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Neary MT, Mulder LM, Kowalski PS, MacLoughlin R, Crean AM, Ryan KB. Nebulised delivery of RNA formulations to the lungs: From aerosol to cytosol. J Control Release 2024; 366:812-833. [PMID: 38101753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade RNA-based therapies such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) have emerged as new and ground-breaking therapeutic agents for the treatment and prevention of many conditions from viral infection to cancer. Most clinically approved RNA therapies are parenterally administered which impacts patient compliance and adds to healthcare costs. Pulmonary administration via inhalation is a non-invasive means to deliver RNA and offers an attractive alternative to injection. Nebulisation is a particularly appealing method due to the capacity to deliver large RNA doses during tidal breathing. In this review, we discuss the unique physiological barriers presented by the lung to efficient nebulised RNA delivery and approaches adopted to circumvent this problem. Additionally, the different types of nebulisers are evaluated from the perspective of their suitability for RNA delivery. Furthermore, we discuss recent preclinical studies involving nebulisation of RNA and analysis in in vitro and in vivo settings. Several studies have also demonstrated the importance of an effective delivery vector in RNA nebulisation therefore we assess the variety of lipid, polymeric and hybrid-based delivery systems utilised to date. We also consider the outlook for nebulised RNA medicinal products and the hurdles which must be overcome for successful clinical translation. In summary, nebulised RNA delivery has demonstrated promising potential for the treatment of several lung-related conditions such as asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, to which the mode of delivery is of crucial importance for clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Neary
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Piotr S Kowalski
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Abina M Crean
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Katie B Ryan
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland.
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2
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Nosratabadi AR, Gustafsson M, Lovén K, Ljunggren SA, Olofsson U, Abbasi S, Blomqvist G, Karlsson H, Ljungman AG, Cassee FR, Gerlofs-Nijland ME, Gudmundsson A. Airway contraction and cytokine release in isolated rat lungs induced by wear particles from the road and tire interface and road vehicle brakes. Inhal Toxicol 2023; 35:309-323. [PMID: 38054445 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2023.2289018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The dominant road traffic particle sources are wear particles from the road and tire interface, and from vehicle brake pads. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of road and brake wear particles on pulmonary function and biomarkers in isolated perfused rat lungs. Particles were sampled from the studded tire wear of three road pavements containing different rock materials in a road simulator; and from the wear of two brake pad materials using a pin-on-disk machine. Isolated rat lungs inhaled the coarse and fine fractions of the sampled particles resulting in an estimated total particle lung dose of 50 μg. The tidal volume (TV) was measured during the particle exposure and the following 50 min. Perfusate and BALF were analyzed for the cytokines TNF, CXCL1 and CCL3. The TV of lungs exposed to rock materials was significantly reduced after 25 min of exposure compared to the controls, for quartzite already after 4 min. The particles of the heavy-duty brake pads had no effect on the TV. Brake particles resulted in a significant elevation of CXCL1 in the perfusate. Brake particles showed significant elevations of all three measured cytokines, and quartzite showed a significant elevation of TNF in BALF. The study shows that the toxic effect on lungs exposed to airborne particles can be investigated using measurements of tidal volume. Furthermore, the study shows that the choice of rock material in road pavements has the potential to affect the toxicity of road wear PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Nosratabadi
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Gustafsson
- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Lovén
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Design Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan A Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ulf Olofsson
- School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Department of Machine Design, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saeed Abbasi
- School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Department of Machine Design, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Blomqvist
- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anders G Ljungman
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anders Gudmundsson
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Design Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Sécher T, Heuzé-Vourc'h N. Barriers for orally inhaled therapeutic antibodies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1071-1084. [PMID: 37609943 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2249821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Respiratory diseases represent a worldwide health issue. The recent Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, the burden of lung cancer, and inflammatory respiratory diseases urged the development of innovative therapeutic solutions. In this context, therapeutic antibodies (Abs) offer a tremendous opportunity to benefit patients with respiratory diseases. Delivering Ab through the airways has been demonstrated to be relevant to improve their therapeutic index. However, few inhaled Abs are on the market. AREAS COVERED This review describes the different barriers that may alter the fate of inhaled therapeutic Abs in the lungs at steady state. It addresses both physical and biological barriers and discusses the importance of taking into consideration the pathological changes occurring during respiratory disease, which may reinforce these barriers. EXPERT OPINION The pulmonary route remains rare for delivering therapeutic Abs, with few approved inhaled molecules, despite promising evidence. Efforts must focus on the intertwined barriers associated with lung diseases to develop appropriate Ab-formulation-device combo, ensuring optimal Ab deposition in the respiratory tract. Finally, randomized controlled clinical trials should be carried out to establish inhaled Ab therapy as prominent against respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sécher
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc'h
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, Tours, France
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4
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Uskoković V. Lessons from the history of inorganic nanoparticles for inhalable diagnostics and therapeutics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102903. [PMID: 37084546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory tract is one of the most accessible ones to exogenous nanoparticles, yet drug delivery by their means to it is made extraordinarily challenging because of the plexus of aerodynamic, hemodynamic and biomolecular factors at cellular and extracellular levels that synergistically define the safety and efficacy of this process. Here, the use of inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) for inhalable diagnostics and therapies of the lung is viewed through the prism of the history of studies on the interaction of INPs with the lower respiratory tract. The most conceptually and methodologically innovative and illuminative studies are referred to in the chronological order, as they were reported in the literature, and the trends in the progress of understanding this interaction of immense therapeutic and toxicological significance are being deduced from it. The most outstanding actual trends delineated include the diminishment of toxicity via surface functionalization, cell targeting, tagging and tracking via controlled binding and uptake, hybrid INP treatments, magnetic guidance, combined drug and gene delivery, use as adjuvants in inhalable vaccines, and other. Many of the understudied research directions, which have been accomplished by the nanostructured organic polymers in the pulmonary niche, are discussed. The progress in the use of INPs as inhalable diagnostics or therapeutics has been hampered by their well-recognized inflammatory potential and toxicity in the respiratory tract. However, the annual numbers of methodologically innovative studies have been on the rise throughout the past two decades, suggesting that this is a prolific direction of research, its comparatively poor commercial takings notwithstanding. Still, the lack of consensus on the effects of many INP compositions at low but therapeutically effective doses, the plethora of contradictory reports on ostensibly identical chemical compositions and NP properties, and the many cases of antagonism in combinatorial NP treatments imply that the rational design of inhalable medical devices based on INPs must rely on qualitative principles for the most part and embrace a partially stochastic approach as well. At the same time, the fact that the most studied INPs for pulmonary applications have been those with some of the thickest records of pulmonary toxicity, e.g., carbon, silver, gold, silica and iron oxide, is a silent call for the expansion of the search for new inorganic compositions for use in inhalable therapies to new territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, TardigradeNano LLC, 7 Park Vista, Irvine, CA 92604, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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5
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da Rosa NN, Appel JM, Irioda AC, Mogharbel BF, de Oliveira NB, Perussolo MC, Stricker PEF, Rosa-Fernandes L, Marinho CRF, de Carvalho KAT. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of an In Vitro Lung Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065852. [PMID: 36982923 PMCID: PMC10059924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, COVID-19 emerged in China, and in January 2020, the World Health Organization declared a state of international emergency. Within this context, there is a significant search for new drugs to fight the disease and a need for in vitro models for preclinical drug tests. This study aims to develop a 3D lung model. For the execution, Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSC) were isolated and characterized through flow cytometry and trilineage differentiation. For pulmonary differentiation, the cells were seeded in plates coated with natural functional biopolymer matrix as membrane until spheroid formation, and then the spheroids were cultured with differentiation inductors. The differentiated cells were characterized using immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR, confirming the presence of alveolar type I and II, ciliated, and goblet cells. Then, 3D bioprinting was performed with a sodium alginate and gelatin bioink in an extrusion-based 3D printer. The 3D structure was analyzed, confirming cell viability with a live/dead assay and the expression of lung markers with immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the differentiation of WJ-MSC into lung cells was successful, as well as the bioprinting of these cells in a 3D structure, a promising alternative for in vitro drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Nascimento da Rosa
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Julia Maurer Appel
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Irioda
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Bassam Felipe Mogharbel
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Barth de Oliveira
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Maiara Carolina Perussolo
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Priscila Elias Ferreira Stricker
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
| | - Lívia Rosa-Fernandes
- Experimental Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Romero Farias Marinho
- Experimental Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Katherine Athayde Teixeira de Carvalho
- Advanced Therapy and Cellular Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine Department, Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute & Pequeno Príncipe Faculties, Curitiba 80240-020, Brazil
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Marcello E, Chiono V. Biomaterials-Enhanced Intranasal Delivery of Drugs as a Direct Route for Brain Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043390. [PMID: 36834804 PMCID: PMC9964911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Intranasal (IN) drug delivery is a non-invasive and effective route for the administration of drugs to the brain at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and minimizing adverse side effects. IN drug delivery can be particularly promising for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The drug delivery mechanism involves the initial drug penetration through the nasal epithelial barrier, followed by drug diffusion in the perivascular or perineural spaces along the olfactory or trigeminal nerves, and final extracellular diffusion throughout the brain. A part of the drug may be lost by drainage through the lymphatic system, while a part may even enter the systemic circulation and reach the brain by crossing the BBB. Alternatively, drugs can be directly transported to the brain by axons of the olfactory nerve. To improve the effectiveness of drug delivery to the brain by the IN route, various types of nanocarriers and hydrogels and their combinations have been proposed. This review paper analyzes the main biomaterials-based strategies to enhance IN drug delivery to the brain, outlining unsolved challenges and proposing ways to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marcello
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Centro 3R, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, Centro 3R, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, National Research Council (CNR-IPCF), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Sudduth ER, Kolewe EL, Graf J, Yu Y, Somma J, Fromen CA. Nebulization of Model Hydrogel Nanoparticles to Macrophages at the Air-Liquid Interface. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 4:1086031. [PMID: 37859802 PMCID: PMC10586456 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1086031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle evaluation within the pulmonary airspace has increasingly important implications for human health, with growing interest from drug delivery, environmental, and toxicology fields. While there have been widespread investigations of nanoparticle physiochemical properties following many routes of administration, nanoparticle behavior at the air-liquid interface (ALI) is less well-characterized. In this work, we fabricate two formulations of poly(ethylene)-glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)-based model nanoparticles to establish an in vitro workflow allowing evaluation of nanoparticle charge effects at the ALI. Both cationic and anionic PEGDA formulations were synthesized with similar hydrodynamic diameters around ~225 nm and low polydispersity, with expected surface charges corresponding with the respective functional co-monomer. We find that both formulations are readily nebulized from an aqueous suspension in a commercial Aeroneb® Lab Nebulizer, but the aqueous delivery solution served to slightly increase the overall hydrodynamic and geometric size of the cationic particle formulation. However, nanoparticle loading at 50 μg/ml of either formulation did not influence the resultant aerosol diameter from the nebulizer. To assess aerosol delivery in vitro, we designed a 3D printed adapter capable of ensuring aerosol delivery to transwell 24-well culture plates. Nanoparticle uptake by macrophages was compared between traditional cell culture techniques and that of ALI-cultured macrophages following aerosol delivery. Cell viability was unaffected by nanoparticle delivery using either method. However, only traditional cell culture methods demonstrated significant uptake that was dependent on the nanoparticle surface charge. Concurrently, ALI culture resulted in lower metabolic activity of macrophages than those in traditional cell culture, leading to lower overall nanoparticle uptake at ALI. Overall, this work demonstrates that base-material similarities between both particle formulations provide an expected consistency in aerosol delivery regardless of the nanoparticle surface charge and provides an important workflow that enables a holistic evaluation of aerosolizable nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R. Sudduth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Emily L. Kolewe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jodi Graf
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Yinkui Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Joaquina Somma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Catherine A. Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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8
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Khadka P, Dummer J, Hill PC, Katare R, Das SC. A review of formulations and preclinical studies of inhaled rifampicin for its clinical translation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 13:1246-1271. [PMID: 36131190 PMCID: PMC9491662 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled drug delivery is a promising approach to achieving high lung drug concentrations to facilitate efficient treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and to reduce the overall duration of treatment. Rifampicin is a good candidate for delivery via the pulmonary route. There have been no clinical studies yet at relevant inhaled doses despite the numerous studies investigating its formulation and preclinical properties for pulmonary delivery. This review discusses the clinical implications of pulmonary drug delivery in TB treatment, the drug delivery systems reported for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin, animal models, and the animal studies on inhaled rifampicin formulations, and the research gaps hindering the transition from preclinical development to clinical investigation. A review of reports in the literature suggested there have been minimal attempts to test inhaled formulations of rifampicin in laboratory animals at relevant high doses and there is a lack of appropriate studies in animal models. Published studies have reported testing only low doses (≤ 20 mg/kg) of rifampicin, and none of the studies has investigated the safety of inhaled rifampicin after repeated administration. Preclinical evaluations of inhaled anti-TB drugs, such as rifampicin, should include high-dose formulations in preclinical models, determined based on allometric conversions, for relevant high-dose anti-TB therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Khadka
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jack Dummer
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Philip C Hill
- Centre for International Health, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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9
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Scholp AJ, Jensen J, Chinnathambi S, Atluri K, Mendenhall A, Fowler T, Salem AK, Martin JA, Sander EA. Force-Bioreactor for Assessing Pharmacological Therapies for Mechanobiological Targets. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:907611. [PMID: 35928948 PMCID: PMC9343955 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.907611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is a major health issue that impacts millions of people and is costly to treat. However, few effective anti-fibrotic treatments are available. Due to their central role in fibrotic tissue deposition, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the target of many therapeutic strategies centered primarily on either inducing apoptosis or blocking mechanical or biochemical stimulation that leads to excessive collagen production. Part of the development of these drugs for clinical use involves in vitro prescreening. 2D screens, however, are not ideal for discovering mechanobiologically significant compounds that impact functions like force generation and other cell activities related to tissue remodeling that are highly dependent on the conditions of the microenvironment. Thus, higher fidelity models are needed to better simulate in vivo conditions and relate drug activity to quantifiable functional outcomes. To provide guidance on effective drug dosing strategies for mechanoresponsive drugs, we describe a custom force-bioreactor that uses a fibroblast-seeded fibrin gels as a relatively simple mimic of the provisional matrix of a healing wound. As cells generate traction forces, the volume of the gel reduces, and a calibrated and embedded Nitinol wire deflects in proportion to the generated forces over the course of 6 days while overhead images of the gel are acquired hourly. This system is a useful in vitro tool for quantifying myofibroblast dose-dependent responses to candidate biomolecules, such as blebbistatin. Administration of 50 μM blebbistatin reliably reduced fibroblast force generation approximately 40% and lasted at least 40 h, which in turn resulted in qualitatively less collagen production as determined via fluorescent labeling of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Scholp
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jordan Jensen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sathivel Chinnathambi
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Keerthi Atluri
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Alyssa Mendenhall
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Timothy Fowler
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - James A. Martin
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Edward A. Sander
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Edward A. Sander,
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10
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Aikaterini G, Tomás S, Ilias K, Christina R, Yu-Wei L, Mina P, Spyros Z, Helen G, Jian L, E FL. Pulmonary and systemic pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) and formed colistin following nebulization of CMS among patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2022; 59:106588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Patel P, Raval M, Airao V, Bhatt V, Shah P. Silibinin loaded inhalable solid lipid nanoparticles for lung targeting. J Microencapsul 2021; 39:1-24. [PMID: 34825627 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2021.2002448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the current study, efforts are being made to prepare Inhalable Silibinin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with narrow size distribution with improved bioavailability. METHODS SLNs were formulated by high shear homogenisation method SLNs were characterised, including Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency with Aerodynamic behaviour. The MTT assay was performed against A549 cell line, to measure their anticancer cell activity with In vivo study. RESULTS Optimized formulation exhibited spherical surface with a mean particle size of 221 ± 1.251 nm, PI of 0.121 ± 0.081, zeta potential of -4.12 ± 0.744. Aerodynamic behaviour such as Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and Geometric size distribution (GSD) were found to be 5.487 ± 0.072 and 2.321 ± 0.141 respectively proved formulation is suitable for inhalation. In vitro cellular efficacy against A549 cells, revealed that the optimised formulations were more effective and potent. CONCLUSION The Inhalable SLNs approach was successfully engineered and administered to the lungs safely without causing any problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Mihir Raval
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Vishal Airao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Vaibhav Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Pranav Shah
- Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, India
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12
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Quantitative DESI mass spectrometry imaging of lung distribution of inhaled drug. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Helena Macedo M, Baião A, Pinto S, Barros AS, Almeida H, Almeida A, das Neves J, Sarmento B. Mucus-producing 3D cell culture models. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113993. [PMID: 34619286 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cell-based models have been used for a long time since they are normally easily obtained and have an advantageous cost-benefit. Besides, they can serve a variety of ends, from studying drug absorption and metabolism to disease modeling. However, some in vitro models are too simplistic, not accurately representing the living tissues. It has been shown, mainly in the last years, that fully mimicking a tissue composition and architecture can be paramount for cellular behavior and, consequently, for the outcomes of the studies using such models. Because of this, 3D in vitro cell models have been gaining much attention, since they are able to better replicate the in vivo environment. In this review we focus on 3D models that contain mucus-producing cells, as mucus can play a pivotal role in drug absorption. Being frequently overlooked, this viscous fluid can have an impact on drug delivery. Thus, the aim of this review is to understand to which extent can mucus affect mucosal drug delivery and to provide a state-of-the-art report on the existing 3D cell-based mucus models.
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Artzy-Schnirman A, Arber Raviv S, Doppelt Flikshtain O, Shklover J, Korin N, Gross A, Mizrahi B, Schroeder A, Sznitman J. Advanced human-relevant in vitro pulmonary platforms for respiratory therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113901. [PMID: 34331989 PMCID: PMC7611797 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, advanced in vitro pulmonary platforms have witnessed exciting developments that are pushing beyond traditional preclinical cell culture methods. Here, we discuss ongoing efforts in bridging the gap between in vivo and in vitro interfaces and identify some of the bioengineering challenges that lie ahead in delivering new generations of human-relevant in vitro pulmonary platforms. Notably, in vitro strategies using foremost lung-on-chips and biocompatible "soft" membranes have focused on platforms that emphasize phenotypical endpoints recapitulating key physiological and cellular functions. We review some of the most recent in vitro studies underlining seminal therapeutic screens and translational applications and open our discussion to promising avenues of pulmonary therapeutic exploration focusing on liposomes. Undeniably, there still remains a recognized trade-off between the physiological and biological complexity of these in vitro lung models and their ability to deliver assays with throughput capabilities. The upcoming years are thus anticipated to see further developments in broadening the applicability of such in vitro systems and accelerating therapeutic exploration for drug discovery and translational medicine in treating respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbel Artzy-Schnirman
- Department of Biomedical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Sivan Arber Raviv
- Department of Chemical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Jeny Shklover
- Department of Chemical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Netanel Korin
- Department of Biomedical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Adi Gross
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Boaz Mizrahi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Avi Schroeder
- Department of Chemical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Josué Sznitman
- Department of Biomedical, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
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15
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Drivers of absolute systemic bioavailability after oral pulmonary inhalation in humans. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 164:36-53. [PMID: 33895293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There are few studies in humans dealing with the relationship between physico-chemical properties of drugs and their systemic bioavailability after administration via oral inhalation route (Fpulm). Getting further insight in the determinants of Fpulm after oral pulmonary inhalation could be of value for drugs considered for a systemic delivery as a result of poor oral bioavailability, as well as for drugs considered for a local delivery to anticipate their undesirable systemic effects. To better delineate the parameters influencing the systemic delivery after oral pulmonary inhalation in humans, we studied the influence of physico-chemical and permeability properties obtained in silico on the rate and extent of Fpulm in a series of 77 compounds with or without marketing approval for pulmonary delivery, and intended either for local or for systemic delivery. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed mainly that Fpulm was positively correlated with Papp and negatively correlated with %TPSA, without a significant influence of solubility and ionization fraction, and no apparent link with lipophilicity and drug size parameters. As a result of the small sample set, the performance of the different models as predictive of Fpulm were quite average with random forest algorithm displaying the best performance. As a whole, the different models captured between 50 and 60% of the variability with a prediction error of less than 20%. Tmax data suggested a significant positive influence of lipophilicity on absorption rate while charge apparently had no influence. A significant linear relationship between Cmax and dose (R2 = "0.79) highlighted that Cmax was primarily dependent on dose and absorption rate and could be used to estimate Cmax in humans for new inhaled drugs.
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16
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Mehta A, Michler T, Merkel OM. siRNA Therapeutics against Respiratory Viral Infections-What Have We Learned for Potential COVID-19 Therapies? Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001650. [PMID: 33506607 PMCID: PMC7995229 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute viral respiratory tract infections (AVRIs) are a major burden on human health and global economy and amongst the top five causes of death worldwide resulting in an estimated 3.9 million lives lost every year. In addition, new emerging respiratory viruses regularly cause outbreaks such as SARS-CoV-1 in 2003, the "Swine flu" in 2009, or most importantly the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which intensely impact global health, social life, and economy. Despite the prevalence of AVRIs and an urgent need, no vaccines-except for influenza-or effective treatments were available at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the innate RNAi pathway offers the ability to develop nucleic acid-based antiviral drugs. siRNA sequences against conserved, essential regions of the viral genome can prevent viral replication. In addition, viral infection can be averted prophylactically by silencing host genes essential for host-viral interactions. Unfortunately, delivering siRNAs to their target cells and intracellular site of action remains the principle hurdle toward their therapeutic use. Currently, siRNA formulations and chemical modifications are evaluated for their delivery. This progress report discusses the selection of antiviral siRNA sequences, delivery techniques to the infection sites, and provides an overview of antiviral siRNAs against respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Mehta
- Department of PharmacyPharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5Munich81377Germany
| | - Thomas Michler
- Institute of VirologyTechnische Universität MünchenTrogerstr. 30Munich81675Germany
| | - Olivia M. Merkel
- Department of PharmacyPharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5Munich81377Germany
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17
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Building three-dimensional lung models for studying pharmacokinetics of inhaled drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:386-395. [PMID: 32971227 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug development is a critical step in the development pipeline of pharmaceutical industry, commonly performed in traditional cell culture and animal models. Though, those models hold critical gapsin the prediction and the translation of human pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) parameters. The advances in tissue engineering have allowed the combination of cell biology with microengineering techniques, offering alternatives to conventional preclinical models. Organ-on-a-chips and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting models present the potentialityof simulating the physiological and pathological microenvironment of living organs and tissues, constituting this way,more realistic models for the assessment of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of drugs. Therefore, this review will focus on lung-on-a-chip and 3D bioprinting techniques for developing lung models that can be usedfor predicting PK/PD parameters.
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18
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Calzetta L, Coppola A, Ritondo BL, Matino M, Chetta A, Rogliani P. The Impact of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists on Airway Inflammation: A Systematic Review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:257-279. [PMID: 33603353 PMCID: PMC7886086 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s285867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs) are the cornerstone for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); furthermore, tiotropium is approved as add-on therapy in severe asthmatic patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that LAMAs may modulate airway contractility and airway hyperresponsiveness not only by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchRs) expressed on airway smooth muscle but also via anti-inflammatory mechanisms by blocking mAchRs expressed on inflammatory cells, submucosal glands, and epithelial cells. The aim of this systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines, was to provide a synthesis of the literature on the anti-inflammatory impact of muscarinic receptor antagonists in the airways. Most of the current evidence originates from studies on tiotropium, that demonstrated a reduction in synthesis and release of cytokines and chemokines, as well as the number of total and differential inflammatory cells, induced by different pro-inflammatory stimuli. Conversely, few data are currently available for aclidinium and glycopyrronium, whereas no studies on the potential anti-inflammatory effect of umeclidinium have been reported. Overall, a large body of evidence supports the beneficial impact of tiotropium against airway inflammation. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to better elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms leading to the protective effect of LAMAs against exacerbations via identifying suitable biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigino Calzetta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Angelo Coppola
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital "Policlinico Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ludovica Ritondo
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Matino
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Chetta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital "Policlinico Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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19
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Okuda T, Okamoto H. Present Situation and Future Progress of Inhaled Lung Cancer Therapy: Necessity of Inhaled Formulations with Drug Delivery Functions. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 68:589-602. [PMID: 32611996 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled lung cancer therapy is promising because of direct and noninvasive drug delivery to the lungs with low potential for severe systemic toxicity. Thus chemotherapeutic drugs have been administered clinically by nebulization of solution or suspension formulations, which demonstrated their limited pulmonary absorption and relatively mild systemic toxicity. In all these clinical trials, however, there was no obviously superior anticancer efficacy in lung cancer patients even at the maximum doses of drugs limited by pulmonary toxicity. Therefore methods that deliver both higher anticancer efficacy and lower pulmonary toxicity are strongly desired. In addition to the worldwide availability of pressured metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to treat local respiratory diseases, recent innovations in medicines and technologies are encouraging next steps toward effective inhaled lung cancer therapy with new therapeutic or drug delivery concepts. These include the discovery of target cells/molecules and drug candidates for novel cancer therapy, the development of high-performance inhalation devices for effective pulmonary drug delivery, and the establishment of manufacturing technologies for functional nanoparticles/microparticles. This review highlights the present situation and future progress of inhaled drugs for lung cancer therapy, including an overview of available inhalation devices, pharmacokinetics, and outcomes in clinical trials so far and some novel formulation strategies based on drug delivery systems to achieve enhanced anticancer efficacy and attenuated pulmonary toxicity.
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20
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Chow MYT, Chang RYK, Chan HK. Inhalation delivery technology for genome-editing of respiratory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:217-228. [PMID: 32512029 PMCID: PMC7274121 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system has significant therapeutic potentials for lung congenital diseases such as cystic fibrosis, as well as other pulmonary disorders like lung cancer and obstructive diseases. Local administration of CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics through inhalation can achieve high drug concentration and minimise systemic exposure. While the field is advancing with better understanding on the biological functions achieved by CRISPR/Cas9 systems, the lack of progress in inhalation formulation and delivery of the molecule may impede their clinical translation efficiently. This forward-looking review discussed the current status of formulations and delivery for inhalation of relevant biologics such as genes (plasmids and mRNAs) and proteins, emphasising on their design strategies and preparation methods. By adapting and optimising formulation strategies used for genes and proteins, we envisage that development of inhalable CRISPR/Cas9 liquid or powder formulations for inhalation administration can potentially be fast-tracked in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y T Chow
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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21
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Sécher T, Bodier-Montagutelli E, Guillon A, Heuzé-Vourc'h N. Correlation and clinical relevance of animal models for inhaled pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 167:148-169. [PMID: 32645479 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nonclinical studies are fundamental for the development of inhaled drugs, as for any drug product, and for successful translation to clinical practice. They include in silico, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies and are intended to provide a comprehensive understanding of the inhaled drug beneficial and detrimental effects. To date, animal models cannot be circumvented during drug development programs, acting as surrogates of humans to predict inhaled drug response, fate and toxicity. Herein, we review the animal models used during the different development stages of inhaled pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals, highlighting their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sécher
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, Tours, France; University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - E Bodier-Montagutelli
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, Tours, France; University of Tours, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Pharmacy Department, Tours, France
| | - A Guillon
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, Tours, France; University of Tours, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Critical Care Department, Tours, France
| | - N Heuzé-Vourc'h
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, Tours, France; University of Tours, Tours, France.
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22
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Montefusco-Pereira CV, Carvalho-Wodarz CDS, Seeger J, Kloft C, Michelet R, Lehr CM. Decoding (patho-)physiology of the lung by advanced in vitro models for developing novel anti-infectives therapies. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:148-163. [PMID: 33232842 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced lung cell culture models provide physiologically-relevant and complex data for mathematical models to exploit host-pathogen responses during anti-infective drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Victor Montefusco-Pereira
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Seeger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Kloft
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Michelet
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
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23
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Novel Silibinin Loaded Chitosan-Coated PLGA/PCL Nanoparticles Based Inhalation Formulations with Improved Cytotoxicity and Bioavailability for Lung Cancer. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Matthews AA, Ee PLR, Ge R. Developing inhaled protein therapeutics for lung diseases. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2020; 1:11. [PMID: 34765995 PMCID: PMC7595758 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-020-00014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologic therapeutics such as protein/polypeptide drugs are conventionally administered systemically via intravenous injection for the treatment of diseases including lung diseases, although this approach leads to low target site accumulation and the potential risk for systemic side effects. In comparison, topical delivery of protein drugs to the lung via inhalation is deemed to be a more effective approach for lung diseases, as proteins would directly reach the target in the lung while exhibiting poor diffusion into the systemic circulation, leading to higher lung drug retention and efficacy while minimising toxicity to other organs. This review examines the important considerations and challenges in designing an inhaled protein therapeutics for local lung delivery: the choice of inhalation device, structural changes affecting drug deposition in diseased lungs, clearance mechanisms affecting an inhaled protein drug’s lung accumulation, protein stability, and immunogenicity. Possible approaches to overcoming these issues will also be discussed.
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25
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The Budesonide-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Complex Attenuates ROS Generation, IL-8 Release and Cell Death Induced by Oxidant and Inflammatory Stress. Study on A549 and A-THP-1 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214882. [PMID: 33105741 PMCID: PMC7660049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids such as budesonide (BUD) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used to treat patients suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases. A previous animal study reported a higher anti-inflammatory activity with a 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD)-based formulation of BUD (BUD:HPβCD). This study investigated, on cellular models (A549 and A-THP-1), the effect of BUD:HPβD in comparison with BUD and HPβCD on the effects induced by oxidative and inflammatory stress as well as the role of cholesterol. We demonstrated the protective effect afforded by BUD:HPβCD against cytotoxicity and ROS generation induced by oxidative and inflammatory stress. The effect observed for BUD:HPβCD was comparable to that observed with HPβCD with no major effect of cholesterol content. We also demonstrated (i) the involvement of the canonical molecular pathway including ROS generation, a decrease in PI3K/Akt activation, and decrease in phosphorylated/unphosphorylated HDAC2 in the effect induced by BUD:HPβCD, (ii) the maintenance of IL-8 decrease with BUD:HPβCD, and (iii) the absence of improvement in glucocorticoid insensitivity with BUD:HPβCD in comparison with BUD, in conditions where HDAC2 was inhibited. Resulting from HPβCD antioxidant and anticytotoxic potential and protective capacity against ROS-induced PI3K/Akt signaling and HDAC2 inhibition, BUD:HPβCD might be more beneficial than BUD alone in a context of concomitant oxidative and inflammatory stress.
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26
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Sou T, Bergström CAS. Contemporary Formulation Development for Inhaled Pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:66-86. [PMID: 32916138 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery has gained increased interests over the past few decades. For respiratory conditions, targeted drug delivery directly to the site of action can achieve a high local concentration for efficacy with reduced systemic exposure and adverse effects. For systemic conditions, the unique physiology of the lung evolutionarily designed for rapid gaseous exchange presents an entry route for systemic drug delivery. Although the development of inhaled formulations has come a long way over the last few decades, many aspects of it remain to be elucidated. In particular, a reliable and well-understood method for in vitro-in vivo correlations remains to be established. With the rapid and ongoing advancement of technology, there is much potential to better utilise computational methods including different types of modelling and simulation approaches to support inhaled formulation development. This review intends to provide an introduction on some fundamental concepts in pulmonary drug delivery and inhaled formulation development followed by discussions on some challenges and opportunities in the translation of inhaled pharmaceuticals from preclinical studies to clinical development. The review concludes with some recent advancements in modelling and simulation approaches that could play an increasingly important role in modern formulation development of inhaled pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Sou
- Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Pharmacometrics, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The Swedish Drug Delivery Center, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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27
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Engineering Preclinical Tools and Therapeutics to Understand and Treat COVID-19. Dela J Public Health 2020; 6:32-35. [PMID: 34467105 PMCID: PMC8389820 DOI: 10.32481/djph.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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28
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Cigana C, Ranucci S, Rossi A, De Fino I, Melessike M, Bragonzi A. Antibiotic efficacy varies based on the infection model and treatment regimen for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.02456-2018. [PMID: 31624114 PMCID: PMC7057181 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02456-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic discovery and preclinical testing are needed to combat the Pseudomonas aeruginosa health threat. Most frequently, antibiotic efficacy is tested in models of acute respiratory infection, with chronic pneumonia remaining largely unexplored. This approach generates serious concerns about the evaluation of treatment for chronically infected patients, and highlights the need for animal models that mimic the course of human disease. In this study, the efficacy of the marketed antibacterial drugs tobramycin (TOB) and colistin (COL) was tested in murine models of acute and chronic P. aeruginosa pulmonary infection. Different administration routes (intranasal, aerosol or subcutaneous) and treatment schedules (soon or 7 days post-infection) were tested. In the acute infection model, aerosol and subcutaneous administration of TOB reduced the bacterial burden and inflammatory response, while intranasal treatment showed modest efficacy. COL reduced the bacterial burden less effectively but dampened inflammation. Mice treated soon after chronic infection for 7 days with daily aerosol or subcutaneous administration of TOB showed higher and more rapid body weight recovery and reduced bacterial burden and inflammation than vehicle-treated mice. COL-treated mice showed no improvement in body weight or change in inflammation. Modest bacterial burden reduction was recorded only with aerosol COL administration. When treatment for chronic infection was commenced 7 days after infection, both TOB and COL failed to reduce P. aeruginosa burden and inflammation, or aid in recovery of body weight. Our findings suggest that the animal model and treatment regimen should be carefully chosen based on the type of infection to assess antibiotic efficacy. Disease-specific animal models and treatment regimens are essential in order to optimise anti-Pseudomonas drug testinghttp://bit.ly/2ISfBiB
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cigana
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Both authors contributed equally and share senior authorship
| | - Serena Ranucci
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Rossi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Ida De Fino
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Medede Melessike
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bragonzi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy .,Both authors contributed equally and share senior authorship
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29
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In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo methods of lung absorption for inhaled drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 161-162:63-74. [PMID: 32763274 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The assessment and prediction of lung absorption and disposition are an increasingly essential preclinical task for successful discovery and product development of inhaled drugs for both local and systemic delivery. Hence, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo preclinical methods of lung absorption continue to evolve with several technical, methodological and analytical refinements. As in vitro lung epithelial cell monolayer models, the air-liquid interface (ALI)-cultured Calu-3 cells have most frequently been used, but the NCI-H441 and hAELVi cells have now been proposed as the first immortalized human alveolar epithelial cells capable of forming highly-restricted monolayers. The primary ALI-cultured three-dimensional (3D) human lung cell barriers have also become available; efforts to incorporate aerosol drug deposition into the in vitro lung cell models continue; and stem cell-derived lung epithelial cells and "lung-on-a-chip" technology are emerging. The ex vivo isolated perfused rat lung (IPRL) methods have increasing been used, as they enable the kinetic determination of tissue/organ-level diffusive and membrane protein-mediated absorption and competing non-absorptive loss; the assessment of "pre-epithelial" aerosol biopharmaceutical events in the lung, such as dissolution and release; and the ex vivo-to-in vivo extrapolation and prediction. Even so, in vivo small rodent-based methods have been of mainstay use, while large animal-based methods find an additional opportunity to study region-dependent lung absorption and disposition. It is also exciting that human pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles and systemic exposures for inhaled drugs/molecules may be able to be predicted from these in vivo rodent PK data following lung delivery using kinetic modeling approach with allometric scaling. Overall, the value of these preclinical assessments appears to have shifted more to their translational capability of predicting local lung and systemic exposure in humans, in addition to rationalizing optimal inhaled dosage form and delivery system for drugs/molecules in question. It is critically important therefore to make appropriate selection and timely exploitation of the best models at each stage of drug discovery and development program for efficient progress toward product approval and clinical use.
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Freches D, Rocks N, Patil HP, Perin F, Van Snick J, Vanbever R, Cataldo D. Preclinical evaluation of topically-administered PEGylated Fab' lung toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2019; 1:100019. [PMID: 31517284 PMCID: PMC6733299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PEGylation is a promising approach to increase the residence time of antibody fragments in the lungs and sustain their therapeutic effects. However, concerns arise as to the potential pulmonary toxicity of antibody fragments conjugated to high molecular weight (HMW) polyethylene glycol (PEG), notably after repeated administrations, and the possibility of PEG accumulation in the lungs. The purpose of this proof-of-concept study is to give insights about the safety of lung administration of a Fab’ anti-IL17A antibody fragment conjugated to two-armed 40 kDa PEG (PEG40). The presence of the PEG40 moiety inside alveolar macrophages remained stable for at least 24 h after intratracheal administration of PEG40-Fab’ to mice. PEG40 was then progressively cleared from alveolar macrophages. Incubation of PEG40 alone with macrophages in vitro did not significantly harm macrophages and did not affect phagocytosis or the production of inflammatory markers. After acute or chronic administration of PEG40-Fab’ to mice, no signs of significant pulmonary toxicity or inflammatory cell accumulation were observed. A vacuolization of alveolar macrophages not associated with any inflammation was noticed when PEG40, PEG40-Fab’, or unPEGylated Fab’ were administered. To conclude this preliminary proof of concept study, acute or repeated pulmonary administrations of PEGylated Fab’ appear safe in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Freches
- Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Rocks
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer and GIGA-I, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Harshad P Patil
- Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Perin
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer and GIGA-I, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jacques Van Snick
- Ludwig Cancer Research Ltd, Brussels Branch, Avenue Hippocrate 74, UCLouvain, 7459, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rita Vanbever
- Advanced Drug Delivery & Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Cataldo
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer and GIGA-I, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Liege and CHU Liege, Liege, Belgium
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31
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Movia D, Bazou D, Prina-Mello A. ALI multilayered co-cultures mimic biochemical mechanisms of the cancer cell-fibroblast cross-talk involved in NSCLC MultiDrug Resistance. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:854. [PMID: 31464606 PMCID: PMC6714313 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study focuses on its most common form, Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). No cure exists for advanced NSCLC, and patient prognosis is extremely poor. Efforts are currently being made to develop effective inhaled NSCLC therapies. However, at present, reliable preclinical models to support the development of inhaled anti-cancer drugs do not exist. This is due to the oversimplified nature of currently available in vitro models, and the significant interspecies differences between animals and humans. Methods We have recently established 3D Multilayered Cell Cultures (MCCs) of human NSCLC (A549) cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI) as the first in vitro tool for screening the efficacy of inhaled anti-cancer drugs. Here, we present an improved in vitro model formed by growing A549 cells and human fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) as an ALI multilayered co-culture. The model was characterized over 14-day growth and tested for its response to four benchmarking chemotherapeutics. Results ALI multilayered co-cultures showed an increased resistance to the four drugs tested as compared to ALI multilayered mono-cultures. The signalling pathways involved in the culture MultiDrug Resistance (MDR) were influenced by the cancer cell-fibroblast cross-talk, which was mediated through TGF-β1 release and subsequent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. As per in vivo conditions, when inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation, MDR was triggered by activation of the MEK/ERK pathway activation and up-regulation in cIAP-1/2 expression. Conclusions Our study opens new research avenues for the development of alternatives to animal-based inhalation studies, impacting the development of anti-NSCLC drugs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-6038-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Movia
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, University of Dublin Trinity College, James's Street, D8, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Despina Bazou
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, University of Dublin Trinity College, James's Street, D8, Dublin, Ireland.,AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Caniga M, Yu H, Lee HH, Wang M, Witter D, Salmon M, Fan PW. Estimation of Fraction Dissolved After Intratracheal Delivery of a Potent Janus Kinase Inhibitor, iJAK-001, with Low Solubility in Rat and Sheep: Impact of Preclinical PKPD on Inhaled Human Dose Projection. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2019; 32:251-265. [PMID: 31084462 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2018.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A highly potent pan-Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor with excellent kinome selectivity was developed for topical delivery to treat severe asthma. This poorly soluble drug discovery candidate, iJAK-001, is expected to exhibit long duration of JAK/STAT pathway inhibition at low doses in asthmatics because of depot effect after dry powder inhalation. Human dose projection for inhaled molecules with low aqueous solubility remains to be a daunting challenge because of several limitations: (1) bioanalytical measurement of dissolved fraction after inhalation of solid particles is uncertain; (2) distribution of these particles is not homogenous in the lung; (3) in vitro solubility measurements to estimate fraction dissolved may not be a reflection of local surface lung concentration; (4) lack of a surrogate biomarker of lung target engagement, and (5) invasive procedure needed to sample human lung tissue in the clinic. Methods: We leveraged in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tools preclinically and found significant differences in lung to plasma partition ratio when iJAK-001 was given intravenously (IV) or intratracheally in a solution-based formulation versus that in suspension, as well as pharmacodynamic response in preclinical asthma models when delivered systemically via IV infusion versus inhaled. Results and Conclusion: The combined results from above suggest that caution must be exercised using either lung or plasma exposure for human dose projection. Instead, using the local inhibitor concentration estimate based on delivery efficiency, dose, fraction absorbed, and rate of absorption normalized by lung (cardiac) blood flow may be more appropriate for dose projection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caniga
- Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc.Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hongshi Yu
- Department of Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc.Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Department of Discovery Immunology, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc.Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meiyao Wang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc.Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Witter
- Preclinical Research, Cullinan Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Salmon
- Platform Translation and Development, Emulate, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter W Fan
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck & Co., Inc.Boston, Massachusetts
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Ozkan A, Ghousifam N, Hoopes PJ, Yankeelov TE, Rylander MN. In vitro vascularized liver and tumor tissue microenvironments on a chip for dynamic determination of nanoparticle transport and toxicity. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1201-1219. [PMID: 30636289 PMCID: PMC10637916 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a vascularized breast tumor and healthy or tumorigenic liver microenvironments-on-a-chip connected in series. This is the first description of a vascularized multi tissue-on-a-chip microenvironment for modeling cancerous breast and cancerous/healthy liver microenvironments, to allow for the study of dynamic and spatial transport of particles. This device enables the dynamic determination of vessel permeability, the measurement of drug and nanoparticle transport, and the assessment of the associated efficacy and toxicity to the liver. The platform is utilized to determine the effect of particle size on the spatiotemporal diffusion of particles through each microenvironment, both independently and in response to the circulation of particles in varying sequences of microenvironments. The results show that when breast cancer cells were cultured in the microenvironments they had a 2.62-fold higher vessel porosity relative to vessels within healthy liver microenvironments. Hence, the permeability of the tumor microenvironment increased by 2.35- and 2.77-fold compared with a healthy liver for small and large particles, respectively. The extracellular matrix accumulation rate of larger particles was 2.57-fold lower than smaller particles in a healthy liver. However, the accumulation rate was 5.57-fold greater in the breast tumor microenvironment. These results are in agreement with comparable in vivo studies. Ultimately, the platform could be utilized to determine the impact of the tissue or tumor microenvironment, or drug and nanoparticle properties, on transport, efficacy, selectivity, and toxicity in a dynamic, and high-throughput manner for use in treatment optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alican Ozkan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Neda Ghousifam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Paul Jack Hoopes
- Department of Biostatistics and Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Thomas Edward Yankeelov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute of Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Departments of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Marissa Nichole Rylander
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute of Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Excipient-free isoniazid aerosol administration in mice: Evaporation-nucleation particle generation, pulmonary delivery and body distribution. Int J Pharm 2019; 563:101-109. [PMID: 30928214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Excipient-free isoniazid aerosol formation and pulmonary delivery in mice are studied. An evaporation-nucleation route is used for the generation of isoniazid aerosol. Particle diameters and number concentrations are measured with an aerosol spectrometer consisting of a diffusion battery, condensation chamber, and photoelectric counter. The pulmonary delivery of isoniazid particles is studied in both nose-only (NO) and whole-body (WB) inhalation chambers for the particle mean diameter and number concentration to be 600 nm and 6 × 106 cm-3, respectively. It is found that the rate of drug systemic absorption in the WB chamber is 27% higher than that for the NO one because of an additional consumption of drug orally from the fur in the WB chamber. The particle deposition efficiency ε in the mouse respiratory tract is measured as a function of mean diameter. The quantity ε is equal to 0.7 for the particle diameter d = 10 nm and decreases to 0.2 with the diameter increasing to 300 nm, and then, at d > 300 nm the deposition efficiency increases with diameter to 0.5 at d = 2000 nm. The bioavailability of the aerosol form of isoniazid (72 ± 10%) is very close to that for the per-oral form (61 ± 10%).
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35
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Kell SA, Kachura MA, Renn A, Traquina P, Coffman RL, Campbell JD. Preclinical development of the TLR9 agonist DV281 as an inhaled aerosolized immunotherapeutic for lung cancer: Pharmacological profile in mice, non-human primates, and human primary cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 66:296-308. [PMID: 30502651 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CpG-motif-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) activate innate immunity through Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 9 signaling and generate local immune responses when delivered directly to the lung. Herein we describe pharmacological studies in mice, cynomolgus monkeys, and in human primary cells which support the development of DV281, a C-class CpG-ODN, as an inhaled aerosolized immunotherapeutic for lung cancer to be combined with an inhibitor of the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‑1) immune checkpoint. In vitro, DV281 potently induced Interferon (IFN)‑α from monkey and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), stimulated interleukin‑6 production and proliferation in human B cells, and induced TLR9-dependent cytokine responses from mouse splenocytes. Intranasal delivery of DV281 to mice led to substantial but transient cytokine and chemokine responses in the lung. Lung responses to repeated intranasal DV281 were partially to fully reversible 2 weeks after the final dose and were absent in TLR9-deficient mice. Single escalating doses of aerosolized DV281 in monkeys induced dose-dependent induction of IFN-regulated genes in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and blood. In a repeat-dose safety study in monkeys, inhaled DV281 was well-tolerated, and findings were mechanism of action-related and non-adverse. Co-culture of human PBMC with DV281 and anti-PD‑1 antibody did not augment cytokine or cellular proliferation responses compared to DV281 alone, indicating that the combination did not lead to dysregulated cytokine responses. These studies support clinical development of inhaled aerosolized DV281 as a combination therapy with anti-PD‑1 antibody for lung cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Renn
- Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA, USA
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36
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Delivery of pDNA Polyplexes to Bronchial and Alveolar Epithelial Cells Using a Mesh Nebulizer. Pharm Res 2018; 36:14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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37
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Wu T, Liao W, Wang W, Zhou J, Tan W, Xiang W, Zhang J, Guo L, Chen T, Ma D, Yu W, Cai X. Genipin-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan nanogel for lung-targeted delivery of isoniazid and rifampin. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 197:403-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Movia D, Bazou D, Volkov Y, Prina-Mello A. Multilayered Cultures of NSCLC cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface allow the efficacy testing of inhaled anti-cancer drugs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12920. [PMID: 30150787 PMCID: PMC6110800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports the advantages of inhalation over other drug-administration routes in the treatment of lung diseases, including cancer. Although data obtained from animal models and conventional in vitro cultures are informative, testing the efficacy of inhaled chemotherapeutic agents requires human-relevant preclinical tools. Such tools are currently unavailable. Here, we developed and characterized in vitro models for the efficacy testing of inhaled chemotherapeutic agents against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These models recapitulated key elements of both the lung epithelium and the tumour tissue, namely the direct contact with the gas phase and the three-dimensional (3D) architecture. Our in vitro models were formed by growing, for the first time, human adenocarcinoma (A549) cells as multilayered mono-cultures at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI). The in vitro models were tested for their response to four benchmarking chemotherapeutics, currently in use in clinics, demonstrating an increased resistance to these drugs as compared to sub-confluent monolayered 2D cell cultures. Chemoresistance was comparable to that detected in 3D hypoxic tumour spheroids. Being cultured in ALI conditions, the multilayered monocultures demonstrated to be compatible with testing drugs administered as a liquid aerosol by a clinical nebulizer, offering an advantage over 3D tumour spheroids. In conclusion, we demonstrated that our in vitro models provide new human-relevant tools allowing for the efficacy screening of inhaled anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Movia
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Despina Bazou
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yuri Volkov
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, First Moscow State Sechenov Medical University, Moskva, Russian Federation
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Osman N, Kaneko K, Carini V, Saleem I. Carriers for the targeted delivery of aerosolized macromolecules for pulmonary pathologies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:821-834. [PMID: 30021074 PMCID: PMC6110405 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1502267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macromolecules with unique effects and potency are increasingly being considered for application in lung pathologies. Numerous delivery strategies for these macromolecules through the lung have been investigated to improve the targeting and overall efficacy. AREAS COVERED Targeting approaches from delivery devices, formulation strategies and specific targets are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Although macromolecules are a heterogeneous group of molecules, a number of strategies have been investigated at the macro, micro, and nanoscopic scale for the delivery of macromolecules to specific sites and cells of lung tissues. Targeted approaches are already in use at the macroscopic scale through inhalation devices and formulations, but targeting strategies at the micro and nanoscopic scale are still in the laboratory stage. The combination of controlling lung deposition and targeting after deposition, through a combination of targeting strategies could be the future direction for the treatment of lung pathologies through the pulmonary route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Osman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kan Kaneko
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Valeria Carini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Dhanani JA, Cohen J, Parker SL, Chan HK, Tang P, Ahern BJ, Khan A, Bhatt M, Goodman S, Diab S, Chaudhary J, Lipman J, Wallis SC, Barnett A, Chew M, Fraser JF, Roberts JA. A research pathway for the study of the delivery and disposition of nebulised antibiotics: an incremental approach from in vitro to large animal models. Intensive Care Med Exp 2018; 6:17. [PMID: 29998357 PMCID: PMC6041222 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nebulised antibiotics are frequently used for the prevention or treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Many factors may influence pulmonary drug concentrations with inaccurate dosing schedules potentially leading to therapeutic failure and/or the emergence of antibiotic resistance. We describe a research pathway for studying the pharmacokinetics of a nebulised antibiotic during mechanical ventilation using in vitro methods and ovine models, using tobramycin as the study antibiotic. Methods In vitro studies using a laser diffractometer and a bacterial-viral filter were used to measure the effect of the type and size of tracheal tubes and antibiotic concentration on the particle size distribution of the tobramycin 400 mg (4 ml; 100 mg/ml) and 160 mg (4 ml, 40 mg/ml) aerosol and nebulised mass delivered. To compare the regional drug distribution in the lung of two routes (intravenous and nebulised) of drug administration of tobramycin 400 mg, technetium-99m-labelled tobramycin 400 mg with planar nuclear medicine imaging was used in a mechanically ventilated ovine model. To measure tobramycin concentrations by intravenous and nebulised tobramycin 400 mg (4 ml, 100 mg/ml) administration in the lung interstitial space (ISF) fluid and blood of mechanically ventilated sheep, the microdialysis technique was used over an 8-h duration. Results Tobramycin 100 mg/ml achieved a higher lung dose (121.3 mg) compared to 40 mg/ml (41.3 mg) solution. The imaging study with labelled tobramycin indicated that nebulised tobramycin distributed more extensively into each lung zone of the mechanically ventilated sheep than intravenous administration. A higher lung ISF peak concentration of tobramycin was observed with nebulised tobramycin (40.8 mg/l) compared to intravenous route (19.0 mg/l). Conclusions The research methods appear promising to describe lung pharmacokinetics for formulations intended for nebulisation during mechanical ventilation. These methods need further validation in an experimental pneumonia model to be able to contribute toward optimising dosing regimens to inform clinical trials and/or clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh A Dhanani
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. .,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. .,Critical Care Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Jeremy Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Suzanne L Parker
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patricia Tang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Ahern
- Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Adeel Khan
- Faculty of Science, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Manoj Bhatt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Specialised PET Services Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven Goodman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Specialised PET Services Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sara Diab
- Critical Care Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jivesh Chaudhary
- Critical Care Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven C Wallis
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian Barnett
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle Chew
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jason A Roberts
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Translational Anti-infective Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Pharmacy, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Kunda NK, Price DN, Muttil P. Respiratory Tract Deposition and Distribution Pattern of Microparticles in Mice Using Different Pulmonary Delivery Techniques. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:E41. [PMID: 29996506 PMCID: PMC6161314 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of drugs and vaccines is an established route of administration, with particulate-based carriers becoming an attractive strategy to enhance the benefits of pulmonary therapeutic delivery. Despite the increasing number of publications using the pulmonary route of delivery, the lack of effective and uniform administration techniques in preclinical models generally results in poor translational success. In this study, we used the IVIS Spectrum small-animal in vivo imaging system to compare the respiratory tract deposition and distribution pattern of a microsphere suspension (5 µm) in mice after 1, 4, and 24 h when delivered by oropharyngeal aspiration, the Microsprayer® Aerosolizer, and the BioLite Intubation System, three-widely reported preclinical inhalation techniques. We saw no significant differences in microsphere deposition in whole body images and excised lungs (at 1, 4, and 24 h); however, the three-dimensional (3D) images showed more localized deposition in the lungs with the MicroSprayer® and BioLite delivery techniques. Further, oropharyngeal aspiration (at 1 h) showed microsphere deposition in the oral cavity, in contrast to the MicroSprayer® and BioLite systems. The studies shown here will allow researchers to choose the appropriate pulmonary delivery method in animal models based on their study requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh K Kunda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
| | - Dominique N Price
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
| | - Pavan Muttil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
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Inhaled formulation and device selection: bridging the gap between preclinical species and first-in-human studies. Ther Deliv 2018; 9:387-404. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2000-0000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors that influence inhaled first-in-human (FIH) device and formulation selection often differ significantly from the factors that have influenced the preceding preclinical experiments and inhalation toxicology work. In order to minimize the risk of delivery issues negatively impacting a respiratory pipeline program, the preclinical and FIH delivery systems must be considered holistically. This topic will be covered in more detail in this paper. Several examples will be presented that highlight how appropriate scientific strategy can help bridge the gap between delivering to preclinical species and human. Considerations for the FIH device selection (metered dose inhaler, dry powder inhaler and nebulizer) and formulation optimization for small molecules will be discussed in context with the preclinical delivery systems.
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Utari PD, Setroikromo R, Melgert BN, Quax WJ. PvdQ Quorum Quenching Acylase Attenuates Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence in a Mouse Model of Pulmonary Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:119. [PMID: 29755959 PMCID: PMC5932173 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the predominant pathogen in pulmonary infections associated with cystic fibrosis. Quorum sensing (QS) systems regulate the production of virulence factors and play an important role in the establishment of successful P. aeruginosa infections. Inhibition of the QS system (termed quorum quenching) renders the bacteria avirulent thus serving as an alternative approach in the development of novel antibiotics. Quorum quenching in Gram negative bacteria can be achieved by preventing the accumulation of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecule via enzymatic degradation. Previous work by us has shown that PvdQ acylase hydrolyzes AHL signaling molecules irreversibly, thereby inhibiting QS in P. aeruginosa in vitro and in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of P. aeruginosa infection. The aim of the present study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of intranasally instilled PvdQ acylase in a mouse model of pulmonary P. aeruginosa infection. First, we evaluated the deposition pattern of intranasally administered fluorochrome-tagged PvdQ (PvdQ-VT) in mice at different stages of pulmonary infection by in vivo imaging studies. Following intranasal instillation, PvdQ-VT could be traced in all lung lobes with 42 ± 7.5% of the delivered dose being deposited at 0 h post-bacterial-infection, and 34 ± 5.2% at 72 h post bacterial-infection. We then treated mice with PvdQ during lethal P. aeruginosa pulmonary infection and that resulted in a 5-fold reduction of lung bacterial load and a prolonged survival of the infected animals with the median survival time of 57 hin comparison to 42 h for the PBS-treated group. In a sublethal P. aeruginosa pulmonary infection, PvdQ treatment resulted in less lung inflammation as well as decrease of CXCL2 and TNF-α levels at 24 h post-bacterial-infection by 15 and 20%, respectively. In conclusion, our study has shown therapeutic efficacy of PvdQ acylase as a quorum quenching agent during P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri D. Utari
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rita Setroikromo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Barbro N. Melgert
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wim J. Quax
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Debnath SK, Saisivam S, Debanth M, Omri A. Development and evaluation of Chitosan nanoparticles based dry powder inhalation formulations of Prothionamide. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190976. [PMID: 29370192 PMCID: PMC5784924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prothionamide (PTH), a second line antitubercular drug is used to administer in conventional oral route. However, its unpredictable absorption and frequent administration limit its use. An alternate approach was thought of administering PTH through pulmonary route in a form of nanoparticles, which can sustain the release for several hours in lungs. Chitosan, a bio-degradable polymer was used to coat PTH and further freeze dried to prepare dry powder inhaler (DPI) with aerodynamic particle size of 1.76μm. In vitro release study showed initial burst release followed by sustained release up to 96.91% in 24h. In vitro release further correlated with in vivo study. Prepared DPI maintained the PTH concentration above MIC for more than 12h after single dose administration and increased the PTH residency in the lungs tissue more than 24h. Animal study also revealed the reduction of dose in pulmonary administration, which will improve the management of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Kumar Debnath
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Srinivasan Saisivam
- Department of Pharmacy, N. R. Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Monalisha Debanth
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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Fröhlich E. Toxicity of orally inhaled drug formulations at the alveolar barrier: parameters for initial biological screening. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:891-905. [PMID: 28574335 PMCID: PMC8241192 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1333172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery is the most common mode of systemic drug application. Inhalation is mainly used for local therapy of lung diseases but may also be a promising route for systemic delivery of drugs that have poor oral bioavailability. The thin alveolar barrier enables fast and efficient uptake of many molecules and could deliver small molecules and proteins, which are susceptible to degradation and show poor absorption by oral application. The low rate of biotransformation and proteolytic degradation increases bioavailability of drugs but accumulation of not absorbed material may impair normal lung function. This limitation is more relevant for compounds that should be systematically active because higher doses have to be applied to the lung. The review describes processes that determine absorption of orally inhaled formulations, namely dissolution in the lung lining fluid and uptake and degradation by alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. Dissolution testing in simulated lung fluid, screening for cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory action in respiratory cells and study of macrophage morphology, and phagocytosis can help to identify adverse effects of pulmonary formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- a Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria.,b Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH , Graz , Austria
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Debnath SK, Srinivasan S, Debnath M. Development of Dry Powder Inhaler Containing Prothionamide-PLGA Nanoparticles Optimized Through Statistical Design: In-vivo Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1875933501704010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective:The objective of the present work was to formulate Prothionamide (PTH) nanoparticles using Poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA), optimized by Box-Behnken Design and further modification to dry powder inhaler followed byin-vivostudy.Methods:Poly-lactic co-gycolic acid (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer was used to coat Prothionamide by solvent evaporation technique. Formulation was optimized using Box-Behnken Design. Response surface curve and desirability factors helped in the selection of optimum formulation of PTH nanoparticles. Dry powder inhaler was prepared by adding inhalable grade lactose to optimize PTH nanoparticles. Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was carried out using Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI) to demonstrate its suitability in the pulmonary administration.In-vitrodrug release of dry powder inhaler was carried out in simulated lungs fluid. Correlationin-vitrotoin-vivowas established after performing animal experiment.Results:FTIR study reveals no chemical interaction between PTH, lactose and PLGA as the principle peaks was retained with same intensity in the physical mixture. Scanning electron microscope showed the spherical shape and aerodynamic particle size was found to be 1.69µm. Drug release study showed initial burst release followed by zero order release.In-vivomodel confirmed the presence of PTH after 24h. Aerodynamic particle size and the release profile revealed the suitability of PTH loaded nanoparticles containing dry powder inhaler for the pulmonary administration.Conclusion:Prepared DPI containing PTH nanoparticles can improve in the management of tuberculosis by increasing PTH residency in the lungs tissue for prolong period of time.
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Pulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Colistin following Administration of Dry Powder Aerosols in Rats. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00973-17. [PMID: 28807905 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00973-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin has been administered via nebulization for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Recently, dry powder inhalation (DPI) has attracted increasing attention. The current study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of colistin in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and plasma following DPI and intravenous (i.v.) administration in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were given colistin as DPI intratracheally (0.66 and 1.32 mg base/kg of body weight) or i.v. injection (0.66 mg base/kg). Histopathological examination of lung tissue was performed at 24 h. Colistin concentrations in both ELF and plasma were quantified, and a population PK model was developed and compared to a previously published PK model of nebulized colistin in rats. A two-compartment structural model was developed to describe the PK of colistin in both ELF and plasma following pulmonary or i.v. administration. The model-estimated clearance from the central plasma compartment was 0.271 liter/h/kg (standard error [SE] = 2.51%). The transfer of colistin from the ELF compartment to the plasma compartment was best described by a first-order rate constant (clearance of colistin from the ELF compartment to the plasma compartment = 4.03 × 10-4 liter/h/kg, SE = 15%). DPI appeared to have a higher rate of absorption (time to the maximum concentration in plasma after administration of colistin by DPI, ≤10 min) than nebulization (time to the maximum concentration in plasma after administration of colistin by nebulization, 20 to 30 min), but the systemic bioavailabilities by the two routes of administration were similar (∼46.5%, SE = 8.43%). Histopathological examination revealed no significant differences in inflammation in lung tissues between the two treatments. Our findings suggest that colistin DPI is a promising alternative to nebulization considering the similar PK and safety profiles of the two forms of administration. The PK and histopathological information obtained is critical for the development of optimal aerosolized colistin regimens with activity against lung infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
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Debnath SK, Saisivam S, Omri A. PLGA Ethionamide Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery: Development and in vivo evaluation of dry powder inhaler. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:854-859. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Guichard MJ, Leal T, Vanbever R. PEGylation, an approach for improving the pulmonary delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ericsson T, Fridén M, Kärrman-Mårdh C, Dainty I, Grime K. Benchmarking of Human Dose Prediction for Inhaled Medicines from Preclinical In Vivo Data. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2557-2567. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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