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Mueller K, Allstrom H, Smith DJ, Downes E, Modly LA. Climate change's implications for practice: Pharmacologic considerations of heat-related illness. Nurse Pract 2024:00006205-990000000-00002. [PMID: 39248594 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Climate change is the greatest threat to global health. As climate change worsens, heat waves will be longer, more intense, and more frequent. Increased health risks from climate change and heat waves include heat-related illness (HRI). HRI increases ED visits, hospitalizations, and mortality. Healthcare providers should be aware of the impact of medications on risk for HRI. This article elucidates signs and symptoms, populations at risk, drugs and mechanisms that increase risk, and patient education to reduce risk.
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Martin JN, Pace TWW. Colonialism as a Social Determinant of Health in Puerto Rico: Using the Socioecological Model to Examine How the Jones Act Impacted Health After Hurricane María. J Transcult Nurs 2024:10436596241274123. [PMID: 39206586 DOI: 10.1177/10436596241274123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States, making Puerto Ricans vulnerable to damaging colonial policy. The purpose of this article is to utilize the socioecological model (SEM) to evaluate how the Jones Act impacted Puerto Rico after Hurricane María, examining colonialist policy as a social determinant of health (SDOH) in Puerto Rico. METHODS Levels of the SEM used in this examination included: individual, institutional, community, policy, and context. RESULTS Evaluation of the Jones Act using the model demonstrated relationships between all socioecological levels. The Jones Act caused delays and increased prices for goods needed to rebuild community utility infrastructure, which led to extended closures of institutions like workplaces, schools, and hospitals, and ultimately contributed to increased acute and chronic physical and mental illness among Puerto Ricans. DISCUSSION This evaluation establishes that colonialist policy negatively impacts the health of Puerto Ricans, positioning colonialism as an SDOH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaddeus W W Pace
- University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, USA
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3
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Shah SH, Ragavan MI. Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Child Health: A Call to Action. Pediatrics 2024; 154:e2024067391. [PMID: 39206497 PMCID: PMC11350094 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2024-067391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini H. Shah
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Region I New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maya I. Ragavan
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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4
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Williamson T, Sugg MM, Singh D, Green S, Runkle JD. Crisis response in Texas youth impacted by Hurricane Harvey: A difference-in-differences analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:215-223. [PMID: 38768821 PMCID: PMC11284573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hurricane Harvey was the second costliest storm to impact the U.S. More research is needed to understand the mental health consequences of these extreme events in children and adolescents extending beyond the acute recovery period. METHODS Daily anonymized Crisis Text Line (CTL) conversations were used to understand patterns in crisis responses for youth one year before and after Harvey's landfall. A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences analysis compared changes in texts for stress/anxiety, depression, thoughts of suicide, and self-harm following Harvey between exposed and unexposed youth in Texas. RESULTS CTL users with Texas-based area codes (N = 23,016) were compriesd largely of youth who self-identified as female (78.1 %), 14-17 year old (50.4 %), white (38.9 %), and LGBTQ+ (51.2 %). We observed parallel increases in crisis texts for depression and thoughts of suicide in most months following Harvey among exposed and unexposed youth. However, non-impacted youth had significantly larger increases in texts for depression up to three months post-Harvey and thoughts of suicide one year after Harvey compared to directly impacted communities. LIMITATIONS Sample size was restricted to texters who completed the post-conversation demographics survey, who may fundamentally differ from those who declined to respond. Harvey exposure was determined using texter area code and county-level disaster declarations, limiting our ability to guarantee individual-level exposure. CONCLUSIONS Texas youth traditionally considered unexposed experienced nearly identical increases in concerns of depression and thoughts of suicide to those directly exposed. Findings suggest spillover effects (e.g., economic concerns, media exposure) may contribute to statewide impacts on youth mental health after natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey Williamson
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801, USA
| | - Margaret M Sugg
- Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28607, USA
| | - Devyani Singh
- Research & Impact Team, Crisis Text Line, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jennifer D Runkle
- North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801, USA.
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5
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Hale RB, Bryant-Moore K, Eichenberger A. Climate Change and Health Risk Perceptions of Arkansas Small Farmers through the Application of the Health Belief Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:955. [PMID: 39063531 PMCID: PMC11277086 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Climate change poses health risks to Arkansas small farmers. Farmers face an increased risk of heat-related illnesses (e.g., heat exhaustion, cerebral vascular accidents, and cardiovascular issues) and work-related injuries, death, and mental health conditions due to climate change. This cross-sectional survey employed the health belief model (HBM) as its theoretical framework. This study aimed to assess the health status of small farmers, climate change beliefs, adaptive agricultural practices, and the perceived effects of climate change on health. Study data were collected using non-probability sampling methods from small farmers (n = 72) with a gross farm income of < USD 250,000. The study findings show that 93% of participants reported good-excellent health, 69% believe the climate is changing and getting warmer, 58.3% believe people are responsible for the changes in our climate, and 75% believe the changing climate impacts farmers. Among the HBM predictive variables, participants reported self-efficacy (50%), perceived susceptibility (48.6%), and perceived severity (43%). Only 16.7% of farmers reported believing they have all the information needed to prepare for climate-related health impacts. This study suggests small farmers have protective factors and adaptive capacity, including health status, income, and education levels, but believe they lack the information necessary to protect their health from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel B Hale
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Keneshia Bryant-Moore
- Department of Health Behavior and Education, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Anna Eichenberger
- STEAD Scholars Program, Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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6
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Arceneaux LS, Gregory KL. Climate change and its impact on asthma. Nurse Pract 2024; 49:25-32. [PMID: 38662493 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Earth's climate is changing at an unprecedented pace, primarily due to anthropogenic causes including greenhouse gas emissions. Evidence shows a strong link between climate change and its effects on asthma. Healthcare professionals must be educated to advocate for and lead effective strategies to reduce the health risks of climate change.
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7
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Tremblay B, Hawkins J. Climate and Health: Impact of Climate Education on Nursing Student Knowledge, Confidence, and Intent to Act. Nurse Educ 2024; 49:85-90. [PMID: 37729104 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because climate change negatively impacts human health, nurses need skills to mitigate climate change and nurse educators need effective educational strategies to teach climate change content in undergraduate nursing programs. To address this need, we embedded an energy efficiency treasure hunt and Climate for Health Ambassador Training into our prelicensure nursing curricula. PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of these educational activities on self-reported knowledge, confidence, and intent to engage in climate action. METHODS A quasi-experimental one-group posttest design examined the effectiveness of 2 educational interventions on increasing knowledge, confidence, and intent to engage in climate action. A convenience sample of prelicensure nursing students completed 2 Likert scale surveys (n = 57, n = 60), with additional open-ended questions. RESULTS Participants reported increased awareness, knowledge, and intent to act on personal and professional climate-related issues. CONCLUSION Our energy efficiency treasure hunt and Climate for Health Ambassador Training were effective educational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Tremblay
- Author Affiliations: Assistant Professor (Dr Tremblay) and Clinical Associate Professor (Dr Hawkins), Old Dominion University School of Nursing, Virginia Beach, Virginia
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Ahdoot S, Baum CR, Cataletto MB, Hogan P, Wu CB, Bernstein A. Climate Change and Children's Health: Building a Healthy Future for Every Child. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023065505. [PMID: 38374808 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-065505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Observed changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, sea level, and extreme weather are destabilizing major determinants of human health. Children are at higher risk of climate-related health burdens than adults because of their unique behavior patterns; developing organ systems and physiology; greater exposure to air, food, and water contaminants per unit of body weight; and dependence on caregivers. Climate change harms children through numerous pathways, including air pollution, heat exposure, floods and hurricanes, food insecurity and nutrition, changing epidemiology of infections, and mental health harms. As the planet continues to warm, climate change's impacts will worsen, threatening to define the health and welfare of children at every stage of their lives. Children who already bear higher burden of disease because of living in low-wealth households and communities, lack of access to high quality education, and experiencing racism and other forms of unjust discrimination bear greater risk of suffering from climate change hazards. Climate change solutions, advanced through collaborative work of pediatricians, health systems, communities, corporations, and governments lead to immediate gains in child health and equity and build a foundation for generations of children to thrive. This technical report reviews the nature of climate change and its associated child health effects and supports the recommendations in the accompanying policy statement on climate change and children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ahdoot
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Carl R Baum
- Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary Bono Cataletto
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Patrick Hogan
- Pediatric Residency Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christina B Wu
- O'Neill Center for Global and National Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Sprague NL, Uong SP, Zonnevylle H, Chatterjee T, Hernández D, Rundle AG, Ekenga CC. The CHANGE (Climate Health ANalysis Grading Evaluation) tool for weight of evidence reviews on climate change and health research. Environ Health 2024; 23:7. [PMID: 38243236 PMCID: PMC10797793 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change has been identified as one of the biggest threats to human health. Despite this claim, there are no standardized tools that assess the rigor of published literature for use in weight of evidence (WOE) reviews. Standardized assessment tools are essential for creating clear and comparable WOE reviews. As such, we developed a standardized tool for evaluating the quality of climate change and health studies focused on evaluating studies that quantify exposure-response relationships and studies that implement and/or evaluate adaptation interventions. METHODS The authors explored systematic-review methodology to enhance transparency and increase efficiency in summarizing and synthesizing findings from studies on climate change and health research. The authors adapted and extended existing WOE methods to develop the CHANGE (Climate Health ANalysis Grading Evaluation) tool. The resulting assessment tool has been refined through application and subsequent team input. RESULTS The CHANGE tool is a two-step standardized tool for systematic review of climate change and health studies of exposure-response relationships and adaptation intervention studies. Step one of the CHANGE tool aims to classify studies included in weight-of-evidence reviews and step two assesses the quality and presence of bias in the climate change and health studies. CONCLUSION The application of the CHANGE tool in WOE reviews of climate change and health will lead to increased comparability, objectivity, and transparency within this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav L Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Stephen P Uong
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hannah Zonnevylle
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Trinish Chatterjee
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Hernández
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christine C Ekenga
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Rousseau C. Climate change and sexual and reproductive health: what implications for future research? Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2232196. [PMID: 37594319 PMCID: PMC10444000 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2232196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rousseau
- PhD candidate, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
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11
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Christofferson RC, Turner EA, Peña-García VH. Identifying Knowledge Gaps through the Systematic Review of Temperature-Driven Variability in the Competence of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus for Chikungunya Virus. Pathogens 2023; 12:1368. [PMID: 38003832 PMCID: PMC10675276 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a well-known effector of several transmission factors of mosquito-borne viruses, including within mosquito dynamics. These dynamics are often characterized by vector competence and the extrinsic incubation period (EIP). Vector competence is the intrinsic ability of a mosquito population to become infected with and transmit a virus, while EIP is the time it takes for the virus to reach the salivary glands and be expectorated following an infectious bloodmeal. Temperatures outside the optimal range act on life traits, decreasing transmission potential, while increasing temperature within the optimal range correlates to increasing vector competence and a decreased EIP. These relatively well-studied effects of other Aedes borne viruses (dengue and Zika) are used to make predictions about transmission efficiency, including the challenges presented by urban heat islands and climate change. However, the knowledge of temperature and chikungunya (CHIKV) dynamics within its two primary vectors-Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus-remains less characterized, even though CHIKV remains a virus of public-health importance. Here, we review the literature and summarize the state of the literature on CHIKV and temperature dependence of vector competence and EIP and use these data to demonstrate how the remaining knowledge gap might confound the ability to adequately predict and, thus, prepare for future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik A. Turner
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
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Beese S, Drumm K, Wells-Yoakum K, Postma J, Graves JM. Flexible Resources Key to Neighborhood Resilience for Children: A Scoping Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1791. [PMID: 38002882 PMCID: PMC10670030 DOI: 10.3390/children10111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhoods have been the focus of health researchers seeking to develop upstream strategies to mitigate downstream disease development. In recent years, neighborhoods have become a primary target in efforts to promote health and resilience following deleterious social conditions such as the climate crisis, extreme weather events, the global pandemic, and supply chain disruptions. Children are often the most vulnerable populations after experiencing unexpected shocks. To examine and describe conceptually the construct of Neighborhood Resilience, we conducted a comprehensive scoping review using the terms ("resilience" or "resiliency" or "resilient") AND ("neighborhood"), utilizing MEDLINE (through PubMed) and CINAHL (through EBSCOhost) databases, to assess overall neighborhood themes that impact resilience. A total of 57 articles were extracted that met inclusion criteria. Extracted characteristics included study purpose, country of origin, key findings, environmental protective/risk factors. The analysis revealed a positive relationship between neighborhood resource density, neighborhood resiliency, and individual resiliency. This study reports the finding for studies with a population focus of pre-school age and school age children (1.5-18 years of age). Broadly, we identified that the primary goals regarding neighborhood resilience for childhood can be conceptualized as all activities and resources that (a) prevent trauma during childhood development and/or (b) mitigate or heal childhood trauma once it has occurred. This goal conceptually encompasses antecedents that increase protective factors and reduces risk factors for children and their families. This comprehensive look at the literature showed that a neighborhood's ability to build, promote, and maintain resiliency is often largely dependent on the flexible resources (i.e., knowledge, money, power, prestige, and beneficial social connections) that are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Beese
- College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS), Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99201, USA; (J.P.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Kailie Drumm
- Nursing Program, Lower Columbia College, Longview, WA 98632, USA;
| | - Kayla Wells-Yoakum
- College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resources Sciences (CAHNRS), Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Julie Postma
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99201, USA; (J.P.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Janessa M. Graves
- College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99201, USA; (J.P.); (J.M.G.)
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Sadrkhanlou M, Maher A, Alimohammadzadeh K, Jafari M, Bahadori M. Applying the Delphi Approach to Prioritize Social Factors Affecting the Development of Children Under Six Years. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1659. [PMID: 37644469 PMCID: PMC10466685 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16521-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social determinants of health have a key role in the growth and development of children, particularly in early childhood which is mentioned from infancy to the age of six years old. These factors might cause disparities in living conditions and consequently bring about inequities regarding different aspects of development such as emotional, psychological, social, psychological, and intellectual. This research aimed to provide a model for prioritizing social factors affecting the development of children under six years. METHODS We used quantitative-qualitative (mixed) method to perform data analysis. The statistical population included 12 medical experts and professionals in the field of children's development and social determinants of health that were selected using the snowball method. In the quantitative section, a Delphi technique was applied to screen the extracted indicators. Then through applying a decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method, the cause-and-effect interactions among main social determinants were identified. To analyze data, super decision software was used. RESULTS According to literature review and the results obtained from focus group discussions, five dimensions including individual factors, family factors, environmental factors, governance, and global factors were identified. Based on the study findings, the criterion of "family factors" was mentioned as the most important priority affecting childhood development. Furthermore, the sub-criterion of "International Programs and Policies" received the greatest priority among other sub-criteria with a profound impact on children's healthy growth and development. CONCLUSION Despite the current knowledge about social determinants of health, it is required to identify the most influential socioeconomic factors on childhood development. In such a manner, political strategies for improving the health condition of children can be implemented based on scientific evidence. Due to the crucial role of family factors, environmental factors and other socio-economic conditions, health policy makers and public health practitioners should be informed of the importance of these factors in shaping the health condition of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Sadrkhanlou
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maher
- Department of Health Policy, Economics and Management and Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khalil Alimohammadzadeh
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Services Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University. Economics Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Jafari
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadkarim Bahadori
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Leong M, Karr CJ, Shah SI, Brumberg HL. Before the first breath: why ambient air pollution and climate change should matter to neonatal-perinatal providers. J Perinatol 2023; 43:1059-1066. [PMID: 36038659 PMCID: PMC9421104 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Common outdoor air pollutants present threats to fetal and neonatal health, placing neonatal-perinatal clinical specialists in an important role for harm reduction through patient counseling and advocacy. Climate change is intertwined with air pollution and influences air quality. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the unique vulnerability in the development of adverse health consequences from exposures during the preconception, prenatal, and early postnatal periods, as well as promising indications that policies aimed at addressing these toxicants have improved birth outcomes. Advocacy by neonatal-perinatal providers articulating the potential impact of pollutants on newborns and mothers is essential to promoting improvements in air quality and reducing exposures. The goal of this review is to update neonatal-perinatal clinical specialists on the key ambient air pollutants of concern, their sources and health effects, and to outline strategies for protecting patients and communities from documented adverse health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Leong
- Division of Neonatology, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences and Northwest Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shetal I Shah
- Division of Neonatology, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Heather L Brumberg
- Division of Neonatology, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Kelly G, Idubor OI, Binney S, Schramm PJ, Mirabelli MC, Hsu J. The Impact of Climate Change on Asthma and Allergic-Immunologic Disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:453-461. [PMID: 37284923 PMCID: PMC10613957 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review discusses climate change-related impacts on asthma and allergic-immunologic disease, relevant US public health efforts, and healthcare professional resources. RECENT FINDINGS Climate change can impact people with asthma and allergic-immunologic disease through various pathways, including increased exposure to asthma triggers (e.g., aeroallergens, ground-level ozone). Climate change-related disasters (e.g., wildfires, floods) disrupting healthcare access can complicate management of any allergic-immunologic disease. Climate change disproportionately affects some communities, which can exacerbate disparities in climate-sensitive diseases like asthma. Public health efforts include implementing a national strategic framework to help communities track, prevent, and respond to climate change-related health threats. Healthcare professionals can use resources or tools to help patients with asthma and allergic-immunologic disease prevent climate change-related health impacts. Climate change can affect people with asthma and allergic-immunologic disease and exacerbate health disparities. Resources and tools are available to help prevent climate change-related health impacts at the community and individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Kelly
- Epidemiology Elective Program, National Center for STLT Public Health Infrastructure and Workforce, and Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Osatohamwen I Idubor
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway Mailstop S106-6, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Sophie Binney
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway Mailstop S106-6, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Paul J Schramm
- Climate and Health Program, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria C Mirabelli
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway Mailstop S106-6, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Joy Hsu
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway Mailstop S106-6, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
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Dilger AE, Bergmark RW. Environmental sustainability in otolaryngologic surgery. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article outlines updates in social determinants of health (SDOH) screening practices in pediatric healthcare and community settings. The transition to value-based care and the COVID-19 pandemic have both had significant impacts on screening practices, with implications for providers, communities, and policymakers. RECENT FINDINGS The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated social needs for vulnerable patients and families, resulting in increased recognition by healthcare teams through screening. Policy frameworks like value-based care that aim to deliver whole-child care in the community are reorienting the logistics of screening, including screening in acute-care settings and community settings. Recent studies on family and provider perspectives should be integrated into screening practices. SUMMARY Despite significant advances in and expansion of SDOH screening in the pediatric healthcare setting, there remain limitations and future research needs. More data is needed to evaluate social need screeners and interventions, and determine how healthcare systems, communities, and states can spread and scale such interventions based on outcomes and value measurements. Population-based social indices have the potential to augment individual patient screening, but this remains a future research need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby L Nerlinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Gift Kopsombut
- University of Central Florida
- Nemours Children's Hospital, Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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18
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Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit in der Klimakrise. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungKinder und Jugendliche sind aufgrund ihrer Physiologie und längerer Expositionszeiten besonders von den gesundheitlichen Folgen der Klimakrise betroffen. Darüber hinaus wird die Klimakrise ohne Gegenmaßnahmen vorbestehende gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten verschärfen, da Kinder und Jugendliche aus Familien mit niedrigem sozioökonomischen Status und schlechterem Gesundheitszustand besonders stark von den gesundheitlichen Folgen der Klimakrise betroffen sind.Die Klimakrise wirkt sich über zahlreiche Mechanismen auf die Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus, wobei jedes Organsystem betroffen sein kann. Extremwetterereignisse gehen u. a. mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Hitzschläge, Elektrolytstörungen, Verletzungen und psychische Erkrankungen einher. Der Temperaturanstieg führt zu veränderten Ausbreitungsgebieten von Krankheitsvektoren, die u. a. die Erreger der Borreliose oder des West-Nil-Fiebers übertragen. Im Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit stehen Klimaangst und die psychischen Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen im Vordergrund.Zahlreiche Maßnahmen in den Bereichen Klimaschutz und Klimafolgenanpassung haben zugleich positive Effekte auf die Gesundheit und werden daher als Win-Win-Lösungen bezeichnet (z. B. aktiver Transport, Ausweitung urbaner Grünflächen). Kinder- und Jugendärzt:innen können einen wichtigen Beitrag zu Prävention und adäquater Behandlung von klimawandelassoziierten Erkrankungen leisten, indem sie u. a. in U‑Untersuchungen Win-Win-Lösungen adressieren und klimawandelbedingte Belastungsfaktoren in der Anamnese berücksichtigen. Darüber hinaus können sie durch ihr Engagement in Organen der ärztlichen Selbstverwaltung (z. B. Etablierung nachhaltiger Anlagestrategien in ärztlichen Versorgungswerken) oder durch die Umsetzung von Maßnahmen in Gesundheitseinrichtungen aktiv zum Klimaschutz beitragen.
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19
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Shah SH, Woolf AD, Manning K, Holder-Niles F, Tully B, Flanagan S, Spence MC, Hauptman M. The more you know: Insights from integrated pre-visit surveys in a pediatric environmental health center. INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH JOURNAL 2023; 15:297-306. [PMID: 38362063 PMCID: PMC10868725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The Pediatric Environmental Health Center (PEHC) at Boston Children's Hospital is a specialty referral clinic that provides consultation for approximately 250 patients annually. Identifying environmental hazards is key for clinical management. Exposure concerns include lead, mold, pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), impaired air quality, and more. Our goal was to identify concerns and visit priorities of our patient population to guide visits. A 47-question pre-visit survey was created exploring potential environmental hazards and administered prior to visits using a platform integrated into the electronic medical record (EMR). The study group was a convenience sample of patients from June 2021 to June 2022. Of 204 total visits, 101 surveys were submitted, yielding a response rate of 49.5%. 66/101 (65.3%) were surveys from initial consultations used for descriptive analysis. The majority of patients were seen for a chief complaint of lead exposure (90.1%). Most respondents had concerns about peeling paint (40.0%), and those reporting peeling paint were more likely to report additional concerns [75.0%, p < 0.001]. Other concerns highlighted were mold (15.2%), pests (15.2%), asbestos (10.6%), air pollution (9.1%), temperature regulation (7.6%), pesticides (6.1%), PFAS (4.5%), and formaldehyde (4.5%). A knowledge gap was identified; 45.5% (30/66) respondents responded "no" to the question asking if the Poison Control Center phone number was stored in their phone. This study illustrates how the implementation of a pre-visit EMR integrated survey engages families, informs clinical care, and serves as a point-of-care education tool for specific knowledge gaps. Findings will guide development of future environmental health screeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini H Shah
- Pediatric Environmental Health Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan D Woolf
- Pediatric Environmental Health Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberly Manning
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Faye Holder-Niles
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bridget Tully
- Pediatric Environmental Health Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shelby Flanagan
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew C Spence
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marissa Hauptman
- Pediatric Environmental Health Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Region 1 New England Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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A Critical Review on the Complex Interplay between Social Determinants of Health and Maternal and Infant Mortality. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030394. [PMID: 35327766 PMCID: PMC8947729 DOI: 10.3390/children9030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: U.S. maternal and infant mortality rates constitute an important public health problem, because these rates surpass those in developed countries and are characterized by stark disparities for racial/ethnic minorities, rural residents, and individuals with less privileged socioeconomic status due to social determinants of health (SDoH). Methods: A critical review of the maternal and infant mortality literature was performed to determine multilevel SDoH factors leading to mortality disparities with a life course lens. Results: Black mothers and infants fared the worst in terms of mortality rates, likely due to the accumulation of SDoH experienced as a result of structural racism across the life course. Upstream SDoH are important contributors to disparities in maternal and infant mortality. More research is needed on the effectiveness of continuous quality improvement initiatives for the maternal–infant dyad, and expanding programs such as paid maternity leave, quality, stable and affordable housing, and social safety-nets (Medicaid, CHIP, WIC), in reducing maternal and infant mortality. Finally, it is important to address research gaps in individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors, because they affect maternal and infant mortality and related disparities. Conclusion: Key SDoH at multiple levels affect maternal and infant health. These SDoH shape and perpetuate disparities across the lifespan and are implicated in maternal and infant mortality disparities.
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21
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Steen M, Raynor J, Baldwin CD, Jee SH. Child Adversity and Trauma-Informed Care Teaching Interventions: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics 2022; 149:184788. [PMID: 35165742 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-051174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health professionals need training to provide trauma-informed care (TIC) for children with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which can affect short- and long-term health. We summarize and evaluate published curricula for health professionals on ACEs and TIC. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsychInfo, and MedEdPORTAL through January 2021. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: Described teaching interventions on ACEs, TIC, and child abuse and maltreatment; included health care providers or trainees as learners; were written in English; included an abstract; and described a curriculum and evaluation. We reviewed 2264 abstracts, abstracted data from 79 studies, and selected 51 studies for qualitative synthesis. RESULTS Studies focused on ACEs/TIC (27), child abuse (14), domestic/intimate partner violence (6), and child maltreatment/parental physical punishment (4). Among these 51 studies, 43 were published since 2010. Learners included a mix of health professionals (34) and students (17). Duration, content, and quality of the 51 curricula were highly variable. An analysis of 10 exemplar curricula on ACEs and/or TIC revealed high and very high quality for methods and moderate to very high quality for curriculum evaluation, suggesting that they may be good models for other educational programs. Four of the 10 exemplars used randomized controlled trials to evaluate efficacy. Studies were limited to English language and subject to publication bias. CONCLUSIONS ACEs and TIC are increasingly relevant to teaching health professionals, especially pediatricians, and related teaching curricula offer good examples for other programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Raynor
- Edward G. Miner Library, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Sandra H Jee
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics.,Center for Community Health and Prevention, Rochester, New York
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22
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Jee S, Forkey H. Maximizing the Benefit of Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences. Pediatrics 2022; 149:184567. [PMID: 35067722 PMCID: PMC9645713 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-054624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jee
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York,Finger Lakes Children’s Environmental Health Center, Rochester, New York,Address correspondence to: Sandra Jee, MD, MPH, University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 777 Pediatrics, Rochester, NY 14642.
| | - Heather Forkey
- University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Foster Care Evaluation Services, Worcester, Massachusetts
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23
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van Nieuwenhuizen A, Hudson K, Chen X, Hwong AR. The Effects of Climate Change on Child and Adolescent Mental Health: Clinical Considerations. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:88. [PMID: 34874507 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review recent literature on the effects of climate change on child and adolescent mental health and discuss treatment and engagement by clinicians. RECENT FINDINGS Climate change affects child and adolescent mental health in many intersecting ways, including as a social and ecological determinant of health, a threat amplifier, and a source of trauma and distress. Single extreme weather events contribute to significant negative mental health consequences; however, subacute and chronic climate events also have mental health sequelae. Furthermore, awareness of the climate crisis is associated with emotional distress. Young people with pre-existing mental illness and lacking social support may be at elevated risk for climate change-related mental health effects. Climate activism is associated with resilience and positive development, but may also be a source of increased stress, particularly for marginalized youths. Climate change can affect the mental health of children and adolescents in complex and diverse ways. Sources of coping and resilience also vary greatly between individuals. Mental health clinicians must respond to this existential crisis by addressing research gaps in this area, obtaining relevant clinical training, educating their communities, and joining and supporting young people in their advocacy efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelsey Hudson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- UC Berkeley- UCSF Joint Medical Program, San Francisco, USA
| | - Alison R Hwong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco National Clinician Scholars Program, San Francisco, USA
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Climate change remains a major threat to the health and well-being of children globally. This article reviews the myriad health effects of climate change on children throughout their lives and discusses ways in which the general pediatrician can be an advocate for climate solutions. RECENT FINDINGS Rising atmospheric temperatures, increased air pollution, and destabilized weather patterns all lead to adverse health outcomes for children and adverse obstetric outcomes. However, the impact of climate change is not evenly distributed. Children living in poverty are more likely to be adversely impacted by the changing climate. SUMMARY Ongoing and emerging research suggests that children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The primary care pediatrician is encouraged to see this irrefutable evidence as a call to action for advocacy on behalf of our patients and the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Brodie
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Elizabeth A Silberholz
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Tang MN, Adolphe S, Rogers SR, Frank DA. Failure to Thrive or Growth Faltering: Medical, Developmental/Behavioral, Nutritional, and Social Dimensions. Pediatr Rev 2021; 42:590-603. [PMID: 34725219 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2020-001883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margot N Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Soukaina Adolphe
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Deborah A Frank
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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26
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Arpin E, Gauffin K, Kerr M, Hjern A, Mashford-Pringle A, Barros A, Rajmil L, Choonara I, Spencer N. Climate Change and Child Health Inequality: A Review of Reviews. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10896. [PMID: 34682662 PMCID: PMC8535343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence on the observed and expected consequences of climate change on population health worldwide. There is limited understanding of its consequences for child health inequalities, between and within countries. To examine these consequences and categorize the state of knowledge in this area, we conducted a review of reviews indexed in five databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts). Reviews that reported the effect of climate change on child health inequalities between low- and high-income children, within or between countries (high- vs low-middle-income countries; HICs and LMICs), were included. Twenty-three reviews, published between 2007 and January 2021, were included for full-text analyses. Using thematic synthesis, we identified strong descriptive, but limited quantitative, evidence that climate change exacerbates child health inequalities. Explanatory mechanisms relating climate change to child health inequalities were proposed in some reviews; for example, children in LMICs are more susceptible to the consequences of climate change than children in HICs due to limited structural and economic resources. Geographic and intergenerational inequalities emerged as additional themes from the review. Further research with an equity focus should address the effects of climate change on adolescents/youth, mental health and inequalities within countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Arpin
- Canadian Center for Health Economics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada;
| | - Karl Gauffin
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Meghan Kerr
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Anders Hjern
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Aluisio Barros
- Center for Epidemiological Research, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, Brazil;
| | - Luis Rajmil
- Independent Researcher, Homer 22, 1rst 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Imti Choonara
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK;
| | - Nicholas Spencer
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 9JD, UK;
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27
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Philipsborn RP, Cowenhoven J, Bole A, Balk SJ, Bernstein A. A pediatrician's guide to climate change-informed primary care. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2021; 51:101027. [PMID: 34244061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2021.101027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the urgency of the climate crisis and mounting evidence linking climate change to child health harms, pediatricians do not routinely engage with climate change in the office. Each primary care visit offers opportunities to screen for and support children burdened with risks to health that are increasingly intense due to climate change. Routine promotion of healthy behaviors also aligns with some needed-and powerful-solutions to the climate crisis. For some patients, including those engaged in athletics, those with asthma and allergies, or those with complex healthcare needs, preparedness for environmental risks and disasters worsened by climate change is a critical component of disease prevention and management. For all patients, anticipatory guidance topics that are already mainstays of pediatric best practices are related closely to needed guidance to keep children safe and promote health in the setting of compounding risks due to climate change. By considering climate change in routine care, pediatricians will be updating practice to align with evidence-based literature and better serving patients. This article provides a framework for pediatricians to provide climate-informed primary care during the structure of pediatric well child and other visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Pass Philipsborn
- Division of General Pediatrics and Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Julia Cowenhoven
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Pediatrics, Boston University, 401 Park Drive, 4th Floor West, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Aparna Bole
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sophie J Balk
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA and Harvard Global Health Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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28
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Carter JM, Koman PD, Cameron L, Ferguson A, Jacuzzo P, Duvall J. Assessing perceptions and priorities for health impacts of climate change within local Michigan health departments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND SCIENCES 2021; 11:595-609. [PMID: 33996379 PMCID: PMC8112836 DOI: 10.1007/s13412-021-00679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Climate change affects Michigan's public health in several primary ways, including increased incidences of vector-borne, waterborne, heat-related, and respiratory illness. Because local health departments (LHDs) play a central role in surveillance and preventative health services, they are among the first institutions to contend with the local impacts of climate change. To assess current perceptions among Michigan public health officials, an online survey was conducted in partnership with the Michigan Association for Local Public Health (MALPH). Most of the Michigan respondents (62%, n = 34) agreed that their jurisdictions have experienced climate change in the last 20 years, and 77% agreed that climate change will impact their jurisdictions in the coming 20 years. However, only 35% (n = 34) of Michigan officials agreed that climate change is a priority in their departments. About one quarter (25%, n = 34) of Michigan LHD respondents did not know about the level of expertise of either the state and federal agencies, responsible for assisting them with information and programs related to climate change and health. Uncertainty regarding the resources available to them may hinder LHDs from developing necessary preparedness, so meeting this need could bolster the public health response to climate change. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13412-021-00679-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Carter
- Program in the Environment, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts and the School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Patricia D. Koman
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Lorraine Cameron
- Division of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Suite 409, PO Box 30037, Lansing, MI 48909 USA
| | - Aaron Ferguson
- Division of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Suite 409, PO Box 30037, Lansing, MI 48909 USA
| | - Patrick Jacuzzo
- Environmental Health Division, Marquette County Health Department, 184 US 41 East, Negaunee, MI 49866 USA
| | - Jason Duvall
- Program in the Environment, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts and the School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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29
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Bikomeye JC, Rublee CS, Beyer KMM. Positive Externalities of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation for Human Health: A Review and Conceptual Framework for Public Health Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2481. [PMID: 33802347 PMCID: PMC7967605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is adversely impacting people and contributing to suffering and increased costs from climate-related diseases and injuries. In responding to this urgent and growing public health crisis, mitigation strategies are in place to reduce future greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) while adaptation strategies exist to reduce and/or alleviate the adverse effects of climate change by increasing systems' resilience to future impacts. While these strategies have numerous positive benefits on climate change itself, they also often have other positive externalities or health co-benefits. This knowledge can be harnessed to promote and improve global public health, particularly for the most vulnerable populations. Previous conceptual models in mitigation and adaptation studies such as the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) considered health in the thinking, but health outcomes were not their primary intention. Additionally, existing guidance documents such as the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidance for Climate Resilient and Environmentally Sustainable Health Care Facilities is designed primarily for public health professionals or healthcare managers in hospital settings with a primary focus on resilience. However, a detailed cross sectoral and multidisciplinary conceptual framework, which links mitigation and adaptation strategies with health outcomes as a primary end point, has not yet been developed to guide research in this area. In this paper, we briefly summarize the burden of climate change on global public health, describe important mitigation and adaptation strategies, and present key health benefits by giving context specific examples from high, middle, and low-income settings. We then provide a conceptual framework to inform future global public health research and preparedness across sectors and disciplines and outline key stakeholders recommendations in promoting climate resilient systems and advancing health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean C. Bikomeye
- PhD Program in Public and Community Health, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Caitlin S. Rublee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Kirsten M. M. Beyer
- PhD Program in Public and Community Health, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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30
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Binns CW, Lee MK, Maycock B, Torheim LE, Nanishi K, Duong DTT. Climate Change, Food Supply, and Dietary Guidelines. Annu Rev Public Health 2021; 42:233-255. [PMID: 33497266 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Food production is affected by climate change, and, in turn, food production is responsible for 20-30% of greenhouse gases. The food system must increase output as the population increases and must meet nutrition and health needs while simultaneously assisting in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Good nutrition is important for combatting infection, reducing child mortality, and controlling obesity and chronic disease throughout the life course. Dietary guidelines provide advice for a healthy diet, and the main principles are now well established and compatible with sustainable development. Climate change will have a significant effect on food supply; however, with political commitment and substantial investment, projected improvements will be sufficient to provide food for the healthy diets needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Some changes will need to be made to food production, nutrient content will need monitoring, and more equitable distribution is required to meet the dietary guidelines. Increased breastfeeding rates will improve infant and adult health while helping to reduce greenhouse gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin W Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia;
| | - Mi Kyung Lee
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia;
| | - Bruce Maycock
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.,Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium of Public Health (APACPH), APACPH KL Secretariat Office, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Liv Elin Torheim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway,
| | - Keiko Nanishi
- Office of International Academic Affairs, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
| | - Doan Thi Thuy Duong
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
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