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Alkhathami AM, Alturki AT, Ulhaq MM, Al-Meshal O. Pattern of Cleft Lip and Palate Clefts at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024:10556656241267234. [PMID: 39094378 DOI: 10.1177/10556656241267234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clefts of the lip and palate (CL/P) and cleft palate (CP) are the most common craniofacial congenital anomalies. Clefts are classified as syndromic and nonsyndromic. Nonsyndromic clefts have no known genetic causes. OBJECTIVES This study combines prospective and retrospective studies to review the patterns of CL/P and CP and associated syndromes and conditions in patients registered for CL/P surgery at a tertiary care pediatric center in our tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. METHODS It included patient data from May 2015 through April 2023. Patient record forms and SPSS (IBM version 20.0) were used to collect and analyze data. A significance level of 5% was used, with p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the 319 patients who met our inclusion criteria, 175 were male. Of the total, 99 had a left unilateral isolated cleft lip, 61 had a right unilateral isolated cleft lip, 69 had a bilateral cleft lip, and 90 had an isolated CP. Of the total, 140 had CL/P. Around 242 were nonsyndromic. The Chi-square test revealed a significant association between the prevalence of isolated CP and CLP and gender. The prevalence of left unilateral isolated cleft lip and bilateral and isolated CP was significantly associated with syndromic and nonsyndromic cases. CONCLUSION Males are more likely to be affected by orofacial clefts, which is consistent with the global trend. Isolated CP was the most common orofacial cleft. Within the sample, syndromes' association with orofacial clefts was significantly weaker than that of isolated and bilateral clefts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Alkhathami
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed T Alturki
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad M Ulhaq
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Al-Meshal
- Department of Plastic Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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de la Paz Barboza-Argüello M, Benavides-Lara A. Orofacial clefts in Costa Rica, 1996-2021: Analysis of surveillance data. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2387. [PMID: 39095883 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are among the most common birth defects (BD). In 2008, a series of improvements began in the Costa Rican Birth Defect Register Center (CREC). We aim to explore trends between 1996 and 2021. METHODS A trend analysis of OFCs from 1996 to 2021 and a descriptive analysis of OFCs from 2010 to 2021 were performed based on data from the CREC, the national BD surveillance system. Prevalence at birth was calculated according to the type: cleft palate (CP), cleft lip with or without CP (CL ± P), and presentation (isolated, multiple non-syndromic, or syndromes). We used joinpoint regression to identify if a significant change in trend occurred; the average annual percent change (AAPC) was determined. Marginal means and prevalence ratios by subperiod (1996-2009 as referent and 2010-2021) were estimated using Poisson regression and compared using Wald's chi-square tests (α ≤.05). RESULTS We found a significant AAPC for OFCs prevalence of +1.4: +0.6 for isolated, +2.9 for multiple non-syndromic, and +7.7 for syndromes (p < .05). When comparing the OFC's prevalence of the subperiod 2010-2021 (11.86 per 10,000) with 1996-2009 (9.36 per 10,000) the prevalence ratio was 1.3 (p < .01): 1.1 (p < .05) for isolated, 1.6 (p < .01) for multiple non-syndromic, and 3.3 (p < .01) for syndromes. The prevalence of OFCs from 2010 to 2021 was 9.1 for CL ± P and 2.8 for CP. Seventy-one percent of the OFCs were isolated, 22% multiple non-syndromic, and 7% syndromes. CONCLUSION The trend in OFCs' prevalence is toward increasing, mainly due to improvements in the surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de la Paz Barboza-Argüello
- Costa Rican Birth Defects Register Center (CREC), Costa Rican Institute of Research and Education in Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Adriana Benavides-Lara
- Costa Rican Birth Defects Register Center (CREC), Costa Rican Institute of Research and Education in Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Cartago, Costa Rica
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Carignan C. Ground-truth validation of the "earbuds method" for measuring acoustic nasalance. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 156:851-864. [PMID: 39120869 DOI: 10.1121/10.0028122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Among the variety of methodological tools available for quantifying the degree of nasalization, nasometry has remained a popular choice for both academic and clinical research on speech due to its relatively low cost, portability, ease of use, and interpretability. In its simplest form, nasometry involves two microphones that independently capture the acoustic radiation from the mouth and nose. Recently, a method was proposed by Stewart and Kohlberger [(2017). Lang. Doc. Conserv. 11, 49-80] of using earbuds to achieve a similar result. Although the method has been widely used since, most notably in the context of linguistic fieldwork, it has yet to be tested against ground-truth measurements of acoustic nasalance from a commercially established device; the current study attempts to provide this ground-truth comparison. A wide variety of characteristics of the relationship between nasalance measurements created using acoustic data co-registered from a commercial nasometer, silicone earbuds, and flat earbuds are thoroughly examined. The results suggest that the "earbuds method" may provide reliable estimates of nasality when assessed at a global level (i.e., overall averages, relatively high/low nasalance scores coinciding with the presence/absence of nasalization), but that the accuracy of these estimates may decline at more fine-grained levels in different ways that are outlined in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Carignan
- Department of Speech, Hearing and Phonetic Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Zawiślak A, Woźniak K, Tartaglia G, Agirre X, Gupta S, Kawala B, Znamirowska-Bajowska A, Grocholewicz K, Prosper F, Lubiński J, Jakubowska A. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in WNT Genes in Patients with Non-Syndromic Orofacial Clefts in a Polish Population. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1537. [PMID: 39061674 PMCID: PMC11275573 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14141537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic orofacial cleft (OFC) is the most common facial developmental defect in the global population. The etiology of these birth defects is complex and multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to determine if SNPs in the WNT gene family (rs1533767, rs708111, rs3809857, rs7207916, rs12452064) are associated with OFCs in a Polish population. The study included 627 individuals: 209 children with OFCs and 418 healthy controls. DNA was extracted from saliva for the study group and from umbilical cord blood for the control group. Polymorphism genotyping was conducted using quantitative PCR. No statistically significant association was found between four variants and clefts, with odds ratios for rs708111 being 1.13 (CC genotype) and 0.99 (CT genotype), for rs3809857 being 1.05 (GT genotype) and 0.95 (TT genotype), for rs7207916 being 0.86 (AA genotype) and 1.29 (AG genotype) and for rs12452064 being 0.97 (AA genotype) and 1.24 (AG genotype). However, the rs1533767 polymorphism in WNT showed a statistically significant increase in OFC risk for the GG genotype (OR = 1.76, p < 0.001). This research shows that the rs1533767 polymorphism in the WNT gene is an important risk marker for OFC in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Zawiślak
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Gianluca Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Xabier Agirre
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII-55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (X.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Satish Gupta
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Beata Kawala
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Wrocław Medical University, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland; (B.K.); (A.Z.-B.)
| | - Anna Znamirowska-Bajowska
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Wrocław Medical University, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland; (B.K.); (A.Z.-B.)
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Avenida Pío XII-55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (X.A.); (F.P.)
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
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Ács L, Nemes B, Nagy K, Ács M, Bánhidy F, Rózsa N. Maternal factors in the origin of cleft lip/cleft palate: A population-based case-control study. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27 Suppl 1:6-13. [PMID: 38010849 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Orofacial clefts are among the most common birth defects, with an estimated worldwide incidence of around 1.5-1.7 per 1000 live-born babies. The most frequent form of orofacial clefts is cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± CP). The role of environmental factors in the development of clefts is unclear in most patients, thus the aim of this study was to estimate possible maternal risk factors in the origin of CL ± CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1648 CL ± CP cases, 2654 matched controls and 57 231 population controls were evaluated from The Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities. Maternal factors during the critical period in cases and controls were compared. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in a multivariable conditional logistic regression model. RESULTS Among socio-demographic data, we have found significant differences between maternal employment. The proportion of unskilled mothers (6.5%) were higher in the CL ± CP group than in controls (3.5%). Medically recorded maternal anaemia, excessive vomiting and threatened abortion were associated with a higher risk of CL ± CP. An elevated risk was also found in various acute illnesses such as influenza (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 3.0-5.8), acute bronchitis (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.6-12.6) and urinary tract infections (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.0-6.0). Maternal migraine and essential hypertension occurred more frequently in the mothers of cases than in controls. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that maternal diseases and lifestyle factors during the first trimester play a significant role in the development of CL ± CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ács
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nemes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Nagy
- Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- OMFS-IMPATH KU Research Group, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Márton Ács
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bánhidy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Rózsa
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary
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Alade A, Peter T, Busch T, Awotoye W, Anand D, Abimbola O, Aladenika E, Olujitan M, Rysavy O, Nguyen PF, Naicker T, Mossey PA, Gowans LJJ, Eshete MA, Adeyemo WL, Zeng E, Van Otterloo E, O'Rorke M, Adeyemo A, Murray JC, Lachke SA, Romitti PA, Butali A. Shared genetic risk between major orofacial cleft phenotypes in an African population. Genet Epidemiol 2024. [PMID: 38634654 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) represent a large proportion (70%-80%) of all OFCs. They can be broadly categorized into nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO). Although NSCL/P and NSCPO are considered etiologically distinct, recent evidence suggests the presence of shared genetic risks. Thus, we investigated the genetic overlap between NSCL/P and NSCPO using African genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on NSOFCs. These data consist of 814 NSCL/P, 205 NSCPO cases, and 2159 unrelated controls. We generated common single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) association summary statistics separately for each phenotype (NSCL/P and NSCPO) under an additive genetic model. Subsequently, we employed the pleiotropic analysis under the composite null (PLACO) method to test for genetic overlap. Our analysis identified two loci with genome-wide significance (rs181737795 [p = 2.58E-08] and rs2221169 [p = 4.5E-08]) and one locus with marginal significance (rs187523265 [p = 5.22E-08]). Using mouse transcriptomics data and information from genetic phenotype databases, we identified MDN1, MAP3k7, KMT2A, ARCN1, and VADC2 as top candidate genes for the associated SNVs. These findings enhance our understanding of genetic variants associated with NSOFCs and identify potential candidate genes for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Alade
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tabitha Peter
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Waheed Awotoye
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Oladayo Abimbola
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Emmanuel Aladenika
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mojisola Olujitan
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Oscar Rysavy
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Phuong Fawng Nguyen
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Genetics, University of KwaZulu-Natal and Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, South Africa
| | - Peter A Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lord J J Gowans
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mekonen A Eshete
- Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric Van Otterloo
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Michael O'Rorke
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Azeez Butali
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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7
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Sun J, Li M, Sun H, Lin Z, Shi B, Jia Z. Genetic association and functional validation of ZFP36L2 in non-syndromic orofacial cleft subtypes. J Hum Genet 2024; 69:139-144. [PMID: 38321215 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOC) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations with complex etiology. This study aimed to explore the role of specific SNPs in ZFP36L2 and its functional relevance in zebrafish models. METHODS We analyzed genetic data of the Chinese Han population from two previous GWAS, comprising of 2512 cases and 2255 controls. Based on the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) and minor allele frequency (MAF), SNPs in the ZFP36L2 were selected for association analysis. In addition, zebrafish models were used to clarify the in-situ expression pattern of zfp36l2 and the impact of its Morpholino-induced knockdown. RESULTS Via association analysis, rs7933 in ZFP36L2 was significantly associated with various non-syndromic cleft lip-only subtypes, potentially conferring a protective effect. Zebrafish embryos showed elevated expression of zfp36l2 in the craniofacial region during critical stages of oral cavity formation. Furthermore, Morpholino-induced knockdown of zfp36l2 led to craniofacial abnormalities, including cleft lip, which was partially rescued by the addition of zfp36l2 mRNA. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the significance of ZFP36L2 in the etiology of NSOC, supported by both human genetic association data and functional studies in zebrafish. These results pave the way for further exploration of targeted interventions for craniofacial malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mujia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Huaqin Sun
- SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhonglin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Awotoye W, Mossey PA, Hetmanski JB, Gowans LJ, Eshete MA, Adeyemo WL, Alade A, Zeng E, Adamson O, James O, Fashina A, Ogunlewe MO, Naicker T, Adeleke C, Busch T, Li M, Petrin A, Oladayo A, Kayali S, Olotu J, Sule V, Hassan M, Pape J, Aladenika ET, Donkor P, Arthur FK, Obiri-Yeboah S, Sabbah DK, Agbenorku P, Ray D, Plange-Rhule G, Oti AA, Albokhari D, Sobreira N, Dunnwald M, Beaty TH, Taub M, Marazita ML, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Damaging Mutations in AFDN Contribute to Risk of Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:697-705. [PMID: 36384317 PMCID: PMC10185709 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221135926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel or rare damaging mutations have been implicated in the developmental pathogenesis of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL ± P). Thus, we investigated the human genome for high-impact mutations that could explain the risk of nsCL ± P in our cohorts. We conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 130 nsCL ± P case-parent African trios to identify pathogenic variants that contribute to the risk of clefting. We replicated this analysis using whole-exome sequence data from a Brazilian nsCL ± P cohort. Computational analyses were then used to predict the mechanism by which these variants could result in increased risks for nsCL ± P. We discovered damaging mutations within the AFDN gene, a cell adhesion molecule (CAMs) that was previously shown to contribute to cleft palate in mice. These mutations include p.Met1164Ile, p.Thr453Asn, p.Pro1638Ala, p.Arg669Gln, p.Ala1717Val, and p.Arg1596His. We also discovered a novel splicing p.Leu1588Leu mutation in this protein. Computational analysis suggests that these amino acid changes affect the interactions with other cleft-associated genes including nectins (PVRL1, PVRL2, PVRL3, and PVRL4) CDH1, CTNNA1, and CTNND1. This is the first report on the contribution of AFDN to the risk for nsCL ± P in humans. AFDN encodes AFADIN, an important CAM that forms calcium-independent complexes with nectins 1 and 4 (encoded by the genes PVRL1 and PVRL4). This discovery shows the power of NGS analysis of multiethnic cleft samples in combination with a computational approach in the understanding of the pathogenesis of nsCL ± P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Awotoye
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter A. Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jacqueline B. Hetmanski
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lord J.J Gowans
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mekonen A. Eshete
- Addis Ababa University, School Medicine, Surgical Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wasiu L. Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Azeez Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olawale Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Olutayo James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Azeez Fashina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Modupe O Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aline Petrin
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Abimbola Oladayo
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sami Kayali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt
| | - Veronica Sule
- Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Emmanuel T. Aladenika
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter Donkor
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fareed K.N. Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Solomon Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniel K. Sabbah
- Department of Child Oral Health and Orthodontics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Pius Agbenorku
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gyikua Plange-Rhule
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander Acheampong Oti
- Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniah Albokhari
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Nara Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
| | | | - Terri H. Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret Taub
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, and Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Azeez Butali
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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9
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Eridani-Ball B, Brimble MJ. Care of an infant born with a cleft palate: a case study. Nurs Child Young People 2024:e1514. [PMID: 38495018 DOI: 10.7748/ncyp.2024.e1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts are the most common facial congenital abnormalities in humans. Their management is complex due to a range of immediate and ongoing challenges. These include breathing, feeding, speech, hearing and dental issues. This article uses a case study approach to outline these challenges for a patient who was born with a cleft palate. The case is followed by a discussion of contemporary evidence-based care. The article focuses on family-centred care and multidisciplinary teamwork, and the author also details the central role of the children's nurse.
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10
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Ariawan D, Rachman MA, Aini N, Hak MS, Julia V, Sulistyani LD, Nakamura N. Evaluating Dental Arch Relationships in Indonesian Patients with Operated Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Using Modified Huddart/Bodenham Index and Bauru-bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) Yardstick. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e292-e299. [PMID: 38600928 PMCID: PMC11003293 DOI: 10.4317/jced.61121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (CBCLP) have the most complex orofacial abnormalities despite its lowest incidence among cleft lip and palate (CLP) types. Impaired maxillary growth can result from surgical procedures in patients with CBCLP. This study evaluates dental arch relationships in Indonesian patients with CBCLP after undergoing CLP repair at Harapan Kita Children and Mother Hospital in Jakarta. Material and Methods Using the modified Huddart and Bodenham (MHB) index and Bauru bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) yardstick, three examiners assessed 17 study models in the 9-year age group and 13 study models in the 12-year age group, as well as two intraoral clinical photographs of two patients with CBCLP. The assessments were repeated three times within two weeks of each assessment time. Results Patients with operated CBCLP (aged 9 and 12 years) had edge-to-edge tooth relations, which were categorized as a mild crossbite or mild deviation, and only required orthodontic treatment according to the two specified indicators. Conclusions The CLP repair protocol used at the Harapan Kita Hospital effectively manages CBCLP cases with satisfactory results, suggesting the effectiveness of the MHB index and Bauru-BCLP yardstick in assessing dental arch relationships in patients with operated CBCLP. Key words:Bilateral, cleft lip and palate, dental arch relationship, lip repair, palate repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Ariawan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad-Arfah Rachman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nur Aini
- Cleft Center, Harapan Kita Children and Mother Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Vera Julia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lilies-Dwi Sulistyani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Norifumi Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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11
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Golshan-Tafti M, Dastgheib SA, Bahrami R, Aarafi H, Foroughi E, Mirjalili SR, Kheirandish N, Aghasipour M, Shiri A, Azizi S, Aghili K, Manzourolhojeh M, Neamatzadeh H. A comprehensive consolidation of data on the relationship between IRF6 polymorphisms and non-syndromic cleft lip/palate susceptibility: From 79 case-control studies. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101809. [PMID: 38431084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a prevalent craniofacial birth defect on a global scale. A number of candidate genes have been identified as having an impact on NSCL/P. However, the association between interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) polymorphisms and NSCL/P has yielded inconsistent results, prompting the need for a meta-analysis to obtain more accurate estimates. METHODS We conducted a thorough screening of all relevant articles published up until November 15, 2023, in online bibliographic databases. The statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 4.0) software. RESULTS A total of 79 case-control studies, comprising 14,003 cases and 19,905 controls, were included in our analysis. The combined data indicated that the IRF6 rs642961 and rs2235371 polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of NSCL/P in the overall population. However, no significant association was found between the rs2013162 and rs2235375 polymorphisms and the risk of NSCL/P in the overall population. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed significant correlations between the IRF6 rs642961, rs2235371, and rs2235375 polymorphisms and the risk of NSCL/P based on ethnic background and country of origin. Nevertheless, the rs2013162 polymorphism plays a protective role in Caucasians and mixed populations. CONCLUSIONS Our collective data indicates a significant association between the rs642961 and rs2235371 polymorphisms and the risk of NSCL/P in the overall population. The rs2235375 polymorphism could influence the susceptibility to NSCL/P based on ethnic background. Meanwhile, the rs2013162 polymorphism provides protective effects in Caucasian, mixed populations, and the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Bahrami
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Hossein Aarafi
- Department of Pediatrics, Islamic Azad University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Elnaz Foroughi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirjalili
- Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Kheirandish
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Aghasipour
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Amirmasoud Shiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Azizi
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development Unit, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Aghili
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Manzourolhojeh
- Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Neamatzadeh
- Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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12
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Bhaskar A, Astrof S. A screen of mutants generated and imaged by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium identifies 39 novel genes regulating the development of the secondary palate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.09.579685. [PMID: 38405938 PMCID: PMC10888939 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.09.579685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) has generated thousands of knockout mouse lines, of which a large proportion is embryonic or early neonatal lethal. The IMPC has generated and imaged embryos from lethal lines and made the three-dimensional image data sets publicly available. In this study, we used this resource to screen homozygous null mutants for defects in the development of the secondary palate. Altogether, we analyzed optical sections from 3216 embryos isolated at embryonic day (E) 15.5 and E18.5 from 478 homozygous mutant lines. Through this analysis, we discovered 39 novel genes important for palatal development. These studies provide new insights into the molecular regulation of palatogenesis and craniofacial disease and offer a useful resource for future exploration.
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13
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Ulschmid CM, Sun MR, Jabbarpour CR, Steward AC, Rivera-González KS, Cao J, Martin AA, Barnes M, Wicklund L, Madrid A, Papale LA, Joseph DB, Vezina CM, Alisch RS, Lipinski RJ. Disruption of DNA methylation-mediated cranial neural crest proliferation and differentiation causes orofacial clefts in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317668121. [PMID: 38194455 PMCID: PMC10801837 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317668121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefts of the lip and palate are widely recognized to result from complex gene-environment interactions, but inadequate understanding of environmental risk factors has stymied development of prevention strategies. We interrogated the role of DNA methylation, an environmentally malleable epigenetic mechanism, in orofacial development. Expression of the key DNA methyltransferase enzyme DNMT1 was detected throughout palate morphogenesis in the epithelium and underlying cranial neural crest cell (cNCC) mesenchyme, a highly proliferative multipotent stem cell population that forms orofacial connective tissue. Genetic and pharmacologic manipulations of DNMT activity were then applied to define the tissue- and timing-dependent requirement of DNA methylation in orofacial development. cNCC-specific Dnmt1 inactivation targeting initial palate outgrowth resulted in OFCs, while later targeting during palatal shelf elevation and elongation did not. Conditional Dnmt1 deletion reduced cNCC proliferation and subsequent differentiation trajectory, resulting in attenuated outgrowth of the palatal shelves and altered development of cNCC-derived skeletal elements. Finally, we found that the cellular mechanisms of cleft pathogenesis observed in vivo can be recapitulated by pharmacologically reducing DNA methylation in multipotent cNCCs cultured in vitro. These findings demonstrate that DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic regulator of cNCC biology, define a critical period of development in which its disruption directly causes OFCs, and provide opportunities to identify environmental influences that contribute to OFC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caden M. Ulschmid
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Miranda R. Sun
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Christopher R. Jabbarpour
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Austin C. Steward
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Kenneth S. Rivera-González
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Jocelyn Cao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Alexander A. Martin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Macy Barnes
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Lorena Wicklund
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Andy Madrid
- Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Ligia A. Papale
- Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Diya B. Joseph
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Reid S. Alisch
- Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
| | - Robert J. Lipinski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53706
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14
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He M, Shi B, Zheng Q, Gong C, Huang H. Posttraumatic Growth and its Correlates Among Parents of Children With Cleft Lip and/or Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:110-118. [PMID: 35918807 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221118425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the posttraumatic growth (PTG) about parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and the correlates of PTG. A cross-sectional study. Parents (N = 388) of children with isolated CL/P (ages 3 months-18 years) who had at least one cleft surgery within an oral and maxillofacial surgery department of a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in a provincial capital in southwest China. Demographic information questionnaire, The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Social Support Rating Scale were used for data collection. Parents' mean PTG score was in the moderate range (M = 65.7, SD = 13.73). PTG differed regarding the participants' sex, ethnicity, and educational background. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that positive coping (r = 0.43, P < .01), negative coping (r = 0.13, P < .01), and social support (r = 0.26, P < .01) were positively correlated with PTG. Multiple regression model showed that 20.6% (P < .001) of the variance in PTG was explained by higher positive coping (β = 0.35, P < .001), greater social support (β = 0.13, P = .01), and for cleft lip compared to cleft palate (β = -0.14, P ≤ .01), with no variance difference for cleft lip and palate. Parents of children with CL/P had moderate PTG. Potentially modifiable correlates of PTG suggest interventions to enhance parental positive coping and social support may increase PTG. Further studies are needed to confirm the PTG level and its affecting factors of parents of children with CL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Luyo-Peñafiel BR, Briceño-Vergel G, Ladera-Castañeda MI, Córdova-Limaylla N, Huamaní-Echaccaya JL, Romero-Velásquez L, Hernández-Huamaní E, Castro-Rojas M, Cervantes-Ganoza L, Cayo-Rojas C. Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Knowledge About Management of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients in Peruvian Dental Students: A Logistic Regression Analysis. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2023; 14:1287-1298. [PMID: 38028374 PMCID: PMC10660724 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s437637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Cleft lip and palate are relatively frequent craniofacial alterations caused by the lack of union of the frontonasal processes with the maxillary processes during the first weeks of intrauterine life. This study evaluated the sociodemographic factors associated with the level of knowledge about management of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients in Peruvian dental students. Methods This analytical, observational, cross-sectional and prospective study evaluated 191 dental students belonging to two branches of a private Peruvian university (one branch in the capital city and the other in a province), from September to November 2022. A validated questionnaire of 14 closed multiple-choice questions was used. A logit model was used to evaluate the influence of the variables: sex, age, academic year of study, marital status, relationship with CLP persons, place of origin and area of residence, on the level of knowledge of the students considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results Of the total, 77%, 22.5% and 0.5% presented a poor, fair and good level of knowledge, respectively, on the dental management of the patient with cleft lip and palate. In addition, those who lived in urban areas were 2.8 times more likely to have poor knowledge about the dental management of patients with CLP, compared to those who lived in non-urban areas (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.26-6.33). Finally, sex, age, marital status, place of origin, academic year of studies and relationship with CLP persons were not considered influential factors (p>0.05). Conclusion Most of the students showed a poor level of knowledge about the dental management of patients with cleft lip and palate, a risk factor being that the students live in an urban area. It is recommended that educational authorities include selected topics on CLP in subjects related to infant, child and adolescent care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marysela Irene Ladera-Castañeda
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Research Team “salud Pública – Salud Integral”, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | - Miriam Castro-Rojas
- Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Research Team “salud Pública – Salud Integral”, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
| | | | - César Cayo-Rojas
- School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica, Peru
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16
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Kluge J, Bruggink R, Pandis N, Unkovskiy A, Jost-Brinkmann PG, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Bartzela T. Longitudinal Three-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetric Growth Analysis in Infants with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate from 3 to 12 Months of Age. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6432. [PMID: 37892569 PMCID: PMC10607132 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate facial growth and soft tissue changes in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (CUCLAP) at ages 3, 9, and 12 months. Using 3D images of 22 CUCLAP infants, average faces and distance maps for the entire face and specific regions were created. Color-coded maps highlighted more significant soft tissue changes from 3 to 9 months than from 9 to 12 months. The first interval showed substantial growth in the entire face, particularly in the forehead, eyes, lower lip, chin, and cheeks (p < 0.001), while the second interval exhibited no significant growth. This study provides insights into facial soft tissue growth in CUCLAP infants during critical developmental stages, emphasizing substantial improvements between 3 and 9 months, mainly in the chin, lower lip, and forehead. However, uneven growth occurred in the upper lip, philtrum, and nostrils throughout both intervals, with an overall decline in growth from 9 to 12 months. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of soft tissue growth in CUCLAP patients, highlighting the need to consider these patterns in treatment planning. Future research should explore the underlying factors and develop customized treatment interventions for enhanced facial aesthetics and function in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kluge
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Center for Oral Health Sciences CC3, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.U.); (P.-G.J.-B.)
| | - Robin Bruggink
- Radboudumc 3D Lab, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Nikolaos Pandis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Freiburgstraße 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland (A.M.K.-J.)
| | - Alexey Unkovskiy
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Center for Oral Health Sciences CC3, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.U.); (P.-G.J.-B.)
- Department of Dental Surgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 19c1, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Center for Oral Health Sciences CC3, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.U.); (P.-G.J.-B.)
| | - Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Freiburgstraße 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland (A.M.K.-J.)
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Campus Salemba, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Theodosia Bartzela
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Center for Oral Health Sciences CC3, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.U.); (P.-G.J.-B.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Cheng X, Du F, Long X, Huang J. Genetic Inheritance Models of Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Palate: From Monogenic to Polygenic. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1859. [PMID: 37895208 PMCID: PMC10606748 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a prevalent birth defect that affects 1/500-1/1400 live births globally. The genetic basis of NSCL/P is intricate and involves both genetic and environmental factors. In the past few years, various genetic inheritance models have been proposed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of NSCL/P. These models range from simple monogenic inheritance to more complex polygenic inheritance. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the genetic inheritance model of NSCL/P exemplified by representative genes and regions from both monogenic and polygenic perspectives. We also summarize existing association studies and corresponding loci of NSCL/P within the Chinese population and highlight the potential of utilizing polygenic risk scores for risk stratification of NSCL/P. The potential application of polygenic models offers promising avenues for improved risk assessment and personalized approaches in the prevention and management of NSCL/P individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Fengzhou Du
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiuzuo Huang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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18
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Yu X, Yang S, Xia W, Zhou X, Gao M, Shi H, Zhou Y. Identification of a Novel Variant of PDGFC Associated with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate in a Chinese Family. Int J Genomics 2023; 2023:8814046. [PMID: 37779880 PMCID: PMC10539090 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8814046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) accounts for 70% of the total number of patients with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and is the most common type of congenital deformity of the craniomaxillofacial region. In this study, whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed on affected members of a Han Chinese family, and a missense variant in the platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) gene (NM_016205: c.G93T: p.Q31H) was identified to be associated with NSCL/P. Bioinformatic studies demonstrated that the amino acid corresponding to this variation is highly conserved in many mammals and leads to a glutamine-to-histidine substitution in an evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding domain. It was found that the expression of PDGFC was significantly decreased in the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of NSCL/P cases, compared to the controls, and that the variant (NM_016205: c.G93T) reduced the expression of PDGFC. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that Pdgfc deficiency disrupted NSCL/P-related signaling pathways such as the MAPK signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecules. In conclusion, our study identified a missense variant (NM_016205: c.G93T) in exon 1 of PDGFC potentially associated with susceptibility to NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Simin Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenqian Xia
- Department of Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meiqin Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Alvizi L, Nani D, Brito LA, Kobayashi GS, Passos-Bueno MR, Mayor R. Neural crest E-cadherin loss drives cleft lip/palate by epigenetic modulation via pro-inflammatory gene-environment interaction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2868. [PMID: 37225711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-environment interactions are believed to play a role in multifactorial phenotypes, although poorly described mechanistically. Cleft lip/palate (CLP), the most common craniofacial malformation, has been associated with both genetic and environmental factors, with little gene-environment interaction experimentally demonstrated. Here, we study CLP families harbouring CDH1/E-Cadherin variants with incomplete penetrance and we explore the association of pro-inflammatory conditions to CLP. By studying neural crest (NC) from mouse, Xenopus and humans, we show that CLP can be explained by a 2-hit model, where NC migration is impaired by a combination of genetic (CDH1 loss-of-function) and environmental (pro-inflammatory activation) factors, leading to CLP. Finally, using in vivo targeted methylation assays, we demonstrate that CDH1 hypermethylation is the major target of the pro-inflammatory response, and a direct regulator of E-cadherin levels and NC migration. These results unveil a gene-environment interaction during craniofacial development and provide a 2-hit mechanism to explain cleft lip/palate aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alvizi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Diogo Nani
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Abreu Brito
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Shigeru Kobayashi
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Centro de Estudos do Genoma Humano e Celulas-Tronco, Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
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20
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Xu X, Lin J, Li X, Shao Q, Cui X, Zhu G, Lou S, Zhong W, Liu L, Pan Y. Genetic Variants in Mammalian STE20-like Protein Kinase 2 were associated with risk of NSCL/P. Gene 2023; 873:147459. [PMID: 37141954 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2 (MST2) plays an important role in apoptosis and the development of many disorders. Here, we aim to explore if genetic variants in MST2 are associated with the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P). MATERIALS AND METHODS The association study was performed in a two-stage study of 1,069 cases and 1,724 controls to evaluate the association between genetic variants in the MST2 and NSCL/P risk. The potential function of the candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was predicted using HaploReg, RegulomeDB, and public craniofacial histone chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data. Haploview was used to perform the haplotype of risk alleles. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) effect was assessed using the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Gene expression in mouse embryo tissue was performed using data downloaded from GSE67985. The potential role of candidate gene in the development of NSCL/P was assessed by correlation and enrichment analysis. RESULTS Among SNPs in MST2, rs2922070 C allele (Pmeta = 2.93E-04) and rs6988087 T allele (Pmeta = 1.57E-03) were linked with significantly increased risk of NSCL/P. Rs2922070, rs6988087 and their high linkage disequilibrium (LD) SNPs constituted a risk haplotype of NSCL/P. Individuals carrying 3-4 risk alleles had an elevated risk of NSCL/P compared to those who carried less risk alleles (P = 2.00E-04). The eQTL analysis revealed a significant association between these two variants and MST2 in muscle tissue of the body. The MST2 expressed during mouse craniofacial development and over-expressed in the human orbicularis oris muscle (OOM) of NSCL/P patients compared to controls. MST2 was involved in the development of NSCL/P by regulating the mRNA surveillance pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the neurotrophin signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway and the VEGF signaling pathway. CONCLUSION MST2 was associated with the development of NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Junyan Lin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qinghua Shao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xing Cui
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shu Lou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Weijie Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China Suzhou, 215127, China; Department of Stomatology, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215127, China.
| | - Luwei Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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Zhang M, Zhou J, Ji Y, Shu S, Zhang M, Liang Y. LncRNA-NONMMUT100923.1 regulates mouse embryonic palatal shelf adhesion by sponging miR-200a-3p to modulate medial epithelial cell desmosome junction during palatogenesis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16329. [PMID: 37251885 PMCID: PMC10208945 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate (CP) is a common neonatal craniofacial defect caused by the adhesion and fusion dysfunction of bilateral embryonic palatal shelf structures. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in CP formation with regulatory mechanism unknown. In this study, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was used to induced cleft palate in embryonic mice as model group. The RNA-sequencing was performed to screen differentially expressed genes between the normal and model group on embryonic day 16.5, and the expression of LncRNA-NONMMUT100923.1 and miR-200a-3p, Cdsn was confirmed by RT-PCR and western blotting. Colony formation, CCK-8 and EDU assays were performed to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis on mouse embryonic palatal shelf (MEPS) epithelial cells in vitro. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and dual luciferase activity assays was used to investigate the regulatory effect of LncRNA-NONMMUT100923.1 on miRNA and its target genes. Up-regulation of LncRNA-NONMMUT100923.1 and Cdsn while downregulation of miR-200a-3p was found in the model group. The sponging effects of LncRNA-NONMMUT100923 on miR-200a-3p and the target gene relations between Cdsn and miR-200a-3p was confirmed. Low expression of miR-200a-3p was related to the increased expressed levels of Cdsn and the proliferation of MEPS epithelial cells. Thus, a potential ceRNA regulatory network in which LncRNA-NONMMUT100923.1 regulates Cdsn expression by competitively binding to endogenous miR-200a-3p during palatogenesis, which may inhibit MEPS adhesion by preventing the disintegration of the desmosome junction in medial edge epithelium cells. These findings indicate the regulatory role of lncRNA and provides a potential direction for target gene therapy of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- The Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jieyan Zhou
- The Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yingwen Ji
- The Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Shenyou Shu
- The Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- The Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563099, Guizhou, China
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22
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Wang S, Shi J, Liu C, Wang P, Wang M, Li W, Zhou R, Zheng H, Jiang J, Li N, Li J, Zhou Z, Zhu H, Wu Y, Jia Z, Wu T, Hu Y, Beaty TH. Evidence of the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway genes in controlling the non-syndromic oral clefts risks. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1080-1088. [PMID: 34739175 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway is thought to play an important role in the etiology of non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOFC), although none of the genes in this pathway has shown significant signals in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Recent evidence indicated that enhanced understanding could be gained by aggregating multiple SNPs effect simultaneously into polygenic risk score (PRS) to assess its association with disease risks. This study is aimed to assess the association between the genetic effect of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway and NSOFC risks using PRS based on a case-parent trio design. A total of 297 SNPs mapped from 18 genes in the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway were aggregated from a GWAS of 2458 case-parent trios recruited from an international consortium. We found a PRS based on the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway was significant among all NSOFC trios (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.66-2.28, p = 2.39 × 10-16 ), as well as two major subtypes, non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) trios (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.50-1.96, p = 7.66 × 10-15 ) and non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) trios (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.36-1.68, p = 2.1 × 10-14 ). Similar results were also observed in further subgroup analyses stratified into Asian and European trios. The averaged PRS of the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway varied between the NSOFC case group and its comparison group (p < 0.05) with higher average PRS in the cases. Moreover, the top 5% pathway PRS group had 2.25 (95% CI: 1.85-2.73) times increased NSOFC risk, also 3.09 (95% CI: 2.50-3.81) and 2.06 (95% CI: 1.39-3.02) times increased risk of NSCL/P and NSCPO compared to the remainder of the distribution. The results of our study confirmed the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism pathway was important in controlling risk to NSOFC and this study enhanced evidence towards understanding the genetic risks of NSOFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Wang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Ping Wang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyong Li
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Zhou
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jin Jiang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhou
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonglin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Terri H Beaty
- School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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23
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Chandwani N, Nandan M, Jadhav G, Pawar AM, Karobari MI, Marya A. Single visit rehabilitation of 12-day neonate with cleft palate using modified feeding spoon impression technique: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7008. [PMID: 36860725 PMCID: PMC9969763 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The rehabilitation of the cleft requires a multidisciplinary approach involving a pediatrician, surgeon, otolaryngologist, speech therapist, orthodontist, prosthodontist, and psychologist. The present case report illustrates the rehabilitation of a 12-day-old neonate with a cleft palate. Since the palatal arch of the neonate was very small, a feeding spoon was innovatively modified to obtain the impression. The obturator was fabricated on the same day and delivered in one appointment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Chandwani
- Department of DentistryAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNagpurIndia
| | - Monika Nandan
- Department of DentistryAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNagpurIndia
| | - Ganesh Jadhav
- Department of DentistryAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNagpurIndia
| | | | | | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical ScienceSaveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
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24
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Ye QN, Zheng K. Expression and function of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 2 in cleft palate induced by retinoic acid. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 61:215-220. [PMID: 36906446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Cleft palate is a common maxillofacial congenital malformation, and its mechanism still has not been fully illustrated. Recently, lipid metabolic defects have been observed in cleft palate. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 2 (Pnpla2) is an important lipolytic gene. However, its effect on the formation of cleft palate remains unknown. In this research, we explored the expression of Pnpla2 in the palatal shelves of control mice. We also studied mice with cleft palates induced by retinoic acid and its effect on the embryonic palatal mesenchyme (EPM) cells phenotype. We found that Pnpla2 was expressed in the palatal shelves of both the cleft palate and control mice. Pnpla2 expression was lower in cleft palate mice than in the control mice. Experiments with EPM cells showed that knockdown of Pnpla2 inhibited cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, Pnpla2 is linked to palatal development. We have indicated that low expression of Pnpla2 affects palatogenesis by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of EPM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q N Ye
- Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
| | - K Zheng
- Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
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Slavec L, Geršak K, Eberlinc A, Hovnik T, Lovrečić L, Mlinarič-Raščan I, Karas Kuželički N. A Comprehensive Genetic Analysis of Slovenian Families with Multiple Cases of Orofacial Clefts Reveals Novel Variants in the Genes IRF6, GRHL3, and TBX22. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054262. [PMID: 36901693 PMCID: PMC10002089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the aetiology of non-syndromic orofacial clefts (nsOFCs) is usually multifactorial, syndromic OFCs (syOFCs) are often caused by single mutations in known genes. Some syndromes, e.g., Van der Woude syndrome (VWS1; VWS2) and X-linked cleft palate with or without ankyloglossia (CPX), show only minor clinical signs in addition to OFC and are sometimes difficult to differentiate from nsOFCs. We recruited 34 Slovenian multi-case families with apparent nsOFCs (isolated OFCs or OFCs with minor additional facial signs). First, we examined IRF6, GRHL3, and TBX22 by Sanger or whole exome sequencing to identify VWS and CPX families. Next, we examined 72 additional nsOFC genes in the remaining families. Variant validation and co-segregation analysis were performed for each identified variant using Sanger sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR and microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. We identified six disease-causing variants (three novel) in IRF6, GRHL3, and TBX22 in 21% of families with apparent nsOFCs, suggesting that our sequencing approach is useful for distinguishing syOFCs from nsOFCs. The novel variants, a frameshift variant in exon 7 of IRF6, a splice-altering variant in GRHL3, and a deletion of the coding exons of TBX22, indicate VWS1, VWS2, and CPX, respectively. We also identified five rare variants in nsOFC genes in families without VWS or CPX, but they could not be conclusively linked to nsOFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Slavec
- Research Unit, Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Geršak
- Research Unit, Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Eberlinc
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tinka Hovnik
- Clinical Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luca Lovrečić
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Mlinarič-Raščan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Karas Kuželički
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
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26
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Tian T, Yin S, Chen Y, Wang C, Liu M, Jin L, Li Z, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Ren A. Elevated concentrations of chromium in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum, and cord tissue are associated with an increased risk for orofacial clefts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113799. [PMID: 35780851 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) exposure during gestation causes malformations in animal experiments. In this multicenter case-control study, we initially involved 130 orofacial clefts (OFCs) and 260 controls to assess the association between Cr concentration and risk for OFCs. Then, umbilical cord serum (49 vs. 119) and cord tissue (84 vs. 142) were used to validate the association between Cr and OFCs. We found that maternal serum Cr concentrations in OFC cases were significantly higher than those in controls. Compared with the lowest tertile of maternal serum Cr concentration, the highest tertile of Cr increased the risk for OFCs [OR = 2.14 (1.14-4.05)]. In the validation cohort of umbilical cord serum and tissue, higher concentrations of Cr were associated with increased risks for OFCs in a dose-dependent manner (all Ps for trends <0.05). Cr concentrations in maternal serum and cord serum showed a positive correlation. The Cr concentration in cord serum was inversely correlated with egg and milk consumption frequencies, and the Cr concentration in cord tissue was positively associated with indoor coal burning. In conclusion, prenatal Cr exposure is a risk factor for OFCs, and indoor coal burning during pregnancy may be one of the sources of Cr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shengju Yin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Ministry of Education - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environment Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chengrong Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
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27
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Li M, Olotu J, Buxo-Martinez CJ, Mossey PA, Anand D, Busch T, Alade A, Gowans LJJ, Eshete M, Adeyemo WL, Naicker T, Awotoye WO, Gupta S, Adeleke C, Bravo V, Huang S, Adamson OO, Toraño AM, Bello CA, Soto M, Soto M, Ledesma R, Marquez M, Cordero JF, Lopez-Del Valle LM, Salcedo MI, Debs N, Petrin A, Malloy H, Elhadi K, James O, Ogunlewe MO, Abate F, Hailu A, Mohammed I, Gravem P, Deribew M, Gesses M, Hassan M, Pape J, Obiri-Yeboah S, Arthur FKN, Oti AA, Donkor P, Marazita ML, Lachke SA, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Variant analyses of candidate genes in orofacial clefts in multi-ethnic populations. Oral Dis 2022; 28:1921-1935. [PMID: 34061439 PMCID: PMC9733635 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cleft lip with/without cleft palate and cleft palate only is congenital birth defects where the upper lip and/or palate fail to fuse properly during embryonic facial development. Affecting ~1.2/1000 live births worldwide, these orofacial clefts impose significant social and financial burdens on affected individuals and their families. Orofacial clefts have a complex etiology resulting from genetic variants combined with environmental covariates. Recent genome-wide association studies and whole-exome sequencing for orofacial clefts identified significant genetic associations and variants in several genes. Of these, we investigated the role of common/rare variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11. MATERIALS AND METHODS We sequenced these five genes in 1255 multi-ethnic cleft lip with/without palate and cleft palate only samples in order to find variants that may provide potential explanations for the missing heritability of orofacial clefts. Rare and novel variants were further analyzed using in silico predictive tools. RESULTS Ninteen total variants of interest were found, with variant types including stop-gain, missense, synonymous, intronic, and splice-site variants. Of these, 3 novel missense variants were found, one in SHH, one in RORA, and one in GDF11. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11 may contribute to risk of orofacial clefts in various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Carmen J Buxo-Martinez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Peter A Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Azeez Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lord J J Gowans
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mekonen Eshete
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Waheed O Awotoye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sagar Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Valeria Bravo
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Siyong Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olatunbosun O Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Mairim Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Marilyn Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Ricardo Ledesma
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Myrellis Marquez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jose F Cordero
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Lydia M Lopez-Del Valle
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Maria I Salcedo
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Natalio Debs
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Aline Petrin
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hannah Malloy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Khalid Elhadi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olutayo James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mobolanle O Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fekir Abate
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiye Hailu
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ibrahim Mohammed
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Paul Gravem
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Milliard Deribew
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mulualem Gesses
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Solomon Obiri-Yeboah
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fareed K N Arthur
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander A Oti
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Peter Donkor
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Departments of Oral Biology and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- National Human Genomic Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Li MJ, Shi JY, Zhang BH, Chen QM, Shi B, Jia ZL. Targeted re-sequencing on 1p22 among non-syndromic orofacial clefts from Han Chinese population. Front Genet 2022; 13:947126. [PMID: 36061182 PMCID: PMC9428125 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.947126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rs560426 at 1p22 was proved to be associated with NSCL/P (non-syndromic cleft lip with or without the palate) in several populations, including Han Chinese population. Here, we conducted a deep sequencing around rs560426 to locate more susceptibility variants in this region. In total, 2,293 NSCL/P cases and 3,235 normal controls were recruited. After sequencing, association analysis was performed. Western blot, RT-qPCR, HE, immunofluorescence staining, and RNA sequencing were conducted for functional analyses of the selected variants. Association analysis indicated that rs77179923 was the only SNP associated with NSCLP specifically (p = 4.70E-04, OR = 1.84), and rs12071152 was uniquely associated with LCLO (p = 4.00E-04, OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.12–1.51). Moreover, de novo harmful rare variant NM_004815.3, NP_004806.3; c.1652G>C, p.R551T in ARHGAP29 resulted in a decreased expression level of ARHGAP29, which in turn affected NSCL/P-related biological processes; however, no overt cleft palate (CP) phenotype was observed. In conclusion, rs12071152 was a new susceptible variant, which is specifically associated with LCLO among the Han Chinese population. Allele A of it could increase the risk of having a cleft baby. Rs77179923 and rare variant NM_004815.3, NP_004806.3; c.1652G>C, p.R551T at 1p22 were both associated with NSCLP among the Han Chinese population. However, this missense variation contributes to no overt CP phenotype due to dosage insufficiency or compensation from other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bi-He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Lin Jia,
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29
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Whole-genome sequencing reveals de-novo mutations associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11743. [PMID: 35817949 PMCID: PMC9273634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority (85%) of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) cases occur sporadically, suggesting a role for de novo mutations (DNMs) in the etiology of nsCL/P. To identify high impact protein-altering DNMs that contribute to the risk of nsCL/P, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analyses in 130 African case-parent trios (affected probands and unaffected parents). We identified 162 high confidence protein-altering DNMs some of which are based on available evidence, contribute to the risk of nsCL/P. These include novel protein-truncating DNMs in the ACTL6A, ARHGAP10, MINK1, TMEM5 and TTN genes; as well as missense variants in ACAN, DHRS3, DLX6, EPHB2, FKBP10, KMT2D, RECQL4, SEMA3C, SEMA4D, SHH, TP63, and TULP4. Many of these protein-altering DNMs were predicted to be pathogenic. Analysis using mouse transcriptomics data showed that some of these genes are expressed during the development of primary and secondary palate. Gene-set enrichment analysis of the protein-altering DNMs identified palatal development and neural crest migration among the few processes that were significantly enriched. These processes are directly involved in the etiopathogenesis of clefting. The analysis of the coding sequence in the WGS data provides more evidence of the opportunity for novel findings in the African genome.
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Lux S, Mayr M, Schwaiger M, Edmondson SJ, Steiner C, Schachner P, Gaggl A. Nasolabial Appearance in 5-Year-Old Patients with Repaired Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Comparison of Two Different Techniques of Lip Repair. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102943. [PMID: 35629067 PMCID: PMC9144955 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Different surgical techniques are available to adequately correct the primary cleft lip deformity; however, when compared, none of these techniques have proven superior with regard to achieving optimal aesthetic results. Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to assess the nasolabial appearance in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at age five with reference to two techniques for primary cleft lip repair used in our service: Pfeifer’s wave-line procedure and Randall’s technique. A modified Asher–McDade Aesthetic Index was applied to appraise the nasolabial area by means of 2D photographs of non-syndromic five-year-old patients with a UCLP. In this context, three parameters were assessed: 1. nasal frontal view; 2. shape of the vermilion border and philtrum length; and 3. the nasolabial profile. Five professionals experienced in cleft care were asked to rate the photographs on two occasions. Overall, 53 patients were included in the final analysis, 28 of whom underwent lip repair according to Pfeifer; 25 were treated employing Randall’s technique. Statistically significant differences between the two techniques regarding philtrum length and vermilion border were found (p = 0.046). With reference to the other parameters assessed, no significant differences were determined. The results suggest that Randall’s cleft lip repair may allow for more accurate alignment of the vermilion border and more adequate correction of the cleft lip length discrepancy in comparison to Pfeifer’s wave-line technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Lux
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.L.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Matthias Mayr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.L.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Michael Schwaiger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-660-47-12-938
| | | | - Christoph Steiner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.L.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Peter Schachner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.L.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Alexander Gaggl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.L.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
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31
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Niinomi K, Ueki S, Fujita Y, Kitao M, Matsunaka E, Kumagai Y, Ike M. Differences in specific concerns perceived by parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate based on the types of cleft. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:304-313. [PMID: 34358380 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have concerns including guilt and worry. Differences in concerns by cleft type is, however, under-researched. AIM To compare differences in perceived concerns among parents of children with CL/P by cleft type, adjusting for children's gender and age. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted in an outpatient centre, assessing psychological status of 171 parents of children aged <12 with CL/P using 12 items. RESULTS Across cleft types, 'I am worried about whether the child's teeth will be straight' was the most strongly perceived concern (70.8%). After adjusting for gender and age, logistic regression showed significant differences in type of CL/P for (eg) 'I am worried that the child's appearance will not be beautiful', associated with CL over CP (OR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26) and CLP over CP (8.52, 3.23-22.50);' 'I am concerned about my child being able to speak well', associated with CP (3.12, 1.07-9.11) and CLP (5.69, 2.43-13.33) over CL, and 'I am worried that the child could suffer due to his/her appearance', associated with CL over CP (0.08, 0.02-0.29) and CLP over CP (10.07, 13.78-27.36). CONCLUSIONS Parents' concerns were influenced by cleft type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuteru Niinomi
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Ueki
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fujita
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mika Kitao
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Eriko Matsunaka
- Department of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing, Munakata, Japan
| | - Yukari Kumagai
- Department of Nursing, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Miho Ike
- Department of Nursing, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan
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Askarian S, Gholami M, Khalili-Tanha G, Tehrani NC, Joudi M, Khazaei M, Ferns GA, Hassanian SM, Avan A, Joodi M. The genetic factors contributing to the risk of cleft lip-cleft palate and their clinical utility. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022:10.1007/s10006-022-01052-3. [PMID: 35426585 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cleft lip and cleft palate (CL/P) are among the most common congenital malformations in neonates and have syndromic or nonsyndromic forms. Nonsyndromic forms of malformation are being reported to be associated with chromosomal DNA modification by teratogenic exposure and to complex genetic contributions of multiple genes. Syndromic forms are shown to be related to chromosomal aberrations or monogenic diseases. There is a growing body of data illustrating the association of several genes with risk of developing this malformation, including genetic defects in T-box transcription factor-22 (TBX22), interferon regulatory factor-6 (IRF6), and poliovirus receptor-like-1 (PVRL1), responsible for X-linked cleft palate, cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, and Van der Woude and popliteal pterygium syndromes, respectively. Genetic variants in MTR, PCYT1A, ASS1, SLC 25A13, GSTM1, GSTT1, SUMO1 BHMT1, and BHMT2 are being reported to be linked with CL/P risk. The etiology of nonsyndromic CLP is still remained to be unknown, although mutations in candidate genes have been found. Here, we provide an overview about the potential variants to be associated with CL/P for identification of the relative risk of CLP with respect to the basis of genetic background and environmental factors (e.g., dietary factors, alcohol use).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Askarian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Gholami
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Chaeichi Tehrani
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Joudi
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Marjan Joodi
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Sarvar Children's Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Goida J, Pilmane M. The Evaluation of FGFR1, FGFR2 and FOXO1 in Orofacial Cleft Tissue. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9040516. [PMID: 35455561 PMCID: PMC9032315 DOI: 10.3390/children9040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital anomalies worldwide, the morphopathogenesis of non-syndromic orofacial clefts is still unclear. Many candidate genes have been proposed to play a causal role; however, only a few have been confirmed, leaving many still to be assessed. Taking into account the significance of FGFR1, FGFR2 and FOXO1 in embryogenesis, the aim of this work was to detect and compare the three candidate genes in cleft-affected lip and palatine tissue. Ten soft tissue samples were taken during cheiloplasty and veloplasty. The signals of the candidate genes were visualized using chromogenic in situ hybridization and analyzed using a semi-quantitative method. No statistically important difference in the distribution of FGFR1, FGFR2 and FOXO1 between neither the patients’ lip and vomer mucosa nor the control group was observed. Statistically significant very strong and strong correlations were found between genes in the lip and palatine tissue. The expression of FGFR1, FGFR2 and FOXO1 in cleft-affected lip and palatine tissue seems to be highly individual. Numerous intercorrelations between the genes do not exclude their role in the possible complex morphopathogenesis of orofacial clefts.
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34
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Roxburgh Z, Cleland J, Scobbie JM, Wood SE. Quantifying changes in ultrasound tongue-shape pre- and post-intervention in speakers with submucous cleft palate: an illustrative case study. CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS 2022; 36:146-164. [PMID: 34496688 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2021.1973566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound Tongue Imaging is increasingly used during assessment and treatment of speech sound disorders. Recent literature has shown that ultrasound is also useful for the quantitative analysis of a wide range of speech errors. So far, the compensatory articulations of speakers with cleft palate have only been analysed qualitatively. This study provides a pilot quantitative ultrasound analysis, drawing on longitudinal intervention data from a child with submucous cleft palate. Two key ultrasound metrics were used: 1. articulatory t-tests were used to compare tongue-shapes for perceptually collapsed phonemes on a radial measurement grid and 2. the Mean Radial Difference was reported to quantify the extent to which the two tongue shapes differ, overall. This articulatory analysis supplemented impressionistic phonetic transcriptions and identified covert contrasts. Articulatory errors identified in this study using ultrasound were in line with errors identified in the speech of children with cleft palate in previous literature. While compensatory error patterns commonly found in speakers with cleft palate have been argued to facilitate functional phonological development, the nature of our findings suggest that the compensatory articulations uncovered are articulatory in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Roxburgh
- Clinical Audiology, Speech and Language Research Centre, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - J Cleland
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - J M Scobbie
- Clinical Audiology, Speech and Language Research Centre, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - S E Wood
- Clinical Audiology, Speech and Language Research Centre, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
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35
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Nomura Y, Oshima H, Nomura K, Kakuta R, Ikeda R, Hirano AK, Ota J, Kawase T, Katori Y. Outcome of the 'waiting until spontaneous extrusion' strategy for long-term tympanostomy tube placement in children with cleft palate. Acta Otolaryngol 2022; 142:248-253. [PMID: 35451931 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2022.2041210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Otitis media with effusion (OME) in children with cleft palate (CP) is known to be refractory to treatment and most of these patients undergo surgery for ventilation tube (VT) placement. OBJECTIVES To identify the outcomes of children with CP using long-term VT with a 'waiting until spontaneous extrusion' strategy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all children with CP who visited our department from December 2016 to November 2017 and who received long-term VT placement in our department. Risk factors related to residual perforation and recurrence of OME were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 106 children were included in this study. Our statistical analysis of 94 ears followed for more than three months after VT loss revealed that longer VT placement was associated with residual perforation, and shorter VT placement was associated with OME recurrence. Although a longer duration of VT placement was associated with an increased rate, extremely long-term VT placement was not associated with residual perforation, as expected. Half of the VTs were spontaneously extruded at 40 months after insertion. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Long-term VT insertion using a waiting until spontaneous extrusion strategy is a potential option for children with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nomura
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Sen-En Rifu Otological Surgery Center, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Nomura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Kosai Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Risako Kakuta
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryoukichi Ikeda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Iwate prefectural Iwai hospital, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ai Kawamoto Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Ota
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuaki Kawase
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Laboratory of Rehabilitative Auditory Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukio Katori
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Khan M, Prashanth CS, Mustak M, Nizamuddin S, Tejasvi A. Parental transmission effects of the PAX7 Polymorphisms among non-syndromic cleft lip palate: A case-parent trio study. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ACADEMY OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_50_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Todorović J, Zelić M, Jerkić L. Eating and swallowing disorders in children with cleft lip and/or palate. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/afmnai39-30733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Cleft lip and palate are complex congenital anomalies of the orofacial system of children. Feeding and swallowing problems occur with varying degrees in children with cleft lip and/or palate. Aim. The aim of this paper was to review the literature and available evidence regarding the types of eating and swallowing disorders that can be identified in children with cleft lip and/or palate, as well as a description and types of compensatory strategies and interventions to alleviate difficulties. Methods. Insight into the relevant literature was performed by specialized search engines on the internet and insight into the electronic database. Results. The extent of the cleft is related to the severity of eating and swallowing disorders, so the most common problems are decreased oral sensitivity, cough, choking, nasal regurgitation, difficulty in sucking, laryngotracheal aspiration due to inadequate airway protection during swallowing, which may result in pneumonia and lung damage. Feeding and swallowing difficulty is also a source of stress for parents. Conclusion. Choking, coughing, nasal regurgitation, laryngotracheal aspiration, excessive air intake can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, but also the need for alternative feeding methods Therefore, it is of great importance to identify the problems of feeding and swallowing in a timely manner, along with modifications of the feeding method.
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Seelan RS, Pisano MM, Greene RM. MicroRNAs as epigenetic regulators of orofacial development. Differentiation 2022; 124:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yin B, Shi JY, Shi B, Zheng Q, Jia ZL. Association Between SNPs in 1q32.2 and NSCL ± P in Han Chinese Population. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:1520-1526. [PMID: 34730443 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211052837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P) is one of the most common birth malformations. Currently, numerous susceptibility SNPs have been reported by GWA studies, however, the replications of them among NSCL ± P from Han Chinese were very limited. DESIGN In this study, we selected 16 SNPs around 1q32.2 based on the published GWA studies and replicated them among 302 trios with NSCL ± P from Han Chinese Population. The genotypic data was analyzed with FBAT, PLINK and R package. SETTING The study was conducted in a tertiary medical center. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS 302 patients with CL ± P and their parents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES To ascertain the genetic variants in 1q32.2 in patients with CL ± P in Han Chinese Population. INTERVENTIONS Blood samples were collected. RESULTS We found T allele (Z = 4.26, p = 0.00002) and T/T homozygotes (Z = 4.4, p = 0.000011) at rs12063989 was significantly over-transmitted among non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P). CONCLUSIONS We found rs12063989 exhibited significant association with the occurrence of NSCL ± P, which would provide new evidence for the future study in the etiology of NSCL ± P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of cleft lip and palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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40
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Awotoye W, Comnick C, Pendleton C, Zeng E, Alade A, Mossey PA, Gowans LJJ, Eshete MA, Adeyemo WL, Naicker T, Adeleke C, Busch T, Li M, Petrin A, Olotu J, Hassan M, Pape J, Miller SE, Donkor P, Anand D, Lachke SA, Marazita ML, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Albokhari D, Sobreira N, Butali A. Genome-wide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Studies Identify Novel Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts Risk Locus. J Dent Res 2021; 101:465-472. [PMID: 34689653 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211046614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk loci identified through genome-wide association studies have explained about 25% of the phenotypic variations in nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (nsOFCs) on the liability scale. Despite the notable sex differences in the incidences of the different cleft types, investigation of loci for sex-specific effects has been understudied. To explore the sex-specific effects in genetic etiology of nsOFCs, we conducted a genome-wide gene × sex (GxSex) interaction study in a sub-Saharan African orofacial cleft cohort. The sample included 1,019 nonsyndromic orofacial cleft cases (814 cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 205 cleft palate only) and 2,159 controls recruited from 3 sites (Ethiopia, Ghana, and Nigeria). An additive logistic model was used to examine the joint effects of the genotype and GxSex interaction. Furthermore, we examined loci with suggestive significance (P < 1E-5) in the additive model for the effect of the GxSex interaction only. We identified a novel risk locus on chromosome 8p22 with genome-wide significant joint and GxSex interaction effects (rs2720555, p2df = 1.16E-08, pGxSex = 1.49E-09, odds ratio [OR] = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.57). For males, the risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate at this locus decreases with additional copies of the minor allele (p < 0.0001, OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.74), but the effect is reversed for females (p = 0.0004, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.60). We replicated the female-specific effect of this locus in an independent cohort (p = 0.037, OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.65), but no significant effect was found for the males (p = 0.29, OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.65 to 1.14). This locus is in topologically associating domain with craniofacially expressed and enriched genes during embryonic development. Rare coding mutations of some of these genes were identified in nsOFC cohorts through whole exome sequencing analysis. Our study is additional proof that genome-wide GxSex interaction analysis provides an opportunity for novel findings of loci and genes that contribute to the risk of nsOFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Awotoye
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C Comnick
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C Pendleton
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E Zeng
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - P A Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - L J J Gowans
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - M A Eshete
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - W L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - T Naicker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - C Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - T Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A Petrin
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - M Hassan
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - J Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S E Miller
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - P Donkor
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - D Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - S A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Departments of Oral Biology and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A A Adeyemo
- National Human Genomic Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D Albokhari
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Butali
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Pan M, Chen GL, Zhen L, Zhang AN, Li DZ. Early prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate in a Chinese woman with a mosaic CDH1 variant. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 266:45-47. [PMID: 34592648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Pan
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gui-Lan Chen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ao-Ni Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Henyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Li
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Thakur S, Jishad C, Singhal P, Chauhan D. Comparative clinical evaluation of modified and conventional Grayson's presurgical nasoalveolar molding technique in infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:68. [PMID: 34584646 PMCID: PMC8428282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) was introduced by Grayson et al., in 1993 to presurgically mold the alveolus, lip, and nose in infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP). The aim of this comparative clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of Modified and Conventional Grayson's PNAM in patients concerning morphological and anatomical changes in maxillary alveolus, nasal symmetry, number of visits, and duration of treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this comparative clinical trial study, 16 infants with unilateral complete CLP were equally divided into two groups: Group I (modified PNAM technique using titanium molybdenum alloy [TMA] wire nasal stent) and Group II (conventional PNAM technique using stainless steel wire nasal stent). Patient photographic evaluation of nasal symmetry and maxillary study model CAD-CAM analysis, pre- and post-operatively in both groups, were compared using a paired t-test between the groups using the Chi-square test with P < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS In both groups, on evaluating nasal measurements, statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in nasal width and increase in columella deviation angle, a decrease of nostril length, and an increase of columella length in Group I were observed. On maxillary study model evaluation, a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in width of the alveolar cleft was noticed in both groups and lateral deviation of the incisal point in Group I and width of the palatal cleft in Group II was noticed. CONCLUSION This study showed a morphological improvement in nasal symmetry and maxillary alveolar morphology in complete unilateral CLP patients, treated with both Modified and Conventional PNAM techniques, with the Modified PNAM technique being more efficient for treatment duration and the number of adjustments as there are less number of visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Thakur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, HP Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Seema Thakur, Room No. 302, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, HP Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - C. Jishad
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, HP Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Parul Singhal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, HP Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Chauhan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, HP Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Liu FH, Xing Z, Gong TT, Zhang JY, Huang YH, Li J, Liu S, Chen YL, Li LL, Jiang CZ, Chen ZJ, Zhao YH, Wu QJ. Maternal exposure to sulfur dioxide and the risk of oral clefts in Liaoning Province, China: a population-based case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39101-39109. [PMID: 33745054 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is limited and equivocal epidemiological evidence relating to the association between maternal sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure and the risk of oral clefts (OCs) in offspring. We performed a population-based case-control study in Liaoning province to evaluate aforementioned relationship during 3 months before conception, the first trimester of pregnancy, and their single months. The study involved 3086 patients with OCs and 7950 controls. Data relating to SO2 concentration was acquired from air monitoring stations throughout the study period. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to evaluate the association between exposure to SO2 and the risk of OCs during the exposure windows. Maternal SO2 exposure was positively related to OCs during the 3 months before conception (odds ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-1.65; P for trend < 0.01). Positive relationships were obtained from the first and second months before conception and the first month of pregnancy. Thus, our research reflects a relationship between SO2 exposure and the risk of OCs. Future studies are now required to verify the association between SO2 exposure and OCs during pregnancy and indicate the most relevant vulnerable exposure time windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ze Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Da Nan Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Science and Education, Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring, Liaoning Eco-environmental Monitoring Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Office of Institution, Liaoning Women and Children's Health Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- Department of Children's Health Prevention, Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zong-Jiao Chen
- Department of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring, Liaoning Eco-environmental Monitoring Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Ray D, Venkataraghavan S, Zhang W, Leslie EJ, Hetmanski JB, Weinberg SM, Murray JC, Marazita ML, Ruczinski I, Taub MA, Beaty TH. Pleiotropy method reveals genetic overlap between orofacial clefts at multiple novel loci from GWAS of multi-ethnic trios. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009584. [PMID: 34242216 PMCID: PMC8270211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on epidemiologic and embryologic patterns, nonsyndromic orofacial clefts- the most common craniofacial birth defects in humans- are commonly categorized into cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate alone (CP), which are traditionally considered to be etiologically distinct. However, some evidence of shared genetic risk in IRF6, GRHL3 and ARHGAP29 regions exists; only FOXE1 has been recognized as significantly associated with both CL/P and CP in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We used a new statistical approach, PLACO (pleiotropic analysis under composite null), on a combined multi-ethnic GWAS of 2,771 CL/P and 611 CP case-parent trios. At the genome-wide significance threshold of 5 × 10-8, PLACO identified 1 locus in 1q32.2 (IRF6) that appears to increase risk for one OFC subgroup but decrease risk for the other. At a suggestive significance threshold of 10-6, we found 5 more loci with compelling candidate genes having opposite effects on CL/P and CP: 1p36.13 (PAX7), 3q29 (DLG1), 4p13 (LIMCH1), 4q21.1 (SHROOM3) and 17q22 (NOG). Additionally, we replicated the recognized shared locus 9q22.33 (FOXE1), and identified 2 loci in 19p13.12 (RAB8A) and 20q12 (MAFB) that appear to influence risk of both CL/P and CP in the same direction. We found locus-specific effects may vary by racial/ethnic group at these regions of genetic overlap, and failed to find evidence of sex-specific differences. We confirmed shared etiology of the two OFC subtypes comprising CL/P, and additionally found suggestive evidence of differences in their pathogenesis at 2 loci of genetic overlap. Our novel findings include 6 new loci of genetic overlap between CL/P and CP; 3 new loci between pairwise OFC subtypes; and 4 loci not previously implicated in OFCs. Our in-silico validation showed PLACO is robust to subtype-specific effects, and can achieve massive power gains over existing approaches for identifying genetic overlap between disease subtypes. In summary, we found suggestive evidence for new genetic regions and confirmed some recognized OFC genes either exerting shared risk or with opposite effects on risk to OFC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DR); (THB)
| | - Sowmya Venkataraghavan
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline B. Hetmanski
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Seth M. Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey C. Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terri H. Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DR); (THB)
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Silva CM, Pereira MCDM, Queiroz TBD, Neves LTD. Family history in non-syndromic orofacial clefts: Is there a pattern? Oral Dis 2021; 28:2194-2203. [PMID: 34146367 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To survey the frequency and pattern of family history for non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC). Initial hypothesis: more complex forms have a higher frequency of positive family history. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was carried with 2,668 subjects with three different types of clefts (CL Group (cleft lip), CLP Group (cleft lip and palate), and CP group (cleft palate)); family history information was collected. The Chi-square (X2 ) and Z-test were used. RESULTS A positive family history was found in 31% of the sample. The CLP Group had highest percentage and highest proportion of affected relatives, being these factors statistically significant when compared to the CP Group. Comparisons between the CLP Male and CL Male with CP Male were statistically significant. First-degree kinship was the most frequently found. CONCLUSIONS The initial hypothesis was confirmed, subjects with CLP had the highest percentage of positive family history, the highest proportion of affected relatives and had more affected relatives in comparison with CP. It is more common to find affected relatives in the CLP Male and CL Male groups when compared with CP Male. CLP and CP groups present a pattern of occurrence of the type of cleft in the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Maia Silva
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences-HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina de Moraes Pereira
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences-HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Thaís Bernardes de Queiroz
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences-HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Teixeira das Neves
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences-HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil.,Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, (Department of Biological Science - FOB/USP), Bauru, Brazil
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Curtis SW, Chang D, Sun MR, Epstein MP, Murray JC, Feingold E, Beaty TH, Weinberg SM, Marazita ML, Lipinski RJ, Carlson JC, Leslie EJ. FAT4 identified as a potential modifier of orofacial cleft laterality. Genet Epidemiol 2021; 45:721-735. [PMID: 34130359 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common (1 in 700 births) congenital malformations that include a cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP). These OFC subtypes are also heterogeneous themselves, with the CL occurring on the left, right, or both sides of the upper lip. Unilateral CL and CLP have a 2:1 bias towards left-sided clefts, suggesting a nonrandom process. Here, we performed a study of left- and right-sided clefts within the CL and CLP subtypes to better understand the genetic factors controlling cleft laterality. We conducted genome-wide modifier analyses by comparing cases that had right unilateral CL (RCL; N = 130), left unilateral CL (LCL; N = 216), right unilateral CLP (RCLP; N = 416), or left unilateral CLP (LCLP; N = 638), and identified a candidate region on 4q28, 400 kb downstream from FAT4, that approached genome-wide significance for LCL versus RCL (p = 8.4 × 10-8 ). Consistent with its potential involvement as a genetic modifier of CL, we found that Fat4 exhibits a specific domain of expression in the mesenchyme of the medial nasal processes that form the median upper lip. Overall, these results suggest that the epidemiological similarities in left- to right-sided clefts in CL and CLP are not reflected in the genetic association results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W Curtis
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel Chang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Miranda R Sun
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert J Lipinski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jenna C Carlson
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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47
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Denault WRP, Romanowska J, Haaland ØA, Lyle R, Taylor J, Xu Z, Lie RT, Gjessing HK, Jugessur A. Wavelet Screening identifies regions highly enriched for differentially methylated loci for orofacial clefts. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab035. [PMID: 33987535 PMCID: PMC8092375 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most widely studied epigenetic mark in humans and plays an essential role in normal biological processes as well as in disease development. More focus has recently been placed on understanding functional aspects of methylation, prompting the development of methods to investigate the relationship between heterogeneity in methylation patterns and disease risk. However, most of these methods are limited in that they use simplified models that may rely on arbitrarily chosen parameters, they can only detect differentially methylated regions (DMRs) one at a time, or they are computationally intensive. To address these shortcomings, we present a wavelet-based method called 'Wavelet Screening' (WS) that can perform an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of thousands of individuals on a single CPU in only a matter of hours. By detecting multiple DMRs located near each other, WS identifies more complex patterns that can differentiate between different methylation profiles. We performed an extensive set of simulations to demonstrate the robustness and high power of WS, before applying it to a previously published EWAS dataset of orofacial clefts (OFCs). WS identified 82 associated regions containing several known genes and loci for OFCs, while other findings are novel and warrant replication in other OFCs cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R P Denault
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julia Romanowska
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein A Haaland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Lyle
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch and Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS), 27709, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS), 27709, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rolv T Lie
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håkon K Gjessing
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astanand Jugessur
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5006, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473, Oslo, Norway
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48
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Téllez-Conti C, Mora-Diaz II, Díaz-Báez D, Ocampo-Arias IJ, Jiménez-Luna NE, Niño-Paz JC, González-Carrera MC. Craniofacial Growth Analysis of Individuals With and Without Cleft Lip and Palate in Colombia. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:577-588. [PMID: 34000838 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211013690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Craniofacial growth is a dynamic and unpredictable process influenced by genetic and environmental factors, presenting phenotypic and gender differences. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the differences in craniofacial growth and development in a group of Colombian individuals with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) and without CLP, classified by gender and age. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Five hundred forty-one profile radiographs of 126 patients with unilateral CLP, 126 with bilateral CLP, and 289 without CLP. All patients of affected groups had a history of CLP correction surgery without nasoalveolar molding with orthopedic and orthodontic treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed comparing 8 cephalometric measurements on radiographs, 5 linear/3 angular. Analysis was performed by median and interquartile range for all cephalometric measurements. Comparison between the groups was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U, with a 95% confidence. RESULTS Significant differences between the groups of patients with and without CLP, between types of clefts and genders. The skeletal structures of patients with CLP were smaller than those of control but improved with growth. Patients with unilateral CLP presented flat profiles and predominant class III malocclusions, while patients with bilateral CLP, at early ages, were class II and in the prepubertal stage, the values were progressively negative until the end of the growth period, suggesting class III. Patients with CLP presented posteroinferior rotation of the mandible, vertical measurements increased, and deflection of the cranial base. CONCLUSION Given their growth alterations, patients with CLP benefit from orthopedic and orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Téllez-Conti
- Integral Management Unit of Craniofacial Abnormalities-UMIMC, School of Dentistry, 28009Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - David Díaz-Báez
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, 28009Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - María Clara González-Carrera
- Integral Management Unit of Craniofacial Abnormalities-UMIMC, School of Dentistry, 28009Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
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49
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Francisco I, Caramelo F, Fernandes MH, Vale F. Parental Risk Factors and Child Birth Data in a Matched Year and Sex Group Cleft Population: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094615. [PMID: 33925325 PMCID: PMC8123601 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The etiology of orofacial cleft (OC) is not completely known but several genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified. Moreover, a knowledge gap still persists regarding neonatal characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of parental age and mothers’ body mass index on the risk of having an OC child, in a matched year and sex group (cleft/healthy control). Additionally, birth data were analyzed between groups. (2) Methods: 266 individuals born between 1995 to 2015 were evaluated: 133 OC individuals (85 males/48 females) and 133 control (85 males/48 females). A logistic model was used for the independent variables. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparison between the OC phenotypes. (3) Results: Regarding statistically significant parental related factors, the probability of having a cleft child decreases for each maternal year increase (odds ratio = 0.903) and increases for each body mass index unit (kg/m2) increase (odds ratio = 1.14). On the child data birth, for each mass unit (kg) increase, the probability of having a cleft child decrease (odds ratio = 0.435). (4) Conclusions: In this study, only maternal body mass index and maternal age found statistical differences in the risk of having a cleft child. In the children’s initial data, the cleft group found a higher risk of having a lower birth weight but no relation was found regarding length and head circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Francisco
- Institute of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (F.V.)
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research of Coimbra (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal;
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4160-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vale
- Institute of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (F.V.)
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50
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Ghassibe-Sabbagh M, El Hajj J, Al Saneh M, El Baba N, Abou Issa J, Al Haddad M, El Atat O, Sabbagh J, Abou Chebel N, El-Sibai M. Altered regulation of cell migration in IRF6-mutated orofacial cleft patients-derived primary cells reveals a novel role of Rho GTPases in cleft/lip palate development. Cells Dev 2021; 166:203674. [PMID: 33994351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital craniofacial birth defects. They occur from a failure in cell proliferation and fusion of neural crest cells of the lip buds and/or palatal shelves. In this study, we investigate the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms in primary cells derived from a cleft and lip palate patient presenting van der Woude syndrome (VWS). Since mutations in the integrin genes are widely correlated with VWS, Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) screening was conducted in a cohort of 200 participants presenting with orofacial anomalies. Primary fibroblastic cells derived from the upper right gingiva and palatal regions were isolated and two cellular populations from two participants were obtained: a control with no cleft phenotype and a patient with a cleft phenotype typical of van der Woude syndrome (VWS). IRF6 targeted sequencing revealed mutations in two distinct families. Our results showed no alteration in the viability of the CLP/VWS patient cells, suggesting the phenotype associate with the disease is not secondary to a defect in cell proliferation. We did however detect a significant decrease in the migratory ability of the CLP with Van der Woude syndrome (CLP/VWS) patient cells, which could account for the phenotype. When compared to normal cells, patient cells showed a lack of polarization, which would account for their lack of mobility. Patient cells showed protrusions all around the cells and a lack of defined leading edge. This was reflected with actin staining, WAVE2 and Arp2 around the cell, and correlated with an increase in Rac1 activation. Consistently with the increase in Rac1 activation, patient cells showed a loss in the maturation of focal adhesions needed for contractility, which also accounts for the lack in cell migration. Our findings give increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms of VWS and expands the knowledge of van der Woude syndrome (VWS) occurrence by providing a strong molecular evidence that CLP with Van der Woude syndrome (CLP/VWS) phenotype is caused by a defect in normal physiological processes of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michella Ghassibe-Sabbagh
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Joelle El Hajj
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mounir Al Saneh
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Nada El Baba
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jamil Abou Issa
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maria Al Haddad
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Oula El Atat
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Joseph Sabbagh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Naji Abou Chebel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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