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Tagne-Fotso R, Riou M, Saoudi A, Zeghnoun A, Frederiksen H, Berman T, Montazeri P, Andersson AM, Rodriguez-Martin L, Akesson A, Berglund M, Biot P, Castaño A, Charles MA, Cocco E, Den Hond E, Dewolf MC, Esteban-Lopez M, Gilles L, Govarts E, Guignard C, Gutleb AC, Hartmann C, Kold Jensen T, Koppen G, Kosjek T, Lambrechts N, McEachan R, Sakhi AK, Snoj Tratnik J, Uhl M, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Vrijheid M, Weber T, Zaros C, Tarroja-Aulina E, Knudsen LE, Covaci A, Barouki R, Kolossa-Gehring M, Schoeters G, Denys S, Fillol C, Rambaud L. Exposure to bisphenol A in European women from 2007 to 2014 using human biomonitoring data - The European Joint Programme HBM4EU. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108912. [PMID: 39116556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA; or 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol) is an endocrine disrupting chemical. It was widely used in a variety of plastic-based manufactured products for several years. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently reduced the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for BPA by 20,000 times due to concerns about immune-toxicity. OBJECTIVE We used human biomonitoring (HBM) data to investigate the general level of BPA exposure from 2007 to 2014 of European women aged 18-73 years (n = 4,226) and its determinants. METHODS Fifteen studies from 12 countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) were included in the BPA Study protocol developed within the European Joint Programme HBM4EU. Seventy variables related to the BPA exposure were collected through a rigorous post-harmonization process. Linear mixed regression models were used to investigate the determinants of total urine BPA in the combined population. RESULTS Total BPA was quantified in 85-100 % of women in 14 out of 15 contributing studies. Only the Austrian PBAT study (Western Europe), which had a limit of quantification 2.5 to 25-fold higher than the other studies (LOQ=2.5 µg/L), found total BPA in less than 5 % of the urine samples analyzed. The geometric mean (GM) of total urine BPA ranged from 0.77 to 2.47 µg/L among the contributing studies. The lowest GM of total BPA was observed in France (Western Europe) from the ELFE subset (GM=0.77 µg/L (0.98 µg/g creatinine), n = 1741), and the highest levels were found in Belgium (Western Europe) and Greece (Southern Europe), from DEMOCOPHES (GM=2.47 µg/L (2.26 µg/g creatinine), n = 129) and HELIX-RHEA (GM=2.47 µg/L (2.44 µg/g creatinine), n = 194) subsets, respectively. One hundred percent of women in 14 out of 15 data collections in this study exceeded the health-based human biomonitoring guidance value for the general population (HBM-GVGenPop) of 0.0115 µg total BPA/L urine derived from the updated EFSA's BPA TDI. Variables related to the measurement of total urine BPA and those related to the main socio-demographic characteristics (age, height, weight, education, smoking status) were collected in almost all studies, while several variables related to BPA exposure factors were not gathered in most of the original studies (consumption of beverages contained in plastic bottles, consumption of canned food or beverages, consumption of food in contact with plastic packaging, use of plastic film or plastic containers for food, having a plastic floor covering in the house, use of thermal paper…). No clear determinants of total urine BPA concentrations among European women were found. A broader range of data planned for collection in the original questionnaires of the contributing studies would have resulted in a more thorough investigation of the determinants of BPA exposure in European women. CONCLUSION This study highlights the urgent need for action to further reduce exposure to BPA to protect the population, as is already the case in the European Union. The study also underscores the importance of pre-harmonizing HBM design and data for producing comparable data and interpretable results at a European-wide level, and to increase HBM uptake by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romuald Tagne-Fotso
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency (SpFrance, ANSP), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, Saint-Maurice Cedex 94415, France.
| | - Margaux Riou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency (SpFrance, ANSP), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, Saint-Maurice Cedex 94415, France
| | - Abdessattar Saoudi
- Department of Data Support, Data Processing and Analysis, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Abdelkrim Zeghnoun
- Department of Data Support, Data Processing and Analysis, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamar Berman
- Israel Ministry of Health (MOH-IL), Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Parisa Montazeri
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Agneta Akesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pierre Biot
- Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), French Institute for Medical Research and Health (Inserm), French Blood Agency, ELFE Joint Unit, Aubervilliers, France; Inserm UMR 1153, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Team Early Life Research on Later Health, University of Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Emmanuelle Cocco
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Elly Den Hond
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Provincial Institute of Hygiene (PIH), Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Marta Esteban-Lopez
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Liese Gilles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Cedric Guignard
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Odense, Denmark
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tina Kosjek
- Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nathalie Lambrechts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria Uhl
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jose Urquiza
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Department Health Protection, Laboratoire national de santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg; Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany
| | - Cécile Zaros
- French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), French Institute for Medical Research and Health (Inserm), French Blood Agency, ELFE Joint Unit, Aubervilliers, France
| | | | | | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Robert Barouki
- Inserm UMR S-1124, University of Paris, T3S, Paris, France; Biochemistry, Metabolomics, and Proteomics Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Denys
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency (SpFrance, ANSP), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, Saint-Maurice Cedex 94415, France
| | - Clemence Fillol
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency (SpFrance, ANSP), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, Saint-Maurice Cedex 94415, France
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, The French Public Health Agency (SpFrance, ANSP), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, Saint-Maurice Cedex 94415, France
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Chaichian S, Khodabandehloo F, Haghighi L, Govahi A, Mehdizadeh M, Ajdary M, Varma RS. Toxicological Impact of Bisphenol A on Females' Reproductive System: Review Based on Experimental and Epidemiological Studies. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1781-1799. [PMID: 38532232 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The study encompassing research papers documented in the last two decades pertaining to the possible influence of bisphenol A (BPA) on the fertility of females are appraised with emphasis on the influence of BPA in reproductive organs (uterus and ovaries) and pregnancy outcomes including discussion on the reproductive process (implantation, estrous cycle, hormone secretion); outcomes reveal a connection amongst BPA and female infertility. Ovary, uterus, and its shape as well as function can alter a person's ability to become pregnant by influencing the hypothalamus-pituitary axis in the ovarian model. Additionally, implantation and the estrous cycle may be affected by BPA. However, more research is warranted to comprehend the underlying action mechanisms and to promptly identify any imminent reproductive harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Chaichian
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khodabandehloo
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Haghighi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Govahi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ajdary
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Zhang W, Li Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Zhang J, Ji X, Lu L. Distribution and potential risk factors of bisphenol a in serum and urine among Chinese from 2004 to 2019. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1196248. [PMID: 38379678 PMCID: PMC10878132 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1196248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA) is an oil-derived, large-market volume chemical with endocrine disrupting properties and reproductive toxicity. Moreover, BPA is frequently used in food contact materials, has been extensively researched recently, and widespread exposure in the general population has been reported worldwide. However, national information on BPA levels in general Chinese people is lacking. Methods This study collected and analyzed 145 (104 in urine and 41 in serum) research articles published between 2004 and 2021 to reflect the BPA internal exposure levels in Chinese populations. The Monte Carlo simulation method is employed to analyze and estimate the data in order to rectify the deviation caused by a skewed distribution. Results Data on BPA concentrations in urine and serum were collected from 2006 to 2019 and 2004 to 2019, respectively. Urinary BPA concentrations did not vary significantly until 2017, with the highest concentration occurring from 2018 to 2019 (2.90 ng/mL). The serum BPA concentration decreased to the nadir of 1.07 ng/mL in 2011 and gradually increased to 2.54 ng/mL. Nationally, 18 provinces were studied, with Guangdong (3.50 ng/mL), Zhejiang (2.57 ng/mL), and Fujian (2.15 ng/mL) having the highest urine BPA levels. Serum BPA was investigated in 15 provinces; Jiangsu (9.14 ng/mL) and Shandong (5.80 ng/mL) were relatively high. The results also indicated that males' urine and serum BPA levels were higher than females, while the BPA levels in children were also higher than in adults (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the volume of garbage disposal (r = 0.39, p < 0.05), household sewage (r = 0.34, p < 0.05), and waste incineration content (r = 0.35, p < 0.05) exhibited a strong positive connection with urine BPA levels in Chinese individuals. Conclusion Despite using a data consolidation approach, our study found that the Chinese population was exposed to significant amounts of BPA, and males having a higher level than females. Besides, the levels of BPA exposure are influenced by the volume of garbage disposal, household sewage, and waste incineration content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoya Ji
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Hahladakis JN, Iacovidou E, Gerassimidou S. An overview of the occurrence, fate, and human risks of the bisphenol-A present in plastic materials, components, and products. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:45-62. [PMID: 35362236 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With over 95% of bisphenol-A (BPA) used in the production of polycarbonate (PC) and epoxy resins, termed here as BPA-based plastic materials, components, and products (MCPs), an investigation of human exposure to BPA over the whole lifecycle of BPA-based plastic MCPs is necessary. This mini-review unpacks the implications arising from the long-term human exposure to BPA and its potential accumulation across the lifecycle of BPA-based plastics (production, use, and management). This investigation is timely and necessary in promoting a sustainable circular economy model. Restrictions of BPA in the form of bans and safety standards are often specific to products, while safety limits rely on traditional toxicological and biomonitoring methods that may underestimate human health implications and therefore the "safety" of BPA exposure. Controversies in regards to the: (a) dose-response curves; (b) the complexity of sources, release mechanisms, and pathways of exposure; and/or (c) the quality and reliability of toxicological studies, appear to currently stifle progress toward the regulation of BPA-based plastic MCPs. Due to the abundance of BPA in our MCPs production, consumption, and management systems, there is partial and inadequate evidence on the contribution of BPA-based plastic MCPs to human exposure to BPA. Yet, the production, use, and end-of-life management of plastic MCPs constitute the most critical BPA source and potential exposure pathways that require further investigation. Active collaboration among risk assessors, government, policy-makers, and researchers is needed to explore the impacts of BPA in the long term and introduce restrictions to BPA-based MCPs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:45-62. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Hahladakis
- Waste Management (FEWS) Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eleni Iacovidou
- Sustainable Plastics Research Group (SPlasH), Brunel University London, London, UK
- Division of Environmental Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
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Sánchez-Piñero J, Novo-Quiza N, Moreda-Piñeiro J, Turnes-Carou I, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, López-Mahía P. Multi-class organic pollutants in atmospheric particulate matter (PM 2.5) from a Southwestern Europe industrial area: Levels, sources and human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114195. [PMID: 36030919 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of 50 multi-class pollutants comprising 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 12 phthalate esters (PAEs), 12 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 6 synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) and 2 bisphenols was studied in atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) samples collected at an industrial area focused on automotive manufacturing located at the Southwestern Atlantic European region (Vigo city, Spain) during 1-year period. Among all quantitated pollutants in PM2.5 samples, bisphenol A (BPA) was the most predominant with an average concentration of 6180 pg m-3, followed by PAHs comprising benzo(b+j)fluoranthene (BbF + BjF) and benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BghiP), accounting for 546 pg m-3 and 413 pg m-3 respectively. In addition, two OPFRs concerning tris(chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) and triphenyl phosphine oxide (TPPO) were the next following the concentration order, accounting for 411 pg m-3 and 367 pg m-3 respectively; being butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) the most profuse PAE (56.1 pg m-3 by average). High relative standard deviations (RSDs) were observed during the whole sampling period, while statistically significant differences were only observed for PAHs concentrations during cold and warm seasons. Furthermore, some water-soluble ions and metal(oid)s were analysed in PM2.5 samples to be used as PM source tracers, whose concentrations were quite below the target levels set in the current legislation. Data obtained from principal component analysis (PCA) and PAHs molecular indices suggested a pyrogenic and petrogenic origin for PAHs, whereas occurrence of the remaining compounds seems to be attributed to resources used in the automotive industrial activity settled in the sampling area. Moreover, although a substantial anthropogenic source to PM2.5 in the area was observed, marine and soil resuspension contributions were also accounted. Finally, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks posed by PM2.5-bound pollutants inhalation were assessed, being both averages within the safe level considering the whole period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Sánchez-Piñero
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Natalia Novo-Quiza
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreda-Piñeiro
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Isabel Turnes-Carou
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Purificación López-Mahía
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences. Campus de A Coruña, s/n. 15071, A Coruña, Spain
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Nunes HC, Tavares SC, Garcia HV, Cucielo MS, Dos Santos SAA, Aal MCE, de Golim MA, Justulin LA, Ribeiro AO, Deffune E, Scarano WR, Delella FK. Bisphenol A and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin at non-cytotoxic doses alter the differentiation potential and cell function of rat adipose-stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2314-2323. [PMID: 35661558 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of chemical contamination is an important issue to consider when designing a cell therapy strategy. Both bisphenol A (BPA) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) are among the most environmentally relevant endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs, compounds with a high affinity for adipose tissue) recently studied. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from adipose tissue widely used in regenerative medicine to prevent and treat diseases in several tissues and organs. Although the experimental use of tissue-engineered constructs requires careful analysis for approval and implantation, there has been a recent increase in the number of approved clinical trials for this promising strategy. This study aimed to evaluate cell viability, apoptosis, DNA damage, and the adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation potential of rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) exposed to previously established non-cytotoxic doses of BPA and TCDD in vitro. Results demonstrated that 10 μM of BPA and 10 nM of TCDD were able to significantly reduce cell viability, while all exposure levels resulted in DNA damage, although did not increase the apoptosis rate. According to the analysis of adipogenic differentiation, 1 μM of BPA induced the significant formation of oil droplets, suggesting an increased adipocyte differentiation, while both 10 μM of BPA and 10 nM of TCDD decreased adipocyte differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation did not differ among the treatments. As such, BPA and TCDD in the concentrations tested can modify important processes in rASCs such as cell viability, adipogenic differentiation, and DNA damage. Together, these findings prove that EDCs play an important role as contaminants, putatively interfering in cell differentiation and thus impairing the therapeutic use of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Caputo Nunes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samara Costa Tavares
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Vicente Garcia
- Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mirian Carolini Esgoti Aal
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Assis de Golim
- Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Flow Cytometry Laboratory, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Justulin
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Oliveira Ribeiro
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elenice Deffune
- Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellerson Rodrigo Scarano
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Karina Delella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Xing J, Zhang S, Zhang M, Hou J. A critical review of presence, removal and potential impacts of endocrine disruptors bisphenol A. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 254:109275. [PMID: 35077873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic organic compound that is mainly used in the production of polymer materials polycarbonate and epoxy resin. Widespread use and irregular processing methods have led to BPA being detected globally, raising concerns about its environmental and health effects. This review outlines an overview of the presence and removal of BPA in the environment and consumer products. We also summarized the endocrine-disrupting toxicity of BPA, and the relatively less summarized neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. Human exposure data show that humans have been exposed to low concentrations of BPA for a long time, future research should focus on the long-term exposure and the migration of BPA from consumer products to humans and the possible health risks associated with human exposure to BPA. Exploring economical and effective methods to reduce and remove BPA from the environment is imperative. The development of safe, functional and reproducible BPA analogs and the study of its degradation products can be the focus of subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Miaolian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jing Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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Sánchez-Piñero J, Moreda-Piñeiro J, Moscoso-Pérez C, FernándezGonzález V, Prada-Rodríguez D, López-Mahía P. Development and validation of a multi-pollutant method for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, synthetic musk compounds and plasticizers in atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5). TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2021.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Rebai I, Fernandes JO, Azzouz M, Benmohammed K, Bader G, Benmbarek K, Cunha SC. Urinary bisphenol levels in plastic industry workers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111666. [PMID: 34265347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a known endocrine disruptor compound that is widely applied as a monomer base in polycarbonate plastics and as a binding agent in several epoxy resins. Plastic industry workers have usually heavier and prolonged exposures to BPA. Hence, the present work aims to assess the levels of BPA and their analogs (S, F, B, AF, Z, E, and AP) in 170 urine samples from a cross-sectional study of workers from a plastic industry located in north Constantine (Algeria). This work was complemented with a questionnaire about sexual functions and evaluation of sexual hormone levels. The results showed a stable presence of BPA (average of 3.24 μg/L), accounting for more than 90% of the total BPs. Of the remaining BP analogs, only trace amounts of BPB were detected in three samples (average of 2.73 μg/L). Significant associations with BPA urinary levels were noted with age (p = 0.006), occupational level of exposure (p = 0.023), and years of experience (p = 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iméne Rebai
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Salah Boubnider University 3, Constantine, Algeria; Laboratory of Preventive Medicine for Chronic Diseases, Salah Boubnider University 3, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - José O Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hidrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mohamed Azzouz
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Youcef Benkhedda University I, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Karima Benmohammed
- Laboratory of Preventive Medicine for Chronic Diseases, Salah Boubnider University 3, Constantine, Algeria; Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Salah Boubnider University 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ghania Bader
- Occupational Medicine Department, Local Health Establishment of Hamma Bouziane, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Karima Benmbarek
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Salah Boubnider University 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hidrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Buoso E, Kenda M, Masi M, Linciano P, Galbiati V, Racchi M, Dolenc MS, Corsini E. Effects of Bisphenols on RACK1 Expression and Their Immunological Implications in THP-1 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:743991. [PMID: 34621174 PMCID: PMC8490885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.743991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) has an important role in immune activation, and is regulated through a balance between glucocorticoid and androgen levels. We have previously demonstrated that RACK1 expression can serve as a marker for evaluation of immunotoxic profiles of hormone-active substances, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of three bisphenols (BPA, BPAF, BPS) on RACK1 expression and on the innate immune responses in the THP-1 human promyelocytic cell line, a validated model for this investigation. BPA and BPAF reduced RACK1 promoter transcriptional activity, mRNA expression, and protein levels. However, BPS had the opposite effect. As expected, these results on RACK1 were paralleled by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) production. Since BPA and BPAF induced RACK1 expression in the presence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone, a role of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been considered due to their known estrogenic profile. Therefore, additional molecular effects of BPA and BPAF were unmasked after treatment with different inhibitors of well-known pivotal players of GPER-mediated signaling. BPA exerted its effects on RACK1 via NF-κB, as shown using the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7085 and NF-κB-specific luciferase reporter assay. Conversely, BPAF induced RACK1 up-regulation via androgen receptor (AR) activation, as confirmed by treatment with AR antagonist flutamide. Indeed, a biased agonism profile for BPA and BPAF for GPER was suggested based on their different binding modes revealed by our molecular docking. Altogether, our data suggest that RACK1 could represent an important target of EDCs and serves as a screening tool for their immunotoxic potential. Furthermore, RACK1 can be exploited to unmask multiple molecular interactions of hormone-active substances to better dissect out their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Buoso
- Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maša Kenda
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirco Masi
- Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Pavia, Italy.,Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Università Degli Studi di Milano, Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche ed Ambientali, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Corsini
- Università Degli Studi di Milano, Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche ed Ambientali, Milan, Italy
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11
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Vasiljevic T, Harner T. Bisphenol A and its analogues in outdoor and indoor air: Properties, sources and global levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:148013. [PMID: 34323825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues are high-volume production organic synthetic compounds used in the synthesis of plastics. BPA has been categorized as an endocrine disrupting compound due to its ability to disrupt the hormonal makeup of living organisms. Air and dust are common sources of exposure of BPA for living organisms and most sources are anthropogenic and a result of thermal destruction of BPA containing materials, import and export of recyclable materials (especially e-waste) and fugitive emissions near BPA handling facilities. Current reports on BPA levels in air are limited and focused on effluent and surface water analysis (due to BPA's propensity for environmental distribution to water). BPA's presence in the developing part of the world is of particular concern due to lack of regulations and uncontrolled incinerations of domestic and imported waste. The current review summarizes up-to-date scientific literature on BPA's occurrence in air, alongside physico-chemical and partitioning properties, persistence in air, seasonal variation, consideration of analytical strategies for BPA analysis and toxicological information. Globally reported air concentrations of BPA are included in this report, alongside reports on indoor air concentration of BPA and its analogues. As a special interest, levels of tetrabromobisphenol (TBBPA) are also mentioned. Overall, the highest outdoor air levels of BPA were reported in China (1.1 × 106 pg/m3) near a low-tech e-waste recycling site, while examination of indoor dust revealed the presence of bisphenol analogues used in "BPA-free" products, raising questions about their safety. Due to their low volatility, BPA and its analogues are mainly present in air associated with particles; this has important implications for their persistence in air and the role of particulate matter (especially microplastics) in their transport and deposition. Current understanding of BPA's particle association is limited, hence studying its potential for heterogeneous oxidative transformations is a pressing need required for accurate accounting of potential risk to human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Vasiljevic
- Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada.
| | - Tom Harner
- Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada.
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12
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Moreno-Gómez-Toledano R, Sánchez-Esteban S, Cook A, Mínguez-Moratinos M, Ramírez-Carracedo R, Reventún P, Delgado-Marín M, Bosch RJ, Saura M. Bisphenol A Induces Accelerated Cell Aging in Murine Endothelium. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101429. [PMID: 34680063 PMCID: PMC8533150 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread endocrine disruptor affecting many organs and systems. Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that BPA could induce death due to necroptosis in murine aortic endothelial cells (MAECs). This work aims to evaluate the possible involvement of BPA-induced senescence mechanisms in endothelial cells. The β-Gal assays showed interesting differences in cell senescence at relatively low doses (100 nM and 5 µM). Western blots confirmed that proteins involved in senescence mechanisms, p16 and p21, were overexpressed in the presence of BPA. In addition, the UPR (unfolding protein response) system, which is part of the senescent phenotype, was also explored by Western blot and qPCR, confirming the involvement of the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway (related to pathological processes). The endothelium of mice treated with BPA showed an evident increase in the expression of the proteins p16, p21, and CHOP, confirming the results observed in cells. Our results demonstrate that oxidative stress induced by BPA leads to UPR activation and senescence since pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in BPA-treated cells reduced the percentage of senescent cells prevented the overexpression of proteins related to BPA-induced senescence and reduced the activation of the UPR system. The results suggest that BPA participates actively in accelerated cell aging mechanisms, affecting the vascular endothelium and promoting cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Esteban
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Alberto Cook
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Marta Mínguez-Moratinos
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | | | - Paula Reventún
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - María Delgado-Marín
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Ricardo J. Bosch
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Marta Saura
- Universidad de Alcalá, Systems Biology Department, IRYCIS, 28772 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (R.M.-G.-T.); (S.S.-E.); (A.C.); (M.M.-M.); (P.R.); (M.D.-M.); (R.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Bousoumah R, Leso V, Iavicoli I, Huuskonen P, Viegas S, Porras SP, Santonen T, Frery N, Robert A, Ndaw S. Biomonitoring of occupational exposure to bisphenol A, bisphenol S and bisphenol F: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146905. [PMID: 33865140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are endocrine disrupting chemicals widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and thermal papers. The aim of the review was to identify occupational studies using human biomonitoring (HBM) as a tool for bisphenol exposure assessment and to characterize research gaps on the topic as part of the HBM4EU project. Hence, a systematic literature search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was conducted for articles published between 2000 and 27th March 2020 across three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science). Thirty studies on the occupational HBM of BPA met the inclusion criteria. Regarding BPS and BPF, only 4 and 2 publications were retrieved, respectively. Fifty-seven percent (57%) of the studies selected for BPA were conducted in Asia whereas half of BPS and BPF studies were undertaken in Europe. Studies on BPA in plastic and epoxy resin sectors were infrequent in Europe while Asian data showed higher exposure when the substance is employed as raw material. The main data on BPS were among cashiers while BPF data were available from incinerator workers. Several research gaps have been identified: (i) shortage of HBM studies on occupational exposure, especially to BPS and BPF; (ii) different methodological designs making suitable comparisons between studies difficult; and (iii) only few studies conducted on the industrial applications of bisphenols outside Asia. This review highlights the lack of recent occupational HBM studies on bisphenols and the need for a harmonized approach to acquire reliable data. Considering the increasing replacement of BPA by BPS and BPF, it is of relevance to evaluate the exposure to these substances and the impact of the available risk management measures on workers exposure and possible health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radia Bousoumah
- French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, 54519 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Veruscka Leso
- Department of Public Health (DPH), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health (DPH), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasi Huuskonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - Susana Viegas
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1500-310 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Simo P Porras
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - Tiina Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - Nadine Frery
- Public Health France (SpFrance), 12 rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France
| | - Alain Robert
- French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, 54519 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sophie Ndaw
- French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1 rue du Morvan, 54519 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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14
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Prudencio TM, Swift LM, Guerrelli D, Cooper B, Reilly M, Ciccarelli N, Sheng J, Jaimes R, Posnack NG. Bisphenol S and bisphenol F are less disruptive to cardiac electrophysiology, as compared to bisphenol A. Toxicol Sci 2021; 183:214-226. [PMID: 34240201 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production volume chemical used to manufacture consumer and medical-grade plastic products. Due to its ubiquity, the general population can incur daily environmental exposure to BPA, while heightened exposure has been reported in intensive care patients and industrial workers. Due to health concerns, structural analogues are being explored as replacements for BPA. This study aimed to examine the direct effects of BPA on cardiac electrophysiology compared with recently developed alternatives, including BPS (bisphenol S) and BPF (bisphenol F). Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings were performed on cell lines transfected to express the voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.5), L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Cav1.2), or the rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium channel (hERG). Cardiac electrophysiology parameters were measured using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) and intact, whole rat heart preparations. BPA was the most potent inhibitor of fast/peak (INa-P) and late (INa-L) sodium channel (IC50= 55.3, 23.6 µM, respectively), L-type calcium channel (IC50= 30.8 µM) and hERG channel current (IC50= 127 µM). Inhibitory effects on L-type calcium channels were supported by microelectrode array recordings, which revealed a shortening of the extracellular field potential (akin to QT interval). BPA and BPF exposures slowed atrioventricular (AV) conduction and increased AV node refractoriness in isolated rat heart preparations, in a dose-dependent manner (BPA: +9.2% 0.001 µM, +95.7% 100 µM; BPF: +20.7% 100 µM). BPS did not alter any of the cardiac electrophysiology parameters tested. Results of this study demonstrate that BPA and BPF exert an immediate inhibitory effect on cardiac ion channels, while BPS is markedly less potent. Additional studies are necessary to fully elucidate the safety profile of bisphenol analogues on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas M Prudencio
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Luther M Swift
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Devon Guerrelli
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Blake Cooper
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Marissa Reilly
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nina Ciccarelli
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Rafael Jaimes
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nikki Gillum Posnack
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Children's National Heart Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
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15
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Qie Y, Qin W, Zhao K, Liu C, Zhao L, Guo LH. Environmental Estrogens and Their Biological Effects through GPER Mediated Signal Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116826. [PMID: 33706245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many environmental chemicals have been found to exert estrogenic effects in cells and experimental animals by activating nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptors and estrogen-related receptors. These compounds include bisphenols, pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate flame retardants, phthalates and metalloestrogens. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) exists widely in numerous cells/tissues of human and other vertebrates. A number of studies have demonstrated that GPER plays a vital role in mediating the estrogenic effects of environmental pollutants. Even at very low concentrations, these chemicals may activate GPER pathways, thus affect many aspects of cellular functions including proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis, resulting in cancer progression, cardiovascular disorders, and reproductive dysfunction. This review summarized the environmental occurrence and human exposure levels of these pollutants, and integrated current experimental evidence toward revealing the underlying mechanisms of pollutant-induced cellular dysfunction via GPER. The GPER mediated rapid non-genomic actions play an important role in the process leading to the adverse effects observed in experimental animals and even in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Keda Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Gill S, Kumara VMR. Comparative Neurodevelopment Effects of Bisphenol A and Bisphenol F on Rat Fetal Neural Stem Cell Models. Cells 2021; 10:793. [PMID: 33918242 PMCID: PMC8103521 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered as one of the most extensively synthesized and used chemicals for industrial and consumer products. Previous investigations have established that exposure to BPA has been linked to developmental, reproductive, cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic effects. Several jurisdictions have imposed restrictions and/or have banned the use of BPA in packaging material and other consumer goods. Hence, manufacturers have replaced BPA with its analogues that have a similar chemical structure. Some of these analogues have shown similar endocrine effects as BPA, while others have not been assessed. In this investigation, we compared the neurodevelopmental effects of BPA and its major replacement Bisphenol F (BPF) on rat fetal neural stem cells (rNSCs). rNSCs were exposed to cell-specific differentiation media with non-cytotoxic doses of BPA or BPF at the range of 0.05 M to 100 M concentrations and measured the degree of cell proliferation, differentiation, and morphometric parameters. Both of these compounds increased cell proliferation and impacted the differentiation rates of oligodendrocytes and neurons, in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, there were concentration-dependent decreases in the maturation of oligodendrocytes and neurons, with a concomitant increase in immature oligodendrocytes and neurons. In contrast, neither BPA nor BPF had any overall effect on cellular proliferation or the cytotoxicity of astrocytes. However, there was a concentration-dependent increase in astrocyte differentiation and morphological changes. Morphometric analysis for the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons showed a reduction in the arborization. These data show that fetal rNSCs exposed to either BPA or BPF lead to comparable changes in the cellular differentiation, proliferation, and arborization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santokh Gill
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Tunney’s Pasture, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada;
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Neuregulin 1 (NRG-1) as a Neuronal Active Substance in the Porcine Intrahepatic Nerve Fibers in Physiological Conditions and Under the Influence of Bisphenol a (BPA ). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA ) is a substance commonly used in the production of plastics. Previous studies have described that it shows multidirectional harmful effects on the living organism. It is known that BPA causes liver damage, but knowledge about the roles of intrahepatic nerves in these mechanisms is extremely scanty. On the other hand, the exact roles of some neuronal substances in the nervous structures located in the liver still remain unknown. One of such substance, which is allocated a role in the stimulation of cell survival is neuregulin 1 (NRG-1). The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of NRG-1-like immunoreactive (NRG-1-LI) nerves in the liver in physiological conditions and under the influence of various doses of BPA using routine double immunofluorescence staining. The results (for the first time) show the presence of NRG-1 in the intrahepatic nerves, and co-localization of NGR-1 with neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Moreover, it has been observed that high doses of BPA increase the density of NRG-1-LI intrahepatic nerves and the degree of co-localization of NRG-1 with VIP. These observations suggest that NRG-1 located in intrahepatic nerves may play functions in processes connected with liver damage and/or regeneration under the impact of BPA.
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18
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Kim JJ, Kumar S, Kumar V, Lee YM, Kim YS, Kumar V. Bisphenols as a Legacy Pollutant, and Their Effects on Organ Vulnerability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E112. [PMID: 31877889 PMCID: PMC6982222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenols are widely used in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and thermal paper, which are used in manufacturing items of daily use. Packaged foods and drinks are the main sources of exposure to bisphenols. These chemicals affect humans and animals by disrupting the estrogen, androgen, progesterone, thyroid, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor functions. Bisphenols exert numerous harmful effects because of their interaction with receptors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell signal alterations. Both cohort and case-control studies have determined an association between bisphenol exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, reproductive abnormalities, obesity, and diabetes. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols results in developmental disorders in animals. These chemicals also affect the immune cells and play a significant role in initiating the inflammatory response. Exposure to bisphenols exhibit age, gender, and dose-dependent effects. Even at low concentrations, bisphenols exert toxicity, and hence deserve a critical assessment of their uses. Since bisphenols have a global influence on human health, the need to discover the underlying pathways involved in all disease conditions is essential. Furthermore, it is important to promote the use of alternatives for bisphenols, thereby restricting their uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Surendra Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 758307, Vietnam;
| | - Yun-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - You-Sam Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
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Hines CJ, Christianson AL, Jackson MV, Ye X, Pretty JR, Arnold JE, Calafat AM. An Evaluation of the Relationship among Urine, Air, and Hand Measures of Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) in US Manufacturing Workers. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:840-851. [PMID: 29905773 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) can be assessed using external and internal exposure measures. We examined the relationship between two measures of external BPA exposure (air and hand-wipe samples) and one of internal exposure (total BPA in urine) for a group of US manufacturing workers. Methods During 2013-2014, we recruited 78 workers from six US companies that made BPA or made products with BPA. We quantified BPA in seven urine samples, two full-shift air samples and in pre- and end-shift hand-wipe samples collected from workers over 2 consecutive days. We examined correlations between creatinine-corrected urinary concentrations of total BPA (total BPACR) and BPA levels in air and hand wipes using Pearson's correlation coefficient. We also applied mixed-effects regression models to examine the relationship between total BPACR with BPA in air (urine~air model) and with BPA in end-shift hand wipes (urine~hand model), separately and together (urine~air+hand model), after adjusting for covariates. Results End-shift total BPACR strongly correlated with BPA in air (rp = 0.79, P < 0.0001) and nearly as strongly with BPA in end-shift hand wipes (rp = 0.75, P < 0.0001). In mixed-effect models, BPA air concentration and end-shift hand-wipe BPA level were significantly and positively associated with end-shift total BPACR (P < 0.0001 each). We found a significant effect of the Day 1 BPA air concentration on Day 2 total BPACR (P = 0.0104). When BPA air concentration and end-shift hand-wipe BPA level were in the same model, the air concentration (P < 0.0001) was more significant than the hand-wipe level (P = 0.0106). Conclusion BPA levels in air and end-shift hand wipes strongly correlated with total BPACR, suggesting that both inhalation and dermal contract were likely exposure routes; however, inhalation, on average, appeared to be a more dominant exposure route than dermal contact for these manufacturing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J Hines
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Annette L Christianson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew V Jackson
- URS Professional Solutions/RCS Corporation, S. Centennial Ave., Aiken, SC USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ye
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Buford Hwy. Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Jack R Pretty
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James E Arnold
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Buford Hwy. Atlanta, GA USA
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Peng CY, Tsai EM, Kao TH, Lai TC, Liang SS, Chiu CC, Wang TN. Canned food intake and urinary bisphenol a concentrations: a randomized crossover intervention study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27999-28009. [PMID: 31352597 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor. To evaluate the effect of canned food consumption on internal BPA dose, urinary BPA concentrations were measured before and after intake of canned foods. This study applied a randomized crossover design, recruited 20 healthy volunteers, and divided them into two groups. One group consumed canned food; the other group consumed fresh food. After a 1-day washout, the dietary interventions were reversed. In each period, urine samples were collected immediately before meals and then 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after meals. A mixed-effects model was used to assess BPA changes over time. Our results showed urinary BPA concentrations increased after consumption of canned food. Specifically, urinary BPA concentrations significantly differed between consumption of canned food and fresh food at 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after intake (p values of 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively). Mean BPA concentrations at 2 h, 4 h, and 6 h after meals were 152%, 206%, and 79% higher, respectively, than mean BPA concentrations before meals. Urine concentration profiles of canned food intake showed that peaks were at 4 h, the increase diminished at 6 h, and returned to baseline levels at 24 h after intake. Therefore, dietary intervention and a 1-day washout period are effective for limiting internal BPA burden. This study provides convincing evidence of a human exposure route to BPA and a basis for designing interventions to mitigate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yu Peng
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center for Resources, Research and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Hsiung Kao
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Cheng Lai
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Center for Resources, Research and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Nai Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Meng Z, Zhu W, Wang D, Li R, Jia M, Yan S, Yan J, Zhou Z. 1H NMR-based serum metabolomics analysis of the age-related metabolic effects of perinatal exposure to BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF in female mice offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5804-5813. [PMID: 30613871 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of bisphenols (BPs) in the industry has made them ubiquitous in the environment, causing potential environmental risks. Its unknown impacts on human being have received more and more attention. In this study, we have assessed the metabolic effects of perinatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitutes (bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF)) in female mice adolescent offspring and female mice adulthood offspring. 1H NMR-based serum metabolomics showed that metabolic profiles were disturbed with BPA and its three substitutes exposure in female mice adolescent offspring and female mice adulthood offspring. In addition, age-related metabolic effects were found based on changes in serum endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways. Specifically, metabolic pathway analysis showed that major disturbed metabolic pathways in female mice adulthood offspring compare with female mice adolescent offspring also changed significantly. With the increase of age of the female mice offspring, changes in the metabolic pathways became more obvious in the BPA treatment group. Conversely, partially disturbed metabolic pathways were restored in the BPS, BPF, and BPAF treatment groups. In conclusion, perinatal exposure to BPA and its three substitutes significantly interferes with metabolic profiles and metabolic pathways, and this metabolic effects were age-related. These results offer more detailed information about the age-related metabolic effects of perinatal exposure to BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF in female mice offspring and provide data for systematic evaluation of the health risk assessment of BPA and its substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- , Yuanmingyuan west road 2, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Rani M, Shanker U. Insight in to the degradation of bisphenol A by doped ZnO@ZnHCF nanocubes: High photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 530:16-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Occupational Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA): A Reality That Still Needs to Be Unveiled. TOXICS 2017; 5:toxics5030022. [PMID: 29051454 PMCID: PMC5634705 DOI: 10.3390/toxics5030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, is one of the most utilized industrial chemicals worldwide, with the ability to interfere with/or mimic estrogenic hormones with associated biological responses. Environmental human exposure to this endocrine disruptor, mostly through oral intake, is considered a generalized phenomenon, particularly in developed countries. However, in the context of occupational exposure, non-dietary exposure sources (e.g., air and contact) cannot be underestimated. Here, we performed a review of the literature on BPA occupational exposure and associated health effects. Relevantly, the authors only identified 19 studies from 2009 to 2017 that demonstrate that occupationally exposed individuals have significantly higher detected BPA levels than environmentally exposed populations and that the detection rate of serum BPA increases in relation to the time of exposure. However, only 12 studies performed in China have correlated potential health effects with detected BPA levels, and shown that BPA-exposed male workers are at greater risk of male sexual dysfunction across all domains of sexual function; also, endocrine disruption, alterations to epigenetic marks (DNA methylation) and epidemiological evidence have shown significant effects on the offspring of parents exposed to BPA during pregnancy. This overview raises awareness of the dramatic and consistent increase in the production and exposure of BPA and creates urgency to assess the actual exposure of workers to this xenoestrogen and to evaluate potential associated adverse health effects.
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Higher urinary bisphenol A concentration and excessive iodine intake are associated with nodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170678. [PMID: 28684549 PMCID: PMC5529210 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether bisphenol A (BPA) levels and excessive iodine intake were associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and nodular goiter (NG). We determined total BPA concentrations (TBC) in paired serum and urine samples, and urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) in urine samples collected from PTC patients, NG patients, and healthy individuals, then compared BPA concentrations and UIC within and between each patient group. The results showed that there were no gender-specific differences in serum TBC and UIC in each group, and no differences across all patient groups. Urinary BPA concentrations (UBC) were higher in the NG and PTC groups compared with the control group. UBC showed gender-specific differences in the NG and PTC group. Furthermore, UIC were higher in the NG and PTC groups compared with the control group. Higher UBC and excessive iodine intake were risk factors for NG and PTC according to multivariate logistic regression analysis. There was a significant correlation between UBC and UIC in each group. These data suggested that higher UBC and excessive iodine intake are associated with NG and PTC. The metabolic and functional pathways between BPA and iodine are potentially linked to the pathogenesis and progression of NG and PTC.
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Hines CJ, Jackson MV, Deddens JA, Clark JC, Ye X, Christianson AL, Meadows JW, Calafat AM. Urinary Bisphenol A (BPA) Concentrations among Workers in Industries that Manufacture and Use BPA in the USA. Ann Work Expo Health 2017; 61:164-182. [PMID: 28395354 PMCID: PMC5577557 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphenol A (BPA) toxicity and exposure risk to humans has been the subject of considerable scientific debate; however, published occupational exposure data for BPA are limited. Methods In 2013-2014, 77 workers at six US companies making BPA, BPA-based resins, or BPA-filled wax provided seven urine samples over two consecutive work days (151 worker-days, 525 samples). Participant information included industry, job, tasks, personal protective equipment used, hygiene behaviors, and canned food/beverage consumption. Total (free plus conjugated) BPA, quantified in urine by mass spectrometry, was detected in all samples. Results The geometric mean (GM) creatinine-adjusted total BPA (total BPACR) concentration was 88.0 µg g-1 (range 0.78-18900 µg g-1), ~70 times higher than in US adults in 2013-2014 (1.27 µg g-1). GM total BPACR increased during Day 1 (26.6-127 µg g-1), decreased by pre-shift Day 2 (84.4 µg g-1) then increased during Day 2 to 178 µg g-1. By industry, baseline and post-baseline total BPACR was highest in BPA-filled wax manufacturing/reclaim (GM = 111 µg g-1) and lowest in phenolic resin manufacturing (GM = 6.56 µg g-1). By job, total BPACR was highest at baseline in maintenance workers (GM = 157 µg g-1) and post-baseline in those working with molten BPA-filled wax (GM = 441 µg g-1). Workers in the job of flaking a BPA-based resin had the lowest concentrations at baseline (GM = 4.81 µg g-1) and post-baseline (GM = 23.2 µg g-1). In multiple regression models, at baseline, industry significantly predicted increased total BPACR (P = 0.0248); post-baseline, handling BPA containers (P = 0.0035), taking ≥3 process/bulk samples with BPA (P = 0.0002) and wearing a Tyvek® coverall (P = 0.0042) significantly predicted increased total BPACR (after adjusting for total BPACR at baseline, time point, and body mass index). Conclusion Several work-related factors, including industry, job, and certain tasks performed, were associated with increased urinary total BPACR concentrations in this group of manufacturing workers. The potential for BPA-related health effects among these workers is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia J Hines
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Matthew V Jackson
- URS Professional Solutions/RCS Corporation, 2131 S. Centennial Ave, Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - James A Deddens
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - John C Clark
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ye
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. MS F17, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Annette L Christianson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Juliana W Meadows
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave, R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. MS F17, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Li Y, Yu H, Li P, Bian Y. Assessment the Exposure Level of Rare Earth Elements in Workers Producing Cerium, Lanthanum Oxide Ultrafine and Nanoparticles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:298-305. [PMID: 27394918 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess occupational exposure level of 15 rare earth elements (REEs) and identify the associated influence, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on closed-vessel microwave-assisted wet digestion procedure to determinate the concentration of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu in urinary samples obtained from workers producing ultrafine and nanoparticles containing cerium and lanthanum oxide. The results suggest that La and Ce were the primary component, together accounting for 97 % of total REEs in workers. The urinary levels of La, and Ce among the workers (6.36, 15.32 μg.g-1 creatinine, respectively) were significantly enriched compared to those levels measured in the control subjects (1.52, 4.04 μg.g-1 creatinine, respectively) (p < 0.05). This study simultaneously identified the associated individual factors, the results indicate that the concentrations in over 5 years group (11.64 ± 10.93 for La, 27.83 ± 24.38 for Ce) were significantly elevated compared to 1-5 years group (2.58 ± 1.51 for La, 6.87 ± 3.90 for Ce) (p < 0.05). Compared the urinary levels of La and Ce at the separation and packaging locations (9.10 ± 9.51 for La, 22.29 ± 21.01 for Ce) with the other locations (2.85 ± 0.98 for La, 6.37 ± 2.12 for Ce), the results show urinary concentrations were significantly higher in workers at separation and packaging locations (p < 0.01). Inter-individual variation in levels of La and Ce in urine is the result of multi-factorial comprehensive action. Further researches should focus on the multiple factors contributing to the REEs levels of the occupationally exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Shanghai Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (SIOSH), Shanghai, 200041, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Ying Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira Taipa, Macau, 999078, China.
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Direct Quantification of Rare Earth Elements Concentrations in Urine of Workers Manufacturing Cerium, Lanthanum Oxide Ultrafine and Nanoparticles by a Developed and Validated ICP-MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030350. [PMID: 27011194 PMCID: PMC4809013 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) have undergone a steady spread in several industrial, agriculture and medical applications. With the aim of exploring a sensitive and reliable indicator of estimating exposure level to REEs, a simple, accurate and specific ICP-MS method for simultaneous direct quantification of 15 REEs (89Y, 139La, 140Ce, 141Pr, 146Nd, 147Sm, 153Eu, 157Gd, 159Tb, 163Dy, 165Ho, 166Er, 169Tm, 172Yb and 175Lu) in human urine has been developed and validated. The method showed good linearity for all REEs in human urine in the concentrations ranging from 0.001–1.000 μg∙L−1 with r2 > 0.997. The limits of detection and quantification for this method were in the range of 0.009–0.010 μg∙L−1 and 0.029–0.037 μg∙L−1, the recoveries on spiked samples of the 15 REEs ranged from 93.3% to 103.0% and the relative percentage differences were less than 6.2% in duplicate samples, and the intra- and inter-day variations of the analysis were less than 1.28% and less than 0.85% for all REEs, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of 15 REEs in 31 urine samples obtained from the control subjects and the workers engaged in work with manufacturing of ultrafine and nanoparticles containing cerium and lanthanum oxide. The results suggested that only the urinary levels of La (1.234 ± 0.626 μg∙L−1), Ce (1.492 ± 0.995 μg∙L−1), Nd (0.014 ± 0.009 μg∙L−1) and Gd (0.023 ± 0.010 μg∙L−1) among the exposed workers were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the levels measured in the control subjects. From these, La and Ce were the primary components, and accounted for 88% of the total REEs. Lanthanum comprised 27% of the total REEs while Ce made up the majority of REE content at 61%. The remaining elements only made up 1% each, with the exception of Dy which was not detected. Comparison with the previously published data, the levels of urinary La and Ce in workers and the control subjects show a higher trend than previous reports.
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Paper-based microfluidic device for bisphenol A based chemical reaction and image analysis. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-016-0104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ponniah M, Billett EE, De Girolamo LA. Bisphenol A increases BeWo trophoblast survival in stress-induced paradigms through regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1693-703. [PMID: 26247420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous in the environment and is reported to be present at high concentrations in placental tissue, where its presence raises concerns over its potential to disrupt placental function. This report investigates how BPA interferes with the survival of human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells (a model of placental trophoblasts) under stress-induced paradigms reminiscent of pathways activated in placental development. These include conditions that promote oxidative stress (glutathione depletion) and apoptosis (serum withdrawal) or mimic hypoxia (HIF-1α accumulation via dimethyloxalylglycine treatment). Treatment of BeWo cells with BPA during stress-induced paradigms led to a consistent and significant increase in cell viability, with a concomitant increase in glutathione levels and a reduction in apoptosis. Assessment of the antioxidant capacity of BPA revealed its ability to quench reactive oxygen species and reduce the levels generated during glutathione and serum depletion. BPA was also able to reduce the activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) through mediation of its activators, nuclear factor erythroid related factor family members (Nrf's). Indeed, the expression and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 (an important ARE activator) were impaired by BPA, while Nrf1 and Nrf3 expression levels were increased. Furthermore, BPA increased the levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Hsp70) and decreased HIF-1α levels during stress-induced conditions. Together, these results indicate that BPA inhibits trophoblast cell death under conditions of cellular stress. This could have implications on placental trophoblasts during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralitharan Ponniah
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - E Ellen Billett
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Luigi A De Girolamo
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
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Corrales J, Kristofco LA, Steele WB, Yates BS, Breed CS, Williams ES, Brooks BW. Global Assessment of Bisphenol A in the Environment: Review and Analysis of Its Occurrence and Bioaccumulation. Dose Response 2015; 13:1559325815598308. [PMID: 26674671 PMCID: PMC4674187 DOI: 10.1177/1559325815598308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Because bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical, we examined over 500 peer-reviewed studies to understand its global distribution in effluent discharges, surface waters, sewage sludge, biosolids, sediments, soils, air, wildlife, and humans. Bisphenol A was largely reported from urban ecosystems in Asia, Europe, and North America; unfortunately, information was lacking from large geographic areas, megacities, and developing countries. When sufficient data were available, probabilistic hazard assessments were performed to understand global environmental quality concerns. Exceedances of Canadian Predicted No Effect Concentrations for aquatic life were >50% for effluents in Asia, Europe, and North America but as high as 80% for surface water reports from Asia. Similarly, maximum concentrations of BPA in sediments from Asia were higher than Europe. Concentrations of BPA in wildlife, mostly for fish, ranged from 0.2 to 13 000 ng/g. We observed 60% and 40% exceedences of median levels by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in Europe and Asia, respectively. These findings highlight the utility of coordinating global sensing of environmental contaminants efforts through integration of environmental monitoring and specimen banking to identify regions for implementation of more robust environmental assessment and management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Corrales
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A. Kristofco
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - W. Baylor Steele
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Brian S. Yates
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Christopher S. Breed
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - E. Spencer Williams
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W. Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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Bisphenol A and its analogs induce morphological and biochemical alterations in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (in vitro study). Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1464-72. [PMID: 26028149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the cellular effects of bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) on cells, and no study has been conducted to analyze the mechanism of action of bisphenols in blood cells. In this study, the effect of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), BPS and BPAF on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analyzed. It was shown that BPA, BPF and BPAF in particular, decreased cell viability, which was associated with depletion of intracellular ATP level and alterations in PBMCs size and granulation. Bisphenols enhanced ROS (including OH˙) formation, which led to damage to lipids and proteins in PBMCs. The most significant alterations in ROS level were induced by BPF, and particularly BPAF. Moreover, it was shown that BPAF most strongly provoked lipid peroxidation, while BPA and BPS caused the greatest damage to proteins. It may be concluded that BPA and its analogs were capable of inducing oxidative stress and damage in PBMCs in the concentrations ranging from 0.06 to 0.5 μM (0.02-0.1 μg/ml), which may be present in human blood as a result of environmental exposure. Although, most of bisphenols studied decreased cell viability, size and ATP level at higher concentrations, BPAF exhibited its cytotoxic potential at low concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 3 μM (0.1-1.0 μg/ml) that may correspond to concentrations in humans following occupational exposure.
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Liu X, Miao M, Zhou Z, Gao E, Chen J, Wang J, Sun F, Yuan W, Li DK. Exposure to bisphenol-A and reproductive hormones among male adults. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:934-941. [PMID: 25818109 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected human endocrine disruptor which is widely used. METHODS In order to determine whether urine BPA level is associated with serum reproductive hormone levels among male adults, we carried out a cross-sectional study in China. We recruited 592 male workers and collected their urine samples for BPA measurement. We also collected blood samples and examined serum reproductive hormones. We used multiple linear regression and log-binomial model to examine associations between urine BPA level and hormone levels after controlling for age and smoking status. RESULTS An increased urine BPA level was associated with increased prolactin (p<0.001), estradiol (p<0.001), sex hormone-binding globulin level (p=0.001), and a reduced androstenedione (p<0.001) and free androgen index level (p=0.021). Males, whose urine BPA level was in the 2nd, 3rd and highest quartiles, had respectively 1.58, 1.33 and 3.09-fold increased prevalence of having a high prolactin level (>P75 level). The highest quartile of BPA level was associated with 1.63 and 1.50-fold increased prevalence of having a high estradiol and elevated sex hormone-binding globulin level. Males with higher quartile of BPA level had a lower inhibin B level. CONCLUSION High BPA exposure is associated with increased prolactin, estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin level in males, and may contribute to male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Liu
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, WHO Collaborating Center for Occupational Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ersheng Gao
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fei Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Science, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China.
| | - De-Kun Li
- Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA, USA; Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Ribeiro-Varandas E, Pereira HS, Monteiro S, Neves E, Brito L, Boavida Ferreira R, Viegas W, Delgado M. Bisphenol A disrupts transcription and decreases viability in aging vascular endothelial cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15791-805. [PMID: 25207595 PMCID: PMC4200871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely utilized endocrine disruptor capable of mimicking endogenous hormones, employed in the manufacture of numerous consumer products, thereby interfering with physiological cellular functions. Recent research has shown that BPA alters epigenetic cellular mechanisms in mammals and may be correlated to enhanced cellular senescence. Here, the effects of BPA at 10 ng/mL and 1 µg/mL, concentrations found in human samples, were analyzed on HT29 human colon adenocarcinona cell line and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) transcriptional analysis of the Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1) retroelement showed that BPA induces global transcription deregulation in both cell lines, although with more pronounced effects in HUVEC cells. Whereas there was an increase in global transcription in HT29 exclusively after 24 h of exposure, this chemical had prolonged effects on HUVEC. Immunoblotting revealed that this was not accompanied by alterations in the overall content of H3K9me2 and H3K4me3 epigenetic marks. Importantly, cell viability assays and transcriptional analysis indicated that prolonged BPA exposure affects aging processes in senescent HUVEC. To our knowledge this is the first report that BPA interferes with senescence in primary vascular endothelial cells, therefore, suggesting its association to the etiology of age-related human pathologies, such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ribeiro-Varandas
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - H. Sofia Pereira
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Sara Monteiro
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Elsa Neves
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Jean Piaget do Litoral Alentejano (ESTGJPLA), Instituto Piaget, Campus Académico de Santo André, Ap. 38, 7500-999 Vila Nova de Santo André, Portugal
| | - Luísa Brito
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Wanda Viegas
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Margarida Delgado
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +351-213-653-100 (ext. 3281); Fax: +351-213-653-195
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Bisphenol A exposure via thermal paper receipts. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:413-20. [PMID: 25175590 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has one of the highest production volumes of all chemicals worldwide. It has been widely studied because of its endocrine modulating activity. In addition to dietary intake, absorption of BPA via the skin from handling thermal papers is believed to be a relevant route of exposure. We studied BPA exposure via thermal paper receipts in simulation experiments performed by three volunteers, and examined urinary excretion of BPA. We also evaluated background BPA excretion among the Finnish working-age population. The geometric mean BPA excretion among non-occupationally exposed working-age Finns (n=121) was 2.6 μg/l, the range being 0.8-18.9 μg/l. The 95th percentile of the non-occupationally exposed people was 8 μg/l, and this was set as the reference limit for the non-occupationally exposed population. In the first simulation experiment, which was conducted under conditions representing the most likely exposure, i.e., the work of a cashier in a supermarket, BPA excretion remained below the reference limit in all participants. In the second simulation experiment, with more intensive, short-time handling of thermal paper (three times 5 min), urinary excretion also remained at or below background levels (highest value being 10.3 μg/l). The calculated maximum BPA excretion per day after handling thermal paper was less than 0.2 μg/kg of body weight, suggesting a total daily intake over 25 times lower than the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA's) proposal for a temporary tolerable daily intake (temporary TDI) (5 μg/kg/day).
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Michałowicz J. Bisphenol A--sources, toxicity and biotransformation. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:738-58. [PMID: 24632011 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound used in massive amounts in the production of synthetic polymers and thermal paper. In this review, the sources of BPA, which influence its occurrence in the environment and human surrounding will be presented. Data concerning BPA occurrence in food, water and indoor environments as well as its appearance in tissues and body fluids of human body will be shown. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies and the results of epidemiological surveys showing toxic, endocrine, mutagenic and cancerogenic action of BPA will also be discussed. Moreover, data suggesting that exposure of human to BPA may elevate risk of obesity, diabetes and coronary heart diseases will be presented. Finally, biotransformation of BPA in animals, plants and microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae), resulting in the formation of various metabolites that exhibit different from BPA toxicity will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Michałowicz
- Department of Environmental Pollution Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143St., 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
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Kovanecz I, Gelfand R, Masouminia M, Gharib S, Segura D, Vernet D, Rajfer J, Li DK, Kannan K, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Oral Bisphenol A (BPA) given to rats at moderate doses is associated with erectile dysfunction, cavernosal lipofibrosis and alterations of global gene transcription. Int J Impot Res 2014; 26:67-75. [PMID: 24305612 PMCID: PMC4098849 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2013.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a suspected reproductive biohazard and endocrine disruptor, released from plastics is associated with ED in occupationally exposed workers. However, in rats, despite the induction of hypogonadism, apoptosis of the penile corporal smooth muscle (SM), fat infiltration into the cavernosal tissue and changes in global gene expression with the intraperitoneal administration of high dose BPA, ED was not observed. We investigated whether BPA administered orally rather than intraperitoneally to rats for longer periods and lower doses will lead to ED. Main outcome measures are ED, histological, and biochemical markers in rat penile tissues. In all, 2.5-month-old rats were given drinking water daily without and with BPA at 1 and 0.1 mg kg(-1) per day. Two months later, erectile function was determined by cavernosometry and electrical field stimulation (EFS) and serum levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and BPA were measured. Penile tissue sections were assayed by Masson (SM/collagen), Oil Red O (fat), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) (apoptosis), immunohistochemistry for Oct4 (stem cells), and α-SM actin/calponin (SM and myofibroblasts), applying quantitative image analysis. Other markers were assayed by western blotting. DNA microarrays/microRNA (miR) assays defined transcription profiles. Orally administered BPA did not affect body weight, but (1) decreased serum T and E2; (2) reduced the EFS response and increased the drop rate; (3) increased within the corporal tissue the presence of fat, myofibroblasts and apoptosis; (4) lowered the contents of SM and stem cells, but not nerve terminals; and (5) caused alterations in the transcriptional profiles for both mRNA and miRs within the penile shaft. Long-term exposure of rats to oral BPA caused a moderate corporal veno-occlusive dysfunction (CVOD), possibly due to alterations within the corporal tissue that pose gene transcriptional changes related to inflammation, fibrosis and epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kovanecz
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - R Gelfand
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA
| | - M Masouminia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
| | - S Gharib
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
| | - D Segura
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
| | - D Vernet
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J Rajfer
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - DK Li
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente
| | - K Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY
| | - NF Gonzalez-Cadavid
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA
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Manfo FPT, Jubendradass R, Nantia EA, Moundipa PF, Mathur PP. Adverse effects of bisphenol A on male reproductive function. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 228:57-82. [PMID: 24162092 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-01619-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BPA is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, resulting mainly from manufacturing,use or disposal of plastics of which it is a component, and the degradation of industrial plastic-related wastes. Growing evidence from research on laboratory animals, wildlife, and humans supports the view that BPA produces an endocrine disrupting effect and adversely affects male reproductive function. To better understand the adverse effects caused by exposure to BPA, we performed an up-to-date literature review on the topic, with particular emphasis on in utero exposure, and associated effects on spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and accessory organs.BPA studies on experimental animals show that effects are generally more detrimental during in utero exposure, a critical developmental stage for the embryo. BPA has been found to produce several defects in the embryo, such as feminization of male fetuses, atrophy of the testes and epididymides, increased prostate size, shortening of AGD, disruption of BTB, and alteration of adult sperm parameters (e.g.,sperm count, motility, and density). BPA also affects embryo thyroid development.During the postnatal and pubertal periods and adulthood, BPA affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis by modulating hormone (e.g., LH and FSH,androgen and estrogen) synthesis, expression and function of respective receptors(ER, AR). These effects alter sperm parameters. BPA also induces oxidative stress in the testis and epididymis, by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes and stimulating lipid peroxidation. This suggests that employing antioxidants may be a promising strategy to relieve BPA-induced disturbances.Epidemiological studies have also provided data indicating that BPA alters male reproductive function in humans. These investigations revealed that men occupationally exposed to BPA had high blood/urinary BPA levels, and abnormal semen parameters. BPA-exposed men also showed reduced libido and erectile ejaculatory difficulties; moreover, the overall BPA effects on male reproduction appear to be more harmful if exposure occurs in utero. The regulation of BPA and BPA-related products should be reinforced, particularly where exposure during the fetal period can occur. The current TDI for BPA is proposed as 25 and 50 1-1g/kg bwt/day (European Food Safety Authority and Health Canada, respectively). Based on the evidence available, we believe that a TDI value of 5 1-1g/kg bwt/day is more appropriate (the endpoint is modulation of rat testicular function). Certain BPA derivatives are being considered as alternatives to BPA. However, certain of these related products display adverse effects that are similar to those of BPA. These effects should be carefully considered before using them as final alternatives to BPA in plastic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustin Pascal Tsagué Manfo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, 63, Buea, Cameroon
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Kovanecz I, Gelfand R, Masouminia M, Gharib S, Segura D, Vernet D, Rajfer J, Li DK, Liao CY, Kannan K, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Chronic high dose intraperitoneal bisphenol A (BPA) induces substantial histological and gene expression alterations in rat penile tissue without impairing erectile function. J Sex Med 2013; 10:2952-66. [PMID: 24134786 PMCID: PMC4038545 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphenol A (BPA), released from plastics and dental sealants, is a suspected endocrine disruptor and reproductive toxicant. In occupationally exposed workers, BPA has been associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). AIMS To determine whether long-term exposure to high doses of BPA in the rat affects serum levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), and induces corporal histopathology and resultant ED. METHODS Young rats were injected intraperitoneal (IP) injection daily with BPA at 25 mg/kg/day or vehicle (n = 8/group). Erectile function was measured at 3 months by cavernosometry and electrical field stimulation (EFS). BPA was assayed in serum, urine, and penile tissue, and serum T and E2 were determined. Quantitative Masson trichrome, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, Oil Red O, immunohistochemistry for calponin, α-smooth muscle actin, and Oct 4 were applied to penile tissue sections. Protein markers were assessed by Western blots and 2-D minigels, and RNA by DNA microarrays. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Erectile function, histological, and biochemical markers in corporal tissue. RESULTS In the BPA-treated rats, total and free BPA levels were increased in the serum, urine, and penile tissue while serum T and E2 levels were reduced. In addition, the corpora cavernosa demonstrated a reduction in smooth muscle (SM) content, SM/collagen ratio, together with an increase in myofibroblasts, fat deposits, and apoptosis, but no significant change in collagen content or stem cells (nuclear/perinuclear Oct 4). In the penile shaft, BPA induced a downregulation of Nanog (stem cells), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nitrergic terminals), and vascular endothelial growth factor (angiogenesis), with genes related to SM tone and cytoskeleton upregulated 5- to 50-fold, accompanied by changes in the multiple protein profile. However, both cavernosometry and EFS were unaltered by BPA. CONCLUSIONS While rats treated chronically with a high IP dose of BPA developed hypogonadism and a corporal histo- and molecular-pathology usually associated with ED, no changes were detected in erectile function as measured by EFS and cavernosometry. Further studies using alternate routes of BPA administration with various doses and length of exposure are needed to expand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Kovanecz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Gelfand
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Masouminia
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sahir Gharib
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Denesse Segura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Dolores Vernet
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jacob Rajfer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - De-Kun Li
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA, USA
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chun Yang Liao
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Nestor F. Gonzalez-Cadavid
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Urine bisphenol-A level in relation to obesity and overweight in school-age children. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65399. [PMID: 23776476 PMCID: PMC3680397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a potential endocrine disruptor impacting metabolic processes and increasing the risk of obesity. To determine whether urine BPA level is associated with overweight/obesity in school-age children, we examined 1,326 students in grades 4–12 from three schools (one elementary, one middle, and one high school) in Shanghai. More than 98% of eligible students participated. Total urine BPA concentration was measured and anthropometric measures were taken by trained research staff. Information on risk factors for childhood obesity was collected for potential confounders. Age- and gender-specific weight greater than 90th percentile of the underlying population was the outcome measure. After adjustment for potential confounders, a higher urine BPA level (≥2 µg/L), at the level corresponding to the median urine BPA level in the U.S. population, was associated with more than two-fold increased risk of having weight >90th percentile among girls aged 9–12 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.15–4.65). The association showed a dose-response relationship with increasing urine BPA level associated with further increased risk of overweight (p = 0.006 for trend test). Other anthropometric measures of obesity showed similar results. The same association was not observed among boys. This gender difference of BPA effect was consistent with findings from experimental studies and previous epidemiological studies. Our study suggests that BPA could be a potential new environmental obesogen. Widespread exposure to BPA in the human population may also be contributing to the worldwide obesity epidemic.
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Zhang T, Sun H, Kannan K. Blood and urinary bisphenol A concentrations in children, adults, and pregnant women from china: partitioning between blood and urine and maternal and fetal cord blood. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:4686-94. [PMID: 23506159 DOI: 10.1021/es303808b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Limited information exists on exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) by children, adults, and pregnant women in China. In the present study, we determined BPA concentrations in whole blood collected from 10 children (1-5 years), 40 women (30 pregnant and 10 nonpregnant), and 30 fetuses (i.e., cord blood). Further, to evaluate the relationship between urinary and blood BPA concentrations, paired specimens of blood and urine (n = 50 pairs) were collected from an adult population. BPA was found in 46% of all blood samples analyzed, with a geometric mean (GM) concentration of 0.19 ng/mL. BPA was found in 84% of urine samples from adults, with a GM concentration of 1.01 ng/mL [0.48 μg/g creatinine (Cr)]. Gender and age were not good predictors of blood BPA concentrations. However, we did find that the creatinine-adjusted urinary BPA concentrations in females were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the concentrations found in males and that the blood BPA concentrations in children were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the concentrations found in adults. Among all adults, unadjusted urinary BPA concentrations (i.e., volume-based) were inversely (r = -0.312, p < 0.05) correlated with age when an outlier value (8.70 ng/mL) was excluded from analysis. Concentrations of BPA in urine (creatinine-adjusted) and blood were significantly correlated (r = 0.571, p < 0.01), with concentrations measured in urine approximately an order of magnitude higher than the concentrations found in blood. The mean and GM values for ratios of concentration of BPA between blood and urine were 0.109 and 0.057, respectively. The ratio of mean concentrations of BPA between cord blood and maternal blood was 0.108. On the basis of urinary BPA levels, we estimated the total daily intake (EDI) of BPA by Chinese adults. The mean (range) EDIs of BPA by adult males and females in China were 0.041 (<0.005-0.224) and 0.048 (<0.005-0.151) ug/kg bw/day, respectively. The pregnant women who underwent intravenous drug administration immediately before delivery had significantly higher concentrations of BPA in their blood than did those who did not receive intravenous drug administration. This is the first study to document the occurrence of and human exposure to BPA by pregnant women and fetuses from China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Serum bisphenol-A concentration and sex hormone levels in men. Fertil Steril 2013; 100:478-82. [PMID: 23651625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between serum bisphenol-A (BPA) concentration and sex hormone levels in men. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) A total of 290 men with or without BPA exposure in the workplace. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum sex hormone levels. RESULT(S) After adjustment for potential confounders using linear regression, increasing serum BPA concentration was statistically significantly associated with [1] decreased androstenedione levels, [2] decreased free testosterone levels, [3] decreased free androgen index, and [4] increased sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Comparison of hormone levels between workers exposed and unexposed to BPA showed similar associations. CONCLUSION(S) Exposure to a high BPA level may impact sex hormone levels in men.
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Ribeiro-Varandas E, Viegas W, Sofia Pereira H, Delgado M. Bisphenol A at concentrations found in human serum induces aneugenic effects in endothelial cells. Mutat Res 2012; 751:27-33. [PMID: 23142537 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical to which humans are exposed. Continuous environmental exposure to BPA leads to its detection in the majority of individuals from developed countries, with serum concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10ng/ml in the general population and much higher when associated with occupational exposure. In this work, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human colon adenocarcinona (HT29) cell lines were used to represent endothelial and digestive-tract tissues, which are in direct contact to BPA in vivo. Our results demonstrate that BPA has cell-type differential effects. Notably, BPA concentrations commonly found in humans induce micronucleus formation and interfere with cell-division processes in endothelial cells, resulting in mitotic abnormalities. We also found that BPA induces up-regulation of two genes encoding proteins associated with chromosome segregation, namely CDCA8 (borealin/cell division cycle A8) and SGOL2 (shugoshin-like2). Taken together, the aneugenic effects observed in endothelial cells (HUVECs) substantiate increasing concerns about BPA exposure at levels currently detected in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ribeiro-Varandas
- CBAA-Genetics, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal
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Peretz J, Craig ZR, Flaws JA. Bisphenol A inhibits follicle growth and induces atresia in cultured mouse antral follicles independently of the genomic estrogenic pathway. Biol Reprod 2012; 87:63. [PMID: 22743301 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic chemical used to manufacture many commonly used plastic and epoxy resin-based products. BPA ubiquitously binds to estrogen receptors throughout the body, including estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in the ovary. Few studies have investigated the effects of BPA on ovarian antral follicles. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that BPA alters cell cycle regulators and induces atresia in antral follicles via the genomic estrogenic pathway, inhibiting follicle growth. To test this hypothesis, we isolated antral follicles from 32- to 35-day-old control and Esr1-overexpressing mice and cultured them with vehicle control (dimethylsulfoxide [DMSO]) or BPA (1-100 μg/ml). Additionally, antral follicles were isolated from 32- to 35-day-old FVB mice and cultured with DMSO, BPA (1-100 μg/ml), estradiol (10 nM), ICI 182,780 (ICI; 1 μM), BPA plus ICI, or BPA plus estradiol. Follicles were measured for growth every 24 h for 96-120 h and processed either for analysis of estrogen receptor, cell cycle, and/or atresia factor mRNA expression, or for histological evaluation of atresia. Results indicate that estradiol and ICI do not protect follicles from BPA-induced growth inhibition and that estradiol does not protect follicles from BPA-induced atresia. Furthermore, overexpressing Esr1 does not increase susceptibility of follicles to BPA-induced growth inhibition. Additionally, BPA up-regulates Cdk4, Ccne1, and Trp53 expression, whereas it down-regulates Ccnd2 expression. BPA also up-regulates Bax and Bcl2 expression while inducing atresia in antral follicles. These data indicate that BPA abnormally regulates cell cycle and atresia factors, and this may lead to atresia and inhibited follicle growth independently of the genomic estrogenic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackye Peretz
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Huang YQ, Wong CKC, Zheng JS, Bouwman H, Barra R, Wahlström B, Neretin L, Wong MH. Bisphenol A (BPA) in China: a review of sources, environmental levels, and potential human health impacts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2012; 42:91-9. [PMID: 21596439 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 670] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), identified as an endocrine disruptor, is an industrially important chemical that is used as a raw material in the manufacture of many products such as engineering plastics (e.g., epoxy resins/polycarbonate plastics), food cans (i.e., lacquer coatings), and dental composites/sealants. The demand and production capacity of BPA in China have grown rapidly. This trend will lead to much more BPA contamination in the environmental media and in the general population in China. This paper reviews the current literature concerning the pollution status of BPA in China (the mainland, Hong Kong, and Taiwan) and its potential impact on human health. Due to potential human health risks from long-term exposure to BPA, body burden of the contaminant should be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Huang
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China
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Genuis SJ, Beesoon S, Birkholz D, Lobo RA. Human excretion of bisphenol A: blood, urine, and sweat (BUS) study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 2012:185731. [PMID: 22253637 PMCID: PMC3255175 DOI: 10.1155/2012/185731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is an ubiquitous chemical contaminant that has recently been associated with adverse effects on human health. There is incomplete understanding of BPA toxicokinetics, and there are no established interventions to eliminate this compound from the human body. Using 20 study participants, this study was designed to assess the relative concentration of BPA in three body fluids-blood, urine, and sweat-and to determine whether induced sweating may be a therapeutic intervention with potential to facilitate elimination of this compound. METHODS Blood, urine, and sweat were collected from 20 individuals (10 healthy participants and 10 participants with assorted health problems) and analyzed for various environmental toxicants including BPA. RESULTS BPA was found to differing degrees in each of blood, urine, and sweat. In 16 of 20 participants, BPA was identified in sweat, even in some individuals with no BPA detected in their serum or urine samples. CONCLUSIONS Biomonitoring of BPA through blood and/or urine testing may underestimate the total body burden of this potential toxicant. Sweat analysis should be considered as an additional method for monitoring bioaccumulation of BPA in humans. Induced sweating appears to be a potential method for elimination of BPA.
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Doshi T, Mehta SS, Dighe V, Balasinor N, Vanage G. Hypermethylation of estrogen receptor promoter region in adult testis of rats exposed neonatally to bisphenol A. Toxicology 2011; 289:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Miao M, Yuan W, He Y, Zhou Z, Wang J, Gao E, Li G, Li DK. In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and anogenital distance of male offspring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 91:867-72. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.22845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Anger JP, Kintz P. Le bisphénol A (BPA) : le prochain scandale sanitaire pourra-t-il être évité? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/ata/2011109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xi W, Lee C, Yeung W, Giesy JP, Wong M, Zhang X, Hecker M, Wong CK. Effect of perinatal and postnatal bisphenol A exposure to the regulatory circuits at the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis of CD-1 mice. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 31:409-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Miao M, Yuan W, Zhu G, He X, Li DK. In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and its effect on birth weight of offspring. Reprod Toxicol 2011; 32:64-8. [PMID: 21440056 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To examine the effect of in utero BPA exposure on the birth weight of offspring, a total of 587 children from families in which parent(s) did or did not have occupational exposure to BPA were examined. Their birth weights were obtained by an in-person interview of the mother. Parental BPA exposure level during the index pregnancy was determined through personal air sampling measurements and exposure history. After controlling for potential confounders, parental exposure to BPA in the workplace during pregnancy was associated with decreased birth weight. The association was stronger for maternal exposure which is statistically significant (P=0.02). A dose-response relationship was observed with increased BPA exposure levels in pregnancy associated with greater magnitude of decrease of birth weight in offspring (P=0.003). Our findings provide the new epidemiologic evidence suggesting that in utero exposure to BPA during pregnancy may be associated with decreased birth weight in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Miao
- Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612, United States
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