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Baumel-Alterzon S, Katz LS, Lambertini L, Tse I, Heidery F, Garcia-Ocaña A, Scott DK. NRF2 is required for neonatal mouse beta cell growth by maintaining redox balance and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Diabetologia 2024; 67:547-560. [PMID: 38206362 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS All forms of diabetes result from insufficient functional beta cell mass. Due to the relatively limited expression of several antioxidant enzymes, beta cells are highly vulnerable to pathological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to the reduction of functional beta cell mass. During early postnatal ages, both human and rodent beta cells go through a burst of proliferation that quickly declines with age. The exact mechanisms that account for neonatal beta cell proliferation are understudied but mitochondrial release of moderated ROS levels has been suggested as one of the main drivers. We previously showed that, apart from its conventional role in protecting beta cells from oxidative stress, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is also essential for beta cell proliferation. We therefore hypothesised that NRF2, which is activated by ROS, plays an essential role in beta cell proliferation at early postnatal ages. METHODS Beta cell NRF2 levels and beta cell proliferation were measured in pancreatic sections from non-diabetic human cadaveric donors at different postnatal ages, childhood and adulthood. Pancreatic sections from 1-, 7-, 14- and 28-day-old beta cell-specific Nrf2 (also known as Nfe2l2)-knockout mice (βNrf2KO) or control (Nrf2lox/lox) mice were assessed for beta cell NRF2 levels, beta cell proliferation, beta cell oxidative stress, beta cell death, nuclear beta cell pancreatic duodenal homeobox protein 1 (PDX1) levels and beta cell mass. Seven-day-old βNrf2KO and Nrf2lox/lox mice were injected daily with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or saline (154 mmol/l NaCl) to explore the potential contribution of oxidative stress to the phenotypes seen in βNrf2KO mice at early postnatal ages. RNA-seq was performed on 7-day-old βNrf2KO and Nrf2lox/lox mice to investigate the mechanisms by which NRF2 stimulates beta cell proliferation at early postnatal ages. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function were determined using dispersed islets from 7-day-old βNrf2KO and Nrf2lox/lox mice by measuring MitoTracker intensity, mtDNA/gDNA ratio and ATP/ADP ratio. To study the effect of neonatal beta cell-specific Nrf2 deletion on glucose homeostasis in adulthood, blood glucose, plasma insulin and insulin secretion were determined and a GTT was performed on 3-month-old βNrf2KO and Nrf2lox/lox mice fed on regular diet (RD) or high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS The expression of the master antioxidant regulator NRF2 was increased at early postnatal ages in both human (1 day to 19 months old, 31%) and mouse (7 days old, 57%) beta cells, and gradually declined with age (8% in adult humans, 3.77% in adult mice). A significant correlation (R2=0.568; p=0.001) was found between beta cell proliferation and NRF2 levels in human beta cells. Seven-day-old βNrf2KO mice showed reduced beta cell proliferation (by 65%), beta cell nuclear PDX1 levels (by 23%) and beta cell mass (by 67%), and increased beta cell oxidative stress (threefold) and beta cell death compared with Nrf2lox/lox control mice. NAC injections increased beta cell proliferation in 7-day-old βNrf2KO mice (3.4-fold) compared with saline-injected βNrf2KO mice. Interestingly, RNA-seq of islets isolated from 7-day-old βNrf2KO mice revealed reduced expression of mitochondrial RNA genes and genes involved in the electron transport chain. Islets isolated from 7-day old βNrf2KO mice presented reduced MitoTracker intensity (by 47%), mtDNA/gDNA ratio (by 75%) and ATP/ADP ratio (by 68%) compared with islets from Nrf2lox/lox littermates. Lastly, HFD-fed 3-month-old βNrf2KO male mice displayed a significant reduction in beta cell mass (by 35%), a mild increase in non-fasting blood glucose (1.2-fold), decreased plasma insulin (by 14%), and reduced glucose tolerance (1.3-fold) compared with HFD-fed Nrf2lox/lox mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study highlights NRF2 as an essential transcription factor for maintaining neonatal redox balance, mitochondrial biogenesis and function and beta cell growth, and for preserving functional beta cell mass in adulthood under metabolic stress. DATA AVAILABILITY Sequencing data are available in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus, accession number GSE242718 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE242718 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Baumel-Alterzon
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isabelle Tse
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fatema Heidery
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Ueki K, Nishida Y, Aoyama S, Uzawa H, Kanai A, Ito M, Ikeda K, Iida H, Miyatsuka T, Watada H. Establishment of Pancreatic β-Cell-Specific Gene Knockout System Based on CRISPR-Cas9 Technology With AAV8-Mediated gRNA Delivery. Diabetes 2023; 72:1609-1620. [PMID: 37625131 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The Cre-loxP system provides valuable resources to analyze the importance of tissue-specific gene knockout (KO), including pancreatic β-cells associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes. However, it is expensive and time consuming to generate transgenic mice harboring floxed genes of interest and cross them with cell-specific Cre expression mice. We establish a βCas9 system with mice expressing Cas9 in pancreatic β-cells and adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8)-mediated guide RNA (gRNA) delivery based on CRISPR-Cas9 technology to overcome those shortcomings. Interbreeding CAG-loxP-STOP-loxP (LSL)-Cas9 with Ins1-Cre mice generates normal glucose-tolerant βCas9 mice expressing Cas9 with fluorescent reporter EGFP specifically in β-cells. We also show significant β-cell-specific gene KO efficiency with AAV8-mediated delivery of gRNA for EGFP reporter by intraperitoneal injection in the mice. As a proof of concept, we administered AAV8 to βCas9 mice for expressing gRNA for Pdx1, a culprit gene of maturity-onset diabetes of the young 4. As reported previously, we demonstrate that those mice show glucose intolerance with transdifferentiation of Pdx1 KO β-cells into glucagon-expressing cells. We successfully generated a convenient β-cell-specific gene KO system with βCas9 mice and AAV8-mediated gRNA delivery. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosei Ueki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishida
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shuhei Aoyama
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uzawa
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akiko Kanai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Minami Ito
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koki Ikeda
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iida
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyatsuka
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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3
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Sekiya M, Ma Y, Kainoh K, Saito K, Yamazaki D, Tsuyuzaki T, Chen W, Adi Putri PIP, Ohno H, Miyamoto T, Takeuchi Y, Murayama Y, Sugano Y, Osaki Y, Iwasaki H, Yahagi N, Suzuki H, Motomura K, Matsuzaka T, Murata K, Mizuno S, Takahashi S, Shimano H. Loss of CtBP2 may be a mechanistic link between metabolic derangements and progressive impairment of pancreatic β cell function. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112914. [PMID: 37557182 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive increase in insulin secretion in early stages of obesity serves as a safeguard mechanism to maintain glucose homeostasis that cannot be sustained, and the eventual decompensation of β cells is a key event in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Here we describe a crucial system orchestrated by a transcriptional cofactor CtBP2. In cultured β cells, insulin gene expression is coactivated by CtBP2. Global genomic mapping of CtBP2 binding sites identifies a key interaction between CtBP2 and NEUROD1 through which CtBP2 decompacts chromatin in the insulin gene promoter. CtBP2 expression is diminished in pancreatic islets in multiple mouse models of obesity, as well as human obesity. Pancreatic β cell-specific CtBP2-deficient mice manifest glucose intolerance with impaired insulin secretion. Our transcriptome analysis highlights an essential role of CtBP2 in the maintenance of β cell integrity. This system provides clues to the molecular basis in obesity and may be targetable to develop therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Sekiya
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Kainoh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Saito
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daichi Yamazaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomomi Tsuyuzaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Wanpei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Putu Indah Paramita Adi Putri
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takafumi Miyamoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuki Murayama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoko Sugano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Osaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Iwasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kaori Motomura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan; Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
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Göcebe D, Jansakun C, Zhang Y, Staffer S, Tuma-Kellner S, Altamura S, Muckenthaler MU, Merle U, Herrmann T, Chamulitrat W. Myeloid-specific fatty acid transport protein 4 deficiency induces a sex-dimorphic susceptibility for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 324:G389-G403. [PMID: 36881564 PMCID: PMC10085558 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00181.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Newborns with FATP4 mutations exhibit ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS), and adult patients show skin hyperkeratosis, allergies, and eosinophilia. We have previously shown that the polarization of macrophages is altered by FATP4 deficiency; however, the role of myeloid FATP4 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not known. We herein phenotyped myeloid-specific Fatp4-deficient (Fatp4M-/-) mice under chow and high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet. Bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from Fatp4M-/- mice showed significant reduction in cellular sphingolipids in males and females, and additionally phospholipids in females. BMDMs and Kupffer cells from Fatp4M-/- mice exhibited increased LPS-dependent activation of proinflammatory cytokines and transcription factors PPARγ, CEBPα, and p-FoxO1. Correspondingly, these mutants under chow diet displayed thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, and elevated liver enzymes. After HFHC feeding, Fatp4M-/- mice showed increased MCP-1 expression in livers and subcutaneous fat. Plasma MCP-1, IL4, and IL13 levels were elevated in male and female mutants, and female mutants additionally showed elevation of IL5 and IL6. After HFHC feeding, male mutants showed an increase in hepatic steatosis and inflammation, whereas female mutants showed a greater severity in hepatic fibrosis associated with immune cell infiltration. Thus, myeloid-FATP4 deficiency led to steatotic and inflammatory NASH in males and females, respectively. Our work offers some implications for patients with FATP4 mutations and also highlights considerations in the design of sex-targeted therapies for NASH treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY FATP4 deficiency in BMDMs and Kupffer cells led to increased proinflammatory response. Fatp4M-/- mice displayed thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, and elevated liver enzymes. In response to HFHC feeding, male mutants were prone to hepatic steatosis, whereas female mutants showed exaggerated fibrosis. Our study provides insights into a sex-dimorphic susceptibility to NASH by myeloid-FATP4 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Göcebe
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chutima Jansakun
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Staffer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Tuma-Kellner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandro Altamura
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Jouvet N, Bouyakdan K, Campbell SA, Baldwin C, Townsend SE, Gannon MA, Poitout V, Alquier T, Estall JL. The Tetracycline-Controlled Transactivator (Tet-On/Off) System in β-Cells Reduces Insulin Expression and Secretion in Mice. Diabetes 2021; 70:2850-2859. [PMID: 34610983 PMCID: PMC8660978 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Controllable genetic manipulation is an indispensable tool in research, greatly advancing our understanding of cell biology and physiology. However in β-cells, transgene silencing, low inducibility, ectopic expression, and off-targets effects are persistent challenges. In this study, we investigated whether an inducible Tetracycline (Tet)-Off system with β-cell-specific mouse insulin promoter (MIP)-itTA-driven expression of tetracycline operon (TetO)-CreJaw/J could circumvent previous issues of specificity and efficacy. Following assessment of tissue-specific gene recombination, β-cell architecture, in vitro and in vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and whole-body glucose homeostasis, we discovered that expression of any tetracycline-controlled transactivator (e.g., improved itTA, reverse rtTA, or tTA) in β-cells significantly reduced Insulin gene expression and decreased insulin content. This translated into lower pancreatic insulin levels and reduced insulin secretion in mice carrying any tTA transgene, independent of Cre recombinase expression or doxycycline exposure. Our study echoes ongoing challenges faced by fundamental researchers working with β-cells and highlights the need for consistent and comprehensive controls when using the tetracycline-controlled transactivator systems (Tet-On or Tet-Off) for genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Jouvet
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Khalil Bouyakdan
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Scott A Campbell
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cindy Baldwin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shannon E Townsend
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Maureen A Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Alquier
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Hasan ASH, Dinh TTH, Le HT, Mizuno-Iijima S, Daitoku Y, Ishida M, Tanimoto Y, Kato K, Yoshiki A, Murata K, Mizuno S, Sugiyama F. Characterization of a bicistronic knock-in reporter mouse model for investigating the role of CABLES2 in vivo. Exp Anim 2021; 70:22-30. [PMID: 32779618 PMCID: PMC7887623 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two members of the CDK5 and ABL enzyme substrate (CABLES) family, CABLES1 and CABLES2, share a highly homologous C-terminus. They interact and associate with cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (CDK3), CDK5, and c-ABL. CABLES1 mediates tumor suppression, regulates cell proliferation, and prevents protein degradation. Although Cables2 is ubiquitously expressed in adult mouse tissues at RNA level, the role of CABLES2 in vivo remains unknown. Here, we generated bicistronic Cables2 knock-in reporter mice that expressed CABLES2 tagged with 3×FLAG and 2A-mediated fluorescent reporter tdTomato. Cables2-3×FLAG-2A-tdTomato (Cables2Tom) mice confirmed the expression of Cables2 in various mouse tissues. Interestingly, high intensity of tdTomato fluorescence was observed in the brain, testis and ovary, especially in the corpus luteum. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation analysis using the brain and testis in Cables2Tom/Tom revealed interaction of CABLES2 with CDK5. Collectively, our new Cables2 knock-in reporter model will enable the comprehensive analysis of in vivo CABLES2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Shaker Hamed Hasan
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Doctor's Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Ministry of Works, Municipalities Affairs and Urban Planning, Building 86, Block 318, Sheikh Hamad Street 1802, Manama Diplomatic Area, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Tra Thi Huong Dinh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hoai Thu Le
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors (SIGMA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Saori Mizuno-Iijima
- Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Yoko Daitoku
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Miyuki Ishida
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanimoto
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kanako Kato
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshiki
- Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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7
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Biphasic changes in β-cell mass around parturition are accompanied by increased serotonin production. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4962. [PMID: 32188885 PMCID: PMC7080838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell mass is known to be considerably altered during pregnancy and after parturition in rodents and humans. While β-cell mass increases during pregnancy and starts to return toward its original level after parturition, the cellular mechanisms by which β-cell mass during this period is regulated remains unclear. To address this issue in mice, we quantified β-cell mass and investigated the mechanisms underlying its regulation throughout the perinatal and postpartum period. The increased β-cell size and proliferation during pregnancy were significantly reduced shortly after parturition, whereas there was no evidence of β-cell reprogramming or increased apoptosis. Direct RNA sequencing of islets from pregnant and postpartum mice demonstrated dynamic changes in gene expression patterns, showing robust downregulation of cell cycle-related genes 1 day after parturition, and the reupregulation of serotonin metabolism-related genes at postpartum day 7. Serotonin synthesis was activated only in lactating females, accompanied by increased β-cell mass. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that β-cell mass is decreased shortly after parturition owing to reduced β-cell size and proliferation, and is subsequently increased, in association with lactation and serotonin biosynthesis.
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8
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Suzuki H, Dinh TTH, Daitoku Y, Tanimoto Y, Kato K, Azami T, Ema M, Murata K, Mizuno S, Sugiyama F. Generation of bicistronic reporter knockin mice for visualizing germ layers. Exp Anim 2019; 68:499-509. [PMID: 31189761 PMCID: PMC6842805 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Knockout mouse models are commonly used in developmental biology to investigate the functions of specific genes, and the knowledge obtained in such models has yielded insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental processes. Gastrulation is the most dynamic process in embryogenesis during which differentiation into three germ layers occurs. However, the functions of genes involved in gastrulation are not completely understood. One major reason for this is the technical difficulty of embryo analysis to understand germ layer location. We have generated three reporter mouse strains in which the germ layers are distinguished by different fluorescent reporters. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in mouse zygotes, the fluorescent reporter genes, EGFP, tdTomato, and TagBFP including 2A peptide sequences were knocked into the appropriate sites before the stop codon of the Sox17 (endoderm marker), Otx2 (ectoderm marker), and T (mesoderm marker) genes, respectively. Founder mice were successfully generated in the Sox17-2A-EGFP, Otx2-2A-tdTomato, and T-2A-TagBFP knockin reporter strains. Further, homozygous knockin mice of all strains appeared morphologically normal and were fertile. On stereomicroscopic analysis, fluorescent signals were detected in a germ layer-specific manner from heterozygous embryos at embryonic day (E) 6.5-8.5 in all strains, and were immunohistochemically demonstrated to match their respective germ layer-specific marker protein at E7.5. Taken together, these observations suggest that the Sox17-2A-EGFP, Otx2-2A-tdTomato, and T-2A-TagBFP knockin reporter mice may be useful for comprehensive analysis of gene function in germ layer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayate Suzuki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Doctor's Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tra Thi Huong Dinh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Daitoku
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanimoto
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kanako Kato
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takuya Azami
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Ema
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Trans-Border Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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9
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Matsuzawa T, Yoshikawa T, Iida T, Kárpáti A, Kitano H, Harada R, Nakamura T, Sugawara A, Yamaguchi Y, Yanai K. Heparan sulfate in pancreatic β-cells contributes to normal glucose homeostasis by regulating insulin secretion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:688-695. [PMID: 29605295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS), a linear polysaccharide, is involved in diverse biological functions of various tissues. HS is expressed in pancreatic β-cells and may be involved in β-cell functions. However, the importance of HS for β-cell function remains unknown. Here, we generated mice with β-cell-specific deletion of Ext1 (βExt1CKO), which encodes an enzyme essential for HS synthesis, to investigate the detailed roles of HS in β-cell function. βExt1CKO mice decreased body weights compared with control mice, despite increased food intake. Additionally, βExt1CKO mice showed impaired glucose tolerance associated with decreased insulin secretion upon glucose challenge. Glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) from isolated βExt1CKO islets was also significantly reduced, highlighting the contribution of HS to insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The gene expression essential for GIIS was decreased in βExt1CKO islets. Pdx1 and MafA were downregulated in βExt1CKO islets, indicating that HS promoted β-cell development and maturation. BrdU- or Ki67-positive β-cells were reduced in βExt1CKO pancreatic sections, suggesting the involvement of HS in the proliferation of β-cells. Moreover, insufficient vascularization in βExt1CKO islets may contribute to central distribution of α-cells. These data demonstrate HS plays diverse roles in β-cells, and that loss of HS leads to insufficient insulin secretion and dysregulation of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Matsuzawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Tomomitsu Iida
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Anikó Kárpáti
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruna Kitano
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Harada
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadaho Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Division of Pharmacology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Faculty of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Sugawara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Yanai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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10
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Kim DS, Song L, Wang J, Wu H, Gu G, Sugi Y, Li Z, Wang H. GRP94 Is an Essential Regulator of Pancreatic β-Cell Development, Mass, and Function in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1062-1073. [PMID: 29272356 PMCID: PMC5793778 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deficiencies in pancreatic β-cell mass contribute to both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the role of the glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 94, an endoplasmic reticulum protein abundantly expressed in the pancreatic acini and islets, in β-cell development, survival, and function. We used a conditional knockout (KO) mouse in which the GRP94 gene, Hsp90b1, was specifically deleted in pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1)-expressing cells. These Hsp90b1 flox/flox;Pdx1Cre KO mice exhibited pancreatic hypoplasia at embryonic day (E) 16.5 to E18.5 and had significantly reduced β-cell mass at 4 weeks after birth. Further mechanistic studies showed that deletion of GRP94 reduced β-cell proliferation with increased cell apoptosis in both Pdx1+ endocrine progenitor cells and differentiated β cells. Although Hsp90b1 flox/flox;Pdx1Cre KO mice remained euglycemic at 8 weeks of age, they exhibited impaired glucose tolerance. In aggregate, these findings indicate that GRP94 is an essential regulator of pancreatic β-cell development, mass, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Lili Song
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Hongju Wu
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Yukiko Sugi
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Zihai Li
- Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
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11
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Yagishita Y, Uruno A, Fukutomi T, Saito R, Saigusa D, Pi J, Fukamizu A, Sugiyama F, Takahashi S, Yamamoto M. Nrf2 Improves Leptin and Insulin Resistance Provoked by Hypothalamic Oxidative Stress. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2030-2044. [PMID: 28228267 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between loss of hypothalamic function and onset of diabetes mellitus remains elusive. Therefore, we generated a targeted oxidative-stress murine model utilizing conditional knockout (KO) of selenocysteine-tRNA (Trsp) using rat-insulin-promoter-driven-Cre (RIP-Cre). These Trsp-KO (TrspRIPKO) mice exhibit deletion of Trsp in both hypothalamic cells and pancreatic β cells, leading to increased hypothalamic oxidative stress and severe insulin resistance. Leptin signals are suppressed, and numbers of proopiomelanocortin-positive neurons in the hypothalamus are decreased. In contrast, Trsp-KO mice (TrspIns1KO) expressing Cre specifically in pancreatic β cells, but not in the hypothalamus, do not display insulin and leptin resistance, demonstrating a critical role of the hypothalamus in the onset of diabetes mellitus. Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) regulates antioxidant gene expression. Increased Nrf2 signaling suppresses hypothalamic oxidative stress and improves insulin and leptin resistance in TrspRIPKO mice. Thus, Nrf2 harbors the potential to prevent the onset of diabetic mellitus by reducing hypothalamic oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yagishita
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Fukutomi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Organ Transplantation, Reconstruction and Endoscopic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ritsumi Saito
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8573, Japan
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Akiyoshi Fukamizu
- Life Science Center, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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12
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Fan J, Wang Y, Liu L, Zhang H, Zhang F, Shi L, Yu M, Gao F, Xu Z. cTAGE5 deletion in pancreatic β cells impairs proinsulin trafficking and insulin biogenesis in mice. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:4153-4164. [PMID: 29133483 PMCID: PMC5716288 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Fan et al. show that cTAGE5 interacts with the v-SNARE Sec22b to regulate proinsulin processing and COPII-dependent trafficking from the ER to the Golgi, thereby influencing glucose tolerance. Proinsulin is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in pancreatic β cells and transported to the Golgi apparatus for proper processing and secretion into plasma. Defects in insulin biogenesis may cause diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms for proinsulin transport are still not fully understood. We show that β cell–specific deletion of cTAGE5, also known as Mea6, leads to increased ER stress, reduced insulin biogenesis in the pancreas, and severe glucose intolerance in mice. We reveal that cTAGE5/MEA6 interacts with vesicle membrane soluble N-ethyl-maleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor Sec22b. Sec22b and its interaction with cTAGE5/MEA6 are essential for proinsulin processing. cTAGE5/MEA6 may coordinate with Sec22b to control the release of COPII vesicles from the ER, and thereby the ER-to-Golgi trafficking of proinsulin. Importantly, transgenic expression of human cTAGE5/MEA6 in β cells can rescue not only the defect in islet structure, but also dysfunctional insulin biogenesis and glucose intolerance on cTAGE5/Mea6 conditional knockout background. Together our data provide more insight into the underlying mechanism of the proinsulin trafficking pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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13
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Arf6 in lymphatic endothelial cells regulates lymphangiogenesis by controlling directional cell migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11431. [PMID: 28900118 PMCID: PMC5595869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Arf6 plays pivotal roles in a wide variety of cellular events such as endocytosis, exocytosis, and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. However, the physiological functions of Arf6 at the whole animal level have not yet been thoroughly understood. Here, we show that Arf6 regulates developmental and tumor lymphangiogenesis in mice. Lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-specific Arf6 conditional knockout (LEC-Arf6 cKO) mouse embryos exhibit severe skin edema and impairment in the formation of lymphatic vessel network at the mid-gestation stage. Knockdown of Arf6 in human LECs inhibits in vitro capillary tube formation and directed cell migration induced by vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) by inhibiting VEGF-C-induced internalization of β1 integrin. Finally, we found that LEC-Arf6 cKO mice transplanted with B16 melanoma cells attenuated tumor lymphangiogenesis and progression. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Arf6 in LECs plays a crucial role in physiological and pathological lymphangiogenesis.
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14
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Al-Soudy AS, Nakanishi T, Mizuno S, Hasegawa Y, Shawki HH, Katoh MC, Basha WA, Ibrahim AE, El-Shemy HA, Iseki H, Yoshiki A, Hiromori Y, Nagase H, Takahashi S, Oishi H, Sugiyama F. Germline recombination in a novel Cre transgenic line, Prl3b1-Cre mouse. Genesis 2016; 54:389-97. [PMID: 27124574 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex and highly regulated process by which spermatogonial stem cells differentiate into spermatozoa. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the process, the Cre/loxP system has been widely utilized for conditional gene knockout in mice. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses Cre recombinase under the control of the 2.5 kbp of the Prolactin family 3, subfamily b, member 1 (Prl3b1) gene promoter (Prl3b1-cre). Prl3b1 was initially reported to code for placental lactogen 2 (PL-2) protein in placenta along with increased expression toward the end of pregnancy. PL-2 was found to be expressed in germ cells in the testis, especially in spermatocytes. To analyze the specificity and efficiency of Cre recombinase activity in Prl3b1-cre mice, the mice were mated with reporter R26GRR mice, which express GFP ubiquitously before and tdsRed exclusively after Cre recombination. The systemic examination of Prl3b1-cre;R26GRR mice revealed that tdsRed-positive cells were detected only in the testis and epididymis. Fluorescence imaging of Prl3b1-cre;R26GRR testes suggested that Cre-mediated recombination took place in the germ cells with approximately 74% efficiency determined by in vitro fertilization. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Prl3b1-cre mice line provides a unique resource to understand testicular germ-cell development. genesis 54:389-397, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Sayed Al-Soudy
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Animal Genetic Resource Department, National Gene Bank, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Hasegawa
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hossam H Shawki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Animal Genetic Resource Department, National Gene Bank, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Megumi C Katoh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Walaa A Basha
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz E Ibrahim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hany A El-Shemy
- Cairo University Research Park, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hiroyoshi Iseki
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshiki
- Experimental Animal Division, Riken BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Youhei Hiromori
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Nagase
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Oishi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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15
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Hasegawa Y, Hoshino Y, Ibrahim AE, Kato K, Daitoku Y, Tanimoto Y, Ikeda Y, Oishi H, Takahashi S, Yoshiki A, Yagami KI, Iseki H, Mizuno S, Sugiyama F. Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated bicistronic knock-in ins1-cre driver mice. Exp Anim 2016; 65:319-27. [PMID: 27053096 PMCID: PMC4976246 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.16-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we generated novel cre driver mice for gene
manipulation in pancreatic β cells. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, stop codon sequences of
Ins1 were targeted for insertion of cre, including
2A sequences. A founder of C57BL/6J-Ins1em1 (cre)
Utr strain was produced from an oocyte injected with
pX330 containing the sequences encoding gRNA and Cas9 and a DNA donor
plasmid carrying 2A-cre. (R26GRR x C57BL/6J-Ins1em1 (cre)
Utr) F1 mice were histologically characterized for cre-loxP
recombination in the embryonic and adult stages; cre-loxP recombination was observed in
all pancreatic islets examined in which almost all insulin-positive cells showed tdsRed
fluorescence, suggesting β cell-specific recombination. Furthermore, there were no
significant differences in results of glucose tolerance test among genotypes
(homo/hetero/wild). Taken together, these observations indicated that
C57BL/6J-Ins1em1 (cre) Utr is useful for studies of
glucose metabolism and the strategy of bicistronic cre knock-in using the
CRISPR/Cas9 system could be useful for production of cre driver mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Hasegawa
- Laborarory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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16
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β-Cell-Specific Mafk Overexpression Impairs Pancreatic Endocrine Cell Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150010. [PMID: 26901059 PMCID: PMC4763111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The MAF family transcription factors are homologs of v-Maf, the oncogenic component of the avian retrovirus AS42. They are subdivided into 2 groups, small and large MAF proteins, according to their structure, function, and molecular size. MAFK is a member of the small MAF family and acts as a dominant negative form of large MAFs. In previous research we generated transgenic mice that overexpress MAFK in order to suppress the function of large MAF proteins in pancreatic β-cells. These mice developed hyperglycemia in adulthood due to impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of β-cell-specific Mafk overexpression in endocrine cell development. The developing islets of Mafk-transgenic embryos appeared to be disorganized with an inversion of total numbers of insulin+ and glucagon+ cells due to reduced β-cell proliferation. Gene expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR revealed decreased levels of β-cell-related genes whose expressions are known to be controlled by large MAF proteins. Additionally, these changes were accompanied with a significant increase in key β-cell transcription factors likely due to compensatory mechanisms that might have been activated in response to the β-cell loss. Finally, microarray comparison of gene expression profiles between wild-type and transgenic pancreata revealed alteration of some uncharacterized genes including Pcbd1, Fam132a, Cryba2, and Npy, which might play important roles during pancreatic endocrine development. Taken together, these results suggest that Mafk overexpression impairs endocrine development through a regulation of numerous β-cell-related genes. The microarray analysis provided a unique data set of differentially expressed genes that might contribute to a better understanding of the molecular basis that governs the development and function of endocrine pancreas.
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17
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Knockin of Cre Gene at Ins2 Locus Reveals No Cre Activity in Mouse Hypothalamic Neurons. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20438. [PMID: 26830324 PMCID: PMC4735843 DOI: 10.1038/srep20438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The recombination efficiency and cell specificity of Cre driver lines are critical for exploring pancreatic β cell biology with the Cre/LoxP approach. Some commonly used Cre lines are based on the short Ins2 promoter fragment and show recombination activity in hypothalamic neurons; however, whether this stems from endogenous Ins2 promoter activity remains controversial. In this study, we generated Ins2-Cre knockin mice with a targeted insertion of IRES-Cre at the Ins2 locus and demonstrated with a cell lineage tracing study that the Ins2 gene is not transcriptionally active in the hypothalamus. The Ins2-Cre driver line displayed robust Cre expression and activity in pancreatic β cells without significant alterations in insulin expression. In the brain, Cre activity was mainly restricted to the choroid plexus, without significant recombination detected in the hippocampus or hypothalamus by the LacZ or fluorescent tdTomato reporters. Furthermore, Ins2-Cre mice exhibited normal glucose tolerance and insulin secretion upon glucose stimulation in vivo. In conclusion, this Ins2-Cre driver line allowed high-fidelity detection of endogenous Ins2 promoter activity in vivo, and the negative activity in the hypothalamus demonstrated that this system is a promising alternative tool for studying β cell biology.
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18
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Oropeza D, Jouvet N, Budry L, Campbell JE, Bouyakdan K, Lacombe J, Perron G, Bergeron V, Neuman JC, Brar HK, Fenske RJ, Meunier C, Sczelecki S, Kimple ME, Drucker DJ, Screaton RA, Poitout V, Ferron M, Alquier T, Estall JL. Phenotypic Characterization of MIP-CreERT1Lphi Mice With Transgene-Driven Islet Expression of Human Growth Hormone. Diabetes 2015; 64:3798-807. [PMID: 26153246 PMCID: PMC4613972 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern over confounding artifacts associated with β-cell-specific Cre-recombinase transgenic models, raising questions about their general usefulness in research. The inducible β-cell-specific transgenic (MIP-CreERT(1Lphi)) mouse was designed to circumvent many of these issues, and we investigated whether this tool effectively addressed concerns of ectopic expression and disruption of glucose metabolism. Recombinase activity was absent from the central nervous system using a reporter line and high-resolution microscopy. Despite increased pancreatic insulin content, MIP-CreERT mice on a chow diet exhibited normal ambient glycemia, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and appropriate insulin secretion in response to glucose in vivo and in vitro. However, MIP-CreERT mice on different genetic backgrounds were protected from high-fat/ streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia that was accompanied by increased insulin content and islet density. Ectopic human growth hormone (hGH) was highly expressed in MIP-CreERT islets independent of tamoxifen administration. Circulating insulin levels remained similar to wild-type controls, whereas STZ-associated increases in α-cell number and serum glucagon were significantly blunted in MIP-CreERT(1Lphi) mice, possibly due to paracrine effects of hGH-induced serotonin expression. These studies reveal important new insight into the strengths and limitations of the MIP-CreERT mouse line for β-cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oropeza
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jouvet
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lionel Budry
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan E Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Khalil Bouyakdan
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Lacombe
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Perron
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valerie Bergeron
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joshua C Neuman
- Department of Medicine and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Harpreet K Brar
- Department of Medicine and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Rachel J Fenske
- Department of Medicine and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Clemence Meunier
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Sczelecki
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle E Kimple
- Department of Medicine and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Department of Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Screaton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Ferron
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thierry Alquier
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Peri-implantation lethality in mice carrying megabase-scale deletion on 5qc3.3 is caused by Exoc1 null mutation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13632. [PMID: 26346620 PMCID: PMC4562154 DOI: 10.1038/srep13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We found a novel spontaneous mouse mutant with depigmentation in the ventral body, which we called White Spotting (WS) mouse. Genetic investigation revealed deletion of a > 1.2-Mb genomic region containing nine genes (Kit, Kdr, Srd5a3, Tmeme165, Clock, Pdcl2, Nmu, Exoc1, and Cep135). We designated this mutant allele KitWS. Interestingly, homozygous mutants (KitWS/WS) showed a peri-implantation lethal phenotype. Expression analyses of these nine genes in blastocysts suggested that Exoc1 was a prime candidate for this phenotype. We produced Exoc1 knockout mice, and the same peri-implantation lethal phenotype was seen in Exoc1−/− embryos. In addition, the polygenic effect without Exoc1 was investigated in genome-edited KitWE mice carrying the Mb-scale deletion induced by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. As KitWE/WE embryos did not exhibit the abnormal phenotype, which was seen in KitWS/WS. We concluded that peri-implantation lethality in KitWS/WS was caused by a monogenic defect of Exoc1.
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Cheng Y, Su Y, Shan A, Jiang X, Ma Q, Wang W, Ning G, Cao Y. Generation and Characterization of Transgenic Mice Expressing Mouse Ins1 Promoter for Pancreatic β-Cell-Specific Gene Overexpression and Knockout. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2724-31. [PMID: 25885930 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The technologies for pancreatic β-cell-specific gene overexpression or knockout are fundamental for investigations of functional genes in vivo. Here we generated the Ins1-Cre-Dsred and Ins1-rtTA mouse models, which expressed the Cre recombinase or reverse tetracycline regulatable transactivator (rtTA) without hGH minigene under the control of mouse Ins1 promoter. Our data showed that the Cre-mediated recombination and rtTA-mediated activation could be efficiently detected at embryonic day 13.5 when these models were crossed with the reporter mice (ROSA(mT/mG) or tetO-HIST1H2BJ/GFP). The Cre and rtTA expression was restricted to β-cells without leakage in the brain and other tissues. Moreover, both the transgenic lines showed normal glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. These results suggested that the Ins1-Cre-Dsred and Ins1-rtTA mice could be used to knock out or overexpress target genes in embryos and adults to facilitate β-cell researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Cheng
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yutong Su
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Aijing Shan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiuli Jiang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qinyun Ma
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.C., G.N.), Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Y.C., G.N.), and Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (Y.S., A.S., X.J., Q.M., W.W., G.N., Y.C.), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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21
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Estall JL, Screaton RA. To Be(ta Cell) or Not to Be(ta cell): New Mouse Models for Studying Gene Function in the Pancreatic β-Cell. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2365-7. [PMID: 26091426 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A challenge in the pancreatic β-cell field has been to identify a promoter fragment that is active only in the β-cell compartment and inactive in other regions, such as the hypothalamic region of the brain. The presence of Cre recombinase alone in some models may also affect glucoregulation, confounding interpretation of gene function in the β-cell. A paper presented within describes the development and characterization of 2 new transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase under the mouse insulin1 promoter that are useful for β-cell-specific gene ablation: the first is constitutive and coexpresses DsRed (Ins1-Cre-DsRed); the second allows β-cell-specific expression of the reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator, which can be used for drug-dependent expression of a target gene of interest for overexpression studies. These novel models show robust specificity and efficiency and will be valuable tools for functional studies of gene action in β-cells, potentially alleviating current issues associated with previously available mouse lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (J.L.E.), Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7; and Department of Biochemistry (R.A.S.), University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada M4N 3M5
| | - Robert A Screaton
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (J.L.E.), Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7; and Department of Biochemistry (R.A.S.), University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada M4N 3M5
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22
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Gong GC, Fan WZ, Li DZ, Tian X, Chen SJ, Fu YC, Xu WC, Wei CJ. Increased Specific Labeling of INS-1 Pancreatic Beta-Cell by Using RIP-Driven Cre Mutants with Reduced Activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129092. [PMID: 26046525 PMCID: PMC4457865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopically expressed Cre recombinase in extrapancreatic tissues in RIP-Cre mice has been well documented. The objective of this study was to find a simple solution that allows for improved beta-cell specific targeting. To this end, the RIP-Cre and reporter CMV-loxP-DsRed-loxP-EGFP expression cassettes were configurated into a one-plasmid and two-plasmid systems, which labeled approximately 80% insulin-positive INS-1 cells after 48 h transfection. However, off-target labeling was robustly found in more than 15% insulin-negative Ad293 cells. When an IRES element was inserted in front of Cre to reduce the translation efficiency, the ratio of recombination between INS-1 and Ad293 cells increased 3-4-fold. Further, a series of Cre mutants were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. When one of the mutants, Cre(H289P) in both configurations, was used in the experiment, the percentage of recombination dropped to background levels in a number of insulin-negative cell lines, but decreased only slightly in INS-1 cells. Consistently, DNA substrate digestion assay showed that the enzymatic activity of Cre(H289P) was reduced by 30-fold as compared to that of wild-type. In this study, we reported the generation of constructs containing RIP and Cre mutants, which enabled enhanced beta-cell specific labeling in vitro. These tools could be invaluable for beta-cell targeting and to the study of islet development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-cheng Gong
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Wen-zhu Fan
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Di-zheng Li
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Xiong Tian
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Shao-jun Chen
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Yu-cai Fu
- Laboratory of Cell Senescence, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Wen-can Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Chi-ju Wei
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- * E-mail:
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23
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Abstract
In vivo gene manipulation is a cornerstone approach in modern physiology. Cre-Lox technology has been extensively used to delete genes and activate reporters in pancreatic β-cells, bringing new insight into the pathophysiology of diabetes. In all cases, it is important to understand the expression domain of the specific reporter-Cre combination in order to correctly interpret the data. In the case of targeted genes with significant expression and function in the brain, the use of Ins2 promoter driven Cre, commonly known as RIP-Cre, has been shown to confound data interpretation when appropriate controls are not present. The recent article from the Philipson group in Islets provides an important characterization of a new Cre-deleter model, referred to as MIP1-CreER, which employs the mouse Ins1 promoter. This Ins1 promoter, recapitulating the expression pattern of the endogenous Ins1 gene, does not drive significant transgene expression in the brain and therefore is highly specific for deleting genes or turning on reporters in the pancreatic β-cell. This model promises to be widely used in the field of islet biology. Here, I review recent developments in the area of in vivo gene modification and predict areas where such tools will be refined further.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences; University
of British Columbia; Life Sciences Centre; Vancouver, BC
Canada
- Correspondence to: James D Johnson;
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