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Guyodo H, Rizzo A, Diab F, Noury F, Mironov S, de Tayrac M, David V, Odent S, Dubourg C, Dupé V. Impact of Sonic Hedgehog-dependent sphenoid bone defect on craniofacial growth. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e861. [PMID: 38558491 PMCID: PMC10982674 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate how an apparently minor anomaly of the sphenoid bone, observed in a haploinsufficient mouse model for Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), affects the growth of the adult craniofacial region. This study aims to provide valuable information to orthodontists when making decisions regarding individuals carrying SHH mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The skulls of embryonic, juvenile and adult mice of two genotypes (Shh heterozygous and wild type) were examined and measured using landmark-based linear dimensions. Additionally, we analysed the clinical characteristics of a group of patients and their relatives with SHH gene mutations. RESULTS In the viable Shh+/ - mouse model, bred on a C57BL/6J background, we noted the presence of a persistent foramen at the midline of the basisphenoid bone. This particular anomaly was attributed to the existence of an ectopic pituitary gland. We discovered that this anomaly led to premature closure of the intrasphenoidal synchondrosis and contributed to craniofacial deformities in adult mice, including a longitudinally shortened skull base. This developmental anomaly is reminiscent of that commonly observed in human holoprosencephaly, a disorder resulting from a deficiency in SHH activity. However, sphenoid morphogenesis is not currently monitored in individuals carrying SHH mutations. CONCLUSION Haploinsufficiency of Shh leads to isolated craniofacial skeletal hypoplasia in adult mouse. This finding highlights the importance of radiographic monitoring of the skull base in all individuals with SHH gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Guyodo
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
| | - Aurélie Rizzo
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
| | - Farah Diab
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), “Maladies génétiques d'expression pédiatrique”ParisFrance
| | - Fanny Noury
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et BiologiquesUniv Rennes, INSERM, LTSI ‐ UMR 1099RennesFrance
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
| | - Marie de Tayrac
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHURennesFrance
| | - Véronique David
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CHURennesFrance
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHURennesFrance
| | - Valérie Dupé
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)‐UMR6290RennesFrance
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Sidorov S, Mironov S, Grigoriev A. Measuring the variability of local characteristics in complex networks: Empirical and analytical analysis. Chaos 2023; 33:2894489. [PMID: 37276572 DOI: 10.1063/5.0148803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We examine the dynamics for the average degree of a node's neighbors in complex networks. It is a Markov stochastic process, and at each moment of time, this quantity takes on its values in accordance with some probability distribution. We are interested in some characteristics of this distribution: its expectation and its variance, as well as its coefficient of variation. First, we look at several real communities to understand how these values change over time in social networks. The empirical analysis of the behavior of these quantities for real networks shows that the coefficient of variation remains at high level as the network grows. This means that the standard deviation and the mean degree of the neighbors are comparable. Then, we examine the evolution of these three quantities over time for networks obtained as simulations of one of the well-known varieties of the Barabási-Albert model, the growth model with nonlinear preferential attachment (NPA) and a fixed number of attached links at each iteration. We analytically show that the coefficient of variation for the average degree of a node's neighbors tends to zero in such networks (albeit very slowly). Thus, we establish that the behavior of the average degree of neighbors in Barabási-Albert networks differs from its behavior in real networks. In this regard, we propose a model based on the NPA mechanism with the rule of random number of edges added at each iteration in which the dynamics of the average degree of neighbors is comparable to its dynamics in real networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sidorov
- Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russian Federation
| | - S Mironov
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russian Federation
| | - A Grigoriev
- Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russian Federation
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Wilson MM, Callens C, Le Gallo M, Mironov S, Ding Q, Salamagnon A, Chavarria TE, Viel R, Peasah AD, Bhutkar A, Martin S, Godey F, Tas P, Kang HS, Juin PP, Jetten AM, Visvader JE, Weinberg RA, Attanasio M, Prigent C, Lees JA, Guen VJ. An EMT-primary cilium-GLIS2 signaling axis regulates mammogenesis and claudin-low breast tumorigenesis. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabf6063. [PMID: 34705506 PMCID: PMC8550236 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf6063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and primary ciliogenesis induce stem cell properties in basal mammary stem cells (MaSCs) to promote mammogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that EMT transcription factors promote ciliogenesis upon entry into intermediate EMT states by activating ciliogenesis inducers, including FGFR1. The resulting primary cilia promote ubiquitination and inactivation of a transcriptional repressor, GLIS2, which localizes to the ciliary base. We show that GLIS2 inactivation promotes MaSC stemness, and GLIS2 is required for normal mammary gland development. Moreover, GLIS2 inactivation is required to induce the proliferative and tumorigenic capacities of the mammary tumor–initiating cells (MaTICs) of claudin-low breast cancers. Claudin-low breast tumors can be segregated from other breast tumor subtypes based on a GLIS2-dependent gene expression signature. Collectively, our findings establish molecular mechanisms by which EMT programs induce ciliogenesis to control MaSC and MaTIC stemness, mammary gland development, and claudin-low breast cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M. Wilson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Céline Callens
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Matthieu Le Gallo
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Qiong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amandine Salamagnon
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
| | - Tony E. Chavarria
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Roselyne Viel
- Plateforme d’Histopathologie de Haute Précision (H2P2), Rennes, France
| | - Abena D. Peasah
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arjun Bhutkar
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Martin
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Florence Godey
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Patrick Tas
- INSERM U1242, Rennes 1 University, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Hong Soon Kang
- Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert A. Weinberg
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Department of Biology and the Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Massimo Attanasio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Claude Prigent
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
- CRBM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacqueline A. Lees
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincent J. Guen
- Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Abstract
Recently discovered superconducting P-doped EuFe_{2}As_{2} compounds reveal the situation when the superconducting critical temperature substantially exceeds the ferromagnetic transition temperature. The main mechanism of the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity occurs to be an electromagnetic one, and a short-period magnetic domain structure was observed just below Curie temperature [V. S. Stolyarov et al., Sci. Adv. 4, eaat1061 (2018)SACDAF2375-254810.1126/sciadv.aat1061]. We elaborate a theory of such a transition and demonstrate how the initial sinusoidal magnetic structure gradually transforms into a solitonlike domain one. Further cooling may trigger a first-order transition from the short-period domain Meissner phase to the self-induced ferromagnetic vortex state, and we calculate the parameters of this transition. The size of the domains in the vortex state is basically the same as in the normal ferromagnet, but with the domain walls which should generate the set of vortices perpendicular to the vortices in the domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zh Devizorova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia and Kotelnikov Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics RAS, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mironov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-105, Russia
| | - A Buzdin
- University Bordeaux, LOMA UMR-CNRS 5798, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France and Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Abstract
We address the issue of whether a no-go theorem for static, spherically symmetric wormholes, proven in Horndeski theories, can be circumvented by going beyond Horndeski. We show that the ghost instabilities which are at the heart of the no-go theorem, can indeed be avoided. The wormhole solutions with the latter property are, however, strongly fine tuned, and hence it is likely that they are unstable. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether these solutions have other pathologies, like gradient instabilities along angular and radial directions.
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Abstract
We discuss the stability of the classical bouncing solutions in the general Horndeski theory and beyond Horndeski theory. We restate the no-go theorem, showing that in the general Horndeski theory there are no spatially flat non-singular cosmological solutions which are stable during entire evolution. We show the way to evade the no-go in beyond Horndeski theory and give two specific examples of bouncing solutions, whose asymptotic past and future or both are described by General Relativity (GR) with a conventional massless scalar field. Both solutions are free of any pathologies at all times.
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Mironov S. From a reversible code to the quantum one: R-matrix. EPJ Web Conf 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818202088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This research has been carried out in collaboration with D.Melnikov, A.Mironov, A.Morozov and An.Morozov. We study the relation between quantum programming and knot theory. The general idea is that knot theory provides a special basis for unitary matrices. We suggest to use R-matrices of knot theory as universal gates in quantum code. We also examine basic operations in reversible programming.
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Mironov S, Buzdin A. Spontaneous Currents in Superconducting Systems with Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:077001. [PMID: 28256853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.077001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We show that Rashba spin-orbit coupling at the interface between a superconductor and a ferromagnet should produce a spontaneous current in the atomic thickness region near the interface. This current is counterbalanced by the superconducting screening current flowing in the region of the width of the London penetration depth near the interface. Such a current-carrying state creates a magnetic field near the superconductor surface, generates a stray magnetic field outside the sample edges, changes the slope of the temperature dependence of the critical field H_{c3}, and may generate the spontaneous Abrikosov vortices near the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mironov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, GSP-105, Russia
| | - A Buzdin
- University Bordeaux, LOMA UMR-CNRS 5798, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
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Cowan RA, O'Cearbhaill RE, Gardner GJ, Levine DA, Roche KL, Sonoda Y, Zivanovic O, Tew WP, Sala E, Lakhman Y, Vargas Alvarez HA, Sarasohn DM, Mironov S, Abu-Rustum NR, Chi DS. Is It Time to Centralize Ovarian Cancer Care in the United States? Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 23:989-93. [PMID: 26511267 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article was to broadly review the most up-to-date information pertaining to the centralization of ovarian cancer care in the United States (US) and worldwide. METHODS Much of the present literature pertaining to disparities in, and centralization of, ovarian cancer care in the US and internationally was reviewed, and specifically included original research and review articles. RESULTS Data show improved optimal debulking rates, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline adherence, and overall survival rates in higher-volume, more specialized hospitals, and amongst higher-volume providers. CONCLUSIONS Patients with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, especially those with higher stages (III and IV), are better served by centralized care in high-volume hospitals and by high-volume physicians, who adhere to NCCN guidelines wherever possible. More research is needed to determine the policy changes that can increase NCCN guideline adherence in low-volume hospitals and low-provider caseload scenarios. Policy and future research should be aimed at increasing patient access, either directly or indirectly, to high-volume hospital and high-volume providers, especially amongst Medicare, lower socioeconomic status, and minority patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee A Cowan
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roisin E O'Cearbhaill
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ginger J Gardner
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Long Roche
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yukio Sonoda
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Zivanovic
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William P Tew
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evis Sala
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hebert A Vargas Alvarez
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Debra M Sarasohn
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem R Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Dennis S Chi
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Benaud C, Le Dez G, Mironov S, Galli F, Reboutier D, Prigent C. Annexin A2 is required for the early steps of cytokinesis. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:481-9. [PMID: 25712672 PMCID: PMC4388614 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201440015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis requires the formation of an actomyosin contractile ring between the two sets of sister chromatids. Annexin A2 is a calcium- and phospholipid-binding protein implicated in cortical actin remodeling. We report that annexin A2 accumulates at the equatorial cortex at the onset of cytokinesis and depletion of annexin A2 results in cytokinetic failure, due to a defective cleavage furrow assembly. In the absence of annexin A2, the small GTPase RhoA-which regulates cortical cytoskeletal rearrangement-fails to form a compact ring at the equatorial plane. Furthermore, annexin A2 is required for cortical localization of the RhoGEF Ect2 and to maintain the association between the equatorial cortex and the central spindle. Our results demonstrate that annexin A2 is necessary in the early phase of cytokinesis. We propose that annexin A2 participates in central spindle-equatorial plasma membrane communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Benaud
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Gaëlle Le Dez
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Federico Galli
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - David Reboutier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Claude Prigent
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 6290 Equipe Labellisée Ligue 2014, Rennes, France Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, Rennes, France
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Suidan RS, Ramirez PT, Sarasohn DM, Teitcher JB, Mironov S, Iyer RB, Zhou Q, Iasonos A, Paul H, Hosaka M, Aghajanian CA, Leitao MM, Gardner GJ, Abu-Rustum NR, Sonoda Y, Levine DA, Hricak H, Chi DS. A multicenter prospective trial evaluating the ability of preoperative computed tomography scan and serum CA-125 to predict suboptimal cytoreduction at primary debulking surgery for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 134:455-61. [PMID: 25019568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen/pelvis and serum CA-125 to predict suboptimal (>1cm residual disease) primary cytoreduction in advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer. METHODS This was a prospective, non-randomized, multicenter trial of patients who underwent primary cytoreduction for stage III-IV ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer. A CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis and serum CA-125 were obtained within 35 and 14 days before surgery, respectively. Four clinical and 20 radiologic criteria were assessed. RESULTS From 7/2001 to 12/2012, 669 patients were enrolled; 350 met eligibility criteria. The optimal debulking rate was 75%. On multivariate analysis, three clinical and six radiologic criteria were significantly associated with suboptimal debulking: age ≥ 60 years (p=0.01); CA-125 ≥ 500 U/mL (p<0.001); ASA 3-4 (p<0.001); suprarenal retroperitoneal lymph nodes >1cm (p<0.001); diffuse small bowel adhesions/thickening (p<0.001); and lesions >1cm in the small bowel mesentery (p=0.03), root of the superior mesenteric artery (p=0.003), perisplenic area (p<0.001), and lesser sac (p<0.001). A 'predictive value score' was assigned for each criterion, and the suboptimal debulking rates of patients who had a total score of 0, 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, and ≥ 9 were 5%, 10%, 17%, 34%, 52%, and 74%, respectively. A prognostic model combining these nine factors had a predictive accuracy of 0.758. CONCLUSIONS We identified nine criteria associated with suboptimal cytoreduction, and developed a predictive model in which the suboptimal rate was directly proportional to a predictive value score. These results may be helpful in pretreatment patient assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy S Suidan
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro T Ramirez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MSKCC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexia Iasonos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MSKCC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harold Paul
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Masayoshi Hosaka
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carol A Aghajanian
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, MSKCC, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mario M Leitao
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ginger J Gardner
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem R Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yukio Sonoda
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Dennis S Chi
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Suidan R, Ramirez P, Sarasohn D, Teitcher J, Mironov S, Iyer R, Zhou Q, Paul H, Osaka M, Chi D. A prospective trial evaluating the ability of preoperative CT scan and serum CA-125 to predict suboptimal cytoreduction at primary debulking surgery for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zarzoso M, Mironov S, Guerrero-Serna G, Willis BC, Pandit SV. Ventricular remodelling in rabbits with sustained high-fat diet. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 211:36-47. [PMID: 24304486 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Excess weight gain and obesity are one of the most serious health problems in the western societies. These conditions enhance risk of cardiac disease and have been linked with increased prevalence for cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. Our goal was to study the ventricular remodelling occurring in rabbits fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and its potential arrhythmogenic mechanisms. METHODS We used 15 NZW rabbits that were randomly assigned to a control (n = 7) or HFD group (n = 8) for 18 weeks. In vivo studies included blood glucose, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic measurements. Optical mapping was performed in Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts. RESULTS Body weight (3.69 ± 0.31 vs. 2.94 ± 0.18 kg, P < 0.001) and blood glucose levels (230 ± 61 vs. 141 ± 14 mg dL(-1) , P < 0.05) were higher in the HFD group vs. controls. The rate-corrected QT interval and its dispersion were increased in HFD rabbits vs. controls (169 ± 10 vs. 146 ± 13 ms and 37 ± 11 vs. 9 ± 2 ms, respectively; P < 0.05). Echocardiographic analysis showed morphological and functional alterations in HFD rabbits indicative of left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy. Isolated heart studies revealed no changes in repolarization and propagation properties under conditions of normal extracellular K(+) , suggesting that extrinsic factors could underlie those electrocardiographic modifications. There were no differences in the dynamics of ventricular fibrillation (frequency, wave breaks) in the presence of isoproterenol. However, HFD rabbits showed a small reduction in action potential duration and an increased incidence of arrhythmias during hyperkalaemia. CONCLUSION High-fat feeding during 18 weeks in rabbits induced a type II diabetes phenotype, LV hypertrophy, abnormalities in repolarization and susceptibility to arrhythmias during hyperkalaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zarzoso
- Center for Arrhythmia Research; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
- Department of Physiotherapy; Universitat de València; Valencia Spain
| | - S. Mironov
- Center for Arrhythmia Research; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - G. Guerrero-Serna
- Center for Arrhythmia Research; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - B. Cicero Willis
- Center for Arrhythmia Research; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - S. V. Pandit
- Center for Arrhythmia Research; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
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Balar AV, Apolo AB, Ostrovnaya I, Mironov S, Iasonos A, Trout A, Regazzi AM, Garcia-Grossman IR, Gallagher DJ, Milowsky MI, Bajorin DF. Phase II study of gemcitabine, carboplatin, and bevacizumab in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:724-30. [PMID: 23341513 PMCID: PMC3574268 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.42.5215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although gemcitabine and carboplatin (GCa) is a standard option for patients with advanced urothelial cancer (UC) who are ineligible for cisplatin, outcomes remain poor. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab with GCa in advanced UC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with Karnofsky performance status of 60% to 70%, creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min, visceral metastasis, or solitary kidney were eligible and received a lead-in dose of bevacizumab 10 mg/kg followed 2 weeks later by gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and carboplatin at area under the [concentration-time] curve (AUC) 5.0 or 4.5 and bevacizumab 15 mg/kg on day 1 every 21 days for six cycles. Patients achieving at least stable disease (SD) continued bevacizumab 15 mg/kg every 21 days for 18 additional cycles. The study was powered to detect a 50% improvement in median progression-free survival (PFS) over a historical control. RESULTS Fifty-one patients, median age 67 years (range, 42 to 83 years), were enrolled onto the study and were evaluable for toxicity. Twenty (39%) experienced grade 3 to 4 toxicity, and 10 (20%) had thromboembolic events (deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism). Four received one or fewer cycles leaving 47 evaluable for outcomes. Twenty-three (49%) achieved response (three complete; 20 partial), and 11 had SD. Median PFS was 6.5 months (95% CI, 4.7 to 7.8 months); PFS was greater in the carboplatin AUC 5.0 group (P = .04). Median overall survival (OS) was 13.9 months. CONCLUSION The 95% one-sided lower confidence bound of 4.77 months for median PFS did not meet the predesignated PFS of more than 4.8 months considered sufficient for further study. Median OS was greater than expected. An ongoing phase III trial in patients who are eligible for therapy with cisplatin will define the role of bevacizumab in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun V. Balar
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Andrea B. Apolo
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Irina Ostrovnaya
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Alexia Iasonos
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Alisa Trout
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Ashley M. Regazzi
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - David J. Gallagher
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Matthew I. Milowsky
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Dean F. Bajorin
- Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, Irina Ostrovnaya, Svetlana Mironov, Alexia Iasonos, Alisa Trout, Ashley M. Regazzi, Ilana R. Garcia-Grossman, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Arjun V. Balar, Andrea B. Apolo, David J. Gallagher, Matthew I. Milowsky, and Dean F. Bajorin, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
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Diotel N, Vaillant C, Gabbero C, Mironov S, Fostier A, Gueguen MM, Anglade I, Kah O, Pellegrini E. Effects of estradiol in adult neurogenesis and brain repair in zebrafish. Horm Behav 2013; 63:193-207. [PMID: 22521210 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The brain of the adult teleost fish exhibits intense neurogenic activity and an outstanding capability for brain repair. Remarkably, the brain estrogen-synthesizing enzyme, aromatase B, is strongly expressed, particularly in adult fishes, in radial glial cells, which act as progenitors. Using zebrafish, we tested the hypothesis that estrogens affect adult neurogenesis and brain regeneration by modulating the neurogenic activity of radial glial cells. To investigate this, the estrogenic environment was modified through inhibition of aromatase activity, blockade of nuclear estrogen receptors, or estrogenic treatments. Estrogens significantly decreased cell proliferation and migration at the olfactory bulbs/telencephalon junction and in the mediobasal hypothalamus. It also appears that cell survival is reduced at the olfactory bulbs/telencephalon junction. We also developed a model of telencephalic lesion to assess the role of aromatase and estrogens in brain repair. Proliferation increased rapidly immediately after the lesion in the parenchyma of the injured telencephalon, while proliferation at the ventricular surface appeared after 48 h and peaked at 7 days. At this time, most proliferative cells express Sox2, however, none of these Sox2 positive cells correspond to aromatase B-positive radial glial cells. Interestingly, aromatase B expression was significantly reduced 48 h and 7 days after the injury, but surprisingly, at 72 h after lesion, aromatase B expression appeared de novo expressed in parenchyma cells, suggesting a role for this ectopic expression of aromatase in brain repair mechanisms. Altogether these data suggest that estrogens modulate adult, but not reparative neurogenesis, in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Diotel
- Neuroendocrine Effects of Endocrine Disruptors, Inserm, IRSET, U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Mironov S, Mel'nikov A, Buzdin A. Vanishing Meissner effect as a hallmark of in-plane Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov instability in superconductor-ferromagnet layered systems. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:237002. [PMID: 23368244 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.237002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that in a wide class of multilayered superconductor-ferromagnet structures (e.g., S/F, S/F/N, and S/F/F') the vanishing Meissner effect signals the appearance of the in-plane Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) modulated superconducting phase. In contrast to the bulk superconductors the FFLO instability in these systems can emerge at temperatures close to the critical one and is effectively controlled by the S layer thickness and the angle between magnetization vectors in the F/F' bilayers. The predicted FFLO state is revealed through the critical temperature oscillations vs the perpendicular magnetic field component.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mironov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod GSP-105, Russia
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17
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Konner J, Grisham RN, Park J, O’Connor OA, Cropp G, Johnson R, Hannah AL, Hensley ML, Sabbatini P, Mironov S, Danishefsky S, Hyman D, Spriggs DR, Dupont J, Aghajanian C. Erratum to: Phase I clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of KOS-862 (Epothilone D) in patients with advanced solid tumors and lymphoma. Invest New Drugs 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9780-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Konner J, Grisham RN, Park J, O'Connor OA, Cropp G, Johnson R, Hannah AL, Hensley ML, Sabbatini P, Mironov S, Miranov S, Danishefsky S, Hyman D, Spriggs DR, Dupont J, Aghajanian C. Phase I clinical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of KOS-862 (Epothilone D) in patients with advanced solid tumors and lymphoma. Invest New Drugs 2012; 30:2294-302. [PMID: 22072399 PMCID: PMC4003559 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the maximum tolerated dose and safety of the epothilone, KOS-862, in patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were treated weekly for 3 out of 4 weeks (Schedule A) or 2 out of 3 weeks (Schedule B) with KOS-862 (16-120 mg/m(2)). Pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling was performed during cycles 1 and 2; pharmacodynamic (PD) assessment for microtubule bundle formation (MTBF) was performed after the 1st dose, only at or above 100 mg/m(2). RESULTS Thirty-two patients were enrolled, and twenty-nine completed ≥1 cycle of therapy. Dose limiting toxicity [DLT] was observed at 120 mg/m(2). PK data were linear from 16 to 100 mg/m(2), with proportional increases in mean C(max) and AUC(tot) as a function of dose. Full PK analysis (mean ± SD) at 100 mg/m(2) revealed the following: half-life (t (½)) = 9.1 ± 2.2 h; volume of distribution (V(z)) = 119 ± 41 L/m(2); clearance (CL) = 9.3 ± 3.2 L/h/m(2). MTBF (n = 9) was seen in 40% of PBMCs within 1 h and in 15% of PBMC at 24-hours post infusion at 100 mg/m(2). Tumor shrinkage (n = 2, lymphoma), stable disease >3 months (n = 5, renal, prostate, oropharynx, cholangiocarcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma), and tumor marker reductions (n = 1, colorectal cancer/CEA) were observed. CONCLUSION KOS-862 was well tolerated with manageable toxicity, favorable PK profile, and the suggestion of clinical activity. The maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 100 mg/m(2) weekly 3-on/1-off. MTBF can be demonstrated in PBMCs of patients exposed to KOS-862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Konner
- Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Martins R, Filgueras-Rama D, Kaur K, Avula U, Ennis S, Mironov S, Kalifa J, Brenfeld O, Rajamani S, Belardinelli L, Jalife J, Pandit S. Effects of Ranolazine on Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Isolated Sheep Hearts. Heart Rhythm 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Mironov O, Sala E, Mironov S, Pannu H, Chi DS, Hricak H. Thoracic metastasis in advanced ovarian cancer: comparison between computed tomography and video-assisted thoracic surgery. J Gynecol Oncol 2011; 22:260-8. [PMID: 22247803 PMCID: PMC3254845 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2011.22.4.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine which computed tomography (CT) imaging features predict pleural malignancy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), pathology, and cytology findings as the reference standard. METHODS This retrospective study included 44 patients with International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) stage III or IV primary or recurrent EOC who had chest CT ≤30 days before VATS. Two radiologists independently reviewed the CT studies and recorded the presence and size of pleural effusions and of ascites; pleural nodules, thickening, enhancement, subdiaphragmatic tumour deposits and supradiaphragmatic, mediastinal, hilar, and retroperitoneal adenopathy; and peritoneal seeding. VATS, pathology, and cytology findings constituted the reference standard. RESULTS In 26/44 (59%) patients, pleural biopsies were malignant. Only the size of left-sided pleural effusion (reader 1: rho=-0.39, p=0.01; reader 2: rho=-0.37, p=0.01) and presence of ascites (reader 1: rho=-0.33, p=0.03; reader 2: rho=-0.35, p=0.03) were significantly associated with solid pleural metastasis. Pleural fluid cytology was malignant in 26/35 (74%) patients. Only the presence (p=0.03 for both readers) and size (reader 1: rho=0.34, p=0.04; reader 2: rho=0.33, p=0.06) of right-sided pleural effusion were associated with malignant pleural effusion. Interobserver agreement was substantial (kappa=0.78) for effusion size and moderate (kappa=0.46) for presence of solid pleural disease. No other CT features were associated with malignancy at biopsy or cytology. CONCLUSION In patients with advanced EOC, ascites and left-sided pleural effusion size were associated with solid pleural metastasis, while the presence and size of right-sided effusion were associated with malignant pleural effusion. No other CT features evaluated were associated with pleural malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mironov
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Evis Sala
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Harpreet Pannu
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Dennis S. Chi
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Hedvig Hricak
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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Diotel N, Servili A, Gueguen MM, Mironov S, Pellegrini E, Vaillant C, Zhu Y, Kah O, Anglade I. Nuclear progesterone receptors are up-regulated by estrogens in neurons and radial glial progenitors in the brain of zebrafish. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28375. [PMID: 22140581 PMCID: PMC3227669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In rodents, there is increasing evidence that nuclear progesterone receptors are transiently expressed in many regions of the developing brain, notably outside the hypothalamus. This suggests that progesterone and/or its metabolites could be involved in functions not related to reproduction, particularly in neurodevelopment. In this context, the adult fish brain is of particular interest, as it exhibits constant growth and high neurogenic activity that is supported by radial glia progenitors. However, although synthesis of neuroprogestagens has been documented recently in the brain of zebrafish, information on the presence of progesterone receptors is very limited. In zebrafish, a single nuclear progesterone receptor (pgr) has been cloned and characterized. Here, we demonstrate that this pgr is widely distributed in all regions of the zebrafish brain. Interestingly, we show that Pgr is strongly expressed in radial glial cells and more weakly in neurons. Finally, we present evidence, based on quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry, that nuclear progesterone receptor mRNA and proteins are upregulated by estrogens in the brain of adult zebrafish. These data document for the first time the finding that radial glial cells are preferential targets for peripheral progestagens and/or neuroprogestagens. Given the crucial roles of radial glial cells in adult neurogenesis, the potential effects of progestagens on their activity and the fate of daughter cells require thorough investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Diotel
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Arianna Servili
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | | | - Svetlana Mironov
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Elisabeth Pellegrini
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Colette Vaillant
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Olivier Kah
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Isabelle Anglade
- Neurogenesis and Oestrogens, UMR CNRS 6026, IFR140, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Pandit SV, Zlochiver S, Filgueiras-Rama D, Mironov S, Yamazaki M, Ennis SR, Noujaim SF, Workman AJ, Berenfeld O, Kalifa J, Jalife J. Corrigendum to: Targeting atrioventricular differences in ion channel properties for terminating acute atrial fibrillation in pigs. Cardiovasc Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Diotel N, Do Rego JL, Anglade I, Vaillant C, Pellegrini E, Gueguen MM, Mironov S, Vaudry H, Kah O. Activity and expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the brain of adult zebrafish. Eur J Neurosci 2011; 34:45-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07731.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nageh-Armanios M, De Paula Santos L, Ladeia AM, Atie J, Ferrari FP, Ferrandi FM, Barassi BP, Florio FM, Tripodi TM, Reina RC, Molinari MI, Bianchi BG, Husti Z, Chadaide SZ, Kohajda ZS, Juhasz V, Saghy L, Jost N, Varro A, Baczko I, Quintanilla JG, Moreno Planas J, Molina-Morua R, Garcia-Torrent MJ, Archondo T, Mironov S, Macaya C, Perez-Villacastin J, Letsas K, Charalampous C, Korantzopoulos P, Bramos D, Spoulos A, Kollias G, Efremidis M, Sideris A. Bench to bedside application of ... Europace 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eur223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mironov O, Ishill NM, Mironov S, Vargas HA, Zheng J, Moskowitz CS, Sonoda Y, Papas RS, Chi DS, Hricak H. Pleural effusion detected at CT prior to primary cytoreduction for stage III or IV ovarian carcinoma: effect on survival. Radiology 2010; 258:776-84. [PMID: 21193598 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.10100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prognostic importance of pleural effusions on preoperative computed tomographic (CT) images in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board waived informed consent for this HIPAA-compliant study of 203 patients with International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology stage III (n = 172) or IV (n = 31) epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent CT before primary cytoreductive surgery between 1997 and 2004 (mean age, 61 years; range, 37-96 years). Two radiologists retrospectively evaluated chest and/or abdominal CT images for pleural malignancy and the presence, size, and laterality of pleural effusions. To evaluate survival, Kaplan-Meier methods were used, with log-rank P values for comparisons. Multivariate analyses were conducted by using Cox proportional hazards regression. κ Statistics were calculated for interreader agreement. RESULTS Median survival was 50 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45, 55 months) for patients with stage III disease and 41 months (95% CI: 27, 58 months) for patients with stage IV disease. Readers 1 and 2 found pleural effusions in 40 and 41 stage III and 20 and 21 stage IV patients, respectively. At multivariate analysis, after controlling for stage, age at surgery, preoperative serum CA-125 level, debulking status, and ascites, moderate-to-large pleural effusion on CT images was significantly associated with worse overall survival (reader 1: hazard ratio = 2.27 [95% CI: 1.31, 3.92], P < .01; reader 2: hazard ratio = 2.25 [95% CI: 1.26, 4.01], P = .02). Preoperative CA-125 level, debulking status, and ascites were also significant survival predictors (P ≤ .03 for all for both readers). Readers agreed substantially in distinguishing small from moderate-to-large effusions (κ = 0.764). CONCLUSION Moderate-to-large pleural effusion on preoperative CT images in patients with stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer was independently associated with poorer overall survival after controlling for age, preoperative CA-125 level, surgical stage, ascites, and cytoreductive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mironov
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Room C-278, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Diotel N, Vaillant C, Gueguen MM, Mironov S, Anglade I, Servili A, Pellegrini E, Kah O. Cxcr4 and Cxcl12 expression in radial glial cells of the brain of adult zebrafish. J Comp Neurol 2010; 518:4855-76. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sala E, Kataoka M, Pandit-Taskar N, Ishill N, Mironov S, Moskowitz CS, Mironov O, Collins MA, Chi DS, Larson S, Hricak H. Recurrent ovarian cancer: use of contrast-enhanced CT and PET/CT to accurately localize tumor recurrence and to predict patients' survival. Radiology 2010; 257:125-34. [PMID: 20697116 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.10092279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare accuracy and interobserver variability in the detection and localization of recurrent ovarian cancer with contrast material-enhanced (CE) computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and determine whether imaging findings can be used to predict survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS Waiving informed consent, the institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant, retrospective study of 35 women (median age, 54.4 years) with histopathologically proven recurrent ovarian carcinoma who underwent CE CT and PET/CT before exploratory surgery. All CE CT and PET/CT scans were independently analyzed. Tumor presence, number of lesions, and the size and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max)) of the largest lesion were recorded for patient and region. Surgical histopathologic findings constituted the reference standard. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs), κ statistics, and hazard ratios were calculated. RESULTS Readers' AUCs in detection of recurrence for region were 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81, 0.90) and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.83) for CE CT and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.89) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.81) for PET/CT (P = .76); 12 patients died. At PET/CT, size, number, and SUV(max) of peritoneal deposits were significantly associated with poor survival for readers 1 and 2 (P ≤ .01and ≤ .05, respectively), as were long- and short-axis diameters, number, and SUV(max) of distant lymph nodes for reader 1 (P ≤ .001). With CE CT, size (reader 1) and number (readers 1 and 3) of peritoneal deposits were significantly associated with poor survival (P ≤ .01), as were long- and short-axis diameters and number of distant lymph nodes for reader 1 (P ≤ .01). Interobserver agreement ranged from fair (patient, κ = 0.30) to moderate (region, κ = 0.55) for CE CT and fair (patient, κ = 0.24) to substantial (region, κ = 0.63) for PET/CT. CONCLUSION Preliminary data suggest that CE CT and PET/CT may have similar accuracy in detection of recurrent ovarian cancer. Tumor size, number, and SUV(max) may have potential as prognostic biomarkers for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evis Sala
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England.
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Kolev V, Mironov S, Mironov O, Ishill N, Moskowitz CS, Gardner GJ, Levine DA, Hricak H, Barakat RR, Chi DS. Prognostic Significance of Supradiaphragmatic Lymphadenopathy Identified on Preoperative Computed Tomography Scan in Patients Undergoing Primary Cytoreduction for Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2010; 20:979-84. [DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181e833f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:It has been hypothesized that the supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes serve as the principal nodes for lymphatic drainage of the entire peritoneal cavity. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of enlarged supradiaphragmatic nodes noted on preoperative computed tomographic (CT) scan in patients undergoing primary cytoreduction for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).Methods:We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with stage III and IV EOC according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics who had preoperative CT scans, including the supradiaphragmatic region, and had undergone primary cytoreductive surgery at our institution between January 1997 and June 2004. Scans were retrospectively reviewed by a radiologist. We defined supradiaphragmatic adenopathy as nodes measuring greater than 5 mm on the largest of 2 perpendicular measurements on the CT scan. The Fisher exact test was used to compare proportions. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for the survival analyses.Results:A total of 212 evaluable patients were identified. All underwent attempted primary cytoreduction followed by systemic chemotherapy. None had any supradiaphragmatic nodes removed at primary cytoreduction. With a median follow-up time of 52 months, median overall survival for the entire cohort was 48 months. Of 212 patients, 92 (43%) had supradiaphragmatic adenopathy. Median survival was 50 months for patients without adenopathy and 45 months for patients with adenopathy (P = 0.09). Of the 212 patients, 155 (73%) underwent optimal cytoreduction. In these patients, median survival was 55 months for the 91 without adenopathy and 50 months for the 64 patients with supradiaphragmatic adenopathy (P = 0.09).Conclusions:We observed a trend toward worse survival in patients with enlarged supradiaphragmatic nodes. The prognostic impact of supradiaphragmatic adenopathy remains uncertain and deserves further study.
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Chi DS, Barlin JN, Ramirez PT, Levenback CF, Mironov S, Sarasohn DM, Iyer RB, Dao F, Hricak H, Barakat RR. Follow-Up Study of the Correlation Between Postoperative Computed Tomographic Scan and Primary Surgeon Assessment in Patients With Advanced Ovarian, Tubal, or Peritoneal Carcinoma Reported to Have Undergone Primary Surgical Cytoreduction to Residual Disease of 1 cm or Smaller. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2010; 20:353-7. [DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181d09fd6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary nodules are common incidental findings on thoracic imaging examinations. This study sought to determine whether antibiotic use is associated with any improvement in nodule appearance and to identify clinical findings and nodule characteristics potentially influencing the decision to prescribe antibiotics. METHODS Electronic medical records were reviewed of outpatients referred to a metropolitan cancer center for pulmonary nodules seen on chest CT scans who did not undergo biopsy. The primary end point was the appearance of each nodule on the first follow-up scan. A subset analysis was performed for patients manifesting symptoms or radiographic findings suggesting infection. An analysis was performed to determine what clinical and radiographic findings were associated with the decision to prescribe antibiotics. RESULTS Between January 2003 and December 2004, 143 evaluations were performed for 293 nodules. Antibiotics were prescribed to 34 (24%) evaluations. A trend toward improvement was seen with antibiotic use, which was not significant. The percentage of nodules that improved was 33% among those receiving antibiotics and 27% among those who did not (odds ratio 1.33; 95% CI, 0.55-3.27). Among 63 patients with pulmonary symptoms, 41% of nodules improved among those receiving antibiotics and 28% among those who did not (odds ratio 1.78; 95% CI, 0.42-7.78). The decision to prescribe antibiotics was associated only with larger nodule size and bronchiectasis. CONCLUSIONS These data do not support antibiotic use for pulmonary nodules. However, the trend toward improved nodule appearance suggests that larger prospective trials are warranted to clarify the role of antibiotics in managing lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Khokhar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Milowsky MI, Nanus DM, Maluf FC, Mironov S, Shi W, Iasonos A, Riches J, Regazzi A, Bajorin DF. Final results of sequential doxorubicin plus gemcitabine and ifosfamide, paclitaxel, and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with metastatic or locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:4062-7. [PMID: 19636012 PMCID: PMC4979229 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.21.2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sequential chemotherapy with doxorubicin and gemcitabine (AG) followed by ifosfamide, paclitaxel, and cisplatin (ITP) was previously demonstrated to be well tolerated in patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). This study sought to evaluate the efficacy and to additionally define toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty patients with advanced TCC received AG every 2 weeks for five or six cycles followed by ITP every 21 days for four cycles. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was given between cycles. RESULTS Myelosuppression was seen with 68% of patients who experienced grades 3 to 4 neutropenia and with 25% who experienced febrile neutropenia. Grade 3 or greater nonhematologic toxicities were infrequent. Forty (73%) of 55 evaluable patients (95% CI, 59% to 84%) demonstrated a major response (complete, n = 19; partial, n = 21) and had a median response duration of 11.3 months (range, 1.7 to >or= 105.6 months). Twenty-seven (79%) of 34 patients with locally advanced disease (ie, T4, N0, M0) or with regional lymph node involvement (ie, T3-4, N1, M0) and 10 (56%) of 18 patients with distant metastases achieved a major response. The median progression-free survival was 12.1 months (95% CI, 9.0 to 14.8 months), and the median overall survival was 16.4 months (95% CI, 14.0 to 22.5 months). At a median follow-up of 76.4 months, seven (11.7%) patients remain alive, and all were disease free. CONCLUSION AG plus ITP is an active regimen in previously untreated patients with advanced TCC; however, it is associated with toxicity and does not clearly offer a benefit compared with other nonsequential, cisplatin-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I Milowsky
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Kolev V, Mironov S, Mironov O, Moskowitz C, Ishill NM, Gardner GJ, Levine DA, Hricak H, Barakat RR, Chi DS. The prognostic significance of supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy identified on preoperative computed tomography scan in patients undergoing primary cytoreduction for advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16512 Background: It has been hypothesized and shown in animal studies that the supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes serve as the principal nodes for lymphatic drainage of the entire peritoneal cavity. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of enlarged supra-diaphragmatic nodes noted on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients (pts) with FIGO stage III and IV EOC who had preoperative CT scans of the supradiaphragmatic region and primary cytoreductive surgery at our institution between 1997 and 2004. All scans were retrospectively reviewed by one board-certified radiologist (SM). To evaluate survival, Kaplan-Meier methods were used, with log rank Pvalues for comparisons. Results: A total of 212 eligible pts who underwent attempted primary cytoreduction followed by platinum-based systemic chemotherapy were identified for evaluation. With a median follow-up time of 52 mos, there were 135 deaths and a median overall survival of 48 mos (95% CI: 44–53). Of the 212 pts, 44 (21%) had supradiaphragmatic adenopathy with nodes >1 cm, while 168 (79%) did not have adenopathy in this distribution. None of the 44 pts with adenopathy had the enlarged nodes removed at primary cytoreduction. The median survival was 49 mos for pts with and 48 mos for patients without adenopathy (p = 0.46). In total, 155 (73%) patients underwent optimal cytoreduction (residual disease ≤ 1 cm). In the optimally cytoreduced pts, the median survival for the 125 pts without supradiaphragmatic adenopathy was 52 mos (95%CI: 45–59) compared to 51mos (95%CI: 41–58) for the 30 pts with supradiaphragmatic adenopathy (p = 0.33). Conclusions: Although a previous study has shown that supradiaphragmatic adenopathy was associated with poorer overall survival in EOC patients, our study did not confirm these findings. In our study, enlarged supradiaphragmatic nodes noted on preoperative CT scan did not have significant prognostic impact and therefore their clinical significance remains uncertain. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Kolev
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S. Mironov
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - O. Mironov
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - C. Moskowitz
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - N. M. Ishill
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - G. J. Gardner
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D. A. Levine
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - H. Hricak
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - R. R. Barakat
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D. S. Chi
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Chi DS, Ramirez PT, Teitcher JB, Mironov S, Sarasohn DM, Iyer RB, Eisenhauer EL, Abu-Rustum NR, Sonoda Y, Levine DA, Brown CL, Aghajanian C, Gershenson DM, Hoskins WJ, Hricak H, Barakat RR. Prospective Study of the Correlation Between Postoperative Computed Tomography Scan and Primary Surgeon Assessment in Patients With Advanced Ovarian, Tubal, and Peritoneal Carcinoma Reported to Have Undergone Primary Surgical Cytoreduction to Residual Disease 1 cm or Less. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25:4946-51. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.12.2317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare surgeons' operative assessments of residual disease (RD) to those identified on postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma reported to have undergone optimal primary cytoreduction. Patients and Methods All patients at one of two institutions, who were scheduled to have primary surgery for presumed advanced ovarian cancer, were asked to consent to a postoperative CT scan if cytoreduction to ≤ 1 cm RD was reported. CT scan findings were graded using a qualitative analysis scale from 1 (normal) to 5 (definitely malignant). Results From January 2001 to September 2006, 285 patients were enrolled. A total of 78 patients met eligibility criteria and had postoperative CT scans. In 41 cases (52%), postoperative scan findings correlated with the surgical report of no RD more than 1 cm, and in seven cases (9%), the CT findings were indeterminate. In 10 cases (13%), more than 1 cm RD was noted by the radiologist as probably malignant, and in 20 cases (26%), definitely malignant. In these 30 cases, the radiologically reported median largest residual mass was 1.9 cm (range, 1.1 to 5.1), with RD more than 1 cm reported most commonly in the right upper quadrant (15 patients [50%]) and central abdomen (nine patients [30%]). Conclusion There was only a 52% correlation between surgeons' assessments and postoperative CT scan evaluations of RD in patients reported to have undergone optimal cytoreduction. Further study is required to determine whether this lack of correlation is due to rapid interval tumor regrowth, RD underestimated by the surgeons, and/or overestimated by the radiologists; and to determine the clinical implications of these discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis S. Chi
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Pedro T. Ramirez
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jerrold B. Teitcher
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Svetlana Mironov
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Debra M. Sarasohn
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Revathy B. Iyer
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Eric L. Eisenhauer
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nadeem R. Abu-Rustum
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yukio Sonoda
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carol L. Brown
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carol Aghajanian
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - David M. Gershenson
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - William J. Hoskins
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hedvig Hricak
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Richard R. Barakat
- From the Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Department of Radiology, and Solid Tumor Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Zimmer O, Baumann K, Fertl M, Franke B, Mironov S, Plonka C, Rich D, Schmidt-Wellenburg P, Wirth HF, van den Brandt B. Superfluid-helium converter for accumulation and extraction of ultracold neutrons. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:104801. [PMID: 17930393 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the first successful extraction of accumulated ultracold neutrons (UCN) from a converter of superfluid helium, in which they were produced by downscattering neutrons of a cold beam from the Munich research reactor. Windowless UCN extraction is performed in vertical direction through a mechanical cold valve. This prototype of a versatile UCN source is comprised of a novel cryostat designed to keep the source portable and to allow for rapid cooldown. We measured time constants for UCN storage and extraction into a detector at room temperature, with the converter held at various temperatures between 0.7 and 1.3 K. The UCN production rate inferred from the count rate of extracted UCN is close to the theoretical expectation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Zimmer
- Physik-Department E18, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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Abstract
Imaging has become an essential part of the clinical management of patients with ovarian cancer, contributing to tumor detection, characterization, staging, treatment planning, and follow-up. Imaging findings incorporated into the clinical impression assist in creating a treatment plan specific for an individual patient. Advances in cross-sectional imaging and nuclear medicine (PET) have yielded new insights into the evaluation of tumor prognostic factors. A multimodality approach can satisfy the complex imaging needs of a patient with ovarian cancer; however, the success of such an approach always depends on available resources and on the skills of the physicians involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Mironov
- Department of Radiology, Cornell University Weill Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Galsky MD, Iasonos A, Mironov S, Scattergood J, Donat SM, Bochner BH, Herr HW, Russo P, Boyle MG, Bajorin DF. Prospective Trial of Ifosfamide, Paclitaxel, and Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced Non-transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urothelial Tract. Urology 2007; 69:255-9. [PMID: 17320659 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-transitional cell carcinomas account for 5% to 10% of urothelial tract tumors and are each characterized by unique demographics, risk factors, and patterns of spread. A unifying feature of these malignancies is their aggressive course and poor outcome with standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Given the rarity of these tumors, no prospective data are available to guide management. METHODS Patients with unresectable/metastatic adenocarcinoma or squamous cell, small cell, sarcomatoid, or poorly differentiated carcinoma of the urothelial tract were eligible for enrollment. Treatment consisted of paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, cisplatin 70 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, ifosfamide 1500 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 to 3 plus mesna. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered with each cycle. The treatment was started again every 3 to 4 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. RESULTS A total of 20 patients were enrolled. They had the following histologic types: adenocarcinoma in 11, squamous cell carcinoma in 8, and small cell carcinoma in 1. Patients received a median of four cycles (range one to six). The treatment was generally well tolerated, and the toxicity was predominantly hematologic. Overall, 7 (35%) of 20 patients (95% confidence interval 15% to 59%) achieved a major response (3 partial and 4 complete). The median survival for patients with adenocarcinoma was 24.8 months (95% confidence interval 10.2 to 32.3), and for those with squamous cell carcinoma it was 8.9 months (95% confidence interval 5.4 to not yet reached). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that this regimen (ifosfamide, paclitaxel, and cisplatin) is active in patients with advanced non-transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study of a chemotherapeutic regimen in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Galsky
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
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Galsky MD, Iasonos A, Mironov S, Scattergood J, Boyle MG, Bajorin DF. Phase II trial of dose-dense doxorubicin plus gemcitabine followed by paclitaxel plus carboplatin in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and impaired renal function. Cancer 2007; 109:549-55. [PMID: 17200962 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based therapy is standard in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma but a large proportion are ineligible due to renal impairment. The safety and activity of a dose-dense carboplatin-based regimen in this patient population were explored. METHODS Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who were ineligible for cisplatin were eligible based on at least 1 of the following: 1) serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL; 2) creatinine clearance of >30 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2); and/or 3) prior nephrectomy. Patients received treatment with doxorubicin plus gemcitabine every other week x 5 cycles followed by paclitaxel plus carboplatin weekly x 12 cycles. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were treated. Myelosuppression was the major toxicity, with 28% of patients experiencing grade 3-4 neutropenia; there were only 2 (8%) episodes of febrile neutropenia. Grade > or = 3 nonhematologic toxicities were infrequent with the exception of grade > or = 3 thrombotic episodes in 4 (16%) patients. There were 5 complete responses and 9 partial responses for an overall response rate of 56% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35%-76%). The median survival was 15 months (95% CI: 11-30). At a median follow-up for survivors of 45 months, 7 (28%) patients are disease-free. CONCLUSIONS Dose-dense sequential chemotherapy is tolerable and active in patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal impairment. Prolonged disease-free survival is achievable in a subset of patients with primary unresectable disease or lymph-node only metastases treated with carboplatin-based therapy +/- surgical consolidation. Randomized trials are needed to define the optimal regimen in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Galsky
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
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Abstract
Although surgical staging is the primary method of assessing prognostic factors in endometrial cancer, cross-sectional imaging may help in treatment planning by providing information about factors such as the depth of myometrial invasion, cervical involvement, and nodal status. The pretreatment evaluation of cervical cancer traditionally has consisted of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and conventional radiographic studies, but more advanced imaging methods allow additional insights into the morphologic and metabolic features of cervical cancer. This article reviews the applications of modern imaging modalities in the assessment of endometrial cancer and cervical cancer and their impact on treatment planning and posttreatment follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Akin
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Galsky MD, Mironov S, Iasonos A, Scattergood J, Boyle MG, Bajorin DF. Phase II trial of pemetrexed as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2006; 25:265-70. [PMID: 17146733 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-006-9020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this single-center phase II study was to determine the activity of pemetrexed administered as second-line therapy in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma. METHODS Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma that had relapsed after receiving perioperative chemotherapy, or progressed on first-line chemotherapy for metastatic disease, were eligible for enrollment. Patients received pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) every 21 days along with folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation. RESULTS A total of 13 patients were enrolled. An objective response was achieved in 1/12 evaluable patients for an overall response rate of 8% (90% upper limit 29%). This level of activity did not meet criteria for expansion based on the pre-defined optimal 2-stage Simon design and the trial was concluded. Treatment was generally well tolerated, however, 2/13 patients developed febrile neutropenia. Non-hematologic grade > or = 3 toxicity was rare. CONCLUSIONS Pemetrexed as second-line therapy in advanced urothelial carcinoma is associated with modest activity. The role of this novel antifolate in chemotherapy-naïve patients warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Galsky
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Joan and Sanford Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Galsky MD, Iasonos A, Mironov S, Scattergood J, Donat SM, Bochner BH, Herr HW, Russo P, Boyle MG, Bajorin DF. Prospective trial of ifosfamide, paclitaxel, and cisplatin (ITP) in patients with advanced non-transitional cell (non-TCC) carcinomas of the urothelial tract. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4542 Background: Non-TCC’s account for 5–10% of urothelial tract tumors and are each characterized by unique demographics, risk factors, and patterns of spread. A unifying feature of these malignancies is their aggressive course and poor outcomes with standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Given the rarity of these tumors, no prospective data are available to guide management. Methods: Patients with unresectable/metastatic adenocarcinoma, squamous cell, small cell, sarcomatoid, and poorly differentiated carcinomas of the urothelial tract were eligible. Treatment consisted of: Paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 IV on day 1, cisplatin 70 mg/m2 IV on day 1, ifosfamide 1500 mg/m2 IV on days 1–3 + mesna. GCSF was administered with each cycle. Treatment was recycled every 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was the response rate. Results: Twenty patients (pts) were enrolled with the following histologic types: adenocarcinoma 11/20, squamous cell carcinoma 8/20, small cell carcinoma 1/20. Pts received a median of 4 cycles (range, 1–6). The grade 3–4 toxicities included neutropenia (6/20), anemia (9/20), thrombocytopenia (4/20), confusion (1/20), seizure (1/20), neuropathy (1/20), renal insufficiency (2/20), fatigue (2/20), and hyponatremia (1/20). Thirteen of the 20 pts have died. The median survival for pts with adenocarcinoma is 24 months (95% CI 9.6–32.4) and with squamous cell carcinoma is 8.4 months (95% CI 5.3-NR). Five pts achieved durable disease-free survival (1+, 2+, 4+, 6+, and 8+ years) after ITP ± surgical consolidation. Conclusions: ITP is an active regimen in pts with advanced non-TCC’s of the urothelial tract. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study of a chemotherapeutic regimen in this patient population. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Galsky
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A. Iasonos
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S. Mironov
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - S. M. Donat
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - B. H. Bochner
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - H. W. Herr
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - P. Russo
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - M. G. Boyle
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D. F. Bajorin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to determine the rate and patterns of malignancy in patients with extrapulmonary cancers and non-calcified pulmonary nodules, and to develop a statistical model to guide clinicians regarding choice of patients for diagnostic biopsy. METHOD The medical records of 151 patients evaluated at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between January 1999 and December 2001 for non-calcified pulmonary nodules were reviewed. Nodules were considered malignant based on the results of a diagnostic biopsy, and were considered benign if their appearance remained stable 2 years after the initial study, if they resolved, or if a biopsy showed a non-malignant condition. RESULTS Sixty four of 151 patients (42%) were diagnosed with malignant nodules; 32 had newly diagnosed lung cancers, 28 had metastatic spread of their primary cancers, and four had lesions that were either new cancers or of undetermined aetiology. On univariate analysis the likelihood of malignancy increased with nodule size, tobacco exposure, and the finding of a solitary nodule. On multivariable analysis only nodule size and tobacco exposure were predictive of malignancy. The model had good predictive accuracy (area under the curve 0.751) but had insufficient discrimination for use as a clinical tool to determine which patients should undergo diagnostic biopsy. CONCLUSION Nearly half the non-calcified pulmonary nodules identified in this series were malignant. Lung cancer was more common than metastatic disease. These findings support the need for close interval follow up and a low threshold for diagnostic biopsy in patients with extrapulmonary cancers and non-calcified pulmonary nodules. In smokers, such lesions should raise concern for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khokhar
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lateral ovarian transposition is a surgical procedure performed in premenopausal women with pelvic malignancies in which the ovaries are surgically displaced from the pelvis, before radiation therapy. In this article, we present the imaging features of normal transposed ovaries as well as the spectrum of abnormalities associated with lateral ovarian transposition. CONCLUSION After lateral ovarian transposition, it is important to recognize the ovaries to avoid confusing them with peritoneal implants. In addition, benign ovarian lesions must be distinguished from primary and secondary malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Sella
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA
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Galsky MD, Mironov S, Scattergood J, Dobrzynski D, Mitra N, Boyle MG, Bajorin DF. Phase I/II study of dose-dense sequential chemotherapy in renal impaired patients (Pts) with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelium. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.4529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Galsky
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - S. Mironov
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | | | | | - N. Mitra
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
| | - M. G. Boyle
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Ctr, New York, NY
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Abstract
Excitable media, which range from autocatalytic chemical systems to biological cells and tissues, can maintain organized structures in the form of rotating spiral waves of excitation. The dynamics of spiral waves in two-dimensional systems have been shown to be susceptible to control by external fields (such as electric, thermal and optical). In three dimensions, the analogues of spiral waves are scroll waves. Here we show that an external field--a temperature gradient--can be used to control a particular class of scroll waves called scroll rings. The gradient allows scroll rings to be precisely oriented in space, and their spontaneous shrinkage to be accelerated, decelerated or even reversed (so that the ring expands). The temperature gradient also influences the lifetimes of the scroll rings. We suggest that these dynamics are likely to be generic to other types of field gradients and other excitable media.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vinson
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Health Sciences Center, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
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