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Martínez-Gallego I, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Adenosine and Cortical Plasticity. Neuroscientist 2024:10738584241236773. [PMID: 38497585 DOI: 10.1177/10738584241236773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Brain plasticity is the ability of the nervous system to change its structure and functioning in response to experiences. These changes occur mainly at synaptic connections, and this plasticity is named synaptic plasticity. During postnatal development, environmental influences trigger changes in synaptic plasticity that will play a crucial role in the formation and refinement of brain circuits and their functions in adulthood. One of the greatest challenges of present neuroscience is to try to explain how synaptic connections change and cortical maps are formed and modified to generate the most suitable adaptive behavior after different external stimuli. Adenosine is emerging as a key player in these plastic changes at different brain areas. Here, we review the current knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the induction and duration of synaptic plasticity at different postnatal brain development stages in which adenosine, probably released by astrocytes, directly participates in the induction of long-term synaptic plasticity and in the control of the duration of plasticity windows at different cortical synapses. In addition, we comment on the role of the different adenosine receptors in brain diseases and on the potential therapeutic effects of acting via adenosine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez-Gallego
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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2
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Xie RG, Xu GY, Wu SX, Luo C. Presynaptic glutamate receptors in nociception. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108539. [PMID: 37783347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a frequent, distressing and poorly understood health problem. Plasticity of synaptic transmission in the nociceptive pathways after inflammation or injury is assumed to be an important cellular basis for chronic, pathological pain. Glutamate serves as the main excitatory neurotransmitter at key synapses in the somatosensory nociceptive pathways, in which it acts on both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Although conventionally postsynaptic, compelling anatomical and physiological evidence demonstrates the presence of presynaptic glutamate receptors in the nociceptive pathways. Presynaptic glutamate receptors play crucial roles in nociceptive synaptic transmission and plasticity. They modulate presynaptic neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity, which in turn regulates pain sensitization. In this review, we summarize the latest understanding of the expression of presynaptic glutamate receptors in the nociceptive pathways, and how they contribute to nociceptive information processing and pain hypersensitivity associated with inflammation / injury. We uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms of presynaptic glutamate receptors in shaping synaptic transmission and plasticity to mediate pain chronicity, which may provide therapeutic approaches for treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou-Gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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3
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Andrade-Talavera Y, Fisahn A, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Timing to be precise? An overview of spike timing-dependent plasticity, brain rhythmicity, and glial cells interplay within neuronal circuits. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2177-2188. [PMID: 36991134 PMCID: PMC10611582 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In the mammalian brain information processing and storage rely on the complex coding and decoding events performed by neuronal networks. These actions are based on the computational ability of neurons and their functional engagement in neuronal assemblies where precise timing of action potential firing is crucial. Neuronal circuits manage a myriad of spatially and temporally overlapping inputs to compute specific outputs that are proposed to underly memory traces formation, sensory perception, and cognitive behaviors. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) and electrical brain rhythms are suggested to underlie such functions while the physiological evidence of assembly structures and mechanisms driving both processes continues to be scarce. Here, we review foundational and current evidence on timing precision and cooperative neuronal electrical activity driving STDP and brain rhythms, their interactions, and the emerging role of glial cells in such processes. We also provide an overview of their cognitive correlates and discuss current limitations and controversies, future perspectives on experimental approaches, and their application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - André Fisahn
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013, Seville, Spain.
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4
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Andrade-Talavera Y, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Prius-Mengual J, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Neuronal and astrocyte determinants of critical periods of plasticity. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00105-4. [PMID: 37202300 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Windows of plasticity allow environmental experiences to produce intense activity-dependent changes during postnatal development. The reordering and refinement of neural connections occurs during these periods, significantly influencing the formation of brain circuits and physiological processes in adults. Recent advances have shed light on factors that determine the onset and duration of sensitive and critical periods of plasticity. Although GABAergic inhibition has classically been implicated in closing windows of plasticity, astrocytes and adenosinergic inhibition have also emerged more recently as key determinants of the duration of these periods of plasticity. Here, we review novel aspects of the involvement of GABAergic inhibition, the possible role of presynaptic NMDARs, and the emerging roles of astrocytes and adenosinergic inhibition in determining the duration of windows of plasticity in different brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Mikel Pérez-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - José Prius-Mengual
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain.
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Olivero G, Grilli M, Marchi M, Pittaluga A. Metamodulation of presynaptic NMDA receptors: New perspectives for pharmacological interventions. Neuropharmacology 2023; 234:109570. [PMID: 37146939 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Metamodulation shifted the scenario of the central neuromodulation from a simplified unimodal model to a multimodal one. It involves different receptors/membrane proteins physically associated or merely colocalized that act in concert to control the neuronal functions influencing each other. Defects or maladaptation of metamodulation would subserve neuropsychiatric disorders or even synaptic adaptations relevant to drug dependence. Therefore, this "vulnerability" represents a main issue to be deeply analyzed to predict its aetiopathogenesis, but also to propose targeted pharmaceutical interventions. The review focusses on presynaptic release-regulating NMDA receptors and on some of the mechanisms of their metamodulation described in the literature. Attention is paid to the interactors, including both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, transporters and intracellular proteins, which metamodulate their responsiveness in physiological conditions but also undergo adaptation that are relevant to neurological dysfunctions. All these structures are attracting more and more the interest as promising druggable targets for the treatment of NMDAR-related central diseases: these substances would not exert on-off control of the colocalized NMDA receptors (as usually observed with NMDAR full agonists/antagonists), but rather modulate their functions, with the promise of limiting side effects that would favor their translation from preclinic to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Grilli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 16148, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Mario Marchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148, Genoa, Italy; Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 16148, Genoa, Italy
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Peng H, Jia J, Lu Y, Zheng H. Isoflurane Rescue Schizophrenia-Related Deficits through Parvalbumin-Positive Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112759. [PMID: 36359279 PMCID: PMC9687200 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of volatile anesthetics on mental diseases, particularly schizophrenia, have gained considerable interest. Although isoflurane is a commonly used volatile anesthetic, there’s no more evidence that it could work on treating schizophrenia. Here, we discovered that inhaling isoflurane at low concentrations might reverse the behavioral phenotypes of schizophrenia caused by MK801, such as hyperlocomotion, pre-pulse inhibition impairment, and working memory loss. Isoflurane also helped recovering adult neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity impairments in the dentate gyrus (DG) induced by MK801. To better understand the mechanism, we discovered that isoflurane could reverse the reduction of parvalbumin (PV)-positive GABAergic interneuron (PVI) number and the aberration of NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in the DG; however, isoflurane could not reverse the schizophrenia-related phenotypes caused by PVI ablation, indicating that PVI are necessary for the therapeutic effect of isoflurane. Interestingly, isoflurane could reverse phenotypes caused by blocking PVIs GABA release in the DG, indicating the therapeutic impact is independent of PVI GABA release. Our research revealed that isoflurane might be used to treat schizophrenia, possibly through PVI in the DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.Z.)
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Martínez-Gallego I, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Coatl-Cuaya H, Flores G, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Adenosine and Astrocytes Determine the Developmental Dynamics of Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity in the Somatosensory Cortex. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6038-6052. [PMID: 35768208 PMCID: PMC9351642 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0115-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During development, critical periods of synaptic plasticity facilitate the reordering and refinement of neural connections, allowing the definitive synaptic circuits responsible for correct adult physiology to be established. The L4-L2/3 synapses in the somatosensory cortex (S1) exhibit a presynaptic form of spike timing-dependent long-term depression (t-LTD) that probably fulfills a role in synaptic refinement. This t-LTD persists until the fourth postnatal week in mice, disappearing thereafter. When we investigated the mechanisms underlying this maturation-related loss of t-LTD in either sex mouse slices, we found that it could be completely recovered by antagonizing adenosine type 1 receptors. By contrast, an agonist of A1R impeded the induction of t-LTD at P13-27. Furthermore, we found that the adenosine that mediated the loss of t-LTD at the end of the fourth week of development is most probably supplied by astrocytes. At more mature stages (P38-60), we found that the protocol used to induce t-LTD provokes t-LTP. We characterized the mechanisms underlying the induction of this form of LTP, and we found it to be expressed presynaptically, as witnessed by paired-pulse and coefficient of variation analysis. In addition, this form of presynaptic t-LTP requires the activation of NMDARs and mGlu1Rs, and the entry of Ca2+ into the postsynaptic neuron through L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Nitric oxide is also required for t-LTP as a messenger in the postsynaptic neuron as are the adenosine and glutamate that are released in association with astrocyte signaling. These results provide direct evidence of the mechanisms that close the window of plasticity associated with t-LTD and that drive the switch in synaptic transmission from t-LTD to t-LTP at L4-L2/3 synapses, in which astrocytes play a central role.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT During development, critical periods of plasticity facilitate the reordering and refining of neural connections, allowing correct adult physiology to be established. The L4-L2/3 synapses in the somatosensory cortex exhibit a presynaptic form plasticity (LTD) that probably fulfills a role in synaptic refinement. It is present until the fourth postnatal week in mice, disappearing thereafter. The mechanisms that are responsible for this loss of plasticity are not clear. We describe here these mechanisms and those involved in the switch from LTD to LTP observed as the brain matures. Defining these events responsible for closing (and opening) plasticity windows may be important for brain repair, sensorial recovery, the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders, and for educational policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez-Gallego
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Mikel Pérez-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Heriberto Coatl-Cuaya
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla CP 72570, México
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
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Role of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147807. [PMID: 35887155 PMCID: PMC9317389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein-coupled receptors that exhibit enormous diversity in their expression patterns, sequence homology, pharmacology, biophysical properties and signaling pathways in the brain. In general, mGluRs modulate different traits of neuronal physiology, including excitability and plasticity processes. Particularly, group I mGluRs located at the pre- or postsynaptic compartments are involved in spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) at hippocampal and neocortical synapses. Their roles of participating in the underlying mechanisms for detection of activity coincidence in STDP induction are debated, and diverse findings support models involving mGluRs in STDP forms in which NMDARs do not operate as classical postsynaptic coincidence detectors. Here, we briefly review the involvement of group I mGluRs in STDP and their possible role as coincidence detectors.
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9
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Presynaptic NMDA Receptors Influence Ca2+ Dynamics by Interacting with Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels during the Induction of Long-Term Depression. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:2900875. [PMID: 35178084 PMCID: PMC8844386 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2900875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spike-timing-dependent long-term depression (t-LTD) of glutamatergic layer (L)4-L2/3 synapses in developing neocortex requires activation of astrocytes by endocannabinoids (eCBs), which release glutamate onto presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs). The exact function of preNMDARs in this context is still elusive and strongly debated. To elucidate their function, we show that bath application of the eCB 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) induces a preNMDAR-dependent form of chemically induced LTD (eCB-LTD) in L2/3 pyramidal neurons in the juvenile somatosensory cortex of rats. Presynaptic Ca2+ imaging from L4 spiny stellate axons revealed that action potential (AP) evoked Ca2+ transients show a preNMDAR-dependent broadening during eCB-LTD induction. However, blockade of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) did not uncover direct preNMDAR-mediated Ca2+ transients in the axon. This suggests that astrocyte-mediated glutamate release onto preNMDARs does not result in a direct Ca2+ influx, but that it instead leads to an indirect interaction with presynaptic VDCCs, boosting axonal Ca2+ influx. These results reveal one of the main remaining missing pieces in the signaling cascade of t-LTD at developing cortical synapses.
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Watkins JC, Evans RH, Bayés À, Booker SA, Gibb A, Mabb AM, Mayer M, Mellor JR, Molnár E, Niu L, Ortega A, Pankratov Y, Ramos-Vicente D, Rodríguez-Campuzano A, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Wang LY, Wang YT, Wollmuth L, Wyllie DJA, Zhuo M, Frenguelli BG. 21st century excitatory amino acid research: A Q & A with Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans. Neuropharmacology 2021; 198:108743. [PMID: 34363811 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In 1981 Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans wrote what was to become a seminal review on excitatory amino acids (EAAs) and their receptors (Watkins and Evans, 1981). Bringing together various lines of evidence dating back over several decades on: the distribution in the nervous system of putative amino acid neurotransmitters; enzymes involved in their production and metabolism; the uptake and release of amino acids; binding of EAAs to membranes; the pharmacological action of endogenous excitatory amino acids and their synthetic analogues, and notably the actions of antagonists for the excitations caused by both nerve stimulation and exogenous agonists, often using pharmacological tools developed by Jeff and his colleagues, they provided a compelling account for EAAs, especially l-glutamate, as a bona fide neurotransmitter in the nervous system. The rest, as they say, is history, but far from being consigned to history, EAA research is in rude health well into the 21st Century as this series of Special Issues of Neuropharmacology exemplifies. With EAAs and their receptors flourishing across a wide range of disciplines and clinical conditions, we enter into a dialogue with two of the most prominent and influential figures in the early days of EAA research: Jeff Watkins and Dick Evans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Àlex Bayés
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sam A Booker
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Alasdair Gibb
- Research Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Angela M Mabb
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mark Mayer
- Bldg 35A, Room 3D-904, 35A Convent Drive, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jack R Mellor
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Elek Molnár
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Li Niu
- Chemistry Department, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yuriy Pankratov
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - David Ramos-Vicente
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Lu-Yang Wang
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Lonnie Wollmuth
- Depts. of Neurobiology & Behavior and Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5230, USA
| | - David J A Wyllie
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Min Zhuo
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, 266000, China
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11
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Falcón-Moya R, Martínez-Gallego I, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Kainate receptor modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the CA2 region of the hippocampus. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1083-1093. [PMID: 34293825 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kainate (KA) receptors (KARs) are important modulators of synaptic transmission. We studied here the role of KARs on glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the CA2 region of the hippocampus where the actions of these receptors are unknown. We observed that KA depresses glutamatergic synaptic transmission at Schaffer collateral-CA2 synapses; an effect that was antagonized by NBQX (a KA/AMPA receptors antagonist) under condition where AMPA receptors were previously blocked. The study of paired-pulse facilitation ratio, miniature responses, and fluctuation analysis indicated a presynaptic locus of action for KAR. Additionally, we determined the action mechanism for this depression of glutamate release mediated by the activation of KARs. We found that inhibition of protein kinase A suppressed the effect of KAR activation on evoked excitatory post-synaptic current, an effect that was not suppressed by protein kinase C inhibitors. Furthermore, in the presence of Pertussis toxin, the depression of glutamate release mediated by KAR activation was not present, invoking the participation of a Gi/o protein in this modulation. Finally, the KAR-mediated depression of glutamate release was not suppressed by treatments that affect calcium entry trough voltage-dependent calcium channels or calcium release from intracellular stores. We conclude that KARs present at these synapses mediate a depression of glutamate release through a mechanism that involves the activation of G protein and protein kinase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Falcón-Moya
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez-Gallego
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Metabotropic actions of kainate receptors modulating glutamate release. Neuropharmacology 2021; 197:108696. [PMID: 34274351 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Presynaptic kainate (KA) receptors (KARs) modulate GABA and glutamate release in the central nervous system of mammals. While some of the actions of KARs are ionotropic, metabotropic actions for these receptors have also been seen to modulate both GABA and glutamate release. In general, presynaptic KARs modulate glutamate release through their metabotropic actions in a biphasic manner, with low KA concentrations producing an increase in glutamate release and higher concentrations of KA driving weaker release of this neurotransmitter. Different molecular mechanisms are involved in this modulation of glutamate release, with a G-protein independent, Ca2+-calmodulin adenylate cyclase (AC) and protein kinase A (PKA) dependent mechanism facilitating glutamate release, and a G-protein, AC and PKA dependent mechanism mediating the decrease in neurotransmitter release. Here, we describe the events underlying the KAR modulation of glutamatergic transmission in different brain regions, addressing the possible functions of this modulation and proposing future research lines in this field.
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13
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Negrete-Díaz JV, Falcón-Moya R, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Kainate receptors: from synaptic activity to disease. FEBS J 2021; 289:5074-5088. [PMID: 34143566 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are glutamate receptors that participate in the postsynaptic transmission of information and in the control of neuronal excitability, as well as presynaptically modulating the release of the neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate. These modulatory effects, general follow a biphasic pattern, with low KA concentrations provoking an increase in GABA and glutamate release, and higher concentrations mediating a decrease in the release of these neurotransmitters. In addition, KARs are involved in different forms of long- and short-term plasticity. Importantly, altered activity of these receptors has been implicated in different central nervous system diseases and disturbances. Here, we describe the pre- and postsynaptic actions of KARs, and the possible role of these receptors in disease, a field that has seen significant progress in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vicente Negrete-Díaz
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.,Laboratorio de Psicología Experimental y Neurociencias, División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, México
| | - Rafael Falcón-Moya
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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14
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Andrade-Talavera Y, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Synaptic Plasticity and Oscillations in Alzheimer's Disease: A Complex Picture of a Multifaceted Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:696476. [PMID: 34220451 PMCID: PMC8248350 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.696476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain plasticity is widely accepted as the core neurophysiological basis of memory and is generally defined by activity-dependent changes in synaptic efficacy, such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). By using diverse induction protocols like high-frequency stimulation (HFS) or spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP), such crucial cognition-relevant plastic processes are shown to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In AD, the severity of the cognitive impairment also correlates with the level of disruption of neuronal network dynamics. Currently under debate, the named amyloid hypothesis points to amyloid-beta peptide 1–42 (Aβ42) as the trigger of the functional deviations underlying cognitive impairment in AD. However, there are missing functional mechanistic data that comprehensively dissect the early subtle changes that lead to synaptic dysfunction and subsequent neuronal network collapse in AD. The convergence of the study of both, mechanisms underlying brain plasticity, and neuronal network dynamics, may represent the most efficient approach to address the early triggering and aberrant mechanisms underlying the progressive clinical cognitive impairment in AD. Here we comment on the emerging integrative roles of brain plasticity and network oscillations in AD research and on the future perspectives of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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15
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Wu Y, Williams J, Calder EDD, Walport LJ. Strategies to expand peptide functionality through hybridisation with a small molecule component. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:151-165. [PMID: 34458778 PMCID: PMC8341444 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00167h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining different compound classes gives molecular hybrids that can offer access to novel chemical space and unique properties. Peptides provide ideal starting points for such molecular hybrids, which can be easily modified with a variety of molecular entities. The addition of small molecules can improve the potency, stability and cell permeability of therapeutically relevant peptides. Furthermore, they are often applied to create peptide-based tools in chemical biology. In this review, we discuss general methods that allow the discovery of this compound class and highlight key examples of peptide-small molecule hybrids categorised by the application and function of the small molecule entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuteng Wu
- Protein-Protein Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London London UK
| | - Jack Williams
- Protein-Protein Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London London UK
| | - Ewen D D Calder
- Protein-Protein Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London London UK
| | - Louise J Walport
- Protein-Protein Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London London UK
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16
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Wong HHW, Rannio S, Jones V, Thomazeau A, Sjöström PJ. NMDA receptors in axons: there's no coincidence. J Physiol 2020; 599:367-387. [PMID: 33141440 DOI: 10.1113/jp280059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the textbook view, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are postsynaptically located detectors of coincident activity in Hebbian learning. However, controversial presynaptically located NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) have for decades been repeatedly reported in the literature. These preNMDARs have typically been implicated in the regulation of short-term and long-term plasticity, but precisely how they signal and what their functional roles are have been poorly understood. The functional roles of preNMDARs across several brain regions and different forms of plasticity can differ vastly, with recent discoveries showing key involvement of unusual subunit composition. Increasing evidence shows preNMDAR can signal through both ionotropic action by fluxing calcium and in metabotropic mode even in the presence of magnesium blockade. We argue that these unusual properties may explain why controversy has surrounded this receptor type. In addition, the expression of preNMDARs at some synapse types but not others can underlie synapse-type-specific plasticity. Last but not least, preNMDARs are emerging therapeutic targets in disease states such as neuropathic pain. We conclude that axonally located preNMDARs are required for specific purposes and do not end up there by accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hovy Ho-Wai Wong
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Sabine Rannio
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Victoria Jones
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurore Thomazeau
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - P Jesper Sjöström
- Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1A4, Canada
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17
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Manninen T, Saudargiene A, Linne ML. Astrocyte-mediated spike-timing-dependent long-term depression modulates synaptic properties in the developing cortex. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008360. [PMID: 33170856 PMCID: PMC7654831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes have been shown to modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity in specific cortical synapses, but our understanding of the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remains limited. Here we present a new biophysicochemical model of a somatosensory cortical layer 4 to layer 2/3 synapse to study the role of astrocytes in spike-timing-dependent long-term depression (t-LTD) in vivo. By applying the synapse model and electrophysiological data recorded from rodent somatosensory cortex, we show that a signal from a postsynaptic neuron, orchestrated by endocannabinoids, astrocytic calcium signaling, and presynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors coupled with calcineurin signaling, induces t-LTD which is sensitive to the temporal difference between post- and presynaptic firing. We predict for the first time the dynamics of astrocyte-mediated molecular mechanisms underlying t-LTD and link complex biochemical networks at presynaptic, postsynaptic, and astrocytic sites to the time window of t-LTD induction. During t-LTD a single astrocyte acts as a delay factor for fast neuronal activity and integrates fast neuronal sensory processing with slow non-neuronal processing to modulate synaptic properties in the brain. Our results suggest that astrocytes play a critical role in synaptic computation during postnatal development and are of paramount importance in guiding the development of brain circuit functions, learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Manninen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ausra Saudargiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marja-Leena Linne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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18
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Mateos-Aparicio P, Bello SA, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Challenges in Physiological Phenotyping of hiPSC-Derived Neurons: From 2D Cultures to 3D Brain Organoids. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:797. [PMID: 32984317 PMCID: PMC7479826 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-derived neurons) offer novel opportunities for the development of preclinical models of human neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Recent advances in the past few years have increased substantially the potential of these techniques and have uncovered new challenges that the field is facing. Here, we outline and discuss challenges related to the functional characterization of hiPSC-derived neurons and propose ways to overcome current difficulties. In particular, the enormous variability among studies in the electrical properties of hiPSC-derived neurons and broad differences in cell maturation are factors that impair reproducibility. Furthermore, we discuss how the use of 3D brain organoids are of help in resolving some difficulties posed by 2D cultures. Finally, we elaborate on recent and future advances that may help to overcome the discussed challenges and speed-up progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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19
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Pérez-Rodríguez M, Arroyo-García LE, Prius-Mengual J, Andrade-Talavera Y, Armengol JA, Pérez-Villegas EM, Duque-Feria P, Flores G, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Adenosine Receptor-Mediated Developmental Loss of Spike Timing-Dependent Depression in the Hippocampus. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3266-3281. [PMID: 30169759 PMCID: PMC6644873 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical periods of synaptic plasticity facilitate the reordering and refining of neural connections during development, allowing the definitive synaptic circuits responsible for correct adult physiology to be established. Presynaptic spike timing-dependent long-term depression (t-LTD) exists in the hippocampus, which depends on the activation of NMDARs and that probably fulfills a role in synaptic refinement. This t-LTD is present until the third postnatal week in mice, disappearing in the fourth week of postnatal development. We were interested in the mechanisms underlying this maturation related loss of t-LTD and we found that at CA3–CA1 synapses, presynaptic NMDA receptors (pre-NMDARs) are tonically active between P13 and P21, mediating an increase in glutamate release during this critical period of plasticity. Conversely, at the end of this critical period (P22–P30) and coinciding with the loss of t-LTD, these pre-NMDARs are no longer tonically active. Using immunogold electron microscopy, we demonstrated the existence of pre-NMDARs at Schaffer collateral synaptic boutons, where a decrease in the number of pre-NMDARs during development coincides with the loss of both tonic pre-NMDAR activation and t-LTD. Interestingly, this t-LTD can be completely recovered by antagonizing adenosine type 1 receptors (A1R), which also recovers the tonic activation of pre-NMDARs at P22–P30. By contrast, the induction of t-LTD was prevented at P13–P21 by an agonist of A1R, as was tonic pre-NMDAR activation. Furthermore, we found that the adenosine that mediated the loss of t-LTD during the fourth week of development is supplied by astrocytes. These results provide direct evidence for the mechanism that closes the window of plasticity associated with t-LTD, revealing novel events probably involved in synaptic remodeling during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Pérez-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis E Arroyo-García
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - José Prius-Mengual
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - José A Armengol
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Eva M Pérez-Villegas
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Paloma Duque-Feria
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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20
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Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a fundamental property of neurons referring to the activity-dependent changes in the strength and efficacy of synaptic transmission at preexisting synapses. Such changes can last from milliseconds to hours, days, or even longer and are involved in learning and memory as well as in development and response of the brain to injuries. Several types of synaptic plasticity have been described across neuronal types, brain regions, and species, but all of them share in one way or another capital importance of Ca2+-mediated processes. In this chapter, we will focus on the Ca2+-dependent events necessary for the induction and expression of multiple forms of synaptic plasticity.
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21
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Kainate Receptor-Mediated Depression of Glutamate Release Involves Protein Kinase A in the Cerebellum. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174124. [PMID: 31450867 PMCID: PMC6747159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate (KA) receptors (KAR) have important modulatory roles of synaptic transmission. In the cerebellum, the action mechanisms of KAR-mediated glutamatergic depression are unknown. We studied these mechanisms by recording evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) from cerebellar slices using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. We observed that 3 μM KA decreased the amplitude of eEPSCs and increased the number of failures at the synapses established between parallel fibers (PF) and Purkinje neurons, and the effect was antagonized by NBQX under the condition where AMPA receptors were previously blocked. The inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) suppressed the effect of KAR activation on eEPSC, and effect was not prevented by protein kinase C inhibitors. Furthermore, in the presence of Pertussis toxin, the depression of glutamate release mediated by KAR activation was prevented, invoking the participation of a Gi/o protein in this modulation. Finally, the KAR-mediated depression of glutamate release was not prevented by blocking calcium-permeable KARs or by treatments that affect calcium release from intracellular stores. We conclude that KARs present at these synapses mediate an inhibition of glutamate release through a mechanism that involves the activation of G-protein and protein kinase A.
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22
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Circuit-specific control of the medial entorhinal inputs to the dentate gyrus by atypical presynaptic NMDARs activated by astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13602-13610. [PMID: 31152131 PMCID: PMC6612919 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816013116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the properties of presynaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (pre-NMDARs) at corticohippocampal excitatory connections between perforant path (PP) afferents and dentate granule cells (GCs), a circuit involved in memory encoding and centrally affected in Alzheimer's disease and temporal lobe epilepsy. These receptors were previously reported to increase PP release probability in response to gliotransmitters released from astrocytes. Their activation occurred even under conditions of elevated Mg2+ and lack of action potential firing in the axons, although how this could be accomplished was unclear. We now report that these pre-NMDARs contain the GluN3a subunit conferring them low Mg2+ sensitivity. GluN3a-containing NMDARs at PP-GC synapses are preponderantly presynaptic vs. postsynaptic and persist beyond the developmental period. Moreover, they are expressed selectively at medial-not lateral-PP axons and act to functionally enhance release probability specifically of the medial perforant path (MPP) input to GC dendrites. By controlling release probability, GluN3a-containing pre-NMDARs also control the dynamic range for long-term potentiation (LTP) at MPP-GC synapses, an effect requiring Ca2+ signaling in astrocytes. Consistent with the functional observations, GluN3a subunits in MPP terminals are localized at sites away from the presynaptic release sites, often facing astrocytes, in line with a primary role for astrocytic inputs in their activation. Overall, GluN3A-containing pre-NMDARs emerge as atypical modulators of dendritic computations in the MPP-GC memory circuit.
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23
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Sun W, Wong JM, Gray JA, Carter BC. Incomplete block of NMDA receptors by intracellular MK-801. Neuropharmacology 2018; 143:122-129. [PMID: 30227149 PMCID: PMC8920045 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are essential components in glutamatergic synaptic signaling. The NMDAR antagonist MK-801 has been a valuable pharmacological tool in evaluating NMDAR function because it binds with high affinity to the NMDAR ion channel pore and is non-competitive with ligand binding. MK-801 has also been used to selectively inhibit NMDAR current in only the cell being recorded by including the drug in the intracellular recording solution. Here, we report that intracellular MK-801 (iMK-801) only partially inhibits synaptic NMDAR currents at +40 mV at both cortical layer 4 to layer 2/3 and hippocampal Schaffer collateral to CA1 synapses. Furthermore, iMK-801 incompletely inhibits heterologously expressed NMDAR currents at -60 mV, consistent with a model of iMK-801 having a very slow binding rate and consequently ∼30,000 times lower affinity than MK-801 applied to the extracellular side of the receptor. While iMK-801 can be used as a qualitative tool to study reduced postsynaptic NMDAR function, it cannot be assumed to completely block NMDARs at concentrations typically used in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Sun
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Wong
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - John A. Gray
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, USA,Neurology Department, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Brett C. Carter
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA,European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen, Germany,Corresponding author: Corresponding author: Brett C. Carter, European Neuroscience Institute Gőttingen, Grisebachstrasse 5, Gőttingen Germany 37077, Phone: +49 51 39 13898,
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24
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Bouvier G, Larsen RS, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Paulsen O, Sjöström PJ. Towards resolving the presynaptic NMDA receptor debate. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 51:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Cui Y, Perez S, Venance L. Endocannabinoid-LTP Mediated by CB1 and TRPV1 Receptors Encodes for Limited Occurrences of Coincident Activity in Neocortex. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:182. [PMID: 30026689 PMCID: PMC6041431 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic efficacy changes, long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), underlie various forms of learning and memory. Synaptic plasticity is generally assessed under prolonged activation, whereas learning can emerge from few or even a single trial. Here, we investigated the existence of rapid responsiveness of synaptic plasticity in response to a few number of spikes, in neocortex in a synaptic Hebbian learning rule, the spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). We investigated the effect of lowering the number of pairings from 100 to 50, and 10 on STDP expression, using whole-cell recordings from pyramidal cells in rodent somatosensory cortical brain slices. We found that a low number of paired stimulations induces LTP at neocortical layer 4–2/3 synapses. Besides the asymmetric Hebbian STDP reported in the neocortex induced by 100 pairings, we observed a symmetric anti-Hebbian LTD for 50 pairings and unveiled a unidirectional Hebbian spike-timing-dependent LTP (tLTP) induced by 10–15 pairings. This tLTP was not mediated by NMDA receptor activation but requires CB1 receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) activated by endocannabinoids (eCBs). eCBs have been widely described as mediating short- and long-term synaptic depression. Here, the eCB-tLTP reported at neocortical synapses could constitute a substrate operating in the online learning of new associative memories or during the initial stages of learning. In addition, these findings should provide useful insight into the mechanisms underlying eCB-plasticity occurring during marijuana intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Cui
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Perez
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Venance
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
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26
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NMDA Receptors Containing GluN2B/2C/2D Subunits Mediate an Increase in Glutamate Release at Hippocampal CA3–CA1 Synapses. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1694-1706. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Falcón-Moya R, Losada-Ruiz P, Sihra TS, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Cerebellar Kainate Receptor-Mediated Facilitation of Glutamate Release Requires Ca 2+-Calmodulin and PKA. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:195. [PMID: 29928192 PMCID: PMC5997777 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We elucidated the mechanisms underlying the kainate receptor (KAR)-mediated facilitatory modulation of synaptic transmission in the cerebellum. In cerebellar slices, KA (3 μM) increased the amplitude of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) at synapses between axon terminals of parallel fibers (PF) and Purkinje neurons. KA-mediated facilitation was antagonized by NBQX under condition where AMPA receptors were previously antagonized. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) suppressed the effect of KA on glutamate release, which was also obviated by the prior stimulation of adenylyl cyclase (AC). KAR-mediated facilitation of synaptic transmission was prevented by blocking Ca2+ permeant KARs using philanthotoxin. Furthermore, depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin, or inhibition of Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release by ryanodine, abrogated the synaptic facilitation by KA. Thus, the KA-mediated modulation was conditional on extracellular Ca2+ entry through Ca2+-permeable KARs, as well as and mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Finally, KAR-mediated facilitation was sensitive to calmodulin inhibitors, W-7 and calmidazolium, indicating that the increased cytosolic [Ca2+] sustaining KAR-mediated facilitation of synaptic transmission operates through a downstream Ca2+/calmodulin coupling. We conclude that, at cerebellar parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses, presynaptic KARs mediate glutamate release facilitation, and thereby enhance synaptic transmission through Ca2+-calmodulin dependent activation of adenylyl cyclase/cAMP/protein kinase A signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Falcón-Moya
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pilar Losada-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Talvinder S Sihra
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Celular y Plasticidad, Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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28
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Negrete-Díaz JV, Sihra TS, Flores G, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Non-canonical Mechanisms of Presynaptic Kainate Receptors Controlling Glutamate Release. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:128. [PMID: 29731708 PMCID: PMC5920280 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A metabotropic modus operandi for kainate receptors (KARs) was first discovered in 1998 modulating GABA release. These receptors have been also found to modulate glutamate release at different synapses in several brain regions. Mechanistically, a general biphasic mechanism for modulating glutamate release by presynaptic KARs with metabotropic actions has emerged, with low KA concentrations invoking an increase in glutamate release, whereas higher concentrations of KA mediate a decrease in the release of this neurotransmitter. The molecular mechanisms underpinning the opposite modulation of glutamate release are distinct, with a G-protein-independent, adenylate cyclase (AC)- and protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent mechanism mediating the facilitation of glutamate release, while a G-protein dependent mechanism (with or without protein kinase recruitment) is involved in the decrease of neurotransmitter release. In the present review, we revisit the mechanisms underlying the non-canonical modus operandi of KARs effecting the bimodal control of glutamatergic transmission in different brain regions, and address the possible functions that this modulation may support.
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Affiliation(s)
- José V Negrete-Díaz
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Talvinder S Sihra
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Laboratory of Cellular Neuroscience and Plasticity, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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29
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Tu X, Qiu H, Lin S, He W, Huang G, Zhang X, Wu Y, He J. Low levels of serum magnesium are associated with poststroke cognitive impairment in ischemic stroke patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2947-2954. [PMID: 30464479 PMCID: PMC6220430 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s181948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Population-based studies have revealed a high prevalence of cognitive impairment after stroke. We aimed to determine the impact of serum magnesium (Mg2+) levels on the occurrence of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). PATIENTS AND METHODS Acute ischemic stroke patients (n = 327) were enrolled in our study and serum Mg2+ levels were assessed on admission. The cognitive performance of each patient was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at a 1-month follow-up visit. RESULTS One hundred five (32.1%) patients were diagnosed with PSCI at 1-month poststroke. The serum Mg2+ levels in both the PSCI group and the non-PSCI group were significantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.001). In addition, the PSCI group had lower levels of serum Mg2+ compared to the non-PSCI group (P=0.003). In the binary logistic regression analysis, a serum Mg2+ level of ≤0.82 mmol/L was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing PSCI by the 1-month follow-up (OR 2.236, 95% CI 1.232-4.058, P=0.008), as was age (OR 1.043, 95% CI 1.014-1.073, P=0.003). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the existence of a significant association between low levels of serum Mg2+ and the occurrence of PSCI 1-month poststroke, and these results suggest that low levels of serum Mg2+ on admission may serve as a risk factor for developing PSCI by 1-month poststroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Tu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Huihua Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Shasha Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Weilei He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Guiqian Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Xingru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Yuemin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China,
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30
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Scheppach C. High- and low-conductance NMDA receptors are present in layer 4 spiny stellate and layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of mouse barrel cortex. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/24/e13051. [PMID: 28039402 PMCID: PMC5210381 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N‐Methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors are ion channels activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate in the mammalian brain and are important in synaptic function and plasticity, but are also found in extrasynaptic locations and influence neuronal excitability. There are different NMDA receptor subtypes which differ in their single‐channel conductance. Recently, synaptic plasticity has been studied in the mouse barrel cortex, the primary sensory cortex for input from the animal's whiskers. Pharmacological data imply the presence of low‐conductance NMDA receptors in spiny stellate neurons of cortical layer 4, but of high‐conductance NMDA receptors in pyramidal neurons of layer 2/3. Here, to obtain complementary electrophysiological information on the functional NMDA receptors expressed in layer 4 and layer 2/3 neurons, single NMDA receptor currents were recorded with the patch‐clamp method. Both cell types were found to contain high‐conductance as well as low‐conductance NMDA receptors. The results are consistent with the reported pharmacological data on synaptic plasticity, and with previous claims of a prominent role of low‐conductance NMDA receptors in layer 4 spiny stellate neurons, including broad integration, amplification and distribution of excitation within the barrel in response to whisker stimulation, as well as modulation of excitability by ambient glutamate. However, layer 4 cells also expressed high‐conductance NMDA receptors. The presence of low‐conductance NMDA receptors in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons suggests that some of these functions may be shared with layer 4 spiny stellate neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Scheppach
- Physiological Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom .,Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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31
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Padamsey Z, Tong R, Emptage N. Glutamate is required for depression but not potentiation of long-term presynaptic function. eLife 2017; 6:29688. [PMID: 29140248 PMCID: PMC5714480 DOI: 10.7554/elife.29688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hebbian plasticity is thought to require glutamate signalling. We show this is not the case for hippocampal presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTPpre), which is expressed as an increase in transmitter release probability (Pr). We find that LTPpre can be induced by pairing pre- and postsynaptic spiking in the absence of glutamate signalling. LTPpre induction involves a non-canonical mechanism of retrograde nitric oxide signalling, which is triggered by Ca2+ influx from L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, not postsynaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs), and does not require glutamate release. When glutamate release occurs, it decreases Pr by activating presynaptic NMDARs, and promotes presynaptic long-term depression. Net changes in Pr, therefore, depend on two opposing factors: (1) Hebbian activity, which increases Pr, and (2) glutamate release, which decreases Pr. Accordingly, release failures during Hebbian activity promote LTPpre induction. Our findings reveal a novel framework of presynaptic plasticity that radically differs from traditional models of postsynaptic plasticity. Neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses. One neuron at the synapse releases a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter, which binds to and activates the other neuron. The release of neurotransmitter thus enables the electrical activity of one cell to influence the electrical activity of another. The efficiency of this communication can change over time, as is thought to occur during learning. If the neurons on both sides of a synapse are repeatedly active at the same time, the ability of the neurons to transmit electrical signals to each other increases. One way that communication between neurons can become more efficient is if the first neuron becomes more likely to release neurotransmitter. Most synapses in the brain release a neurotransmitter called glutamate, and most types of learning involve changes in the efficiency of communication at glutamatergic synapses. But glutamate release is unreliable. Active glutamatergic neurons fail to release glutamate about 80% of the time. If glutamate has a key role in learning, how does the brain learn efficiently when glutamate release is so unlikely? To find out, Padamsey et al. studied glutamatergic synapses in slices of tissue from mouse and rat brains. When both neurons at a synapse were repeatedly active at the same time, the first neuron would sometimes become more likely to release glutamate. But this only happened at synapses in which the first neuron usually failed to release glutamate in the first place. This suggests that communication failures help to drive change at synapses. When two neurons that are often active at the same time do not communicate efficiently, this failure triggers molecular changes that make future communication more reliable. Previous results have shown that synapses can change when glutamate release occurs. The current results show that they can also change when it does not. This means that the brain can continue to learn despite frequent communication failures between neurons. Many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, show altered glutamate signalling at synapses. Padamsey et al. hope that a better understanding of this process will lead to new therapies for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Padamsey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rudi Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Emptage
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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32
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Carter BC, Jahr CE. Postsynaptic, not presynaptic NMDA receptors are required for spike-timing-dependent LTD induction. Nat Neurosci 2016; 19:1218-24. [PMID: 27399842 PMCID: PMC5003644 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long-term depression (LTD) between cortical layer 4 spiny stellate cells and layer 2/3 pyramidal cells requires the activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). In young rodents, this form of LTD has been repeatedly reported to require presynaptic NMDARs for its induction. Here we show that at this synapse in the somatosensory cortex of 2 to 3 week old rats and mice, postsynaptic, not presynaptic NMDARs are required for LTD induction. First, we find no evidence for functional NMDARs in L4 neuron axons using 2 photon laser scanning microscopy and 2 photon glutamate uncaging. Second, we find that genetic deletion of postsynaptic, but not presynaptic NMDARs prevents LTD induction. Finally, the pharmacology of the NMDAR requirement is consistent with a non-ionic signaling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett C Carter
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon USA
| | - Craig E Jahr
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon USA
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33
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Andrade-Talavera Y, Duque-Feria P, Paulsen O, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Presynaptic Spike Timing-Dependent Long-Term Depression in the Mouse Hippocampus. Cereb Cortex 2016; 26:3637-3654. [PMID: 27282393 PMCID: PMC4961031 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is a Hebbian learning rule important for synaptic refinement during development and for learning and memory in the adult. Given the importance of the hippocampus in memory, surprisingly little is known about the mechanisms and functions of hippocampal STDP. In the present work, we investigated the requirements for induction of hippocampal spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation (t-LTP) and spike timing-dependent long-term depression (t-LTD) and the mechanisms of these 2 forms of plasticity at CA3-CA1 synapses in young (P12–P18) mouse hippocampus. We found that both t-LTP and t-LTD can be induced at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses by pairing presynaptic activity with single postsynaptic action potentials at low stimulation frequency (0.2 Hz). Both t-LTP and t-LTD require NMDA-type glutamate receptors for their induction, but the location and properties of these receptors are different: While t-LTP requires postsynaptic ionotropic NMDA receptor function, t-LTD does not, and whereas t-LTP is blocked by antagonists at GluN2A and GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptors, t-LTD is blocked by GluN2C or GluN2D subunit-preferring NMDA receptor antagonists. Both t-LTP and t-LTD require postsynaptic Ca2+ for their induction. Induction of t-LTD also requires metabotropic glutamate receptor activation, phospholipase C activation, postsynaptic IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release from internal stores, postsynaptic endocannabinoid (eCB) synthesis, activation of CB1 receptors and astrocytic signaling, possibly via release of the gliotransmitter d-serine. We furthermore found that presynaptic calcineurin is required for t-LTD induction. t-LTD is expressed presynaptically as indicated by fluctuation analysis, paired-pulse ratio, and rate of use-dependent depression of postsynaptic NMDA receptor currents by MK801. The results show that CA3-CA1 synapses display both NMDA receptor-dependent t-LTP and t-LTD during development and identify a presynaptic form of hippocampal t-LTD similar to that previously described at neocortical synapses during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Paloma Duque-Feria
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Ole Paulsen
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain
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34
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Berlin S, Szobota S, Reiner A, Carroll EC, Kienzler MA, Guyon A, Xiao T, Trauner D, Isacoff EY. A family of photoswitchable NMDA receptors. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26929991 PMCID: PMC4786437 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NMDA receptors, which regulate synaptic strength and are implicated in learning and memory, consist of several subtypes with distinct subunit compositions and functional properties. To enable spatiotemporally defined, rapid and reproducible manipulation of function of specific subtypes, we engineered a set of photoswitchable GluN subunits ('LiGluNs'). Photo-agonism of GluN2A or GluN2B elicits an excitatory drive to hippocampal neurons that can be shaped in time to mimic synaptic activation. Photo-agonism of GluN2A at single dendritic spines evokes spine-specific calcium elevation and expansion, the morphological correlate of LTP. Photo-antagonism of GluN2A alone, or in combination with photo-antagonism of GluN1a, reversibly blocks excitatory synaptic currents, prevents the induction of long-term potentiation and prevents spine expansion. In addition, photo-antagonism in vivo disrupts synaptic pruning of developing retino-tectal projections in larval zebrafish. By providing precise and rapidly reversible optical control of NMDA receptor subtypes, LiGluNs should help unravel the contribution of specific NMDA receptors to synaptic transmission, integration and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Berlin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Stephanie Szobota
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Andreas Reiner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Carroll
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Michael A Kienzler
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Alice Guyon
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Tong Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Integrated Protein Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ehud Y Isacoff
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
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35
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Banerjee A, Larsen RS, Philpot BD, Paulsen O. Roles of Presynaptic NMDA Receptors in Neurotransmission and Plasticity. Trends Neurosci 2015; 39:26-39. [PMID: 26726120 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) play pivotal roles in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. They facilitate presynaptic neurotransmitter release and modulate mechanisms controlling synaptic maturation and plasticity during formative periods of brain development. There is an increasing understanding of the roles of preNMDARs in experience-dependent synaptic and circuit-specific computation. In this review we summarize the latest understanding of compartment-specific expression and function of preNMDARs, and how they contribute to synapse-specific and circuit-level information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Banerjee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Benjamin D Philpot
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Neuroscience Center, and Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Ole Paulsen
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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36
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Fedder KN, Sabo SL. On the Role of Glutamate in Presynaptic Development: Possible Contributions of Presynaptic NMDA Receptors. Biomolecules 2015; 5:3448-66. [PMID: 26694480 PMCID: PMC4693286 DOI: 10.3390/biom5043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper formation and maturation of synapses during development is a crucial step in building the functional neural circuits that underlie perception and behavior. It is well established that experience modifies circuit development. Therefore, understanding how synapse formation is controlled by synaptic activity is a key question in neuroscience. In this review, we focus on the regulation of excitatory presynaptic terminal development by glutamate, the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. We discuss the evidence that NMDA receptor activation mediates these effects of glutamate and present the hypothesis that local activation of presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) contributes to glutamate-dependent control of presynaptic development. Abnormal glutamate signaling and aberrant synapse development are both thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, epilepsy, anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. Therefore, understanding how glutamate signaling and synapse development are linked is important for understanding the etiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlie N Fedder
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Shasta L Sabo
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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37
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Bouvier G, Bidoret C, Casado M, Paoletti P. Presynaptic NMDA receptors: Roles and rules. Neuroscience 2015; 311:322-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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38
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Laprell L, Repak E, Franckevicius V, Hartrampf F, Terhag J, Hollmann M, Sumser M, Rebola N, DiGregorio DA, Trauner D. Optical control of NMDA receptors with a diffusible photoswitch. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8076. [PMID: 26311290 PMCID: PMC4560805 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, and are implicated in various neuronal disorders. We synthesized a diffusible photochromic glutamate analogue, azobenzene-triazole-glutamate (ATG), which is specific for NMDARs and functions as a photoswitchable agonist. ATG is inactive in its dark-adapted trans-isoform, but can be converted into its active cis-isoform using one-photon (near UV) or two-photon (740 nm) excitation. Irradiation with violet light photo-inactivates ATG within milliseconds, allowing agonist removal on the timescale of NMDAR deactivation. ATG is compatible with Ca2+ imaging and can be used to optically mimic synaptic coincidence detection protocols. Thus, ATG can be used like traditional caged glutamate compounds, but with the added advantages of NMDAR specificity, low antagonism of GABAR-mediated currents, and precise temporal control of agonist delivery. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play a central role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Here the authors describe azobenzene-triazole-glutamate (ATG), a new diffusible photoswitchable agonist that allows precise temporal control over NMDAR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Laprell
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Emilienne Repak
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Dynamic Neuronal Imaging, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France.,CNRS UMR 3571, Genes, Synapses, and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France
| | - Vilius Franckevicius
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Felix Hartrampf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Jan Terhag
- Ruhr-Universität-Bochum, Department of Biochemistry, Bochum 44780, Germany
| | - Michael Hollmann
- Ruhr-Universität-Bochum, Department of Biochemistry, Bochum 44780, Germany
| | - Martin Sumser
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Nelson Rebola
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Dynamic Neuronal Imaging, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France.,CNRS UMR 3571, Genes, Synapses, and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France
| | - David A DiGregorio
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Dynamic Neuronal Imaging, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France.,CNRS UMR 3571, Genes, Synapses, and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Munich 81377, Germany
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39
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Vardi R, Goldental A, Marmari H, Brama H, Stern EA, Sardi S, Sabo P, Kanter I. Neuronal response impedance mechanism implementing cooperative networks with low firing rates and μs precision. Front Neural Circuits 2015; 9:29. [PMID: 26124707 PMCID: PMC4462995 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2015.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Realizations of low firing rates in neural networks usually require globally balanced distributions among excitatory and inhibitory links, while feasibility of temporal coding is limited by neuronal millisecond precision. We show that cooperation, governing global network features, emerges through nodal properties, as opposed to link distributions. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments we demonstrate microsecond precision of neuronal response timings under low stimulation frequencies, whereas moderate frequencies result in a chaotic neuronal phase characterized by degraded precision. Above a critical stimulation frequency, which varies among neurons, response failures were found to emerge stochastically such that the neuron functions as a low pass filter, saturating the average inter-spike-interval. This intrinsic neuronal response impedance mechanism leads to cooperation on a network level, such that firing rates are suppressed toward the lowest neuronal critical frequency simultaneously with neuronal microsecond precision. Our findings open up opportunities of controlling global features of network dynamics through few nodes with extreme properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Vardi
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Amir Goldental
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Hagar Marmari
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Haya Brama
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Edward A Stern
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel ; Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shira Sardi
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel ; Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Pinhas Sabo
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel ; Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ido Kanter
- Gonda Interdisciplinary Brain Research Center and the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel ; Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan, Israel
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40
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The dual effect of CA1 NMDA receptor modulation on ACPA-induced amnesia in step-down passive avoidance learning task. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:557-65. [PMID: 25680309 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well documented that cannabinoids play an important role in certain hippocampal memory processes in rodents. On the other hand, N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate the synaptic plasticity related to learning and memory processes which take place in the hippocampus. Such insights prompted us to investigate the influence of dorsal hippocampal (CA1) NMDA receptor agents on amnesia induced by cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) in male mice. One-trial step-down passive avoidance and hole-board apparatuses were used to examine the memory retrieval and exploratory behaviors, respectively. Based on our findings, pre-training intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of ACPA (0.01mg/kg) decreased memory acquisition. Moreover, pre-training intra-CA1 infusion of NMDA (0.001, 0.0125, 0.025 and 0.2µg/mouse), d-AP7 (0.5 and 1µg/mouse) or AM251 (50ng/mouse) impaired the memory acquisition. Meanwhile, NMDA-treated animals at the doses of 0.0005, 0.05 and 0.1µg/mouse acquired memory formation. In addition, intra-CA1 microinjection of NMDA (0.0005) plus different doses of ACPA potentiated the ACPA response, while NMDA (0.1) plus the lower or the higher dose of ACPA potentiated or restored the ACPA response, respectively. Further investigation revealed that a subthreshold dose of d-AP7 could potentiate the memory acquisition impairment induced by ACPA. Moreover, the subthreshold dose of AM251 did not alter the ACPA response, while the effective dose of the drug restored the memory acquisition impairment induced by ACPA. According to these results, we concluded that activation of the NMDA receptors in the CA1 mediates a dual effect on ACPA-induced amnesia in step-down passive avoidance learning task.
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41
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Controlling ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors with light: principles and potential. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 20:135-43. [PMID: 25573450 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Light offers unique advantages for studying and manipulating biomolecules and the cellular processes that they control. Optical control of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors has garnered significant interest, since these receptors are central to signaling at neuronal synapses and only optical approaches provide the spatial and temporal resolution required to directly probe receptor function in cells and tissue. Following the classical method of glutamate photo-uncaging, recently developed methods have added other forms of remote control, including those with high molecular specificity and genetic targeting. These tools open the door to the direct optical control of synaptic transmission and plasticity, as well as the probing of native receptor function in intact neural circuits.
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42
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Gill I, Droubi S, Giovedi S, Fedder KN, Bury LAD, Bosco F, Sceniak MP, Benfenati F, Sabo SL. Presynaptic NMDA receptors - dynamics and distribution in developing axons in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Sci 2014; 128:768-80. [PMID: 25526735 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.162362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During cortical development, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) facilitate presynaptic terminal formation, enhance neurotransmitter release and are required in presynaptic neurons for spike-timing-dependent long-term depression (tLTD). However, the extent to which NMDARs are found within cortical presynaptic terminals has remained controversial, and the sub-synaptic localization and dynamics of axonal NMDARs are unknown. Here, using live confocal imaging and biochemical purification of presynaptic membranes, we provide strong evidence that NMDARs localize to presynaptic terminals in vitro and in vivo in a developmentally regulated manner. The NR1 and NR2B subunits (also known as GRIN1 and GRIN2B, respectively) were found within the active zone membrane, where they could respond to synaptic glutamate release. Surprisingly, NR1 also appeared in glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic vesicles. During synaptogenesis, NR1 was mobile throughout axons - including growth cones and filopodia, structures that are involved in synaptogenesis. Upon synaptogenic contact, NMDA receptors were quickly recruited to terminals by neuroligin-1 signaling. Unlike dendrites, the trafficking and distribution of axonal NR1 were insensitive to activity changes, including NMDA exposure, local glutamate uncaging or action potential blockade. These results support the idea that presynaptic NMDARs play an early role in presynaptic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwar Gill
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Sammy Droubi
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Silvia Giovedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Karlie N Fedder
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Luke A D Bury
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Federica Bosco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael P Sceniak
- Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Shasta L Sabo
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
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43
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Urban-Ciecko J, Wen JA, Parekh PK, Barth AL. Experience-dependent regulation of presynaptic NMDARs enhances neurotransmitter release at neocortical synapses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:47-55. [PMID: 25512577 PMCID: PMC4274331 DOI: 10.1101/lm.035741.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sensory experience can selectively alter excitatory synaptic strength at neocortical synapses. The rapid increase in synaptic strength induced by selective whisker stimulation (single-row experience/SRE, where all but one row of whiskers has been removed from the mouse face) is due, at least in part, to the trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) to the post-synaptic membrane, and is developmentally regulated. How enhanced sensory experience can alter presynaptic release properties in the developing neocortex has not been investigated. Using paired-pulse stimulation at layer 4-2/3 synapses in acute brain slices, we found that presynaptic release probability progressively increases in the spared-whisker barrel column over the first 24 h of SRE. Enhanced release probability can be at least partly attributed to presynaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs). We find that the influence of presynaptic NMDARs in enhancing EPSC amplitude markedly increases during SRE. This occurs at the same time when recently potentiated synapses become highly susceptible to a NMDAR-dependent form of synaptic depression, during the labile phase of plasticity. Thus, these data show that augmented sensory stimulation can enhance release probability at layer 4-2/3 synapses and enhance the function of presynaptic NMDARs. Because presynaptic NMDARs have been linked to synaptic depression at layer 4-2/3 synapses, we propose that SRE-dependent up-regulation of presynaptic NMDARs is responsible for enhanced synaptic depression during the labile stage of plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Urban-Ciecko
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Jing A Wen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Puja K Parekh
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Alison L Barth
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Larsen RS, Smith IT, Miriyala J, Han JE, Corlew RJ, Smith SL, Philpot BD. Synapse-specific control of experience-dependent plasticity by presynaptic NMDA receptors. Neuron 2014; 83:879-93. [PMID: 25144876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sensory experience orchestrates the development of cortical circuitry by adaptively modifying neurotransmission and synaptic connectivity. However, the mechanisms underlying these experience-dependent modifications remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that visual experience suppresses a presynaptic NMDA receptor (preNMDAR)-mediated form of timing-dependent long-term depression (tLTD) at visual cortex layer (L) 4-2/3 synapses. This tLTD can be maintained during development, or reinstated in adulthood, by sensory deprivation. The changes in tLTD are mirrored by changes in glutamate release; visual deprivation enhances both tLTD and glutamate release. These effects require the GluN3A NMDAR subunit, the levels of which are increased by visual deprivation. Further, by coupling the pathway-specific optogenetic induction of tLTD with cell-type-specific NMDAR deletion, we find that visual experience modifies preNMDAR-mediated plasticity specifically at L4-L2/3 synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylan S Larsen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ikuko T Smith
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jayalakshmi Miriyala
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ji Eun Han
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebekah J Corlew
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Spencer L Smith
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Benjamin D Philpot
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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45
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Vance KM, Rogers RC, Hermann GE. NMDA receptors control vagal afferent excitability in the nucleus of the solitary tract. Brain Res 2014; 1595:84-91. [PMID: 25446446 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous behavioral studies have demonstrated that presynaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors expressed on vagal afferent terminals are involved in food intake and satiety. Therefore, using in vitro live cell calcium imaging of prelabeled rat hindbrain slices, we characterized which NMDA receptor GluN2 subunits may regulate vagal afferent activity. The nonselective NMDA receptor antagonist d,l-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (d,l-AP5) significantly inhibited vagal terminal calcium influx, while the excitatory amino acid reuptake inhibitor d,l-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartic acid (TBOA), significantly increased terminal calcium levels following pharmacological stimulation with ATP. Subunit-specific NMDA receptor antagonists and potentiators were used to identify which GluN2 subunits mediate the NMDA receptor response on the vagal afferent terminals. The GluN2B-selective antagonist, ifenprodil, selectively reduced vagal calcium influx with stimulation compared to the time control. The GluN2A-selective antagonist, 3-chloro-4-fluoro-N-[4-[[2-(phenylcarbonyl)hydrazino]carbonyl] benzyl]benzenesulfonamide (TCN 201) produced smaller but not statistically significant effects. Furthermore, the GluN2A/B-selective potentiator (pregnenolone sulfate) and the GluN2C/D-selective potentiator [(3-chlorophenyl)(6,7-dimethoxy-1-((4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone; (CIQ)] enhanced vagal afferent calcium influx during stimulation. These data suggest that presynaptic NMDA receptors with GluN2B, GluN2C, and GluN2D subunits may predominantly control vagal afferent excitability in the nucleus of the solitary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Vance
- Laboratory of Autonomic Neuroscience, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Richard C Rogers
- Laboratory of Autonomic Neuroscience, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Gerlinda E Hermann
- Laboratory of Autonomic Neuroscience, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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46
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Wang D, Jacobs SA, Tsien JZ. Targeting the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B for treating or preventing age-related memory decline. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:1121-30. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.941286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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47
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Hu H, Zhou Y, Leng T, Liu A, Wang Y, You X, Chen J, Tang L, Chen W, Qiu P, Yin W, Huang Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Sang H, Yan G. The major cholesterol metabolite cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol functions as an endogenous neuroprotectant. J Neurosci 2014; 34:11426-38. [PMID: 25143622 PMCID: PMC6615515 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0344-14.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Overstimulation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors is believed to be responsible for neuronal death of the CNS in various disorders, including cerebral and spinal cord ischemia. However, the intrinsic and physiological mechanisms of modulation of these receptors are essentially unknown. Here we report that cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (triol), a major metabolite of cholesterol, is an endogenous neuroprotectant and protects against neuronal injury both in vitro and in vivo via negative modulation of NMDA receptors. Treatment of cultured neurons with triol protects against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, and administration of triol significantly decreases neuronal injury after spinal cord ischemia in rabbits and transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. An inducible elevation of triol is associated with ischemic preconditioning and subsequent neuroprotection in the spinal cord of rabbits. This neuroprotection is effectively abolished by preadministration of a specific inhibitor of triol synthesis. Physiological concentrations of triol attenuate [Ca(2+)]i induced by glutamate and decrease inward NMDA-mediated currents in cultured cortical neurons and HEK-293 cells transiently transfected with NR1/NR2B NMDA receptors. Saturable binding of [(3)H]triol to cerebellar granule neurons and displacement of [(3)H]MK-801 binding to NMDA receptors by triol suggest that direct blockade of NMDA receptors may underlie the neuroprotective properties. Our findings suggest that the naturally occurring oxysterol, the major cholesterol metabolite triol, functions as an endogenous neuroprotectant in vivo, which may provide novel insights into understanding and developing potential therapeutics for disorders in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiuhua You
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Yin
- Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine and
| | | | | | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China, and
| | - Hanfei Sang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Banerjee A, González-Rueda A, Sampaio-Baptista C, Paulsen O, Rodríguez-Moreno A. Distinct mechanisms of spike timing-dependent LTD at vertical and horizontal inputs onto L2/3 pyramidal neurons in mouse barrel cortex. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:e00271. [PMID: 24760524 PMCID: PMC4002250 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Spike timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP) is an attractive candidate to mediate the synaptic changes that support circuit plasticity in sensory cortices during development. STDP is prevalent at excitatory synapses, but it is not known whether the underlying mechanisms are universal, or whether distinct mechanisms underpin STDP at different synapses. Here, we set out to compare and contrast STDP at vertical layer 4 and horizontal layer 2/3 inputs onto postsynaptic layer 2/3 neurons in the mouse barrel cortex. We find that both vertical and horizontal inputs show STDP, but that they display different time windows for induction of timing‐dependent long‐term depression (t‐LTD). Moreover, whereas t‐LTD at vertical inputs requires presynaptic NMDA receptors and is expressed presynaptically, using paired recordings we find that t‐LTD at horizontal inputs requires postsynaptic NMDA receptors and is expressed postsynaptically. These results demonstrate that similar forms of plasticity on the same postsynaptic neuron can be mediated by distinct mechanisms, and suggest that these forms of plasticity may enable these two types of cortical synapses to support different functions. Timing‐dependent LTD (t‐LTD) at vertical inputs on layer 2/3 neurons (L4‐L2/3) requires presynaptic NMDA receptors and is expressed presynaptically, but little is known about these mechanisms at horizontal inputs (L2/3‐L2/3). Using paired recordings we demonstrate here that t‐LTD at L2/3‐L2/3 synapses also requires NMDA receptors but is induced and expressed postsynaptically. These results indicate that similar forms of plasticity on the same postsynaptic neuron may be mediated by distinct mechanisms and suggest that these forms of plasticity may support different developmental functions in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, The Neuronal Oscillations Group, Oxford, UK
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Palmer LM, Shai AS, Reeve JE, Anderson HL, Paulsen O, Larkum ME. NMDA spikes enhance action potential generation during sensory input. Nat Neurosci 2014; 17:383-90. [PMID: 24487231 DOI: 10.1038/nn.3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence in vitro suggests that the tuft dendrites of pyramidal neurons are capable of evoking local NMDA receptor-dependent electrogenesis, so-called NMDA spikes. However, it has so far proved difficult to demonstrate their existence in vivo. Moreover, it is not clear whether NMDA spikes are relevant to the output of pyramidal neurons. We found that local NMDA spikes occurred in tuft dendrites of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons both spontaneously and following sensory input, and had a large influence on the number of output action potentials. Using two-photon activation of an intracellular caged NMDA receptor antagonist (tc-MK801), we found that isolated NMDA spikes typically occurred in multiple branches simultaneously and that sensory stimulation substantially increased their probability. Our results demonstrate that NMDA receptors have a vital role in coupling the tuft region of the layer 2/3 pyramidal neuron to the cell body, enhancing the effectiveness of layer 1 input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M Palmer
- 1] Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. [2] Physiologisches Institut, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [3] NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam S Shai
- Bioengineering Department, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - James E Reeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ole Paulsen
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew E Larkum
- 1] Physiologisches Institut, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [2] NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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50
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Shipton OA, Paulsen O. GluN2A and GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptors in hippocampal plasticity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130163. [PMID: 24298164 PMCID: PMC3843894 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent synaptic plasticity is a strong candidate to mediate learning and memory processes that require the hippocampus. This plasticity is bidirectional, and how the same receptor can mediate opposite changes in synaptic weights remains a conundrum. It has been suggested that the NMDAR subunit composition could be involved. Specifically, one subunit composition of NMDARs would be responsible for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), whereas NMDARs with a different subunit composition would be engaged in the induction of long-term depression (LTD). Unfortunately, the results from studies that have investigated this hypothesis are contradictory, particularly in relation to LTD. Nevertheless, current evidence does suggest that the GluN2B subunit might be particularly important for plasticity and may make a synapse bidirectionally malleable. In particular, we conclude that the presence of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDARs at the postsynaptic density might be a necessary, though not a sufficient, condition for the strengthening of individual synapses. This is owing to the interaction of GluN2B with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and is distinct from its contribution as an ion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia A. Shipton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Ole Paulsen
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
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