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Wang Y, Chen S, Xue M, Ma J, Yi X, Li X, Lu X, Zhu M, Peng J, Tang Y, Zhu Y. Epigenetic regulation of key gene of PCK1 by enhancer and super-enhancer in the pathogenesis of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:1317-1332. [PMID: 38665091 PMCID: PMC11222861 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rare study of the non-coding and regulatory regions of the genome limits our ability to decode the mechanisms of fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS) in chickens. METHODS Herein, we constructed the high-fat diet-induced FLHS chicken model to investigate the genome-wide active enhancers and transcriptome by H3K27ac target chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) profiles of normal and FLHS liver tissues. Concurrently, an integrative analysis combining ChIP-seq with RNA-Seq and a comparative analysis with chicken FLHS, rat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and human NAFLD at the transcriptome level revealed the enhancer and super enhancer target genes and conservative genes involved in metabolic processes. RESULTS In total, 56 and 199 peak-genes were identified in upregulated peak-genes positively regulated by H3K27ac (Cor (peak-gene correlation) ≥0.5 and log2(FoldChange) ≥1) (PP) and downregulated peak-genes positively regulated by H3K27ac (Cor (peak-gene correlation) ≥0.5 and log2(FoldChange)≤-1) (PN), respectively; then we screened key regulatory targets mainly distributing in lipid metabolism (PCK1, APOA4, APOA1, INHBE) and apoptosis (KIT, NTRK2) together with MAPK and PPAR signaling pathway in FLHS. Intriguingly, PCK1 was also significantly covered in up-regulated super-enhancers (SEs), which further implied the vital role of PCK1 during the development of FLHS. CONCLUSION Together, our studies have identified potential therapeutic biomarkers of PCK1 and elucidated novel insights into the pathogenesis of FLHS, especially for the epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Jinhu Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Xinrui Yi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Xuejin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Meizi Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Yunshu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032,
China
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Sun Z, Peng X, Zhao L, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Wang L, Kang B. From tissue lesions to neurotoxicity: The devastating effects of small-sized nanoplastics on red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173238. [PMID: 38750760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastic pollution typically exhibits more biotoxicity to marine organisms than microplastic pollution. Limited research exists on the toxic effects of small-sized nanoplastics on marine fish, especially regarding their post-exposure resilience. In this study, red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) were exposed to small-sized polystyrene nanoplastics (30 nm, PS-NPs) for 7 days for the exposure experiments, followed by 14 days of recovery experiments. Histologically, hepatic lipid droplets and branchial epithelial liftings were the primary lesions induced by PS-NPs during both exposure and recovery periods. The inhibition of total superoxide dismutase activity and the accumulation of malondialdehyde content throughout the exposure and recovery periods. Transcriptional and metabolic regulation revealed that PS-NPs induced lipid metabolism disorders and DNA damage during the initial 1-2 days of exposure periods, followed by immune responses and neurotoxicity in the later stages (4-7 days). During the early recovery stages (2-7 days), lipid metabolism and cell cycle were activated, while in the later recovery stage (14 days), the emphasis shifted to lipid metabolism and energy metabolism. Persistent histological lesions, changes in antioxidant capacity, and fluctuations in gene and metabolite expression were observed even after 14 days of recovery periods, highlighting the severe biotoxicity of small-sized PS-NPs to marine fish. In summary, small-sized PS-NPs have severe biotoxicity, causing tissue lesions, oxidative damage, lipid metabolism disorders, DNA damage, immune responses, and neurotoxicity in red drum. This study offers valuable insights into the toxic effects and resilience of small-sized nanoplastics on marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Marine Academy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 315613, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yugui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Linlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
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3
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Azimi Mohammadabadi M, Moazzeni A, Jafarzadeh L, Faraji F, Mansourabadi AH, Safari E. Aquaporins in colorectal cancer: exploring their role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug response. Hum Cell 2024; 37:917-930. [PMID: 38806940 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are small, integral proteins facilitating water transport across plasma cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients. This family has 13 unique members (AQP0-12), which can also transport glycerol, urea, gases, and other salute small molecules. AQPs play a crucial role in the regulation of different cellular processes, including metabolism, migration, immunity, barrier function, and angiogenesis. These proteins are found to aberrantly overexpress in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Growing evidence has explored AQPs as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in different cancers. However, there is no comprehensive review compiling the available information on the crucial role of AQPs in the context of colorectal cancer. This review highlights the significance of AQPs as the biomarker and regulator of tumor cells metabolism. In addition, the proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cells related to AQPs expression as well as function are discussed. Understanding the AQPs prominent role in chemotherapy resistance is of great importance clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azimi Mohammadabadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Moazzeni
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Leila Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mansourabadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Elahe Safari
- Breast Health & Cancer Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Elnegaard JJ, Iena FM, Herold J, Lebeck J. Sex-specific effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic triglyceride metabolism in mice with diet-induced obesity. J Physiol 2024; 602:3131-3149. [PMID: 37026573 DOI: 10.1113/jp284188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in obese rats and human cell models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have indicated that knockdown of the hepatic glycerol channel aquaporin 9 (AQP9) leads to decreased hepatic steatosis. However, a study in leptin receptor-deficient mice did not find that knockout (KO) of AQP9 alleviated hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on hepatic glycerol and triglyceride metabolism in male and female AQP9 KO mice. Male and female AQP9 KO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were fed a HFD for 12 weeks. Weight, food intake and blood glucose were monitored throughout the study and tissue analysis included determination of hepatic triglyceride content and triglyceride secretion. The expression of key molecules for hepatic glycerol and triglyceride metabolism was evaluated using qPCR and western blotting. AQP9 KO and WT mice demonstrated a similar weight gain throughout the study period, and we found no evidence for AQP9 deficiency being associated with a reduced hepatic accumulation of triglyceride or a reduced blood glucose level. Instead, we show that the effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic lipid metabolism is sex-specific, with only male AQP9 KO mice having a reduced hepatic secretion of triglycerides and an elevated expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. Male AQP9 KO mice had an elevated blood glucose level after 12 weeks of HFD when compared to baseline levels. Thus, we found no evidence for AQP9 inhibition being a target for alleviating the development of hepatic steatosis in mice with diet-induced obesity. KEY POINTS: This study investigates the effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic triglyceride metabolism in both male and female mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. No evidence was found for AQP9 deficiency being associated with a reduced hepatic accumulation of triglyceride or a reduced blood glucose level. The effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic triglyceride metabolism is sex-specific. Male AQP9 KO mice had a reduced hepatic secretion of triglycerides and an elevated expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, which likely promotes an increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Male AQP9 KO had an elevated blood glucose level after 12 weeks of HFD when compared to baseline levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Janne Lebeck
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Davidsen LI, Hagberg CE, Goitea V, Lundby SM, Larsen S, Ebbesen MF, Stanic N, Topel H, Kornfeld JW. Mouse vascularized adipose spheroids: an organotypic model for thermogenic adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1396965. [PMID: 38982992 PMCID: PMC11231189 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1396965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues, particularly beige and brown adipose tissue, play crucial roles in energy metabolism. Brown adipose tissues' thermogenic capacity and the appearance of beige cells within white adipose tissue have spurred interest in their metabolic impact and therapeutic potential. Brown and beige fat cells, activated by environmental factors like cold exposure or by pharmacology, share metabolic mechanisms that drive non-shivering thermogenesis. Understanding these two cell types requires advanced, yet broadly applicable in vitro models that reflect the complex microenvironment and vasculature of adipose tissues. Here we present mouse vascularized adipose spheroids of the stromal vascular microenvironment from inguinal white adipose tissue, a tissue with 'beiging' capacity in mice and humans. We show that adding a scaffold improves vascular sprouting, enhances spheroid growth, and upregulates adipogenic markers, thus reflecting increased adipocyte maturity. Transcriptional profiling via RNA sequencing revealed distinct metabolic pathways upregulated in our vascularized adipose spheroids, with increased expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis. Functional assessment demonstrated increased oxygen consumption in vascularized adipose spheroids compared to classical 2D cultures, which was enhanced by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation correlating with elevated β-adrenergic receptor expression. Moreover, stimulation with the naturally occurring adipokine, FGF21, induced Ucp1 mRNA expression in the vascularized adipose spheroids. In conclusion, vascularized inguinal white adipose tissue spheroids provide a physiologically relevant platform to study how the stromal vascular microenvironment shapes adipocyte responses and influence activated thermogenesis in beige adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ingeborg Davidsen
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carolina E. Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor Goitea
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stine Meinild Lundby
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Frendø Ebbesen
- Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Natasha Stanic
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hande Topel
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Adipocyte Signaling (ADIPOSIGN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Ren J, Dai J, Chen Y, Wang Z, Sha R, Mao J, Mao Y. Hypoglycemic Activity of Rice Resistant-Starch Metabolites: A Mechanistic Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Approach. Metabolites 2024; 14:224. [PMID: 38668351 PMCID: PMC11052319 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the primary sources of energy and nutrients needed by the body, and rice resistant starch (RRS) has been found to have hypoglycemic effects. However, its biological activity and specific mechanisms still need to be further elucidated. In the present study, 52 RRS differential metabolites were obtained from mouse liver, rat serum, canine feces, and human urine, and 246 potential targets were identified through a literature review and database analysis. A total of 151 common targets were identified by intersecting them with the targets of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). After network pharmacology analysis, 11 core metabolites were identified, including linolenic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, lithocholylglycine, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, phenylalanine, norepinephrine, cholic acid, and L-glutamic acid, and 16 core targets were identified, including MAPK3, MAPK1, EGFR, ESR1, PRKCA, FYN, LCK, DLG4, ITGB1, IL6, PTPN11, RARA, NR3C1, PTPN6, PPARA, and ITGAV. The core pathways included the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cancer, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways. The molecular docking results showed that bile acids such as glycoursodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid exhibited strong docking effects with EGFR, ITGAV, ITGB1, MAPK3, NR3C1, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase. In vitro hypoglycemic experiments further suggested that bile acids showed significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with CDCA and UDCA having the most prominent inhibitory effect. In summary, this study reveals a possible hypoglycemic pathway of RRS metabolites and provides new research perspectives to further explore the therapeutic mechanism of bile acids in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Ren
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Jing Dai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Ruyi Sha
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Jianwei Mao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (J.R.); (J.D.); (Y.C.); (Z.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Yangchen Mao
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
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7
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Mallick R, Basak S, Das RK, Banerjee A, Paul S, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Fatty Acids and their Proteins in Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:35-51. [PMID: 37794302 PMCID: PMC10867084 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade adipose tissue inflammation is associated with metabolic disorders. Inflammation results from the intertwined cross-talks of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the immune response of adipose tissue. In addition, adipose FABP4 levels and lipid droplet proteins are involved in systemic and tissue inflammation. Dysregulated adipocytes help infiltrate immune cells derived from bone marrow responsible for producing cytokines and chemokines. When adipose tissue expands in excess, adipocyte exhibits increased secretion of adipokines and is implicated in metabolic disturbances due to the release of free fatty acids. This review presents an emerging concept in adipose tissue fat metabolism, fatty acid handling and binding proteins, and lipid droplet proteins and their involvement in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ranjit K Das
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc, San Pablo, Queretaro, 76130, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
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8
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Imaizumi G, Ushio K, Nishihara H, Braasch I, Watanabe E, Kumagai S, Furuta T, Matsuzaki K, Romero MF, Kato A, Nagashima A. Functional Divergence in Solute Permeability between Ray-Finned Fish-Specific Paralogs of aqp10. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evad221. [PMID: 38039384 PMCID: PMC10769510 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin (Aqp) 10 is a member of the aquaglyceroporin subfamily of water channels, and human Aqp10 is permeable to solutes such as glycerol, urea, and boric acid. Tetrapods have a single aqp10 gene, whereas ray-finned fishes have paralogs of this gene through tandem duplication, whole-genome duplication, and subsequent deletion. A previous study on Aqps in the Japanese pufferfish Takifugu rubripes showed that one pufferfish paralog, Aqp10.2b, was permeable to water and glycerol, but not to urea and boric acid. To understand the functional differences of Aqp10s between humans and pufferfish from an evolutionary perspective, we analyzed Aqp10s from an amphibian (Xenopus laevis) and a lobe-finned fish (Protopterus annectens) and Aqp10.1 and Aqp10.2 from several ray-finned fishes (Polypterus senegalus, Lepisosteus oculatus, Danio rerio, and Clupea pallasii). The expression of tetrapod and lobe-finned fish Aqp10s and Aqp10.1-derived Aqps in ray-finned fishes in Xenopus oocytes increased the membrane permeabilities to water, glycerol, urea, and boric acid. In contrast, Aqp10.2-derived Aqps in ray-finned fishes increased water and glycerol permeabilities, whereas those of urea and boric acid were much weaker than those of Aqp10.1-derived Aqps. These results indicate that water, glycerol, urea, and boric acid permeabilities are plesiomorphic activities of Aqp10s and that the ray-finned fish-specific Aqp10.2 paralogs have secondarily reduced or lost urea and boric acid permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Imaizumi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ushio
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nishihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ingo Braasch
- Department of Integrative Biology and Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Erika Watanabe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiori Kumagai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuzaki
- Marine Science Museum, Fukushima Prefecture (Aquamarine Fukushima, AMF), Iwaki, Japan
| | - Michael F Romero
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Akira Kato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nagashima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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9
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Ramos E, Selleghin-Veiga G, Magpali L, Daros B, Silva F, Picorelli A, Freitas L, Nery MF. Molecular Footprints on Osmoregulation-Related Genes Associated with Freshwater Colonization by Cetaceans and Sirenians. J Mol Evol 2023; 91:865-881. [PMID: 38010516 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-023-10141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The genetic basis underlying adaptive physiological mechanisms has been extensively explored in mammals after colonizing the seas. However, independent lineages of aquatic mammals exhibit complex patterns of secondary colonization in freshwater environments. This change in habitat represents new osmotic challenges, and additional changes in key systems, such as the osmoregulatory system, are expected. Here, we studied the selective regime on coding and regulatory regions of 20 genes related to the osmoregulation system in strict aquatic mammals from independent evolutionary lineages, cetaceans, and sirenians, with representatives in marine and freshwater aquatic environments. We identified positive selection signals in genes encoding the protein vasopressin (AVP) in mammalian lineages with secondary colonization in the fluvial environment and in aquaporins for lineages inhabiting the marine and fluvial environments. A greater number of sites with positive selection signals were found for the dolphin species compared to the Amazonian manatee. Only the AQP5 and AVP genes showed selection signals in more than one independent lineage of these mammals. Furthermore, the vasopressin gene tree indicates greater similarity in river dolphin sequences despite the independence of their lineages based on the species tree. Patterns of distribution and enrichment of Transcription Factors in the promoter regions of target genes were analyzed and appear to be phylogenetically conserved among sister species. We found accelerated evolution signs in genes ACE, AQP1, AQP5, AQP7, AVP, NPP4, and NPR1 for the fluvial mammals. Together, these results allow a greater understanding of the molecular bases of the evolution of genes responsible for osmotic control in aquatic mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ramos
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Selleghin-Veiga
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Letícia Magpali
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Daros
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Felipe Silva
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Agnello Picorelli
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Lucas Freitas
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil
| | - Mariana F Nery
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva., Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil.
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10
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Farooq S, Rana S, Siddiqui AJ, Iqbal A, Bhatti AA, Musharraf SG. Association of lipid metabolism-related metabolites with overweight/obesity based on the FTO rs1421085. Mol Omics 2023; 19:697-705. [PMID: 37540205 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, obesity is a severe health issue. A more precise and practical approach is required to enhance clinical care and drug development. The FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene variant rs1421085 is strongly associated with an increased susceptibility to obesity in numerous populations; however, the precise mechanism behind this association concerning metabolomics is still not understood. This study aims to examine the association between metabolites and obesity-related anthropometric traits based on the variant FTO rs1421085. This study was based on a case-control design involving a total of 542 participants including overweight/obese cases and healthy controls. The blood samples were collected from all the participants. The isolated serum samples were subjected to untargeted metabolomics using GC-MS. The isolated DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO rs1421085 variant. Initially, a total of 42 metabolites were identified on GC-MS, which were subjected to further association analyses. The study observed a significant association of two metabolites, glycerol and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl stearate with FTO gene variant rs1421085 and obesity-related anthropometric traits including % BF, WHtR, WC, and HC. The CT genotype of FTO rs1421085 may greatly increase the risk of overweight/obesity by changing the lipid metabolism-related metabolites. Therefore, this study highlights the significance of biochemical networks in the progression of obesity in carriers of the FTO rs1421085 risk genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Sobia Rana
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Department of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Sohail University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Adil Anwar Bhatti
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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11
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Trinchese G, Gena P, Cimmino F, Cavaliere G, Fogliano C, Garra S, Catapano A, Petrella L, Di Chio S, Avallone B, Calamita G, Mollica MP. Hepatocyte Aquaporins AQP8 and AQP9 Are Engaged in the Hepatic Lipid and Glucose Metabolism Modulating the Inflammatory and Redox State in Milk-Supplemented Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3651. [PMID: 37630841 PMCID: PMC10459073 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is an important source of nutrients and energy, but there are still many uncertainties regarding the health effects of milk and dairy products consumption. Milk from different species varies in physicochemical and nutritional properties. We previously showed that dietary supplements with different milks in rats trigger significant differences in metabolic and inflammatory states, modulating mitochondrial functions in metabolically active organs such as the liver and skeletal muscle. Here, we have deepened the effects of isoenergetic supplementation of milk (82 kJ) from cow (CM), donkey (DM) or human (HM) on hepatic metabolism to understand the interlink between mitochondrial metabolic flexibility, lipid storage and redox state and to highlight the possible role of two hepatocyte aquaporins (AQPs) of metabolic relevance, AQP8 and AQP9, in this crosstalk. Compared with rats with no milk supplementation, DM- and HM-fed rats had reduced hepatic lipid content with enhanced mitochondrial function and decreased oxidative stress. A marked reduction in AQP8, a hydrogen peroxide channel, was seen in the liver mitochondria of DM-fed rats compared with HM-fed, CM-fed and control animals. DM-fed or HM-fed rats also showed reduced hepatic inflammatory markers and less collagen and Kupffer cells. CM-fed rats showed higher hepatic fat content and increased AQP9 and glycerol permeability. A role of liver AQP8 and AQP9 is suggested in the different metabolic profiles resulting from milk supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Trinchese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Patrizia Gena
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Fabiano Cimmino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Chiara Fogliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Sabino Garra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Angela Catapano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Lidia Petrella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Silvia Di Chio
- Azienda Sociosanitaria Territoriale Fatebenefratelli (ASST FBF) SACCO, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Bice Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.T.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (A.C.); (L.P.); (B.A.); (M.P.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
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12
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Cheng Q, Zhang J, Ding H, Wang Z, Fang J, Fang X, Li M, Li R, Meng J, Liu H, Lu X, Xu Y, Chen C, Zhang W. Integrated multiomics analysis reveals changes in liver physiological function in Aqp9 gene knockout mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125459. [PMID: 37353119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin 9 (AQP9) is the main channel by which blood glycerol enters the liver, where it plays key roles in osmotic pressure regulation and energy metabolism. Previous studies have shown that AQP9 is involved in the pathogenesis of many liver diseases. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of AQP9 in maintaining the physiological environment of the liver using Aqp9-/- mice. We constructed Aqp9 knockout mice and used comprehensive multiomics analysis to elucidate the potential molecular effects of AQP9 expression on liver tissue. Knockout of Aqp9 reduced mouse body weight by affecting glycerol metabolism and led to hepatocyte death and inflammatory cell infiltration, which was confirmed by transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Moreover, knockout of Aqp9 triggered immune and inflammatory responses, leading to scattered and mild liver cell pyroptosis and compensatory liver cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quancheng Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Huiru Ding
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinyu Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jieyi Meng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huaicun Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yiyao Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Wang J, Dong Y, Shang D. Rectum adenocarcinoma metabolic subtypes analysis and a risk prognostic model construction based on fatty acid metabolism genes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33186. [PMID: 36930129 PMCID: PMC10019117 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism is an essential part of cancer research due to its role in cancer initiation and progression. However, its characteristics and prognostic value in rectum adenocarcinoma have not been systematically evaluated. We collected fatty acid metabolism gene expression profiles and clinical information from the cancer genome atlas and gene expression omnibus databases. After excluding individuals lacking clinical information and the presence of genetic mutations, we performed consistent clustering of the remaining patients and selected stable clustering results to group patients. Differentially expressed genes and gene set enrichment analysis were compared between subgroups, while metabolic signature identification and decoding the tumor microenvironment were performed. In addition, we explored the survival status of patients among different subgroups and identified signature genes affecting survival by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Finally, we selected signature genes to construct a risk prognostic model by multivariate Cox regression and evaluated model efficacy by univariate Cox regression and the receiver operating characteristic curve. By consensus clustering, patients were distinguished into 2 stable subpopulations, gene set enrichment analysis and metabolic signature identification effectively defined 2 completely different subtypes of fatty acid metabolism: fatty acid catabolic subtype and fatty acid anabolic subtype. Among them, patients with the fatty acid catabolic subtype had a poorer prognosis, with a significantly lower proportion of myeloid dendritic cells infiltration within the tumor microenvironment. Aquaporin 7 (hazard ratio, HR = 2.064 (1.4408-4.5038); P < .01), X inactive specific transcript (HR = (0.3758-0.7564), P = .045) and interleukin 4 induced 1 (HR = 1.34 (1.13-1.59); P = .034), were selected by multivariate Cox regression, which constructed a risk prognostic model. The independent hazard ratio of the model was 2.72 and the area under curve was higher than age, gender and tumor stage, showing better predictive efficacy. Our study revealed the heterogeneity of fatty acid metabolism in rectum adenocarcinoma, defined 2 completely distinct subtypes of fatty acid metabolism, and finally established a novel fatty acid metabolism-related risk prognostic model. The study contributes to the early risk assessment and monitoring of individual prognosis and provides data to support individualized patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Hernia and Colorectal Surgery, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Hernia and Colorectal Surgery, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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14
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Membrane Signaling Mechanisms Reduces the Invasiveness of U87-MG and U251-MG Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041027. [PMID: 36831372 PMCID: PMC9954756 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairing the motility of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells is a compelling goal for new approaches to manage this highly invasive and rapidly lethal human brain cancer. Work here characterized an array of pharmacological inhibitors of membrane ion and water channels, alone and in combination, as tools for restraining glioblastoma spread in human GBM cell lines U87-MG and U251-MG. Aquaporins, AMPA glutamate receptors, and ion channel classes (shown to be upregulated in human GBM at the transcript level and linked to mechanisms of motility in other cell types) were selected as pharmacological targets for analyses. Effective compounds reduced the transwell invasiveness of U87-MG and U251-MG glioblastoma cells by 20-80% as compared with controls, without cytotoxicity. The compounds and doses used were: AqB013 (14 μM); nifedipine (25 µM); amiloride (10 µM); apamin (10 µM); 4-aminopyridine (250 µM); and CNQX (6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; 30 µM). Invasiveness was quantified in vitro across transwell filter chambers layered with extracellular matrix. Co-application of each of the ion channel agents with the water channel inhibitor AqB013 augmented the inhibition of invasion (20 to 50% greater than either agent alone). The motility impairment achieved by co-application of pharmacological agents differed between the GBM proneural-like subtype U87-MG and classical-like subtype U251-MG, showing patterns consistent with relative levels of target channel expression (Human Protein Atlas database). In addition, two compounds, xanthurenic acid and caelestine C (from the Davis Open Access Natural Product-based Library, Griffith University QLD), were discovered to block invasion at micromolar doses in both GBM lines (IC50 values from 0.03 to 1 µM), without cytotoxicity, as measured by full mitochondrial activity under conditions matching those in transwell assays and by normal growth in spheroid assays. Mechanisms of action of these agents based on published work are likely to involve modulation of glutamatergic receptor signaling. Treating glioblastoma by the concurrent inhibition of multiple channel targets could be a powerful approach for slowing invasive cell spread without cytotoxic side effects, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of clinical interventions focused on eradicating primary tumors.
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15
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Aquaporins Display a Diversity in their Substrates. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:1-23. [PMID: 35986775 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins constitute a family of transmembrane proteins that function to transport water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. Aquaporins family members are found in diverse life forms. Aquaporins share the common structural fold consisting of six transmembrane alpha helices with a central water-transporting channel. Four such monomers assemble together to form tetramers as their biological unit. Initially, aquaporins were discovered as water-transporting channels, but several studies supported their involvement in mediating the facilitated diffusion of different solutes. The so-called water channel is able to transport a variety of substrates ranging from a neutral molecule to a charged molecule or a small molecule to a bulky molecule or even a gas molecule. This article gives an overview of a diverse range of substrates conducted by aquaporin family members. Prime focus is on human aquaporins where aquaporins show a wide tissue distribution and substrate specificity leading to various physiological functions. This review also highlights the structural mechanisms leading to the transport of water and glycerol. More research is needed to understand how one common fold enables the aquaporins to transport an array of solutes.
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16
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Aquaporins and Ion Channels as Dual Targets in the Design of Novel Glioblastoma Therapeutics to Limit Invasiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030849. [PMID: 36765806 PMCID: PMC9913334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) focus on eradicating primary tumors using radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical resection, but have limited success in controlling the invasive spread of glioma cells into a healthy brain, the major factor driving short survival times for patients post-diagnosis. Transcriptomic analyses of GBM biopsies reveal clusters of membrane signaling proteins that in combination serve as robust prognostic indicators, including aquaporins and ion channels, which are upregulated in GBM and implicated in enhanced glioblastoma motility. Accumulating evidence supports our proposal that the concurrent pharmacological targeting of selected subclasses of aquaporins and ion channels could impede glioblastoma invasiveness by impairing key cellular motility pathways. Optimal sets of channels to be selected as targets for combined therapies could be tailored to the GBM cancer subtype, taking advantage of differences in patterns of expression between channels that are characteristic of GBM subtypes, as well as distinguishing them from non-cancerous brain cells such as neurons and glia. Focusing agents on a unique channel fingerprint in GBM would further allow combined agents to be administered at near threshold doses, potentially reducing off-target toxicity. Adjunct therapies which confine GBM tumors to their primary sites during clinical treatments would offer profound advantages for treatment efficacy.
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17
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Ye Y, Ran J, Yang B, Mei Z. Aquaporins in Digestive System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:145-154. [PMID: 36717492 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we mainly discuss the expression and function of aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in digestive system. AQPs are highly conserved transmembrane protein responsible for water transport across cell membranes. AQPs in gastrointestinal tract include four members of aquaporin subfamily: AQP1, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP8, and three members of aquaglyceroporin subfamily: AQP3, AQP7, and AQP10. In the digestive glands, especially the liver, we discuss four members of aquaporin subfamily: AQP1, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP8, three members of aquaglyceroporin subfamily: AQP7, AQP9, and AQP12. In digestive system, the abnormal expression of AQPs is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. AQP1 is involved in saliva secretion and fat digestion and is closely related to gastric cancer and chronic liver disease; AQP3 is involved in the diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease; AQP4 regulates gastric acid secretion and is associated with the development of gastric cancer; AQP5 is relevant to gastric carcinoma cell proliferation and migration; AQP7 is the major aquaglyceroporin in pancreatic β cells; AQP8 plays a role in pancreatic juice secretion and may be a potential target for the treatment of diarrhea; AQP9 plays considerable role in glycerol metabolism and hepatocellular carcinoma; Studies on the function of AQP10 and AQP12 are still limited. Further studies are necessary for specific locations and functions of AQPs in digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Ran
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Costa IPD, Hautem N, Schiano G, Uchida S, Nishino T, Devuyst O. Fasting influences aquaporin expression, water transport and adipocyte metabolism in the peritoneal membrane. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:1408-1420. [PMID: 36520078 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The water channels AQP1 and AQP7 are abundantly expressed in the peritoneal membrane. While AQP1 facilitates water transport during peritoneal dialysis (PD), the role of AQP7, which mediates glycerol transport during fasting, remains unknown. METHODS We investigated the distribution of AQP7 and AQP1 and used a mouse model of PD to investigate the role of AQP7 in the peritoneal membrane at baseline and after fasting. Results. Single nucleus RNA-sequencing revealed that AQP7 was mostly detected in mature adipocytes, whereas AQP1 was essentially expressed in endothelial cells. Fasting induced significant decreases in whole body fat, plasma glucose, insulin, and triglycerides, as well as higher plasma glycerol and corticosterone levels in mice, paralleled by major decreases in adipocyte size and levels of fatty acid synthase and leptin, and increased levels of hormone sensitive lipase mRNAs in the peritoneum. Mechanistically, fasting upregulated the expression of AQP1 and AQP7 in the peritoneum, with increased ultrafiltration but no change in small solute transport. Studies based on Aqp1 and Aqp7 knockout mice and RU-486 inhibition demonstrated that the glucocorticoid induction of AQP1 mediates the increase in ultrafiltration whereas AQP7 regulates the size of adipocytes in the peritoneum. CONCLUSIONS Fasting induces a coordinated regulation of lipolytic and lipogenic factors and aqua(glycero)porins in the peritoneum, driving structural and functional changes. These data yield novel information on the specific roles of aquaporins in the peritoneal membrane and indicate that fasting improves fluid removal in a mouse model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gugliemo Schiano
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shinichi Uchida
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Dos-Santos RC, Ishioka G, Cognuck SQ, Mantovani M, Caliman IF, Elias LLK, Antunes-Rodrigues J. High-fat diet changes the behavioural and hormonal responses to water deprivation in male Wistar rats. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:1454-1466. [PMID: 36114682 DOI: 10.1113/ep090513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of an obesogenic diet on the control of hydromineral balance in rats? What is the main finding and its importance? The results showed that, when dehydrated, rats fed a high-fat diet drink less water than their control-diet-fed counterparts. Changes in aquaporin-7 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α expression in the white adipose tissue might be involved. ABSTRACT High-fat diet (HFD) increases fat accumulation, glycaemia and blood triglycerides and is used as a model to study obesity. Besides the metabolic changes, obesity likely affects water intake. We assessed the effects of HFD on behavioural and hormonal responses to water deprivation. Additionally, we measured if the adipose tissue is differentially affected by water deprivation in control and HFD-fed rats. HFD rats showed a decreased basal water intake when compared to control-fed rats. When subjected to 48 h of water deprivation, as expected, both control and HFD rats drank more water than the hydrated rats. However, the increase in water intake was lessened in HFD dehydrated rats. Similarly, the increase in haematocrit in dehydrated rats was less pronounced in HFD dehydrated rats. These results suggest that HFD diminishes drinking behaviour. White adipose tissue weight, glycaemia and plasma glycerol concentration were increased in HFD rats; however, after 48 h of water deprivation, these parameters were significantly decreased in dehydrated HFD rats, when compared to controls. The increase in adipose tissue caused by HFD may mitigate the effects of dehydration, possibly through the increased production of metabolic water caused by lipolysis in the adipocytes. Oxytocin possibly mediates the lipolytic response, since both its secretion and receptor expression are affected by dehydration in both control and HFD rats, which suggests that oxytocin signalling is maintained in these conditions. Changes in mediators of lipolysis, such as aquaporin-7 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, might contribute to the different effects observed in control and HFD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoni Conceição Dos-Santos
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ishioka
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Susana Quiros Cognuck
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene Mantovani
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Izabela Facco Caliman
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucila Leico Kagohara Elias
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Antunes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Clinical value and molecular mechanism of AQGPs in different tumors. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:174. [PMID: 35972604 PMCID: PMC9381609 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins (AQGPs), including AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, and AQP10, are transmembrane channels that allow small solutes across biological membranes, such as water, glycerol, H2O2, and so on. Increasing evidence suggests that they play critical roles in cancer. Overexpression or knockdown of AQGPs can promote or inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, and the expression levels of AQGPs are closely linked to the prognosis of cancer patients. Here, we provide a comprehensive and detailed review to discuss the expression patterns of AQGPs in different cancers as well as the relationship between the expression patterns and prognosis. Then, we elaborate the relevance between AQGPs and malignant behaviors in cancer as well as the latent upstream regulators and downstream targets or signaling pathways of AQGPs. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical value in cancer treatment. This review will provide us with new ideas and thoughts for subsequent cancer therapy specifically targeting AQGPs.
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Cheng Q, Zhang J, Fang J, Ding H, Xu Y, Lu X, Zhang W. Untargeted metabolomics reveals the role of AQP9 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a mice model. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:864-875. [PMID: 35961555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AQP9 plays an important role in energy metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, metabolomic analyses were used to determine the slight changes in metabolic profiles and helped to understand the disease progression, therapeutic intervention of NAFLD. A mouse model of NAFLD was established with a high-fat diet (HFD), and Aqp9 knockout mice were constructed. Untargeted metabolomics techniques were used to evaluate the potential mechanism of the effect of AQP9 in NAFLD. The results indicated that AQP9 plays a regulatory role in the occurrence of NAFLD. Moreover, a total of 220 candidate biomarkers were screened and identified. Cluster analysis and enrichment analysis of differential metabolites indicated that fatty acid biosynthesis was mainly disturbed when compared against the control group, which was mitigated by knockout of Aqp9. These results show that untargeted metabolomics help to understand the effects of AQP9 in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quancheng Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jinyu Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiru Ding
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiyao Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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22
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Gu X, Li S, Lu M, Li Y, Wang Q, Chen L, Jia Y, Cao S, Zhang T, Zhou M, Gou X. Investigation of Gynura segetum root extract (GSrE) induced hepatotoxicity based on metabolomic signatures and microbial community profiling in rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:947757. [PMID: 36016788 PMCID: PMC9396145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.947757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many reports focus on the hepatotoxicity of Gynura segetum root extract (GSrE), but the interaction between GSrE and the gut microbiota is still unclear. This study investigated the mechanism of GSrE-induced hepatotoxicity of different doses and exposure durations by combining metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis. SD rats were divided into 3 groups: blank, low-dose (7.5 g/kg), and high-dose (15 g/kg) groups. Urine and feces samples were collected on day 0, day 10, and day 21. Metabolomics based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was carried out to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was applied to investigate the composition of gut microbiota before and after GSrE-induced hepatotoxicity. Finally, a correlation analysis of metabolites and gut microbiota was performed. Differential metabolites in urine and feces involved amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, organic acids, and short chain fatty acids. Among them, L-valine, L-proline, DL-arabinose, pentanoic acid, D-allose, and D-glucose in urine and D-lactic acid and glycerol in fecal metabolites depended on the exposure of time and dose. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that GSrE-induced hepatotoxicity significantly altered the composition of gut microbiota, namely, f_Muribaculaceae_Unclassified, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, f_Ruminococcaceae_Unclassified, Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group, and Escherichia-Shigella. The correlation analysis between gut microbiota and differential metabolites showed the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and metabolism in host involving energy, lipid, and amino acid metabolisms. In summary, our findings revealed that peripheral metabolism and gut microbiota disorders were time- and dose-related and the correlation between gut microbiota and metabolites in GSrE-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengna Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experiment Center of Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqun Jia
- Experiment Center of Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Cao
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingmei Zhou
| | - Xiaojun Gou
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Xiaojun Gou
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Ahmad W. Glucose enrichment impair neurotransmission and induce Aβ oligomerization that cannot be reversed by manipulating O-β-GlcNAcylation in the C. elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109100. [PMID: 35779795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques formation and impaired neurotransmission and neuronal behaviors are primary hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that are further associated with impaired glucose metabolism in elderly AD's patients. However, the exact role of glucose metabolism on disease progression has not been elucidated yet. In this study, the effect of glucose on Aβ-mediated toxicity, neurotransmission and neuronal behaviors has been investigated using a C. elegans model system expressing human Aβ. In addition to regular diet, worms expressing Aβ were supplemented with different concentrations of glucose and glycerol and 5 mM 2-deoxyglucose to draw any conclusions. Addition of glucose to the growth medium delayed Aβ-associated paralysis, promoted abnormal body shapes and movement, unable to restore impaired acetylcholine neurotransmission, inhibited egg laying and hatching in pre-existing Aβ-mediated pathology. The harmful effects of glucose may associate with an increase in toxic Aβ oligomers and impaired neurotransmission. O-β-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc), a well-known post-translational modification is directly associated with glucose metabolism and has been found to ameliorates the Aβ- toxicity. We reasoned that glucose addition might induce O-GlcNAc, thereby protect against Aβ. Contrary to our expectations, induced glucose levels were not protective. Increasing O-GlcNAc, either with Thiamet-G (TMG) or by suppressing the O-GlcNAcase (oga-1) gene does interfere with and, therefore, reduce Aβ- toxicity but not in the presence of high glucose. The effects of glucose cannot be effectively managed by manipulating O-GlcNAc in AD models of C. elegans. Our observations suggest that glucose enrichment is unlikely to be an appropriate therapy to minimize AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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24
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Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Shin PKS, Xu J, Fan H, Zhuang P, Hu M, Wang Y. Seasonal Changes of Growth, Immune Parameters and Liver Function in Wild Chinese Sturgeons Under Indoor Conditions: Implication for Artificial Rearing. Front Physiol 2022; 13:894729. [PMID: 35514333 PMCID: PMC9062076 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.894729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonality has a significant effect on the physiology of fish, especially the effect of water temperature changes. In the present study, the growth, innate immune parameters and liver function indices of two rescued wild adult Chinese sturgeons under captive conditions were monitored for 1 year. The results showed that the total annual weight loss rate of the male was −4.58% and the total weight gain rate of the female was 24.12%, in which the weight of both individuals registered highly significant differences in summer, fall and winter (p < 0.01). The male Chinese sturgeon also exhibited negative specific growth rates (−0.1 to −0.8%) during spring to fall, whereas positive specific growth rates, ranging from 0.03 to 0.11%, were recorded in the female. Seasonality also affected the innate immune parameters of the two Chinese sturgeons, in which leukocytes had been increasing since spring and C-reactive protein (CRP) content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in summer than fall in both individuals. The CRP level of the male Chinese sturgeon showed a significant increase from fall to winter (p < 0.05), suggesting that it may have contracted infection or inflammation during this study period. With the analysis of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), transaminase (AST:ALT) ratio, alkaline phosphatase, albumin to globulin ratio and triglycerides, it was found that the liver function of the captive Chinese sturgeons was adversely affected along seasonal changes, with the highest degree of liver impairment in winter. In combining observations from growth performance and changes in innate immune and liver function parameters, the present findings deduced that the male Chinese sturgeon under study was more susceptible to seasonal changes than the female. For better indoor culture of adult Chinese sturgeons, monitoring of hematological parameters to detect early signs of inflammation and liver function abnormality should be conducted with routine veterinary care during prolonged captivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Zheng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences & College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences & College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Xie
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences & College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Paul K S Shin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianan Xu
- Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Houyong Fan
- Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea & Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fisheries Resources and Environment of East China Sea and Yangtze Estuary, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences & College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences & College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Zhang PQ, Tan PC, Gao YM, Zhang XJ, Xie Y, Zheng DN, Zhou SB, Li QF. The effect of glycerol as a cryoprotective agent in the cryopreservation of adipose tissue. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:152. [PMID: 35395949 PMCID: PMC8994386 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02817-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term preservation of adipose tissue is crucial for clinical applications. Researchers should consider both efficiency and biosafety when choosing a cryoprotective agent (CPA) for adipose tissue preservation. Glycerol has been applied as a nontoxic CPA for multiple tissues but not adipose tissue. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of glycerol as a CPA for adipose tissue cryopreservation. Methods Fresh human adipose tissues were obtained from patients who underwent liposuction and divided into 1 mL samples. Each sample was randomly mixed with 1 mL of CPA: 60–100% glycerol, 0.25 mol/L trehalose or DMSO + FBS and cryopreserved in − 196 °C liquid nitrogen for one month. After thawing and elution, the tissues were immediately evaluated for activity and structural integrity in vitro. Then, 0.2 mL of each sample was transplanted subdermally to the nude mouse dorsum and harvested after one month for histological examination to assess the effect of the cryopreserved fat in transplantation. Results After cryopreservation, the samples treated with DMSO + FBS, trehalose, 60% and 70% glycerol had a more integrated structure than the samples in other groups. Tissues preserved with 70% glycerol had the highest G3PDH activity of 24.41 ± 0.70, comparable to 24.76 ± 0.48 in fresh tissue (p > 0.05). Adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) viability, proliferation and differentiation capability were also better preserved in 70% glycerol group. In vivo analysis showed that tissue preserved with 70% glycerol had a retention rate of 52.37 ± 7.53%, significantly higher than other groups. Histological observation demonstrated better structural integrity and viability in 70% glycerol group. Compared to the DMSO + FBS and trehalose groups, the glycerol groups showed lower tissue inflammation. Conclusion Glycerol (70%) is efficient in adipose tissue cryopreservation. Glycerol-based CPAs, which are nontoxic and show biosafety, are a promising solution for clinical tissue cryopreservation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02817-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Poh-Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ming Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Ning Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing-Feng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Plaza A, Merino B, Ruiz-Gayo M. Cholecystokinin promotes functional expression of the aquaglycerol channel aquaporin 7 in adipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4092-4106. [PMID: 35366004 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cholecystokinin (CCK) promotes triglyceride storage and adiponectin production in white adipose tissue (WAT), suggesting that CCK modulates WAT homeostasis. Our goal was to investigate the role of CCK in regulating the expression and function of the aquaglycerol channel aquaporin 7 (AQP7), a protein that is pivotal for maintaining adipocyte homeostasis and preserving insulin responsiveness. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of the bioactive fragment of CCK, CCK-8, in regulating adipose AQP7 expression and glycerol efflux was assessed in rats as well as in pre-adipocytes. Moreover, the involvement of insulin receptors in the effects of CCK-8 was characterized in pre-adipocytes lacking insulin receptors. KEY RESULTS CCK-8 induced AQP7 gene expression in rat WAT, concomitantly increasing plasma glycerol concentration. In isolated pre-adipocytes, CCK-8 also enhanced both AQP7 expression and glycerol leakage. The effect of CCK-8 was independent of the lipolysis rate, as CCK-8 failed to promote fatty acid release by adipocytes. In addition, CCK-8 did not enhance hormone sensitive lipase phosphorylation, which is the rate-limiting step of lipolysis. Moreover, the effects of CCK-8 were dependent on the activation of protein kinase B and PPARγ. Silencing insulin receptor (IR) expression inhibited CCK-8-induced Aqp7 expression in pre-adipocytes. Furthermore, insulin enhanceded the effect of CCK-8. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS CCK regulates AQP7 expression and function, and this effect is dependent on insulin. Accordingly, CCK receptor agonists could be suitable for preserving and improving insulin responsiveness in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Plaza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad CEU - San Pablo. CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Bioactive Products and Metabolic Syndrome, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Merino
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad CEU - San Pablo. CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Ruiz-Gayo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad CEU - San Pablo. CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Zhang B, Lv D, Chen Y, Nie W, Jiao Y, Zhang J, Zhou X, Wu X, Chen S, Ma T. Aquaporin-9 facilitates liver regeneration following hepatectomy. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102246. [PMID: 35086002 PMCID: PMC8802049 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) is an aquaglyceroporin strongly expressed in the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes facing the sinusoids. AQP9 is permeable to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glycerol as well as to water. Here, we report impaired liver regeneration in AQP9−/− mice which involves altered steady-state H2O2 concentration and glucose metabolism in hepatocytes. AQP9−/− mice showed remarkably delayed liver regeneration and increased mortality following 70% or 90% partial hepatectomy. Compared to AQP9+/+ littermates, AQP9−/− mice showed significantly greater hepatic H2O2 concentration and more severe liver injury. Fluorescence measurements indicated impaired H2O2 transport across plasma membrane of primary cultured hepatocytes from AQP9−/− mice, supporting the hypothesis that AQP9 deficiency results in H2O2 accumulation and oxidative injury in regenerating liver because of reduced export of intracellular H2O2 from hepatocytes. The H2O2 overload in AQP9−/− hepatocytes reduced PI3K-Akt and insulin signaling, inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptosis, resulting in impaired proliferation and increased cell death. In addition, hepatocytes from AQP9−/− mice had low liver glycerol and high blood glycerol levels, suggesting decreased glycerol uptake and gluconeogenesis in AQP9−/− hepatocytes. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of hepatic expression of aquaglyceroporins AQP9 and AQP3 in AQP9−/− mice, but not water-selective channel AQP4, fully rescued the impaired liver regeneration phenotype as well as the oxidative injury and abnormal glucose metabolism. Our data revealed a pivotal role of AQP9 in liver regeneration by regulating hepatocyte H2O2 homeostasis and glucose metabolism, suggesting AQP9 as a novel target to enhance liver regeneration following injury, surgical resection or transplantation. AQP9 mediates H2O2 and glycerol transport across hepatocytes plasma membrane AQP9−/− mice exhibit retained liver regeneration and higher mortality after PH Elevated H2O2 and reduced glucose levels appear in AQP9−/− regenerating liver Replacement of aquaglyceroporin rescued impaired AQP9−/− mouse liver regeneration AQP9 may become a novel target to improve liver regeneration
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28
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Truelsen SF, Missel JW, Gotfryd K, Pedersen PA, Gourdon P, Lindorff-Larsen K, Hélix-Nielsen C. The role of water coordination in the pH-dependent gating of hAQP10. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183809. [PMID: 34699768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human aquaporin 10 (hAQP10) is an aquaglyceroporin that assists in maintaining glycerol flux in adipocytes during lipolysis at low pH. Hence, a molecular understanding of the pH-sensitive glycerol conductance may open up for drug development in obesity and metabolically related disorders. Control of hAQP10-mediated glycerol flux has been linked to the cytoplasmic end of the channel, where a unique loop is regulated by the protonation status of histidine 80 (H80). Here, we performed unbiased molecular dynamics simulations of three protonation states of H80 to unravel channel gating. Strikingly, at neutral pH, we identified a water coordination pattern with an inverted orientation of the water molecules in vicinity of the loop. Protonation of H80 results in a more hydrophobic loop conformation, causing loss of water coordination and leaving the pore often dehydrated. Our results indicate that the loss of such water interaction network may be integral for the destabilization of the loop in the closed configuration at low pH. Additionally, a residue unique to hAQP10 (F85) reveals structural importance by flipping into the channel in correlation with loop movements, indicating a loop-stabilizing role in the closed configuration. Taken together, our simulations suggest a unique gating mechanism combining complex interaction networks between water molecules and protein residues at the loop interface. Considering the role of hAQP10 in adipocytes, the detailed molecular insights of pH-regulation presented here will help to understand glycerol pathways in these cells and may assist in drug discovery for better management of human adiposity and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigurd Friis Truelsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet Building 115, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Julie Winkel Missel
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kamil Gotfryd
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Per Amstrup Pedersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - Pontus Gourdon
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Sölvegatan 19, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden; Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory & Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Claus Hélix-Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet Building 115, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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29
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
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30
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Charlestin V, Fulkerson D, Arias Matus CE, Walker ZT, Carthy K, Littlepage LE. Aquaporins: New players in breast cancer progression and treatment response. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988119. [PMID: 36212456 PMCID: PMC9532844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small transmembrane proteins that selectively transport water and other small molecules and ions following an osmotic gradient across cell plasma membranes. This enables them to regulate numerous functions including water homeostasis, fat metabolism, proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Previous structural and functional studies highlight a strong biological relationship between AQP protein expression, localization, and key biological functions in normal and cancer tissues, where aberrant AQP expression correlates with tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the roles of AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP7 in breast cancer progression and metastasis, including the role of AQPs in the tumor microenvironment, to highlight potential contributions of stromal-derived to epithelial-derived AQPs to breast cancer. Emerging evidence identifies AQPs as predictors of response to cancer therapy and as targets for increasing their sensitivity to treatment. However, these studies have not evaluated the requirements for protein structure on AQP function within the context of breast cancer. We also examine how AQPs contribute to a patient's response to cancer treatment, existing AQP inhibitors and how AQPs could serve as novel predictive biomarkers of therapy response in breast cancer. Future studies also should evaluate AQP redundancy and compensation as mechanisms used to overcome aberrant AQP function. This review highlights the need for additional research into how AQPs contribute molecularly to therapeutic resistance and by altering the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verodia Charlestin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Daniel Fulkerson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Carlos E Arias Matus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States.,Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Pue, Mexico
| | - Zachary T Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Kevin Carthy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Laurie E Littlepage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
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31
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Jing J, Sun J, Wu Y, Zhang N, Liu C, Chen S, Li W, Hong C, Xu B, Chen M. AQP9 Is a Prognostic Factor for Kidney Cancer and a Promising Indicator for M2 TAM Polarization and CD8+ T-Cell Recruitment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:770565. [PMID: 34804972 PMCID: PMC8602816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.770565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is undeniable that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an indispensable role in the progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). However, the precise mechanism of activities in TME is still unclear. Methods and Results Using the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE calculation methods, the scores of the two main fractions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database of 537 KIRC patients were calculated. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were drawn out by performing an overlap between Cox regression analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Aquaporin 9 (AQP9) was identified as a latent predictor through the process. Following research revealed that AQP9 expression was positively correlated with the pathological characteristics (TNM stage) and negatively connected with survival time. Then, by performing gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), it can be inferred that genes with high expression level of AQP9 were mainly enriched in immune-related activities, while low AQP9 group was associated with functions of cellular metabolism. Further studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs), macrophages M2, macrophages M0, CD4+ T cells, and neutrophils were positively correlated with AQP9 expression. While the levels of mast cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and CD8+ T cells are negatively correlated with AQP9. The result of multiple immunohistochemistry (mIHC) suggests a negative relevance between AQP9 and CD8+ T cells and reveals a trend of consistent change on AQP9 and M2 macrophages. Conclusion The expression level of AQP9 may be helpful in predicting the prognosis of patients with KIRC, especially to the TME state transition, the mechanism of which is possibly through lipid metabolism and P53, Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways that affect M2 polarization. AQP9 was associated with the expression levels of M2, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and the recruitment of CD8+ T cells in tumor environment. The research result indicates that AQP9 may be an obstacle to maintain the immune activity of TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Jing
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Xuyi County, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nieke Zhang
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Saisai Chen
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenchao Li
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Hong
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Urology, Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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32
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Aquaporin 9 Represents a Novel Target of Chronic Liver Injury That May Antagonize Its Progression by Reducing Lipotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5653700. [PMID: 34659635 PMCID: PMC8517626 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5653700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, chronic liver injury has become a common disease that harms human health. Its clinical manifestations are hepatic steatosis and secondary chronic steatohepatitis, which can quickly transform into liver fibrosis and cirrhosis if not treated in time. Therefore, this study is aimed at searching for new therapeutic targets of chronic liver injury and clarifying the molecular mechanisms of the new targets involved in chronic liver injury. After aquaporin 9 was identified as a target by proteomics, Aqp9-/- mice were constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Biochemical and morphological tests were used to verify the effect of Aqp9 knockout on early chronic liver injury. Proteomics, molecular biology, and morphology experiments were used to screen and verify the effects of Aqp9 knockout on its downstream pathway. Through the above experiments, we demonstrated that aquaporin 9 could be used as an intervention target for antagonizing the development of early chronic liver injury and its gene knockout affected downstream inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis by alleviating hepatic lipotoxicity.
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33
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How to Improve the Biocompatibility of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions (without Jeopardizing the Patient's Health). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157955. [PMID: 34360717 PMCID: PMC8347640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important, if underprescribed, modality for the treatment of patients with end-stage kidney disease. Among the barriers to its wider use are the deleterious effects of currently commercially available glucose-based PD solutions on the morphological integrity and function of the peritoneal membrane due to fibrosis. This is primarily driven by hyperglycaemia due to its effects, through multiple cytokine and transcription factor signalling-and their metabolic sequelae-on the synthesis of collagen and other extracellular membrane components. In this review, we outline these interactions and explore how novel PD solution formulations are aimed at utilizing this knowledge to minimise the complications associated with fibrosis, while maintaining adequate rates of ultrafiltration across the peritoneal membrane and preservation of patient urinary volumes. We discuss the development of a new generation of reduced-glucose PD solutions that employ a variety of osmotically active constituents and highlight the biochemical rationale underlying optimization of oxidative metabolism within the peritoneal membrane. They are aimed at achieving optimal clinical outcomes and improving the whole-body metabolic profile of patients, particularly those who are glucose-intolerant, insulin-resistant, or diabetic, and for whom daily exposure to high doses of glucose is contraindicated.
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34
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Galli M, Hameed A, Żbikowski A, Zabielski P. Aquaporins in insulin resistance and diabetes: More than channels! Redox Biol 2021; 44:102027. [PMID: 34090243 PMCID: PMC8182305 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are part of the family of the integral membrane proteins. Their function is dedicated to the transport of water, glycerol, ammonia, urea, H2O2, and other small molecules across the biological membranes. Although for many years they were scarcely considered, AQPs have a relevant role in the development of many diseases. Recent discoveries suggest, that AQPs may play an important role in the process of fat accumulation and regulation of oxidative stress, two crucial aspects of insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance (IR) and T2D are multi-faceted systemic diseases with multiple connections to obesity and other comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. Both IR and T2D transcends different tissues and organs, creating the maze of mutual relationships between adipose fat depots, skeletal muscle, liver and other insulin-sensitive organs. AQPs with their heterogenous properties, distinctive tissue distribution and documented involvement in both the lipid metabolism and regulation of the oxidative stress appear to be feasible candidates in the search for the explanation to this third-millennium plague. A lot of research has been assigned to adipose tissue AQP7 and liver tissue AQP9, clarifying their relationship and coordinated work in the induction of hepatic insulin resistance. Novel research points also to other aquaporins, such as AQP11 which may be associated with the induction of insulin resistance and T2D through its involvement in hydrogen peroxide transport. In this review we collected recent discoveries in the field of AQP's involvement in the insulin resistance and T2D. Novel paths which connect AQPs with metabolic disorders can give new fuel to the research on obesity, insulin resistance and T2D - one of the most worrying problems of the modern society. Presentation of the current knowledge on the involvement of aquaporins in disease state. Overview on latest research regarding insulin resistance and AQPs. Conceptualisation of an AQPs network involved regulation of lipid-related metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Galli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ahsan Hameed
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Żbikowski
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Piotr Zabielski
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
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35
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Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Soveral G. Recent Update on the Molecular Mechanisms of Gonadal Steroids Action in Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5226. [PMID: 34069293 PMCID: PMC8157194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gonadal steroids, including androgens, estrogens and progestogens, are involved in the control of body fat distribution in humans. Nevertheless, not only the size and localization of the fat depots depend on the sex steroids levels, but they can also highly affect the functioning of adipose tissue. Namely, the gonadocorticoids can directly influence insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, fatty acid uptake and adipokine production. They may also alter energy balance and glucose homeostasis in adipocytes in an indirect way, e.g., by changing the expression level of aquaglyceroporins. This work presents the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanism of how the gonadal steroids influence the functioning of adipose tissue leading to a set of detrimental metabolic consequences. Special attention is given here to highlighting the sexual dimorphism of adipocyte functioning in terms of health and disease. Particularly, we discuss the molecular background of metabolic disturbances occurring in consequence of hormonal imbalance which is characteristic of some common endocrinopathies such as the polycystic ovary syndrome. From this perspective, we highlight the potential drug targets and the active substances which can be used in personalized sex-specific management of metabolic diseases, in accord with the patient's hormonal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Graça Soveral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
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36
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Tardelli M, Stulnig TM. Aquaporin regulation in metabolic organs. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 112:71-93. [PMID: 32061350 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of 13 small trans-membrane proteins, which facilitate shuttling of glycerol, water and urea. The peculiar role of AQPs in glycerol transport makes them attractive targets in metabolic organs since glycerol represents the backbone of triglyceride synthesis. Importantly, AQPs are known to be regulated by various nuclear receptors which in turn govern lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammatory cascades. Here, we review the role of AQPs regulation in metabolic organs exploring their physiological impact in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tardelli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Cornell Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Stulnig
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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37
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Involvement of aquaglyceroporins in energy metabolism in health and disease. Biochimie 2021; 188:20-34. [PMID: 33689852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins are a group of the aquaporin (AQP) family of transmembrane water channels. While AQPs facilitate the passage of water, small solutes, and gases across biological membranes, aquaglyceroporins allow passage of water, glycerol, urea and some other solutes. Thanks to their glycerol permeability, aquaglyceroporins are involved in energy homeostasis. This review provides an overview of what is currently known concerning the functional implication and control of aquaglyceroporins in tissues involved in energy metabolism, i.e. liver, adipose tissue and endocrine pancreas. The expression, role and (dys)regulation of aquaglyceroporins in disorders affecting energy metabolism, and the potential relevance of aquaglyceroporins as drug targets to treat the alterations of the energy balance is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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38
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Panserat S, Plagnes-Juan E, Gazzola E, Palma M, Magnoni LJ, Marandel L, Viegas I. Hepatic Glycerol Metabolism-Related Genes in Carnivorous Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss): Insights Into Molecular Characteristics, Ontogenesis, and Nutritional Regulation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:882. [PMID: 32848841 PMCID: PMC7413064 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerol metabolism in rainbow trout is poorly studied even though it is at the interface between lipid and glucose metabolism. Moreover, glycerol can be an important ingredient in new aquafeed formulation to decrease the catabolism of dietary amino acids. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize for the first time the different genes coding for key enzymes and proteins involved in hepatic glycerol metabolism. From the trout genomes, all the paralogous genes coding for glycerol transport (aqp9b), glycerol kinase (gk2a and gk5), glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (pgp), and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd1a, gpd1b, and gpd1c) were identified. The ontogenesis determined that the capacity to metabolize glycerol begins with the apparition of the liver during the development (stage 22) and are more expressed at the endogenous–exogenous feeding period (stage 35). The postprandial regulation of the expression of these genes in juvenile trout showed that the postprandial peak of expression is between 4 and 24 h after the last meal for many of the genes, demonstrating that glycerol metabolism could be nutritionally regulated at a molecular level. However, surprisingly, no regulation of the mRNA abundance for the glycerol metabolism-related genes by different levels of dietary glycerol (0, 2.5, and 5%) have been detected, showing that hepatic glycerol metabolism is poorly regulated at a molecular level by dietary glycerol in rainbow trout juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Panserat
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, NuMéA, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Elisabeth Plagnes-Juan
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, NuMéA, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Elsa Gazzola
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, NuMéA, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Mariana Palma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonardo J Magnoni
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Lucie Marandel
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, NuMéA, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Ivan Viegas
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Moss FJ, Mahinthichaichan P, Lodowski DT, Kowatz T, Tajkhorshid E, Engel A, Boron WF, Vahedi-Faridi A. Aquaporin-7: A Dynamic Aquaglyceroporin With Greater Water and Glycerol Permeability Than Its Bacterial Homolog GlpF. Front Physiol 2020; 11:728. [PMID: 32695023 PMCID: PMC7339978 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenopus oocytes expressing human aquaporin-7 (AQP7) exhibit greater osmotic water permeability and 3H-glycerol uptake vs. those expressing the bacterial glycerol facilitator GlpF. AQP7-expressing oocytes exposed to increasing extracellular [glycerol] under isosmolal conditions exhibit increasing swelling rates, whereas GlpF-expressing oocytes do not swell at all. To provide a structural basis for these observed physiological differences, we performed X-ray crystallographic structure determination of AQP7 and molecular-dynamics simulations on AQP7 and GlpF. The structure reveals AQP7 tetramers containing two monomers with 3 glycerols, and two monomers with 2 glycerols in the pore. In contrast to GlpF, no glycerol is bound at the AQP7 selectivity filter (SF), comprising residues F74, G222, Y223, and R229. The AQP7 SF is resolved in its closed state because F74 blocks the passage of small solutes. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that F74 undergoes large and rapid conformational changes, allowing glycerol molecules to permeate without orientational restriction. The more rigid GlpF imposes orientational constraints on glycerol molecules passing through the SF. Moreover, GlpF-W48 (analogous to AQP7-F74) undergoes rare but long-lasting conformational changes that block the pore to H2O and glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser J. Moss
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Paween Mahinthichaichan
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - David T. Lodowski
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas Kowatz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Andreas Engel
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Walter F. Boron
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ardeschir Vahedi-Faridi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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40
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Wang X, Yang J, Yao Y, Shi X, Yang G, Li X. AQP3 Facilitates Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of Porcine Intramuscular Adipocytes. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040453. [PMID: 32331274 PMCID: PMC7230797 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The meat quality of animal products is closely related to the intramuscular fat content. Aquaglyceroporin (AQP) defines a class of water/glycerol channels that primarily facilitate the passive transport of glycerol and water across biological membranes. In this study, the AQP3 protein of the AQP family was mainly studied in the adipogenic function of intramuscular adipocytes in pigs. Here, we found that AQP3 was increased at both mRNA and protein levels upon adipogenic stimuli in porcine intramuscular adipocytes in vitro. Western blot results showed knockdown of AQP3 by siRNA significantly suppressed the expression of adipogenic genes (PPARγ, aP2, etc.), repressed Akt phosphorylation, as well as reducing lipid accumulation. Furthermore, deletion of AQP3 by siRNA significantly downregulated expression of cell cycle genes (cyclin D, E), and decreased the number of EdU-positive cells as well as cell viability. Collectively, our data indicate that AQP3 is of great importance in both adipogenic differentiation and proliferation in intramuscular adipocytes, providing a potential target for modulating fat infiltration in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiao Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-870-81531
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41
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Associations between Aquaglyceroporin Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Stroke among Patients with Hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9358290. [PMID: 32309443 PMCID: PMC7136773 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9358290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Dysregulations of AQP7 and AQP9 were found to be related to lipid metabolism abnormality, which had been proven to be one of the mechanisms of stroke. However, limited epidemiological studies explore the associations between AQP7 and AQP9 and the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension in China. Aims We aimed to investigate the associations between genetic variants in AQP7 and AQP9 and the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension, as well as to explore gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Methods Baseline blood samples were drawn from 211 cases with stroke and 633 matched controls. Genomic DNA was extracted by a commercially available kit. Genotyping of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AQP7 (rs2989924, rs3758269, and rs2542743) and AQP9 (rs57139208, rs16939881) was performed by the polymerase chain reaction assay with TaqMan probes. Results Participants with the rs2989924 GG genotype were found to be with a 1.74-fold increased risk of stroke compared to those with the AA+AG genotype, and this association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders (odds ratio (OR): 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-2.46). The SNP rs3758269 CC+TT genotype was found to be with a 33% decreased risk of stroke after multivariate adjustment (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45-0.99) compared to the rs3758269 CC genotype. The significantly increased risk of stroke was prominent among males, patients aged 60 or above, and participants who were overweight and with a harbored genetic variant in SNP rs2989924. After adjusting potential confounders, the SNP rs3758269 CT+TT genotype was found to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of stroke compared to the CC genotype among participants younger than 60 years old or overweight. No statistically significant associations were observed between genotypes of rs2542743, rs57139208, or rs16939881 with the risk of stroke. Neither interactions nor linkage disequilibrium had been observed in this study. Conclusions This study suggests that SNPs rs2989924 and rs3758269 are associated with the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension, while there were no statistically significant associations between rs2542743, rs57139208, and rs16939881 and the risk of stroke being observed.
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Liao S, Chen H, Liu M, Gan L, Li C, Zhang W, Lv L, Mei Z. Aquaporin 9 inhibits growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1527-1544. [PMID: 31969493 PMCID: PMC7053619 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer worldwide, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Aquaporin 9 (AQP9) is an essential aquaporin in the liver and located in the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes, but its roles on HCC has not been completely elucidated. This study investigated the regulatory functions of AQP9 in the pathogenesis of HCC. The expression levels of AQP9 were significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and cells, which was also correlated with tumor size and number, TNM stage, five-year survival rate, lymphatic and distal metastasis within the patients. Furthermore, overexpressed AQP9 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. The levels of PCNA, E-cad, N-cad, α-SMA, DVL2, GSK-3β, cyclinD1 and β-catenin in HCC cells were reduced by overexpressed AQP9, while cell apoptosis was remarkably enhanced. Additionally, following the treatment with Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor (XAV939), the proliferative activity of HCC cells was significantly inhibited; PCNA and EMT-related markers were down-regulated; migration and invasion of cells were notably suppressed; cell apoptotic rate was decreased. Vice versa, after the cells were treated with Wnt/β-catenin inducer (SKL2001), the effects caused by overexpressed AQP9 were abrogated. In vivo studies indicated that tumor volume and weight were remarkably decreased in AQP9 overexpression group, where the levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling- and EMT-associated molecules were also reduced. Taken together, our results suggested that overexpressed AQP9 could inhibit growth and metastasis of HCC cells via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. AQP9 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Li Gan
- Teaching and Research Section of Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chuanfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Wenguang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Banan People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 401320, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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Liao S, Gan L, Lv L, Mei Z. The regulatory roles of aquaporins in the digestive system. Genes Dis 2020; 8:250-258. [PMID: 33997172 PMCID: PMC8093583 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are highly conserved small transmembrane proteins, which are responsible for the water transport across the cell membrane. AQPs are abundantly expressed in numerous types of cells such as epithelial and endothelial cells. The expression of AQP-1, -3, -4, -5, -8 and -9 were found in the digestive system, where these six AQP isoforms serve essential roles including mediating the transmembrane water transport and regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, consequently facilitating the digestion and absorption of GI contents. In addition, the expression levels of AQPs are controlled by various factors, and AQPs can stimulate numerous signaling pathways; however, aberrant expression of AQPs in the GI tracts are associated with the initiation and development of numerous diseases. Thus, this review provides an overview of the expression and functions of AQPs in the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Li Gan
- Teaching and Research Section of Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
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Garbinski LD, Rosen BP, Chen J. Pathways of arsenic uptake and efflux. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 126:585-597. [PMID: 30852446 PMCID: PMC6472914 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a non-essential, environmentally ubiquitous toxic metalloid. In response to this pervasive environmental challenge, organisms evolved mechanisms to confer resistance to arsenicals. Inorganic pentavalent arsenate is taken into most cells adventitiously by phosphate uptake systems. Similarly, inorganic trivalent arsenite is taken into most cells adventitiously, primarily via aquaglyceroporins or sugar permeases. The most common strategy for tolerance to both inorganic and organic arsenicals is by efflux that extrude them from the cytosol. These efflux transporters span across kingdoms and belong to various families such as aquaglyceroporins, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and potentially novel, yet to be discovered families. This review will outline the properties and substrates of known arsenic transport systems, the current knowledge gaps in the field, and aims to provide insight into the importance of arsenic transport in the context of the global arsenic biogeocycle and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Garbinski
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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Yu WG, He Y, Chen YF, Gao XY, Ning WE, Liu CY, Tang TF, Liu Q, Huang XC. Fumigaclavine C attenuates adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:161-169. [PMID: 31080347 PMCID: PMC6488706 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Fumigaclavine C (FC), an active indole alkaloid, is obtained from endophytic Aspergillus terreus (strain No. FC118) by the root of Rhizophora stylosa (Rhizophoraceae). This study is designed to evaluate whether FC has anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and whether it ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. FC notably increased the levels of glycerol in the culture supernatants and markedly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FC differentially inhibited the expressions of adipogenesis-related genes, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor proteins, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. FC markedly reduced the expressions of lipid synthesis-related genes, such as the fatty acid binding protein, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid synthase. Furthermore, FC significantly increased the expressions of lipolysis-related genes, such as the hormone-sensitive lipase, Aquaporin-7, and adipose triglyceride lipase. In HFD-induced obese mice, intraperitoneal injections of FC decreased both the body weight and visceral adipose tissue weight. FC administration significantly reduced lipid accumulation. Moreover, FC could dose-dependently and differentially regulate the expressions of lipid metabolism-related transcription factors. All these data indicated that FC exhibited anti-obesity effects through modulating adipogenesis and lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Guo Yu
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yun He
- Gastroenterology Department, Liuzhou General Hospital, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Yun-Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yao Gao
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Wan-E Ning
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Chun-You Liu
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting-Fan Tang
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Processing of Sugar Resources of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, China
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Low temperature-induced variation in plasma biochemical indices and aquaglyceroporin gene expression in the large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2717. [PMID: 30804360 PMCID: PMC6389880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low temperature influences multiple physiological processes in fish. To explore the adaptability of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to low temperature, the concentrations of glycerol, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and triglycerides (TG) in plasma, as well as the expression levels of metabolism-related genes aqp7 and aqp10, were measured after exposure to low temperature stress and during subsequent rewarming. In addition, tissue samples from the intestine and liver were histologically analyzed. We found that the concentrations of plasma glycerol, BUN, and TG, decreased under low temperature stress, suggesting the metabolism of fat and protein slowed at low temperature. The expression levels of aqp7 and aqp10 mRNA were also downregulated under exposure to low temperature. Interestingly, above plasma indices and gene expression returned to basic levels within 24 h after rewarming. Furthermore, the liver and the intestine were damaged under continuous low temperature stress, whereas they were repaired upon rewarming. From the above results, we concluded that aqp7 and aqp10 genes were sensitive to low temperature, and that the decrease in their expression levels at low temperature might reduce energy consumption by L. crocea. However, the adaptation to low temperature was limited because the key metabolic tissues were damaged under continuous exposure to low temperature. Interestingly, the metabolism of L. crocea was basically back to normal within 24 h of rewarming, showing that it has high capacity of self-recovery.
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Brewer PD, Romenskaia I, Mastick CC. A high-throughput chemical-genetics screen in murine adipocytes identifies insulin-regulatory pathways. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:4103-4118. [PMID: 30591588 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathways linking activation of the insulin receptor to downstream targets of insulin have traditionally been studied using a candidate gene approach. To elucidate additional pathways regulating insulin activity, we performed a forward chemical-genetics screen based on translocation of a glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) reporter expressed in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To identify compounds with known targets, we screened drug-repurposing and natural product libraries. We identified, confirmed, and validated 64 activators and 65 inhibitors that acutely increase or rapidly decrease cell-surface Glut4 in adipocytes stimulated with submaximal insulin concentrations. These agents were grouped by target, chemical class, and mechanism of action. All groups contained multiple hits from a single drug class, and several comprised multiple structurally unrelated hits for a single target. Targets include the β-adrenergic and adenosine receptors. Agonists of these receptors increased and inverse agonists/antagonists decreased cell-surface Glut4 independently of insulin. Additional activators include insulin sensitizers (thiazolidinediones), insulin mimetics, dis-inhibitors (the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin), cardiotonic steroids (the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain), and corticosteroids (dexamethasone). Inhibitors include heterocyclic amines (tricyclic antidepressants) and 21 natural product supplements and herbal extracts. Mechanisms of action include effects on Glut4 trafficking, signal transduction, inhibition of protein synthesis, and dissipation of proton gradients. Two pathways that acutely regulate Glut4 translocation were discovered: de novo protein synthesis and endocytic acidification. The mechanism of action of additional classes of activators (tanshinones, dalbergiones, and coumarins) and inhibitors (flavonoids and resveratrol) remains to be determined. These tools are among the most sensitive, responsive, and reproducible insulin-activity assays described to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Duffield Brewer
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Irina Romenskaia
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Cynthia Corley Mastick
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
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Associations between Aquaglyceroporin Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8167538. [PMID: 30598999 PMCID: PMC6288565 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8167538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives AQP7 and AQP9 represent glycerol channel in adipose tissue and liver and have been associated with metabolic diseases. We aimed to investigate the associations between genetic variants in AQP7 and AQP9 genes and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Chinese population. Methods Blood samples were drawn from 400 T2DM patients and 400 age- and gender-matched controls. Genomic DNA was extracted by proteinase K digestion and phenol–chloroform extraction. Genotyping of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AQP7 (rs2989924, rs3758269, and rs62542743) and AQP9 (rs57139208, rs16939881) was performed by the polymerase chain reaction assay with TaqMan probes. Results The subjects with rs2989924 GA+AA genotypes had 1.47-fold increased risk of T2DM (odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-2.04), compared to those with GG genotype, and this association remained significant after adjustment for covariates (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.07-2.57). When compared with rs3758269 CC genotype, the subjects with CT+TT genotypes had 45% decreased T2DM risk after multivariate adjustment (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.85). The associations were evident in elder and overweight subjects and those with central obesity. No association was observed between AQP9 SNPs and T2DM risk. Conclusions AQP7 SNP rs2989924 and rs3758269 were associated with T2DM risk in Chinese Han population.
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Gotfryd K, Mósca AF, Missel JW, Truelsen SF, Wang K, Spulber M, Krabbe S, Hélix-Nielsen C, Laforenza U, Soveral G, Pedersen PA, Gourdon P. Human adipose glycerol flux is regulated by a pH gate in AQP10. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4749. [PMID: 30420639 PMCID: PMC6232157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major threat to global health and metabolically associated with glycerol homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that in human adipocytes, the decreased pH observed during lipolysis (fat burning) correlates with increased glycerol release and stimulation of aquaglyceroporin AQP10. The crystal structure of human AQP10 determined at 2.3 Å resolution unveils the molecular basis for pH modulation-an exceptionally wide selectivity (ar/R) filter and a unique cytoplasmic gate. Structural and functional (in vitro and in vivo) analyses disclose a glycerol-specific pH-dependence and pinpoint pore-lining His80 as the pH-sensor. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate how gate opening is achieved. These findings unravel a unique type of aquaporin regulation important for controlling body fat mass. Thus, targeting the cytoplasmic gate to induce constitutive glycerol secretion may offer an attractive option for treating obesity and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Gotfryd
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Andreia Filipa Mósca
- Universidade de Lisboa, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Julie Winkel Missel
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sigurd Friis Truelsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet Building 115, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kaituo Wang
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | - Simon Krabbe
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark
| | - Claus Hélix-Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet Building 115, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.,Aquaporin A/S, Nymøllevej 78, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- University of Pavia, Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, Via Forlanini 6, I-27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Graça Soveral
- Universidade de Lisboa, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Per Amstrup Pedersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100, Copenhagen OE, Denmark.
| | - Pontus Gourdon
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nørre Allé 14, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark. .,Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Sölvegatan 19, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden.
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Calamita G, Perret J, Delporte C. Aquaglyceroporins: Drug Targets for Metabolic Diseases? Front Physiol 2018; 9:851. [PMID: 30042691 PMCID: PMC6048697 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane channel proteins facilitating the transport of water, small solutes, and gasses across biological membranes. AQPs are expressed in all tissues and ensure multiple roles under normal and pathophysiological conditions. Aquaglyceroporins are a subfamily of AQPs permeable to glycerol in addition to water and participate thereby to energy metabolism. This review focalizes on the present knowledge of the expression, regulation and physiological roles of AQPs in adipose tissue, liver and endocrine pancreas, that are involved in energy metabolism. In addition, the review aims at summarizing the involvement of AQPs in metabolic disorders, such as obesity, diabetes and liver diseases. Finally, challenges and recent advances related to pharmacological modulation of AQPs expression and function to control and treat metabolic diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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