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Floris G, Dabrowski KR, Zanda MT, Daws SE. Psilocybin reduces heroin seeking behavior and modulates inflammatory gene expression in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex of male rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.28.596205. [PMID: 38854027 PMCID: PMC11160682 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.596205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical and human studies indicate psilocybin may reduce perseverant maladaptive behaviors, including nicotine and alcohol seeking. Such studies in the opioid field are lacking, though opioids are involved in more >50% of overdose deaths. Psilocybin is an agonist at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR), a well-documented target for modulation of drug seeking, and evidence suggests 5-HT2AR agonists may dampen motivation for opioids. We sought to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in mediating cessation of opioid use and maintenance of long-lasting abstinence from opioid seeking behavior in a rat model of heroin self-administration (SA). Psilocybin or 5-HT2AR antagonists ketanserin and volinanserin were administered systemically to rats prior to SA of 0.075 mg/kg/infusion of heroin, or relapse following forced abstinence. Psilocybin did not alter heroin taking, but a single exposure to 3.0 mg/kg psilocybin 4-24 hours prior to a relapse test blunted cue-induced heroin seeking. Conversely, 5-HT2AR antagonists exacerbated heroin relapse. To begin to elucidate mechanisms of psilocybin, drug-naïve rats received psilocybin and/or ketanserin, and tissue was collected from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region critical for drug seeking and responsive to psilocybin, 24 hours later for RNA-sequencing. 3.0 mg/kg psilocybin regulated ~2-fold more genes in the PFC than 1.0 mg/kg, including genes involved in the cytoskeleton and cytokine signaling. Ketanserin blocked >90% of psilocybin-regulated genes, including the IL-17a cytokine receptor, Il17ra. Psychedelic compounds have reported anti-inflammatory properties, and therefore we performed a gene expression array to measure chemokine/cytokine molecules in the PFC of animals that displayed psilocybin-mediated inhibition of heroin seeking. Psilocybin regulated 4 genes, including Il17a, and a subset of genes correlated with relapse behavior. Selective inhibition of PFC IL-17a was sufficient to reduce heroin relapse. We conclude that psilocybin reduces heroin relapse and highlight IL-17a signaling as a potential downstream pathway of psilocybin that also reduces heroin seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Floris
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Konrad R Dabrowski
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mary Tresa Zanda
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Stephanie E Daws
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Dabrowski KR, Daws SE. Morphine-Driven m6A Epitranscriptomic Neuroadaptations in Primary Cortical Cultures. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04219-z. [PMID: 38780720 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Opioid overdose is the leading cause of accidental death in the United States and remains a major public health concern, despite significant resources aimed at combating opioid misuse. Neurobiological research to elucidate molecular and cellular consequences of opioid exposure is required to define avenues to explore for reversal of opioid-induced neuroadaptations. Opioids impart well-documented regulation of the transcriptome and epigenetic modifications in the brain, but opioid-induced epitranscriptomic posttranscriptional regulation of RNA is vastly understudied. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is significantly enriched in the brain and involved in learning, memory, and reward. m6A modifications have not been studied in opioid use disorder, despite being the most common RNA modification. We detected significant regulation of m6A-modifying enzymes in rat primary cortical cultures following morphine treatment, including AlkB Homolog 5 (Alkbh5). The m6a demethylase ALKBH5 functions as an m6A eraser, removing m6A modifications from mRNA. We hypothesized that chronic opioid treatment regulates m6A modifications through modulation of Alkbh5 and profiled m6A modifications in primary cortical cultures following chronic morphine treatment and Alkbh5 knock-down. We observed differential regulation of m6A modifications for a common set of transcripts following morphine or Alkbh5 knock-down, and the two treatments elicited concordant m6A epitranscriptomic profiles, suggesting that a subset of morphine-driven m6A modifications may be mediated through downregulation of Alkbh5 in cortical cultures. Gene Ontology terms of commonly regulated transcripts included serotonin secretion, synapse disassembly, neuron remodeling, and immune response. Thus, we conclude that morphine can drive epitranscriptomic changes, a subset of which may occur in an Alkbh5-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad R Dabrowski
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie E Daws
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Li S, Tang S, Dai L, Jian Z, Li X. Emodin relieves morphine-stimulated BV2 microglial activation and inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Neuroreport 2024; 35:518-528. [PMID: 38597275 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to disclose the role of emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative that has been proposed to suppress microglial activation and inflammation, in morphine tolerance. Here, cell counting kit-8 method assayed the viability of BV2 microglial cells treated by ascending concentrations of emodin. In emodin-pretreated BV2 microglial cells challenged with morphine with or without transfection of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression plasmids, transwell assay measured cell migration. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot detected the expression of microglial markers. Inflammatory levels were subjected to ELISA and western blot. BODIPY 581/591 C11 assay estimated lipid reactive oxygen species activity. Iron assay kit examined total iron content. Western blot tested the expression of ferroptosis- and TLR4/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) pathway-associated proteins. Molecular docking predicted the binding affinity of emodin to TLR4. Emodin was noted to obstruct the migration, activation, inflammatory response, and ferroptosis of BV2 microglial cells induced by morphine. In addition, emodin had a high binding affinity with TLR4 and inactivated TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in morphine-challenged BV2 microglial cells. Upregulation of TLR4 partially countervailed the protective role of emodin against morphine-elicited BV2 microglial cell migration, activation, inflammation, and ferroptosis. Accordingly, emodin might target TLR4 and act as an inactivator of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, thus inhibiting BV2 microglial activation and inflammation to mitigate morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
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Acuña AM, Park C, Leyrer-Jackson JM, Olive MF. Promising immunomodulators for management of substance and alcohol use disorders. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:867-884. [PMID: 38803314 PMCID: PMC11216154 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2360653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neuroimmune system has emerged as a novel target for the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs), with immunomodulation producing encouraging therapeutic benefits in both preclinical and clinical settings. AREAS COVERED In this review, we describe the mechanism of action and immune response to methamphetamine, opioids, cocaine, and alcohol. We then discuss off-label use of immunomodulators as adjunctive therapeutics in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, demonstrating their potential efficacy in affective and behavioral disorders. We then discuss in detail the mechanism of action and recent findings regarding the use of ibudilast, minocycline, probenecid, dexmedetomidine, pioglitazone, and cannabidiol to treat (SUDs). These immunomodulators are currently being investigated in clinical trials described herein, specifically for their potential to decrease substance use, withdrawal severity, central and peripheral inflammation, comorbid neuropsychiatric disorder symptomology, as well as their ability to improve cognitive outcomes. EXPERT OPINION We argue that although mixed, findings from recent preclinical and clinical studies underscore the potential benefit of immunomodulation in the treatment of the behavioral, cognitive, and inflammatory processes that underlie compulsive substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Acuña
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience and Comparative Psychology Area, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Connor Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jonna M. Leyrer-Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - M. Foster Olive
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience and Comparative Psychology Area, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Jia X, Ju J, Li Z, Peng X, Wang J, Gao F. Inhibition of spinal BRD4 alleviates pyroptosis and M1 microglia polarization via STING-IRF3 pathway in morphine-tolerant rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176428. [PMID: 38432572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphine tolerance has been a challenging medical issue. Neuroinflammation is considered as a critical mechanism for the development of morphine tolerance. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), a key regulator in cell damage and inflammation, participates in the development of chronic pain. However, whether BRD4 is involved in morphine tolerance and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS The morphine-tolerant rat model was established by intrathecal administration of morphine twice daily for 7 days. Behavior test was assessed by a tail-flick latency test. The roles of BRD4, pyroptosis, microglia polarization and related signaling pathways in morphine tolerance were elucidated by Western blot, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Repeated morphine administration upregulated BRD4 level, induced pyroptosis, and promoted microglia M1-polarization in spinal cord, accompanied by the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. JQ-1, a BRD4 antagonist, alleviated the development of morphine tolerance, diminished pyroptosis and induced the switch of microglia from M1 to M2 phenotype. Mechanistically, stimulator of interferon gene (STING)- interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathway was activated and the protective effect of JQ-1 against morphine tolerance was at least partially mediated by inhibition of STING-IRF3 pathway. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated for the first time that spinal BRD4 contributes to pyroptosis and switch of microglia polarization via STING-IRF3 signaling pathway during the development of morphine tolerance, which extend the understanding of the neuroinflammation mechanism of morphine tolerance and provide an alternative strategy for the precaution against of this medical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoling Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ciechanowska A, Mika J. CC Chemokine Family Members' Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury-A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3788. [PMID: 38612597 PMCID: PMC11011591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in modern medicine and pharmacology, damage to the nervous system with various etiologies still poses a challenge to doctors and scientists. Injuries lead to neuroimmunological changes in the central nervous system (CNS), which may result in both secondary damage and the development of tactile and thermal hypersensitivity. In our review, based on the analysis of many experimental and clinical studies, we indicate that the mechanisms occurring both at the level of the brain after direct damage and at the level of the spinal cord after peripheral nerve damage have a common immunological basis. This suggests that there are opportunities for similar pharmacological therapeutic interventions in the damage of various etiologies. Experimental data indicate that after CNS/PNS damage, the levels of 16 among the 28 CC-family chemokines, i.e., CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL11, CCL12, CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, and CCL22, increase in the brain and/or spinal cord and have strong proinflammatory and/or pronociceptive effects. According to the available literature data, further investigation is still needed for understanding the role of the remaining chemokines, especially six of them which were found in humans but not in mice/rats, i.e., CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL18, and CCL23. Over the past several years, the results of studies in which available pharmacological tools were used indicated that blocking individual receptors, e.g., CCR1 (J113863 and BX513), CCR2 (RS504393, CCX872, INCB3344, and AZ889), CCR3 (SB328437), CCR4 (C021 and AZD-2098), and CCR5 (maraviroc, AZD-5672, and TAK-220), has beneficial effects after damage to both the CNS and PNS. Recently, experimental data have proved that blockades exerted by double antagonists CCR1/3 (UCB 35625) and CCR2/5 (cenicriviroc) have very good anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. In addition, both single (J113863, RS504393, SB328437, C021, and maraviroc) and dual (cenicriviroc) chemokine receptor antagonists enhanced the analgesic effect of opioid drugs. This review will display the evidence that a multidirectional strategy based on the modulation of neuronal-glial-immune interactions can significantly improve the health of patients after CNS and PNS damage by changing the activity of chemokines belonging to the CC family. Moreover, in the case of pain, the combined administration of such antagonists with opioid drugs could reduce therapeutic doses and minimize the risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland;
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Gei L, Yan Y, Xing W, Li Q, Chen X, Yan F, Wang Y, Cao Y, Jiang W, E R, Luo D, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Chen D. Amiloride alleviates morphine tolerance by suppressing ASIC3-dependent neuroinflammation in the spinal cord. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176173. [PMID: 37918499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of morphine in clinical medicine is severely constrained by tolerance. Therefore, it is essential to examine pharmacological therapies that suppress the development of morphine tolerance. Amiloride suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting microglial activation. Microglia play a crucial role in the establishment of morphine tolerance. Thus, we anticipated that amiloride might suppress the development of morphine tolerance. During this investigation, we assessed the impact of amiloride on mouse morphine tolerance. METHODS Mice received morphine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) twice daily with intrathecally injected amiloride (0.3 μg/5 μl, 1 μg/5 μl, and 3 μg/5 μl) for nine continuous days. To assess morphine tolerance, mice underwent the tail-flick and hot plate tests. BV-2 cells were used to investigate the mechanism of amiloride. By using Western blotting, real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence labeling methods, the levels of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins, and neuroinflammation-related cytokines were determined. RESULTS The levels of ASIC3 in the spinal cord were considerably increased after long-term morphine administration. Amiloride was found to delay the development of tolerance to chronic morphine assessed via tail-flick and hot plate tests. Amiloride reduced microglial activation and downregulated the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-a by inhibiting ASIC3 in response to morphine. Furthermore, amiloride reduced p38 MAPK phosphorylation and inhibited NF-κB expression. CONCLUSIONS Amiloride effectively reduces chronic morphine tolerance by suppressing microglial activation caused by morphine by inhibiting ASIC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liba Gei
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Anaesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Cancer Hospital, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Anaesthesiology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiangnan Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Anaesthesiology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wenqi Jiang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - RiQi E
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Cancer Hospital, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - DeXing Luo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, 516001, China
| | - YanHong Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University/Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Cancer Hospital, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Weian Zeng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Dongtai Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Azuma Y, Koike K, Chiba H, Mitamura A, Tsuji H, Kawasaki S, Yokota T, Kanemasa T, Morioka Y, Suzuki T, Fujita M. Efficacy of Naldemedine on Intestinal Hypomotility and Adhesions in Rodent Models of Postoperative Ileus. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1714-1719. [PMID: 37853612 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative ileus (POI) often decreases patients' QOL because of prolonged hospitalization and readmission. Alvimopan, a peripheral μ-opioid receptor antagonist, is currently the only therapeutic drug for POI. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of naldemedine (a peripheral μ-opioid receptor antagonist with a non-competitive pharmacological profile different from that of alvimopan) on postoperative intestinal hypomotility and adhesion in rodent models, and compare it with the effects of alvimopan. Oral administration of naldemedine (0.3 mg/kg) and alvimopan (3 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the decrease in intestinal motility induced by mechanical irritation in mice (p < 0.01, for both). Naldemedine (1 mg/kg) significantly shortened the adhesion length in chemical-induced postoperative adhesion model rats (p < 0.05). Alvimopan (3 mg/kg) also significantly reduced the adhesion ratio (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that naldemedine is effective for postoperative intestinal hypomotility and adhesions in rodents (i.e., as for alvimopan). Thus, naldemedine may be a useful option for the treatment of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Azuma
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
| | - Katsumi Koike
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroki Chiba
- Research Area for Drug Candidate Generation II, Shionogi TechnoAdvance Research Co., Ltd
| | - Aki Mitamura
- Corporate Planning Division, Shionogi TechnoAdvance Research Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroki Tsuji
- Research Area for Drug Candidate Generation II, Shionogi TechnoAdvance Research Co., Ltd
| | - Sachiko Kawasaki
- Research Area for Drug Candidate Generation I, Shionogi TechnoAdvance Research Co., Ltd
| | | | | | | | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shonan University of Medical Sciences
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Peng X, Wang J, Li Z, Jia X, Zhang A, Ju J, Eulenburg V, Gao F. Toll-like Receptor 2-Melatonin Feedback Loop Regulates the Activation of Spinal NLRP3 Inflammasome in Morphine-Tolerant Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3597-3609. [PMID: 37561258 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Morphine is amongst the most effective analgesics available for the management of severe pain. However, prolonged morphine treatment leads to analgesic tolerance which limits its clinical usage. Previous studies have demonstrated that melatonin ameliorates morphine tolerance by reducing neuroinflammation. However, little is known about the relationship between Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) and neuroinflammation in morphine tolerance. The aim of this study was to explore the role of TLR2 in morphine tolerance and its connections with melatonin and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with morphine for 7 days and tail-flick latency test was performed to identify the induction of analgesic tolerance. The roles of TLR2 in microglia activation and morphine tolerance were assessed pharmacologically, and the possible interactions between melatonin, TLR2 and NLRP3 inflammasome were investigated. KEY RESULTS Morphine tolerance was accompanied by increased TLR2 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in spinal cord. whereas melatonin level was down-regulated. Chronic melatonin administration resulted in a reduced TLR2 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, the analgesic effect of morphine was partially restored. Inhibition of TLR2 suppressed the microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, as well as restored the spinal melatonin level while attenuated the development of morphine tolerance. Furthermore, the inhibition of microglia activation ameliorated morphine tolerance via inhibiting TLR2-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in spinal cord. CONCLUSION In this study, we directly demonstrate a TLR2-melatonin negative feedback loop regulating microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome activation during the development of morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoqian Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Volker Eulenburg
- Department for Translational Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ciapała K, Mika J. Advances in Neuropathic Pain Research: Selected Intracellular Factors as Potential Targets for Multidirectional Analgesics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1624. [PMID: 38004489 PMCID: PMC10675751 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a complex and debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Unlike acute pain, which is short-term and starts suddenly in response to an injury, neuropathic pain arises from somatosensory nervous system damage or disease, is usually chronic, and makes every day functioning difficult, substantially reducing quality of life. The main reason for the lack of effective pharmacotherapies for neuropathic pain is its diverse etiology and the complex, still poorly understood, pathophysiological mechanism of its progression. Numerous experimental studies, including ours, conducted over the last several decades have shown that the development of neuropathic pain is based on disturbances in cell activity, imbalances in the production of pronociceptive factors, and changes in signaling pathways such as p38MAPK, ERK, JNK, NF-κB, PI3K, and NRF2, which could become important targets for pharmacotherapy in the future. Despite the availability of many different analgesics, relieving neuropathic pain is still extremely difficult and requires a multidirectional, individual approach. We would like to point out that an increasing amount of data indicates that nonselective compounds directed at more than one molecular target exert promising analgesic effects. In our review, we characterize four substances (minocycline, astaxanthin, fisetin, and peimine) with analgesic properties that result from a wide spectrum of actions, including the modulation of MAPKs and other factors. We would like to draw attention to these selected substances since, in preclinical studies, they show suitable analgesic properties in models of neuropathy of various etiologies, and, importantly, some are already used as dietary supplements; for example, astaxanthin and fisetin protect against oxidative stress and have anti-inflammatory properties. It is worth emphasizing that the results of behavioral tests also indicate their usefulness when combined with opioids, the effectiveness of which decreases when neuropathy develops. Moreover, these substances appear to have additional, beneficial properties for the treatment of diseases that frequently co-occur with neuropathic pain. Therefore, these substances provide hope for the development of modern pharmacological tools to not only treat symptoms but also restore the proper functioning of the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland;
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11
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Solanki N, Bhavsar S. Neuroprotective effects of Bauhinia variegata in ameliorating diabetic neuropathy and neurodegeneration. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:6148-6158. [PMID: 37969205 PMCID: PMC10641339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In diabetic neuropathy with neurodegeneration (DNN), a serious diabetes consequence, extreme hyperglycemia destroys neurons in the brain and limbs. The main therapies for this condition are glucose control and pain management. Phytopharmacology is thought to be more successful in addressing the pain and blood sugar management issues associated with DNN. The objective of this study was to investigate how Bauhinia variegata (BV) could offer protection against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy. METHODOLOGY STZ-associated DNN was induced in rats, and these diabetic rats were treated with BV at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses for 28 days. Blood glucose (BG), serum nitrite, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, C-reactive protein, behavioral, and histopathological parameters were assessed. RESULTS BV dramatically reduced BG and HbA1c levels in diabetic rats, according to the findings. The levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase both rose significantly. Both lipid peroxidation and serum nitrite levels were drastically decreased with BV treatment. In this study, it was found that BV has anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory effects on DNN. This was shown by a significant drop in C-reactive protein in diabetic rats, which was a key factor in diabetic neuropathy. Thermal hyperalgesia was significantly alleviated after BV therapy, and diabetic rats' pain thresholds improved. CONCLUSION Present study concluded that BV treatment has excellent glycemic control, a high antioxidant status, and relevant pain-relieving potential in diabetic neuropathy with neurodegeneration by reversing thermal hyperalgesia and decreasing hypeglycemia in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Solanki
- Department of Pharmacology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT CampusChanga 388421, Gujarat, India
| | - Shailesh Bhavsar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kamdhenu UniversityAnand, Gujarat, India
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12
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Hu Y, Liu J, Zhuang R, Zhang C, Lin F, Wang J, Peng S, Zhang W. Progress in Pathological and Therapeutic Research of HIV-Related Neuropathic Pain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3343-3373. [PMID: 37470889 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
HIV-related neuropathic pain (HRNP) is a neurodegeneration that gradually develops during the long-term course of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and manifests as abnormal sock/sleeve-like symmetrical pain and nociceptive hyperalgesia in the extremities, which seriously reduces patient quality of life. To date, the pathogenesis of HRNP is not completely clear. There is a lack of effective clinical treatment for HRNP and it is becoming a challenge and hot spot for medical research. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of the progress of HRNP research in recent years including (1) the etiology, classification and clinical symptoms of HRNP, (2) the establishment of HRNP pathological models, (3) the pathological mechanisms underlying HRNP from three aspects: molecules, signaling pathways and cells, (4) the therapeutic strategies for HRNP, and (5) the limitations of recent HRNP research and the future research directions and prospects of HRNP. This detailed review provides new and systematic insight into the pathological mechanism of HRNP, which establishes a theoretical basis for the future exploitation of novel target drugs. HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and opioid abuse contribute to the etiology of HRNP with symmetrical pain in both hands and feet, allodynia and hyperalgesia. The pathogenesis involves changes in cytokine expression, activation of signaling pathways and neuronal cell states. The therapy for HRNP should be patient-centered, integrating pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments into multimodal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanLing Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - JinHong Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renjie Zhuang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Fei Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Zheng G, Ren J, Shang L, Bao Y. Role of autophagy in the pathogenesis and regulation of pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175859. [PMID: 37429517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Pain is a ubiquitous and highly concerned clinical symptom, usually caused by peripheral or central nervous injury, tissue damage, or other diseases. The long-term existence of pain can seriously affect daily physical function and quality of life and produce great torture on the physiological and psychological levels. However, the complex pathogenesis of pain involving molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways has not been fully elucidated, and managing pain remains highly challenging. As a result, finding new targets to pursue effective and long-term pain treatment strategies is required and urgent. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation and recycling process that maintains tissue homeostasis and energy supply, which can be cytoprotective and is vital in maintaining neural plasticity and proper nervous system function. Much evidence has shown that autophagy dysregulation is linked to the emergence of neuropathic pain, such as postherpetic neuralgia and cancer-related pain. Autophagy has also been connected to pain caused by osteoarthritis and lumbar disc degeneration. It is worth noting that in recent years, studies on traditional Chinese medicine have also proved that several traditional Chinese medicine monomers involve autophagy in the mechanism of pain relief. Therefore, autophagy can serve as a potential regulatory target to provide new ideas and inspiration for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Juanxia Ren
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Lu Shang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yanju Bao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Wen J, Sackett S, Tanaka M, Zhang Y. Therapeutic Effects of Combined Treatment with the AEA Hydrolysis Inhibitor PF04457845 and the Substrate Selective COX-2 Inhibitor LM4131 in the Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091275. [PMID: 37174675 PMCID: PMC10177584 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain resulting from peripheral nerve damage is a significant clinical problem, which makes it imperative to develop the mechanism-based therapeutic approaches. Enhancement of endogenous cannabinoids by blocking their hydrolysis has been shown to reduce inflammation and neuronal damage in a number of neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. However, recent studies suggest that inhibition of their hydrolysis can shift endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA) toward the oxygenation pathway mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to produce proinflammatory prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) and prostaglandin ethanolamides (PG-EAs). Thus, blocking both endocannabinoid hydrolysis and oxygenation is likely to be more clinically beneficial. In this study, we used the chronic constriction injury (CCI) mouse model to explore the therapeutic effects of simultaneous inhibition of AEA hydrolysis and oxygenation in the treatment of neuropathic pain. We found that the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor PF04457845 and the substrate-selective COX-2 inhibitor LM4131 dose-dependently reduced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in the CCI mice. In addition to ameliorating the pain behaviors, combined treatment with subeffective doses of these inhibitors greatly attenuated the accumulation of inflammatory cells in both sciatic nerve and spinal cord. Consistently, the increased proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and chemokine MCP-1 in the CCI mouse spinal cord and sciatic nerve were also significantly reduced by combination of low doses of PF04457845 and LM4131 treatment. Therefore, our study suggests that simultaneous blockage of endocannabinoid hydrolysis and oxygenation by using the substrate-selective COX-2 inhibitor, which avoids the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects associated with the use of general COX-2 inhibitors, might be a suitable strategy for the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Scott Sackett
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Mikiei Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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15
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Sharma A, Behl T, Sharma L, Shah OP, Yadav S, Sachdeva M, Rashid S, Bungau SG, Bustea C. Exploring the molecular pathways and therapeutic implications of angiogenesis in neuropathic pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114693. [PMID: 37062217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, much attention has been paid to chronic neuro-inflammatory condition underlying neuropathic pain. It is generally linked with thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia. It results due to injury or infection in the nervous system. The neuropathic pain spectrum covers a variety of pathophysiological states, mostly involved are ischemic injury viral infections associated neuropathies, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies, autoimmune disorders, traumatic origin, hereditary neuropathies, inflammatory disorders, and channelopathies. In CNS, angiogenesis is evident in inflammation of neurons and pain in bone cancer. The role of chemokines and cytokines is dualistic; their aggressive secretion produces detrimental effects, leading to neuropathic pain. However, whether the angiogenesis contributes and exists in neuropathic pain remains doubtful. In the present review, we elucidated summary of diverse mechanisms of neuropathic pain associated with angiogenesis. Moreover, an overview of multiple targets that have provided insights on the VEGF signaling, signaling through Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor, erythropoietin pathway promoting axonal growth are also discussed. Because angiogenesis as a result of these signaling, results in inflammation, we focused on the mechanisms of neuropathic pain. These factors are mainly responsible for the activation of post-traumatic regeneration of the PNS and CNS. Furthermore, we also reviewed synthetic and herbal treatments targeting angiogenesis in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173211, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, 248007 Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173211, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Om Prakash Shah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173211, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea 410028, Romania.
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea 410073, Romania
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Ciechanowska A, Pawlik K, Ciapała K, Mika J. Pharmacological Modulation of the MIP-1 Family and Their Receptors Reduces Neuropathic Pain Symptoms and Influences Morphine Analgesia: Evidence from a Mouse Model. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040579. [PMID: 37190544 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain pathophysiology is not fully understood, but it was recently shown that MIP-1 family members (CCL3, CCL4, and CCL9) have strong pronociceptive properties. Our goal was to examine how pharmacological modulation of these chemokines and their receptors (CCR1 and CCR5) influence hypersensitivity after nerve injury in Albino Swiss male mice. The spinal changes in the mRNA/protein levels of the abovementioned chemokines and their receptors were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA/Western blot techniques in a mouse model of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. Behavioral studies were performed using the von Frey and cold plate tests after pharmacological treatment with neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against chemokines or antagonists (CCR1-J113863, CCR5-TAK-220/AZD-5672) alone and in coadministration with morphine on Day 7, when the hypersensitivity was fully developed. Our results showed enhanced protein levels of CCL3 and CCL9 1 and 7 days after nerve injury. The single intrathecal administration of CCL3 or CCL9 nAb, J113863, TAK-220, or AZD-5672 diminished neuropathic pain symptoms and enhanced morphine analgesia. These findings highlight the important roles of CCL3 and CCL9 in neuropathic pain and additionally indicate that these chemokines play essential roles in opioid analgesia. The obtained results suggest CCR1 and CCR5 as new, interesting targets in neuropathy treatment.
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17
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Cuitavi J, Torres-Pérez JV, Lorente JD, Campos-Jurado Y, Andrés-Herrera P, Polache A, Agustín-Pavón C, Hipólito L. Crosstalk between Mu-Opioid receptors and neuroinflammation: Consequences for drug addiction and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 145:105011. [PMID: 36565942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mu-Opioid Receptors (MORs) are well-known for participating in analgesia, sedation, drug addiction, and other physiological functions. Although MORs have been related to neuroinflammation their biological mechanism remains unclear. It is suggested that MORs work alongside Toll-Like Receptors to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines during pathological conditions. Some cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, have been postulated to regulate MORs levels by both avoiding MOR recycling and enhancing its production. In addition, Neurokinin-1 Receptor, also affected during neuroinflammation, could be regulating MOR trafficking. Therefore, inflammation in the central nervous system seems to be associated with altered/increased MORs expression, which might regulate harmful processes, such as drug addiction and pain. Here, we provide a critical evaluation on MORs' role during neuroinflammation and its implication for these conditions. Understanding MORs' functioning, their regulation and implications on drug addiction and pain may help elucidate their potential therapeutic use against these pathological conditions and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cuitavi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Jose Vicente Torres-Pérez
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Jesús David Lorente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Yolanda Campos-Jurado
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Paula Andrés-Herrera
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ana Polache
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Agustín-Pavón
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Lucía Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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18
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Ouyang H, Zhang J, Chi D, Zhang K, Huang Y, Huang J, Huang W, Bai X. The YTHDF1-TRAF6 pathway regulates the neuroinflammatory response and contributes to morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in the periaqueductal gray. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:310. [PMID: 36550542 PMCID: PMC9784087 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term use of opioids such as morphine has negative side effects, such as morphine analgesic tolerance and morphine-induced hyperalgesia (MIH). These side effects limit the clinical use and analgesic efficacy of morphine. Elucidation of the mechanisms and identification of feasible and effective methods or treatment targets to solve this clinical phenomenon are important. Here, we discovered that YTHDF1 and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) are crucial for morphine analgesic tolerance and MIH. The m6A reader YTHDF1 positively regulated the translation of TRAF6 mRNA, and chronic morphine treatments enhanced the m6A modification of TRAF6 mRNA. TRAF6 protein expression was drastically reduced by YTHDF1 knockdown, although TRAF6 mRNA levels were unaffected. By reducing inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB, targeted reduction of YTHDF1 or suppression of TRAF6 activity in ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) slows the development of morphine analgesic tolerance and MIH. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of morphine analgesic tolerance and MIH indicating that YTHDF1 regulates inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB by enhancing TRAF6 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handong Ouyang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing Zhang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Chi
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongtian Huang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxiu Huang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Huang
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- grid.488530.20000 0004 1803 6191Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Rd East, Guangzhou, China ,grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yangjiang Road West, Guangzhou, China
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El Jordi O, Fischer KD, Meyer TB, Atwood BK, Oblak AL, Pan RW, McKinzie DL. Microglial knockdown does not affect acute withdrawal but delays analgesic tolerance from oxycodone in male and female C57BL/6J mice. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2022; 2:10848. [PMID: 38390615 PMCID: PMC10880796 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2022.10848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) affects approximately 8%-12% of the population. In dependent individuals, abrupt cessation of opioid taking results in adverse withdrawal symptoms that reinforce drug taking behavior. Considerable unmet clinical need exists for new pharmacotherapies to treat opioid withdrawal as well as improve long-term abstinence. The neuroimmune system has received much scientific attention in recent years as a potential therapeutic target to combat various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including addiction. However, the specific contribution of microglia has not been investigated in oxycodone dependence. Chronic daily treatment with the CSF1R inhibitor Pexidartinib (PLX3397) was administered to knockdown microglia expression and evaluate consequences on analgesia and on naloxone induced withdrawal from oxycodone. In vivo results indicated that an approximately 40% reduction in brain IBA1 staining was achieved in the PLX treatment group, which was associated with a delay in the development of analgesic tolerance to oxycodone and maintained antinociceptive efficacy. Acute withdrawal behavioral symptoms, brain astrocyte expression, and levels of many neuroinflammatory markers were not affected by PLX treatment. KC/GRO (also known as CXCL1) was significantly enhanced in the somatosensory cortex in oxycodone-treated mice receiving PLX. Microglial knock-down did not affect the expression of naloxoneinduced opioid withdrawal but affected antinociceptive responsivity. The consequences of increased KC/GRO expression within the somatosensory cortex due to microglial reduction during opioid dependence are unclear but may be important for neural pathways mediating opioid-induced analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar El Jordi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kathryn D Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Timothy B Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brady K Atwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Raymond W Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - David L McKinzie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Liu X, Bae C, Gelman BB, Chung JM, Tang SJ. A neuron-to-astrocyte Wnt5a signal governs astrogliosis during HIV-associated pain pathogenesis. Brain 2022; 145:4108-4123. [PMID: 35040478 PMCID: PMC10200293 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is the most common neurological disorder of HIV patients. Multiple neuropathologies were identified in the pain pathway. Among them is the prominent astrocytic reaction (also know an astrogliosis). However, the pathogenic role and mechanism of the astrogliosis are unclear. Here, we show that the astrogliosis is crucial for the pain development induced by a key neurotoxic HIV protein gp120 and that a neuron-to-astrocyte Wnt5a signal controls the astrogliosis. Ablation of astrogliosis blocked the development of gp120-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, and concomitantly the expression of neural circuit polarization in the spinal dorsal horn. We demonstrated that conditional knockout of either Wnt5a in neurons or its receptor ROR2 in astrocytes abolished not only gp120-induced astrogliosis but also hyperalgesia and neural circuit polarization. Furthermore, we found that the astrogliosis promoted expression of hyperalgesia and NCP via IL-1β regulated by a Wnt5a-ROR2-MMP2 axis. Our results shed light on the role and mechanism of astrogliosis in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Stony Brook University Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC) and Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Chilman Bae
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Benjamin B Gelman
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jin Mo Chung
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shao-Jun Tang
- Stony Brook University Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC) and Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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21
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Smiley CE, Wood SK. Stress- and drug-induced neuroimmune signaling as a therapeutic target for comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108212. [PMID: 35580690 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Stress and substance use disorders remain two of the most highly prevalent psychiatric conditions and are often comorbid. While individually these conditions have a debilitating impact on the patient and a high cost to society, the symptomology and treatment outcomes are further exacerbated when they occur together. As such, there are few effective treatment options for these patients, and recent investigation has sought to determine the neural processes underlying the co-occurrence of these disorders to identify novel treatment targets. One such mechanism that has been linked to stress- and addiction-related conditions is neuroimmune signaling. Increases in inflammatory factors across the brain have been heavily implicated in the etiology of these disorders, and this review seeks to determine the nature of this relationship. According to the "dual-hit" hypothesis, also referred to as neuroimmune priming, prior exposure to either stress or drugs of abuse can sensitize the neuroimmune system to be hyperresponsive when exposed to these insults in the future. This review completes an examination of the literature surrounding stress-induced increases in inflammation across clinical and preclinical studies along with a summarization of the evidence regarding drug-induced alterations in inflammatory factors. These changes in neuroimmune profiles are also discussed within the context of their impact on the neural circuitry responsible for stress responsiveness and addictive behaviors. Further, this review explores the connection between neuroimmune signaling and susceptibility to these conditions and highlights the anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapies that may be used for the treatment of stress and substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora E Smiley
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience; University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States of America; WJB Dorn Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29209, United States of America.
| | - Susan K Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience; University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, United States of America; WJB Dorn Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, SC 29209, United States of America.
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22
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Bongiovanni AR, Zhao P, Inan S, Wiah S, Shekarabi A, Farkas DJ, Watson MN, Wimmer ME, Ruff MR, Rawls SM. Multi-chemokine receptor antagonist RAP-103 inhibits opioid-derived respiratory depression, reduces opioid reinforcement and physical dependence, and normalizes opioid-induced dysregulation of mesolimbic chemokine receptors in rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 238:109556. [PMID: 35843139 PMCID: PMC9444981 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine-opioid crosstalk is a physiological crossroads for influencing therapeutic and adverse effects of opioids. Activation of chemokine receptors, especially CCR2, CCR5 and CXCR4, reduces opioid-induced analgesia by desensitizing OPRM1 receptors. Chemokine receptor antagonists (CRAs) enhance opioid analgesia, but knowledge about how CRAs impact adverse opioid effects remains limited. We examined effects of RAP-103, a multi-CRA orally active peptide analog of "DAPTA", on opioid-derived dependence, reinforcement, and respiratory depression in male rats and on changes in chemokine and OPRM1 (µ opioid) receptor levels in mesolimbic substrates during opioid abstinence. In rats exposed to chronic morphine (75 mg pellet x 7 d), daily RAP-103 (1 mg/kg, IP) treatment reduced the severity of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal responses. For self-administration (SA) studies, RAP-103 (1 mg/kg, IP) reduced heroin acquisition (0.1 mg/kg/inf) and reinforcing efficacy (assessed by motivation on a progressive-ratio reinforcement schedule) but did not impact sucrose intake. RAP-103 (1-3 mg/kg, IP) also normalized the deficits in oxygen saturation and enhancement of respiratory rate caused by morphine (5 mg/kg, SC) exposure. Abstinence from chronic morphine elicited brain-region specific changes in chemokine receptor protein levels. CCR2 and CXCR4 were increased in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), whereas CCR2 and CCR5 were reduced in the nucleus accumbens (NAC). Effects of RAP-103 (1 mg/kg, IP) were focused in the NAC, where it normalized morphine-induced deficits in CCR2 and CCR5. These results identify CRAs as potential biphasic function opioid signaling modulators to enhance opioid analgesia and inhibit opioid-derived dependence and respiratory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Bongiovanni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pingwei Zhao
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saadet Inan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sonita Wiah
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aryan Shekarabi
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Farkas
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mia N Watson
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathieu E Wimmer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Scott M Rawls
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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23
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Toloff K, Woodcock EA. Is the Neuroimmune System a Therapeutic Target for Opioid Use Disorder? A Systematic Review. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2022; 10:2955. [PMID: 37744743 PMCID: PMC10516332 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v10i8.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an epidemic in the United States. In the past 12 months alone, there have been 75,000+ deaths attributed to opioid overdose: more than any other year in American history. Current pharmacotherapies for the treatment of OUD effectively suppress opioid withdrawal symptoms, but long-term relapse rates remain unacceptably high. Novel treatments for OUD are desperately needed to curb this epidemic. One target that has received considerable recent interest is the neuroimmune system. The neuroimmune system is anchored by glial cells, i.e., microglia and astrocytes, but neuroimmune signaling is known to influence neurons, including altering neurotransmission, synapse formation, and ultimately, brain function. Preclinical studies have shown that experimental attenuation of pro-inflammatory neuroimmune signaling modulates opioid addiction processes, including opioid reward, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms, which suggests potential therapeutic benefit in patients. Whereas the peripheral immune system in OUD patients has been studied for decades and is well-understood, little is known about the neuroimmune system in OUD patients or its viability as a treatment target. Herein, we review the literature describing relationships between opioid administration and the neuroimmune system, the influence of neuroimmune signaling on opioid addiction processes, and the therapeutic potential for targeting the neuroimmune system in OUD subjects using glial modulator medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Toloff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Eric A. Woodcock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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24
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Sun C, Tao X, Wan C, Zhang X, Zhao M, Xu M, Wang P, Liu Y, Wang C, Xi Q, Song T. Spinal Cord Stimulation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Attenuating Microglial Activation via Reducing Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Levels in the Spinal Cord in a Rat Model of Chronic Constriction Injury. Anesth Analg 2022; 135:178-190. [PMID: 35709447 PMCID: PMC9172898 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an emerging, minimally invasive procedure used to treat patients with intractable chronic pain conditions. Although several signaling pathways have been proposed to account for SCS-mediated pain relief, the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recent evidence reveals that injured sensory neuron-derived colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) induces microglial activation in the spinal cord, contributing to the development of neuropathic pain (NP). Here, we tested the hypothesis that SCS relieves pain in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) by attenuating microglial activation via blocking CSF1 to the spinal cord. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats underwent sciatic nerve ligation to induce CCI and were implanted with an epidural SCS lead. SCS was delivered 6 hours per day for 5 days. Some rats received a once-daily intrathecal injection of CSF1 for 3 days during SCS. RESULTS Compared with naive rats, CCI rats had a marked decrease in the mechanical withdrawal threshold of the paw, along with increased microglial activation and augmented CSF1 levels in the spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion, as measured by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. SCS significantly increased the mechanical withdrawal threshold and attenuated microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn in CCI rats, which were associated with reductions in CSF1 levels in the spinal dorsal horn and dorsal roots but not dorsal root ganglion. Moreover, intrathecal injection of CSF1 completely abolished SCS-induced changes in the mechanical withdrawal threshold and activation of microglia in the spinal dorsal horn in CCI rats. CONCLUSIONS SCS reduces microglial activation in the spinal cord and alleviates chronic NP, at least in part by inhibiting the release of CSF1 from the dorsal root ganglion ipsilateral to nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Sun
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pain Medicine, People's Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshu Tao
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengfu Wan
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zhang
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Xu
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pinying Wang
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Xi
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Song
- From the Department of Pain Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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25
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Thomas JHL, Lui L, Abell A, Tieu W, Somogyi AA, Bajic JE, Hutchinson MR. Toll-like receptors change morphine-induced antinociception, tolerance and dependence: Studies using male and female TLR and signalling gene KO mice. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 102:71-85. [PMID: 35131445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR) have been proposed as a site of action that alters opioid pharmacodynamics. However, a comprehensive assessment of acute opioid antinociception, tolerance and withdrawal behaviours in genetic null mutant strains with altered innate immune signalling has not been performed. Nor has the impact of genetic deletion of TLR2/4 on high-affinity opioid receptor binding. Here we show that diminished TLR signalling potentiates acute morphine antinociception equally in male and female mice. However, only male TIR8 null mutant mice showed reduced morphine analgesia. Analgesic tolerance was prevented in TLR2 and TLR4 null mutants, but not MyD88 animals. Withdrawal behaviours were only protected in TLR2-/- mice. In silico docking simulations revealed opioid ligands bound preferentially to the LPS binding pocket of MD-2 rather than TLR4. There was no binding of [3H](-)-naloxone or [3H]diprenorphine to TLR4 in the concentrations explored. These data confirm that opioids have high efficacy activity at innate immune pattern recognition binding sites but do not bind to TLR4 and identify critical pathway and sex-specific effects of the complex innate immune signalling contributions to opioid pharmacodynamics. These data further support the behavioural importance of the TLR-opioid interaction but fail to demonstrate direct evidence for high-affinity binding of the TLR4 signalling complex to ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H L Thomas
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Liang Lui
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew Abell
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - William Tieu
- Discipline of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew A Somogyi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Juliana E Bajic
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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26
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Vincenzi M, Milella MS, D’Ottavio G, Caprioli D, Reverte I, Maftei D. Targeting Chemokines and Chemokine GPCRs to Enhance Strong Opioid Efficacy in Neuropathic Pain. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030398. [PMID: 35330149 PMCID: PMC8955776 DOI: 10.3390/life12030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) originates from an injury or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. This heterogeneous origin and the possible association with other pathologies make the management of NP a real challenge. To date, there are no satisfactory treatments for this type of chronic pain. Even strong opioids, the gold-standard analgesics for nociceptive and cancer pain, display low efficacy and the paradoxical ability to exacerbate pain sensitivity in NP patients. Mounting evidence suggests that chemokine upregulation may be a common mechanism driving NP pathophysiology and chronic opioid use-related consequences (analgesic tolerance and hyperalgesia). Here, we first review preclinical studies on the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the development and maintenance of NP. Second, we examine the change in chemokine expression following chronic opioid use and the crosstalk between chemokine and opioid receptors. Then, we examine the effects of inhibiting specific chemokines or chemokine receptors as a strategy to increase opioid efficacy in NP. We conclude that strong opioids, along with drugs that block specific chemokine/chemokine receptor axis, might be the right compromise for a favorable risk/benefit ratio in NP management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vincenzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Michele Stanislaw Milella
- Toxicology and Poison Control Center Unit, Department of Emergency, Anesthesia and Critical Care, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ginevra D’Ottavio
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), 00143 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (D.C.)
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Caprioli
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), 00143 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (D.C.)
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ingrid Reverte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), 00143 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (I.R.)
| | - Daniela Maftei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), 00143 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (D.C.)
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27
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Somogyi AA, Musolino ST, Barratt DT. New pharmacological perspectives and therapeutic options for opioids: Differences matter. Anaesth Intensive Care 2022; 50:127-140. [PMID: 35112584 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x211063891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Opioids remain the major drug class for the treatment of acute, chronic and cancer pain, but have major harmful effects such as dependence and opioid-induced ventilatory impairment. Although no new typical opioids have come onto the market in the past almost 50 years, a plethora of new innovative formulations has been developed to meet the clinical need. This review is intended to shed light on new understanding of the molecular pharmacology of opioids, which has arisen largely due to the genomic revolution, and what new drugs may become available in the coming years. Atypical opioids have and are being developed which not only target the mu opioid receptor but other targets in the pain pathway. Biased mu agonists have been developed but remain 'unbiased' clinically. The contribution of drugs targeting non-mu opioid receptors either alone or as heterodimers shows potential promise but remains understudied. That gene splice variants of the mu opioid receptor produce multiple receptor isoforms in different brain regions, and may change with pain chronicity and phenotype, presents new challenges but also opportunities for precision pain medicine. Finally, that opioids also have pro-inflammatory effects not aligned with mu opioid receptor binding affinity implicates a fresh understanding of their role in chronic pain, whether cancer or non-cancer. Hopefully, a new understanding of opioid analgesic drug action may lead to new drug development and better precision medicine in acute and chronic pain relief with less patient harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Somogyi
- Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stefan T Musolino
- Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniel T Barratt
- Discipline of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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28
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Wan L, Jia RM, Ji LL, Qin XM, Hu L, Hu F, Han Y, Pan YB, Jiang CY, Liu WT. AMPK-autophagy-mediated inhibition of microRNA-30a-5p alleviates morphine tolerance via SOCS3-dependent neuroinflammation suppression. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35093117 PMCID: PMC8800317 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of morphine tolerance is a clinical challenge for managing severe pain. Studies have shown that neuroinflammation is a critical aspect for the development of analgesic tolerance. We found that AMPK-autophagy activation could suppress neuroinflammation and improve morphine tolerance via the upregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) by inhibiting the processing and maturation of microRNA-30a-5p. METHODS CD-1 mice were utilized for the tail-flick test to evaluate morphine tolerance. The microglial cell line BV-2 was utilized to investigate the mechanism of AMPK-autophagy-mediated posttranscriptional regulation of SOCS3. Proinflammatory cytokines were measured by western blotting and real-time PCR. The levels of SOCS3 and miRNA-processing enzymes were evaluated by western blotting, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Based on experimental verification, miRNA-30a-5p could negatively regulate SOCS3. The AMPK activators AICAR, resveratrol and metformin downregulated miRNA-30a-5p. We found that AMPK activators specifically inhibited the processing and maturation of miRNA-30a-5p in microglia by degrading DICER and AGO2 via autophagy. Furthermore, a miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor significantly improved morphine tolerance via upregulation of SCOS3 in mice. It markedly increased the level of SOCS3 in the spinal cord of mice and subsequently inhibited morphine-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. In addition, a miRNA-30a-5p inhibitor decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α caused by morphine in microglia. CONCLUSION AMPK-autophagy activation suppresses neuroinflammation and improves morphine tolerance via the upregulation of SOCS3 by inhibiting miRNA-30a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ru-Meng Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Lu Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Miao Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yin-Bing Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Yi Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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29
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Green JM, Sundman MH, Chou YH. Opioid-induced microglia reactivity modulates opioid reward, analgesia, and behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Bajic JE, Howarth GS, Mashtoub S, Whittaker AL, Bobrovskaya L, Hutchinson MR. Neuroimmunological complications arising from chemotherapy-induced gut toxicity and opioid exposure in female dark agouti rats. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:237-250. [PMID: 34510524 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer patients may experience symptom clusters, including chemotherapy-induced (CI) gut toxicity (CIGT) and cognitive impairment. Analgesic selection for pain associated with CIGT is difficult as opioids induce glial reactivity and unwanted side effects. This study quantified central glial reactivity and proinflammatory effects in rats with CIGT using three mechanistically different analgesics. Regional adaptations were indicative of immune-to-brain signaling routes. Utilizing a 5-fluorouracil-induced GT (5IGT) rat model and analgesic intervention (carprofen (CAR), buprenorphine (BUP), and tramadol (TRAM)), spinal and brain neuroimmune modulation was examined via microglial, astrocyte, and proinflammatory (cluster of differentiation molecule 11b; CD11b, glial fibrillary associated protein; GFAP, and interleukin-1 beta; IL1β) reactivity marker expression changes by western blot analysis. 5IGT significantly increased thoracic GFAP (p < 0.05) and IL-1β (p < 0.0001) expression, CAR and BUP ameliorated these effects. BUP and TRAM with 5-FU synergistically increased hippocampal GFAP expression. CAR administered with 5IGT significantly elevated hippocampal and thoracic CD11b expression levels (p < 0.05). The neuroimmune responses observed in this study suggest activation of peripheral-to-central immune signaling pathways. We speculate that the opioid-induced hippocampal changes inferred a humorally mediated mechanism, whereas thoracic neuroimmune modifications indicated activation of an indirect neural route. Although TRAM ameliorated 5IGT-intestinal inflammation, this opioid presents complications relating to bodyweight and regional glial dysregulation (neuroinflammation) and may not be optimal in the management of pain associated with 5IGT. The chemotherapy-induced gut-derived neuroimmune consequences observed suggest a potential mechanistic contribution to central components of the cancer symptom cluster experience, while the opioid-related glial changes have implications for optimal pain management in this setting warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Esma Bajic
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gordon Stanley Howarth
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
- Gastroenterology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Suzanne Mashtoub
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Gastroenterology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark Rowland Hutchinson
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Inan S, Chen X, Eisenstein EM, Meissler JJ, Geller EB, Tallarida C, Watson M, Doura M, Barrett JE, Cowan A, Rawls SM, Adler MW, Eisenstein TK. Chemokine receptor antagonists enhance morphine's antinociceptive effect but not respiratory depression. Life Sci 2021; 285:120014. [PMID: 34619167 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We have shown that chemokines injected into the periaqueductal gray region of the brain blocks opioid-induced analgesia in the rat cold-water tail flick test (CWTF). The present experiments tested whether chemokine receptor antagonists (CRAs), in combination with sub-analgesic doses of morphine, would provide maximal analgesia in the CWTF test and the mouse formalin pain assay. The effect of CRAs on respiratory depression was also evaluated. MAIN METHODS One, two or four CRAs (AMD3100/CXCR4, maraviroc/CCR5, RS504393/CCR2 orAZD8797/CX3CR1) were used in combination with sub-analgesic doses of morphine, all given systemically. Pain was assessed using the rat CWTF test or formalin injection into the paw of mice scored by licking. Respiration and oxygen saturation were measured in rats using a MouseOX® Plus - pulse oximeter. KEY FINDINGS In the CWTF test, a sub-maximal dose of morphine in combination with maraviroc alone, maraviroc plus AMD3100, or with the four chemokine receptor antagonists, produced synergistic increases in antinociception. In the formalin test, the combination of four CRAs plus a sub-maximal dose of morphine resulted in increased antinociception in both male and female mice. AMD3100 had an additive effect with morphine in both sexes. Coadministration of CRAs with morphine did not potentiate the opioid respiratory depressive effect. SIGNIFICANCE These results support the conclusion that combinations of CRAs can increase the potency of sub-analgesic doses of morphine analgesia without increasing respiratory depression. The results support an "opioid sparing" strategy for alleviation of pain using reduced doses of opioids in combination with CRAs to achieve maximal analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadet Inan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Eric M Eisenstein
- Departments of Statistical Science and Marketing, Fox School of Business at Temple University,1810 Liacouras Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Joseph J Meissler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen B Geller
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Christopher Tallarida
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mia Watson
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Menahem Doura
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - James E Barrett
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Alan Cowan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Scott M Rawls
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Martin W Adler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Toby K Eisenstein
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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32
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Intrathecal implantation surgical considerations in rodents; a review. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109327. [PMID: 34418443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intrathecal access in humans is a routine clinical intervention. However, intrathecal access is limited to drug delivery purposes in rodents, and intrathecal implantation is not a common surgical practice. Preclinically, we have successfully adopted different intrathecal implantation surgical methods for different implant materials in rodents. However, employing the appropriate intrathecal implantation method is a challenging process for surgeons, which includes several steps such as preoperative evaluations and postoperative care. The aim of this review is to define and compare the major documented surgical approaches applicable for intrathecal implantation in rodents along with the associated side effects, as well as highlighting the critical preoperative and postoperative considerations. Overall, this review will provide surgeons with the principles of intrathecal implantation approaches applicable for different implant materials.
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33
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Micheli L, Durante M, Lucarini E, Sgambellone S, Lucarini L, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Masini E. The Histamine H 4 Receptor Participates in the Anti-Neuropathic Effect of the Adenosine A 3 Receptor Agonist IB-MECA: Role of CD4 + T Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101447. [PMID: 34680083 PMCID: PMC8533073 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonists have emerged as potent relievers of neuropathic pain by a T cell-mediated production of IL-10. The H4 histamine receptor (H4R), also implicated in pain modulation, is expressed on T cells playing a preeminent role in its activation and release of IL-10. To improve the therapeutic opportunities, this study aimed to verify the hypothesis of a possible cross-talk between A3AR and H4R in the resolution of neuropathic pain. In the mouse model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI), the acute intraperitoneal co-administration of the A3AR agonist IB-MECA (0.5 mg/kg) and the H4R agonist VUF 8430 (10 mg/kg), were additive in counteracting mechano-allodynia increasing IL-10 plasma levels. In H4R−/− mice, IB-MECA activity was reduced, lower pain relief and lower modulation of plasma IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were shown. The complete anti-allodynia effect of IB-MECA in H4R−/− mice was restored after intravenous administration of CD4+ T cells obtained from naïve wild type mice. In conclusion, a role of the histaminergic system in the mechanism of A3AR-mediated neuropathic pain relief was suggested highlighting the driving force evoked by CD4+ T cells throughout IL-10 up-regulation.
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34
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Gaudet AD, Fonken LK, Ayala MT, Maier SF, Watkins LR. Aging and miR-155 in mice influence survival and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 97:365-370. [PMID: 34284114 PMCID: PMC8453092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits chronic pain in 65% of individuals. In addition, SCI afflicts an increasing number of aged individuals, and those with SCI are predisposed to shorter lifespan. Our group previously identified that deletion of the microRNA miR-155 reduced neuroinflammation and locomotor deficits after SCI. Here, we hypothesized that aged mice would be more susceptible to pain symptoms and death soon after SCI, and that miR-155 deletion would reduce pain symptoms in adult and aged mice and improve survival. Adult (2 month-old) and aged (20 month-old) female wildtype (WT) and miR-155 knockout (KO) mice received T9 contusion SCI. Aged WT mice displayed reduced survival and increased autotomy - a symptom of spontaneous pain. In contrast, aged miR-155 KO mice after SCI were less susceptible to death or spontaneous pain. Evoked pain symptoms were tested using heat (Hargreaves test) and mechanical (von Frey) stimuli. At baseline, aged mice showed heightened heat sensitivity. After SCI, adult and aged WT and miR-155 KO mice all exhibited heat and mechanical hypersensitivity at all timepoints. miR-155 deletion in adult (but not aged) mice reduced mechanical hypersensitivity at 7 and 14 d post-SCI. Therefore, aging predisposes mice to SCI-elicited spontaneous pain and expedited mortality. miR-155 deletion in adult mice reduces evoked pain symptoms, and miR-155 deletion in aged mice reduces spontaneous pain and expedited mortality post-SCI. This study highlights the importance of studying geriatric models of SCI, and that inflammatory mediators such as miR-155 are promising targets after SCI for improving pain relief and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Gaudet
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
| | - Laura K Fonken
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
| | - Monica T Ayala
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
| | - Steven F Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 2860 Wilderness Place, UCB 603, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
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35
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Morphine promotes microglial activation by upregulating the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256870. [PMID: 34520454 PMCID: PMC8439491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although they represent the cornerstone of analgesic therapy, opioids, such as morphine, are limited in efficacy by drug tolerance, hyperalgesia and other side effects. Activation of microglia and the consequent production of proinflammatory cytokines play a key pathogenic role in morphine tolerance, but the exact mechanisms are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on microglial activation induced by morphine in mouse microglial BV-2 cells. In this research, BV-2 cells were stimulated with morphine or pretreated with AG1478 (an inhibitor of EGFR). Expression levels of cluster of differentiation molecule 11b (CD11b), EGFR, and phospho-EGFR were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Cell signaling was assayed by Western blot. The migration ability of BV-2 cells was tested by Transwell assay. The production of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the cell supernatant was determined by ELISA. We observed that the expression of CD11b induced by morphine was increased in a dose- and time- dependent manner in BV-2 cells. Phosphorylation levels of EGFR and ERK1/2, migration of BV-2 cells, and production of IL-1β and TNFα were markedly enhanced by morphine treatment. The activation, migration, and production of proinflammatory cytokines in BV-2 cells were inhibited by blocking the EGFR signaling pathway with AG1478. The present study demonstrated that the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway may represent a novel pharmacological strategy to suppress morphine tolerance through attenuation of microglial activation.
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Wei S, Han CZY, Wang J, Li K, Ru QM, Wang Y, Ma MT, Wang LQ, Liu X, Wang R. Repeated Endomorphin Analogue MEL-0614 Reduces Tolerance and Improves Chronic Postoperative Pain without Modulating the P2X7R Signaling Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3124-3139. [PMID: 34351126 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical treatment of chronic postoperative pain (CPSP) remains challenging. The side effects of chronic morphine treatment limit its clinical application. MEL-0614, a novel endomorphin analogue that is highly selective and agonistic for μ opioid receptor (MOR), produces a more powerful analgesic effect than that of morphine. In this study, we explored the difference in antinociceptive tolerance and related mechanisms between MEL-0614 and morphine in CPSP induced in a skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) mice model. We found that acute administration of MEL-0614 (1, 3, 5, and 10 nmol, i.t.) produced a dose-dependent analgesic effect that was superior to that of morphine in the SMIR mice model. Long-term MEL-0614 treatment (10 nmol, i.t.) did not induce tolerance compared with morphine. Notably, tolerance induced by morphine could be greatly prevented and/or inhibited via cross-administration or coadministration between MEL-0614 and morphine. In addition, MEL-0614 accelerated the recovery of postoperative pain, whereas morphine aggravated postoperative pain and prolonged its recovery time regardless of preoperative or postoperative treatment. In addition, MEL-0614 did not activate microglia and the P2X7R signaling pathway and showed reduced expression iba1 and P2X7R compared with that observed after morphine administration. Release of inflammatory factors was induced by continued administration of morphine during SMIR surgery, but MEL-0614 did not promote the activation of inflammatory factors. Our results showed that MEL-0614 has superior analgesic effects in CPSP and leads to tolerance to a lesser degree than morphine. Further, MEL-0614 may be used as a promising treatment option for the long-term treatment in CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao-Zhen-Yi Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiao-Min Ru
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Meng-Tao Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lin-Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Zhou J, Ma R, Jin Y, Fang J, Du J, Shao X, Liang Y, Fang J. Molecular mechanisms of opioid tolerance: From opioid receptors to inflammatory mediators (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1004. [PMID: 34345286 PMCID: PMC8311239 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are considered the most effective analgesics for the treatment of both acute and chronic pain. However, prolonged opioid use can induce a certain level of tolerance to its analgesic effects, leading to a reduction in its effectiveness, addiction and abuse. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance may provide insights into this phenomenon and aid in the development of novel methods to combat the side effects of opioid tolerance. The present review focused on two major contributors to tolerance, opioid receptors and inflammatory mediators. The molecular mechanisms involved in the desensitization of the opioid receptors were briefly described, including their phosphorylation, internalisation and recycling. Subsequently, the effects of Toll like receptor 4/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3-mediated proinflammatory responses in opioid tolerance were discussed, aiming in supporting the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Junfan Fang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Junying Du
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Shao
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Kashiwagi Y, Yi H, Liu S, Takahashi K, Hayashi K, Ikegami D, Zhu X, Gu J, Hao S. Mitochondrial biogenesis factor PGC-1α suppresses spinal morphine tolerance by reducing mitochondrial superoxide. Exp Neurol 2021; 339:113622. [PMID: 33516729 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Opioid use disorders (OUDs) have reached an epidemic level in the United States. The opioid epidemic involves illicit opioid use, prescription opioids for analgesia, counterfeit opioids, new psychoactive substances, and diverted opioids. Opioids remain the last option for the treatment of intractable clinical pain, but chronic use of opioids are limited in part due to antinociceptive/analgesic tolerance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α), a mitochondrial biogenesis factor can reduce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play a role in morphine tolerance (MT). Decreased PGC-1α expression has been shown to contribute to various metabolic disorders or neurodegeneration diseases through increasing ROS. We examined the relationship of PGC-1α and ROS in MT. To induce MT, adult Sprague-Dawley rats received intrathecal morphine for 7 days. Mechanical threshold was measured using the von Frey test and thermal latency was examined using the heat plate test. Expression of PGC-1α in the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) was examined using RT-PCR and western blots. Mitochondrial superoxide was detected using MitoSox Red, a mitochondrial superoxide indicator. The antinociceptive effect of recombinant PGC-1α (rPGC-1α) or Mito-Tempol (a mitochondria-targeted superoxide scavenger) was determined using the von Frey test and hot plate test. Furthermore, we examined the effect of rPGC-1α on mitochondrial superoxide using cultured neurons. Our findings include that: (i) spinal MT decreased the expression of spinal PGC-1α in the SCDH neurons; (ii) rPGC-1α increased mechanical threshold and thermal latency in MT animals; (iii) Mito-Tempol reduced MT behavioral response; (iv) rPGC-1α reduced MT-induced mitochondria-targeted superoxide; and (v) cultured neuronal cells treated with TNFα increased mitochondria-targeted superoxide that can be inhibited by rPGC-1α. The present findings suggest that spinal PGC-1α reduce MT through decreasing mitochondria-targeted superoxide in the SCDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kashiwagi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Hyun Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Shue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Keiya Takahashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Kentaro Hayashi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Daigo Ikegami
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Shuanglin Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
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Wang H, Huang M, Wang W, Zhang Y, Ma X, Luo L, Xu X, Xu L, Shi H, Xu Y, Wang A, Xu T. Microglial TLR4-induced TAK1 phosphorylation and NLRP3 activation mediates neuroinflammation and contributes to chronic morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105482. [PMID: 33549727 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this work was to investigate the role and signal transduction of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in microglial in the development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance. METHODS TLR4 and NLRP3 knockout mice and 5Z-7-oxozeaeno (a selective inhibitor against TAK1 activity) were used to observe their effect on the development of morphine tolerance. Intrathecal injections of morphine (0.75 mg/kg once daily for 7 days) were used to establish anti-nociceptive tolerance, which was measured by the tail-flick test. Spinal TLR4, TAK1, and NLRP3 expression levels and phosphorylation of TAK1 were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Repeated treatment with morphine increased total expression of spinal TLR4, TAK1, and NLRP3 and phosphorylation of TAK1 in wild-type mice. TLR4 knockout attenuated morphine-induced tolerance and inhibited the chronic morphine-induced increase in NLRP3 and phosphorylation of TAK1. Compared with controls, mice that received 5Z-7-oxozeaenol showed decreased development of morphine tolerance and inhibition on repeated morphine-induced increase of NLRP3 but not TLR4. NLRP3 knockout mice showed resistance to morphine-induced analgesic tolerance with no effect on chronic morphine-induced expression of TLR4 and TAK1. TLR4, TAK1, and NLRP3 were collectively co-localized together and with the microglia marker Iba1. CONCLUSIONS Microglial TLR4 regulates TAK1 expression and phosphorylation and results in NLRP3 activation contributes to the development of morphine tolerance through regulating neuroinflammation. Targeting TLR4-TAK1-NLRP3 signaling to regulate neuro-inflammation will be alternative therapeutics and strategies for chronic morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong 226300, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Limin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaotao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Heart Health Center, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yongming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong 226300, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Clinic, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
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40
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Malik Z, Abbas M, Al Kury LT, Shah FA, Alam M, Khan AU, Nadeem H, Alghamdi S, Sahibzada MUK, Li S. Thiazolidine Derivatives Attenuate Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Pain in Mice. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:369-384. [PMID: 33574656 PMCID: PMC7871178 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s281559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral inflammation leads to the development of persistent thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia associated with increased expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the spinal cord. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thiazolidine derivatives, 1b ([2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-yl](morpholin-4-yl)methanone) and 1d (2-hydroxy-4-{[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carbonyl]amino}benzoic acid), on thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia and on IL-1β expression during carrageenan-induced inflammation in the spinal cord in mice. Inflammatory pain was induced by injecting 1% carrageenan into the right hind paw of the mice. METHODS The animals were administered thiazolidine derivatives, 1b and 1d (1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg), intraperitoneally 30 minutes before carrageenan administration. The animals' behavior was evaluated by measuring thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, and motor coordination. The IL-1β expression was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicity profile of compounds. RESULTS Treatment with the thiazolidine derivative, 1b and 1d, attenuated carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia at doses of 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg. No motor coordination deficits were observed in animals. The compounds also reduced IL-1β expression in the spinal cord of mice. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies revealed that both compounds were safe. CONCLUSION The compounds exhibit promising activity against inflammatory pain due to their ability to produce anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic effects and to inhibit IL-1β expression in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkifal Malik
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Abbas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lina Tariq Al Kury
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Cavalcanti MRM, Passos FRS, Monteiro BS, Gandhi SR, Heimfarth L, Lima BS, Nascimento YM, Duarte MC, Araujo AAS, Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Zengin G, Ceylan R, Aktumsek A, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Quintans JSS. HPLC-DAD-UV analysis, anti-inflammatory and anti-neuropathic effects of methanolic extract of Sideritis bilgeriana (lamiaceae) by NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 involvement. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113338. [PMID: 32920137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants remain an invaluable source for therapeutics of diseases that affect humanity. Sideritis bilgeriana (Lamiaceae) is medicinal plant used in Turkey folk medicine to reduce inflammation and pain, but few studies scientific corroborates its medicinal use so creating a gap between popular use and scientific evidence. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the pharmacological effects of the methanolic extract of S. bilgeriana (MESB) in rodents nociception models and also performed its phytochemical analysis. Firstly, a screening was carried out that enabled the identification of the presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. In view of this, a chromatographic method by HPLC-DAD-UV was developed that made it possible to identify chlorogenic acid and its quantification in MESB. MESB-treated mice (MESB 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced mechanical hyperalgesia and myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.01), and also showed a reduced pain behavior in capsaicin test. In the carrageenan-induced pleurisy test, MESB (100 mg/kg p.o.) significantly reduced the leukocyte (polymorphonuclear) count in the pleural cavity and equally decreased the TNF-α and IL-1β levels (p < 0.001). In the PSNL model, mechanical hyperalgesia was reduced on the first evaluation day and during the 7 days of evaluation compared to the vehicle group (p < 0.001). Thermal hyperalgesia was also reduced 1 h after treatment compared to the vehicle group (p < 0.001) and reversed the loss of force initially displayed by the animals, thus inferring an analgesic effect in the muscle strength test. Analysis of the marrow of these animals showed a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 (p < 0.001) and factor NF-κB, in relation to the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the MESB treatment produced no noticeable side effects, no disturb in motor performance and no signs of gastric or hepatic injury. Together, the results suggests that MESB could be useful to management of inflammation and neuropathic pain mainly by the management of pro-inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), so reinforcing its use in popular medicine and corroborating the need for further chemical and pharmacological studies for the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R M Cavalcanti
- Department of Physiology, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiolla R S Passos
- Department of Physiology, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Yuri M Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano A S Araujo
- Department of Pharmacy, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Irwin R A Menezes
- Graduate Program of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Graduate Program of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Ceylan
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology, Brazil; Graduate Program of Health Sciences. Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
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42
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Han QQ, Yin M, Wang ZY, Liu H, Ao JP, Wang YX. Cynandione A Alleviates Neuropathic Pain Through α7-nAChR-Dependent IL-10/β-Endorphin Signaling Complexes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:614450. [PMID: 33584292 PMCID: PMC7873367 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.614450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynandione A, an acetophenone isolated from Cynanchum Wilfordii Radix, exhibits antineuropathic pain effect. This study further explored the target molecule and signaling mechanisms underlying cynandione-A-induced antineuropathic pain. Intrathecal injection of cynandione A significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia in neuropathic rats and substantially increased spinal expression of IL-10 and β-endorphin but not dynorphin A. Cynandione A treatment also enhanced expression of IL-10 and β-endorphin but not α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in cultured microglia. The IL-10 antibody attenuated cynandione-A-induced spinal or microglial gene expression of β-endorphin and mechanical allodynia, whereas the β-endorphin antiserum blocked cynandione-A-induced mechanical antiallodynia but not spinal or microglial IL-10 gene expression. The α7 nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine significantly reduced cynandione-A-induced mechanical antiallodynia and spinal or microglial expression of IL-10 and β-endorphin. Furthermore, cynandione A stimulated microglial phosphorylation of PKA, p38, and CREB in an α7-nAChR-dependent manner, and treatment with their inhibitors attenuated cynandione-A-induced mechanical antiallodynia and spinal or microglial expression of IL-10 and β-endorphin. In addition, cynandione A stimulated spinal phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT3, which was inhibited by methyllycaconitine, the PKA activation inhibitor or IL-10 antibody. The STAT3 inhibitor NSC74859 also abolished cynandione-A-induced mechanical antiallodynia and spinal expression of β-endorphin. These findings suggest that cynandione A suppresses neuropathic pain through α7-nAChR-dependent IL-10/β-endorphin signaling pathway in spinal microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Han
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plants Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Ping Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wang
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
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43
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Taskiran AS, Avci O. Effect of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats, and elucidating the inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in this effect. Neurosci Lett 2021; 741:135504. [PMID: 33197521 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of current study was to examine the possible involvement of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on nociception, morphine analgesia and morphine tolerance development involving inflammation and ER-stress pathways in rats. In this study, thirty-six male Wistar rats were used. Animals were divided into six groups: Saline, 50 mg/kg captopril, 5 mg/kg morphine, morphine + captopril, morphine tolerance and morphine tolerance + captopril. The resulting analgesic effect was measured with hot plate and tail flick analgesia tests. The dorsal root ganglions (DRG) tissues were collected for inflammation parameters, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis proteins by using ELISA. Captopril showed anti-nociceptive effect when given alone (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). In addition, captopril increased the analgesic effect of morphine (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) and also decreased the tolerance to morphine at a significant level (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). However, it decreased inflammation and ER-stress when applied with single-dose morphine and tolerance induction (p < 0.001). Moreover, captopril decreased apoptosis proteins after tolerance development (p < 0.001). In conclusion, captopril has antinociceptive properties, increasing analgesic effect of morphine, and preventing tolerance development. These effects may occur by suppressing inflammation and ER-stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Sevki Taskiran
- Department of Physiology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Onur Avci
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
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44
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Koob GF. Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:163-201. [PMID: 33318153 PMCID: PMC7770492 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compulsive drug seeking that is associated with addiction is hypothesized to follow a heuristic framework that involves three stages (binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation) and three domains of dysfunction (incentive salience/pathologic habits, negative emotional states, and executive function, respectively) via changes in the basal ganglia, extended amygdala/habenula, and frontal cortex, respectively. This review focuses on neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations that contribute to hyperkatifeia, defined as a greater intensity of negative emotional/motivational signs and symptoms during withdrawal from drugs of abuse in the withdrawal/negative affect stage of the addiction cycle. Hyperkatifeia provides an additional source of motivation for compulsive drug seeking via negative reinforcement. Negative reinforcement reflects an increase in the probability of a response to remove an aversive stimulus or drug seeking to remove hyperkatifeia that is augmented by genetic/epigenetic vulnerability, environmental trauma, and psychiatric comorbidity. Neurobiological targets for hyperkatifeia in addiction involve neurocircuitry of the extended amygdala and its connections via within-system neuroadaptations in dopamine, enkephalin/endorphin opioid peptide, and γ-aminobutyric acid/glutamate systems and between-system neuroadaptations in prostress corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, glucocorticoid, dynorphin, hypocretin, and neuroimmune systems and antistress neuropeptide Y, nociceptin, endocannabinoid, and oxytocin systems. Such neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations are hypothesized to mediate a negative hedonic set point that gradually gains allostatic load and shifts from a homeostatic hedonic state to an allostatic hedonic state. Based on preclinical studies and translational studies to date, medications and behavioral therapies that reset brain stress, antistress, and emotional pain systems and return them to homeostasis would be promising new targets for medication development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The focus of this review is on neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations that contribute to hyperkatifeia, defined as a greater intensity of negative emotional/motivational signs and symptoms during withdrawal from drugs of abuse in the withdrawal/negative affect stage of the drug addiction cycle and a driving force for negative reinforcement in addiction. Medications and behavioral therapies that reverse hyperkatifeia by resetting brain stress, antistress, and emotional pain systems and returning them to homeostasis would be promising new targets for medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Koob
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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45
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AVCI O, TAŞKIRAN AŞ. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, increases the morphine analgesic effect and decreases morphine tolerance development by modulating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:2048-2058. [PMID: 32659878 PMCID: PMC7775719 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2005-256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Recent studies have shown that inflammation plays a role in morphine analgesia and tolerance development. Anakinra is a competitive inhibitor of IL-1 receptors and an antiinflammatory protein regulating IL-1β’s biological activity by avoiding signal transduction. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of anakinra on morphine analgesia and tolerance. Materials and methods In this study, 36 Wistar Albino (230–250 g) male rats were used. Animals were divided into 6 groups: saline (S), 100 mg/kg anakinra (A), 5mg/kg morphine (M), M+A, morphine tolerance (MT), and MT+A. The resulting analgesic effect was measured with hot plate and tail-flick analgesia tests. After the analgesia tests, the dorsal root ganglions (DRG) tissues were removed. Oxidative stress parameters [total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS)], endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis proteins [E74-like factor 2 (elF-2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-3, and bcl-2-associated X protein (bax)] were measured in DRG tissues. Results Anakinra showed an antinociceptive effect when given alone (P < 0.001). In addition, anakinra increased the analgesic effect of morphine (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), and also decreased the tolerance to morphine at a significant level (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). Moreover, it decreased oxidative stress and ER-stress when given as a single-dose morphine and tolerance induction (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001). Furthermore, anakinra decreased apoptosis proteins after tolerance development (P < 0.001). Conclusion Anakinra has antinociceptive properties, and it increases the analgesic effect of morphine and also prevents tolerance development. These effects probably occur by the modulation of oxidative stress and ER-stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur AVCI
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, SivasTurkey
| | - Ahmet Şevki TAŞKIRAN
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, SivasTurkey
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46
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Privorotskiy A, Bhavsar SP, Lang FF, Hu J, Cata JP. Impact of anesthesia and analgesia techniques on glioblastoma progression. A narrative review. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa123. [PMID: 33205044 PMCID: PMC7653686 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignant CNS tumor with a median survival of 15 months after diagnosis. Standard therapy for GBM includes surgical resection, radiation, and temozolomide. Recently, anesthetics and analgesics have received attention for their potential involvement in mediating tumor growth. This narrative review investigated whether various members of the 2 aforementioned classes of drugs have a definitive impact on GBM progression by summarizing pertinent in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Recent publications regarding general anesthetics have been inconsistent, showing that they can be pro-tumoral or antitumoral depending on the experimental context. The local anesthetic lidocaine has shown consistent antitumoral effects in vitro. Clinical studies looking at anesthetics have not concluded that their use improves patient outcomes. In vitro and in vivo studies looking at opioid involvement in GBM have demonstrated inconsistent findings regarding whether these drugs are pro-tumoral or antitumoral. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and specifically COX-2 inhibitors, have shown inconsistent findings across multiple studies looking at whether they are beneficial in halting GBM progression. Until multiple repeatable studies show that anesthetics and analgesics can suppress GBM growth, there is no strong evidence to recommend changes in the anesthetic care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shreyas P Bhavsar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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47
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Tu H, Chu H, Guan S, Hao F, Xu N, Zhao Z, Liang Y. The role of the M1/M2 microglia in the process from cancer pain to morphine tolerance. Tissue Cell 2020; 68:101438. [PMID: 33220596 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer pain, especially bone cancer pain, is a pain state often caused by inflammation or dysfunctional nerves. Moreover, in the management of cancer pain, opioid especially morphine is widely used, however, it also brings severe side effects such as morphine tolerance to the patient (Deandrea et al., 2008). A growing body of literatures demonstrated that neuroinflammation is mediated by microglia. As the macrophages like immune cells, microglia play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer pain and morphine tolerance. Microglia acquire different activation states to regulate the function of these cells. As to M1 phenotype, microglia release pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic molecules that promote inflammation and cytotoxic reactions. Conversely, when microglia represent M2 phenotypes secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines and nutrient factors that promote the function of repair, regeneration and restore homeostasis. A better understanding of microglia activation in cancer pain and morphine tolerance is crucial for the development of hypothesized neuroprotective drugs. Targeting microglia different polarization states by the inhibition of their deleterious pro-inflammatory neurotoxicity and/or enhancing their beneficial anti-inflammatory protective function seems to be an effective treatment for cancer pain and morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houan Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, China
| | - Haichen Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 59 Hai Er Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, China
| | - Sen Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, China
| | - Fengxi Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 59 Hai Er Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 59 Hai Er Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 59 Hai Er Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, China
| | - Yongxin Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, China.
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Doyle TM, Hutchinson MR, Braden K, Janes K, Staikopoulos V, Chen Z, Neumann WL, Spiegel S, Salvemini D. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 activation in the central nervous system contributes to morphine withdrawal in rodents. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:314. [PMID: 33092620 PMCID: PMC7584082 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid therapies for chronic pain are undermined by many adverse side effects that reduce their efficacy and lead to dependence, abuse, reduced quality of life, and even death. We have recently reported that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) 1 receptor (S1PR1) antagonists block the development of morphine-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. However, the impact of S1PR1 antagonists on other undesirable side effects of opioids, such as opioid-induced dependence, remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in mice altered de novo sphingolipid metabolism in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and increased S1P that accompanied the manifestation of several withdrawal behaviors. Blocking de novo sphingolipid metabolism with intrathecal administration of myriocin, an inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, blocked naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Noteworthy, we found that competitive (NIBR-15) and functional (FTY720) S1PR1 antagonists attenuated withdrawal behaviors in mice. Mechanistically, at the level of the spinal cord, naloxone-precipitated withdrawal was associated with increased glial activity and formation of the potent inflammatory/neuroexcitatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β); these events were attenuated by S1PR1 antagonists. These results provide the first molecular insight for the role of the S1P/S1PR1 axis during opioid withdrawal. Our data identify S1PR1 antagonists as potential therapeutics to mitigate opioid-induced dependence and support repurposing the S1PR1 functional antagonist FTY720, which is FDA-approved for multiple sclerosis, as an opioid adjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Doyle
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Discipline of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Kathryn Braden
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Kali Janes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Vicky Staikopoulos
- Discipline of Physiology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - William L Neumann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 200 University Park, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, 1101 E Marshall St, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
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49
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Fundamental sex differences in morphine withdrawal-induced neuronal plasticity. Pain 2020; 161:2022-2034. [PMID: 32345917 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Withdrawal from systemic opioids can induce long-term potentiation (LTP) at spinal C-fibre synapses ("opioid-withdrawal-LTP"). This is considered to be a cellular mechanism underlying opioid withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia, which is a major symptom of the opioid withdrawal syndrome. Opioids can activate glial cells leading to the release of proinflammatory mediators. These may influence synaptic plasticity and could thus contribute to opioid-withdrawal-LTP. Here, we report a sexual dimorphism in the mechanisms of morphine-withdrawal-LTP in adult rats. We recorded C-fibre-evoked field potentials in the spinal cord dorsal horn from deeply anaesthetised male and female rats. In both sexes, we induced a robust LTP through withdrawal from systemic morphine infusion (8 mg·kg-1 bolus, followed by a 1-hour infusion at a rate of 14 mg·kg-1·h-1). This paradigm also induced mechanical hypersensitivity of similar magnitude in both sexes. In male rats, systemic but not spinal application of (-)naloxone blocked the induction of morphine-withdrawal-LTP, suggesting the involvement of descending pronociceptive pathways. Furthermore, we showed that in male rats, the induction of morphine-withdrawal-LTP required the activation of spinal astrocytes and the release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1. In striking contrast, in female rats, the induction of morphine-withdrawal-LTP was independent of spinal glial cells. Instead, blocking µ-opioid receptors in the spinal cord was sufficient to prevent a facilitation of synaptic strength. Our study revealed fundamental sex differences in the mechanisms underlying morphine-withdrawal-LTP at C-fibre synapses: supraspinal and gliogenic mechanisms in males and a spinal, glial cell-independent mechanism in females.
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Abstract
Opioids are the most powerful analgesics available to date. However, they may also induce adverse effects including paradoxical opioid-induced hyperalgesia. A mechanism that might underlie opioid-induced hyperalgesia is the amplification of synaptic strength at spinal C-fibre synapses after withdrawal from systemic opioids such as remifentanil ("opioid-withdrawal long-term potentiation [LTP]"). Here, we show that both the induction as well as the maintenance of opioid-withdrawal LTP were abolished by pharmacological blockade of spinal glial cells. By contrast, the blockade of TLR4 had no effect on the induction of opioid-withdrawal LTP. D-serine, which may be released upon glial cell activation, was necessary for withdrawal LTP. D-serine is the dominant coagonist for neuronal NMDA receptors, which are required for the amplification of synaptic strength on remifentanil withdrawal. Unexpectedly, opioid-withdrawal LTP was transferable through the cerebrospinal fluid between animals. This suggests that glial-cell-derived mediators accumulate in the extracellular space and reach the cerebrospinal fluid at biologically active concentrations, thereby creating a soluble memory trace that is transferable to another animal ("transfer LTP"). When we enzymatically degraded D-serine in the superfusate, LTP could no longer be transferred. Transfer LTP was insensitive to pharmacological blockade of glial cells in the recipient animal, thus representing a rare form of glial cell-independent LTP in the spinal cord.
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