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Belkozhayev A, Niyazova R, Kamal MA, Ivashchenko A, Sharipov K, Wilson CM. Differential microRNA expression in the SH-SY5Y human cell model as potential biomarkers for Huntington's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1399742. [PMID: 39049823 PMCID: PMC11267620 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1399742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene; the exact pathogenesis of HD currently remains unclear. One of the promising directions in the study of HDs is to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the development and role of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to identify the profile of miRNAs in an HD human cell line model as diagnostic biomarkers for HD. To study HD, the human SH-SY5Y HD cell model is based on the expression of two different forms: pEGFP-Q23 and pEGFP-Q74 of HTT. The expression of Htt protein was confirmed using aggregation assays combined with immunofluorescence and Western blotting methods. miRNA levels were measured in SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model samples stably expressing Q23 and Q74 using the extraction-free HTG EdgeSeq protocol. A total of 2083 miRNAs were detected, and 354 (top 18 miRNAs) miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (DE) (p < 0.05) in Q23 and Q74 cell lines. A majority of the miRNAs were downregulated in the HD cell model. Moreover, we revealed that six DE miRNAs target seven genes (ATN1, GEMIN4, EFNA5, CSMD2, CREBBP, ATXN1, and B3GNT) that play important roles in neurodegenerative disorders and showed significant expression differences in mutant Htt (Q74) when compared to wild-type Htt (Q23) using RT-qPCR (p < 0.05 and 0.01). We demonstrated the most important DE miRNA-mRNA profiles, interaction binding sites, and their related pathways in HD using experimental and bioinformatics methods. This will allow the development of novel diagnostic strategies and provide alternative therapeutic routes for treating HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz Belkozhayev
- Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Sandwich, United Kingdom
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Geology and Oil-Gas Business Institute Named after K. Turyssov, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Raigul Niyazova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China School of Nursing, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Enzymoics, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kamalidin Sharipov
- M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Cornelia M. Wilson
- Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Sandwich, United Kingdom
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Yarahmadi G, Tavakoli Ataabadi S, Dashti Z, Dehghanian M. A review on expression and regulatory mechanisms of miR-337-3p in cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38500239 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A group of diseases generally referred to as cancer represents a serious threat to people's health all over the world and has a significant negative influence on every aspect of the lives of patients. The development of cancer is influenced by several environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, can alter the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis, lead to the pathogenesis of cancer. Additionally, several effectors modify miRNAs directly, including methylation, circular RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this review, we have explained the role of mir-337-3p in the pathways related to the pathogenesis of different cancers. Studying the functional role of miR-337-3p is necessary for detecting novel molecules as tumor markers and discovering novel targets for cancer treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghafour Yarahmadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sadegh Tavakoli Ataabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Campus, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehran Dehghanian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Lavecchia di Tocco F, Botti V, Cannistraro S, Bizzarri AR. Detection of miR-155 Using Peptide Nucleic Acid at Physiological-like Conditions by Surface Plasmon Resonance and Bio-Field Effect Transistor. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:79. [PMID: 38391998 PMCID: PMC10887097 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small ribonucleotides that act as key gene regulators. Their altered expression is often associated with the onset and progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Given their potential use as biomarkers, there is a need to find detection methods for microRNAs suitable for use in clinical setting. Field-effect-transistor-based biosensors (bioFETs) appear to be valid tools to detect microRNAs, since they may reliably quantitate the specific binding between the immobilized probe and free target in solution through an easily detectable electrical signal. We have investigated the detection of human microRNA 155 (miR-155) using an innovative capturing probe constituted by a synthetic peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which has the advantage to form a duplex even at ionic strengths approaching the physiological conditions. With the aim to develop an optimized BioFET setup, the interaction kinetics between miR-155 and the chosen PNA was preliminarily investigated by using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). By exploiting both these results and our custom-made bioFET system, we were able to attain a low-cost, real-time, label-free and highly specific detection of miR-155 in the nano-molar range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna Rita Bizzarri
- Biophysics and Nanoscience Centre, DEB, Università della Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.L.d.T.); (V.B.); (S.C.)
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4
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Deshpande P, Chen CY, Chimata AV, Li JC, Sarkar A, Yeates C, Chen CH, Kango-Singh M, Singh A. miR-277 targets the proapoptotic gene-hid to ameliorate Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's model. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:71. [PMID: 38238337 PMCID: PMC10796706 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder, exhibits reduced cognitive function with no cure to date. One of the reasons for AD is the accumulation of Amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) plaque(s) that trigger aberrant gene expression and signaling, which results in neuronal cell death by an unknown mechanism(s). Misexpression of human Aβ42 in the developing retina of Drosophila exhibits AD-like neuropathology. Small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of their target genes and thereby regulate different signaling pathways. In a forward genetic screen, we identified miR-277 (human ortholog is hsa-miR-3660) as a genetic modifier of Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration. Loss-of-function of miR-277 enhances the Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration. Whereas gain-of-function of miR-277 in the GMR > Aβ42 background downregulates cell death to maintain the number of neurons and thereby restores the retinal axonal targeting defects indicating the functional rescue. In addition, gain-of-function of miR-277 rescues the eclosion- and climbing assays defects observed in GMR > Aβ42 background. Thus, gain-of-function of miR-277 rescues both structurally as well as functionally the Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration. Furthermore, we identified head involution defective (hid), an evolutionarily conserved proapoptotic gene, as one of the targets of miR-277 and validated these results using luciferase- and qPCR -assays. In the GMR > Aβ42 background, the gain-of-function of miR-277 results in the reduction of hid transcript levels to one-third of its levels as compared to GMR > Aβ42 background alone. Here, we provide a novel molecular mechanism where miR-277 targets and downregulates proapoptotic gene, hid, transcript levels to rescue Aβ42-mediated neurodegeneration by blocking cell death. These studies shed light on molecular mechanism(s) that mediate cell death response following Aβ42 accumulation seen in neurodegenerative disorders in humans and provide new therapeutic targets for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao-Yi Chen
- Institution of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jian-Chiuan Li
- Institution of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA
| | - Catherine Yeates
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Institution of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Madhuri Kango-Singh
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.
- Integrative Science and Engineering (ISE), University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA.
- Premedical Program, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.
- Integrative Science and Engineering (ISE), University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA.
- Center for Genomic Advocacy (TCGA), Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA.
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Lohajová Behulová R, Bugalová A, Bugala J, Struhárňanská E, Šafranek M, Juráš I. Circulating exosomal miRNAs as a promising diagnostic biomarker in cancer. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S193-S207. [PMID: 37888964 PMCID: PMC10669947 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer belongs to multifactorial diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells. Breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are the most frequently diagnosed malignancies with a high mortality rate. These carcinomas typically contain multiple genetically distinct subpopulations of tumor cells leading to tumor heterogeneity, which promotes the aggressiveness of the disease. Early diagnosis is necessary to increase patient progression-free survival. Particularly, miRNAs present in exosomes derived from tumors represent potential biomarkers suitable for early cancer diagnosis. Identification of miRNAs by liquid biopsy enables a personalized approach with the subsequent better clinical management of patients. This review article highlights the potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs in early breast, non-small cell lung, and colorectal cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lohajová Behulová
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Elizabeth's Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Chee TM, O'Farrell HE, Lima LG, Möller A, Fong KM, Yang IA, Bowman RV. Optimal isolation of extracellular vesicles from pleural fluid and profiling of their microRNA cargo. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 2:e119. [PMID: 38939736 PMCID: PMC11080846 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Pleural effusion occurs in both benign and malignant pleural disease. In malignant pleural effusions, the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology is less than perfect, particularly for the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma, but also in some cases for the diagnosis of metastatic pleural malignancy with primary cancer in the lung, breast or other sites. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry an enriched cargo of microRNAs (miRNAs) which are selectively packaged and differentially expressed in pleural disease states. To investigate the diagnostic potential of miRNA cargo in pleural fluid extracellular vesicles (PFEVs), we evaluated methods for isolating the extracellular vesicle (EV) fraction including combinations of ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and ultrafiltration (10 kDa filter unit). PFEVs were characterized by total and EV-associated protein, nanoparticle tracking analysis and visualisation by transmission electron microscopy. miRNA expression was analyzed by Nanostring nCounter® in separate EV fractions isolated from pleural fluid with or without additional RNA purification by ultrafiltration (3 kDa filter unit). Optimal PFEV yield, purity and miRNA expression were observed when PFEV were isolated from a larger volume of pleural fluid processed through combined ultracentrifugation and SEC techniques. Purification of total RNA by ultrafiltration further enhanced the detectability of PFEV miRNAs. This study demonstrates the feasibility of isolating PFEVs, and the potential to examine PFEV miRNA cargo using Nanostring technology to discover disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Mun Chee
- The University of Queensland Thoracic Research CentreThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Hannah E. O'Farrell
- The University of Queensland Thoracic Research CentreThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Luize G. Lima
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment LaboratoryQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyChinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Kwun M. Fong
- The University of Queensland Thoracic Research CentreThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Ian A. Yang
- The University of Queensland Thoracic Research CentreThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Rayleen V. Bowman
- The University of Queensland Thoracic Research CentreThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
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7
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Alom KM, Seo YJ. Triple ligation-based formation of a G-quadruplex for simultaneous detection of multiple miRNAs. Analyst 2023; 148:4283-4290. [PMID: 37622213 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01103h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous detection of multiple microRNAs (miRNA) is of great necessity but has not been extensively studied. This prompted our study, which involved the development of a triple ligation-based system for detecting three miRNAs at the same time. We designed a multi-ligation-padlock (MLP) probe that consists of three parts, each of which is complementary to two different miRNAs at the same time. In the presence of all three miRNAs, the probe becomes circularized, but in the absence of even one target, the probe remains linear. The first part of the MLP probe (MLP1) contains a T7 promoter part that can initiate RNA synthesis for any given target condition. However, it also includes a G-quadruplex complementary segment, which can only form a parallel RNA G-quadruplex through rolling circle transcription by the circularized template in the presence of all three targets. In this case, the application of our parallel G-quadruplex sensing fluorescent probe lutidine DESA (LutD) produces a strong signal. However, in the absence of any one of the targets, the RNA G-quadruplex cannot be formed and ultimately the LutD probe does not generate any signal. This difference in the signal intensity represents the presence or absence of all the target miRNAs. With our system, we were able to detect miRNA 21 at levels as low as 1.13 fM, miRNA 146a as low as 1.37 fM, and miRNA 25b as low as 1.51 fM within 45 minutes, confirming that our novel system can selectively and sensitively diagnose triple miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Morshed Alom
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jun Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Panda M, Kalita E, Singh S, Kumar K, Rao A, Prajapati VK. MiRNA-SARS-CoV-2 dialogue and prospective anti-COVID-19 therapies. Life Sci 2022; 305:120761. [PMID: 35787998 PMCID: PMC9249409 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), affects 226 countries and continents, and has resulted in >6.2 million deaths worldwide. Despite the efforts of all scientific institutions worldwide to identify potential therapeutics, no specific drug has been approved by the FDA to treat the COVID-19 patient. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns make the potential of publicly known therapeutics to respond to and detect disease onset highly improbable. The quest for universal therapeutics pointed to the ability of RNA-based molecules to shield and detect the adverse effects of the COVID-19 illness. One such candidate, miRNA (microRNA), works on regulating the differential expression of the target gene post-transcriptionally. The prime focus of this review is to report the critical miRNA molecule and their regular expression in patients with COVID-19 infection and associated comorbidities. Viral and host miRNAs control the etiology of COVID-19 infection throughout the life cycle and host inflammatory response, where host miRNAs are identified as a double-edged showing as a proviral and antiviral response. The review also covered the role of viral miRNAs in mediating host cell signaling expression during disease pathology. Studying molecular interactions between the host and the SARS-CoV-2 virus during COVID-19 pathogenesis offers the chance to use miRNA-based therapeutics to reduce the severity of the illness. By utilizing an appropriate delivery vehicle, these small non-coding RNA could be envisioned as a promising biomarker in designing a practical RNAi-based treatment approach of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Panda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Elora Kalita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Satyendra Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ketan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abhishek Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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Deciphering the Molecular Mechanism of Incurable Muscle Disease by a Novel Method for the Interpretation of miRNA Dysregulation. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040048. [PMID: 35893231 PMCID: PMC9326546 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-established that microRNA dysregulation is a hallmark of human diseases, and that aberrant expression of miRNA is not randomly associated with human pathologies but plays a causal role in the pathological process. Investigations of the molecular mechanism that links miRNA dysregulation to pathophysiology can therefore further the understanding of human diseases. The biological effect of miRNA is thought to be mediated principally by miRNA target genes. Consequently, the target genes of dysregulated miRNA serve as a proxy for the biological interpretation of miRNA dysregulation, which is performed by target gene pathway enrichment analysis. However, this method unfortunately often fails to provide testable hypotheses concerning disease mechanisms. In this paper, we describe a method for the interpretation of miRNA dysregulation, which is based on miRNA host genes rather than target genes. Using this approach, we have recently identified the perturbations of lipid metabolism, and cholesterol in particular, in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The host gene-based interpretation of miRNA dysregulation therefore represents an attractive alternative method for the biological interpretation of miRNA dysregulation.
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Mukherjee S, Murata A, Ishida R, Sugai A, Dohno C, Hamada M, Krishna S, Nakatani K. HT-SELEX-based identification of binding pre-miRNA hairpin-motif for small molecules. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:165-174. [PMID: 34976435 PMCID: PMC8685993 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Selective targeting of biologically relevant RNAs with small molecules is a long-standing challenge due to the lack of clear understanding of the binding RNA motifs for small molecules. The standard SELEX procedure allows the identification of specific RNA binders (aptamers) for the target of interest. However, more effort is needed to identify and characterize the sequence-structure motifs in the aptamers important for binding to the target. Herein, we described a strategy integrating high-throughput (HT) sequencing with conventional SELEX followed by bioinformatic analysis to identify aptamers with high binding affinity and target specificity to unravel the sequence-structure motifs of pre-miRNA, which is essential for binding to the recently developed new water-soluble small-molecule CMBL3aL. To confirm the fidelity of this approach, we investigated the binding of CMBL3aL to the identified motifs by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and its potential regulatory activity on dicer-mediated cleavage of the obtained aptamers and endogenous pre-miRNAs comprising the identified motif in its hairpin loop. This new approach would significantly accelerate the identification process of binding sequence-structure motifs of pre-miRNA for the compound of interest and would contribute to increase the spectrum of biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Mukherjee
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Asako Murata
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Ryoga Ishida
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 55N-06-10, 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Ayako Sugai
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Chikara Dohno
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Michiaki Hamada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 55N-06-10, 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Sudhir Krishna
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Kazuhiko Nakatani
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
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Athira S, Bhaskar A, Misra P, Sibin M. Circulatory miR-126 expression as an epigenetic marker in diabetes mellitus; a systematic review & meta-analysis. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Bravo Vázquez LA, Moreno Becerril MY, Mora Hernández EO, de León Carmona GG, Aguirre Padilla ME, Chakraborty S, Bandyopadhyay A, Paul S. The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Bone Diseases and Their Therapeutic Potential. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010211. [PMID: 35011442 PMCID: PMC8746945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (20-24 nucleotides), highly conserved, non-coding RNA molecules whose main function is the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through sequence-specific manners, such as mRNA degradation or translational repression. Since these key regulatory molecules are implicated in several biological processes, their altered expression affects the preservation of cellular homeostasis and leads to the development of a wide range of pathologies. Over the last few years, relevant investigations have elucidated that miRNAs participate in different stages of bone growth and development. Moreover, the abnormal expression of these RNA molecules in bone cells and tissues has been significantly associated with the progression of numerous bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, osteonecrosis and bone metastasis, among others. In fact, miRNAs regulate multiple pathological mechanisms, including altering either osteogenic or osteoblast differentiation, metastasis, osteosarcoma cell proliferation, and bone loss. Therefore, in this present review, aiming to impulse the research arena of the biological implications of miRNA transcriptome in bone diseases and to explore their potentiality as a theragnostic target, we summarize the recent findings associated with the clinical significance of miRNAs in these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo Vázquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Mariana Yunuen Moreno Becerril
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Erick Octavio Mora Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Mexico City, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14380, Mexico;
| | - Gabriela García de León Carmona
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - María Emilia Aguirre Padilla
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila 4031, Philippines;
- Reliance Industries Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico; (L.A.B.V.); (M.Y.M.B.); (G.G.d.L.C.); (M.E.A.P.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Bost JP, Barriga H, Holme MN, Gallud A, Maugeri M, Gupta D, Lehto T, Valadi H, Esbjörner EK, Stevens MM, El-Andaloussi S. Delivery of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics: Chemical Modifications, Lipid Nanoparticles, and Extracellular Vesicles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13993-14021. [PMID: 34505766 PMCID: PMC8482762 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligonucleotides (ONs) comprise a rapidly growing class of therapeutics. In recent years, the list of FDA-approved ON therapies has rapidly expanded. ONs are small (15-30 bp) nucleotide-based therapeutics which are capable of targeting DNA and RNA as well as other biomolecules. ONs can be subdivided into several classes based on their chemical modifications and on the mechanisms of their target interactions. Historically, the largest hindrance to the widespread usage of ON therapeutics has been their inability to effectively internalize into cells and escape from endosomes to reach their molecular targets in the cytosol or nucleus. While cell uptake has been improved, "endosomal escape" remains a significant problem. There are a range of approaches to overcome this, and in this review, we focus on three: altering the chemical structure of the ONs, formulating synthetic, lipid-based nanoparticles to encapsulate the ONs, or biologically loading the ONs into extracellular vesicles. This review provides a background to the design and mode of action of existing FDA-approved ONs. It presents the most common ON classifications and chemical modifications from a fundamental scientific perspective and provides a roadmap of the cellular uptake pathways by which ONs are trafficked. Finally, this review delves into each of the above-mentioned approaches to ON delivery, highlighting the scientific principles behind each and covering recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P. Bost
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14152, Sweden
| | - Hanna Barriga
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Margaret N. Holme
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Audrey Gallud
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- Advanced
Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43150, Sweden
| | - Marco Maugeri
- Department
of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine,
Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14152, Sweden
| | - Taavi Lehto
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14152, Sweden
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Hadi Valadi
- Department
of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine,
Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41390, Sweden
| | - Elin K. Esbjörner
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Samir El-Andaloussi
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14152, Sweden
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14
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Luan XF, Wang L, Gai XF. The miR-28-5p-CAMTA2 axis regulates colon cancer progression via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:945-957. [PMID: 31709644 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 2 (CAMTA2) belongs to the calmodulin-binding transcription activator protein family. The functional role of CAMTA2 in colon cancer development remains unclear. Our research found out that CAMTA2 was high-level expressed in colon cancer, and the upregulated CAMTA2 expression was markedly correlated with poor survival. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of CAMTA2 repressed colon cancer cell proliferation/migration in vitro and attenuated proliferation in vivo. In additional, CAMTA2 expression was controlled by miR-28-5p via posttranscriptional regulation and miR-28-5p expression was reversely correlated with CAMTA2 expression in colon cancer. Moreover, enforced miR-28-5p expression downregulated the expression of CAMTA2 significantly and the restoration of CAMTA2 expression abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-28-5p on colon cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, overexpression of miR-28-5p suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the inhibitory could be partly abolished by overexpression of CAMTA2. In summary, our findings reveal that miR-28-5p/CAMTA2 axis plays a critical role in human colon cancer, which might be a promising diagnosis and therapeutic target for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Luan
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Feng Gai
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
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15
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Kumar Dev P, Gray AJ, Scott-Hamilton J, Hagstrom AD, Murphy A, Denham J. Co-expression analysis identifies networks of miRNAs implicated in biological ageing and modulated by short-term interval training. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111552. [PMID: 34363832 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training seems to promote healthy biological ageing partly by inducing telomere maintenance, yet the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies have emphasised the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ageing and their ability to mirror pathophysiological alterations associated with age-related diseases. We examined the association between aerobic fitness and leukocyte telomere length before determining the influence of vigorous exercise training on the regulation of leukocyte miRNA networks. Telomere length was positively correlated to aerobic fitness (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). 104 miRNAs were differentially expressed after six weeks of thrice-weekly sprint interval training (SIT) in healthy men (q < 0.05). Gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) detected biologically meaningful miRNA networks, five of which were significantly correlated with pre-SIT and post-SIT expression profiles (p < 0.001) and telomere length. Enrichment analysis revealed that the immune response, T cell differentiation and lipid metabolism associated miRNAs clusters were significantly down-regulated after SIT. Using data acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we also identified two co-expressed miRNAs families that were modulated by exercise training in previous investigations. Collectively, our findings highlight the miRNA networks implicated in exercise adaptations and telomere regulation, and suggest that SIT may attenuate biological ageing through the control of the let-7 and miR-320 miRNA families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Kumar Dev
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, India
| | - Adrian J Gray
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Amanda D Hagstrom
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Aron Murphy
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua Denham
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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16
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Zheng X, Rui S, Wang XF, Zou XH, Gong YP, Li ZH. circPVT1 regulates medullary thyroid cancer growth and metastasis by targeting miR-455-5p to activate CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:157. [PMID: 33962657 PMCID: PMC8106141 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) represents 13.4 % of all thyroid cancers-related deaths. The treatments for MTC are very limited especially for patients with distal metastasis. Therefore, it is critical to understand the mechanisms of MTC to pursue novel therapeutic avenues. Here, we studied the function of circPVT1/miR-455-5p in MTC. METHODS Human MTC tissues and cell lines were used. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to measure expression levels of miR-455-5p, circPVT1, CXCL12, and epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-related proteins. Colony formation assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and scratch wound healing assay were used to assess the abilities of cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. Dual luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were employed to validate interactions of circPVT1/miR-455-5p and miR-455-5p/CXCL12. Nude mouse xenograft model was used to evaluate the effects of shcircPVT1 and miR-455-5p mimics on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS miR-455-5p was reduced in MTC tissues and cells while circPVT1 was elevated. Their levels were correlated with prognosis of MTC. Overexpression of miR-455-5p or sh-circPVT1 suppressed EMT and MTC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. miR-455-5p targeted CXCL12 while circPVT1 sponged miR-455-5p. Knockdown of CXCL12 or CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling inhibitor reversed the effects of circPVT1 overexpression or miR-455-5p inhibitor on EMT and MTC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Knockdown of circPVT1 or miR-455-5p overexpression repressed MTC tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS miR-455-5p suppresses MTC growth and metastasis by targeting CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway while circPVT1 promotes MTC by sponging miR-455-5p. Our study sheds light on the mechanisms of MTC growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu Rui
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiu-He Zou
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan-Ping Gong
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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17
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Lassandro G, Ciaccia L, Amoruso A, Palladino V, Palmieri VV, Giordano P. Focus on MicroRNAs as Biomarker in Pediatric Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:826-832. [PMID: 33087027 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201021125512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs are considered a class of epigenetic biomarkers. These biomarkers can investigate disease at different stages: diagnosis, therapy or clinical follow-up. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to highlight the innovative use of miRNAs in several childhood diseases. METHODS We conducted a literature review to search the usage of miRNAs in pediatric clinical routine or experimental trials. RESULTS We found a possible key role of miRNAs in different pediatric illnesses (metabolic alterations, coagulation defects, cancer). CONCLUSION The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in pediatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lassandro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Ciaccia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Amoruso
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Palladino
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana V Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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18
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Dong W, Liu Q, Wang ZC, Du XX, Liu LL, Wang N, Weng JF, Peng XP. miR-322/miR-503 clusters regulate defective myoblast differentiation in myotonic dystrophy RNA-toxic by targeting Celf1. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:29-39. [PMID: 33613970 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a genetic disorder featured by muscular dystrophy. It is caused by CUG expansion in the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase gene that leads to aberrant signaling and impaired myocyte differentiation. Many studies have shown that microRNAs are involved in the differentiation process of myoblasts. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the miR-322/miR-503 cluster regulates intracellular signaling to affect cell differentiation. The cell model of DM1 was employed by expressing GFP-CUG200 or CUGBP Elav-like family member 1 (Celf1) in myoblasts. Immunostaining of MF-20 was performed to examine myocyte differentiation. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to determine the levels of Celf1, MyoD, MyoG, Mef2c, miR-322/miR-503, and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling. Dual luciferase assay was performed to validate the interaction between miR-322/miR-503 and Celf1. CUG expansion in myoblasts impaired the cell differentiation, increased the Celf1 level, but it decreased the miR-322/miR-503 levels. miR-322/miR-503 mimics restored the impaired differentiation caused by CUG expansion, while miR-322/miR-503 inhibitors further suppressed. miR-322/miR-503 directly targeted Celf1 and negatively regulated its expression. Knockdown of Celf1 promoted myocyte differentiation. Further, miR-322/miR-503 mimics rescued the impaired differentiation of myocytes caused by CUG expansion or Celf1 overexpression through suppressing of MEK/ERK signaling. miR-322/miR-503 cluster recover the defective myocyte differentiation caused by RNA-toxic via targeting Celf1. Restoring miR-322/miR-503 levels could be an avenue for DM1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Xiang Du
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Lei-Lei Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Fei Weng
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
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19
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Nong W, Wei ZQ, Mo XN, Wu L, Tang N. miR-137 overexpression protects neurons from Aβ-induced neurotoxicity via ERK1/2. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1932612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Nong
- Scientific Experimental Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-quan Wei
- Scientific Experimental Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ni Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nong Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Desjarlais M, Wirth M, Lahaie I, Ruknudin P, Hardy P, Rivard A, Chemtob S. Nutraceutical Targeting of Inflammation-Modulating microRNAs in Severe Forms of COVID-19: A Novel Approach to Prevent the Cytokine Storm. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:602999. [PMID: 33362557 PMCID: PMC7759543 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.602999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become the number one health problem worldwide. As of August 2020, it has affected more than 18 million humans and caused over 700,000 deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is an infectious disease that can lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Under certain circumstances, the viral infection leads to excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory response, which is associated with the massive release of inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary alveolar structures. This phenomenon has been referred to as the “cytokine storm,” and it is closely linked to lung injury, acute respiratory syndrome and mortality. Unfortunately, there is currently no vaccine available to prevent the infection, and no effective treatment is available to reduce the mortality associated with the severe form of the disease. The cytokine storm associate with COVID-19 shows similarities with those observed in other pathologies such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury and other viral infection including severe cases of influenza. However, the specific mechanisms that cause and modulate the cytokine storm in the different conditions remain to be determined. micro-RNAs are important regulators of gene expression, including key inflammatory cytokines involved in the massive recruitment of immune cells to the lungs such as IL1β, IL6, and TNFα. In recent years, it has been shown that nutraceutical agents can modulate the expression of miRs involved in the regulation of cytokines in various inflammatory diseases. Here we review the potential role of inflammatory-regulating-miRs in the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19, and propose that nutraceutical agents may represent a supportive therapeutic approach to modulate dysregulated miRs in this condition, providing benefits in severe respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Desjarlais
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maëlle Wirth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Lahaie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pakiza Ruknudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Rivard
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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21
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Sarkar JP, Saha I, Lancucki A, Ghosh N, Wlasnowolski M, Bokota G, Dey A, Lipinski P, Plewczynski D. Identification of miRNA Biomarkers for Diverse Cancer Types Using Statistical Learning Methods at the Whole-Genome Scale. Front Genet 2020; 11:982. [PMID: 33281862 PMCID: PMC7691578 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide analysis of miRNA molecules can reveal important information for understanding the biology of cancer. Typically, miRNAs are used as features in statistical learning methods in order to train learning models to predict cancer. This motivates us to propose a method that integrates clustering and classification techniques for diverse cancer types with survival analysis via regression to identify miRNAs that can potentially play a crucial role in the prediction of different types of tumors. Our method has two parts. The first part is a feature selection procedure, called the stochastic covariance evolutionary strategy with forward selection (SCES-FS), which is developed by integrating stochastic neighbor embedding (SNE), the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES), and classifiers, with the primary objective of selecting biomarkers. SNE is used to reorder the features by performing an implicit clustering with highly correlated neighboring features. A subset of features is selected heuristically to perform multi-class classification for diverse cancer types. In the second part of our method, the most important features identified in the first part are used to perform survival analysis via Cox regression, primarily to examine the effectiveness of the selected features. For this purpose, we have analyzed next generation sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas in form of miRNA expression of 1,707 samples of 10 different cancer types and 333 normal samples. The SCES-FS method is compared with well-known feature selection methods and it is found to perform better in multi-class classification for the 17 selected miRNAs, achieving an accuracy of 96%. Moreover, the biological significance of the selected miRNAs is demonstrated with the help of network analysis, expression analysis using hierarchical clustering, KEGG pathway analysis, GO enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction analysis. Overall, the results indicate that the 17 selected miRNAs are associated with many key cancer regulators, such as MYC, VEGFA, AKT1, CDKN1A, RHOA, and PTEN, through their targets. Therefore the selected miRNAs can be regarded as putative biomarkers for 10 types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jnanendra Prasad Sarkar
- Data, Analytics & AI, Larsen & Toubro Infotech Ltd., Pune, India
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Indrajit Saha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Adrian Lancucki
- Computational Intelligence Research Group, Institute of Computer Science, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nimisha Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, SOA University, Bhubaneshwar, India
| | - Michal Wlasnowolski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bokota
- Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ashmita Dey
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Piotr Lipinski
- Computational Intelligence Research Group, Institute of Computer Science, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Plewczynski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Leung JY, Chia K, Ong DST, Taneja R. Interweaving Tumor Heterogeneity into the Cancer Epigenetic/Metabolic Axis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:946-965. [PMID: 31841357 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The epigenomic/metabolic landscape in cancer has been studied extensively in the past decade and forms the basis of various drug targets. Yet, cancer treatment remains a challenge, with clinical trials exhibiting limited efficacy and high relapse rates. Patients respond differently to therapy, which is fundamentally attributed to tumor heterogeneity, both across and within tumors. This review focuses on the interactions between the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) and the epigenomic/metabolic axis in cancer, as well as the emerging technologies under development to aid heterogeneity studies. Recent Advances: Interlinks between epigenetics and metabolism in cancer have been reported. Emerging studies have unveiled interactions between the TME and cancer cells that play a critical role in regulating epigenetics and reprogramming cancer metabolism, suggesting a three-way cross talk. Critical Issues: This cross talk accentuates the multiplex nature of cancer, and the importance of considering tumor heterogeneity in various epigenomic/metabolic cancer studies. Future Directions: With the advancement in single-cell profiling, it may be possible to identify cancer subclones and their unique vulnerabilities to develop a multimodal therapy. Drugs targeting the TME are currently being studied, and a better understanding of the TME in regulating cancer epigenetics and metabolism may hold the key to identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu Leung
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kimberly Chia
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Alkarkoushi RR, Hui Y, Tavakoli AS, Singh U, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Chatzistamou I, Bam M, Testerman TL. Immune and microRNA responses to Helicobacter muridarum infection and indole-3-carbinol during colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4763-4785. [PMID: 32921956 PMCID: PMC7459201 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and other aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists are known to modulate the immune system and ameliorate various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in animal models, including colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also gaining traction as potential therapeutic agents or diagnostic elements. Enterohepatic Helicobacter (EHH) species are associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease, but little is known about how these species affect the immune system or response to treatment.
AIM To determine whether infection with an EHH species alters the response to I3C and how the immune and miRNA responses of an EHH species compare with responses to DSS and inflammatory bowel disease.
METHODS We infected C57BL/6 mice with Helicobacter muridarum (H. muridarum), with and without DSS and I3C treatment. Pathological responses were evaluated by histological examination, symptom scores, and cytokine responses. MiRNAs analysis was performed on mesenteric lymph nodes to further evaluate the regional immune response.
RESULTS H. muridarum infection alone caused colonic inflammation and upregulated proinflammatory, macrophage-associated cytokines in the colon similar to changes seen in DSS-treated mice. Further upregulation occurred upon treatment with DSS. H. muridarum infection caused broad changes in mesenteric lymph node miRNA expression, but colitis-associated miRNAs were regulated similarly in H. muridarum-infected and uninfected, DSS-treated mice. In spite of causing colitis exacerbation, H. muridarum infection did not prevent disease amelioration by I3C. I3C normalized both macrophage- and T cell-associated cytokines.
CONCLUSION Thus, I3C may be useful for inflammatory bowel disease patients regardless of EHH infection. The miRNA changes associated with I3C treatment are likely the result of, rather than the cause of immune response changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Raheem Alkarkoushi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Yvonne Hui
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Abbas S Tavakoli
- College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Udai Singh
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Marpe Bam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
| | - Traci L Testerman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States
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24
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Handzlik JE, Tastsoglou S, Vlachos IS, Hatzigeorgiou AG. Manatee: detection and quantification of small non-coding RNAs from next-generation sequencing data. Sci Rep 2020; 10:705. [PMID: 31959833 PMCID: PMC6971259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play important roles in health and disease. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are considered as the most powerful and versatile methodologies to explore small RNA (sRNA) transcriptomes in diverse experimental and clinical studies. Small RNA-Seq (sRNA-Seq) data analysis proved to be challenging due to non-unique genomic origin, short length, and abundant post-transcriptional modifications of sRNA species. Here, we present Manatee, an algorithm for the quantification of sRNA classes and the detection of novel expressed non-coding loci. Manatee combines prior annotation of sRNAs with reliable alignment density information and extensive rescue of usually neglected multimapped reads to provide accurate transcriptome-wide sRNA expression quantification. Comparison of Manatee against state-of-the-art implementations using real and simulated data demonstrates its high accuracy across diverse sRNA classes. Manatee also goes beyond common pipelines by identifying and quantifying expression from unannotated loci and microRNA isoforms (isomiRs). It is user-friendly, can be easily incorporated in pipelines, and provides a simplified output suitable for direct usage in downstream analyses and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Handzlik
- DIANA-Lab, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, 38221, Greece.,Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202, USA
| | - Spyros Tastsoglou
- DIANA-Lab, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, 38221, Greece.,Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 02142, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Artemis G Hatzigeorgiou
- DIANA-Lab, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, 38221, Greece. .,Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, 11521, Greece. .,Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lumia, 35131, Greece.
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25
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Lin J, Jo SB, Kim TH, Kim HW, Chew SY. RNA interference in glial cells for nerve injury treatment. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420939224. [PMID: 32670539 PMCID: PMC7338726 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420939224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drivers of RNA interference are potent for manipulating gene and protein levels, which enable the restoration of dysregulated mRNA expression that is commonly associated with injuries and diseases. This review summarizes the potential of targeting neuroglial cells, using RNA interference, to treat nerve injuries sustained in the central nervous system. In addition, the various methods of delivering these RNA interference effectors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan Lin
- School of Chemical and Biomedical
Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Seung Bin Jo
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration
Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration
Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science
& BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook
University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration
Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science
& BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook
University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine
Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical
Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine,
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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26
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Grieco GE, Brusco N, Licata G, Nigi L, Formichi C, Dotta F, Sebastiani G. Targeting microRNAs as a Therapeutic Strategy to Reduce Oxidative Stress in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246358. [PMID: 31861156 PMCID: PMC6940935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a group of heterogeneous metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia as a consequence of pancreatic β cell loss and/or dysfunction, also caused by oxidative stress. The molecular mechanisms involved inβ cell dysfunction and in response to oxidative stress are also regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of negative gene regulators, which modulate pathologic mechanisms occurring in diabetes and its complications. Although several pharmacological therapies specifically targeting miRNAs have already been developed and brought to the clinic, most previous miRNA-based drug delivery methods were unable to target a specific miRNA in a single cell type or tissue, leading to important off-target effects. In order to overcome these issues, aptamers and nanoparticles have been described as non-cytotoxic vehicles for miRNA-based drug delivery. These approaches could represent an innovative way to specifically target and modulate miRNAs involved in oxidative stress in diabetes and its complications. Therefore, the aims of this review are: (i) to report the role of miRNAs involved in oxidative stress in diabetes as promising therapeutic targets; (ii) to shed light onto the new delivery strategies developed to modulate the expression of miRNAs in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Brusco
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giada Licata
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
- UO Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Formichi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
- UO Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
- UO Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-586269
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, V.le Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.E.G.); (N.B.); (G.L.); (L.N.); (C.F.); (G.S.)
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
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27
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Boen JRA, Gevaert AB, De Keulenaer GW, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Segers VFM. The role of endothelial miRNAs in myocardial biology and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 138:75-87. [PMID: 31756323 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The myocardium is a highly structured pluricellular tissue which is governed by an intricate network of intercellular communication. Endothelial cells are the most abundant cell type in the myocardium and exert crucial roles in both healthy myocardium and during myocardial disease. In the last decade, microRNAs have emerged as new actors in the regulation of cellular function in almost every cell type. Here, we review recent evidence on the regulatory function of different microRNAs expressed in endothelial cells, also called endothelial microRNAs, in healthy and diseased myocardium. Endothelial microRNA emerged as modulators of angiogenesis in the myocardium, they are implicated in the paracrine role of endothelial cells in regulating cardiac contractility and homeostasis, and interfere in the crosstalk between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jente R A Boen
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Andreas B Gevaert
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Gilles W De Keulenaer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, ZNA Middelheim Hospital, Lindendreef 1, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Research group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR Department, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Vincent F M Segers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium; Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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28
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Gecys D, Tatarunas V, Veikutiene A, Lesauskaite V. New potential modulators of CYP4F2 enzyme activity in angina pectoris: hsa-miR-24-3p and hsa-miR-34a-5p. Biomarkers 2019; 25:40-47. [PMID: 31694408 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1690580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To find an association of relative expression of hsa-miR-24-3p and hsa-miR-34a-5p molecules and CYP4F2 enzyme activity in blood plasma of stable angina pectoris (AP) patients'.Materials and Methods: MiRNA gene expression analysis was performed on total RNA extracted from blood plasma, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. CYP4F2 enzyme levels were determined using commercial ELISA kit. In total, 32 AP and 15 control samples were examined.Results: The relative expression of hsa-miR-24-3p and hsa-miR-34a-5p was upregulated by 4.4 (p = 0.0001) and 3.8 (p = 0.005) -fold in AP patient's blood plasma compared to control subjects. CYP4F2 enzyme level in blood plasma were 2.1 (p = 0.001) times lower in AP patients. Circulating hsa-miR-24-3p was negatively associated with CYP4F2 enzyme level (Spearman correlation coefficient rank r= -0.32; p = 0.03). Moreover, patients that were taking atorvastatin, had 1.5 (p = 0.04) times higher hsa-miR-24-3p expression in blood plasma.Conclusions. Our data suggest that hsa-miR-24-3p might have an effect on CYP4F2 activity during atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovydas Gecys
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vacis Tatarunas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Veikutiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaiva Lesauskaite
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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29
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Fadaka AO, Pretorius A, Klein A. MicroRNA Assisted Gene Regulation in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4899. [PMID: 31623294 PMCID: PMC6801675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death and a major public health problem. Nearly 80% CRC cases are diagnosed after the disease have metastasized and are often too advanced for treatment. Small non-coding RNA guides argonaute protein to their specific target for regulation as the sole of RNA induced silencing complex for gene silencing. These non-coding RNA for example microRNA, are thought to play a key role in affecting the efficiency of gene regulation in cancer, especially CRC. Understanding the mechanism at the molecular level could lead to improved diagnosis, treatment, and management decisions for CRC. The study aimed to predict the molecular mechanism of gene regulation based microRNA-mRNA duplex as a lead in the silencing mechanism. Five candidate microRNAs were identified through the in silico approach. The MicroRNA target prediction and subsequent correlation, and prioritization were performed using miRTarBase, gbCRC and CoReCG, and DAVID databases respectively. Protein selection and preparation were carried out using PDB and Schrödinger suits. The molecular docking analysis was performed using PATCHDOCK webserver and visualized by discovery studio visualizer. The results of the study reveal that the candidate microRNAs have strong binding affinity towards their targets suggesting a crucial factor in the silencing mechanism. Furthermore, the molecular docking of the receptor to both the microRNA and microRNA-mRNA duplex were analyzed computationally to understand their interaction at the molecular level. Conclusively, the study provides an explanation for understanding the microRNAs-based gene regulation (silencing mechanism) in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale O Fadaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ashley Pretorius
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
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30
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Amin KN, Umapathy D, Anandharaj A, Ravichandran J, Sasikumar CS, Chandra SKR, Kesavan R, Kunka Mohanram R. miR-23c regulates wound healing by targeting stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α/CXCL12) among patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Microvasc Res 2019; 127:103924. [PMID: 31520606 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is the most common in patients who have diabetic peripheral neuropathy and angiopathy as well as a foot deformity. The delayed process of wound healing in diabetic condition is mainly due to reduced expression of the growth factors, persistent inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. Emerging evidence indicate that miRNAs play a crucial role in regulating angiogenesis, collectively called as "angiomiRs". The present study aimed to screen the expressions of angiomiRs particularly miR23 family and its association with the various angiogenic factors including SDF-1α in the tissue biopsies isolated from DFU patients. Among the 40 enrolled subjects for this study, 10 were subjected in each group as healthy controls, type 2 diabetic subjects (T2DM), T2DM subjects with uninfected DFU, and T2DM subjects with infected DFU. The expression of both the miR23 family such as hsa-miR-23a, hsa-miR-23b, hsa-miR-23c and angiogenic factors such as SDF-1α, HIF-1α, VEGF, eNOS were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissue biopsy samples using qPCR. We found that the angiogenic factor SDF-1α was significantly decreased in both the circulation and tissue biopsies of patients with T2DM and infected DFU. The SDF-1α at the 3'-untranslated region pairs with target miRNAs namely hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-23b-3p and hsa-miR-23c as established using miRNA target prediction algorithm. Further, the tissue-specific expressions of miR-23a and miR-23b were found to be low whereas miR-23c was increased in patients with infected DFU. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that SDF-1α was found to have a significant inverse association with miR-23c. In conclusion, miR-23c may function as a new regulator to inhibit angiogenesis by targeting SDF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Naresh Amin
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhamodharan Umapathy
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunkumar Anandharaj
- Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Pudukkottai Road, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayasuriya Ravichandran
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Changam Sheela Sasikumar
- Department of Podiatry, Hycare Super Speciality Hospital, MMDA Colony, Arumbakkam, Chennai 600 106, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Rajappan Chandra
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Kesavan
- Department of Podiatry, Hycare Super Speciality Hospital, MMDA Colony, Arumbakkam, Chennai 600 106, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram
- Life Science Division, SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Khalid M, Abdollahi M. Epigenetic modifications associated with pathophysiological effects of lead exposure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2019; 37:235-287. [PMID: 31402779 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2019.1640581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure during different stages of development has demonstrated dose, duration, sex, and tissue-specific pathophysiological outcomes due to altered epigenetic regulation via (a) DNA methylation, (b) histone modifications, (c) miRNAs, and (d) chromatin accessibility. Pb-induced alteration of epigenetic regulation causes neurotoxic and extra-neurotoxic pathophysiological outcomes. Neurotoxic effects of Pb include dysfunction of memory and learning, behavioral disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, aging, Alzheimer's disease, tauopathy, and neurodegeneration. Extra-neurotoxic effects of Pb include altered body weight, metabolic disorder, cardiovascular disorders, hematopoietic disorder, and reproductive impairment. Pb exposure either early in life or at any stage of development results in undesirable pathophysiological outcomes that tends to sustain and maintain for a lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Khalid
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Shirjang S, Mansoori B, Asghari S, Duijf PHG, Mohammadi A, Gjerstorff M, Baradaran B. MicroRNAs in cancer cell death pathways: Apoptosis and necroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 139:1-15. [PMID: 31102709 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To protect tissues and the organism from disease, potentially harmful cells are removed through programmed cell death processes, including apoptosis and necroptosis. These types of cell death are critically controlled by microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are short RNA molecules that target and inhibit expression of many cellular regulators, including those controlling programmed cell death via the intrinsic (Bcl-2 and Mcl-1), extrinsic (TRAIL and Fas), p53-and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptotic pathways, as well as the necroptosis cell death pathway. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of apoptosis and necroptosis pathways and how these are impaired in cancer cells. We focus on how miRNAs disrupt apoptosis and necroptosis, thereby critically contributing to malignancy. Understanding which and how miRNAs and their targets affect cell death pathways could open up novel therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients. Indeed, restoration of pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor miRNAs (apoptomiRs) or inhibition of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) represent strategies that are currently being trialed or are already applied as miRNA-based cancer therapies. Therefore, better understanding the cancer type-specific expression of apoptomiRs and oncomiRs and their underlying mechanisms in cell death pathways will not only advance our knowledge, but also continue to provide new opportunities to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Shirjang
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Samira Asghari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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33
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Mechanisms of Inflammasome Signaling, microRNA Induction and Resolution of Inflammation by Helicobacter pylori. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2019; 421:267-302. [PMID: 31123893 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15138-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasome-controlled transcription and subsequent cleavage-mediated activation of mature IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines exemplify a crucial innate immune mechanism to combat intruding pathogens. Helicobacter pylori represents a predominant persistent infection in humans, affecting approximately half of the population worldwide, and is associated with the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Studies in knockout mice have demonstrated that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β plays a central role in gastric tumorigenesis. Infection by H. pylori was recently reported to stimulate the inflammasome both in cells of the mouse and human immune systems. Using mouse models and in vitro cultured cell systems, the bacterial pathogenicity factors and molecular mechanisms of inflammasome activation have been analyzed. On the one hand, it appears that H. pylori-stimulated IL-1β production is triggered by engagement of the immune receptors TLR2 and NLRP3, and caspase-1. On the other hand, microRNA hsa-miR-223-3p is induced by the bacteria, which controls the expression of NLRP3. This regulating effect by H. pylori on microRNA expression was also described for more than 60 additionally identified microRNAs, indicating a prominent role for inflammatory and other responses. Besides TLR2, TLR9 becomes activated by H. pylori DNA and further TLR10 stimulated by the bacteria induce the secretion of IL-8 and TNF, respectively. Interestingly, TLR-dependent pathways can accelerate both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses during H. pylori infection. Balancing from a pro-inflammation to anti-inflammation phenotype results in a reduction in immune attack, allowing H. pylori to persistently colonize and to survive in the gastric niche. In this chapter, we will pinpoint the role of H. pylori in TLR- and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent signaling together with the differential functions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the impact of microRNAs on H. pylori-host interaction will be discussed, and its role in resolution of infection versus chronic infection, as well as in gastric disease development.
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Ai X, Guo X, Wang J, Stancu AL, Joslin PMN, Zhang D, Zhu S. Targeted therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37589-37607. [PMID: 30680072 PMCID: PMC6331020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a serious health problem and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, due to its high incidence and mortality. 85% of lung cancers are represented by the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Traditional chemotherapy has been the main treatment option in NSCLC. However, it is often associated with limited efficacy and overall poor patient survival. In recent years, molecular targeting has achieved great progress in therapeutic treatment of cancer and plays a crucial role in the current clinical treatment of NSCLC, due to enhanced efficacy on cancer tissues and reduced toxicity for normal tissues. In this review, we summarize the current targeting treatment of NSCLC, including inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3Ks), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2), vascular epidermal growth factor receptor (VEGFR), kirsten human rat sarcoma protein (KRAS), mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF). This article may serve as a guide to clinicians and researchers alike by assisting in making therapeutic decisions. Challenges of acquired drug resistance targeted therapy and imminent newer treatment modalities against NSCLC are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ai
- National Key Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jun Wang
- National Key Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Andreea L Stancu
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick M N Joslin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shudong Zhu
- National Key Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Argus Pharmaceuticals, Changsha, China
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Platelet-Rich Plasma Accelerates Bone Differentiation in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An Experimental Study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.81828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Singhvi G, Manchanda P, Krishna Rapalli V, Kumar Dubey S, Gupta G, Dua K. MicroRNAs as biological regulators in skin disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:996-1004. [PMID: 30372911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are being investigated as promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers for different disease conditions. miRNAs serve as essential regulators of cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. The involvement of miRNAs in the functioning and regulation of the skin cells and skin diseases is a rapidly advancing area in dermatological research. miRNAs have been identified to play a key role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of the skin diseases. Skin is one of the largest organs of the body, primarily functioning as the first line of defence against external insults including bacteria, virus and other pathogens. Various miRNAs have been identified to demonstrate significant effects in various skin inflammatory conditions such as wounds, cancer, psoriasis, scleroderma, dermatomyositis. The current review explores the possible roles of the miRNAs in skin disorders and reports relating to the clinical trials involving skin diseases and miRNAs. The review has also compiled the information of the databases available, which correlates the miRNAs with different diseases and give details about targeting interactions of miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
| | - Prachi Manchanda
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Rapalli
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017, Jaipur, India.
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
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Han Y, Li H. miRNAs as biomarkers and for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:3119-3131. [PMID: 29997981 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.05.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the most common cause of cancer death globally, of which 85% is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early detection of NSCLC is essential to identify potential individuals for radical cure. Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is recommended as standard screening with a mortality reduction of 20%, it displays a high false positive rate that poses an issue of overdiagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs acting as important regulators in post-transcriptional gene expression and have been studied for their extensive role as novel biomarkers in NSCLC. Herein, we discuss the miRNA biology, its role in cancer, the potential of biomarkers both in cancer and NSCLC, and promising current publications of diagnostic biomarkers for early detection in NSCLC, especially studies in order to complement LDCT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Therapeutic prospects of microRNAs in cancer treatment through nanotechnology. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 8:97-110. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kovarikova H, Bubancova I, Laco J, Sieglova K, Vosmikova H, Vosmik M, Dundr P, Nemejcova K, Michalek J, Palicka V, Chmelarova M. Deregulation of selected microRNAs in sinonasal carcinoma: Value of miR-21 as prognostic biomarker in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2017; 39:2528-2536. [PMID: 28960576 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors occurring in the sinonasal area are characterized by unfavorable outcome due to difficult diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disease corresponding with the anatomic complexity of the area. METHODS We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to compare relative expression of miR-21, miR-141, and miR-200c in 70 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of sinonasal carcinoma tissue (majority of squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] samples) with 17 control samples of sinonasal tissue. RESULTS Our data showed significant upregulation of miR-21 in sinonasal cancer tissue. Expression levels of miR-141 and miR-200c were below detectable levels in both sinonasal cancer samples and healthy tissue. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank survival showed that patients with SCC with high expression of miR-21 (highest quartile) had impaired survival close to reaching statistical significance (P = .0630). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that miR-21 upregulation is involved in tumorigenesis of sinonasal carcinoma and that it is associated with poor prognosis. Thus, miR-21 could be used as a valuable prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kovarikova
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Bubancova
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Sieglova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vosmikova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Vosmik
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dundr
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Nemejcova
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Michalek
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Palicka
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Chmelarova
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Dai X, Cai Y. Down-regulation of microRNA let-7d inhibits the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells in preeclampsia. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1141-1151. [PMID: 28703916 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication that continues to adverse effects on mother and the fetus. The study investigated the effect of microRNA let-7d (miR-let-7d) on the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells (TC) in PE. In situ hybridization techniques were employed to evaluate the miR-let-7d expressions in the placental tissues from 63 PE patients as well as 65 normal placental tissues. Transfection of pre-let-7d, anti-let-7d, and their corresponding control sequences was performed in TCs obtained from PE. The blank group was composed of TCs no transfection and normal group consisted of normal TCs. Expressions of proliferation and invasion markers in TCs were detected by qRT-PCR. Proliferation, apoptosis, and the invasion ability of the TCs were determined using a CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. In comparison to the normal placental tissues, PE placental tissues exhibited increased levels of let-7d expression. Following transfection of anti-let-7d, when compared with the blank group, the anti-let-7d group displayed increased levels of proliferation ability, expression of proliferation labeling proteins PCNA and Ki67, number of TCs as well as expressions of the invasion related proteins MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1. In contrast declines in cell apoptosis rate were observed. Compared with the blank group, the changes of the indexes were reversed in the pre-let-7d group. The study provided evidence suggesting that low expression levels of miR-let-7d plays a central role in suppressing apoptosis in addition to promoting the proliferation and invasion of PE TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of, Obstetrics, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Chen S, Feng B, Thomas AA, Chakrabarti S. miR-146a regulates glucose induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines extracellular matrix proteins in the retina and kidney in diabetes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173918. [PMID: 28301595 PMCID: PMC5354466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemic damage to the endothelial cells (ECs) leads to increased synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown miR-146a downregulation in ECs and in the tissues of diabetic mice. Here we investigated the role of miR-146a, in the production of specific inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in retina and kidneys in diabetes. We generated an endothelial specific miR-146a overexpressing transgenic mice (TG). We investigated these mice and wild type (WT) controls with or without streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes. Retinal and renal cortical tissues from the mice were examined for mRNAs for specific inflammatory markers, (ECM) proteins and inflammation inducible transcription factor by real time RT-PCR. Corresponding proteins, where possible, were examined using immunofluorescence or ELISA. In parallel, we examined ECs following incubation with various levels of glucose with or without miR-146a mimic transfection. In the retina and kidneys of WT mice with diabetes, increased expression of inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα, IL1β) in association augmented expression of ECM proteins (collagen 1αIV, fibronectin) and NF κB-P65 were observed, compared to WT non-diabetic controls. These changes were prevented in diabetic miR-146a TG mice along with retinal and renal functional and structural changes. In vitro studies showed similar changes in the ECs exposed to high glucose. Such changes were corrected in the cells following miR-146a mimic transfection. Further analyses of renal cortical tissues showed diabetes induced significant upregulation of two regulators of NFκB, namely Interleukin-1 associated Kinase 1 and tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factor. Such changes were prevented in diabetic TG animals. These data indicate that augmented production of inflammatory cytokines and ECM proteins in the retina and kidneys in diabetes are regulated through endothelium derived miR-146a. Identification of such novel mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shali Chen
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London ON, Canada
| | - Biao Feng
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London ON, Canada
| | - Anu Alice Thomas
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London ON, Canada
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London ON, Canada
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miR-3156-3p is downregulated in HPV-positive cervical cancer and performs as a tumor-suppressive miRNA. Virol J 2017; 14:20. [PMID: 28160779 PMCID: PMC5291972 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer in females in developing countries. The two viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 mediate the oncogenic activities of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), and HR-HPV, especially HPV16 or/and HPV18 (HPV16/18) play critical roles in CC through different pathways. microRNAs (miRNAs) may be associated with CC pathogenesis. Researches have indicated that human papillomavirus (HPV) may regulate cellular miRNA expression through viral E6 and E7. Herein, the purposes of this study were to identify the relationship between HPV infection and aberrantly expressed miRNAs and to investigate their pathogenic roles in CC. Methods miRNA expression was assessed using a microRNAs microarray in HPV16 E6- and E7-integrated HPV-negative HT-3 cell lines and mock vector-transfected HT-3 cells. The microarray results were validated, and the expression of miR-3156-3p was identified in HPV-positive and -negative CC cell lines as well as primary CC and normal cervical epithelium tissues using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), flow cytometry, transwell analysis, tube formation, and Western blotting were used to identify the functional role of miR-3156-3p in CaSki, SiHa, and HeLa cell lines. Results Six underexpressed microRNAs (miR-3156-3p, 6779-3p, 4779-3p, 6841-3p, 454-5p and 656-5p) were consistently identified in HPV16 E6- and E7-integrated HT-3 cells. Further investigation confirmed a significant decrease of miR-3156-3p in HPV16/18 positive CC lesions. CCK8, flow cytometry, transwell analysis, tube formation assays, and Western blotting of the CC cell lines with miR-3156-3p over/under-expression in vitro showed that miR-3156-3p was involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, neovascularization, and SLC6A6 regulation. Conclusions Our findings indicate that miR-3156-3p plays a suppressor-miRNA role in CC and that its expression is associated with HR-HPV infection.
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Missiaglia E, Shepherd CJ, Aladowicz E, Olmos D, Selfe J, Pierron G, Delattre O, Walters Z, Shipley J. MicroRNA and gene co-expression networks characterize biological and clinical behavior of rhabdomyosarcomas. Cancer Lett 2016; 385:251-260. [PMID: 27984116 PMCID: PMC5157784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) in children and adolescents are heterogeneous sarcomas broadly defined by skeletal muscle features and the presence/absence of PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion genes. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a cell context specific manner. Sequencing analyses of microRNAs in 64 RMS revealed expression patterns separating skeletal muscle, fusion gene positive and negative RMS. Integration with parallel gene expression data assigned biological functions to 12 co-expression networks/modules that reassuringly included myogenic roles strongly correlated with microRNAs known in myogenesis and RMS development. Modules also correlated with clinical outcome and fusion status. Regulation of microRNAs by the fusion protein was demonstrated after PAX3-FOXO1 reduction, exemplified by miR-9-5p. MiR-9-5p levels correlated with poor outcome, even within fusion gene positive RMS, and were higher in metastatic versus non-metastatic disease. MiR-9-5p reduction inhibited RMS cell migration. Our findings reveal microRNAs in a regulatory framework of biological and clinical significance in RMS. RNAseq profiled miRNA expression in 64 rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS). MiRNA expression distinguished muscle and RMS on the basis of fusion gene status. Co-expression networks linked to function, clinical data and fusion gene status. Identified miRNAs, including miR-9-5p, altered by the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein. Demonstrated clinical and functional role for miR-9-5p in RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Missiaglia
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Chris J Shepherd
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ewa Aladowicz
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - David Olmos
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joanna Selfe
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Gaëlle Pierron
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Zoe Walters
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Janet Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
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Vasilescu C, Tanase M, Dragomir M, Calin GA. From mobility to crosstalk. A model of intracellular miRNAs motion may explain the RNAs interaction mechanism on the basis of target subcellular localization. Math Biosci 2016; 280:50-61. [PMID: 27498347 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), 22 nucleotides long molecules with the function to reduce gene expression by inhibiting mRNA translation through partial complementary to one or more messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. A single miRNA can reduce the expression levels of hundreds of genes and one mRNA can be a target for many miRNAs. Despite the study models used so far, miRNAs and mRNAs cannot be seen as acting in an isolated manner or even "in pairs". They most likely exert their complex actions through numerous overlapping interrelations. One of the models depicting interdependence of intracytoplasmic RNAs is the crosstalk model. It is based on a competition between several target mRNAs which are regulated by the same miRNA. In this paper, we will discuss the mobility mechanism of miRNAs, recently suggested by data from "single particle tracking" experiments. These data suggests that miRNA intracellular mobility may be of "intermittent active transport"(IAT) type. IAT is a mobility model composed by alternation of active transport (AT) and Brownian motion (BM). Based on a mathematical model, we concluded that, AT phase may explain the efficiency in reaching far targets and the BM phase may explain the competition. Furthermore, we suggest that the interaction between miRNAs and their targets depends on the concentration of the molecules, the affinity between the molecules and also on the intracellular localization of the molecules. Hence, the probability that a miRNA interacts with its target depends also on the distance to the target and the macromolecular crowding. Taken together, our data proposes an intracytoplasmic mobility mechanism for miRNA and shows that this model can partially explain the RNA crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin Vasilescu
- Department of Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Hospital, 258 Fundeni Street, Bucharest, 22328, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bulevardul Eroii Sanitari 8, Bucharest 050474, Romania.
| | - Mihai Tanase
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenei 313, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
| | - Mihnea Dragomir
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bulevardul Eroii Sanitari 8, Bucharest 050474, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; The Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNAs, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, So Campus Research Bldg 3 (3SCR4.3424), 1881 East Road, Unit 1950, Houston 77030, TX, USA
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Wang YY, Wu ZY, Wang GC, Liu K, Niu XB, Gu S, Meng JS. LINC00312 inhibits the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by targeting miR-197-3p. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14553-14563. [PMID: 27631965 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the influence of the long non-coding RNA LINC00312 on bladder cancer (BC) cell invasion and metastasis by targeting miR-197-3p. BC and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected. LINC00312 and miR-197-3p were measured, and their correlation was detected through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). BC cell line T24 was transfected and grouped (five groups) according to different transfection conditions. A scratch test was applied to analyze cell migration, and a Transwell assay was used to test cell invasion ability. Western blotting was to measure matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) protein levels. qRT-PCR indicated that LINC00312 expression was lower but miR-197-3p expression was higher in BC tissues compared with adjacent tissues; LINC00312 was negatively correlated with miR-197-3p. The migration test revealed that the downregulation of miR-197-3p and overexpression of LINC00312 inhibited cell migration and invasion abilities, while the overexpression of miR-197-3p and the upregulation of LINC00312 promoted cell migration and invasion. BC cells with downregulated miR-197-3p or upregulated LINC00312 had low MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels but high TIMP2. LINC00312 inhibited BC cell invasion and metastasis through mediating miR-197-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yu Wu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an Hospital affiliated of Xuzhou Medical College, Huai'an, 223002, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong-Cheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Niu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Gu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Song Meng
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Beijing West Road, 223300, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Bucur O. microRNA regulators of apoptosis in cancer. Discoveries (Craiova) 2016; 4:e57. [PMID: 32309578 PMCID: PMC7159826 DOI: 10.15190/d.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This brief review summarizes our current knowledge on the microRNAs that regulate apoptosis machinery and are potentially involved in the dysregulation or deregulation of apoptosis, a well known hallmark of cancer. microRNAs are critical regulators of the most important cellular processes, including apoptosis. Expression of microRNAs is found to be dysregulated in many malignancies, leading to apoptosis inhibition in cancer, or resistance to current therapies. To date, there are over 80 microRNAs directly involved in apoptosis regulation or dysregulation that can impact cancer detection, initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis or resistance to anti-cancer therapy. Development of microRNA-based therapeutic strategies is now taking shape in the clinic. Thus, these microRNAs represent potential targets or tools for cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavian Bucur
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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