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Andreazzoli M, Longoni B, Angeloni D, Demontis GC. Retinoid Synthesis Regulation by Retinal Cells in Health and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:871. [PMID: 38786093 PMCID: PMC11120330 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vision starts in retinal photoreceptors when specialized proteins (opsins) sense photons via their covalently bonded vitamin A derivative 11cis retinaldehyde (11cis-RAL). The reaction of non-enzymatic aldehydes with amino groups lacks specificity, and the reaction products may trigger cell damage. However, the reduced synthesis of 11cis-RAL results in photoreceptor demise and suggests the need for careful control over 11cis-RAL handling by retinal cells. This perspective focuses on retinoid(s) synthesis, their control in the adult retina, and their role during retina development. It also explores the potential importance of 9cis vitamin A derivatives in regulating retinoid synthesis and their impact on photoreceptor development and survival. Additionally, recent advancements suggesting the pivotal nature of retinoid synthesis regulation for cone cell viability are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biancamaria Longoni
- Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Debora Angeloni
- The Institute of Biorobotics, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Zhang C, Rehman M, Tian X, Pei SLC, Gu J, Bell TA, Dong K, Tham MS, Cai Y, Wei Z, Behrens F, Jetten AM, Zhao H, Lek M, Somlo S. Glis2 is an early effector of polycystin signaling and a target for therapy in polycystic kidney disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3698. [PMID: 38693102 PMCID: PMC11063051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mouse models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) show that intact primary cilia are required for cyst growth following the inactivation of polycystin-1. The signaling pathways underlying this process, termed cilia-dependent cyst activation (CDCA), remain unknown. Using translating ribosome affinity purification RNASeq on mouse kidneys with polycystin-1 and cilia inactivation before cyst formation, we identify the differential 'CDCA pattern' translatome specifically dysregulated in kidney tubule cells destined to form cysts. From this, Glis2 emerges as a candidate functional effector of polycystin signaling and CDCA. In vitro changes in Glis2 expression mirror the polycystin- and cilia-dependent changes observed in kidney tissue, validating Glis2 as a cell culture-based indicator of polycystin function related to cyst formation. Inactivation of Glis2 suppresses polycystic kidney disease in mouse models of ADPKD, and pharmacological targeting of Glis2 with antisense oligonucleotides slows disease progression. Glis2 transcript and protein is a functional target of CDCA and a potential therapeutic target for treating ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael Rehman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven Lim Cho Pei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jianlei Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Ke Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ming Shen Tham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zemeng Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Felix Behrens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anton M Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Monkol Lek
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stefan Somlo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Verma S, Lin X, Coulson-Thomas VJ. The Potential Reversible Transition between Stem Cells and Transient-Amplifying Cells: The Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:748. [PMID: 38727284 PMCID: PMC11083486 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) undergo asymmetric division, producing transit-amplifying cells (TACs) with increased proliferative potential that move into tissues and ultimately differentiate into a specialized cell type. Thus, TACs represent an intermediary state between stem cells and differentiated cells. In the cornea, a population of stem cells resides in the limbal region, named the limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs). As LESCs proliferate, they generate TACs that move centripetally into the cornea and differentiate into corneal epithelial cells. Upon limbal injury, research suggests a population of progenitor-like cells that exists within the cornea can move centrifugally into the limbus, where they dedifferentiate into LESCs. Herein, we summarize recent advances made in understanding the mechanism that governs the differentiation of LESCs into TACs, and thereafter, into corneal epithelial cells. We also outline the evidence in support of the existence of progenitor-like cells in the cornea and whether TACs could represent a population of cells with progenitor-like capabilities within the cornea. Furthermore, to gain further insights into the dynamics of TACs in the cornea, we outline the most recent findings in other organ systems that support the hypothesis that TACs can dedifferentiate into SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
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Pleskač P, Fargeas CA, Veselska R, Corbeil D, Skoda J. Emerging roles of prominin-1 (CD133) in the dynamics of plasma membrane architecture and cell signaling pathways in health and disease. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:41. [PMID: 38532366 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prominin-1 (CD133) is a cholesterol-binding membrane glycoprotein selectively associated with highly curved and prominent membrane structures. It is widely recognized as an antigenic marker of stem cells and cancer stem cells and is frequently used to isolate them from biological and clinical samples. Recent progress in understanding various aspects of CD133 biology in different cell types has revealed the involvement of CD133 in the architecture and dynamics of plasma membrane protrusions, such as microvilli and cilia, including the release of extracellular vesicles, as well as in various signaling pathways, which may be regulated in part by posttranslational modifications of CD133 and its interactions with a variety of proteins and lipids. Hence, CD133 appears to be a master regulator of cell signaling as its engagement in PI3K/Akt, Src-FAK, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smad and MAPK/ERK pathways may explain its broad action in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration or intercellular communication. Here, we summarize early studies on CD133, as they are essential to grasp its novel features, and describe recent evidence demonstrating that this unique molecule is involved in membrane dynamics and molecular signaling that affects various facets of tissue homeostasis and cancer development. We hope this review will provide an informative resource for future efforts to elucidate the details of CD133's molecular function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Pleskač
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jan Skoda
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Karbanová J, Deniz IA, Wilsch-Bräuninger M, de Sousa Couto RA, Fargeas CA, Santos MF, Lorico A, Corbeil D. Extracellular lipidosomes containing lipid droplets and mitochondria are released during melanoma cell division. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:57. [PMID: 38243233 PMCID: PMC10799373 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of melanoma is increasing worldwide. Since metastatic melanoma is highly aggressive, it is important to decipher all the biological aspects of melanoma cells. In this context, we have previously shown that metastatic FEMX-I melanoma cells release small (< 150 nm) extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes and ectosomes containing the stem (and cancer stem) cell antigenic marker CD133. EVs play an important role in intercellular communication, which could have a micro-environmental impact on surrounding tissues. RESULTS We report here a new type of large CD133+ EVs released by FEMX-I cells. Their sizes range from 2 to 6 µm and they contain lipid droplets and mitochondria. Real-time video microscopy revealed that these EVs originate from the lipid droplet-enriched cell extremities that did not completely retract during the cell division process. Once released, they can be taken up by other cells. Silencing CD133 significantly affected the cellular distribution of lipid droplets, with a re-localization around the nuclear compartment. As a result, the formation of large EVs containing lipid droplets was severely compromised. CONCLUSION Given the biochemical effect of lipid droplets and mitochondria and/or their complexes on cell metabolism, the release and uptake of these new large CD133+ EVs from dividing aggressive melanoma cells can influence both donor and recipient cells, and therefore impact melanoma growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Karbanová
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Ilker A Deniz
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Michaela Wilsch-Bräuninger
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Rita Alexandra de Sousa Couto
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho 1327, Porto, 4169-005, Portugal
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Mark F Santos
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV, 89014, USA.
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, 01307, Germany.
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Moreno-Londoño AP, Robles-Flores M. Functional Roles of CD133: More than Stemness Associated Factor Regulated by the Microenvironment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:25-51. [PMID: 37922108 PMCID: PMC10799829 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
CD133 protein has been one of the most used surface markers to select and identify cancer cells with stem-like features. However, its expression is not restricted to tumoral cells; it is also expressed in differentiated cells and stem/progenitor cells in various normal tissues. CD133 participates in several cellular processes, in part orchestrating signal transduction of essential pathways that frequently are dysregulated in cancer, such as PI3K/Akt signaling and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CD133 expression correlates with enhanced cell self-renewal, migration, invasion, and survival under stress conditions in cancer. Aside from the intrinsic cell mechanisms that regulate CD133 expression in each cellular type, extrinsic factors from the surrounding niche can also impact CD33 levels. The enhanced CD133 expression in cells can confer adaptive advantages by amplifying the activation of a specific signaling pathway in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we do not only describe the CD133 physiological functions known so far, but importantly, we analyze how the microenvironment changes impact the regulation of CD133 functions emphasizing its value as a marker of cell adaptability beyond a cancer-stem cell marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patricia Moreno-Londoño
- Department of Biochemistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Robles-Flores
- Department of Biochemistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Bhattacharya S, Yin J, Huo W, Chaum E. Loss of Prom1 impairs autophagy and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mouse retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2373-2389. [PMID: 37610047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the Prominin-1 (Prom1) gene disrupt photoreceptor disk morphogenesis, leading to macular dystrophies. We have shown that human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) homeostasis is under the control of Prom1-dependent autophagy, demonstrating that Prom1 plays different roles in the photoreceptors and RPE. It is unclear if retinal and macular degeneration caused by the loss of Prom1 function is a cell-autonomous feature of the RPE or a generalized disease of photoreceptor degeneration. In this study, we investigated whether Prom1 is required for mouse RPE (mRPE) autophagy and phagocytosis, which are cellular processes essential for photoreceptor survival. We found that Prom1-KO decreases autophagy flux, activates mTORC1, and concomitantly decreases transcription factor EB (TFEB) and Cathepsin-D activities in mRPE cells. In addition, Prom1-KO reduces the clearance of bovine photoreceptor outer segments in mRPE cells due to increased mTORC1 and reduced TFEB activities. Dysfunction of Prom1-dependent autophagy correlates with both a decrease in ZO-1 and E-cadherin and a concomitant increase in Vimentin, SNAI1, and ZEB1 levels, consistent with induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Prom1-KO mRPE cells. Our results demonstrate that Prom1-mTORC1-TFEB signaling is a central driver of cell-autonomous mRPE homeostasis. We show that Prom1-KO in mRPE leads to RPE defects similar to that seen in atrophic age-related macular degeneration and opens new avenues of investigation targeting Prom1 in retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Bhattacharya
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jinggang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Weihong Huo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward Chaum
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Zhong BH, Dong M. The implication of ciliary signaling pathways for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04817-w. [PMID: 37490178 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04817-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which plays an essential role in development, tissue repair and fibrosis, and cancer progression, is a reversible cellular program that converts epithelial cells to mesenchymal cell states characterized by motility-invasive properties. The mostly signaling pathways that initiated and controlled the EMT program are regulated by a solitary, non-motile organelle named primary cilium. Acting as a signaling nexus, primary cilium dynamically concentrates signaling molecules to respond to extracellular cues. Recent research has provided direct evidence of connection between EMT and primary ciliogenesis in multiple contexts, but the mechanistic understanding of this relationship is complicated and still undergoing. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about the ciliary signaling pathways involved in EMT and list the direct evidence that shows the link between them, trying to figure out the intricate relationship between EMT and primary ciliogenesis, which may aid the future development of primary cilium as a novel therapeutic approach targeted to EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Hua Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Arena GO, Forte S, Abdouh M, Vanier C, Corbeil D, Lorico A. Horizontal Transfer of Malignant Traits and the Involvement of Extracellular Vesicles in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1566. [PMID: 37371036 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases are responsible for the vast majority of cancer deaths, yet most therapeutic efforts have focused on targeting and interrupting tumor growth rather than impairing the metastatic process. Traditionally, cancer metastasis is attributed to the dissemination of neoplastic cells from the primary tumor to distant organs through blood and lymphatic circulation. A thorough understanding of the metastatic process is essential to develop new therapeutic strategies that improve cancer survival. Since Paget's original description of the "Seed and Soil" hypothesis over a hundred years ago, alternative theories and new players have been proposed. In particular, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cancer cells and their uptake by neighboring cells or at distinct anatomical sites has been explored. Here, we will outline and discuss these alternative theories and emphasize the horizontal transfer of EV-associated biomolecules as a possibly major event leading to cell transformation and the induction of metastases. We will also highlight the recently discovered intracellular pathway used by EVs to deliver their cargoes into the nucleus of recipient cells, which is a potential target for novel anti-metastatic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goffredo O Arena
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, 90015 Cefalù, Italy
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Mohamed Abdouh
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Cheryl Vanier
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
- Touro University Nevada College of Medicine, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
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Paavo M, Lee W, Parmann R, Lima de Carvalho JR, Zernant J, Tsang SH, Allikmets R, Sparrow JR. Insights Into PROM1-Macular Disease Using Multimodal Imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:27. [PMID: 37093133 PMCID: PMC10148657 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.4.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the features of genetically confirmed PROM1-macular dystrophy in multimodal images. Methods Thirty-six (36) eyes of 18 patients (5-66 years; mean age, 42.4 years) were prospectively studied by clinical examination and multimodal imaging. Short-wavelength autofluorescence (SW-AF) and quantitative fundus autofluorescence (qAF) images were acquired with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRA+OCT, Heidelberg Engineering) modified by insertion of an internal autofluorescent reference. Further clinical testing included near-infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF; HRA2, Heidelberg Engineering) with semiquantitative analysis, spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (HRA+OCT) and full-field electroretinography. All patients were genetically confirmed by exome sequencing. Results All 18 patients presented with varying degrees of maculopathy. One family with individuals affected across two generations exhibited granular fleck-like deposits across the posterior pole. Areas of granular deposition in SW-AF and NIR-AF corresponded to intermittent loss of the ellipsoid zone, whereas discrete regions of hypoautofluorescence corresponded with a loss of outer retinal layers in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scans. For 18 of the 20 eyes, qAF levels within the macula were within the 95% confidence intervals of healthy age-matched individuals; nor was the mean NIR-AF signal increased relative to healthy eyes. Conclusions Although PROM1-macular dystrophy (Stargardt disease 4) can exhibit phenotypic overlap with recessive Stargardt disease, significantly increased SW-AF levels were not detected. As such, elevated bisretinoid lipofuscin may not be a feature of the pathophysiology of PROM1 disease. The qAF approach could serve as a method of early differential diagnosis and may help to identify appropriate disease targets as therapeutics become available to treat inherited retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarjaliis Paavo
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Winston Lee
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Rait Parmann
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Jana Zernant
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Stephen H. Tsang
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Rando Allikmets
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Janet R. Sparrow
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
- Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
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11
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Kim JS, Han HS, Seong JK, Ko YG, Koo SH. Involvement of a novel cAMP signaling mediator for beige adipogenesis. Metabolism 2023; 143:155536. [PMID: 36933791 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cold temperature stimulates the sympathetic nervous system that activates β-adrenergic receptor signals in brown and beige adipocytes, leading to the induction of adaptive thermogenesis in mammals. Prominin-1 (PROM1) is a pentaspan transmembrane protein that is widely identified as a marker for stem cells, although the role of this protein as a regulator of many intracellular signaling cascades has been recently delineated. The main focus of the current study is to identify the previously unknown role of PROM1 in beige adipogenesis and adaptive thermogenesis. METHODS Prom1 whole body knockout (Prom1 KO) mice, Prom1 adipogenic progenitor (AP) cell-specific knockout (Prom1 APKO) mice and Prom1 adipocyte-specific knockout (Prom1 AKO) mice were constructed and were subject for the induction of adaptive thermogenesis. The effect of systemic Prom1 depletion was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunostaining, and biochemical analysis in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to determine the identity of PROM1-expressing cell types, and the resultant cells were subject to beige adipogenesis in vitro. The potential role of PROM1 and ERM in cAMP signaling was also assessed in undifferentiated AP cells in vitro. Finally, the specific effect of Prom1 depletion on AP cell or mature adipocytes on adaptive thermogenesis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunostaining, and biochemical analysis in vivo. RESULTS Prom1 KO mice displayed an impairment in cold- or β3-adrenergic agonist-induced adaptive thermogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) but not in brown adipose tissues (BAT). By fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, we identified that PROM1 positive cells are enriched in PDGFRα+Sca1+ AP cells from SAT. Interestingly, Prom1 knockout stromal vascular fractions showed reduced PDGFRα expression, suggesting a role of PROM1 in beige adipogenic potential. Indeed, we found that Prom1-deficient AP cells from SAT showed reduced potential for beige adipogenesis. Furthermore, AP cell-specific depletion of Prom1, but not adipocyte-specific depletion of Prom1, displayed defects in adaptive thermogenesis as evidenced by resistance to cold-induced browning of SAT and dampened energy expenditure in mice. CONCLUSION We found that PROM1 positive AP cells are essential for the adaptive thermogenesis by ensuing stress-induced beige adipogenesis. Identification of PROM1 ligand might be useful in the activation of thermogenesis that could be potentially beneficial in combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Han
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Bahn MS, Ko YG. PROM1-mediated cell signal transduction in cancer stem cells and hepatocytes. BMB Rep 2023; 56:65-70. [PMID: 36617467 PMCID: PMC9978360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prominin-1 (PROM1), also called CD133, is a penta-span transmembrane protein that is localized in membrane protrusions, such as microvilli and filopodia. It is known to be expressed in cancer stem cells and various progenitor cells of bone marrow, liver, kidney, and intestine. Accumulating evidence has revealed that PROM1 has multiple functions in various organs, such as eye, tooth, peripheral nerve, and liver, associating with various molecular protein partners. PROM1 regulates PKA-induced gluconeogenesis, TGFβ-induced fibrosis, and IL-6-induced regeneration in the liver, associating with Radixin, SMAD7, and GP130, respectively. In addition, PROM1 is necessary to maintain cancer stem cell properties by activating PI3K and β-Catenin. PROM1-deficienct mice also show distinct phenotypes in eyes, brain, peripheral nerves, and tooth. Here, we discuss recent findings of PROM1-mediated signal transduction. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 65-70].
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong-Suk Bahn
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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13
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Zhong A, Short C, Xu J, Fernandez GE, Malkoff N, Noriega N, Yeo T, Wang L, Mavila N, Asahina K, Wang KS. Prominin-1 promotes restitution of the murine extrahepatic biliary luminal epithelium following cholestatic liver injury. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0018. [PMID: 36662671 PMCID: PMC10019165 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Restitution of the extrahepatic biliary luminal epithelium in cholangiopathies is poorly understood. Prominin-1 (Prom1) is a key component of epithelial ciliary body of stem/progenitor cells. Given that intrahepatic Prom1-expressing progenitor cells undergo cholangiocyte differentiation, we hypothesized that Prom1 may promote restitution of the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) epithelium following injury. APPROACH AND RESULTS Utilizing various murine biliary injury models, we identified Prom1-expressing cells in the peribiliary glands of the EHBD. These Prom1-expressing cells are progenitor cells which give rise to cholangiocytes as part of the normal maintenance of the EHBD epithelium. Following injury, these cells proliferate significantly more rapidly to re-populate the biliary luminal epithelium. Null mutation of Prom1 leads to significantly >10-fold dilated peribiliary glands following rhesus rotavirus-mediated biliary injury. Cultured organoids derived from Prom1 knockout mice are comprised of biliary progenitor cells with altered apical-basal cellular polarity, significantly fewer and shorter cilia, and decreased organoid proliferation dynamics consistent with impaired cell motility. CONCLUSIONS We, therefore, conclude that Prom1 is involved in biliary epithelial restitution following biliary injury in part through its role in supporting cell polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Zhong
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Celia Short
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jiabo Xu
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - G. Esteban Fernandez
- Cellular Imaging Core, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicolas Malkoff
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicolas Noriega
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Theresa Yeo
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Larry Wang
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nirmala Mavila
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kinji Asahina
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan
| | - Kasper S. Wang
- Developmental Biology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Program, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Roberts BM, Deemer SE, Smith DL, Mobley JA, Musi N, Plaisance EP. Effects of an exogenous ketone ester using multi-omics in skeletal muscle of aging C57BL/6J male mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1041026. [PMID: 36458175 PMCID: PMC9707703 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1041026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous ketone ester supplementation provides a means to increase circulating ketone concentrations without the dietary challenges imposed by ketogenic diets. Our group has shown that oral R,S-1,3, butanediol diacetoacetate (BD-AcAc2) consumption results in body weight loss or maintenance with moderate increases in circulating ketones. We have previously shown a diet consisting of 25% BD-AcAc2 can maintain lean body mass (LBM) and induce fat mass (FM) loss in young, healthy male mice, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if a diet consisting of 25% BD-AcAc2 (ketone ester, KE) would alter body composition, transcriptional regulation, the proteome, and the lipidome of skeletal muscle in aged mice. We hypothesized that the KE group would remain weight stable with improvements in body composition compared to controls, resulting in a healthy aging phenotype. Male C57BL/6J mice (n = 16) were purchased from Jackson Laboratories at 72 weeks of age. After 1 week of acclimation, mice were weighed and randomly assigned to one of two groups (n = 8 per group): control (CON) or KE. A significant group by time interaction was observed for body weight (P < 0.001), with KE fed mice weighing significantly less than CON. FM increased over time in the control group but was unchanged in the KE group. Furthermore, LBM was not different between CON and KE mice despite KE mice weighing less than CON mice. Transcriptional analysis of skeletal muscle identified 6 genes that were significantly higher and 21 genes that were significantly lower in the KE group compared to CON. Lipidomic analysis of skeletal muscle identified no differences between groups for any lipid species, except for fatty acyl chains in triacylglycerol which was 46% lower in the KE group. Proteomics analysis identified 44 proteins that were different between groups, of which 11 were lower and 33 were higher in the KE group compared to CON. In conclusion, 72-week-old male mice consuming the exogenous KE, BD-AcAc2, had lower age-related gains in body weight and FM compared to CON mice. Furthermore, transcriptional and proteomics data suggest a signature in skeletal muscle of KE-treated mice consistent with markers of improved skeletal muscle regeneration, improved electron transport chain utilization, and increased insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Roberts
- Department of Human Studies, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sarah E. Deemer
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Daniel L. Smith
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James A. Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- San Antonio Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Eric P. Plaisance
- Department of Human Studies, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Eric P. Plaisance,
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15
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Matalkah F, Rhodes S, Ramamurthy V, Stoilov P. The mAB 13A4 monoclonal antibody to the mouse PROM1 protein recognizes a structural epitope. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274958. [PMID: 36215230 PMCID: PMC9550058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PROM1 (CD133, AC133) is a protein that is required for the maintenance of primary cilia. Mutation in the Prom1 gene in humans and animal models are associated with several forms of retinal degeneration. mAB 13A4 is the main reagent used to detect the mouse PROM1 protein. We endeavored to map the epitope of the rat monoclonal antibody mAB 13A4 to the mouse PROM1 protein. Deletion mutagenesis demonstrated that mAB 13A4 recognizes a structural epitope that is stabilized by two of the extracellular domains of PROM1. Furthermore, the affinity of mAB 13A4 to the major PROM1 isoform in photoreceptor cells is significantly reduced due to the inclusion of a photoreceptor-specific alternative exon in the third extracellular domain. Interestingly, a deletion in the photoreceptor specific isoform of six amino acids adjacent to the alternative exon restored the affinity of mAB 13A4 to PROM1. The results of the mutagenesis are consistent with the computationally predicted helical bundle structure of PROM1 and point to the utility of mAB 13A4 for evaluating the effect of mutations on the PROM1 structure. Our results show that the PROM1 isoform composition needs to be considered when interpreting tissue and developmental expression data produced by mAB 13A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Matalkah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Scott Rhodes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Visvanathan Ramamurthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Peter Stoilov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
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16
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Liu K, Jiang L, Shi Y, Liu B, He Y, Shen Q, Jiang X, Nie Z, Pu J, Yang C, Chen Y. Hypoxia-induced GLT8D1 promotes glioma stem cell maintenance by inhibiting CD133 degradation through N-linked glycosylation. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1834-1849. [PMID: 35301431 PMCID: PMC9433395 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most aggressive primary brain tumors. However, no significant improvement in survival has been achieved with the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) or radiation as initial therapy, although many clinical efforts have been carried out to target various signaling pathways or putative driver mutations. Here, we report that glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 1 (GLT8D1), induced by HIF-1α under a hypoxic niche, significantly correlates with a higher grade of glioma, and a worse clinical outcome. Depletion of GLT8D1 inhibits self-renewal of glioma stem cell (GSC) in vitro and represses tumor growth in glioma mouse models. GLT8D1 knockdown promotes cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and cellular apoptosis with or without TMZ treatment. We reveal that GLT8D1 impedes CD133 degradation through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway by N-linked glycosylation and protein-protein interaction. Directly blocking the GLT8D1/CD133 complex formation by CD133N1~108 (referred to as FECD133), or inhibiting GLT8D1 expression by lercanidipine, suppresses Wnt/β-catenin signaling dependent tumorigenesis both in vitro and in patient-derived xenografts mouse model. Collectively, these findings offer mechanistic insights into how hypoxia promotes GLT8D1/CD133/Wnt/β-catenin signaling during glioma progression, and identify GLT8D1 as a potential therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Yulin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaomei He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiushuo Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi Nie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Pu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Cuiping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
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17
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Vinay L, Belleannée C. EV duty vehicles: Features and functions of ciliary extracellular vesicles. Front Genet 2022; 13:916233. [PMID: 36061180 PMCID: PMC9438925 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.916233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that extends from a basal body at the surface of most cells. This antenna is an efficient sensor of the cell micro-environment and is instrumental to the proper development and homeostatic control of organs. Recent compelling studies indicate that, in addition to its role as a sensor, the primary cilium also emits signals through the release of bioactive extracellular vesicles (EVs). While some primary-cilium derived EVs are released through an actin-dependent ectocytosis and are called ectosomes (or large EVs, 350–500 nm), others originate from the exocytosis of multivesicular bodies and are smaller (small EVs, 50–100 nm). Ciliary EVs carry unique signaling factors, including protein markers and microRNAs (miRNAs), and participate in intercellular communication in different organism models. This review discusses the mechanism of release, the molecular features, and functions of EVs deriving from cilia, based on the existing literature.
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18
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Serra CF, Liu H, Qian J, Mori M, Lu J, Cardoso WV. Prominin 1 and Notch regulate ciliary length and dynamics in multiciliated cells of the airway epithelium. iScience 2022; 25:104751. [PMID: 35942101 PMCID: PMC9356082 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in ciliary morphology and dynamics among multiciliated cells of the respiratory tract contribute to efficient mucociliary clearance. Nevertheless, little is known about how these phenotypic differences are established. We show that Prominin 1 (Prom1), a transmembrane protein widely used as stem cell marker, is crucial to this process. During airway differentiation, Prom1 becomes restricted to multiciliated cells, where it is expressed at distinct levels along the proximal-distal axis of the airways. Prom1 is induced by Notch in multiciliated cells, and Notch inactivation abolishes this gradient of expression. Prom1 was not required for multicilia formation, but when inactivated resulted in longer cilia that beat at a lower frequency. Disruption of Notch resulted in opposite effects and suggested that Notch fine-tunes Prom1 levels to regulate the multiciliated cell phenotype and generate diversity among these cells. This mechanism could contribute to the innate defense of the lung and help prevent pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F.H. Serra
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helu Liu
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jun Qian
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jining Lu
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wellington V. Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA,Corresponding author
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19
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GLIS1-3: Links to Primary Cilium, Reprogramming, Stem Cell Renewal, and Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111833. [PMID: 35681527 PMCID: PMC9180737 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The GLI-Similar 1-3 (GLIS1-3) genes, in addition to encoding GLIS1-3 Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factors, also generate circular GLIS (circGLIS) RNAs. GLIS1-3 regulate gene transcription by binding to GLIS binding sites in target genes, whereas circGLIS RNAs largely act as miRNA sponges. GLIS1-3 play a critical role in the regulation of many biological processes and have been implicated in various pathologies. GLIS protein activities appear to be regulated by primary cilium-dependent and -independent signaling pathways that via post-translational modifications may cause changes in the subcellular localization, proteolytic processing, and protein interactions. These modifications can affect the transcriptional activity of GLIS proteins and, consequently, the biological functions they regulate as well as their roles in disease. Recent studies have implicated GLIS1-3 proteins and circGLIS RNAs in the regulation of stemness, self-renewal, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell reprogramming, lineage determination, and differentiation. These biological processes are interconnected and play a critical role in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and cell plasticity. Dysregulation of these processes are part of many pathologies. This review provides an update on our current knowledge of the roles GLIS proteins and circGLIS RNAs in the control of these biological processes in relation to their regulation of normal physiological functions and disease.
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20
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Kobayashi Y, Watanabe S, Ong ALC, Shirai M, Yamashiro C, Ogata T, Higashijima F, Yoshimoto T, Hayano T, Asai Y, Sasai N, Kimura K. Early manifestations and differential gene expression associated with photoreceptor degeneration in Prom1-deficient retina. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:272527. [PMID: 34664634 PMCID: PMC8628633 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) are characterized by gradual photoreceptor death in the retina and are often associated with genetic mutations, including those in the prominin-1 (Prom1) gene. Prom1-knockout (KO) mice recapitulate key features of these diseases including light-dependent retinal degeneration and constriction of retinal blood vessels. The mechanisms underlying such degeneration have remained unclear, however. We here analysed early events associated with retinal degeneration in Prom1-KO mice. We found that photoreceptor cell death and glial cell activation occur between 2 and 3 weeks after birth. Whereas gene expression was not affected at 2 weeks, the expression of several genes was altered at 3 weeks in the Prom1-KO retina, with the expression of that for endothelin-2 (Edn2) being markedly upregulated. Expression of Edn2 was also induced by light stimulation in Prom1-KO mice reared in the dark. Treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists attenuated photoreceptor cell death, gliosis and retinal vessel stenosis in Prom1-KO mice. Our findings thus reveal early manifestations of retinal degeneration in a model of RP/MD and suggest potential therapeutic agents for these diseases. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Shizuka Watanabe
- Developmental Biomedical Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Agnes Lee Chen Ong
- Developmental Biomedical Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Manabu Shirai
- Omics Research Center (ORC), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Chiemi Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Ogata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Higashijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Takahide Hayano
- Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Asai
- Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sasai
- Developmental Biomedical Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube 755-0046, Japan
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21
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Wilson MM, Callens C, Le Gallo M, Mironov S, Ding Q, Salamagnon A, Chavarria TE, Viel R, Peasah AD, Bhutkar A, Martin S, Godey F, Tas P, Kang HS, Juin PP, Jetten AM, Visvader JE, Weinberg RA, Attanasio M, Prigent C, Lees JA, Guen VJ. An EMT-primary cilium-GLIS2 signaling axis regulates mammogenesis and claudin-low breast tumorigenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf6063. [PMID: 34705506 PMCID: PMC8550236 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf6063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and primary ciliogenesis induce stem cell properties in basal mammary stem cells (MaSCs) to promote mammogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that EMT transcription factors promote ciliogenesis upon entry into intermediate EMT states by activating ciliogenesis inducers, including FGFR1. The resulting primary cilia promote ubiquitination and inactivation of a transcriptional repressor, GLIS2, which localizes to the ciliary base. We show that GLIS2 inactivation promotes MaSC stemness, and GLIS2 is required for normal mammary gland development. Moreover, GLIS2 inactivation is required to induce the proliferative and tumorigenic capacities of the mammary tumor–initiating cells (MaTICs) of claudin-low breast cancers. Claudin-low breast tumors can be segregated from other breast tumor subtypes based on a GLIS2-dependent gene expression signature. Collectively, our findings establish molecular mechanisms by which EMT programs induce ciliogenesis to control MaSC and MaTIC stemness, mammary gland development, and claudin-low breast cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M. Wilson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Céline Callens
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Matthieu Le Gallo
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Qiong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amandine Salamagnon
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Tony E. Chavarria
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roselyne Viel
- Plateforme d’Histopathologie de Haute Précision (H2P2), Rennes, France
| | - Abena D. Peasah
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arjun Bhutkar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Martin
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Florence Godey
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Patrick Tas
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Hong Soon Kang
- Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert A. Weinberg
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Department of Biology and the Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Massimo Attanasio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Claude Prigent
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
- CRBM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacqueline A. Lees
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincent J. Guen
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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22
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Shrestha S, Singhal S, Kalonick M, Guyer R, Volkert A, Somji S, Garrett SH, Sens DA, Singhal SK. Role of HRTPT in kidney proximal epithelial cell regeneration: Integrative differential expression and pathway analyses using microarray and scRNA-seq. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10466-10479. [PMID: 34626063 PMCID: PMC8581341 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to proximal tubules due to exposure to toxicants can lead to conditions such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ultimately end‐stage renal failure (ESRF). Studies have shown that kidney proximal epithelial cells can regenerate particularly after acute injury. In the previous study, we utilized an immortalized in vitro model of human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells, RPTEC/TERT1, to isolate HRTPT cell line that co‐expresses stem cell markers CD133 and CD24, and HREC24T cell line that expresses only CD24. HRTPT cells showed most of the key characteristics of stem/progenitor cells; however, HREC24T cells did not show any of these characteristics. The goal of this study was to further characterize and understand the global gene expression differences, upregulated pathways and gene interaction using scRNA‐seq in HRTPT cells. Affymetrix microarray analysis identified common gene sets and pathways specific to HRTPT and HREC24T cells analysed using DAVID, Reactome and Ingenuity software. Gene sets of HRTPT cells, in comparison with publicly available data set for CD133+ infant kidney, urine‐derived renal progenitor cells and human kidney‐derived epithelial proximal tubule cells showed substantial similarity in organization and interactions of the apical membrane. Single‐cell analysis of HRTPT cells identified unique gene clusters associated with CD133 and the 92 common gene sets from three data sets. In conclusion, the gene expression analysis identified a unique gene set for HRTPT cells and narrowed the co‐expressed gene set compared with other human renal–derived cell lines expressing CD133, which may provide deeper understanding in their role as progenitor/stem cells that participate in renal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swojani Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Sonalika Singhal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Matthew Kalonick
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Rachel Guyer
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Alexis Volkert
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Seema Somji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott H Garrett
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Donald A Sens
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Sandeep K Singhal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
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23
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Xiao YS, Liang J, Gao M, Sun JR, Liu Y, Chen JQ, Zhao XH, Wang YM, Chen YH, Wang YW, Wan XL, Luo XT, Sun XD. Deletion of prominin-1 in mice results in disrupted photoreceptor outer segment protein homeostasis. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1334-1344. [PMID: 34540608 PMCID: PMC8403851 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.09.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To illustrate the underlying mechanism how prominin-1 (also known as Prom1) mutation contribute to progressive photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS A CRISPR-mediated Prom1 knockout (Prom1-KO) mice model in the C57BL/6 was generated and the photoreceptor degeneration phenotypes by means of structural and functional tests were demonstrated. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis were performed to reveal the localization and quantity of related outer segment (OS) proteins. RESULTS The Prom1-KO mice developed the photoreceptor degeneration phenotype including the decreased outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and compromised electroretinogram amplitude. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed impaired trafficking of photoreceptor OS proteins. Immunoblot data demonstrated decreased photoreceptor OS proteins. CONCLUSION Prom1 deprivation causes progressive photoreceptor degeneration. Prom1 is essential for maintaining normal trafficking and normal quantity of photoreceptor OS proteins. The new light is shed on the pathogenic mechanism underlying photoreceptor degeneration caused by Prom1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shu Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jun-Ran Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiao-Huan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yi-Min Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yu-Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xue-Ting Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
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24
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Fargeas CA, Lorico A, Corbeil D. Commentary: Could We Address the Interplay Between CD133, Wnt/β-Catenin, and TERT Signaling Pathways as a Potential Target for Glioblastoma Therapy? Front Oncol 2021; 11:712358. [PMID: 34476215 PMCID: PMC8406637 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Fargeas
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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25
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Yanardag S, Pugacheva EN. Primary Cilium Is Involved in Stem Cell Differentiation and Renewal through the Regulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways. Cells 2021; 10:1428. [PMID: 34201019 PMCID: PMC8226522 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling networks guide stem cells during their lineage specification and terminal differentiation. Primary cilium, an antenna-like protrusion, directly or indirectly plays a significant role in this guidance. All stem cells characterized so far have primary cilia. They serve as entry- or check-points for various signaling events by controlling the signal transduction and stability. Thus, defects in the primary cilia formation or dynamics cause developmental and health problems, including but not limited to obesity, cardiovascular and renal anomalies, hearing and vision loss, and even cancers. In this review, we focus on the recent findings of how primary cilium controls various signaling pathways during stem cell differentiation and identify potential gaps in the field for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sila Yanardag
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Elena N. Pugacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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26
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Kordes C, Bock HH, Reichert D, May P, Häussinger D. Hepatic stellate cells: current state and open questions. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1021-1032. [PMID: 34008380 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review article summarizes 20 years of our research on hepatic stellate cells within the framework of two collaborative research centers CRC575 and CRC974 at the Heinrich Heine University. Over this period, stellate cells were identified for the first time as mesenchymal stem cells of the liver, and important functions of these cells in the context of liver regeneration were discovered. Furthermore, it was determined that the space of Disse - bounded by the sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes - functions as a stem cell niche for stellate cells. Essential elements of this niche that control the maintenance of hepatic stellate cells have been identified alongside their impairment with age. This article aims to highlight previous studies on stellate cells and critically examine and identify open questions and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans H Bock
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen Reichert
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra May
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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27
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Pietrus M, Pitynski K, Waligora M, Milian-Ciesielska K, Bialon M, Ludwin A, Skrzypek K. CD133 Expression in the Nucleus Is Associated with Endometrial Carcinoma Staging and Tumor Angioinvasion. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2144. [PMID: 34063525 PMCID: PMC8156002 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (1) Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, with a growing incidence. To better understand the different behaviors associated with endometrial cancer, it is necessary to understand the changes that occur at a molecular level. CD133 is one of the factors that regulate tumor progression, which is primarily known as the transmembrane glycoprotein associated with tumor progression or cancer stem cells. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of subcellular CD133 expression on the clinical course of endometrial cancer. (2) Methods: CD133 expression in the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm was assessed by immunohistochemical staining in a group of 64 patients with endometrial cancer representing FIGO I-IV stages, grades 1-3 and accounting for tumor angioinvasion. (3) Results: Nuclear localization of CD133 expression was increased in FIGO IB-IV stages compared to FIGO IA. Furthermore, CD133 expression in the nucleus and plasma membrane is positively and negatively associated with a higher grade of endometrial cancer and angioinvasion, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that positive nuclear CD133 expression in the tumor may be related to a less favorable prognosis of endometrial carcinoma patients and has emerged as a useful biomarker of a high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milosz Pietrus
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Kazimierz Pitynski
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Marcin Waligora
- Center for Innovative Medical Education, Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Milian-Ciesielska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Monika Bialon
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Artur Ludwin
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Klaudia Skrzypek
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
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28
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Liang Z, Wu B, Ji Z, Liu W, Shi D, Chen X, Wei Y, Jiang J. The binding of LDN193189 to CD133 C-terminus suppresses the tumorigenesis and immune escape of liver tumor-initiating cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 513:90-100. [PMID: 33984420 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-initiating cell (TIC) marker CD133 promotes TIC self-renewal and tumorigenesis through the tyrosine phosphorylation of its c-terminal domain. Therefore, finding compounds that target the phosphorylation of CD133 will provide an effective method for inhibiting TICs characteristics. Here, through small molecule microarray screening, compound LDN193189 was found to bind to the c-terminus of CD133 and influenced its tyrosine phosphorylation. LDN193189 inhibited the interaction between CD133 and p85, accompanied by a reduction in the self-renewal and tumorigenicity of liver TIC. In addition, LDN193189 inhibited the expression and transcription of Galectin-3 by reducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of CD133. Galectin-3 secreted by liver TICs inhibited the proliferation of activated CD8+ T cells by binding to PD-1. LDN193189 suppressed the immune escape ability of liver TICs by downregulating Galectin-3. Taken together, LDN193189 suppressed the tumorigenesis and immune escape of liver CSCs by targeting the CD133-Galectin-3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Bingrui Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Zhi Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Weitao Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Danfang Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yuanyan Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
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29
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Promotion of cancer cell stemness by Ras. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:467-476. [PMID: 33544116 PMCID: PMC7925005 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) may be the most relevant and elusive cancer cell population, as they have the exquisite ability to seed new tumors. It is plausible, that highly mutated cancer genes, such as KRAS, are functionally associated with processes contributing to the emergence of stemness traits. In this review, we will summarize the evidence for a stemness driving activity of oncogenic Ras. This activity appears to differ by Ras isoform, with the highly mutated KRAS having a particularly profound impact. Next to established stemness pathways such as Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh), the precise, cell cycle dependent orchestration of the MAPK-pathway appears to relay Ras activation in this context. We will examine how non-canonical activities of K-Ras4B (hereafter K-Ras) could be enabled by its trafficking chaperones calmodulin and PDE6D/PDEδ. Both dynamically localize to the cellular machinery that is intimately linked to cell fate decisions, such as the primary cilium and the centrosome. Thus, it can be speculated that oncogenic K-Ras disrupts fundamental polarized signaling and asymmetric apportioning processes that are necessary during cell differentiation.
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30
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Carr BJ, Stanar P, Moritz OL. Distinct roles for prominin-1 and photoreceptor cadherin in outer segment disc morphogenesis in CRISPR-altered X. laevis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs253906. [PMID: 33277376 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in prominin-1 (prom1) and photoreceptor cadherin (cdhr1) are associated with inherited retinal degenerative disorders but their functions remain unknown. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate prom1-null, cdhr1-null, and prom1 plus cdhr1 double-null Xenopuslaevis and then documented the effects of these mutations on photoreceptor structure and function. Prom1-null mutations resulted in severely dysmorphic photoreceptors comprising overgrown and disorganized disc membranes. Cone outer segments were more severely affected than rods and had an impaired electroretinogram response. Cdhr1-null photoreceptors did not appear grossly dysmorphic, but ultrastructural analysis revealed that some disc membranes were overgrown or oriented vertically within the plasma membrane. Double-null mutants did not differ significantly from prom1-null mutants. Our results indicate that neither prom1 nor cdhr1 are necessary for outer segment disc membrane evagination or the fusion event that controls disc sealing. Rather, they are necessary for the higher-order organization of the outer segment. Prom1 may align and reinforce interactions between nascent disc leading edges, a function more critical in cones for structural support. Cdhr1 may secure discs in a horizontal orientation prior to fusion and regulate cone lamellae size.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany J Carr
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 330-2550 Willow St., Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 3N9, Canada
| | - Paloma Stanar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 330-2550 Willow St., Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 3N9, Canada
| | - Orson L Moritz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 330-2550 Willow St., Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 3N9, Canada
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31
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Gan L, Liu Y, Cui DX, Pan Y, Wan M. New insight into dental epithelial stem cells: Identification, regulation, and function in tooth homeostasis and repair. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1327-1340. [PMID: 33312401 PMCID: PMC7705464 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth enamel, a highly mineralized tissue covering the outermost area of teeth, is always damaged by dental caries or trauma. Tooth enamel rarely repairs or renews itself, due to the loss of ameloblasts and dental epithelial stem cells (DESCs) once the tooth erupts. Unlike human teeth, mouse incisors grow continuously due to the presence of DESCs that generate enamel-producing ameloblasts and other supporting dental epithelial lineages. The ready accessibility of mouse DESCs and wide availability of related transgenic mouse lines make mouse incisors an excellent model to examine the identity and heterogeneity of dental epithelial stem/progenitor cells; explore the regulatory mechanisms underlying enamel formation; and help answer the open question regarding the therapeutic development of enamel engineering. In the present review, we update the current understanding about the identification of DESCs in mouse incisors and summarize the regulatory mechanisms of enamel formation driven by DESCs. The roles of DESCs during homeostasis and repair are also discussed, which should improve our knowledge regarding enamel tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Di-Xin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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32
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Lee H, Yu D, Park JS, Lee H, Kim J, Kim HL, Koo S, Lee J, Lee S, Ko Y. Prominin-1-Radixin axis controls hepatic gluconeogenesis by regulating PKA activity. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49416. [PMID: 33030802 PMCID: PMC7645247 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prominin-1 (Prom1) is a major cell surface marker of cancer stem cells, but its physiological functions in the liver have not been elucidated. We analyzed the levels of mRNA transcripts in serum-starved primary WT (Prom1+/+ ) and KO (Prom1-/- ) mouse hepatocytes using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, and found that CREB target genes were downregulated. This initial observation led us to determine that Prom1 deficiency inhibited cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation and gluconeogenesis, but not cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation, in glucagon-, epinephrine-, or forskolin-treated liver tissues and primary hepatocytes, and mitigated glucagon-induced hyperglycemia. Because Prom1 interacted with radixin, Prom1 deficiency prevented radixin from localizing to the plasma membrane. Moreover, systemic adenoviral knockdown of radixin inhibited CREB activation and gluconeogenesis in glucagon-treated liver tissues and primary hepatocytes, and mitigated glucagon-elicited hyperglycemia. Based on these results, we conclude that Prom1 regulates hepatic PKA signaling via radixin functioning as an A kinase-anchored protein (AKAP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Dong‐Min Yu
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jun Sub Park
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hwayeon Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jun‐Seok Kim
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hong Lim Kim
- Laboratory of Electron MicroscopeIntegrative Research Support CenterCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Seung‐Hoi Koo
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jae‐Seon Lee
- Department of Molecular MedicineInha University College of MedicineIncheonKorea
- Hypoxia‐related Disease Research CenterInha University College of MedicineIncheonKorea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Young‐Gyu Ko
- Tunneling Nanotube Research CenterKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
- Division of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
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Zambon AC, Hsu T, Kim SE, Klinck M, Stowe J, Henderson LM, Singer D, Patam L, Lim C, McCulloch AD, Hu B, Hickerson AI. Methods and sensors for functional genomic studies of cell-cycle transitions in single cells. Physiol Genomics 2020; 52:468-477. [PMID: 32866086 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00065.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing the cell cycle in mammals has relied heavily on methods that measure the aggregate state of a population of cells. While instrumental in shaping our current understanding of cell proliferation, these approaches mask the genetic signatures of rare subpopulations such as quiescent (G0) and very slowly dividing (SD) cells. Results described in this study and those of others using single-cell analysis reveal that even in clonally derived immortalized cancer cells, ∼1-5% of cells can exhibit G0 and SD phenotypes. Therefore to enable the study of these rare cell phenotypes we established an integrated molecular, computational, and imaging approach to track, isolate, and genetically perturb single cells as they proliferate. A genetically encoded cell-cycle reporter (K67p-FUCCI) was used to track single cells as they traversed the cell cycle. A set of R-scripts were written to quantify K67p-FUCCI over time. To enable the further study G0 and SD phenotypes, we retrofitted a live cell imaging system with a micromanipulator to enable single-cell targeting for functional validation studies. Single-cell analysis revealed HT1080 and MCF7 cells had a doubling time of ∼24 and ∼48 h, respectively, with high duration variability in G1 and G2 phases. Direct single-cell microinjection of mRNA encoding (GFP) achieves detectable GFP fluorescence within ∼5 h in both cell types. These findings coupled with the possibility of targeting several hundreds of single cells improves throughput and sensitivity over conventional methods to study rare cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Zambon
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
| | - Tom Hsu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
| | - Seunghee Erin Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
| | - Miranda Klinck
- Keck Science Department, Pitzer College, Claremont, California
| | - Jennifer Stowe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lindsay M Henderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Donald Singer
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Leomar Patam
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
| | - Curtis Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Andrew D McCulloch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Bing Hu
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Anna I Hickerson
- Henry E. Riggs School of Applied Life Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
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34
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Rivera C, Gallegos R, Figueroa C. Biomarkers of progression to oral cancer in patients with dysplasia: A systematic review. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:42. [PMID: 32874572 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying oral dysplastic lesions with a high risk of malignant transformation may create opportunities for early therapeutic interventions. Several tissue biomarkers have been suggested to date as prognostic indicators of the progression of dysplastic lesions to oral cancer. We herein present a systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42018086476), with the aim of identifying, evaluating and summarizing evidence on prognostic biomarkers of progression to oral cancer in patients with dysplasia. A search through MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases was performed. The review only included primary articles that reported risk values associated with malignancy after a multivariate analysis. The quality of the findings was analyzed using the Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies, and research trends were established using SciCurve Open. A total of 4 potential biomarkers were identified: Degree of dysplasia, and the proteins retinal dehydrogenase 1, prominin-1 and podoplanin. All 3 protein biomarkers have been recognized as cancer stem cell markers. The studies were of acceptable quality, although none included sample size determinations. Due to the lack of validation and follow-up studies, these biomarkers are considered to be in a discovery phase and require validation by prospective clinical trials. The present analysis indicated that there are currently insufficient data to include these biomarkers in the clinical decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Rivera
- Department of Stomatology, Oral Medicine Group, University of Talca, North Campus, Talca, Maule Region 3460000, Chile
| | - Rocío Gallegos
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, North Campus, Talca, Maule Region 3460000, Chile
| | - Constanza Figueroa
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, North Campus, Talca, Maule Region 3460000, Chile
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Corbeil D, Santos MF, Karbanová J, Kurth T, Rappa G, Lorico A. Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091931. [PMID: 32825578 PMCID: PMC7563309 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) are emerging as new vehicles in intercellular communication, but how the biological information contained in EVs is shared between cells remains elusive. Several mechanisms have been described to explain their release from donor cells and the initial step of their uptake by recipient cells, which triggers a cellular response. Yet, the intracellular routes and subcellular fate of EV content upon internalization remain poorly characterized. This is particularly true for EV-associated proteins and nucleic acids that shuttle to the nucleus of host cells. In this review, we will describe and discuss the release of EVs from donor cells, their uptake by recipient cells, and the fate of their cargoes, focusing on a novel intracellular route wherein small GTPase Rab7+ late endosomes containing endocytosed EVs enter into nuclear envelope invaginations and deliver their cargo components to the nucleoplasm of recipient cells. A tripartite protein complex composed of (VAMP)-associated protein A (VAP-A), oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related protein-3 (ORP3), and Rab7 is essential for the transfer of EV-derived components to the nuclear compartment by orchestrating the particular localization of late endosomes in the nucleoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
| | - Mark F. Santos
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Jana Karbanová
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden and CMCB, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.K.)
| | - Germana Rappa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Via Penninazzo, 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
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36
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Rossi E, Poirault-Chassac S, Bieche I, Chocron R, Schnitzler A, Lokajczyk A, Bourdoncle P, Dizier B, Bacha NC, Gendron N, Blandinieres A, Guerin CL, Gaussem P, Smadja DM. Human Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Express Intracellular CD133 that Modulates their Vasculogenic Properties. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:590-600. [PMID: 30879244 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells at the origin of endothelial progenitor cells and in particular endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) subtype have been largely supposed to be positive for the CD133 antigen, even though no clear correlation has been established between its expression and function in ECFCs. We postulated that CD133 in ECFCs might be expressed intracellularly, and could participate to vasculogenic properties. ECFCs extracted from cord blood were used either fresh (n = 4) or frozen (n = 4), at culture days <30, to investigate the intracellular presence of CD133 by flow cytometry and confocal analysis. Comparison with HUVEC and HAEC mature endothelial cells was carried out. Then, CD133 was silenced in ECFCs using specific siRNA (siCD133-ECFCs) or scramble siRNA (siCtrl-ECFCs). siCD133-ECFCs (n = 12), siCtrl-ECFCs (n = 12) or PBS (n = 12) were injected in a hind-limb ischemia nude mouse model and vascularization was quantified at day 14 with H&E staining and immunohistochemistry for CD31. Results of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy evidenced the positivity of CD133 in ECFCs after permeabilization compared with not permeabilized ECFCs (p < 0.001) and mature endothelial cells (p < 0.03). In the model of mouse hind-limb ischemia, silencing of CD133 in ECFCs significantly abolished post-ischemic revascularization induced by siCtrl-ECFCs; indeed, a significant reduction in cutaneous blood flows (p = 0.03), capillary density (CD31) (p = 0.01) and myofiber regeneration (p = 0.04) was observed. Also, a significant necrosis (p = 0.02) was observed in mice receiving siCD133-ECFCs compared to those treated with siCtrl-ECFCs. In conclusion, our work describes for the first time the intracellular expression of the stemness marker CD133 in ECFCs. This feature could resume the discrepancies found in the literature concerning CD133 positivity and ontogeny in endothelial progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rossi
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Poirault-Chassac
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Department of genetics, Pharmacogenomics Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Richard Chocron
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S970, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Emergency Medicine Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Anne Schnitzler
- Department of genetics, Pharmacogenomics Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Anna Lokajczyk
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bourdoncle
- Plate-forme IMAG'IC Institut Cochin Inserm U1016-CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Dizier
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Nour C Bacha
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Gendron
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hematology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Blandinieres
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hematology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Coralie L Guerin
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France.,Cytometry Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hematology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - David M Smadja
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. .,Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France. .,AP-HP, Hematology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France. .,Laboratory of Biosurgical Research, Carpentier Foundation, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
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37
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Lee J, Shin JE, Lee B, Kim H, Jeon Y, Ahn SH, Chi SW, Cho Y. The stem cell marker Prom1 promotes axon regeneration by down-regulating cholesterol synthesis via Smad signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:15955-15966. [PMID: 32554499 PMCID: PMC7355016 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920829117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Axon regeneration is regulated by a neuron-intrinsic transcriptional program that is suppressed during development but that can be reactivated following peripheral nerve injury. Here we identify Prom1, which encodes the stem cell marker prominin-1, as a regulator of the axon regeneration program. Prom1 expression is developmentally down-regulated, and the genetic deletion of Prom1 in mice inhibits axon regeneration in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures and in the sciatic nerve, revealing the neuronal role of Prom1 in injury-induced regeneration. Elevating prominin-1 levels in cultured DRG neurons or in mice via adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery enhances axon regeneration in vitro and in vivo, allowing outgrowth on an inhibitory substrate. Prom1 overexpression induces the consistent down-regulation of cholesterol metabolism-associated genes and a reduction in cellular cholesterol levels in a Smad pathway-dependent manner, which promotes axonal regrowth. We find that prominin-1 interacts with the type I TGF-β receptor ALK4, and that they synergistically induce phosphorylation of Smad2. These results suggest that Prom1 and cholesterol metabolism pathways are possible therapeutic targets for the promotion of neural recovery after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Shin
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 49201 Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohm Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yewon Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ahn
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongcheol Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea;
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38
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Saha SK, Islam SMR, Kwak KS, Rahman MS, Cho SG. PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates clinical prognosis of cancer: a multiomics analysis. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:147-167. [PMID: 31164716 PMCID: PMC7170805 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prominin 1 (PROM1) is considered a biomarker for cancer stem cells, although its biological role is unclear. Prominin 2 (PROM2) has also been associated with certain cancers. However, the prognostic value of PROM1 and PROM2 in cancer is controversial. Here, we performed a systematic data analysis to examine whether prominins can function as prognostic markers in human cancers. The expression of prominins was assessed and their prognostic value in human cancers was determined using univariate and multivariate survival analyses, via various online platforms. We selected a group of prominent functional protein partners of prominins by protein-protein interaction analysis. Subsequently, we investigated the relationship between mutations and copy number alterations in prominin genes and various types of cancers. Furthermore, we identified genes that correlated with PROM1 and PROM2 in certain cancers, based on their levels of expression. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were performed to assess the effect of these correlated genes on various cancers. We observed that PROM1 was frequently overexpressed in esophageal, liver, and ovarian cancers and its expression was negatively associated with prognosis, whereas PROM2 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival in lung and ovarian cancers. Based on the varying characteristics of prominins, we conclude that PROM1 and PROM2 expression differentially modulates the clinical outcomes of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - S M Riazul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kwak
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Jászai J, Thamm K, Karbanová J, Janich P, Fargeas CA, Huttner WB, Corbeil D. Prominins control ciliary length throughout the animal kingdom: New lessons from human prominin-1 and zebrafish prominin-3. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6007-6022. [PMID: 32201384 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prominins (proms) are transmembrane glycoproteins conserved throughout the animal kingdom. They are associated with plasma membrane protrusions, such as primary cilia, as well as extracellular vesicles derived thereof. Primary cilia host numerous signaling pathways affected in diseases known as ciliopathies. Human PROM1 (CD133) is detected in both somatic and cancer stem cells and is also expressed in terminally differentiated epithelial and photoreceptor cells. Genetic mutations in the PROM1 gene result in retinal degeneration by impairing the proper formation of the outer segment of photoreceptors, a modified cilium. Here, we investigated the impact of proms on two distinct examples of ciliogenesis. First, we demonstrate that the overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant variant of human PROM1 (i.e. mutation Y819F/Y828F) significantly decreases ciliary length in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. These results contrast strongly to the previously observed enhancing effect of WT PROM1 on ciliary length. Mechanistically, the mutation impeded the interaction of PROM1 with ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B, a key regulator of ciliary length. Second, we observed that in vivo knockdown of prom3 in zebrafish alters the number and length of monocilia in the Kupffer's vesicle, resulting in molecular and anatomical defects in the left-right asymmetry. These distinct loss-of-function approaches in two biological systems reveal that prom proteins are critical for the integrity and function of cilia. Our data provide new insights into ciliogenesis and might be of particular interest for investigations of the etiologies of ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Jászai
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Institute of Anatomy, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstrasse 42, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Kristina Thamm
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jana Karbanová
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peggy Janich
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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40
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Bobinger T, Roeder SS, Spruegel MI, Froehlich K, Beuscher VD, Hoelter P, Lücking H, Corbeil D, Huttner HB. Variation of membrane particle-bound CD133 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2020; 134:600-607. [PMID: 31978876 DOI: 10.3171/2019.11.jns191861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated that human CSF contains membrane particles carrying the stem cell antigenic marker CD133 (prominin-1). Here, the authors analyzed the variation of the amount of these CD133-positive particles in the CSF of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS Consecutive CSF samples from 47 patients with SAH or ICH were compared to 14 healthy control patients. After differential ultracentrifugation of CSF, the membrane particle fraction was separated on gel electrophoresis and its CD133 content was probed by immunoblotting using the mouse monoclonal antibody 80B258 directed against human CD133. The antigen-antibody complexes were detected by chemiluminescence reagents and quantified using human Caco-2 cell extract as positive control with a standardized curve. RESULTS As compared to healthy controls (6.3 ± 0.5 ng of bound CD133 antibody; n = 14), the amount of membrane particle-associated CD133 immunoreactivities was significantly elevated in patients with SAH and ICH (38.2 ± 6.6 ng and 61.3 ± 11.0 ng [p < 0.001] for SAH [n = 18] and ICH [n = 29], respectively). In both groups the CD133 level dropped during the first 7 days (i.e., day 5-7: SAH group, 24.6 ± 10.1 ng [p = 0.06]; ICH group, 25.0 ± 4.8 ng [p = 0.002]). Whereas changes in the amount of CD133-positive membrane particles between admission and day 5-7 were not associated with clinical outcomes in patients with ICH (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores 0-3, -30.9 ± 12.8 ng vs mRS scores 4-6, -21.8 ± 10.7 ng; p = 0.239), persistent elevation of CD133 in patients with SAH was related to impaired functional outcome 3 months after ictus (mRS scores 0-2, -29.9 ± 8.1 ng vs mRS scores 3-6, 7.6 ± 20.3 ng; p = 0.027). These data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). CONCLUSIONS Levels of membrane particle-associated CD133 in the CSF of patients with SAH and ICH are significantly increased in comparison to healthy patients, and they decline during the hospital stay. Specifically, the persistent elevation of CD133-positive membrane particles within the first week may represent a possible surrogate measure for impaired functional outcome in patients with SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Philip Hoelter
- 2Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen (FAU); and
| | - Hannes Lücking
- 2Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen (FAU); and
| | - Denis Corbeil
- 3Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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41
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Prominin-1 Modulates Rho/ROCK-Mediated Membrane Morphology and Calcium-Dependent Intracellular Chloride Flux. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15911. [PMID: 31685837 PMCID: PMC6828804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane morphology is an important structural determinant as it reflects cellular functions. The pentaspan membrane protein Prominin-1 (Prom1/CD133) is known to be localised to protrusions and plays a pivotal role in migration and the determination of cellular morphology; however, the underlying mechanism of its action have been elusive. Here, we performed molecular characterisation of Prom1, focussing primarily on its effects on cell morphology. Overexpression of Prom1 in RPE-1 cells triggers multiple, long, cholesterol-enriched fibres, independently of actin and microtubule polymerisation. A five amino acid stretch located at the carboxyl cytosolic region is essential for fibre formation. The small GTPase Rho and its downstream Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) are also essential for this process, and active Rho colocalises with Prom1 at the site of initialisation of fibre formation. In mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells we show that Prom1 is required for chloride ion efflux induced by calcium ion uptake, and demonstrate that fibre formation is closely associated with chloride efflux activity. Collectively, these findings suggest that Prom1 affects cell morphology and contributes to chloride conductance.
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42
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Karbanová J, Corbeil D, Fargeas CA. Prominin-1/CD133, saliva and salivary glands - Integrating existing data to new clinical approaches. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111566. [PMID: 31470017 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Karbanová
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Denes BJ, Bolton C, Illsley CS, Kok WL, Walker JV, Poetsch A, Tredwin C, Kiliaridis S, Hu B. Notch Coordinates Periodontal Ligament Maturation through Regulating Lamin A. J Dent Res 2019; 98:1357-1366. [PMID: 31461625 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519871448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth eruption is a continuous biological process with dynamic changes at cellular and tissue levels, particularly within the periodontal ligament (PDL). Occlusion completion is a significant physiological landmark of dentition establishment. However, the importance of the involvement of molecular networks engaging in occlusion establishment on the final PDL maturation is still largely unknown. In this study, using rat and mouse molar teeth and a human PDL cell line for RNAseq and proteomic analysis, we systematically screened the key molecular links in regulating PDL maturation before and after occlusion establishment. We discovered Notch, a key molecular pathway in regulating stem cell fate and differentiation, is a major player in the event. Intercepting the Notch pathway by deleting its key canonical transcriptional factor, RBP-Jkappa, using a conditional knockout strategy in the mice delayed PDL maturation. We also identified that Lamin A, a cell nuclear lamina member, is a unique marker of PDL maturation, and its expression is under the control of Notch signaling. Our study therefore provides a deep insight of how PDL maturation is regulated at the molecular level, and we expect the outcomes to be applied for a better understanding of the molecular regulation networks in physiological conditions such as tooth eruption and movement and also for periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Denes
- Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bolton
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - C S Illsley
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - W L Kok
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - J V Walker
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - A Poetsch
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - C Tredwin
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - S Kiliaridis
- Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Hu
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Transit amplifying cells coordinate mouse incisor mesenchymal stem cell activation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3596. [PMID: 31399601 PMCID: PMC6689115 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) receive inductive cues from the surrounding microenvironment and cells. Limited molecular evidence has connected tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with mesenchymal transit amplifying cells (MTACs). Using mouse incisor as the model, we discover a population of MSCs neibouring to the MTACs and epithelial SCs. With Notch signaling as the key regulator, we disclose molecular proof and lineage tracing evidence showing the distinct MSCs contribute to incisor MTACs and the other mesenchymal cell lineages. MTACs can feedback and regulate the homeostasis and activation of CL-MSCs through Delta-like 1 homolog (Dlk1), which balances MSCs-MTACs number and the lineage differentiation. Dlk1's function on SCs priming and self-renewal depends on its biological forms and its gene expression is under dynamic epigenetic control. Our findings can be validated in clinical samples and applied to accelerate tooth wound healing, providing an intriguing insight of how to direct SCs towards tissue regeneration.
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