, NEUROG3, NKX6-1, and NEUROD. An equal number of rats were allocated to all four experimental groups: normal, negative control, positive control, and treatment group. Diabetes was induced in all groups except normal through a single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan monohydrate. No subsequent treatment was given to the negative control group, while the positive control and treatment groups were supplemented with metformin (150 mg/kg/day) and manuka honey (3 g/kg/day), respectively. Results Statistical comparison of glucose and insulin levels, oxidative stress indicators, changes in the architecture of pancreatic islets, and expression levels of regeneration-associated transcription factors advocated the potential role of manuka honey in ameliorating the alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, and necrotic changes in islets along with significant upregulation of relevant transcription factors. Conclusion This suggests to us the auspicious role of antioxidants in honey in pancreatic regeneration and advocates the favourable role of manuka honey in combating diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Iftikhar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Nausheen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Khalid Iqbal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farwah Batool
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, USA
| | - Ayesha Yasin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Muller CJF. Regeneration of Pancreatic Beta Cells by Modulation of Molecular Targets Using Plant-Derived Compounds: Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6216-6245. [PMID: 37623211 PMCID: PMC10453321 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, increased cell death and loss of beta-cell mass despite chronic treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in developing beta cell-centered therapies. Beta-cell regeneration is mediated by augmented beta-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation of other islet cell types to functional beta-like cells or the reprograming of beta-cell progenitors into fully differentiated beta cells. This mediation is orchestrated by beta-cell differentiation transcription factors and the regulation of the cell cycle machinery. This review investigates the beta-cell regenerative potential of antidiabetic plant extracts and phytochemicals. Various preclinical studies, including in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, are highlighted. Further, the potential regenerative mechanisms and the intra and extracellular mediators that are of significance are discussed. Also, the potential of phytochemicals to translate into regenerative therapies for T2D patients is highlighted, and some suggestions regarding future perspectives are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christo John Fredrick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
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Neupane YR, Handral HK, Alkaff SA, Chng WH, Venkatesan G, Huang C, Lee CK, Wang JW, Sriram G, Dienzo RA, Lu WF, Ali Y, Czarny B, Pastorin G. Cell-derived nanovesicles from mesenchymal stem cells as extracellular vesicle-mimetics in wound healing. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1887-1902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mortlock RD, Georgia SK, Finley SD. Dynamic Regulation of JAK-STAT Signaling Through the Prolactin Receptor Predicted by Computational Modeling. Cell Mol Bioeng 2020; 14:15-30. [PMID: 33633812 PMCID: PMC7878662 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-020-00647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The expansion of insulin-producing beta cells during pregnancy is critical to maintain glucose homeostasis in the face of increasing insulin resistance. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) signaling is one of the primary mediators of beta cell expansion during pregnancy, and loss of PRLR signaling results in reduced beta cell mass and gestational diabetes. Harnessing the proliferative potential of prolactin signaling to expand beta cell mass outside of the context of pregnancy requires quantitative understanding of the signaling at the molecular level. Methods A mechanistic computational model was constructed to describe prolactin-mediated JAK-STAT signaling in pancreatic beta cells. The effect of different regulatory modules was explored through ensemble modeling. A Bayesian approach for likelihood estimation was used to fit the model to experimental data from the literature. Results Including receptor upregulation, with either inhibition by SOCS proteins, receptor internalization, or both, allowed the model to match experimental results for INS-1 cells treated with prolactin. The model predicts that faster dimerization and nuclear import rates of STAT5B compared to STAT5A can explain the higher STAT5B nuclear translocation. The model was used to predict the dose response of STAT5B translocation in rat primary beta cells treated with prolactin and reveal possible strategies to modulate STAT5 signaling. Conclusions JAK-STAT signaling must be tightly controlled to obtain the biphasic response in STAT5 activation seen experimentally. Receptor up-regulation, combined with SOCS inhibition, receptor internalization, or both is required to match experimental data. Modulating reactions upstream in the signaling can enhance STAT5 activation to increase beta cell survival. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12195-020-00647-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryland D Mortlock
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Senta K Georgia
- Departments of Pediatrics and Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Stacey D Finley
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Wang Q, Ren L, Wan Y, Prud'homme GJ. GABAergic regulation of pancreatic islet cells: Physiology and antidiabetic effects. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14432-14444. [PMID: 30693506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes occurs when pancreatic β-cell death exceeds β-cell growth, which leads to loss of β-cell mass. An effective therapy must have two actions: promotion of β-cell replication and suppression of β-cell death. Previous studies have established an important role for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in islet-cell hormone homeostasis, as well as the maintenance of the β-cell mass. GABA exerts paracrine actions on α cells in suppressing glucagon secretion, and it has autocrine actions on β cells that increase insulin secretion. Multiple studies have shown that GABA increases the mitotic rate of β cells. In mice, following β-cell depletion with streptozotocin, GABA therapy can restore the β-cell mass. Enhanced β-cell replication appears to depend on growth and survival pathways involving Akt activation. Some studies have also suggested that it induces transdifferentiation of α cells into β cells, but this has been disputed and requires further investigation. In addition to proliferative effects, GABA protects β cells against injury and markedly reduces their apoptosis under a variety of conditions. The antiapoptotic effects depend at least in part on the enhancement of sirtuin-1 and Klotho activity, which both inhibit activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. Importantly, in xenotransplanted human islets, GABA therapy stimulates β-cell replication and insulin secretion. Thus, the intraislet GABAergic system is a target for the amelioration of diabetes therapy, including β-cell survival and regeneration. GABA (or GABAergic drugs) can be combined with other antidiabetic drugs for greater effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liwei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gerald J Prud'homme
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Argun-Kurum G, Kaya-Dagistanli F, Ozturk M. DPP4 inhibitor induces beta cell regeneration and DDR-1 protein expression as an endocrine progenitor cell marker in neonatal STZ-diabetic rats. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:721-731. [PMID: 31207434 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to investigate the effects of dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor (Vildagliptin-VG) on DDR-1 as a marker for endocrine progenitor cells, β-cell regeneration, and apoptosis in neonatal streptozotocin (n2-STZ) diabetics. METHODS Neonatal rats were divided into two main groups as short- and long-term treatment, each consisted of four groups; (1) Control, (2) n2-STZ diabetic (single dose of 100 mg/kg STZ at 2nd day of birth), (3) n2-STZ + VG (60 mg/kg/day VG orally; for 8 and 28 days), (4) VG (60 mg/kg/day orally; for 8 and 28 days). Blood glucose levels and body weights were measured, and the tissue sections were immunostained using insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, PCNA, Pdx-1 and DDR-1 antibodies. The TUNEL method was used for apoptosis. RESULTS The number of β cells in islets of the n2-STZ + VG group increased compared to the n2-STZ group; insulin (+) cells were observed individually or as small clusters in exocrine tissue, between pancreatic duct epithelial cells, and around the ducts. The number of Pdx-1 and DDR-1 positive cells in islet and extra-islet pancreas tissue was elevated as a result of VG application compared to the STZ diabetic group; the number of double positive cells for DDR-1 and insulin increased in n2-STZ + VG rats. CONCLUSION We showed that vildagliptin promotes β cell neogenesis and regeneration, stimulates DDR-1 expression as an endocrine cell progenitor marker, suppresses apoptosis, induces islet cell proliferation and rearranges islet morphology in the n2-STZ diabetes model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Argun-Kurum
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kaya-Dagistanli
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Ozturk
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kuljanin M, Elgamal RM, Bell GI, Xenocostas A, Lajoie GA, Hess DA. Human Multipotent Stromal Cell Secreted Effectors Accelerate Islet Regeneration. Stem Cells 2019; 37:516-528. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miljan Kuljanin
- Don Rix Protein Identification Facility, Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories; Robarts Research Institute; London Ontario Canada
| | - Ruth M. Elgamal
- Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories; Robarts Research Institute; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Gillian I. Bell
- Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories; Robarts Research Institute; London Ontario Canada
| | - Anargyros Xenocostas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Gilles A. Lajoie
- Don Rix Protein Identification Facility, Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - David A. Hess
- Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories; Robarts Research Institute; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
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Krivova YS, Proshchina AE, Barabanov VM, Barinova IV, Saveliev SV. Immunohistochemical detection of vimentin in pancreatic islet β- and α-cells of macrosomic infants of diabetic and nondiabetic mothers. Early Hum Dev 2018; 117:44-49. [PMID: 29275072 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of the intermediate filament protein vimentin has been recently observed in the pancreatic islet β- and α-cells of humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was suggested that the presence of vimentin in endocrine cells may indicate islet tissue renewal, or potentially represent the dedifferentiation of endocrine cells, which could contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes or islet cell dysfunction. AIM To analyze the expression of vimentin in pancreatic β- and α-cells of macrosomic infants of diabetic and nondiabetic mothers. SUBJECTS Pancreatic samples of five macrosomic infants (gestational age 34-40weeks) from three diabetic and two nondiabetic mothers were compared to six control infants (32-40weeks, weight appropriate for gestational age) from normoglycemic mothers. METHODS Pancreatic autopsy samples were examined by double immunofluorescent labeling with antibodies against vimentin and either insulin or glucagon. Alterations in the endocrine pancreas were measured using morphometric methods, then data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS In the pancreatic islets of macrosomic infants from diabetic and nondiabetic mothers, we observed vimentin-positive cells, some of which simultaneously contained insulin or glucagon. We also quantitatively showed that the presence of such cells was associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the islets, and with an increase in β- and α-cell density. CONCLUSIONS We speculate that the appearance of vimentin-positive islet cells may reflect induction of differentiation in response to the increased insulin demand, and vimentin may serve as an early marker of endocrine pancreas disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya S Krivova
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupy St., Moscow 117418, Russia.
| | - Alexandra E Proshchina
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupy St., Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Valeriy M Barabanov
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupy St., Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Irina V Barinova
- Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, 22a Pokrovka St., Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - Sergey V Saveliev
- Laboratory of Nervous System Development, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupy St., Moscow 117418, Russia
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Kim TH, Jung Y, Kim SH. Nanofibrous Electrospun Heart Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Based Hybrid Scaffold as Wound Dressing for Reducing Scarring in Wound Healing. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:830-848. [PMID: 29048241 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Produced through electrospinning, poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) membranes, which have a porous structure and are biodegradable, are of interest in various medical fields. The porous-structured electrospun membrane is particularly interesting because of several favorable properties as follows: it exudes fluid from the wound, does not build up under the wound covering, and does not cause wound desiccation. Moreover, extracellular matrix (ECM)-based structures derived by tissue decellularization have application as engineered tissue scaffolds and as supports for cellular regeneration. In particular, heart decellularized ECM (hdECM) has various pro-angiogenic factors that can induce angiogenesis for wound healing. In this regard, a nanofibrous electrospun hdECM-based hybrid scaffold (NEhdHS), which is a PLCL membrane, including hdECM as an active agent, was tested as a wound dressing to assess its fundamental biochemical and physical features in wound healing. Use of NEhdHS with its porous structure and pro-angiogenic factors is expected to provide an effective wound dressing and reduced scarring. We first demonstrate the effectiveness of a proposed decellularization protocol through analysis of dECM components and describe the mechanical properties of the fabricated NEhdHS. Next, we present an in vitro angiogenesis analysis of the NEhdHS, using a coculture system with human dermal fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells; the results of which confirm its biocompatibility and show that the NEhdHS can significantly enhance angiogenesis over that obtained from PLCL or gelatin-containing PLCL scaffolds. We also studied the effectiveness of the NEhdHS in vivo. Using a rat excisional wound-splinting model, we show that covering the upper part of the wound with NEhdHS significantly reduces scarring in the wound healing process compared to that with PLCL or gelatin-containing PLCL scaffolds. Based upon its properties, we conclude that the NEhdHS has potential for application in wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hee Kim
- 1 Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- 1 Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- 1 Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Donadel G, Pastore D, Della-Morte D, Capuani B, Lombardo MF, Pacifici F, Bugliani M, Grieco FA, Marchetti P, Lauro D. FGF-2b and h-PL Transform Duct and Non-Endocrine Human Pancreatic Cells into Endocrine Insulin Secreting Cells by Modulating Differentiating Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112234. [PMID: 29068419 PMCID: PMC5713204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial disease orphan of a cure. Regenerative medicine has been proposed as novel strategy for DM therapy. Human fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2b controls β-cell clusters via autocrine action, and human placental lactogen (hPL)-A increases functional β-cells. We hypothesized whether FGF-2b/hPL-A treatment induces β-cell differentiation from ductal/non-endocrine precursor(s) by modulating specific genes expression. Methods: Human pancreatic ductal-cells (PANC-1) and non-endocrine pancreatic cells were treated with FGF-2b plus hPL-A at 500 ng/mL. Cytofluorimetry and Immunofluorescence have been performed to detect expression of endocrine, ductal and acinar markers. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and annexin-V quantified cells proliferation and apoptosis. Insulin secretion was assessed by RIA kit, and electron microscopy analyzed islet-like clusters. Results: Increase in PANC-1 duct cells de-differentiation into islet-like aggregates was observed after FGF-2b/hPL-A treatment showing ultrastructure typical of islets-aggregates. These clusters, after stimulation with FGF-2b/hPL-A, had significant (p < 0.05) increase in insulin, C-peptide, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1), Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, somatostatin, glucagon, and glucose transporter 2 (Glut-2), compared with control cells. Markers of PANC-1 (Cytokeratin-19, MUC-1, CA19-9) were decreased (p < 0.05). These aggregates after treatment with FGF-2b/hPL-A significantly reduced levels of apoptosis. Conclusions: FGF-2b and hPL-A are promising candidates for regenerative therapy in DM by inducing de-differentiation of stem cells modulating pivotal endocrine genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Donadel
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Pastore
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara Capuani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco F Lombardo
- Agenzia regionale per la protezione ambientale (ARPA) Lazio, Sezione di Roma, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.) Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabio A Grieco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.) Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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12
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Vong CT, Tseng HHL, Kwan YW, Lee SMY, Hoi MPM. Antrodia camphorata Increases Insulin Secretion and Protects from Apoptosis in MIN6 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:67. [PMID: 27047382 PMCID: PMC4800184 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata is a Taiwanese-specific fungus which has been used clinically to treat hypertension, immune- and liver-related diseases and cancer; however, it has never been studied in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hyperglycemia in T2DM causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to β-cell dysfunction. During chronic ER stress, misfolded proteins accumulate and initiate β-cell apoptosis. Moreover, β-cell dysfunction leads to defect in insulin secretion, which is the key process in the development and progression of T2DM. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of A. camphorata on insulin secretion and ER stress-induced apoptosis in a mouse β-cell line, MIN6, and their underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of A. camphorata increased glucose-induced insulin secretion dose-dependently through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) pathway, and upregulated genes that were involved in insulin secretion, including PPAR-γ, glucose transporter-2 and glucokinase. Furthermore, A. camphorata slightly increased cell proliferation, as well as protected from ER stress-induced apoptosis in MIN6 cells. In conclusion, this study provided evidences that A. camphorata might have anti-diabetic effects and could be a novel drug for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau, China
| | - Hisa Hui Ling Tseng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau, China
| | - Yiu Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau, China
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Macau, China
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13
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de Vos P, Smink AM, Paredes G, Lakey JRT, Kuipers J, Giepmans BNG, de Haan BJ, Faas MM. Enzymes for Pancreatic Islet Isolation Impact Chemokine-Production and Polarization of Insulin-Producing β-Cells with Reduced Functional Survival of Immunoisolated Rat Islet-Allografts as a Consequence. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147992. [PMID: 26824526 PMCID: PMC4732769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether normal variations in enzyme-activities of collagenases applied for rat-islet isolation impact longevity of encapsulated islet grafts. Also we studied the functional and immunological properties of rat islets isolated with different enzyme preparations to determine whether this impacts these parameters. Rat-islets were isolated from the pancreas with two different collagenases with commonly accepted collagenase, neutral protease, and clostripain activities. Islets had a similar and acceptable glucose-induced insulin-release profile but a profound statistical significant difference in production of the chemokines IP-10 and Gro-α. The islets were studied with nanotomy which is an EM-based technology for unbiased study of ultrastructural features of islets such as cell-cell contacts, endocrine-cell condition, ER stress, mitochondrial conditions, and cell polarization. The islet-batch with higher chemokine-production had a lower amount of polarized insulin-producing β-cells. All islets had more intercellular spaces and less interconnected areas with tight cell-cell junctions when compared to islets in the pancreas. Islet-graft function was studied by implanting encapsulated and free islet grafts in rat recipients. Alginate-based encapsulated grafts isolated with the enzyme-lot inducing higher chemokine production and lower polarization survived for a two-fold shorter period of time. The lower survival-time of the encapsulated grafts was correlated with a higher influx of inflammatory cells at 7 days after implantation. Islets from the same two batches transplanted as free unencapsulated-graft, did not show any difference in survival or function in vivo. Lack of insight in factors contributing to the current lab-to-lab variation in longevity of encapsulated islet-grafts is considered to be a threat for clinical application. Our data suggest that seemingly minor variations in activity of enzymes applied for islet-isolation might contribute to longevity-variations of immunoisolated islet-grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandra M. Smink
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Genaro Paredes
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R. T. Lakey
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, United States of America
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P. O. Box 196, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N. G. Giepmans
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P. O. Box 196, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J. de Haan
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M. Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, department of Pathology and Medical biology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Abu-Farha M, Al Madhoun A, Abubaker J. The Rise and the Fall of Betatrophin/ANGPTL8 as an Inducer of β-Cell Proliferation. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:4860595. [PMID: 27672665 PMCID: PMC5031879 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4860595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global health problem that is caused by impaired insulin production from pancreatic β-cells. Efforts to regenerate β-cells have been advancing rapidly in the past two decades with progress made towards identifying new agents that induce β-cells regeneration. ANGPTL8, also named betatrophin, has been recently identified as a hormone capable of inducing β-cells proliferation and increasing β-cells mass in rodents. Its discovery has been cherished as a breakthrough and a game changer in the field of β-cells regeneration. Initially, ANGPTL8 has been identified as atypical member of the angiopoietin-like protein family as a regulator of triglyceride in plasma through its interaction with ANGPTL3 and its regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity. In this review, we will review literature on the proposed role of ANGPTL8 in β-cells proliferation, the controversy regarding this role, and the emerging data questioning its involvement in β-cells proliferation. Additionally we will discuss new clinical data that describes its role in diabetes and the putative therapeutic targeting of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Mohamed Abu-Farha: and
| | | | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Jehad Abubaker:
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15
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Xu L, Yang F, Wang J, Huang H, Huang Y. Anti-diabetic effect mediated by Ramulus mori polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 117:63-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Xue M, Jackson CJ. Extracellular Matrix Reorganization During Wound Healing and Its Impact on Abnormal Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:119-136. [PMID: 25785236 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2013.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 785] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: When a cutaneous injury occurs, the wound heals via a dynamic series of physiological events, including coagulation, granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The final stage can take many months, yet the new ECM forms a scar that never achieves the flexibility or strength of the original tissue. In certain circumstances, the normal scar is replaced by pathological fibrotic tissue, which results in hypertrophic or keloid scars. These scars cause significant morbidity through physical dysfunction and psychological stress. Recent Advances and Critical Issues: The cutaneous ECM comprises a complex assortment of proteins that was traditionally thought to simply provide structural integrity and scaffolding characteristics. However, recent findings show that the ECM has multiple functions, including, storage and delivery of growth factors and cytokines, tissue repair and various physiological functions. Abnormal ECM reconstruction during wound healing contributes to the formation of hypertrophic and keloid scars. Whereas adult wounds heal with scarring, the developing foetus has the ability to heal wounds in a scarless fashion by regenerating skin and restoring the normal ECM architecture, strength, and function. Recent studies show that the lack of inflammation in fetal wounds contributes to this perfect healing. Future Directions: Better understanding of the exact roles of ECM components in scarring will allow us to produce therapeutic agents to prevent hypertrophic and keloid scars. This review will focus on the components of the ECM and their role in both physiological and pathological (hypertrophic and keloid) cutaneous scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilang Xue
- Sutton Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Jackson
- Sutton Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Australia
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17
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Handorf AM, Sollinger HW, Alam T. Genetic Engineering of Surrogate <i>β</i> Cells for Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/jdm.2015.54037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Antihyperglycaemic, antihyperlipidaemic and β cell regenerative effects of Spondias pinnata (Linn. f.) Kurz. bark extract on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eur J Integr Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Bouckenooghe T, Lefebvre B. When the skeleton is controlling pancreatic β-cell mass during development and after. Diabetes 2014; 63:838-40. [PMID: 24556862 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bouckenooghe
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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20
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Xue M, Jackson CJ. Activated protein C and its potential applications in prevention of islet β-cell damage and diabetes. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2014; 95:323-63. [PMID: 24559924 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800174-5.00013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activated protein C (APC) is derived from its precursor, protein C (PC). Originally thought to be synthesized exclusively by the liver, recent reports have shown that PC is also produced by many other cells including pancreatic islet β cells. APC functions as a physiological anticoagulant with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and barrier-stabilizing properties. APC exerts its protective effects via an intriguing mechanism requiring combinations of endothelial PC receptor, protease-activated receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor, Tie2 or CD11b, depending on cell types. Diabetes is a chronic condition resulted from the body's inability to produce and/or properly use insulin. The prevalence of diabetes has risen dramatically and has become one of the major causes of premature mortality and morbidity worldwide. Diabetes prevention is an ideal approach to reduce this burden. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the major forms of diabetes mellitus, and both are characterized by an autoimmune response, intraislet inflammation, β-cell apoptosis, and progressive β-cell loss. Protecting β-cell from damage is critical in both prevention and treatment of diabetes. Recent in vitro and animal studies show that APC's strong anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties are beneficial in preventing β-cell destruction and diabetes in the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Future preventive and therapeutic uses of APC in diabetes look very promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Jackson
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Iskovich S, Goldenberg-Cohen N, Sadikov T, Yaniv I, Stein J, Askenasy N. Two distinct mechanisms mediate the involvement of bone marrow cells in islet remodeling: neogenesis of insulin-producing cells and support of islet recovery. Cell Transplant 2013; 24:879-90. [PMID: 24380400 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x676899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported that small-sized bone marrow cells (BMCs) isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation and depleted of lineage markers (Fr25lin(-)) have the capacity to differentiate and contribute to regeneration of injured islets. In this study, we assess some of the characteristics of these cells compared to elutriated hematopoietic progenitors (R/O) and whole BMCs in a murine model of streptozotocin-induced chemical diabetes. The GFP(bright)CD45(+) progeny of whole BMCs and R/O progenitors progressively infiltrate the pancreas with evolution of donor chimerism; are found at islet perimeter, vascular, and ductal walls; and have a modest impact on islet recovery from injury. In contrast, Fr25lin(-) cells incorporate in the islets, convert to GFP(dim)CD45(-)PDX-1(+) phenotypes, produce proinsulin, and secrete insulin with significant contribution to stabilization of glucose homeostasis. The elutriated Fr25lin(-) cells express low levels of CD45 and are negative for SCA-1 and c-kit, as removal of cells expressing these markers did not impair conversion to produce insulin. BMCs mediate two synergistic mechanisms that contribute to islet recovery from injury: support of islet remodeling by hematopoietic cells and neogenesis of insulin-producing cells from stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Iskovich
- Frankel Laboratory, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
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22
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Lanzoni G, Oikawa T, Wang Y, Cui CB, Carpino G, Cardinale V, Gerber D, Gabriel M, Dominguez-Bendala J, Furth ME, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Inverardi L, Reid LM. Concise review: clinical programs of stem cell therapies for liver and pancreas. Stem Cells 2013; 31:2047-60. [PMID: 23873634 PMCID: PMC3812254 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is transitioning into clinical programs using stem/progenitor cell therapies for repair of damaged organs. We summarize those for liver and pancreas, organs that share endodermal stem cell populations, biliary tree stem cells (hBTSCs), located in peribiliary glands. They are precursors to hepatic stem/progenitors in canals of Hering and to committed progenitors in pancreatic duct glands. They give rise to maturational lineages along a radial axis within bile duct walls and a proximal-to-distal axis starting at the duodenum and ending with mature cells in the liver or pancreas. Clinical trials have been ongoing for years assessing effects of determined stem cells (fetal-liver-derived hepatic stem/progenitors) transplanted into the hepatic artery of patients with various liver diseases. Immunosuppression was not required. Control subjects, those given standard of care for a given condition, all died within a year or deteriorated in their liver functions. Subjects transplanted with 100-150 million hepatic stem/progenitor cells had improved liver functions and survival extending for several years. Full evaluations of safety and efficacy of transplants are still in progress. Determined stem cell therapies for diabetes using hBTSCs remain to be explored but are likely to occur following ongoing preclinical studies. In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are being used for patients with chronic liver conditions or with diabetes. MSCs have demonstrated significant effects through paracrine signaling of trophic and immunomodulatory factors, and there is limited evidence for inefficient lineage restriction into mature parenchymal or islet cells. HSCs' effects are primarily via modulation of immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yunfang Wang
- The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, PR China, 100850
| | - Cai-Bin Cui
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome “ForoItalico”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - David Gerber
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Mara Gabriel
- MGabriel Consulting, 3621 Sweeten Creek Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Juan Dominguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
| | - Mark E. Furth
- Wake Forest Innovations, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Inverardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. 33136
| | - Lola M. Reid
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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23
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β-cell proliferation is associated with increased A-type γ-aminobutyric acid receptor expression in pancreatectomized mice. Pancreas 2013; 42:545-8. [PMID: 23486367 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318267c598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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25
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Ricordi C, Inverardi L, Domínguez-Bendala J. From cellular therapies to tissue reprogramming and regenerative strategies in the treatment of diabetes. Regen Med 2012; 7:41-8. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.12.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus represents a global epidemic affecting over 350 million patients worldwide and projected by the WHO to surpass the 500 million patient mark within the next two decades. Besides Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, the study of the endocrine compartment of the pancreas is of great translational interest, as strategies aimed at restoring its mass could become therapies for glycemic dysregulation, drug-related diabetes following diabetogenic therapies, or hyperglycemic disturbances following the treatment of cancer and nesidioblastosis. Such strategies generally fall under one of the ‘three Rs’: replacement (islet transplantation and stem cell differentiation); reprogramming (e.g., from the exocrine compartment of the pancreas); and regeneration (replication and induction of endogenous stem cells). As the latter has been extensively reviewed in recent months by us and others, this article focuses on emerging reprogramming and replacement approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Ricordi
- University of Miami Cell Transplant Center and Diabetes Research Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Luca Inverardi
- University of Miami Cell Transplant Center and Diabetes Research Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan Domínguez-Bendala
- University of Miami Cell Transplant Center and Diabetes Research Institute, Miami, FL, USA
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26
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Characterization of myelomonocytoid progenitor cells with mesenchymal differentiation potential obtained by outgrowth from pancreas explants. BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2012:429868. [PMID: 22953065 PMCID: PMC3431127 DOI: 10.1155/2012/429868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Progenitor cells can be obtained by outgrowth from tissue explants during primary ex vivo tissue culture. We have isolated and characterized cells outgrown from neonatal mouse pancreatic explants. A relatively uniform population of cells showing a distinctive morphology emerged over time in culture. This population expressed monocyte/macrophage and hematopoietic markers (CD11b(+) and CD45(+)), and some stromal-related markers (CD44(+) and CD29(+)), but not mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-defining markers (CD90(-) and CD105(-)) nor endothelial (CD31(-)) or stem cell-associated markers (CD133(-) and stem cell antigen-1; Sca-1(-)). Cells could be maintained in culture as a plastic-adherent monolayer in culture medium (MesenCult MSC) for more than 1 year. Cells spontaneously formed sphere clusters "pancreatospheres" which, however, were nonclonal. When cultured in appropriate media, cells differentiated into multiple mesenchymal lineages (fat, cartilage, and bone). Positive dithizone staining suggested that a subset of cells differentiated into insulin-producing cells. However, further studies are needed to characterize the endocrine potential of these cells. These findings indicate that a myelomonocytoid population from pancreatic explant outgrowths has mesenchymal differentiation potential. These results are in line with recent data onmonocyte-derivedmesenchymal progenitors (MOMPs).
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Balamurugan AN, Kumaravel V, Pugazhenthi S, Naziruddin B. Islet cell biology, regeneration, and transplantation. Int J Endocrinol 2012; 2012:139787. [PMID: 23326263 PMCID: PMC3541602 DOI: 10.1155/2012/139787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Balamurugan
- Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- *A. N. Balamurugan:
| | - Velayutham Kumaravel
- Alpha Hospital and Research Center, Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Madurai, Tamilnadu 625009, India
| | - Subbiah Pugazhenthi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bashoo Naziruddin
- Baylor Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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