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Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Ge Y, Wu Z, Wang W, Shan L. Forkhead box protein FOXK1 disrupts the circadian rhythm to promote breast tumorigenesis in response to insulin resistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 599:217147. [PMID: 39094826 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The dysregulation of circadian rhythm oscillation is a prominent feature of various solid tumors. Thus, clarifying the molecular mechanisms that maintain the circadian clock is important. In the present study, we revealed that the transcription factor forkhead box FOXK1 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer. We showed that FOXK1 recruits multiple transcription corepressor complexes, including NCoR/SMRT, SIN3A, NuRD, and REST/CoREST. Among them, the FOXK1/NCoR/SIN3A complex transcriptionally regulates a cohort of genes, including CLOCK, PER2, and CRY2, that are critically involved in the circadian rhythm. The complex promoted the proliferation of breast cancer cells by disturbing the circadian rhythm oscillation. Notably, the nuclear expression of FOXK1 was positively correlated with tumor grade. Insulin resistance gradually became more severe with tumor progression and was accompanied by the increased expression of OGT, which caused the nuclear translocation and increased expression of FOXK1. Additionally, we found that metformin downregulates FOXK1 and exports it from the nucleus, while HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) inhibit the FOXK1-related enzymatic activity. Combined treatment enhanced the expression of circadian clock genes through the regulation of FOXK1, thereby exerting an antitumor effect, indicating that highly nuclear FOXK1-expressing breast cancers are potential candidates for the combined application of metformin and HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute, and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuze Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zicheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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2
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Li J, Zou Y, Kantapan J, Su H, Wang L, Dechsupa N. TGF‑β/Smad signaling in chronic kidney disease: Exploring post‑translational regulatory perspectives (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:143. [PMID: 38904198 PMCID: PMC11208996 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the onset of glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present review delves into the intricate post‑translational modulation of this pathway and its implications in CKD. Specifically, the impact of the TGF‑β/Smad pathway on various biological processes was investigated, encompassing not only renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation, myofibroblast activation and cellular aging, but also its role in autophagy. Various post‑translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, play a crucial role in modulating the intensity and persistence of the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway. They also dictate the functionality, stability and interactions of the TGF‑β/Smad components. The present review sheds light on recent findings regarding the impact of PTMs on TGF‑β receptors and Smads within the CKD landscape. In summary, a deeper insight into the post‑translational intricacies of TGF‑β/Smad signaling offers avenues for innovative therapeutic interventions to mitigate CKD progression. Ongoing research in this domain holds the potential to unveil powerful antifibrotic treatments, aiming to preserve renal integrity and function in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Li
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxia Zou
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hongwei Su
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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3
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Niu F, Liu W, Ren Y, Tian Y, Shi W, Li M, Li Y, Xiong Y, Qian L. β-cell neogenesis: A rising star to rescue diabetes mellitus. J Adv Res 2024; 62:71-89. [PMID: 37839502 PMCID: PMC11331176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose, is caused by various degrees of insulin resistance and dysfunctional insulin secretion, resulting in hyperglycemia. The loss and failure of functional β-cells are key mechanisms resulting in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM OF REVIEW Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure, and exploring approaches for β-cell neogenesis to reverse β-cell dysfunction may provide novel strategies for DM therapy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Emerging studies reveal that genetic susceptibility, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, islet inflammation, and protein modification linked to multiple signaling pathways contribute to DM pathogenesis. Over the past few years, replenishing functional β-cell by β-cell neogenesis to restore the number and function of pancreatic β-cells has remarkably exhibited a promising therapeutic approach for DM therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure in DM, highlight the effective approaches for β-cell neogenesis, as well as discuss the current clinical and preclinical agents research advances of β-cell neogenesis. Insights into the challenges of translating β-cell neogenesis into clinical application for DM treatment are also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Medical Research Center, the affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhou S, Kai Y, Zhang YQ, Peng C, Li Z, Mughal MJ, Julie B, Zheng X, Ma J, Ma CX, Shen M, Hall MD, Li S, Zhu W. O-GlcNAcylation of MITF regulates its activity and CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5597. [PMID: 38961064 PMCID: PMC11222436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) play a pivotal role in cell cycle and cancer development. Targeting CDK4/6 has demonstrated promising effects against breast cancer. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings. Using high-throughput combinatorial drug screening and genomic sequencing, we find that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is activated via O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors. Mechanistically, O-GlcNAcylation of MITF at Serine 49 enhances its interaction with importin α/β, thus promoting its translocation to nuclei, where it suppresses palbociclib-induced senescence. Inhibition of MITF or its O-GlcNAcylation re-sensitizes resistant cells to palbociclib. Moreover, clinical studies confirm the activation of MITF in tumors from patients who are palbociclib-resistant or undergoing palbociclib treatment. Collectively, our studies shed light on the mechanism regulating palbociclib resistance and present clinical evidence for developing therapeutic approaches to treat CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shuyan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yan Kai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Changmin Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zhuqing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Belmar Julie
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cynthia X Ma
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Min Shen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Wenge Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
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5
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Zhang B, Bu C, Wang Q, Chen Q, Shi D, Qiu H, Wang Z, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Chi L. Low molecular weight heparin promotes the PPAR pathway by protecting the glycocalyx of cells to delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107493. [PMID: 38925330 PMCID: PMC11301383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important comorbidities for diabetic patients, which is the main factor leading to end-stage renal disease. Heparin analogs can delay the progression of DN, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we found that low molecular weight heparin therapy significantly upregulated some downstream proteins of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway by label-free quantification of the mouse kidney proteome. Through cell model verification, low molecular weight heparin can protect the heparan sulfate of renal tubular epithelial cells from being degraded by heparanase that is highly expressed in a high-glucose environment, enhance the endocytic recruitment of fatty acid-binding protein 1, a coactivator of the PPAR pathway, and then regulate the activation level of intracellular PPAR. In addition, we have elucidated for the first time the molecular mechanism of heparan sulfate and fatty acid-binding protein 1 interaction. These findings provide new insights into understanding the role of heparin in the pathogenesis of DN and developing corresponding treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Changkai Bu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qingchi Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Deling Shi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhangjie Wang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Department of Endocrinology & Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, Shandong, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Lianli Chi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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6
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Dong W, Imdad L, Xu S, Wang Y, Liu C, Song S, Li Z, Kong Y, Kong L, Ren X. O-GlcNAc Modification Is a Promising Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6286. [PMID: 38892474 PMCID: PMC11173153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a very serious diabetes complication. Changes in the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification are associated with many diseases. However, its role in DR is not fully understood. In this research, we explored the effect of O-GlcNAc modification regulation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in DR, providing some evidence for clinical DR treatment in the future. Bioinformatics was used to make predictions from the database, which were validated using the serum samples of diabetic patients. As an in vivo model, diabetic mice were induced using streptozotocin (STZ) injection with/without an AMPK agonist (metformin) or an AMPK inhibitor (compound C) treatment. Electroretinogram (ERG) and H&E staining were used to evaluate the retinal functional and morphological changes. In vitro, 661 w cells were exposed to high-glucose conditions, with or without metformin treatment. Apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL staining. The protein expression was detected using Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The angiogenesis ability was detected using a tube formation assay. The levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) in the serum changed in the DR patients in the clinic. In the diabetic mice, the ERG wave amplitude and retinal thickness decreased. In vitro, the apoptotic cell percentage and Bax expression were increased, and Bcl2 expression was decreased in the 661 w cells under high-glucose conditions. The O-GlcNAc modification was increased in DR. In addition, the expression of GFAT/TXNIP O-GlcNAc was also increased in the 661 w cells after the high-glucose treatment. Additionally, the Co-immunoprecipitation(CO-IP) results show that TXNIP interacted with the O-GlcNAc modification. However, AMPK activation ameliorated this effect. We also found that silencing the AMPKα1 subunit reversed this process. In addition, the conditioned medium of the 661 w cells may have affected the tube formation in vitro. Taken together, O-GlcNAc modification was increased in DR with photoreceptor cell degeneration and neovascularization; however, it was reversed after activating AMPK. The underlying mechanism is linked to the GFAT/TXNIP-O-GlcNAc modification signaling axis. Therefore, the AMPKα1 subunit plays a vital role in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Dong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Laraib Imdad
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Shengnan Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Yinli Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Chengzhi Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Shiyu Song
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Zechuan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Ying Kong
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Core Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Kong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (W.D.); (L.I.); (S.X.); (Y.W.); (C.L.); (S.S.); (Z.L.); (L.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Core Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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7
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Balsollier C, Bijkerk S, de Smit A, van Eekelen K, Bozovičar K, Husstege D, Tomašič T, Anderluh M, Pieters RJ. Discovery of two non-UDP-mimic inhibitors of O-GlcNAc transferase by screening a DNA-encoded library. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107321. [PMID: 38604018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Finding potent inhibitors of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) has proven to be a challenge, especially because the diversity of published inhibitors is low. The large majority of available OGT inhibitors are uridine-based or uridine-like compounds that mimic the main interactions of glycosyl donor UDP-GlcNAc with the enzyme. Until recently, screening of DNA-encoded libraries for discovering hits against protein targets was dedicated to a few laboratories around the world, but has become accessible to wider public with the recent launch of the DELopen platform. Here we report the results and follow-up of a DNA-encoded library screening by using the DELopen platform. This led to the discovery of two new hits with structural features not resembling UDP. Small focused libraries bearing those two scaffolds were made, leading to low micromolar inhibition of OGT and elucidation of their structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Balsollier
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Bijkerk
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan de Smit
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin van Eekelen
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands
| | - Krištof Bozovičar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dirk Husstege
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht NL-3508 TB, The Netherlands.
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8
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Marqués P, Burillo J, González-Blanco C, Jiménez B, García G, García-Aguilar A, Iglesias-Fortes S, Lockwood Á, Guillén C. Regulation of TSC2 lysosome translocation and mitochondrial turnover by TSC2 acetylation status. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12521. [PMID: 38822085 PMCID: PMC11143182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) activity decreases the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) lysine acetylation status, inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling and concomitantly, activating autophagy. This study analyzes the role of TSC2 acetylation levels in its translocation to the lysosome and the mitochondrial turnover in both mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) and in mouse insulinoma cells (MIN6) as a model of pancreatic β cells. Resveratrol (RESV), an activator of SIRT1 activity, promotes TSC2 deacetylation and its translocation to the lysosome, inhibiting mTORC1 activity. An improvement in mitochondrial turnover was also observed in cells treated with RESV, associated with an increase in the fissioned mitochondria, positive autophagic and mitophagic fluxes and an enhancement of mitochondrial biogenesis. This study proves that TSC2 in its deacetylated form is essential for regulating mTORC1 signalling and the maintenance of the mitochondrial quality control, which is involved in the homeostasis of pancreatic beta cells and prevents from several metabolic disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Marqués
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Burillo
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- P2022/BMD-7227, MOIR-ACTOME-CM, Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema García
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana García-Aguilar
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarai Iglesias-Fortes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Lockwood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- P2022/BMD-7227, MOIR-ACTOME-CM, Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillén
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.
- P2022/BMD-7227, MOIR-ACTOME-CM, Dirección General de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGIIT), Consejería de Educación y Universidades, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Luna S, Malard F, Pereckas M, Aoki M, Aoki K, Olivier-Van Stichelen S. Studying the O-GlcNAcome of human placentas using banked tissue samples. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwae005. [PMID: 38253038 PMCID: PMC11005170 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic modulator of signaling pathways, equal in magnitude to the widely studied phosphorylation. With the rapid development of tools for its detection at the single protein level, the O-GlcNAc modification rapidly emerged as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in human diseases. Yet, mapping the human O-GlcNAcome in various tissues is essential for generating relevant biomarkers. In this study, we used human banked tissue as a sample source to identify O-GlcNAcylated protein targets relevant to human diseases. Using human term placentas, we propose (1) a method to clean frozen banked tissue of blood proteins; (2) an optimized protocol for the enrichment of O-GlcNAcylated proteins using immunoaffinity purification; and (3) a bioinformatic workflow to identify the most promising O-GlcNAc targets. As a proof-of-concept, we used 45 mg of banked placental samples from two pregnancies to generate intracellular protein extracts depleted of blood protein. Then, antibody-based O-GlcNAc enrichment on denatured samples yielded over 2000 unique HexNAc PSMs and 900 unique sites using 300 μg of protein lysate. Due to efficient sample cleanup, we also captured 82 HexNAc proteins with high placental expression. Finally, we provide a bioinformatic tool (CytOVS) to sort the HexNAc proteins based on their cellular localization and extract the most promising O-GlcNAc targets to explore further. To conclude, we provide a simple 3-step workflow to generate a manageable list of O-GlcNAc proteins from human tissue and improve our understanding of O-GlcNAcylation's role in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Luna
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Florian Malard
- INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, ARNA Laboratory, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michaela Pereckas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Mayumi Aoki
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (CBNA), Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Stephanie Olivier-Van Stichelen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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10
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Milanesi F, Roelens S, Francesconi O. Towards Biomimetic Recognition of Glycans by Synthetic Receptors. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300598. [PMID: 37942862 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are abundant in Nature, where they are mostly assembled within glycans as free polysaccharides or conjugated to a variety of biological molecules such as proteins and lipids. Glycans exert several functions, including protein folding, stability, solubility, resistance to proteolysis, intracellular traffic, antigenicity, and recognition by carbohydrate-binding proteins. Interestingly, misregulation of their biosynthesis that leads to changes in glycan structures is frequently recognized as a mark of a disease state. Because of glycan ubiquity, carbohydrate binding agents (CBAs) targeting glycans can lead to a deeper understanding of their function and to the development of new diagnostic and prognostic strategies. Synthetic receptors selectively recognizing specific carbohydrates of biological interest have been developed over the past three decades. In addition to the success obtained in the effective recognition of monosaccharides, synthetic receptors recognizing more complex guests have also been developed, including di- and oligosaccharide fragments of glycans, shedding light on the structural and functional requirements necessary for an effective receptor. In this review, the most relevant achievements in molecular recognition of glycans and their fragments will be summarized, highlighting potentials and future perspectives of glycan-targeting synthetic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Milanesi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Roelens
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Oscar Francesconi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", DICUS and INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Campus Sesto, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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11
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Ayodele AO, Udosen B, Oluwagbemi OO, Oladipo EK, Omotuyi I, Isewon I, Nash O, Soremekun O, Fatumo S. An in-silico analysis of OGT gene association with diabetes mellitus. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:89. [PMID: 38539217 PMCID: PMC10976716 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a nutrient-sensing post-translational modification process. This cycling process involves two primary proteins: the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) catalysing the addition, and the glycoside hydrolase OGA (O-GlcNAcase) catalysing the removal of the O-GlCNAc moiety on nucleocytoplasmic proteins. This process is necessary for various critical cellular functions. The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) gene produces the OGT protein. Several studies have shown the overexpression of this protein to have biological implications in metabolic diseases like cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM). This study retrieved 159 SNPs with clinical significance from the SNPs database. We probed the functional effects, stability profile, and evolutionary conservation of these to determine their fit for this research. We then identified 7 SNPs (G103R, N196K, Y228H, R250C, G341V, L367F, and C845S) with predicted deleterious effects across the four tools used (PhD-SNPs, SNPs&Go, PROVEAN, and PolyPhen2). Proceeding with this, we used ROBETTA, a homology modelling tool, to model the proteins with these point mutations and carried out a structural bioinformatics method- molecular docking- using the Glide model of the Schrodinger Maestro suite. We used a previously reported inhibitor of OGT, OSMI-1, as the ligand for these mutated protein models. As a result, very good binding affinities and interactions were observed between this ligand and the active site residues within 4Å of OGT. We conclude that these mutation points may be used for further downstream analysis as drug targets for treating diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail O Ayodele
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Brenda Udosen
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Olugbenga O Oluwagbemi
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, 8301, Kimberley, South Africa
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elijah K Oladipo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Adeleke University, 232104, Ede, Nigeria
- Genomics Unit, Helix Biogen Institute, 210214, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Idowu Omotuyi
- Institute for Drug Research and Development, S.E. Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
- Molecular Biology and Molecular Simulation Center (Mols&Sims), Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Itunuoluwa Isewon
- Computer and Information Sciences Department, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oyekanmi Nash
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Soremekun
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
- MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London (LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Segun Fatumo
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria.
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda.
- MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London (LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
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12
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Zeng Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Hou N. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic dysregulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1375400. [PMID: 38596692 PMCID: PMC11003275 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1375400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus, has become recognized as a cardiometabolic disease. In normoxic conditions, the majority of the ATP production (>95%) required for heart beating comes from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of fatty acids (FAs) and glucose, with the remaining portion coming from a variety of sources, including fructose, lactate, ketone bodies (KB) and branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Increased FA intake and decreased utilization of glucose and lactic acid were observed in the diabetic hearts of animal models and diabetic patients. Moreover, the polyol pathway is activated, and fructose metabolism is enhanced. The use of ketones as energy sources in human diabetic hearts also increases significantly. Furthermore, elevated BCAA levels and impaired BCAA metabolism were observed in the hearts of diabetic mice and patients. The shift in energy substrate preference in diabetic hearts results in increased oxygen consumption and impaired oxidative phosphorylation, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the precise mechanisms by which impaired myocardial metabolic alterations result in diabetes mellitus cardiac disease are not fully understood. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms involved in alterations of myocardial energy metabolism. It not only adds more molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment, but also provides an experimental foundation for screening novel therapeutic agents for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yilang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Wenyue Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ning Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
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13
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Nakada J, Matsushita T, Koyama T, Hatano K, Matsuoka K. Synthetic assembly of α-O-linked-type GlcNAc using polymer chemistry affords sugar clusters, which effectively bind to lectins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 99:129616. [PMID: 38216097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Fischer's glycoside synthesis was applied to linker precursor alcohols of two different lengths having appropriate alkane chains to obtain the corresponding α-glycoside and it was found to be applicable with moderate yields. Water-soluble glycomonomers were systematically prepared from N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) by introducing two kinds of alcohols having different methylene lengths. Typical radical polymerizations of the glycomonomers with acrylamide as a modulator for control of the distance between carbohydrate residues in water in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) gave a series of glycopolymers with various α-glycoside-type GlcNAc residue densities. Fluorometric analysis of the interaction of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) with the glycopolymers was performed and the results showed unique binding specificities based on structural differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyuichi Nakada
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takahiko Matsushita
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Medical Innovation Research Unit (MiU), Advanced Institute of Innovative Technology (AIIT), Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Health Science and Technology Research Area, Strategic Research Center, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Koyama
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Ken Hatano
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Medical Innovation Research Unit (MiU), Advanced Institute of Innovative Technology (AIIT), Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Health Science and Technology Research Area, Strategic Research Center, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuoka
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Medical Innovation Research Unit (MiU), Advanced Institute of Innovative Technology (AIIT), Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; Health Science and Technology Research Area, Strategic Research Center, Saitama University, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
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14
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Kim SM, Kim DY, Park J, Moon YA, Han IO. Glucosamine increases macrophage lipid accumulation by regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. BMB Rep 2024; 57:92-97. [PMID: 37964636 PMCID: PMC10910086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood glucose is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Data from the current study showed that glucosamine (GlcN), a normal glucose metabolite of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), promoted lipid accumulation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Oleic acid- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lipid accumulation was further enhanced by GlcN in RAW264.7 cells, although there was no a significant change in the rate of fatty acid uptake. GlcN increased acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), scavenger receptor class A, liver X receptor, and sterol regulatory elementbinding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA expression, and; conversely, suppressed ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA-1) and ABCG-1 expression. Additionally, GlcN promoted O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear SREBP-1 but did not affect its DNA binding activity. GlcN stimulated phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and S6 kinase. Rapamycin, a mTOR-specific inhibitor, suppressed GlcN-induced lipid accumulation in RAW264.7 cells. The GlcN-mediated increase in ACC and FAS mRNA was suppressed, while the decrease in ABCA-1 and ABCG-1 by GlcN was not significantly altered by rapamycin. Together, our results highlight the importance of the mTOR signaling pathway in GlcN-induced macrophage lipid accumulation and further support a potential link between mTOR and HBP signaling in lipogenesis. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(2): 92-97].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Young-Ah Moon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Inn-Oc Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
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15
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Claeyssen C, Bulangalire N, Bastide B, Agbulut O, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin: How post-translational modifications modulate their functions in heart and skeletal muscles? Biochimie 2024; 216:137-159. [PMID: 37827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of the highly organized striated muscle tissue requires a cell-wide dynamic network through protein-protein interactions providing an effective mechanochemical integrator of morphology and function. Through a continuous and complex trans-cytoplasmic network, desmin intermediate filaments ensure this essential role in heart and in skeletal muscle. Besides their role in the maintenance of cell shape and architecture (permitting contractile activity efficiency and conferring resistance towards mechanical stress), desmin intermediate filaments are also key actors of cell and tissue homeostasis. Desmin participates to several cellular processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, intracellular signalisation, mechanotransduction, vesicle trafficking, organelle biogenesis and/or positioning, calcium homeostasis, protein homeostasis, cell adhesion, metabolism and gene expression. Desmin intermediate filaments assembly requires αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein. Over its chaperone activity, αB-crystallin is involved in several cellular functions such as cell integrity, cytoskeleton stabilization, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, mitochondria function or aggresome formation. Importantly, both proteins are known to be strongly associated to the aetiology of several cardiac and skeletal muscles pathologies related to desmin filaments disorganization and a strong disturbance of desmin interactome. Note that these key proteins of cytoskeleton architecture are extensively modified by post-translational modifications that could affect their functional properties. Therefore, we reviewed in the herein paper the impact of post-translational modifications on the modulation of cellular functions of desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Claeyssen
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathan Bulangalire
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
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16
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Amirian R, Azadi Badrbani M, Izadi Z, Samadian H, Bahrami G, Sarvari S, Abdolmaleki S, Nabavi SM, Derakhshankhah H, Jaymand M. Targeted protein modification as a paradigm shift in drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115765. [PMID: 37659194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeted Protein Modification (TPM) is an umbrella term encompassing numerous tools and approaches that use bifunctional agents to induce a desired modification over the POI. The most well-known TPM mechanism is PROTAC-directed protein ubiquitination. PROTAC-based targeted degradation offers several advantages over conventional small-molecule inhibitors, has shifted the drug discovery paradigm, and is acquiring increasing interest as over ten PROTACs have entered clinical trials in the past few years. Targeting the protein of interest for proteasomal degradation by PROTACS was the pioneer of various toolboxes for selective protein degradation. Nowadays, the ever-increasing number of tools and strategies for modulating and modifying the POI has expanded far beyond protein degradation, which phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of the protein of interest, targeted acetylation, and selective modification of protein O-GlcNAcylation are among them. These novel strategies have opened new avenues for achieving more precise outcomes while remaining feasible and minimizing side effects. This field, however, is still in its infancy and has a long way to precede widespread use and translation into clinical practice. Herein, we investigate the pros and cons of these novel strategies by exploring the latest advancements in this field. Ultimately, we briefly discuss the emerging potential applications of these innovations in cancer therapy, neurodegeneration, viral infections, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Azadi Badrbani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Sajad Sarvari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Sara Abdolmaleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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17
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Kim Y, Li H, Choi J, Boo J, Jo H, Hyun JY, Shin I. Glycosidase-targeting small molecules for biological and therapeutic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7036-7070. [PMID: 37671645 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00032j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosidases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages in oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. These enzymes play a vital role in a wide variety of biological events, such as digestion of nutritional carbohydrates, lysosomal catabolism of glycoconjugates, and posttranslational modifications of glycoproteins. Abnormal glycosidase activities are associated with a variety of diseases, particularly cancer and lysosomal storage disorders. Owing to the physiological and pathological significance of glycosidases, the development of small molecules that target these enzymes is an active area in glycoscience and medicinal chemistry. Research efforts carried out thus far have led to the discovery of numerous glycosidase-targeting small molecules that have been utilized to elucidate biological processes as well as to develop effective chemotherapeutic agents. In this review, we describe the results of research studies reported since 2018, giving particular emphasis to the use of fluorescent probes for detection and imaging of glycosidases, activity-based probes for covalent labelling of these enzymes, glycosidase inhibitors, and glycosidase-activatable prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joohee Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihyeon Boo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyemi Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Zhu W, Zhang YI, Zhou S, Kai Y, Zhang YQ, Peng C, Li Z, Mughal M, Ma J, Li S, Ma C, Shen M, Hall M. O-GlcNAcylation of MITF regulates its activity and CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3377962. [PMID: 37886470 PMCID: PMC10602086 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3377962/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) play a pivotal role in cell cycle and cancer development. Targeting CDK4/6 has demonstrated promising effects against breast cancer. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings. Using high-throughput combinatorial drug screening and genomic sequencing, we found that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is activated via O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors; O-GlcNAcylation of MITF at Serine 49 enhanced its interaction with importin α/β, thus promoting its translocation to nuclei, where it suppressed palbociclib-induced senescence; inhibition of MITF or its O-GlcNAcylation re-sensitized resistant cells to palbociclib. Remarkably, clinical studies confirmed the activation of MITF in tumors from patients who are palbociclib-resistant or undergoing palbociclib treatment. Collectively, our studies shed light on a novel mechanism regulating palbociclib-resistance, and present clinical evidence for developing therapeutic approaches to treat CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Zhu
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Shuyan Zhou
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Yan Kai
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
| | - Changmin Peng
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Muhammad Mughal
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health
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19
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de Lima Castro M, Dos Passos RR, Justina VD, do Amaral WN, Giachini FR. Physiological and pathological evidence of O-GlcNAcylation regulation during pregnancy related process. Placenta 2023; 141:43-50. [PMID: 37210277 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification (PTM) controlled by the enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Changes in its expression lead to a breakdown in cellular homeostasis, which is linked to several pathological processes. Placentation and embryonic development are periods of high cell activity, and imbalances in cell signaling pathways can result in infertility, miscarriage, or pregnancy complications. O-GlcNAcylation is involved in cellular processes such as genome maintenance, epigenetic regulation, protein synthesis/degradation, metabolic pathways, signaling pathways, apoptosis, and stress response. Trophoblastic differentiation/invasion and placental vasculogenesis, as well as zygote viability and embryonic neuronal development, are all dependent on O-GlcNAcylation. This PTM is required for pluripotency, which is a required condition for embryonic development. Further, this pathway is a nutritional sensor and cell stress marker, which is primarily measured by the OGT enzyme and its product, protein O-GlcNAcylation. Yet, this post-translational modification is enrolled in metabolic and cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy. Finally, evidence of how O-GlcNAc impacts pregnancy during pathological conditions such as hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes, hypertension, and stress disorders are reviewed. Considering this scenario, progress in understanding the role of O- GlcNAcylation in pregnancy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta de Lima Castro
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Rodrigues Dos Passos
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Waldemar Naves do Amaral
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil.
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20
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Sharma Y, Ahlawat S, Ashish, Rao A. Global shape of SvGT, a metal-dependent bacteriocin modifying S/O-HexNActransferase from actinobacteria: c -terminal dimerization modulates the function of this GT. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37712855 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2255906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe hitherto unknown shape-function of S/O-HexNActransferase SvGT (ORF AQF52_3101) instrumental in glycosylation of bacteriocin SvC (ORF AQF52_3099) in Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439. Data from gel filtration, mass spectrometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), experiments confirmed elongated dimeric shape in solution for SvGT protein. Enzyme assays confirmed the dependence of SvGT on the availability of Mg2+ ions to be functionally activated. SAXS data analysis provided that apo and Mg2+-activated protein adopt a shape characterized by a radius of gyration and maximum linear dimension of 5.2 and 17.0 nm, and 5.3 and 17.8 nm, respectively. Alphafold2 server was used to model the monomeric chain of this protein which was docked on self to obtain different poses of the dimeric entity. Experimental SAXS data was used to select and refine the structure of SvGT dimer. Results showed that Mg2+ ions induce reorientation of the GT domain of one chain leading to a dimer with C2 symmetry, and the C-terminal portion entangles with each other in all states. Mutation-rendered alteration in activity profiles confirmed the role of conserved residues around catalytic motif. Global structure analysis puts forth the need to understand the role of constitutionally diverse C-terminal portion in regulating substrate selectivity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shimona Ahlawat
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ashish
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Alka Rao
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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21
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Jo HH, Goh YS, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Kim H, Hwang J, Jung JS, Kang N, Park SE, Park KM, Lee HJ. Tacrolimus Improves Therapeutic Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy by Suppressing DRP1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1727. [PMID: 37760030 PMCID: PMC10525315 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness in diabetic patients. Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) are emerging as a promising new drug for degenerative disease associated with diabetes. Recent studies have shown that high glucose-increased excessive calcium levels are a major risk factor for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) accumulation and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of high glucose-induced NFATC1 signaling in mitochondrial oxidative stress-stimulated apoptosis and the effect of tacrolimus on the therapeutic efficacy of subconjunctival transplantation of UCB-MSCs in a DR rat model. High glucose increased mtROS and cleaved caspase-9 expression in UCB-MSCs. High glucose conditions increased O-GlcNAcylated protein expression and nuclear translocation of NFATC1. Tacrolimus pretreatment recovered high glucose-induced mtROS levels and apoptosis. In the DR rat model, subconjunctival transplantation of tacrolimus-pretreated MSCs improved retinal vessel formation, retinal function, and uveitis. In high glucose conditions, tacrolimus pretreatment reduced protein and mRNA expression levels of DRP1 and inhibited mitochondrial fission. In conclusion, we demonstrated that high glucose-induced O-GlcNAcylation activates NFATC1 signaling, which is important for DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial apoptosis. Finally, we proposed NFATC1 suppression by tacrolimus as a promising therapeutic strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of UCB-MSC transplantation for DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Hyo Jo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (H.H.J.)
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Goh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jih Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (H.H.J.)
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (H.H.J.)
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyi Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Seung Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Nanyoung Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mee Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery and Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jik Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (H.H.J.)
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jo S, Beetch M, Gustafson E, Wong A, Oribamise E, Chung G, Vadrevu S, Satin LS, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Alejandro EU. Sex Differences in Pancreatic β-Cell Physiology and Glucose Homeostasis in C57BL/6J Mice. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad099. [PMID: 37873500 PMCID: PMC10590649 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of sexual dimorphism has been highlighted in recent years since the National Institutes of Health's mandate on considering sex as a biological variable. Although recent studies have taken strides to study both sexes side by side, investigations into the normal physiological differences between males and females are limited. In this study, we aimed to characterized sex-dependent differences in glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell physiology in normal conditions using C57BL/6J mice, the most common mouse strain used in metabolic studies. Here, we report that female mice have improved glucose and insulin tolerance associated with lower nonfasted blood glucose and insulin levels compared with male mice at 3 and 6 months of age. Both male and female animals show β-cell mass expansion from embryonic day 17.5 to adulthood, and no sex differences were observed at embryonic day 17.5, newborn, 1 month, or 3 months of age. However, 6-month-old males displayed increased β-cell mass in response to insulin resistance compared with littermate females. Molecularly, we uncovered sexual dimorphic alterations in the protein levels of nutrient sensing proteins O-GlcNAc transferase and mTOR, as well as differences in glucose-stimulus coupling mechanisms that may underlie the differences in sexually dimorphic β-cell physiology observed in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Megan Beetch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric Gustafson
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alicia Wong
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eunice Oribamise
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Grace Chung
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Suryakiran Vadrevu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Leslie S Satin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Diabetes, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Miami VA Healthcare System and Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Emilyn U Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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23
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Covert JD, Grice BA, Thornburg MG, Kaur M, Ryan AP, Tackett L, Bhamidipati T, Stull ND, Kim T, Habegger KM, McClain DA, Brozinick JT, Elmendorf JS. An early, reversible cholesterolgenic etiology of diet-induced insulin resistance. Mol Metab 2023; 72:101715. [PMID: 37019209 PMCID: PMC10114231 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A buildup of skeletal muscle plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol content in mice occurs within 1 week of a Western-style high-fat diet and causes insulin resistance. The mechanism driving this cholesterol accumulation and insulin resistance is not known. Promising cell data implicate that the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) triggers a cholesterolgenic response via increasing the transcriptional activity of Sp1. In this study we aimed to determine whether increased HBP/Sp1 activity represented a preventable cause of insulin resistance. METHODS C57BL/6NJ mice were fed either a low-fat (LF, 10% kcal) or high-fat (HF, 45% kcal) diet for 1 week. During this 1-week diet the mice were treated daily with either saline or mithramycin-A (MTM), a specific Sp1/DNA-binding inhibitor. A series of metabolic and tissue analyses were then performed on these mice, as well as on mice with targeted skeletal muscle overexpression of the rate-limiting HBP enzyme glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate-amidotransferase (GFAT) that were maintained on a regular chow diet. RESULTS Saline-treated mice fed this HF diet for 1 week did not have an increase in adiposity, lean mass, or body mass while displaying early insulin resistance. Consistent with an HBP/Sp1 cholesterolgenic response, Sp1 displayed increased O-GlcNAcylation and binding to the HMGCR promoter that increased HMGCR expression in skeletal muscle from saline-treated HF-fed mice. Skeletal muscle from these saline-treated HF-fed mice also showed a resultant elevation of PM cholesterol with an accompanying loss of cortical filamentous actin (F-actin) that is essential for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Treating these mice daily with MTM during the 1-week HF diet fully prevented the diet-induced Sp1 cholesterolgenic response, loss of cortical F-actin, and development of insulin resistance. Similarly, increases in HMGCR expression and cholesterol were measured in muscle from GFAT transgenic mice compared to age- and weight-match wildtype littermate control mice. In the GFAT Tg mice we found that these increases were alleviated by MTM. CONCLUSIONS These data identify increased HBP/Sp1 activity as an early mechanism of diet-induced insulin resistance. Therapies targeting this mechanism may decelerate T2D development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Covert
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Brian A Grice
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew G Thornburg
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrew P Ryan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lixuan Tackett
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Theja Bhamidipati
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Natalie D Stull
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Teayoun Kim
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kirk M Habegger
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Donald A McClain
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Joseph T Brozinick
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Elmendorf
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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24
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Wu HF, Huang CW, Art J, Liu HX, Hart GW, Zeltner N. O-GlcNAcylation is crucial for sympathetic neuron development, maintenance, functionality and contributes to peripheral neuropathy. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1137847. [PMID: 37229433 PMCID: PMC10203903 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1137847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that regulates a wide range of cellular functions and has been associated with multiple metabolic diseases in various organs. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is the efferent portion of the autonomic nervous system that regulates metabolism of almost all organs in the body. How much the development and functionality of the SNS are influenced by O-GlcNAcylation, as well as how such regulation could contribute to sympathetic neuron (symN)-related neuropathy in diseased states, remains unknown. Here, we assessed the level of protein O-GlcNAcylation at various stages of symN development, using a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based symN differentiation paradigm. We found that pharmacological disruption of O-GlcNAcylation impaired both the growth and survival of hPSC-derived symNs. In the high glucose condition that mimics hyperglycemia, hPSC-derived symNs were hyperactive, and their regenerative capacity was impaired, which resembled typical neuronal defects in patients and animal models of diabetes mellitus. Using this model of sympathetic neuropathy, we discovered that O-GlcNAcylation increased in symNs under high glucose, which lead to hyperactivity. Pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation rescued high glucose-induced symN hyperactivity and cell stress. This framework provides the first insight into the roles of O-GlcNAcylation in both healthy and diseased human symNs and may be used as a platform for therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Fu Wu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jennifer Art
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Nadja Zeltner
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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25
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Khanal S, Bhavnani N, Mathias A, Lallo J, Gupta S, Ohanyan V, Ferrell JM, Raman P. Deletion of Smooth Muscle O-GlcNAc Transferase Prevents Development of Atherosclerosis in Western Diet-Fed Hyperglycemic ApoE -/- Mice In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7899. [PMID: 37175604 PMCID: PMC10178779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence highlights protein O-GlcNAcylation as a putative pathogenic contributor of diabetic vascular complications. We previously reported that elevated protein O-GlcNAcylation correlates with increased atherosclerotic lesion formation and VSMC proliferation in response to hyperglycemia. However, the role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), regulator of O-GlcNAc signaling, in the evolution of diabetic atherosclerosis remains elusive. The goal of this study was to determine whether smooth muscle OGT (smOGT) plays a direct role in hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerotic lesion formation and SMC de-differentiation. Using tamoxifen-inducible Myh11-CreERT2 and Ogtfl/fl mice, we generated smOGTWT and smOGTKO mice, with and without ApoE-null backgrounds. Following STZ-induced hyperglycemia, smOGTWT and smOGTKO mice were kept on a standard laboratory diet for the study duration. In a parallel study, smOGTWTApoE-/- and smOGTKOApoE-/- were initiated on Western diet at 8-wks-age. Animals harvested at 14-16-wks-age were used for plasma and tissue collection. Loss of smOGT augmented SM contractile marker expression in aortic vessels of STZ-induced hyperglycemic smOGTKO mice. Consistently, smOGT deletion attenuated atherosclerotic lesion lipid burden (Oil red O), plaque area (H&E), leukocyte (CD45) and smooth muscle cell (ACTA2) abundance in Western diet-fed hyperglycemic smOGTKOApoE-/- mice. This was accompanied by increased SM contractile markers and reduced inflammatory and proliferative marker expression. Further, smOGT deletion attenuated YY1 and SRF expression (transcriptional regulators of SM contractile genes) in hyperglycemic smOGTKOApoE-/- and smOGTKO mice. These data uncover an athero-protective outcome of smOGT loss-of-function and suggest a direct regulatory role of OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation in VSMC de-differentiation in hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugat Khanal
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Neha Bhavnani
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Amy Mathias
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Jason Lallo
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Shreya Gupta
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Vahagn Ohanyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Jessica M. Ferrell
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Priya Raman
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (S.K.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
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26
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Paneque A, Fortus H, Zheng J, Werlen G, Jacinto E. The Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway: Regulation and Function. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040933. [PMID: 37107691 PMCID: PMC10138107 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl glucosamine, UDP-GlcNAc, which is a key metabolite that is used for N- or O-linked glycosylation, a co- or post-translational modification, respectively, that modulates protein activity and expression. The production of hexosamines can occur via de novo or salvage mechanisms that are catalyzed by metabolic enzymes. Nutrients including glutamine, glucose, acetyl-CoA, and UTP are utilized by the HBP. Together with availability of these nutrients, signaling molecules that respond to environmental signals, such as mTOR, AMPK, and stress-regulated transcription factors, modulate the HBP. This review discusses the regulation of GFAT, the key enzyme of the de novo HBP, as well as other metabolic enzymes that catalyze the reactions to produce UDP-GlcNAc. We also examine the contribution of the salvage mechanisms in the HBP and how dietary supplementation of the salvage metabolites glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine could reprogram metabolism and have therapeutic potential. We elaborate on how UDP-GlcNAc is utilized for N-glycosylation of membrane and secretory proteins and how the HBP is reprogrammed during nutrient fluctuations to maintain proteostasis. We also consider how O-GlcNAcylation is coupled to nutrient availability and how this modification modulates cell signaling. We summarize how deregulation of protein N-glycosylation and O-GlcNAcylation can lead to diseases including cancer, diabetes, immunodeficiencies, and congenital disorders of glycosylation. We review the current pharmacological strategies to inhibit GFAT and other enzymes involved in the HBP or glycosylation and how engineered prodrugs could have better therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of diseases related to HBP deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysta Paneque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Harvey Fortus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Julia Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Guy Werlen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Goralska J, Razny U, Gruca A, Zdzienicka A, Micek A, Dembinska-Kiec A, Solnica B, Malczewska-Malec M. Plasma Cytokeratin-18 Fragment Level Reflects the Metabolic Phenotype in Obesity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040675. [PMID: 37189422 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the non-invasive identification and monitoring of the outcome of liver damage in obese patients. Plasma cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) fragment levels correlate with the magnitude of hepatocyte apoptosis and have recently been proposed to independently predict the presence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The aim of the study was to analyze the associations of CK-18 with obesity and related complications: insulin resistance, impaired lipid metabolism and the secretion of hepatokines, adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The study involved 151 overweight and obese patients (BMI 25-40), without diabetes, dyslipidemia or apparent liver disease. Liver function was assessed based on alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and the fatty liver index (FLI). CK-18 M30 plasma levels, FGF-21, FGF-19 and cytokines were determined by ELISA. CK-18 values >150 U/l were accompanied by high ALT, GGT and FLI, insulin resistance, postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, elevated FGF-21 and MCP-1 and decreased adiponectin. ALT activity was the strongest independent factor influencing high CK-18 plasma levels, even after an adjustment for age, sex and BMI [β coefficient (95%CI): 0.40 (0.19-0.61)]. In conclusion, the applied CK-18 cut-off point at 150 U/l allows to distinguish between two metabolic phenotypes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Goralska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Razny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Gruca
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Zdzienicka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Jagiellonian University Medical College; Michałowskiego 12, 31-126 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aldona Dembinska-Kiec
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bogdan Solnica
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Malczewska-Malec
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska 8, 31-066 Krakow, Poland
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28
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Mishra S, Ma J, McKoy D, Sasaki M, Farinelli F, Page RC, Ranek MJ, Zachara N, Kass DA. Transient receptor potential canonical type 6 (TRPC6) O-GlcNAcylation at Threonine-221 plays potent role in channel regulation. iScience 2023; 26:106294. [PMID: 36936781 PMCID: PMC10014292 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical type 6 (TRPC6) is a non-voltage-gated channel that principally conducts calcium. Elevated channel activation contributes to fibrosis, hypertrophy, and proteinuria, often coupled to stimulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT). TRPC6 is post-translationally regulated, but a role for O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) as elevated by diabetes, is unknown. Here we show TRPC6 is constitutively O-GlcNAcylated at Ser14, Thr70, and Thr221 in the N-terminus ankryn-4 (AR4) and linker (LH1) domains. Mutagenesis to alanine reveals T221 as a critical controller of resting TRPC6 conductance, and associated NFAT activity and pro-hypertrophic signaling. T→A mutations at sites homologous in closely related TRPC3 and TRPC7 also increases their activity. Molecular modeling predicts interactions between Thr221-O-GlcNAc and Ser199, Glu200, and Glu246, and combined alanine substitutions of the latter similarly elevates resting NFAT activity. Thus, O-GlcNAcylated T221 and interactions with coordinating residues is required for normal TRPC6 channel conductance and NFAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Mishra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Desirae McKoy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Federica Farinelli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard C. Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Mark J. Ranek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Natasha Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A. Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Corresponding author
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29
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Maucieri AM, Townson DH. Evaluating the impact of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and O-GlcNAcylation on glucose metabolism in bovine granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 564:111863. [PMID: 36690170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) of ovarian follicles prefer glucose as a metabolic substrate for growth and maturation. Disruption of glucose utilization via the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) impairs O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) and inhibits proliferation of bovine GCs of both small (3-5 mm) and large (>8.5 mm) antral follicles. Knowing that 2-5% of all glucose in cells is utilized via the HBP, the aim of this study was to characterize glucose metabolism in bovine GCs and determine the impact of the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation on metabolic activity. The GCs were initially cultured in serum-containing medium to confluency and then sub-cultured in serum-free medium in 96 well plates (n = 10 ovary pairs). The cells were exposed to vehicle and inhibitors of the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation for 24 h. Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR; an indicator of glycolysis) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR; an indicator of oxidative phosphorylation) of the GCs were measured using a Seahorse xFe96 Analyzer, including the implementation of glycolytic and mitochondrial stress tests. GCs from small antral follicles exhibited overall greater metabolic activity than GCs from large antral follicles as evidenced by increased ECAR and OCR. Inhibition of the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation had no effect on the metabolic activity of GCs from either type of follicle. The glycolytic stress test indicated that GCs from both types of follicles possessed additional glycolytic capacity; but again, inhibition of the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation did not affect this. Interestingly, inhibition of cellular respiration by 2-Deoxy-D-glucose impaired OCR only in GCs from small antral follicles, but exposure to the mitochondrial stress test had no effect. Conversely, in GCs from large antral follicles, oxidative metabolism was impaired by the mitochondrial stress test and was accompanied by a concomitant increase in glycolytic metabolism. Immunodetection of glycolytic enzymes revealed that phosphofructokinase expression is increased in GCs of small antral follicles compared to large follicles. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation impaired the expression of hexokinase only in GCs of small antral follicles. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation also impaired the expression of phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in GCs of both types of follicles, but had no effect on the expression of lactate dehydrogenase. The results indicate that GCs of small antral follicles possess greater aerobic glycolytic capacity than GCs from large antral follicles; but disruption of the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation has little to no impact on metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Maucieri
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - David H Townson
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA; Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
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30
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Chomphoo S, Kunprom W, Thithuan K, Sorin S, Khawkhiaw K, Kamkaew A, Phoomak C, Chiu CF, Saengboonmee C. Hyperglycemia Alters O-GlcNAcylation Patterns of Hepatocytes in Mice Treated With Hepatoxic Carcinogen. In Vivo 2023; 37:685-695. [PMID: 36881103 PMCID: PMC10026651 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with unclarified mechanisms. This study investigated the effects of hyperglycemia on O-GlcNacylation in hepatocytes and its associations with hepatocarcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse and human HCC cell lines were used in an in vitro model of hyperglycemia. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of high glucose on O-GlcNacylation in HCC cells. Twenty 4-week-old C3H/HeNJcl mice were randomized into four groups: non-DM control, non-DM plus diethylnitrosamine (DEN), DM, and DM plus DEN. DM was induced using intraperitoneal injection of a single high dose of streptozotocin. DEN was used to induce HCC. All mice were euthanized at week 16 after DM induction, and the liver tissues were histologically examined using hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS High glucose increased O-GlcNacylated proteins in mouse and human HCC cell lines compared with those cultured at normal glucose concentration. Mice with hyperglycemia or DEN treatment had increased O-GlcNacylated proteins in hepatocytes. No gross tumors were evident at the end of the experiment but hepatic morbidity was observed. Mice with hyperglycemia and DEN treatment showed greater histological morbidity in their livers, i.e. increased nuclear size, hepatocellular swelling and sinusoidal dilatation, compared with mice in the DM group or treated with DEN alone. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia increased O-GlcNAcylation in both in vitro and animal models. Increased O-GlcNAcylated proteins may be associated with hepatic histological morbidities which then promote HCC development in carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surang Chomphoo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Waritta Kunprom
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Thithuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supannika Sorin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kullanat Khawkhiaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anyanee Kamkaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Phoomak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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31
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Emerging Role of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Liver Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032142. [PMID: 36768465 PMCID: PMC9916810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked b-N-acetyl-glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins, and is established by modifying the serine or threonine residues of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAc signaling is considered a critical nutrient sensor, and affects numerous proteins involved in cellular metabolic processes. O-GlcNAcylation modulates protein functions in different patterns, including protein stabilization, enzymatic activity, transcriptional activity, and protein interactions. Disrupted O-GlcNAcylation is associated with an abnormal metabolic state, and may result in metabolic disorders. As the liver is the center of nutrient metabolism, this review provides a brief description of the features of the O-GlcNAc signaling pathway, and summarizes the regulatory functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in liver metabolism. Finally, this review highlights the role of O-GlcNAcylation in liver-associated diseases, such as diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hope this review not only benefits the understanding of O-GlcNAc biology, but also provides new insights for treatments against liver-associated metabolic disorders.
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32
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Ge Y, Lu H, Yang B, Woo CM. Small Molecule-Activated O-GlcNAcase for Spatiotemporal Removal of O-GlcNAc in Live Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:193-201. [PMID: 36598936 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The nutrient sensor O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification found on thousands of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. O-GlcNAc levels in cells dynamically respond to environmental cues in a temporal and spatial manner, leading to altered signal transduction and functional effects. The spatiotemporal regulation of O-GlcNAc levels would accelerate functional interrogation of O-GlcNAc and manipulation of cell behaviors for desired outcomes. Here, we report a strategy for spatiotemporal reduction of O-GlcNAc in live cells by designing an O-GlcNAcase (OGA) fused to an intein triggered by 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-HT). After rational protein engineering and optimization, we identified an OGA-intein variant whose deglycosidase activity can be triggered in the desired subcellular compartments by 4-HT in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that 4-HT activation of the OGA-intein fusion can likewise potentiate inhibitory effects in breast cancer cells by virtue of the reduction of O-GlcNAc. The spatiotemporal control of O-GlcNAc through the chemically activatable OGA-intein fusion will facilitate the manipulation and functional understanding of O-GlcNAc in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hailin Lu
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Christina M Woo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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33
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Tanaka T, Habuchi Y, Okuno R, Nishimura S, Tsuji S, Aso Y, Ohnuma T. The first report of enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by family GH84 N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase using a sugar oxazoline derivative as a glycosyl donor. Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108740. [PMID: 36634517 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
O-Glycosylated N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine-selective N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase), belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 84 (GH84), is known as a retaining glycosidase with the possibility of enzymatic transglycosylation. However, no enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by GH84 O-GlcNAcase has been reported. Here, enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by GH84 O-GlcNAcase was first reported. The enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by the GH84 O-GlcNAcase from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtGH84 O-GlcNAcase) was attained using 1,2-oxazoline derivative of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc oxazoline) as a glycosyl donor substrate. The β-linked N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) derivative was enzymatically synthesized using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide as an acceptor substrate. Interestingly, the β1,6-linked disaccharide derivative of GlcNAc was also obtained in the case of using the GlcNAc derivative with a triazole-linked acrylamide group as an acceptor substrate. Additionally, a one-pot chemo-enzymatic transglycosylation starting from unprotected GlcNAc through GlcNAc oxazoline successfully showed through the combination with the direct synthesis of GlcNAc oxazoline in water and the enzymatic transglycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Tanaka
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Habuchi
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Okuno
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shota Nishimura
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Sotaro Tsuji
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Aso
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohnuma
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan; Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute (ATIRI), Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
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34
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Boo J, Lee J, Kim YH, Lee CH, Ku B, Shin I. A fluorescent probe to simultaneously detect both O-GlcNAcase and phosphatase. Front Chem 2023; 11:1133018. [PMID: 36936532 PMCID: PMC10015443 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1133018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAc modification of proteins often has crosstalk with protein phosphorylation. These posttranslational modifications are highly dynamic events that modulate a wide range of cellular processes. Owing to the physiological and pathological significance of protein O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation, we designed the fluorescent probe, βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod-P, to differentially detect activities of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) and phosphatase, enzymes that are responsible for these modifications. βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod-P was comprised of a βGlcNAc-conjugated coumarin (βGlcNAc-CM) acting as an OGA substrate, a phosphorylated rhodol (Rhod-P) as a phosphatase substrate and a piperazine bridge. Because the emission wavelength maxima of CM and Rhod liberated from the probe are greatly different (100 nm), spectral interference is avoided. The results of this study revealed that treatment of βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod-P with OGA promotes formation of the GlcNAc-cleaved probe, CM-Rhod-P, and a consequent increase in the intensity of fluorescence associated with free CM. Also, it was found that exposure of the probe to phosphatase produces a dephosphorylated probe, βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod, which displays strong fluorescence arising from free Rhod. On the other hand, when incubated with both OGA and phosphatase, βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod-P was converted to CM-Rhod which lacked both βGlcNAc and phosphoryl groups, in conjunction with increases in the intensities of fluorescence arising from both free CM and Rhod. This probe was employed to detect activities of OGA and phosphatase in cell lysates and to fluorescently image both enzymes in cells. Collectively, the findings indicate that βGlcNAc-CM-Rhod-P can be utilized as a chemical tool to simultaneously determine activities of OGA and phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Boo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonsu Ku
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Injae Shin,
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35
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Burns MWN, Kohler JJ. Engineering Glyco‐Enzymes for Substrate Identification and Targeting. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary W. N. Burns
- Department of Biochemistry UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA
| | - Jennifer J. Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75390 USA
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36
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The Potential Roles of Post-Translational Modifications of PPARγ in Treating Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121832. [PMID: 36551260 PMCID: PMC9775095 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is mainly characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion deficiency, has been soaring in recent years. Accompanied by many other metabolic syndromes, such as cardiovascular diseases, T2DM represents a big challenge to public health and economic development. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated nuclear receptor that is critical in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, has been developed as a powerful drug target for T2DM, such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Despite thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of PPARγ agonists, having been proven to be potent insulin sensitizers, their use is restricted in the treatment of diabetes for their adverse effects. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have shed light on the selective activation of PPARγ, which shows great potential to circumvent TZDs' side effects while maintaining insulin sensitization. In this review, we will focus on the potential effects of PTMs of PPARγ on treating T2DM in terms of phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, O-GlcNAcylation, and S-nitrosylation. A better understanding of PTMs of PPARγ will help to design a new generation of safer compounds targeting PPARγ to treat type 2 diabetes.
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37
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Lu Q, Zhang X, Liang T, Bai X. O-GlcNAcylation: an important post-translational modification and a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:115. [PMID: 36104770 PMCID: PMC9476278 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-d-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an important post-translational modification of serine or threonine residues on thousands of proteins in the nucleus and cytoplasm of all animals and plants. In eukaryotes, only two conserved enzymes are involved in this process. O-GlcNAc transferase is responsible for adding O-GlcNAc to proteins, while O-GlcNAcase is responsible for removing it. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is associated with a variety of human diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed that O-GlcNAcylation is involved in the occurrence and progression of cancers in multiple systems throughout the body. It is also involved in regulating multiple cancer hallmarks, such as metabolic reprogramming, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we first describe the process of O-GlcNAcylation and the structure and function of O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes. In addition, we detail the occurrence of O-GlcNAc in various cancers and the role it plays. Finally, we discuss the potential of O-GlcNAc as a promising biomarker and novel therapeutic target for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Teuma L, Eshwaran R, Tawokam Fongang U, Wieland J, Shao F, Lagana ML, Wang Y, Agaci A, Hammes HP, Feng Y. Glucosamine inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental diabetic nephropathy. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1048305. [PMID: 36532524 PMCID: PMC9751334 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1048305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucosamine, the intermediate metabolite of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), is widely used as a supplementary drug in patients with osteoarthritis. However, its consequences in such patients concomitantly suffering from diabetic nephropathy is unknown. METHODS The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of exogenous administration of glucosamine in the diabetic kidney. A mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in vivo and cultured endothelial cells in vitro were used in the study. The mice were treated with glucosamine for 6 months. Renal function was evaluated by metabolic cage, and histology of the kidney was estimated by periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining. The expression of related genes was assessed by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence staining, immunoblotting and ELISA. RESULTS There was no significant difference in urinary albumin secretion, relative kidney weight, or creatinine clearance between the groups treated with glucosamine and controls. Assessment of the kidney demonstrated reduction in mesangial expansion and fibronectin expression in the diabetic glomeruli treated with glucosamine. Glucosamine treatment significantly decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression in both diabetic and control kidneys, whereas the expression of other fibrosis-related genes and inflammatory factors was unaltered. Moreover, α-SMA colocalized with the endothelial marker CD31 in the diabetic and control kidneys, and glucosamine reduced α-SMA+ ECs in the diabetic glomeruli. In addition, glucosamine suppressed α-SMA expression in endothelial cells treated with or without high glucose. DISCUSSION In summary, this is the first report to show that glucosamine reduces mesangial expansion and inhibits endothelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy. The underlying mechanisms need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loic Teuma
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rachana Eshwaran
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tawokam Fongang
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johanna Wieland
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Feng Shao
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Luisa Lagana
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Yixin Wang
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ane Agaci
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Clinic, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yuxi Feng
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Liu H, Luo W, Liu J, Kang X, Yan J, Zhang T, Yang L, Shen L, Liu D. The glucotoxicity protecting effect of honokiol in human hepatocytes via directly activating AMPK. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1043009. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1043009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSustained hyperglycemia causes glucotoxicity, which has been regarded as a contributor to hepatocyte damage in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its metabolic comorbidities. Honokiol is a natural biphenolic component derived from the dietary supplement Magnolia officinalis extract. This study aimed to investigate the effects of honokiol on glucose metabolism disorders and oxidative stress in hepatocytes and the underlying mechanisms.MethodsHepG2 cells were treated with glucosamines (18 mM) to induce glucotoxicity as a diabetic complication model in vitro.Results and discussionHonokiol significantly increased glucose consumption, elevated 2-NBDG uptake, and promoted GLUT2 translocation to the plasma membrane in glucosamine-treated HepG2 cells, indicating that honokiol ameliorates glucose metabolism disorders. Furthermore, glucosamine-induced ROS accumulation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were markedly reduced by honokiol, suggesting that honokiol alleviated glucotoxicity-induced oxidative stress. These effects were largely abolished by compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, suggesting an AMPK activation-dependent manner of honokiol function in promoting glucose metabolism and mitigating oxidative stress. Molecular docking results revealed that honokiol could interact with the amino acid residues (His151, Arg152, Lys243, Arg70, Lys170, and His298) in the active site of AMPK. These findings provide new insights into the antidiabetic effect of honokiol, which may be a promising agent for the prevention and treatment of T2D and associated metabolic comorbidities.
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Jo S, Pritchard S, Wong A, Avula N, Essawy A, Hanover J, Alejandro EU. Pancreatic β-cell hyper-O-GlcNAcylation leads to impaired glucose homeostasis in vivo. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1040014. [PMID: 36387851 PMCID: PMC9644030 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1040014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a nutrient and stress-sensitive protein post-translational modification (PTM). The addition of an O-GlcNAc molecule to proteins is catalyzed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), whereas O-GlcNAcase (OGA) enzyme is responsible for removal of this PTM. Previous work showed that OGT is highly expressed in the pancreas, and we demonstrated that hypo-O-GlcNAcylation in β-cells cause severe diabetes in mice. These studies show a direct link between nutrient-sensitive OGT and β-cell health and function. In the current study, we hypothesized that hyper-O-GlcNAcylation may confer protection from β-cell failure in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. To test this hypothesis, we generated a mouse model with constitutive β-cell OGA ablation (βOGAKO) to specifically increase O-GlcNAcylation in β-cells. Under normal chow diet, young male and female βOGAKO mice exhibited normal glucose tolerance but developed glucose intolerance with aging, relative to littermate controls. No alteration in β-cell mass was observed between βOGAKO and littermate controls. Total insulin content was reduced despite an increase in pro-insulin to insulin ratio in βOGAKO islets. βOGAKO mice showed deficit in insulin secretion in vivo and in vitro. When young animals were subjected to HFD, both male and female βOGAKO mice displayed normal body weight gain and insulin tolerance but developed glucose intolerance that worsened with longer exposure to HFD. Comparable β-cell mass was found between βOGAKO and littermate controls. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the loss of OGA in β-cells reduces β-cell function, thereby perturbing glucose homeostasis. The findings reinforce the rheostat model of intracellular O-GlcNAcylation where too much (OGA loss) or too little (OGT loss) O-GlcNAcylation are both detrimental to the β-cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Samantha Pritchard
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Alicia Wong
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Nandini Avula
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ahmad Essawy
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - John Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Emilyn U. Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Silva-Aguiar RP, Peruchetti DB, Pinheiro AAS, Caruso-Neves C, Dias WB. O-GlcNAcylation in Renal (Patho)Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911260. [PMID: 36232558 PMCID: PMC9569498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys maintain internal milieu homeostasis through a well-regulated manipulation of body fluid composition. This task is performed by the correlation between structure and function in the nephron. Kidney diseases are chronic conditions impacting healthcare programs globally, and despite efforts, therapeutic options for its treatment are limited. The development of chronic degenerative diseases is associated with changes in protein O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translation modification involved in the regulation of diverse cell function. O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by the enzymatic balance between O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) which add and remove GlcNAc residues on target proteins, respectively. Furthermore, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway provides the substrate for protein O-GlcNAcylation. Beyond its physiological role, several reports indicate the participation of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss the impact of protein O-GlcNAcylation on physiological renal function, disease conditions, and possible future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo P. Silva-Aguiar
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Diogo B. Peruchetti
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Acacia S. Pinheiro
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Caruso-Neves
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Wagner B. Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Dupas T, Betus C, Blangy-Letheule A, Pelé T, Persello A, Denis M, Lauzier B. An overview of tools to decipher O-GlcNAcylation from historical approaches to new insights. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 151:106289. [PMID: 36031106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification which affects approximately 5000 human proteins. Its involvement has been shown in many if not all biological processes. Variations in O-GlcNAcylation levels can be associated with the development of diseases. Deciphering the role of O-GlcNAcylation is an important issue to (i) understand its involvement in pathophysiological development and (ii) develop new therapeutic strategies to modulate O-GlcNAc levels. Over the past 30 years, despite the development of several approaches, knowledge of its role and regulation have remained limited. This review proposes an overview of the currently available tools to study O-GlcNAcylation and identify O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Briefly, we discuss pharmacological modulators, methods to study O-GlcNAcylation levels and approaches for O-GlcNAcylomic profiling. This review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the methods used to study O-GlcNAcylation and to promote efforts in the development of new strategies to explore this promising modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dupas
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Charlotte Betus
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | | | - Thomas Pelé
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Persello
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Manon Denis
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lauzier
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Sharma I, Yadav KS, Mugale MN. Redoxisome and diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106292. [PMID: 35691540 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is a worldwide growing epidemic disease considered to be the leading cause of vision-loss and blindness in people with DM. Redox reactions occurring at the extra- and intracellular levels are essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of redox homeostasis are implicated in the onset and development of DR. Thioredoxin1 (TRX1) and Thioredoxin2 (TRX2) are cytoplasmic and mitochondrially localized antioxidant proteins ubiquitously expressed in various cells and control cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing the disulfides into thiol groups. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) binds to TRX system and inhibits the active reduced form of TRX through disulfide exchange reaction. Recent studies indicate the association of TRX/TXNIP with redox signal transduction pathways including activation of Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, apoptosis, autophagy/mitophagy, epigenetic modifications in a redox-dependent manner. Thus, it is important to gain a more in-depth understanding about the cellular and molecular mechanisms that links redoxisome and ER/Mitochondrial dysfunction to drive the progression of DR. The purpose of this review is to provide a mechanistic understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological roles associated with redoxisome, the TRX/TXNIP redox signaling complex under oxidative stress in the development of DR. Also, the molecular targets of FDA approved drugs and clinical trials in addition to effective antioxidant strategies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Sharma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Karan Singh Yadav
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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Yoshida M, Yokoi N, Takahashi H, Hatano N, Hayami T, Ogawa W, Seino S. O-GlcNAcylation of myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D negatively regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 605:90-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Parween S, Alawathugoda TT, Prabakaran AD, Dheen ST, Morse RH, Emerald BS, Ansari SA. Nutrient sensitive protein O-GlcNAcylation modulates the transcriptome through epigenetic mechanisms during embryonic neurogenesis. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/8/e202201385. [PMID: 35470239 PMCID: PMC9039347 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic, nutrient-sensitive mono-glycosylation deposited on numerous nucleo-cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, and histones. However, the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation on epigenome regulation in response to nutrient perturbations during development is not well understood. Herein we recapitulated early human embryonic neurogenesis in cell culture and found that pharmacological up-regulation of O-GlcNAc levels during human embryonic stem cells' neuronal differentiation leads to up-regulation of key neurogenic transcription factor genes. This transcriptional de-repression is associated with reduced H3K27me3 and increased H3K4me3 levels on the promoters of these genes, perturbing promoter bivalency possibly through increased EZH2-Thr311 phosphorylation. Elevated O-GlcNAc levels also lead to increased Pol II-Ser5 phosphorylation and affect H2BS112O-GlcNAc and H2BK120Ub1 on promoters. Using an in vivo rat model of maternal hyperglycemia, we show similarly elevated O-GlcNAc levels and epigenetic dysregulations in the developing embryo brains because of hyperglycemia, whereas pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) restored these molecular changes. Together, our results demonstrate O-GlcNAc mediated sensitivity of chromatin to nutrient status, and indicate how metabolic perturbations could affect gene expression during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Parween
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thilina T Alawathugoda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashok D Prabakaran
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Randall H Morse
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suraiya A Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates .,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Discovery of a New Drug-Like Series of OGT Inhibitors by Virtual Screening. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061996. [PMID: 35335358 PMCID: PMC8950328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an essential post-translational modification installed by the enzyme O-β-N-acetyl-d-glucosaminyl transferase (OGT). Modulating this enzyme would be extremely valuable to better understand its role in the development of serious human pathologies, such as diabetes and cancer. However, the limited availability of potent and selective inhibitors hinders the validation of this potential therapeutic target. To explore new chemotypes that target the active site of OGT, we performed virtual screening of a large library of commercially available compounds with drug-like properties. We purchased samples of the most promising virtual hits and used enzyme assays to identify authentic leads. Structure-activity relationships of the best identified OGT inhibitor were explored by generating a small library of derivatives. Our best hit displays a novel uridine mimetic scaffold and inhibited the recombinant enzyme with an IC50 value of 7 µM. The current hit represents an excellent starting point for designing and developing a new set of OGT inhibitors that may prove useful for exploring the biology of OGT.
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Abstract
Post-translational modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a process referred to as O-GlcNAcylation, occurs on a vast variety of proteins. Mounting evidence in the past several decades has clearly demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is a unique and ubiquitous modification. Reminiscent of a code, protein O-GlcNAcylation functions as a crucial regulator of nearly all cellular processes studied. The primary aim of this review is to summarize the developments in our understanding of myriad protein substrates modified by O-GlcNAcylation from a systems perspective. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive survey of O-GlcNAcylation in multiple species studied, including eukaryotes (e.g., protists, fungi, plants, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, murine, and human), prokaryotes, and some viruses. We evaluate features (e.g., structural properties and sequence motifs) of O-GlcNAc modification on proteins across species. Given that O-GlcNAcylation functions in a species-, tissue-/cell-, protein-, and site-specific manner, we discuss the functional roles of O-GlcNAcylation on human proteins. We focus particularly on several classes of relatively well-characterized human proteins (including transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and E3 ubiquitin-ligases), with representative O-GlcNAc site-specific functions presented. We hope the systems view of the great endeavor in the past 35 years will help demystify the O-GlcNAc code and lead to more fascinating studies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
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Nishimura K, Fujita Y, Ida S, Yanagimachi T, Ohashi N, Nishi K, Nishida A, Iwasaki Y, Morino K, Ugi S, Nishi E, Andoh A, Maegawa H. Glycaemia and body weight are regulated by sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) expression via O-GlcNAcylation in the intestine. Mol Metab 2022; 59:101458. [PMID: 35189429 PMCID: PMC8902621 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusion Intestine-specific OGT depletion results in weight loss and hypoglycaemia. It reduces SGLT1 expression, resulting in glucose absorption from the gut. OGT knockdown may contribute to diminish glucose-induced incretin secretion. OGT may regulate SGLT1 expression via the cAMP/CREB-dependent pathway. O-GlcNAcylation regulates SGLT1 expression in the intestine and the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Nishimura
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Fujita
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Shogo Ida
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yanagimachi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Natsuko Ohashi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Iwasaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Mie 510-029, Japan
| | - Katsutaro Morino
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; Institutional Research Office, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ugi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
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Wong YK, Wang J, Lim TK, Lin Q, Yap CT, Shen HM. O-GlcNAcylation promotes fatty acid synthase activity under nutritional stress as a pro-survival mechanism in cancer cells. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2100175. [PMID: 35083852 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a specific form of protein glycosylation that targets a wide range of proteins with important functions. O-GlcNAcylation is known to be deregulated in cancer and has been linked to multiple aspects of cancer pathology. Despite its ubiquity and importance, the current understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the stress response remains limited. In this study, we performed a quantitative chemical proteomics-based open study of the O-GlcNAcome in HeLa cells, and identified 163 differentially-glycosylated proteins under starvation, involving multiple metabolic pathways. Among them, fatty acid metabolism was found to be targeted and subsequent analysis confirmed that fatty acid synthase (FASN) is O-GlcNAcylated. O-GlcNAcylation led to enhanced de novo fatty acid synthesis activity, and fatty acids contributed to the cytoprotective effects of O-GlcNAcylation under starvation. Moreover, dual inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and FASN displayed a strong synergistic effect in vitro in inducing cell death in cancer cells. Together, the results from this study provide novel insights into the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the nutritional stress response and suggest the potential of combining inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and fatty acid synthesis in cancer therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Kwan Wong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Jigang Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Teck Kwang Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Qingsong Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Celestial T Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.,Cancer Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.,National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Moon S, Javed A, Hard ER, Pratt MR. Methods for Studying Site-Specific O-GlcNAc Modifications: Successes, Limitations, and Important Future Goals. JACS AU 2022; 2:74-83. [PMID: 35098223 PMCID: PMC8791055 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification which affects myriad proteins, cellular functions, and disease states. Its presence or absence modulates protein function via differential protein- and site-specific mechanisms, necessitating innovative techniques to probe the modification in highly selective manners. To this end, a variety of biological and chemical methods have been developed to study specific O-GlcNAc modification events both in vitro and in vivo, each with their own respective strengths and shortcomings. Together, they comprise a potent chemical biology toolbox for the analysis of O-GlcNAcylation (and, in theory, other post-translational modifications) while highlighting the need and space for more facile, generalizable, and biologically authentic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart
P. Moon
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Afraah Javed
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Eldon R. Hard
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Matthew R. Pratt
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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