1
|
Kovacheva E, Gevezova M, Maes M, Sarafian V. Mast Cells in Autism Spectrum Disorder-The Enigma to Be Solved? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2651. [PMID: 38473898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disturbance of neurodevelopment with a complicated pathogenesis and unidentified etiology. Many children with ASD have a history of "allergic symptoms", often in the absence of mast cell (MC)-positive tests. Activation of MCs by various stimuli may release molecules related to inflammation and neurotoxicity, contributing to the development of ASD. The aim of the present paper is to enrich the current knowledge on the relationship between MCs and ASD by discussing key molecules and immune pathways associated with MCs in the pathogenesis of autism. Cytokines, essential marker molecules for MC degranulation and therapeutic targets, are also highlighted. Understanding the relationship between ASD and the activation of MCs, as well as the involved molecules and interactions, are the main points contributing to solving the enigma. Key molecules, associated with MCs, may provide new insights to the discovery of drug targets for modeling inflammation in ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Kovacheva
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Gevezova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Michael Maes
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Cognitive Fitness and Technology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Visco DB, Manhães-de-Castro R, da Silva MM, Costa-de-Santana BJR, Pereira Dos Santos Junior J, Saavedra LM, de Lemos MDTB, Valdéz-Alarcón JJ, Lagranha CJ, Guzman-Quevedo O, Torner L, Toscano AE. Neonatal kaempferol exposure attenuates impact of cerebral palsy model on neuromotor development, cell proliferation, microglia activation, and antioxidant enzyme expression in the hippocampus of rats. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:20-41. [PMID: 36576161 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2156034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the effect of neonatal treatment with kaempferol on neuromotor development, proliferation of neural precursor cells, the microglia profile, and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the hippocampus. METHODS A rat model of cerebral palsy was established using perinatal anoxia and sensorimotor restriction of hindlimbs during infancy. Kaempferol (1 mg/ kg) was intraperitoneally administered during the neonatal period. RESULTS Neonatal treatment with kaempferol reduces the impact of the cerebral palsy model on reflex ontogeny and on the maturation of physical features. Impairment of locomotor activity development and motor coordination was found to be attenuated by kaempferol treatment during the neonatal period in rats exposed to cerebral palsy. Neonatal treatment of kaempferol in cerebral palsy rats prevents a substantial reduction in the number of neural precursor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, an activated microglia profile, and increased proliferation of microglia in the sub-granular zone and in the granular cell layer. Neonatal treatment with kaempferol increases gene expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the hippocampus of rats submitted to the cerebral palsy model. DISCUSSION Kaempferol attenuates the impact of cerebral palsy on neuromotor behavior development, preventing altered hippocampal microglia activation and mitigating impaired cell proliferation in a neurogenic niche in these rats. Neonatal treatment with kaempferol also increases antioxidant defense gene expression in the hippocampus of rats submitted to the cerebral palsy model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bulcão Visco
- Laboratory of Neurofunctional, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães-de-Castro
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Bárbara J R Costa-de-Santana
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Joaci Pereira Dos Santos Junior
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luís Miguel Saavedra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | - Juan José Valdéz-Alarcón
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología - Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology (PGBqF), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Omar Guzman-Quevedo
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tacámbaro, Tacámbaro, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luz Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Graduate Program in Nutrition (Posnutri), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Posneuro), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nicolucci C, Padovani M, Rodrigues FDC, Fritsch LN, Santos AC, Priolli DG, Sciani JM. Flavonoids: the use in mental health and related diseases. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37948603 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2275275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Given the current increase in mental and neurological disorders, there is an urgent need to develop alternative treatments for patients. Flavonoids exhibit diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective, and has been considered potential therapies for central nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, drug addiction, and stroke. Studies have shown that flavonoids protect neurons from oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, improve brain blood flow and enhance cognitive function. Moreover, its modulation of neurotransmission, such as GABAergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and noradrenergic, has been studied for the treatment of mental disorders that require sedative effects, antidepressants, sleep inducers and anxiety reduction. Although more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and potential benefits of these compounds, the use of flavonoids for neurological diseases is a promising avenue for future research and development. This review focuses on major flavonoid subclasses and their applications in central nervous system disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Nicolucci
- Medical School, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Padovani
- Medical School, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laura Nagy Fritsch
- Psychiatry Medical Residency Program, São Francisco University Hospital, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Santos
- Institute of Biophysics of University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR/Cibb), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Denise Gonçalves Priolli
- Department of Coloproctology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Medical School from Pitágoras Faculty, Codó, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Sciani
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ebrahimi A, Parivar K, Roodbari NHE, Eidi A. Treatment with quercetin increases Nrf2 expression and neuronal differentiation of sub ventricular zone derived neural progenitor stem cells in adult rats. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8163-8175. [PMID: 37555870 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of neural precursor stem cells (NPSCs) in some parts of the adult brain and the potency of these types of cells with a therapeutic viewpoint, has opened up a new approach for the treatment and recovery of the defects of central nervous system (CNS). Quercetin, as an herbal flavonoid, has been extensively investigated and shown to have numerous restoratives, inhibitory, and protective effects on some cell-lines and disorders. The purpose of this study is to simultaneously investigate the effect of quercetin on the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene and the effect on the proliferation and differentiation of NPSCs derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain of adult rats. METHODS AND RESULTS The cell obtained from SVZ cultured for one week and treated with quercetin at the concentrations of 1, 5, and 15 μM to evaluate the Nrf2 expression, proliferation and differentiation of NSCs after one week. Cellular and genetic results was performed by RT-PCR, MTT assay test, quantification of images with Image-J and counting. The results indicated that the quercetin increases expression of Nrf2 at concentration above 5 μM. Also differentiation and proliferation rate of NSCs is affected by various concentrations of quercetin in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION These findings confirmed the dose-dependent effect of quercetin on proliferation and differentiation of cell. In addition, quercetin increased the expression of Nrf2 gene. By combining these two effects of quercetin, this substance can be considered an effective compound in the treatment of degenerative defects in CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasim Hayati-E Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Apiraksattayakul S, Pingaew R, Leechaisit R, Prachayasittikul V, Ruankham W, Songtawee N, Tantimongcolwat T, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Phopin K. Aminochalcones Attenuate Neuronal Cell Death under Oxidative Damage via Sirtuin 1 Activity. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33367-33379. [PMID: 37744807 PMCID: PMC10515382 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Encouraged by the lack of effective treatments and the dramatic growth in the global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases along with various pharmacological properties of chalcone pharmacophores, this study focused on the development of aminochalcone-based compounds, organic molecules characterized by a chalcone backbone (consisting of two aromatic rings connected by a three-carbon α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system) with an amino group attached to one of the aromatic rings, as potential neuroprotective agents. Thus, the aminochalcone-based compounds in this study were designed by bearing a -OCH3 moiety at different positions on the ring and synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The compounds exhibited strong neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal death in the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line (i.e., by improving cell survival, reducing reactive oxygen species production, maintaining mitochondrial function, and preventing cell membrane damage). The aminochalcone-based compounds showed mild toxicity toward a normal embryonic lung cell line (MRC-5) and a human neuroblastoma cell line, and were predicted to have preferable pharmacokinetic profiles with potential for oral administration. Molecular docking simulation indicated that the studied aminochalcones may act as competitive activators of the well-known protective protein, SIRT1, and provided beneficial knowledge regarding the essential key chemical moieties and interacting amino acid residues. Collectively, this work provides a series of four promising candidate agents that could be developed for neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Setthawut Apiraksattayakul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Ronnakorn Leechaisit
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot
University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Veda Prachayasittikul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Waralee Ruankham
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Napat Songtawee
- Department
of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tanawut Tantimongcolwat
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, and Program
in Chemical Science, Chulabhorn Graduate
Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Center of
Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Commission
on Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center
for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical
Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Di Paolo M, Corsi F, Cerri C, Bisti S, Piano I, Gargini C. A Window to the Brain: The Retina to Monitor the Progression and Efficacy of Saffron Repron ® Pre-Treatment in an LPS Model of Neuroinflammation and Memory Impairment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1307. [PMID: 37765115 PMCID: PMC10536337 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A mechanism shared by most neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), is neuroinflammation. It has been shown to have a link between cognitive impairment and retinal function under neuroinflammatory conditions, confirming the essential role of the retina as a window to the brain. Here, we characterize a mouse model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation describing the parallel deterioration of both memory and visual function. Then, we demonstrate, using the Novel Object Recognition test (NOR) and electroretinogram (ERG) recordings, that preventive, chronic treatment with saffron Repron® is able to reduce the neuroinflammation process and prevent the impairment of both cognitive and visual function. The improvement in behavioral and visual function is confirmed by the pattern of expression of neuroinflammation-related genes and related proteins where pre-treatment with Repron® saffron presents a positive modulation compared with that obtained in animals treated with LPS alone. These results hold for retinal tissue and partially in the brain, where it appears that the onset of damage was delayed. This trend underlines the critical role of the retina as a most sensitive portion of the central nervous system to LPS-induced damage and could be used as a "sensor" for the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Di Paolo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), via Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; (F.C.); (S.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Francesca Corsi
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), via Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; (F.C.); (S.B.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Chiara Cerri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Silvia Bisti
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), via Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; (F.C.); (S.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Ilaria Piano
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), via Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; (F.C.); (S.B.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Claudia Gargini
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), via Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy; (F.C.); (S.B.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pasdaran A, Zare M, Hamedi A, Hamedi A. A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Colorants, Dyes, and Pigments: Challenges, and Opportunities for Food, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Application. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300561. [PMID: 37471105 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural pigments are important sources for the screening of bioactive lead compounds. This article reviewed the chemistry and therapeutic potentials of over 570 colored molecules from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, algae, and marine sources. Moreover, related biological activities, advanced extraction, and identification approaches were reviewed. A variety of biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-microbial, antiviral, and anti-protozoal activities, have been reported for different pigments. Considering their structural backbone, they were classified as naphthoquinones, carotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthocyanins, benzotropolones, alkaloids, terpenoids, isoprenoids, and non-isoprenoids. Alkaloid pigments were mostly isolated from bacteria and marine sources, while flavonoids were mostly found in plants and mushrooms. Colored quinones and xanthones were mostly extracted from plants and fungi, while colored polyketides and terpenoids are often found in marine sources and fungi. Carotenoids are mostly distributed among bacteria, followed by fungi and plants. The pigments isolated from insects have different structures, but among them, carotenoids and quinone/xanthone are the most important. Considering good manufacturing practices, the current permitted natural colorants are: Carotenoids (canthaxanthin, β-carotene, β-apo-8'-carotenal, annatto, astaxanthin) and their sources, lycopene, anthocyanins, betanin, chlorophyllins, spirulina extract, carmine and cochineal extract, henna, riboflavin, pyrogallol, logwood extract, guaiazulene, turmeric, and soy leghemoglobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student research committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Hamedi
- School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anguchamy V, Arumugam M. Enhancing the neuroprotective effect of squid outer skin astaxanthin against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in in-vitro model for Parkinson's disease. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113846. [PMID: 37277017 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone is a widely used organic pesticide that induces neurotoxicity via inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and oxidative stress actions for the most of dopaminergic neurons as that occurring in Parkinsonism disease (PD). Astaxanthin (ASX) is a natural pigment (carotenoids) and a potent therapeutic compound due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The commercially important cephalopod Doryteuthis singhalensis is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters in World Ocean. D. singhalensis is an important source of astaxanthin that contains valuable biological active compounds with many valuable pharmacological effects. The present study evaluated the effect of astaxanthin in preventing rotenone-induced toxicity of SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells in an in vitro model of experimental Parkinsonism. The results revealed the strongly significant antioxidant capability of extracted squid astaxanthin in 1,1- diphenyl- 2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. In addition, astaxanthin treatment based on dose dependent manner significantly attenuated rotenone induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in SKN- SH cells. It is concluded that the marine squid derived astaxanthin could be used as a potential neuroprotector against rotenone induced toxicity due to its antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Consequently, it could be a supportive remedy for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veeruraj Anguchamy
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Muthuvel Arumugam
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bilal W, Khawar MB, Afzal A, Naseer A, Hamid SE, Shahzaman S, Qamar F. Recent advances to Neuroprotection: repurposing drugs against neuroinflammatory disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08490-6. [PMID: 37231215 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a natural mechanism for biological clearance for the maintenance of homeostasis in a dynamic microenvironment of the central nervous system. Stress and various factors can lead to imbalance between cellular genesis and cell death leading to dysfunctionality and a number of neuropathological disorders. Drug repurposing can help bypass development time and cost. A complete understanding of drug actions and neuroinflammatory pathways can lead to effective control of neurodegenerative disorders. This review covers recent advances in various neuroinflammatory pathways understanding, biomarkers, and drug repurposing for neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wishah Bilal
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Afzal
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arshia Naseer
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Eisha Hamid
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sara Shahzaman
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Theoharides TC, Kempuraj D. Role of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Protein-Induced Activation of Microglia and Mast Cells in the Pathogenesis of Neuro-COVID. Cells 2023; 12:688. [PMID: 36899824 PMCID: PMC10001285 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). About 45% of COVID-19 patients experience several symptoms a few months after the initial infection and develop post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), referred to as "Long-COVID," characterized by persistent physical and mental fatigue. However, the exact pathogenetic mechanisms affecting the brain are still not well-understood. There is increasing evidence of neurovascular inflammation in the brain. However, the precise role of the neuroinflammatory response that contributes to the disease severity of COVID-19 and long COVID pathogenesis is not clearly understood. Here, we review the reports that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and damage neurons either directly, or via activation of brain mast cells and microglia and the release of various neuroinflammatory molecules. Moreover, we provide recent evidence that the novel flavanol eriodictyol is particularly suited for development as an effective treatment alone or together with oleuropein and sulforaphane (ViralProtek®), all of which have potent anti-viral and anti-inflammatory actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C. Theoharides
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de Oliveira LMG, Carreira RB, de Oliveira JVR, do Nascimento RP, Dos Santos Souza C, Trias E, da Silva VDA, Costa SL. Impact of Plant-Derived Compounds on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:288-309. [PMID: 36800114 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal illness characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration. Conventional therapies for ALS are based on treatment of symptoms, and the disease remains incurable. Molecular mechanisms are unclear, but studies have been pointing to involvement of glia, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity as a key factor. Nowadays, we have few treatments for this disease that only delays death, but also does not stop the neurodegenerative process. These treatments are based on glutamate blockage (riluzole), tyrosine kinase inhibition (masitinib), and antioxidant activity (edaravone). In the past few years, plant-derived compounds have been studied for neurodegenerative disorder therapies based on neuroprotection and glial cell response. In this review, we describe mechanisms of action of natural compounds associated with neuroprotective effects, and the possibilities for new therapeutic strategies in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Matheus Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barreto Carreira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Juciele Valeria Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Ravena Pereira do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Cleide Dos Santos Souza
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zulkifli NA, Hassan Z, Mustafa MZ, Azman WNW, Hadie SNH, Ghani N, Mat Zin AA. The potential neuroprotective effects of stingless bee honey. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1048028. [PMID: 36846103 PMCID: PMC9945235 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1048028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical Meliponini bees produce stingless bee honey (SBH). Studies have shown beneficial properties, including antibacterial, bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory, neurotherapeutic, neuroprotective, wound, and sunburn healing capabilities. High phenolic acid and flavonoid concentrations offer SBH its benefits. SBH can include flavonoids, phenolic acids, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, organic acids, amino acids, and protein, depending on its botanical and geographic origins. Ursolic acid, p-coumaric acid, and gallic acid may diminish apoptotic signals in neuronal cells, such as nuclear morphological alterations and DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant activity minimizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lowers oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation by decreasing enzymes generated during inflammation. Flavonoids in honey reduce neuroinflammation by decreasing proinflammatory cytokine and free radical production. Phytochemical components in honey, such as luteolin and phenylalanine, may aid neurological problems. A dietary amino acid, phenylalanine, may improve memory by functioning on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathways. Neurotrophin BDNF binds to its major receptor, TrkB, and stimulates downstream signaling cascades, which are crucial for neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Through BDNF, SBH can stimulate synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis, promoting learning and memory. Moreover, BDNF contributes to the adult brain's lasting structural and functional changes during limbic epileptogenesis by acting through the cognate receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB). Given the higher antioxidants activity of SBH than the Apis sp. honey, it may be more therapeutically helpful. There is minimal research on SBH's neuroprotective effects, and the related pathways contribute to it is unclear. More research is needed to elucidate the underlying molecular process of SBH on BDNF/TrkB pathways in producing neuroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurdarina Ausi Zulkifli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulkifli Mustafa
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Norlina Wan Azman
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurma Hanim Hadie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurhafizah Ghani
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Anani Aila Mat Zin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mhalhel K, Sicari M, Pansera L, Chen J, Levanti M, Diotel N, Rastegar S, Germanà A, Montalbano G. Zebrafish: A Model Deciphering the Impact of Flavonoids on Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:252. [PMID: 36672187 PMCID: PMC9856690 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, advances in biotechnology, biochemistry, and pharmacognosy have spotlighted flavonoids, polyphenolic secondary metabolites that have the ability to modulate many pathways involved in various biological mechanisms, including those involved in neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Moreover, flavonoids are known to impact the biological processes involved in developing neurodegenerative diseases, namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, several flavonoids could be used as adjuvants to prevent and counteract neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Zebrafish is an interesting model organism that can offer new opportunities to study the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, the high genome homology of 70% to humans, the brain organization largely similar to the human brain as well as the similar neuroanatomical and neurochemical processes, and the high neurogenic activity maintained in the adult brain makes zebrafish a valuable model for the study of human neurodegenerative diseases and deciphering the impact of flavonoids on those disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Mhalhel
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Mirea Sicari
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Lidia Pansera
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Jincan Chen
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Maria Levanti
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de la Réunion, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Plateforme CYROI, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalbano
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang H, Gu Y, Zhang B, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Zhang S, Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Wang Y, Huang T, Niu K. The longitudinal association between onion consumption and risk of depressive symptoms: results from the TCLSIH Cohort study and the UK Biobank. Food Funct 2023; 14:195-205. [PMID: 36477763 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Onions have shown antidepressant effects but relevant evidence from people was limited. Thus, we aimed to explore the prospective association between onion consumption and risk of depressive symptoms in the general population. Methods: We used data from 2 cohorts: the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort included 7739 participants (males, 57.6%) with a mean age of 39.5 years, and the UK Biobank included 169 806 individuals (males, 45.2%) with a mean age of 55.7 years. In the TCLSIH cohort, onion consumption was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire from May 2013; depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Chinese version of the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS scores ≥ 45) and were assessed up to 2018. In the UK Biobank, onion consumption was measured by 1-5 times validated 24-hour dietary recalls in 2006-2010; depressive symptoms were determined through the linked hospital records and death registries and were assessed up to 2018. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed to determine the association between onion consumption and risk of depressive symptoms. Results: A total of 1098 and 1924 cases of depressive symptoms were identified during 15 004 person-years and 1 243 832 person-years of follow-up in the TCLSIH cohort and the UK Biobank, respectively. After adjusting for many confounding factors, the fully adjusted HRs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms comparing the higher levels to the lowest level of onion consumption were 0.78 (0.65, 0.94), 0.73 (0.61, 0.87), and 0.77 (0.64, 0.92) in the TCLSIH cohort (p for trend = 0.01); and were 0.79 (0.68, 0.93), 0.81 (0.69, 0.94), and 0.97 (0.85, 1.12) in the UK Biobank (p for trend = 0.07). Similar associations were observed in the sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Our results indicated that habitual onion consumption was associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms in two cohorts. However, this association was not statistically significant in the highest level of onion consumption in the UK Biobank.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. .,School of Integrative Medicine, Public Health Science and Engineering College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. .,Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ganguly BB, Kadam NN. Therapeutics for mitochondrial dysfunction-linked diseases in Down syndrome. Mitochondrion 2023; 68:25-43. [PMID: 36371073 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide deregulation contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and impairment in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) mechanism resulting in oxidative stress, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The cells, which require more energy, such as muscles, brain and heart are greatly affected. Impairment in mitochondrial network has a direct link with patho-mechanism at cellular and systemic levels at the backdrop of generalized metabolic perturbations in individuals with DS. Myriads of clinico-phenotypic features, including intellectual disability, early aging and neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer disease (AD)-related dementia are inevitable in DS-population where mitochondrial dysfunctions play the central role. Collectively, the mitochondrial abnormalities and altered energy metabolism perturbs several signaling pathways, particularly related to neurogenesis, which are directly associated with cognitive development and early onset of AD in individuals with DS. Therefore, therapeutic challenges for amelioration of the mitochondrial defects were perceived to improve the quality of life of the DS population. A number of pharmacologically active natural compounds such as polyphenols, antioxidants and flavonoids have shown convincing outcome for reversal of the dysfunctional mitochondrial network and oxidative metabolism, and improvement in intellectual skill in mouse models of DS and humans with DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bani Bandana Ganguly
- MGM New Bombay Hospital and MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India.
| | - Nitin N Kadam
- MGM New Bombay Hospital and MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chakraborty J, Pakrashi S, Sarbajna A, Dutta M, Bandyopadhyay J. Quercetin Attenuates Copper-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Autophagic Modulation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5022-5041. [PMID: 35149956 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An increase in anthropogenic activities results in metal contamination in the ecosystem which has proven to be a major health risk in humans, as they make entry into cellular organelles via agricultural products. Copper (Cu) is one such metal that acts as an essential cofactor for the activity of several enzymes, one being the cytochrome c oxidase. The increasing number of evidence suggests a substantial correlation of Cu overload with neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). We aim to explore quercetin, a well-known polyphenol, as an alternative for combating Cu-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y secondary cell lines. We observed that Cu increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, triggered morphological deformities and condensation of nuclei, caused an imbalance in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and finally induced apoptotic cell deaths. We further investigated the effects of Cu in modulating the pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bcl-2, etc. However, quercetin reversed these changes owing to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, resulting in autophagy induction as an outcome of upregulation of autophagosome-bound microtubules-associated protein light chain-3 (LC3II). Besides, we investigated the role of Cu in stimulating ER stress proteins, viz. PERK, CHOP, and the concomitant responses of quercetin in restoring the ER homeostasis in cellular organelles like mitochondria and ER, against Cu-induced toxic insults by modulating autophagic pathways. Overall, this research work proposes a remedial approach for Cu-mediated neurotoxicity through understanding the diverse molecular signaling inside a cell with an aim to develop effective therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyeeta Chakraborty
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, NH 12, Haringhata, 741249, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Pakrashi
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, NH 12, Haringhata, 741249, West Bengal, India
- Department of Microbiology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpita Sarbajna
- Division of Electron Microscopy, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700010, India
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Division of Electron Microscopy, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700010, India
| | - Jaya Bandyopadhyay
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, NH 12, Haringhata, 741249, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A study from structural insight to the antiamyloidogenic and antioxidant activities of flavonoids: scaffold for future therapeutics of Alzheimer’s disease. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
18
|
Theoharides TC, Antonopoulou S, Demopoulos CA. Platelet activating factor: Have we been missing the forest for the trees? Biofactors 2022; 48:1184-1188. [PMID: 36300767 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, Florida, USA
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos A Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tziastoudi M, Cholevas C, Stefanidis I, Theoharides TC. Genetics of COVID-19 and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1838-1857. [PMID: 36204816 PMCID: PMC9639636 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID‐19 and ME/CFS present with some similar symptoms, especially physical and mental fatigue. In order to understand the basis of these similarities and the possibility of underlying common genetic components, we performed a systematic review of all published genetic association and cohort studies regarding COVID‐19 and ME/CFS and extracted the genes along with the genetic variants investigated. We then performed gene ontology and pathway analysis of those genes that gave significant results in the individual studies to yield functional annotations of the studied genes using protein analysis through evolutionary relationships (PANTHER) VERSION 17.0 software. Finally, we identified the common genetic components of these two conditions. Seventy‐one studies for COVID‐19 and 26 studies for ME/CFS were included in the systematic review in which the expression of 97 genes for COVID‐19 and 429 genes for ME/CFS were significantly affected. We found that ACE, HLA‐A, HLA‐C, HLA‐DQA1, HLA‐DRB1, and TYK2 are the common genes that gave significant results. The findings of the pathway analysis highlight the contribution of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways, and the T cell activation and Toll receptor signaling pathways. Protein class analysis revealed the contribution of defense/immunity proteins, as well as protein‐modifying enzymes. Our results suggest that the pathogenesis of both syndromes could involve some immune dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tziastoudi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Cholevas
- First Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alaqeel NK, AlSheikh MH, Al-Hariri MT. Quercetin Nanoemulsion Ameliorates Neuronal Dysfunction in Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1986. [PMID: 36290710 PMCID: PMC9598210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum is the most abundant metal that can get admission to the human through several means that include our food, drinking water, cans, drugs, and deodorants, causing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study aims to evaluate the role of quercetin nanoemulsion (QCNE) in attenuating neuronal dysfunction in aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced experimental AD. All animals were classified into six groups including negative control group (I): received a vehicle; QC group: received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of QC; Alzheimer's group: received AlCl3 orally; treated group (I): received AlCl3 orally and IP injection of QC; treated group (II): received AlCl3 orally and QC orally; and treated group (III): received AlCl3 orally and IP injection of QCNE. At the end of the experimental period (30 days), the brain was used to study biochemical parameters (measurement of neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine), oxidant/antioxidant parameters (reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and advanced oxidation protein product), and inflammatory markers (adiponectin, interleukin 1β, and plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha)), while another part was for brain immune-histochemical analysis (study cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2)). Results showed that the mean value of oxidative stress markers was significantly increased in the AD group as well as the inflammatory biomarkers and all the study neurotransmitters, whereas these parameters were attenuated in treated groups, especially those that received QCNE. The immunohistochemistry findings confirm our results. Both approaches (QC and QCNE) succeeded in retracting the negative impact of AlCl3. Meanwhile, the effect of QCNE is more potent in mitigating the impact mediated by AlCl3 in treated animals. In conclusion, the treatment mainly by QCNE has huge potential in protecting against AlCl3-induced neuronal dysfunction, as shown in our results by the elevation of brain antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities and neurotransmitter levels as well as mending of the histopathological changes in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nouf K. Alaqeel
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H. AlSheikh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34719, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed T. Al-Hariri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34719, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Folecitin Isolated from Hypericum oblongifolium Exerts Neuroprotection against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuronal Synapse and Memory Dysfunction via p-AKT/Nrf-2/HO-1 Signalling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9419918. [PMID: 35388307 PMCID: PMC8979689 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9419918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), are characterised with neuronal synapse and memory dysfunction, and thus, there is an urgent need to find novel therapeutic medicines that can target different pathways to restore the deficits. In this investigation, we assessed the medicinal potency of folecitin (a flavonoid isolated from Hypericum oblongifolium Wall.) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced amyloidogenic amyloid beta (Aβ) production pathway-mediated memory impairment in mice. The LPS was administered intraperitonially (i.p.) 250 μg/kg/day for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by the coadministration of folecitin (30 mg/kg/day) with LPS for the last two weeks (2nd and 3rd week). The expression of various proteins involved in synapse, neuronal death, and Aβ generation was evaluated using the Western blot approach. Results indicated that folecitin significantly decreased LPS-induced apoptotic proteins; expressed BAX, PARP-1, and caspase-3 proteins; and inhibited BACE1 that cleaves transmembrane amyloid precursor protein and the amyloidogenic Aβ production pathway. Folecitin restored both preneural and postneuronal synapse, accompanied by the improvement in memory impairment. Moreover, folecitin significantly activated endogenous antioxidant proteins Nrf-2 and HO-1 by stimulating the phosphorylation of Akt proteins. These findings indicate that folecitin might be a promising target for developing novel medication to treat neurodegenerative disorders caused by neurotoxins.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar N, Yadav M, Kumar A, Kadian M, Kumar S. Neuroprotective effect of hesperidin and its combination with coenzyme Q10 on an animal model of ketamine-induced psychosis: behavioral changes, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and oxidative stress. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Psychosis is a complex mental illness divided by positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive decline. Clinically available medicines are associated with some serious side effects which limit their use. Treatment with flavonoids has been associated with delayed onset and development, decreased risk, or increased improvement of various neuropsychiatric disorders including psychosis with negligible side effects.
Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin (flavonoid) alone or its combination with coenzyme Q10 against ketamine-induced psychotic symptoms in mice.
Results
Ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) was given for 21 days to induce psychosis in Laca mice of either sex. Locomotor activity and stereotypic behaviors, immobility duration (forced swim test), and increased transfer latency (elevated plus maze) were performed to test the effect of hesperidin (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and coenzyme Q10 (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, p.o.) and combination of hesperidin + coenzyme Q10 followed by biochemical and mitochondrial complexes assays. For 21 days, ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) administration significantly produced increased locomotor activity and stereotypic behaviors (positive symptoms), increased immobility duration (negative symptoms) and cognitive deficits (increases transfer latency) weakens oxidative defense and mitochondrial function. Further, 21 days’ administration of hesperidin and coenzyme Q10 significantly reversed the ketamine-induced psychotic behavioral changes and biochemical alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in the discrete areas (prefrontal cortex and hippocampus) of mice brains. The potential effect of these drugs was comparable to olanzapine treatment. Moreover, the combination of hesperidin with coenzyme Q10 and or a combination of hesperidin + coenzyme Q10 + olanzapine treatment did not produce a significant effect compared to their per se effect in ketamine-treated animals.
Conclusions
The study revealed that hesperidin alone or in combination with coenzyme Q10 could reduce psychotic symptoms and improve mitochondrial functions and antioxidant systems in mice, suggesting neuroprotective effects against psychosis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Theoharides TC. Could SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Be Responsible for Long-COVID Syndrome? Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1850-1861. [PMID: 35028901 PMCID: PMC8757925 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via its spike protein binding to its surface receptor on target cells and results in acute symptoms involving especially the lungs known as COVID-19. However, increasing evidence indicates that many patients develop a chronic condition characterized by fatigue and neuropsychiatric symptoms, termed long-COVID. Most of the vaccines produced so far for COVID-19 direct mammalian cells via either mRNA or an adenovirus vector to express the spike protein, or administer recombinant spike protein, which is recognized by the immune system leading to the production of neutralizing antibodies. Recent publications provide new findings that may help decipher the pathogenesis of long-COVID. One paper reported perivascular inflammation in brains of deceased patients with COVID-19, while others showed that the spike protein could damage the endothelium in an animal model, that it could disrupt an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and that it can cross the BBB resulting in perivascular inflammation. Moreover, the spike protein appears to share antigenic epitopes with human molecular chaperons resulting in autoimmunity and can activate toll-like receptors (TLRs), leading to release of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, some antibodies produced against the spike protein may not be neutralizing, but may change its conformation rendering it more likely to bind to its receptor. As a result, one wonders whether the spike protein entering the brain or being expressed by brain cells could activate microglia, alone or together with inflammatory cytokines, since protective antibodies could not cross the BBB, leading to neuro-inflammation and contributing to long-COVID. Hence, there is urgent need to better understand the neurotoxic effects of the spike protein and to consider possible interventions to mitigate spike protein-related detrimental effects to the brain, possibly via use of small natural molecules, especially the flavonoids luteolin and quercetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Institute of Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, 33759, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rahul, Siddique YH. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 20:327-342. [PMID: 33511932 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210129122033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic stroke have become a major health problem worldwide. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases and suggest them to be used as therapeutic agents. Kaempferol is found in many plants such as tea, beans, broccoli, strawberries, and neuroprotective effects against the development of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. The present study summarizes the neuroprotective effects of kaempferol in various models of neurodegenerative diseases. Kaempferol delays the initiation as well as the progression of neurodegenerative disorders by acting as a scavenger of free radicals and preserving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes. Kaempferol can cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), and therefore results in an enhanced protective effect. The multi-target property of kaempferol makes it a potential dietary supplement in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yasir H Siddique
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Singh S, Sahu K, Singh C, Singh A. Lipopolysaccharide induced altered signaling pathways in various neurological disorders. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:285-294. [PMID: 34989812 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is defined as an inflammatory response within the brain or spinal cord, whereas the brain's innate immune system is triggered by various inflammatory challenges such as injury, infection, exposure to toxin (LPS) and ageing, which result in cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a main structural component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, widely used systematically to stimulate the immune system and to generate profound physiological and behavioural changes. It consists of three parts: lipid A, a core oligosaccharide and an O side chain. It is reported by several scientists that, besides the systemic alteration, LPS also induces neurodegeneration by promoting neuroinflammation upon binding with the stimulation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) receptors present on glial cells. The mammalian Toll-like receptor (TLR) family consists of 13 membranes and TLR was discovered as a crucial pattern recognition receptor (PPR) involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Future studies will show that damage/danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are recognised by the involvement of PPRs, generated by the host itself. The stimulation of TLR4 by lipopolysaccharide phosphorylates two signalling pathways, namely the MyD88-dependent pathway and the MyD88-independent pathway. This activation subsequently triggers the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines that are necessary to activate innate immune responses, and then promotes neuroinflammation. In this review, we critically demonstrated the epidemiology of neuroinflammation, types of TLRs, the molecular mechanism of TLR4 and management of neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdev Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.,Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India
| | - Kuleshwar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.,Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.,Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India. .,Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nachammai V, Jeyabalan S, Muthusamy S. Anxiolytic effects of silibinin and naringenin on zebrafish model: A preclinical study. Indian J Pharmacol 2021; 53:457-464. [PMID: 34975133 PMCID: PMC8764982 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_18_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stress exacerbates the pathophysiology of major neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), the frequently used model for experimental studies of stress and other central nervous system disorders, was used to evaluate the anxiolytic potential of flavonoids, namely silibinin and naringenin on alleviating acute stress-induced anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS A molecular docking study with Molegro Virtual Docker software was done to assess the binding potential of flavonoids on serotonin and dopamine receptors. To determine the bioactivity and investigate the toxicity of the flavonoids, silibinin, and naringenin, brine shrimp lethality assay, and an acute toxicity study was conducted according to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guideline 203. The effect of silibinin and naringenin was assessed using behavioral tasks such as the novel tank assay and the light-dark test on the zebrafish model of acute stress. RESULTS Molecular docking studies showed a higher affinity of silibinin and naringenin for the serotonin and dopamine receptors. In comparison to the LC50 value, 13.15 μg/ml of the reference standard potassium dichromate, silibinin, and naringenin yielded higher LC50 values, 34.10 μg/ml and 91.33 μg/ml, respectively. The LC50 value of silibinin and naringenin was observed to be >100 mg/l from the acute toxicity study on adult zebrafish. After transferring to a novel tank, silibinin and naringenin-treated zebrafish groups were found to explore the upper level of the tank, similar to standard drugs, and spent a long time in the upper level of the tank compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Both silibinin and naringenin treatment group spent increased amounts of time in the tank's illuminated part in contrast to that of the dark side as evidenced by the number of zebrafish entering or remaining in the illuminated part of the tank through the light-dark test. Silibinin and naringenin treated groups were found to spend increased time in the light side significantly on the day 15th of evaluation as compared to the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The flavonoids, silibinin, and naringenin were found to mitigate acute stress-induced anxiety, owing to their anxiolytic properties in the zebrafish model and may be explored as the potential therapeutic agents for treating anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. Nachammai
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srikanth Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Muthusamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Theoharides TC. Ways to Address Perinatal Mast Cell Activation and Focal Brain Inflammation, including Response to SARS-CoV-2, in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Pers Med 2021; 11:860. [PMID: 34575637 PMCID: PMC8465360 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to increase, but no distinct pathogenesis or effective treatment are known yet. The presence of many comorbidities further complicates matters, making a personalized approach necessary. An increasing number of reports indicate that inflammation of the brain leads to neurodegenerative changes, especially during perinatal life, "short-circuiting the electrical system" in the amygdala that is essential for our ability to feel emotions, but also regulates fear. Inflammation of the brain can result from the stimulation of mast cells-found in all tissues including the brain-by neuropeptides, stress, toxins, and viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, leading to the activation of microglia. These resident brain defenders then release even more inflammatory molecules and stop "pruning" nerve connections, disrupting neuronal connectivity, lowering the fear threshold, and derailing the expression of emotions, as seen in ASD. Many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between ASD and atopic dermatitis (eczema), asthma, and food allergies/intolerance, all of which involve activated mast cells. Mast cells can be triggered by allergens, neuropeptides, stress, and toxins, leading to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and activation of microglia. Moreover, many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between stress and atopic dermatitis (eczema) during gestation, which involves activated mast cells. Both mast cells and microglia can also be activated by SARS-CoV-2 in affected mothers during pregnancy. We showed increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-18 and its receptor, but decreased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-38 and its receptor IL-36R, only in the amygdala of deceased children with ASD. We further showed that the natural flavonoid luteolin is a potent inhibitor of the activation of both mast cells and microglia, but also blocks SARS-CoV-2 binding to its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A treatment approach should be tailored to each individual patient and should address hyperactivity/stress, allergies, or food intolerance, with the introduction of natural molecules or drugs to inhibit mast cells and microglia, such as liposomal luteolin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kimura AM, Tsuji M, Yasumoto T, Mori Y, Oguchi T, Tsuji Y, Umino M, Umino A, Nishikawa T, Nakamura S, Inoue T, Kiuchi Y, Yamada M, Teplow DB, Ono K. Myricetin prevents high molecular weight Aβ 1-42 oligomer-induced neurotoxicity through antioxidant effects in cell membranes and mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:232-244. [PMID: 34015458 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is one of the primary mechanisms that leads to neuronal death with phosphorylated tau in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Protofibrils, one of the high-molecular-weight Aβ oligomers (HMW-Aβo), are implicated to be important targets of disease modifying therapy of AD. We previously reported that phenolic compounds such as myricetin inhibit Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and α-synuclein aggregations, including their oligomerizations, which may exert protective effects against AD and Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the detailed mechanism of the protective effect of myricetin against the neurotoxicity of HMW-Aβo in SH-SY5Y cells. To assess the effect of myricetin on HMW-Aβo-induced oxidative stress, we systematically examined the level of membrane oxidative damage by measuring cell membrane lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity, and cell membrane potential, and the mitochondrial oxidative damage was evaluated by mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay in SH-SY5Y cells. Myricetin has been found to increased cell viability by suppression of HMW-Aβo-induced membrane disruption in SH-SY5Y cells, as shown in reducing membrane phospholipid peroxidation and increasing membrane fluidity and membrane resistance. Myricetin has also been found to suppress HMW-Aβo-induced mitochondria dysfunction, as demonstrated in decreasing MPT, Mn-SOD, and ATP generation, raising mitochondrial membrane potential, and increasing mitochondrial-ROS generation. These results suggest that myricetin preventing HMW-Aβo-induced neurotoxicity through multiple antioxidant functions may be developed as a disease-modifying agent against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Michael Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Taro Yasumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Oguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yuya Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masakazu Umino
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Asami Umino
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Toru Nishikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shiro Nakamura
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tomio Inoue
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Kiuchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - David B Teplow
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Room 445, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Protective effect of methanol leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius against lipopolysaccharides-induced cortico-hippocampal neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and memory impairment. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
30
|
Benameur T, Soleti R, Porro C. The Potential Neuroprotective Role of Free and Encapsulated Quercetin Mediated by miRNA against Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:1318. [PMID: 33923599 PMCID: PMC8073422 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is a pathological condition of numerous central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and many others. Neuroinflammation is characterized by the microglia activation and concomitant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an increasing neuronal cell death. The decreased neuroinflammation could be obtained by using natural compounds, including flavonoids known to modulate the inflammatory responses. Among flavonoids, quercetin possess multiple pharmacological applications including anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiapoptotic and anti-thrombotic activities, widely demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we describe the recent findings about the neuroprotective action of quercetin by acting with different mechanisms on the microglial cells of CNS. The ability of quercetin to influence microRNA expression represents an interesting skill in the regulation of inflammation, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and immune responses. Moreover, in order to enhance quercetin bioavailability and capacity to target the brain, we discuss an innovative drug delivery system. In summary, this review highlighted an important application of quercetin in the modulation of neuroinflammation and prevention of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benameur
- College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raffaella Soleti
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, SFR ICAT, F-49800 Angers, France;
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Docampo-Palacios ML, Alvarez-Hernández A, de Fátima Â, Lião LM, Pasinetti GM, Dixon RA. Efficient Chemical Synthesis of (Epi)catechin Glucuronides: Brain-Targeted Metabolites for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:30095-30110. [PMID: 33251444 PMCID: PMC7689943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Grape seed extract (GSE) is rich in flavonoids and has been recognized to possess human health benefits. Our group and others have demonstrated that GSE is able to attenuate the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Moreover, our results have disclosed that the anti-Alzheimer's benefits are not directly/solely related to the dietary flavonoids themselves, but rather to their metabolites, particularly to the glucuronidated ones. To facilitate the understanding of regioisomer/stereoisomer-specific biological effects of (epi)catechin glucuronides, we here describe a concise chemical synthesis of authentic standards of catechin and epicatechin metabolites 3-12. The synthesis of glucuronides 9 and 12 is described here for the first time. The key reactions employed in the synthesis of the novel glucuronides 9 and 12 include the regioselective methylation of the 4'-hydroxyl group of (epi)catechin (≤1.0/99.0%; 3'-OMe/4'-OMe) and the regioselective deprotection of the tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) group at position 5 (yielding up to 79%) over the others (3, 7 and 3' or 4').
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maite L. Docampo-Palacios
- BioDiscovery
Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
- . Phone: +1-214-601-5892. Fax: +1-580-224-6692
| | - Anislay Alvarez-Hernández
- BioDiscovery
Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luciano Morais Lião
- Institute
of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Giulio M. Pasinetti
- Department
of Psychiatry, The Mount Sinai School of
Medicine, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Richard A. Dixon
- BioDiscovery
Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
- . Phone: +1-940-565-2308
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saleem U, Chauhdary Z, Raza Z, Shah S, Rahman MU, Zaib P, Ahmad B. Anti-Parkinson's Activity of Tribulus terrestris via Modulation of AChE, α-Synuclein, TNF-α, and IL-1β. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:25216-25227. [PMID: 33043200 PMCID: PMC7542845 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris (T.T.) is a rich source of flavonoids and saponins, which have been reported to have neuroprotective and antioxidant potential. The current study was planned to investigate the anti-Parkinson's activity of T. terrestris methanol extract (TTME). It was hypothesized that TTME possessed antioxidant potential and can ameliorate Parkinson's disease (PD) via modulation of α-synuclein, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), TNF-α, and IL-1β. To test this hypothesis, in silico and in vivo studies were performed. The PD model in rats was prepared by giving haloperidol, 1 mg/kg, i.p. Rats were divided into six groups: control, disease control, standard, and treatment groups receiving TTME orally at 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg dose levels for 21 days. Behavioral observations and biochemical analyses were done. The TTME modulatory effect on mRNA expression of α-synuclein, AChE, TNF-α, and interleukins in the brain homogenate was estimated by RT-PCR. Compounds detected in HPLC analysis disrupted the catalytic triad of AChE in in silico studies. Behavioral observations showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in a reversal of catatonia, muscular strength, locomotor functions, stride length, and exploration in a dose-dependent manner (1000 >300 >100 mg/kg) of PD rats. Endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels CAT, SOD, GSH, and GPx were significantly restored at a high dose (p < 0.05) with a notable (p < 0.05) decrease in the MDA level in TTME-treated groups. TTME at a high dose significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of acetylcholinesterase. RT-PCR results are showing down-regulation in the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, α -synuclein, TNF-α, and AChE in TTME-treated groups compared to the disease control group, indicating neuroprotection. It is concluded that TTME has potential to ameliorate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zunera Chauhdary
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Raza
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Shah
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood-ur Rahman
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government
College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Parwasha Zaib
- Department
of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government
College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ahmad R, Khan A, Lee HJ, Ur Rehman I, Khan I, Alam SI, Kim MO. Lupeol, a Plant-Derived Triterpenoid, Protects Mice Brains against Aβ-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100380. [PMID: 32993092 PMCID: PMC7601269 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that represents 60–70% of all dementia cases. AD is characterized by the formation and accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal cell loss. Further accumulation of Aβ in the brain induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic and memory dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of the natural triterpenoid lupeol in the Aβ1-42 mouse model of AD. An Intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v.) of Aβ (3 µL/5 min/mouse) into the brain of a mouse increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, neuroinflammation, and memory and cognitive dysfunction. The oral administration of lupeol at a dose of 50 mg/kg for two weeks significantly decreased the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and memory impairments. Lupeol decreased the oxidative stress via the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the brain of adult mice. Moreover, lupeol treatment prevented neuroinflammation by suppressing activated glial cells and inflammatory mediators. Additionally, lupeol treatment significantly decreased the accumulation of Aβ and beta-secretase-1 (BACE-1) expression and enhanced the memory and cognitive function in the Aβ-mouse model of AD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects of lupeol against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity. Our findings suggest that lupeol could serve as a novel, promising, and accessible neuroprotective agent against progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1345; Fax: +82-55-772-2656
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SA, El-Wahed AA, Gao R, Guo Z, Tahir HE, Zhao C, Du M, Farag MA, Musharraf SG, Abbas G. Honeybee products: An updated review of neurological actions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
35
|
Chaturvedi S, Malik MY, Rashid M, Singh S, Tiwari V, Gupta P, Shukla S, Singh S, Wahajuddin M. Mechanistic exploration of quercetin against metronidazole induced neurotoxicity in rats: Possible role of nitric oxide isoforms and inflammatory cytokines. Neurotoxicology 2020; 79:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
36
|
Li W, Xu C, Hao C, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Wang W. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus by myricetin through targeting viral gD protein and cellular EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. Antiviral Res 2020; 177:104714. [PMID: 32165083 PMCID: PMC7111628 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myricetin, a common dietary flavonoid, was reported to possess many different biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. In this study, we explored the anti-HSV effects and mechanisms of myricetin both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that myricetin possessed anti-HSV-1 and HSV-2 activities with very low toxicity, superior to the effects of acyclovir. Myricetin may block HSV infection through direct interaction with virus gD protein to interfere with virus adsorption and membrane fusion, which was different from the nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir. Myricetin also down-regulate the cellular EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to further inhibit HSV infection and its subsequent replication. Most importantly, intraperitoneal therapy of myricetin markedly improved mice survival and reduced virus titers in both lungs and spinal cord. Therefore, the natural dietary flavonoid myricetin has potential to be developed into a novel anti-HSV agent targeting both virus gD protein and cellular EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. Myricetin possessed anti-HSV-1 and HSV-2 activities in vitro with low toxicity. Myricetin may be able to block HSV binding and entry process in HeLa cells. Myricetin may directly bind to virus gD protein rather than cellular receptors of HSV. The EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway may be involved in the anti-HSV actions of myricetin. Myricetin markedly improved survival and reduced virus titers in HSV infected mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenmiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Cuijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Cui Hao
- Systems Biology & Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Shuyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khodarahmi A, Eshaghian A, Safari F, Moradi A. Quercetin Mitigates Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Rats with Bile Duct Ligation Through Modulation of the STAT3/SOCS3/IRS1 Signaling Pathway. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3045-3053. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Khodarahmi
- Dept. of Biochemistry, School of MedicineShahid Sadoughi Univ. of Medical Sciences and Health Services Yazd 8915173149 Iran
| | - Azam Eshaghian
- Dept. of Biochemistry, School of MedicineShahid Sadoughi Univ. of Medical Sciences and Health Services Yazd 8915173149 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Dept. of Physiology, School of MedicineShahid Sadoughi Univ. of Medical Sciences and Health Services Yazd 8915173149 Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Dept. of Biochemistry, School of MedicineShahid Sadoughi Univ. of Medical Sciences and Health Services Yazd 8915173149 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
El-Tagui MH, Salama KM, El-Sabbagh MH, Youness ER, Ragaey M, Abdel-Salam A. Polyneuropathy Associated with Severe Iron Overload and Oxidative Stress in β-Thalassemia Patients. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2019; 35:518-522. [PMID: 31388267 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-018-1050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the frequency of peripheral neuropathy in patients with β-thalassemia, and to assess its relation to iron overload and oxidative stress. Sixty β-thalassemia patients with mean age of 19 ± 4.9 years were recruited. Serum ferritin was quantitatively assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and biomarkers of oxidative stress were estimated calorimetrically. Electrophysiological studies using NEMUS 2, Galileu Software were carried out. The patients were separated into two groups: those with abnormal nerve conduction studies (NCS) {Group A; N = 38} and those with normal NCS {Group B; N = 22}. Thirty-eight (63.3%) patients had axonal motor neuropathy as evidenced by abnormal NCS (group A), they showed higher mean serum ferritin (p < 0.01), higher mean malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01), and lower mean nitrous oxide, total antioxidant capacity, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) (p < 0.01) compared to group B. Bivariate analysis of NCS data demonstrated that abnormal NCS were more frequent in splenectomized patients (p = 0.002), and poorly-chelated patients with serum ferritin ≥ 2000 ng/ml (p = 0.001). Significant variables associated with abnormal motor NCS were entered in stepwise regression analysis and only elevated serum ferritin (p = 0.01) was independently associated with abnormal motor NCS (p = 0.02; 95% CI 1.433-51.791). None of the studied patients had sensory neuropathy or myopathy. Peripheral motor neuropathy may occur in β-thalassemia patients at a high frequency, regardless of their age and gender. Severe iron overload may contribute to the pathogenesis of neuropathy. Other factors including chelation therapy, splenectomy, and oxidative stress might have an enhancing effect that couldn't be proved in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona H El-Tagui
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Ali Ibrahim St., Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Salama
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Ali Ibrahim St., Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H El-Sabbagh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuromotor System, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman R Youness
- 3Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ragaey
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuromotor System, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amina Abdel-Salam
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University, Ali Ibrahim St., Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee YG, Lee H, Jung JW, Seo KH, Lee DY, Kim HG, Ko JH, Lee DS, Baek NI. Flavonoids from Chionanthus retusus (Oleaceae) Flowers and Their Protective Effects against Glutamate-Induced Cell Toxicity in HT22 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143517. [PMID: 31323752 PMCID: PMC6678239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The dried flowers of Chionanthus retusus were extracted with 80% MeOH, and the concentrate was divided into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions. Repeated SiO2, octadecyl SiO2 (ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography of the EtOAc fraction led to the isolation of four flavonols (1–4), three flavones (5–7), four flavanonols (8–11), and one flavanone (12), which were identified based on extensive analysis of various spectroscopic data. Flavonoids 4–6 and 8–11 were isolated from the flowers of C. retusus for the first time in this study. Flavonoids 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, and 10–12 significantly inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and glutamate-induced cell toxicity and effectively increased HO-1 protein expression in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Flavonoids with significant neuroprotective activity were also found to recover oxidative-stress-induced cell damage by increasing HO-1 protein expression. This article demonstrates that flavonoids from C. retusus flowers have significant potential as therapeutic materials in inflammation and neurodisease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Geun Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwa Seo
- Strategic Planning Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Geun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Ko
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Guenné S, Ouattara N, Ouédraogo N, Ciobica A, Hilou A, Kiendrebéogo M. Phytochemistry and neuroprotective effects of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2019-0026/jcim-2019-0026.xml. [PMID: 31116703 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. or Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) or Eclipta erecta (Linn.) is an herbaceous plant well known in Asian as African traditional medicines. These extracts are used in traditional medicine for treatment of microbial diseases and certain metabolic disorders. This review aimed to investigate phytochemical profile and neuroprotective effects of E. alba (L.) Hassk. Several compounds belonging to the families of phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids and polysaccharides have been isolated, identified or characterized from E. alba extracts. This plant has a diverse neuropharmacological profile. Thus, its extract improves cognitive deficits and also attenuated epileptic seizures. Phytomolecules implicated in these potentials are Eclalbasaponin II and luteolin, respectively. This document updates isolated and identified organic compounds from the extracts of E. alba and reviews their neuropharmacological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samson Guenné
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O. Box: 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Nabèrè Ouattara
- University of Dedougou, BP 176, Dedougou, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O. Box: 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Noufou Ouédraogo
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O. Box: 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei nr. 54, sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti Romania.,Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi, B dul Carol I, no 8Romania.,Department of Research, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B dul Carol I, no 11, Iasi, Romania
| | - Adama Hilou
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O. Box: 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Martin Kiendrebéogo
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O. Box: 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Parrella E, Porrini V, Benarese M, Pizzi M. The Role of Mast Cells in Stroke. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050437. [PMID: 31083342 PMCID: PMC6562540 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are densely granulated perivascular resident cells of hematopoietic origin. Through the release of preformed mediators stored in their granules and newly synthesized molecules, they are able to initiate, modulate, and prolong the immune response upon activation. Their presence in the central nervous system (CNS) has been documented for more than a century. Over the years, MCs have been associated with various neuroinflammatory conditions of CNS, including stroke. They can exacerbate CNS damage in models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke by amplifying the inflammatory responses and promoting brain–blood barrier disruption, brain edema, extravasation, and hemorrhage. Here, we review the role of these peculiar cells in the pathophysiology of stroke, in both immature and adult brain. Further, we discuss the role of MCs as potential targets for the treatment of stroke and the compounds potentially active as MCs modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Parrella
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Porrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marina Benarese
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Joshi V, Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Amanullah A, Poluri KM, Singh S, Kumar A, Mishra A. Polyphenolic flavonoid (Myricetin) upregulated proteasomal degradation mechanisms: Eliminates neurodegenerative proteins aggregation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20900-20914. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Joshi
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | - Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | - Ayeman Amanullah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| | | | - Sarika Singh
- Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Division CSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhou WB, Miao ZN, Zhang B, Long W, Zheng FX, Kong J, Yu B. Luteolin induces hippocampal neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:613-620. [PMID: 30632501 PMCID: PMC6352604 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.248519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that the natural flavonoid luteolin has neurotrophic activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of luteolin in a mouse model of Down syndrome. Ts65Dn mice, which are frequently used as a model of Down syndrome, were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg luteolin for 4 consecutive weeks starting at 12 weeks of age. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory abilities, and the novel object recognition test was used to assess recognition memory. Immunohistochemistry was performed for the neural stem cell marker nestin, the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, the immature neuron marker DCX, the mature neuron marker NeuN, and the cell proliferation marker Ki67 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Nissl staining was used to observe changes in morphology and to quantify cells in the dentate gyrus. Western blot assay was used to analyze the protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in the hippocampus. Luteolin improved learning and memory abilities as well as novel object recognition ability, and enhanced the proliferation of neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Furthermore, luteolin increased expression of nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein, increased the number of DCX+ neurons in the granular layer and NeuN+ neurons in the subgranular region of the dentate gyrus, and increased the protein levels of BDNF and p-ERK1/2 in the hippocampus. Our findings show that luteolin improves behavioral performance and promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in Ts65Dn mice. Moreover, these effects might be associated with the activation of the BDNF/ERK1/2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Zhou
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zong-Ning Miao
- The Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Wuxi Third People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Long
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Xiu Zheng
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Khan A, Ali T, Rehman SU, Khan MS, Alam SI, Ikram M, Muhammad T, Saeed K, Badshah H, Kim MO. Neuroprotective Effect of Quercetin Against the Detrimental Effects of LPS in the Adult Mouse Brain. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1383. [PMID: 30618732 PMCID: PMC6297180 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is responsible for multiple neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential component of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall and acts as a potent stimulator of neuroinflammation that mediates neurodegeneration. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid that is abundantly found in fruits and vegetables and has been shown to possess multiple forms of desirable biological activity including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of quercetin against the detrimental effects of LPS, such as neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegeneration and synaptic/memory dysfunction, in adult mice. LPS [0.25 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally (I.P.) injections for 1 week]-induced glial activation causes the secretion of cytokines/chemokines and other inflammatory mediators, which further activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and neuronal degeneration. Compared to LPS alone, quercetin (30 mg/kg/day, I.P.) for 2 weeks (1 week prior to the LPS and 1 week cotreated with LPS) significantly reduced activated gliosis and various inflammatory markers and prevented neuroinflammation in the cortex and hippocampus of adult mice. Furthermore, quercetin rescued the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and neuronal degeneration by regulating Bax/Bcl2, and decreasing activated cytochrome c, caspase-3 activity and cleaving PARP-1 in the cortical and hippocampal regions of the mouse brain. The quercetin treatment significantly reversed the LPS-induced synaptic loss in the cortex and hippocampus of the adult mouse brain and improved the memory performance of the LPS-treated mice. In summary, our results demonstrate that natural flavonoids such as quercetin can be beneficial against LPS-induced neurotoxicity in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
A review on flavonoid-based scaffolds as multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:570-589. [PMID: 29763806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. The target enzymes inhibition including cholinesterase, beta-secretase, monoamine oxidase and inhibition of amyloid-β aggregation as well as oxidative stress and metal chelation play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Chroman-4-one scaffold with benzo-γ-pyrone network is a privileged structure in organic synthesis and drug design. A large number of research has been carried out on modified naturally occurring chromanone scaffolds and/or synthesized new analogues, to obtain effective drugs for AD management. The present review summarizes aspects related to the multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) strategy in enzyme targets modulation performed with natural and synthesized chroman-4-one-based structures to look at their potential in the management of multifactorial Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
Riaz H, Raza S, Aslam M, Ahmad M, Ahmad M, Maria P. An Updated Review of Pharmacological, Standardization Methods and Formulation Development of Rutin. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 12:127-132. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
|
47
|
An Updated Review of Pharmacological, Standardization Methods and Formulation Development of Rutin. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.12.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
48
|
Jiao Z, Xu W, Zheng J, Shen P, Qin A, Zhang S, Yang C. Kaempferide Prevents Titanium Particle Induced Osteolysis by Suppressing JNK Activation during Osteoclast Formation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16665. [PMID: 29192233 PMCID: PMC5709360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferide (KF) is an O-methylated flavonol, a natural plant extract, which is often found in Kaempferia galanga. It has a variety of effects including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether KF effectively inhibits titanium particle induced calvarial bone loss via down regulation of the JNK signaling pathway. In the mice with titanium particle induced calvarial osteolysis, the Low dose of KF mildly reduced the resorption pits while in the high dose group, fewer scattered pits were observed on the surface of calvarium. Histological examination showed fewer osteoclasts formation in the KF group. In mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and RAW264.7 cells, KF significantly inhibited the osteoclast formation and bone resorption at 12.5 μM. However, KF does not affect the mature osteoclast F-actin ring formation. But when being co-treated with KF and anisomycin, BMMs differentiated into mature osteoclasts. At the molecular levels, the JNK phosphorylation was inhibited and the osteoclastogenesis-related specific gene expression including V-ATPase d2, TRAP, calcitonin receptor (CTR), c-Fos and NFATc1 was markedly suppressed. In conclusion, these results indicated that KF is a promising agent in the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Jiao
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Pei Shen
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shanyong Zhang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Chi Yang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pahaye DB, Bum EN, Taïwé GS, Ngoupaye GT, Sidiki N, Moto FCO, Kouemou N, Njapdounke SJK, Nkantchoua G, Kandeda A, Omam JPO, Mairaira V, Ojong JL. Neuroprotective and Antiamnesic Effects of Mitragyna inermis Willd (Rubiaceae) on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Behav Neurol 2017; 2017:5952897. [PMID: 28386162 PMCID: PMC5366228 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5952897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To assess memory improvement and neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of Mitragyna inermis (M. inermis) leaf decoction on the central nervous system. Methodology. Leaf decoction of M. inermis was tested on learning and memory in normal and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice using memory behavioral tests such as the Morris water maze, object recognition task, and elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress enzymes-catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, a product of lipid peroxidation-were quantified. In each test, mice 18 to 25 g were divided into groups of 5. Results. The extract reversed the effects of scopolamine in mice. The extract significantly increased discrimination index in the object recognition task test and inflexion ratio in the elevated plus maze test. The times spent in target quadrant in MWM increased while the transfer latency decreased in mice treated by M. inermis at the dose of 196.5 mg/kg. The activity levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased, whereas the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was significantly decreased after 8 consecutive days of treatment with M. inermis at the dose of 393 mg/kg. Conclusion. These results suggest that M. inermis leaf extract possess potential antiamnesic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Bougolla Pahaye
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Ngo Bum
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Institute of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 46, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Germain Sotoing Taïwé
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Neteydji Sidiki
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | | | - Nadège Kouemou
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Gisele Nkantchoua
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Antoine Kandeda
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Pierre Omam Omam
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Veronique Mairaira
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Josiane Lucie Ojong
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Center of Medical Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medical Plants Studies, P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Omar SH, Scott CJ, Hamlin AS, Obied HK. The protective role of plant biophenols in mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:1-20. [PMID: 28301805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) into the neurotoxic oligomers followed by fibrillar aggregates is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several lines of proposed hypotheses have suggested the mechanism of AD pathology, though the exact pathophysiological mechanism is not yet elucidated. The poor understanding of AD and multitude of adverse responses reported from the current synthetic drugs are the leading cause of failure in the drug development to treat or halt the progression of AD and mandate the search for safer and more efficient alternatives. A number of natural compounds have shown the ability to prevent the formation of the toxic oligomers and disrupt the aggregates, thus attracted much attention. Referable to the abundancy and multitude of pharmacological activities of the plant active constituents, biophenols that distinguish them from the other phytochemicals as a natural weapon against the neurodegenerative disorders. This review provides a critical assessment of the current literature on in vitro and in vivo mechanistic activities of biophenols associated with the prevention and treatment of AD. We have contended the need for more comprehensive approaches to evaluate the anti-AD activity of biophenols at various pathologic levels and to assess the current evidences. Consequently, we highlighted the various problems and challenges confronting the AD research, and offer recommendations for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed H Omar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Adam S Hamlin
- School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Hassan K Obied
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| |
Collapse
|