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Song Z, Yao W, Wang X, Mo Y, Liu Z, Li Q, Jiang L, Wang H, He H, Li N, Zhang Z, Lv P, Zhang Y, Yang L, Wang Y. The novel potential therapeutic target PSMP/MSMP promotes acute kidney injury via CCR2. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2248-2263. [PMID: 38796708 PMCID: PMC11286806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major worldwide health concern that currently lacks effective medical treatments. PSMP is a damage-induced chemotactic cytokine that acts as a ligand of CCR2 and has an unknown role in AKI. We have observed a significant increase in PSMP levels in the renal tissue, urine, and plasma of patients with AKI. PSMP deficiency improved kidney function and decreased tubular damage and inflammation in AKI mouse models induced by kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury, glycerol, and cisplatin. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Ly6Chi or F4/80lo infiltrated macrophages (IMs) were a major group of proinflammatory macrophages with strong CCR2 expression in AKI. We observed that PSMP deficiency decreased CCR2+Ly6Chi or F4/80lo IMs and inhibited M1 polarization in the AKI mouse model. Moreover, overexpressed human PSMP in the mouse kidney could reverse the attenuation of kidney injury in a CCR2-dependent manner, and this effect could be achieved without CCL2 involvement. Extracellular PSMP played a crucial role, and treatment with a PSMP-neutralizing antibody significantly reduced kidney injury in vivo. Therefore, PSMP might be a therapeutic target for AKI, and its antibody is a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanming Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Yao
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease-Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University)-Ministry of Education of China, Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney, Diseases-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqian Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtian Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease-Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University)-Ministry of Education of China, Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney, Diseases-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy Pathological Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying He
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohuai Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease-Ministry of Health of China, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University)-Ministry of Education of China, Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney, Diseases-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China; Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Fan Q, Li R, Wei H, Xue W, Li X, Xia Z, Zhao L, Qiu Y, Cui D. Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7130. [PMID: 39000237 PMCID: PMC11241146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis, known as one typical mode of programmed cell death, is generally characterized by the cleaved gasdermin family (GSDMs) forming pores in the cell membrane and inducing cell rupture, and the activation of aspartate-specific proteases (caspases) has also been found during this process. Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is caused by the complication of diabetes in the kidney, and the most important kidney's function, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), happens to drop to less than 90% of its usual and even lead to kidney failure in severe cases. The persistent inflammatory state induced by high blood glucose implies the key pathology of DKD, and growing evidence shows that pyroptosis serves as a significant contributor to this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder. Currently, the expanded discovery of GSDMs, pyroptosis, and its association with innate immunity has been more attractive, and overwhelming research is needed to sort out the implication of pyroptosis in DKD pathology. In this review, we comb both classical studies and newly founds on pyroptosis, prick off the novel awakening of pyroptosis in DKD, and center on the significance of pyroptosis in DKD treatment, aiming to provide new research targets and treatment strategies on DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Rongxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Weiyue Xue
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ziyao Xia
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China
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Kadar DD, Warli SM, Ritarwan K, Ichwan M, Ismi J, Fikri E, Harahap J, Alferraly I. Efficacy of metamizole to prevent kidney injury after renal-ischaemic reperfusion injury in Wistar rats. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1408-1415. [PMID: 38463114 PMCID: PMC10923394 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is a common kidney procedure complication due to temporary blood flow interruption, leading to kidney injuries. This study aimed to analyze the effect of metamizole on the levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18), neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and histopathological changes in rats with RIRI. Materials and methods Animal pre-clinical design study was used. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into four groups: negative control, positive control, M100, and M200. Blood samples were collected by intracardiac puncture, followed by bilateral nephrectomy and analyzed histopathologically. Results Significant difference in IL-18 levels between positive control vs negative control (114.1 + 12.07 vs. 94.0 + 11.4; P = 0.019) and positive control vs M100 (114.1 + 12.07 vs. 86.9 + 8.34; P = 0.007). There was no difference in NGAL. M100 group had the lowest serum MPO levels (14.78+2.01), there was a significant difference in MPO levels in all pairwise analyses. There was a difference in cumulative EGTI scores among the study groups [positive 10.5 (8-11) vs. negative 9 (7-10) vs. M100 9 (7-10) vs. M200 9 (7-11); P = 0.021]. Conclusion Metamizole 100 mg/kgBW can reduce IL-18 and MPO levels in RIRI, giving more optimal results without affecting NGAL levels. Metamizole administration can reduce cumulative EGTI scores in RIRI, both at doses of 100 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW. This study shows that Metamizole can be used to prevent kidney injury caused by RIRI. IL-18 and MPO can be biomarkers in predicting kidney injury in RIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syah Mirsya Warli
- Division of Urology
- Department of Urology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara
| | - Kiking Ritarwan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara—Haji Adam Malik General Hospital
| | | | - Jufriady Ismi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala—Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Erjan Fikri
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery
| | | | - Ibnu Alferraly
- Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang J. Hyaluronidase inhibitor sHA2.75 alleviates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Cell Cycle 2024; 23:248-261. [PMID: 38526145 PMCID: PMC11057651 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2309019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronidases (HAases) are enzymes that degrade hyaluronic acid (HA) in the animal kingdom. The HAases-HA system is crucial for HA homeostasis and plays a significant role in biological processes and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related pathophysiological conditions. This study aims to explore the role of inhibiting the HAases-HA system in acute kidney injury (AKI). We selected the potent inhibitor "sHA2.75" to inhibit HAase activity through mixed inhibitory mechanisms. The ischemia-reperfusion mouse model was established using male BALB/c mice (7-9 weeks old), and animals were subjected to subcapsular injection with 50 mg/kg sHA2.75 twice a week to evaluate the effects of sHA2.75 on AKI on day 1, 5 and 14 after ischemia-reperfusion or sham procedure. Blood and tissue samples were collected for immunohistochemistry, biochemical, and quantitative analyses. sHA2.75 significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels in AKI mouse models. Expression of kidney injury-related genes such as Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), type I collagen (Col1), type III collagen (Col3), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) showed significant downregulation in mouse kidney tissues after sHA2.75 treatment. Moreover, sHA2.75 treatment led to decreased plasma levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins and reduced mRNA levels in renal tissues of AKI mice. Inhibitor sHA2.75 administration in the AKI mouse model downregulated kidney injury-related biomarkers and immune-specific genes, thereby alleviating AKI in vivo. These findings suggest the potential use of HAase inhibitors for treating ischemic reperfusion-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huajiang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Saad KM, Salles ÉL, Naeini SE, Baban B, Abdelmageed ME, Abdelaziz RR, Suddek GM, Elmarakby AA. Reno-protective effect of protocatechuic acid is independent of sex-related differences in murine model of UUO-induced kidney injury. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:98-111. [PMID: 38214881 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive nephropathy is a condition often caused by urinary tract obstruction either anatomical (e.g., tumors), mechanical (e.g., urolithiasis), or compression (e.g., pregnancy) and can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies have shown sexual dimorphism in CKD, where males were found to have a more rapid decline in kidney function following kidney injury compared to age-matched females. Protocatechuic acid (PCA), an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenolic compound, has demonstrated promising effects in mitigating drug-induced kidney injuries. The current study aims to explore sexual dimorphism in kidney injury after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and assess whether PCA treatment can mitigate kidney injury in both sexes. METHODS UUO was induced in 10-12 weeks old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Mice were categorized into four groups (n = 6-8/group); Sham, Sham plus PCA (100 mg/kg, I.P daily), UUO, and UUO plus PCA. RESULTS After 2 weeks of induction of UUO, markers of kidney oxidative stress (TBARs), inflammation (IL-1α and IL-6), tubular injury (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL and urinary kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), fibrosis (Masson's trichrome staining, collagen IV expression, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and apoptosis (TUNEL+ cells, active caspase-1 and caspase-3) were significantly elevated in both males and females relative to their sham counterparts. Males exhibited significantly greater kidney oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis after induction of UUO when compared to females. PCA treatment significantly attenuated UUO-induced kidney injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in both sexes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a differential gender response to UUO-induced kidney injury with males being more sensitive to UUO-induced kidney inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis than age-matched females. Importantly, PCA treatment reduced UUO-induced kidney injury in a sex-independent manner which might be attributed to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Saad
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Évila Lopes Salles
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sahar Emami Naeini
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Marwa E Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elmarakby
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Kiernan EA, Hu D, Philbrook HT, Ix JH, Bonventre JV, Coca SG, Moledina DG, Fried LF, Shlipak MG, Parikh CR. Urinary Biomarkers and Kidney Injury in VA NEPHRON-D: Phenotyping Acute Kidney Injury in Clinical Trials. Am J Kidney Dis 2024; 83:151-161. [PMID: 37726051 PMCID: PMC10841767 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Urinary biomarkers of injury, inflammation, and repair may help phenotype acute kidney injury (AKI) observed in clinical trials. We evaluated the differences in biomarkers between participants randomized to monotherapy or to combination renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade in VA NEPHRON-D, where an increased proportion of observed AKI was acknowledged in the combination arm. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal analysis. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS A substudy of the VA NEPHRON-D trial. PREDICTOR Primary exposure was the treatment arm (combination [RAAS inhibitor] vs monotherapy). AKI is used as a stratifying variable. OUTCOME Urinary biomarkers, including albumin, EGF (epidermal growth factor), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), YKL-40 (chitinase 3-like protein 1), and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1). ANALYTICAL APPROACH Biomarkers measured at baseline and at 12 months in trial participants were compared between treatment groups and by AKI. AKI events occurring during hospitalization were predefined safety end points in the original trial. The results were included in a meta-analysis with other large chronic kidney disease trials to assess global trends in biomarker changes. RESULTS In 707 participants followed for a median of 2.2 years, AKI incidence was higher in the combination (20.7%) versus the monotherapy group (12.7%; relative risk [RR], 1.64 [95% CI, 1.16-2.30]). Compared with the monotherapy arm, in the combination arm the urine biomarkers at 12 months were either unchanged (MCP-1: RR, -3% [95% CI, -13% to 9%], Padj=0.8; KIM-1: RR, -10% [95% CI, -20% to 1%], Padj=0.2; EGF, RR-7% [95% CI, -12% to-1%], Padj=0.08) or lower (albuminuria: RR, -24% [95% CI, -37% to-8%], Padj=0.02; YKL: RR, -40% to-44% [95% CI, -58% to-25%], Padj<0.001). Pooled meta-analysis demonstrated reduced albuminuria in the intervention arm across 3 trials and similar trajectories in other biomarkers. LIMITATIONS Biomarker measurement was limited to 2 time points independent of AKI events. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increased risk of serum creatinine-defined AKI, combination RAAS inhibitor therapy was associated with unchanged or decreased urinary biomarkers at 12 months. This suggests a possible role for kidney biomarkers to further characterize kidney injury in clinical trials. PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY The VA NEPHRON-D trial investigated inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hormonal axis on kidney outcomes in a large population of diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. The trial was stopped early due to increased events of serum creatinine-defined acute kidney injury in the combination therapy arm. Urine biomarkers can serve as an adjunct to serum creatinine in identifying kidney injury. We found that urinary biomarkers in the combination therapy group were not associated with a pattern of harm and damage to the kidney, despite the increased number of kidney injury events in that group. This suggests that serum creatinine alone may be insufficient for defining kidney injury and supports further exploration of how other biomarkers might improve identification of kidney injury in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kiernan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Heather Thiessen Philbrook
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Steven G Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dennis G Moledina
- Section of Nephrology and Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Linda F Fried
- Renal Section, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Han S, Choi H, Park H, Kim JJ, Lee EJ, Ham YR, Na KR, Lee KW, Chang YK, Choi DE. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Attenuate Renal Fibrosis via AMPK-Mediated Autophagy Flux Activation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2553. [PMID: 37760994 PMCID: PMC10525956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury model is well-known to mimic human chronic kidney disease, promoting the rapid onset and development of kidney injury. ω3-poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been observed to protect against tissue injury in many disease models. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of ω3-PUFAs in attenuating UUO injury and investigated their mechanism of action. The immortalized human proximal tubular cells human kidney-2 (HK2) were incubated for 72 h with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in various concentrations, in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. DHA/EPA reduced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the TGF-β-treated HK2 cells by enhancing autophagy flux and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and treated as follows: sham (no treatment, n = 5), sham + ω3-PUFAs (n = 5), UUO (n = 10), and UUO + ω3-PUFAs (n = 10). Their kidneys and blood were harvested on the seventh day following UUO injury. The kidneys of the ω3-PUFAs-treated UUO mice showed less oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis compared to those of the untreated UUO mice. Greater autophagic flux, higher amounts of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II, Beclin-1, and Atg7, lower amounts of p62, and higher levels of cathepsin D and ATP6E were observed in the kidneys of the omega-3-treated UUO mice compared to those of the control UUO mice. In conclusion, ω3-PUFAs enhanced autophagic activation, leading to a renoprotective response against chronic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Han
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Hyunsu Choi
- Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon Saint Mary’s Hospital, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyerim Park
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
| | - Eu-Jin Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Young-Rok Ham
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Ki-Rayng Na
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Kang-Wook Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Yoon-Kyung Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Daejeon Saint Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Choi
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
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Córdova-Sánchez BM, Ñamendys-Silva SA, Pacheco-Bravo I, García-Guillén FJ, Mejía-Vilet JM, Cruz C, Barraza-Aguirre G, Ramírez-Talavera WO, López-Zamora AR, Monera-Martínez F, Vidal-Arellano LJ, Morales-Buenrostro LE. Renal arterial resistive index, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, for predicting acute kidney injury in critically ill cancer patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2023:10.1007/s11255-023-03504-5. [PMID: 36753015 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the renal arterial resistive index (RRI), urine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (uMCP-1), and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) to predict acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill cancer patients. METHODS In this prospective study, we included patients without AKI. We compared the area under the curve (AUC) of RRI, uMCP-1, and uNGAL to predict any stage of AKI and stage-3 AKI with the DeLong method, and we established cutoff points with the Youden index. RESULTS We included 64 patients, and 43 (67.2%) developed AKI. The AUC to predict AKI were: 0.714 (95% CI 0.587-0.820) for the RRI, 0.656 (95% CI 0.526-0.770) for uMCP-1, and 0.677 (95% CI 0.549-0.789) for uNGAL. The AUC to predict stage-3 AKI were: 0.740 (95% CI 0.615-0.842) for the RRI, 0.757 (95% CI 0.633-0.855) for uMCP-1, and 0.817 (95% CI 0.701-0.903) for uNGAL, without statistical differences among them. For stage 3 AKI prediction, the sensitivity and specificity were: 56.3% and 87.5% for a RRI > 0.705; 70% and 79.2% for an uMCP-1 > 2169 ng/mL; and 87.5% and 70.8% for a uNGAL > 200 ng/mL. The RRI was significantly correlated to age (r = 0.280), estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = - 0.259), mean arterial pressure (r = - 0.357), and serum lactate (r = 0.276). CONCLUSION The RRI, uMCP-1, and uNGAL have a similar ability to predict AKI. The RRI is more specific, while urine biomarkers are more sensitive to predict stage 3 AKI. The RRI correlates with hemodynamic variables. The novel uMCP-1 could be a useful biomarker that needs to be extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvio A Ñamendys-Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
- Nephrology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital Medica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Vilet
- Nephrology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristino Cruz
- Nephrology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luis Eduardo Morales-Buenrostro
- Nephrology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, C. P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Hospital Medica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
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9
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Liu J, Li Z, Lao Y, Jin X, Wang Y, Jiang B, He R, Yang S. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification reveal the mechanism of San-Huang decoction in treating acute kidney injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1060464. [PMID: 36814499 PMCID: PMC9939458 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1060464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cisplatin is an effective anti-tumor drug. However, its usage is constrained by side effects such as nephron toxicity. Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) appears in approximately 20%-30% of cases. Hence, finding an effective protective strategy is necessary. San-Huang decoction (SHD) is a Chinese herbal decoction with good efficacy in treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, the mechanism of SHD on AKI remains unclear. Consequently, we proposed to explore the potential mechanism of SHD against cisplatin-induced AKI. Methods: Active compounds, core target proteins, and associated signaling pathways of SHD were predicted through network pharmacology. Then confirmed by molecular docking. In vivo experiment, Cisplatin + SHD group was treated with SHD (6.5 g/kg/day) for 6 days before building the model. An AKI model was established with a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin at 20 mg/kg. After 72 h of cisplatin injection, all mice were sacrificed to collect blood and kidney tissues for verification of network pharmacology analysis. Results: We found that calycosin, rhein, and ginsenoside Rh2 may be SHD's primary active compounds in treating cisplatin-induced AKI, and AKT, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, caspase-3, and MMP9 are the core target proteins. The relationship between the compound and target protein was further confirmed by molecular docking. The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses predicted that SHD has an anti-inflammatory role through the TNF and IL-17 signaling pathway. Moreover, Western blot and immunohistochemistry validated the potential molecular mechanisms of SHD, predicted from network pharmacology analysis. The mechanism of cisplatin-induced AKI involves apoptosis and inflammation. In apoptosis, Caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Bax proteins were down-regulated, while Bcl-2 was up-regulated by SHD. The differential expression of MMP protein is involved in the pathological process of AKI. MMP9 protects from glomerular tubule damage. MMP9 and PI3K/AKT anti-apoptosis pathway were up-regulated by SHD. In addition, we discovered that SHD alleviated AKI by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion: SHD plays a critical role in anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and activating PI3K/AKT anti-apoptosis pathway, indicating that SHD is a candidate herbal drug for further investigation in treating cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongtang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunlan Lao
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Beibei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Riming He
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Riming He, ; Shudong Yang,
| | - Shudong Yang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China,Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Riming He, ; Shudong Yang,
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10
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Uribe-Restrepo P, Munoz-Zanzi C, Agudelo-Flórez P. Kidney Injury Biomarkers in Leptospirosis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023; 56:S0037-86822023000100200. [PMID: 36700601 PMCID: PMC9870286 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0260-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection with a global distribution, though it has a greater impact on marginalized rural agricultural and urban communities in developing countries. Kidney injury, which can lead to severe and lethal infections, is the most frequent complication associated with leptospirosis. Novel biomarkers are being studied as tools for assessing kidney injury in different pathological processes to improve early detection. This review aimed to gather information on the use of novel kidney biomarkers for human leptospirosis. A search of the literature was carried out in September 2021 using the parameters "((kidney) OR (renal) OR (chronic kidney disease) OR (acute kidney injury)) AND ((biomarker) OR (marker)) AND ((Leptospira) OR (leptospirosis))". The review identified 11 original studies that evaluated the performance of 15 kidney biomarkers related to leptospirosis. Assessment of the evidence for biomarker utility was limited because of the small number of studies and sample sizes. Although some biomarkers were associated with kidney disease, no specific biomarker appeared to be ready for clinical practice, and more research in this field is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Munoz-Zanzi
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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11
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CCL-2 and CXCL-8: Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury after a Bothrops atrox Snakebite. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:8285084. [PMID: 36117588 PMCID: PMC9473908 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8285084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Brazilian Amazon, the snake Bothrops atrox is the primary cause of snakebites. B. atrox (BaV) venom can cause systemic pathophysiological changes such as acute kidney injury (AKI), which leads to the production of chemokines and cytokines in response to the envenomation. These soluble immunological molecules act by modulating the inflammatory response; however, the mechanisms associated with the development of AKI are still poorly understood. Here, we characterize the profile of these soluble immunological molecules as possible predictive biomarkers of the development of AKI. The study involved 34 patients who had been victims of snakebites by Bothrops sp. These were categorized into two groups according to the development of AKI (AKI(-)/AKI(+)), using healthy donors as the control (HD). Peripheral blood samples were collected at three-time points: before antivenom administration (T0) and at 24 and 48 hours after antivenom (T1 and T2, respectively). The soluble immunological molecules (CXCL-8, CCL-5, CXCL-9, CCL-2, CXCL-10, IL-6, TNF, IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17A) were quantified using cytometric bead array. Our results demonstrated an increase in CXCL-9, CXCL-10, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, and IL-17A molecules in the groups of patients who suffered Bothrops snakebites (AKI(-) and AKI(+)) before antivenom administration, when compared to HD. In the AKI(+) group, levels of CXCL-8 and CCL-2 molecules were elevated on admission and progressively decreased during the clinical evolution of patients after antivenom administration. In addition, in the signature analysis, these were produced exclusively by the group AKI(+) at T0. Thus, these chemokines may be related to the initiation and extension of AKI after envenomation by Bothrops and present themselves as two potential biomarkers of AKI at T0.
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12
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Seyahi NS, Ozcan SG. Application of New Acute Kidney Injury Biomarkers. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney-related biomarkers can provide structural and functional information
about different parts of the nephron. These biomarkers can be used to evaluate
glomerular, tubular, or interstitial injury, inflammation, or repair, and glomerular or
tubular function. Furthermore, biomarkers can improve the acute kidney injury
diagnosis in various clinical conditions, including acute interstitial nephritis, acute
tubular injury, hepatorenal and cardiorenal syndrome, ischemic and nephrotoxic acute
kidney injury, and drug-induced acute kidney injury. Biomarkers might be used as an
additional precision medicine tool in managing patients with acute kidney injury; they
can help with clinical decision-making and impact patient outcomes. In this chapter, we
reviewed the utility of biomarkers used in acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Seyahi Seyahi
- Department of Nephrology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa,
Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyda Gul Ozcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University -
Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Dong LY, Cao TY, Guo YH, Chen R, Zhao YS, Zhao Y, Kong H, Qu HH. Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy: A Novel Suppression Strategy of Carbon Dots Derived from Astragali Radix Carbonisata. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite strict restrictions on the use of aristolochic acids (AAs)-containing merchandise or drugs in many countries, a substantial amounts of occurrences aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) had been accounted worldwide. Clinically, there is no effective incurable therapy regimen to
reverse the progression of AAN. Although carbon dots have shown surprising bioactivity, research on the acute kidney injury caused by AAs is lacking. Here, a novel biomass-carbon dots from Astragali Radix (AR) as precursors was synthesized through one-step pyrolysis treatment. The ARC-carbon
dots (ARC-CDs) was demonstrated in detail for its inhibitory effect on aristolochic acid nephropathy in a mice model. The indexes of inflammatory cytokines as well as oxidative stress were significantly reduced by the ARC-CDs in kidney tissue cells. Additionally, the ARC-CDs administration
resulted in a large decrease in positive apoptotic cells according to TUNEL labeling and western blotting, which may be connected to the ARC-CDs’ modulation of the protein in the Akt/Mdm2/p53 signaling pathway. These findings show that ARC-CDs have remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
and anti-apoptotic capabilities against acute kidney injury spurred by aristolochic acids via the AKT/Mdm2/p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yang Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-You Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hua Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Zhang H, Dong QQ, Shu HP, Tu YC, Liao QQ, Yao LJ. TOPK Activation Exerts Protective Effects on Cisplatin-induced Acute Kidney Injury. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:742-753. [PMID: 35678915 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T-LAK-cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK), a PSD95-Disc large-ZO1 (PDZ) binding kinase (PBK), is a novel member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. Studies have shown that TOPK plays a critical role in the function of tumor cells, including apoptosis and mitosis. However, little is known on the effect of TOPK in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CP-AKI). This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of TOPK in CP-AKI. METHODS Cisplatin was administered to C57BL/6 mice and cultured kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) to establish the CP-AKI murine or cellular models. TECs were then stimulated with the specific inhibitor of TOPK OTS514 or transfected with the recombinant-activated plasmid TOPK-T9E to inhibit or activate TOPK. The TECs were treated with AKT inhibitor VIII following stimulation with OTS514 or cisplatin. Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cell cycle and apoptosis of TECs. RESULTS The analysis revealed that the TOPK activity was significantly suppressed by cisplatin, both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the pharmacological inhibition of TOPK by OTS514, a specific inhibitor of TOPK, exacerbated the cisplatin-induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis of cultured TECs. Moreover, the TOPK activation via the TOPK-T9E plasmid transfection could partially reverse the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis of cisplatin-treated TECs. In addition, AKT/protein kinase B (PKB), as a TOPK target protein, was inhibited by cisplatin in cultured TECs. The pharmaceutical inhibition of AKT further aggravated the apoptosis of TECs induced by cisplatin or TOPK inhibition. TOPK systematically mediated the apoptosis via the AKT pathway in the CP-AKI cell model. CONCLUSION These results indicate that TOPK activation protects against CP-AKI by ameliorating the G2/M cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qing-Qing Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hua-Pan Shu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu-Chi Tu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian-Qian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li-Jun Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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15
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Bezerra GF, Meneses GC, Albuquerque PLMM, Lopes NC, Santos RSS, da Silva JC, Mota SMB, Guimarães RR, Guimarães FR, Guimarães ÁR, Adamian CMC, de Lima PR, Bandeira ICJ, Dantas MMP, Junior GBS, Oriá RB, Daher EF, Martins AMC. Urinary tubular biomarkers as predictors of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Biomark Med 2022; 16:681-692. [PMID: 35531623 PMCID: PMC9083946 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the prediction capacity of urinary biomarkers for death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: This is a prospective study with critically ill patients due to COVID-19 infection. The urinary biomarkers NGAL, KIM-1, MCP-1 and nephrin were quantified on ICU admission. Results: There was 40% of death. Urinary nephrin and MCP-1 had no association with death. Tubular biomarkers (proteinuria, NGAL and KIM-1) were predictors of death and cut-off values of them for death were useful in stratify patients with worse prognosis. In a multivariate cox regression analysis, only NGAL remains associated with a two-mount survival chance. Conclusion: Kidney tubular biomarkers, mostly urinary NGAL, had useful capacity to predict death in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F Bezerra
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Gdayllon C Meneses
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Polianna LMM Albuquerque
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Nicole C Lopes
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Ranieri SS Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Juliana C da Silva
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Sandra MB Mota
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Guimarães
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
| | | | - Álvaro R Guimarães
- School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-372, Brazil
| | - Caio MC Adamian
- School of Medicine, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-372, Brazil
| | - Paula R de Lima
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Izabel CJ Bandeira
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Márcia MP Dantas
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Instituto José Frota (IJF) Hospital, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60025-061, Brazil
| | - Geraldo BS Junior
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Universidade de Fortaleza. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B Oriá
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, & Nutrition, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth F Daher
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Alice MC Martins
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-275, Brazil
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16
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Vourc’h M, Roquilly A, Foucher A, Retiere C, Feuillet F, Devi S, McWilliam HE, Braudeau C, Bourreille G, Hachani A, O’Kane D, Mueller SN, Ischia J, Roussel JC, Rigal JC, Josien R, Rozec B, Villadangos JA, Asehnoune K. Transfusion-Related Renal Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:627-638. [PMID: 35958696 PMCID: PMC9357562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Following cardiac surgery, 20% of patients will present with AKI, which is associated with increased mortality, and transfusion increases the risk of AKI. The main objective was to determine whether the composition of transfusion was associated with AKI. In this study, AKI patients received higher amount of MRP_14 through transfusion vs non-AKI. MRP_14 has been reported to activate and enhance neutrophil transmigration into damaged tissues. In a murine model of ischemia-reperfusion, MRP_14 increased renal damage and enhanced neutrophil influx into the kidney. MRP_14 also increased neutrophilic-trogocytosis toward tubular cells. The sex of the donor and the method of preparation of the blood determined the concentration of MRP_14 in packed red blood cells.
Transfusion is a specific cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. Whether there is an association between the composition of blood products and the onset of AKI is unknown. The present study suggests that the transfusion of packed red blood cells containing a high amount of myeloid-related protein 14 (MRP_14) could increase the incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery. In a mouse model, MRP_14 increased the influx of neutrophils in the kidney after ischemia-reperfusion and their ability to damage tubular cells. Higher concentrations of MRP_14 were found in packed red blood cells from female donors or prepared by whole blood filtration.
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17
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Pontrelli P, Simone S, Rascio F, Pesce F, Conserva F, Infante B, Castellano G, Sallustio F, Fiorentino M, Zaza G, Gallone A, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Stallone G, Gesualdo L, Grandaliano G. Pre-Transplant Expression of CCR-2 in Kidney Transplant Recipients Is Associated With the Development of Delayed Graft Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:804762. [PMID: 35371047 PMCID: PMC8967482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.804762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Delayed graft function (DGF) leads to a reduced graft survival. Donors’ features have been always considered as key pathogenic factors in this setting. The aim of our study was to evaluate the recipients’ characteristics in the development of DGF. Methods We enrolled 932 kidney graft recipients from 466 donors; 226 recipients experienced DGF. In 290 donors, both recipients presented with early graft function (EGF, group A), in 50 both recipients experienced DGF (group B), and in 126 one recipient presented with DGF and the other with EGF (group C). In group C, we selected 7 couples of DGF/EGF recipients and we evaluated the transcriptomic profile by microarray on circulating mononuclear cells harvested before transplantation. Results were validated by qPCR in an independent group of 25 EGF/DGF couples. Findings In the whole study group, DGF was associated with clinical characteristics related to both donors and recipient. In group C, DGF was significantly associated with body mass index, hemodialysis, and number of mismatches. In the same group, we identified 411 genes differently expressed before transplantation between recipients discordant for the transplant outcome. Those genes were involved in immune dysfunction and inflammation. In particular, we observed a significant increase in DGF patients in the expression of C–C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) receptor. CCR-2 upregulation was confirmed in an independent cohort of patients. Conclusions Our results suggest that recipients’ clinical/immunological features, potentially modulated by dialysis, are associated with the development of DGF independently of donors’ features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pontrelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Simone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Rascio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Renal Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pesce
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Conserva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Infante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Renal Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Nephrology Unit, University of Milano and Fondazione Cà Grande Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorentino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Renal Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Renal Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Nephrology and Urology Units, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grandaliano
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Nephrology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
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18
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Sharma I, Liao Y, Zheng X, Kanwar YS. Modulation of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury by myo-inositol oxygenase via the ROS/ALOX-12/12-HETE/GPR31 signaling pathway. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155487. [PMID: 35315361 PMCID: PMC8986073 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, a potentially novel signaling pathway in gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury-worsened by overexpression of proximal tubular enzyme, myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX)-was elucidated. WT, MIOX-transgenic (MIOX-Tg), and MIOX-KO mice were used. Gentamicin was administered to induce tubular injury. MIOX-Tg mice had severe tubular lesions associated with increased serum creatinine and proteinuria. Lesions were relatively mild, with no rise in serum creatinine and no albuminuria in MIOX-KO mice. Transfection of HK-2 cells with MIOX-pcDNA led to increased gentamicin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Marked increase of ROS-mediated lipid hydroperoxidation was noted in MIOX-Tg mice, as assessed by 4-HNE staining. This was associated with increased expression of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX-12) and generation of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). In addition, notable monocyte/macrophage influx, upregulation of NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis was observed in MIOX-Tg mice. Treatment of cells with ALOX-12 siRNA abolished gentamicin-mediated induction of cytokines and 12-HETE generation. HETE-12 treatment promoted this effect, along with upregulation of various signaling kinases and activation of GPCR31. Similarly, treatment of cells or mice with the ALOX-12 inhibitor ML355 attenuated inflammatory response, kinase signaling cascade, and albuminuria. Collectively, these studies highlight a potentially novel mechanism (i.e., the ROS/ALOX-12/12-HETE/GPR31 signaling axis) relevant to gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity modulated by MIOX.
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19
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Zheng X, Deng F, Sharma I, Kanwar YS. Myo-inositol oxygenase overexpression exacerbates cadmium-induced kidney injury via oxidant stress and necroptosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F344-F359. [PMID: 35100813 PMCID: PMC8897016 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00460.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Conceivably, like other forms of acute kidney injury, cadmium-induced renal injury may also be associated with oxidative stress and various forms of cell death, including necroptosis, a form of regulated necrosis-associated cell death. Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), an enzyme localized in renal proximal tubules, regulates oxidative stress and programmed cell death in various forms of renal injuries. Herein, the role and potential mechanism(s) by which MIOX potentiates cadmium-induced renal tubular damage were investigated. Overexpression of MIOX exacerbated cadmium-induced cell death and proximal tubular injury in mice, whereas MIOX gene disruption attenuated cellular damage in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, necroptosis was observed in the renal tubular compartment, and, more importantly, it was corroborated by inhibitor experiments with necrostatin-1 (Nec-1). Coadministration of Nec-1 dampened including receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIP)1/RIP3/mixed-lineage kinase domain-like signaling, which is relevant to the process of necroptosis. Interestingly, the necroptosis induced by cadmium in tubules was modulated by MIOX expression profile. Also, the increased reactive oxygen species generation and NADPH consumption were accelerated by MIOX overexpression, and they were mitigated by Nec-1 administration. These findings suggest that MIOX-potentiated redox injury and necroptosis are intricately involved in the pathogenesis of cadmium-induced nephropathy, and this may yield novel potential therapeutic targets for amelioration of cadmium-induced kidney injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is a seminal article documenting the role of myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), a renal proximal tubule-specific enzyme, in the exacerbation of cadmium-induced acute kidney injury by perturbing redox balance and inducing necroptosis. MIOX gene disruption or administration of necrostatin-1 (a necroptosis inhibitor) diminished cadmium-induced renal damage, in both in vitro and in vivo systems, suggesting a therapeutic potential of MIOX to attenuate necroptosis and relevant signaling pathways in cadmium-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zheng
- 1Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China,2Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fei Deng
- 2Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isha Sharma
- 2Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yashpal S. Kanwar
- 2Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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20
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Menez S, Moledina DG, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Wilson FP, Obeid W, Simonov M, Yamamoto Y, Corona-Villalobos CP, Chang C, Garibaldi BT, Clarke W, Farhadian S, Dela Cruz C, Coca SG, Parikh CR. Prognostic Significance of Urinary Biomarkers in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19. Am J Kidney Dis 2022; 79:257-267.e1. [PMID: 34710516 PMCID: PMC8542781 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associated with poor outcomes. Urinary biomarkers have been associated with adverse kidney outcomes in other settings and may provide additional prognostic information in patients with COVID-19. We investigated the association between urinary biomarkers and adverse kidney outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (n=153) at 2 academic medical centers between April and June 2020. EXPOSURE 19 urinary biomarkers of injury, inflammation, and repair. OUTCOME Composite of KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) stage 3 AKI, requirement for dialysis, or death within 60 days of hospital admission. We also compared various kidney biomarker levels in the setting of COVID-19 versus other common AKI settings. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Time-varying Cox proportional hazards regression to associate biomarker level with composite outcome. RESULTS Out of 153 patients, 24 (15.7%) experienced the primary outcome. Twofold higher levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) (HR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.14-1.57]), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) (HR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.09-1.84]), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) (HR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.38-2.99]) were associated with highest risk of sustaining primary composite outcome. Higher epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels were associated with a lower risk of the primary outcome (HR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.47-0.79]). Individual biomarkers provided moderate discrimination and biomarker combinations improved discrimination for the primary outcome. The degree of kidney injury by biomarker level in COVID-19 was comparable to other settings of clinical AKI. There was evidence of subclinical AKI in COVID-19 patients based on elevated injury biomarker level in patients without clinical AKI defined by serum creatinine. LIMITATIONS Small sample size with low number of composite outcome events. CONCLUSIONS Urinary biomarkers are associated with adverse kidney outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and may provide valuable information to monitor kidney disease progression and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Menez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dennis G Moledina
- Section of Nephrology and Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Heather Thiessen-Philbrook
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - F Perry Wilson
- Section of Nephrology and Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Wassim Obeid
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Simonov
- Section of Nephrology and Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yu Yamamoto
- Section of Nephrology and Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Celia P Corona-Villalobos
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Crystal Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian T Garibaldi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 3Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William Clarke
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shelli Farhadian
- Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Steven G Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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21
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Sánchez OF, Lin LF, Xie J, Freeman JL, Yuan C. Lead exposure induces dysregulation of constitutive heterochromatin hallmarks in live cells. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 3:100061. [PMID: 35005634 PMCID: PMC8717252 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal contaminant commonly found in air, soil, and drinking water due to legacy uses. Excretion of ingested Pb can result in extensive kidney damages due to elevated oxidative stress. Epigenetic alterations induced by exposure to Pb have also been implied but remain poorly understood. In this work, we assessed changes in repressive epigenetic marks, namely DNA methylation (meCpG) and histone 3 lysine 9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) after exposure to Pb. Live cell epigenetic probes coupled to bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) were used to monitor changes in the selected epigenetic marks. Exposure to Pb significantly lowered meCpG and H3K9me3 levels in HEK293T cells suggesting global changes in constitutive heterochromatin. A heterodimeric pair of probes that tags chromatin regions enriched in both meCpG and H3K9me3 further confirmed our findings. The observed epigenetic changes can be partially attributed to aberrant transcriptional changes induced by Pb, such as overexpression of TET1 after Pb exposure. Lastly, we monitored changes in selected heterochromatin marks after removal of Pb and found that changes in these markers do not immediately recover to their original level suggesting potential long-term damages to chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar F. Sánchez
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Li F. Lin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Junkai Xie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center of Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chongli Yuan
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue Center of Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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22
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Hosohata K. Biomarkers of high salt intake. Adv Clin Chem 2021; 104:71-106. [PMID: 34462058 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
High salt intake is associated with hypertension, which is a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). International Guidelines recommend a large reduction in the consumption of sodium to reduce blood pressure, organ damage, and mortality. In its early stages, the symptoms of CKD are generally not apparent. CKD proceeds in a "silent" manner, necessitating the need for urinary biomarkers to detect kidney damage at an early stage. Since traditional renal biomarkers, such as serum creatinine, are not sufficiently sensitive, difficulties are associated with detecting kidney damage induced by a high salt intake, particularly in normotensive individuals. Several new biomarkers for renal tubular damage, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), vanin-1, liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), have recently been identified. However, few studies have investigated early biomarkers for CKD progression associated with a high salt diet. This chapter provides insights into novel biomarkers for CKD in normo- and hypertensive individuals with a high salt intake. Recent studies using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) fed a high salt diet identified urinary vanin-1 and NGAL as early biomarkers for renal tubular damage in SHR and WKY, whereas urinary KIM-1 was a useful biomarker for salt-induced renal injury in SHR only. Clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Hosohata
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
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23
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Neyra JA. A team-based approach for testing biomarkers of kidney disease progression. Kidney Int 2021; 100:972-975. [PMID: 34280456 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Neyra
- Division of Nephrology, Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
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24
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function, is a growing worldwide problem due to CKD-related morbidity and mortality. There are no reliable and early biomarkers enabling the monitoring, the stratification of CKD progression and the estimation of the risk of CKD-related complications, and therefore, the search for such molecules is still going on. Numerous studies have provided evidence that miRNAs are potentially important particles in the CKD field. Studies indicate that some miRNA levels can be increased in patients with CKD stages III–V and hemodialysis and decreased in renal transplant recipients (miR-143, miR-145 and miR-223) as well as elevated in patients with CKD stages III–V, decreased in hemodialysis patients and even more markedly decreased in renal transplant recipients (miR-126 and miR-155). miRNA have great potential of being sensitive and specific biomarkers in kidney diseases as they are tissue specific and stable in various biological materials. Some promising non-invasive miRNA biomarkers have already been recognized in renal disease with the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, predict prognosis and monitor the course of disease. However, large-scale clinical trials enrolling heterogeneous patients are required to evaluate the clinical value of miRNAs.
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25
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Menez S, Ju W, Menon R, Moledina DG, Thiessen Philbrook H, McArthur E, Jia Y, Obeid W, Mansour SG, Koyner JL, Shlipak MG, Coca SG, Garg AX, Bomback AS, Kellum JA, Kretzler M, Parikh CR. Urinary EGF and MCP-1 and risk of CKD after cardiac surgery. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147464. [PMID: 33974569 PMCID: PMC8262289 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk after acute kidney injury (AKI) is based on limited markers primarily reflecting glomerular function. We evaluated markers of cell integrity (EGF) and inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) for predicting long-term kidney outcomes after cardiac surgery. METHODS We measured EGF and MCP-1 in postoperative urine samples from 865 adults who underwent cardiac surgery at 2 sites in Canada and the United States and assessed EGF and MCP-1’s associations with the composite outcome of CKD incidence or progression. We used single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) of AKI patient biopsies to perform transcriptomic analysis of programs corregulated with the associated genes. RESULTS Over a median (IQR) follow-up of 5.8 (4.2–7.1) years, 266 (30.8%) patients developed the composite CKD outcome. Postoperatively, higher levels of urinary EGF were protective and higher levels of MCP-1 were associated with the composite CKD outcome (adjusted HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.95 and 1.10, 95% CI 1.00–1.21, respectively). Intrarenal scRNA-Seq transcriptomes in patients with AKI-defined cell populations revealed concordant changes in EGF and MCP-1 levels and underlying molecular processes associated with loss of EGF expression and gain of CCL2 (encoding MCP-1) expression. CONCLUSION Urinary EGF and MCP-1 were each independently associated with CKD after cardiac surgery. These markers may serve as noninvasive indicators of tubular damage, supported by tissue transcriptomes, and provide an opportunity for novel interventions in cardiac surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00774137. FUNDING The NIH funded the TRIBE-AKI Consortium and Kidney Precision Medicine Project. Yale O’Brien Kidney Center, American Heart Association, Patterson Trust Fund, Dr. Adam Linton Chair in Kidney Health Analytics, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, ICES, Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, Academic Medical Organization of Southwestern Ontario, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Lawson Health Research Institute, Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Human Cell Atlas Kidney Seed Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Menez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wenjun Ju
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dennis G Moledina
- Section of Nephrology and.,Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Heather Thiessen Philbrook
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yaqi Jia
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wassim Obeid
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sherry G Mansour
- Section of Nephrology and.,Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jay L Koyner
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative and Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven G Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amit X Garg
- ICES, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew S Bomback
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - John A Kellum
- The Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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26
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Nisansala T, Weerasekera M, Ranasinghe N, Marasinghe C, Gamage C, Fernando N, Gunasekara C. Importance of KIM-1 and MCP-1 in Determining the Leptospirosis-Associated AKI: A Sri Lankan Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1752904. [PMID: 34124239 PMCID: PMC8192184 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1752904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of most prevalent and serious complications of leptospirosis, a prevalent zoonotic disease in tropical countries. Prompt diagnosis of the leptospirosis-associated AKI is a challenge as there are no proper diagnostic tools that can identify patients in the early stage. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are widely used novel AKI biomarkers that are studied in various disease conditions with AKI, but not in leptospirosis. Thus, this study is aimed at seeking the importance of KIM-1 and MCP-1 in determining the leptospirosis-associated AKI. METHODS Leptospirosis-suspected patients who were admitted to medical wards of two selected hospitals in the Western province of Sri Lanka were recruited. Leptospirosis was confirmed by three diagnostic tests: PCR, MAT, and culture, and the status of AKI was determined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. RESULTS Of 170 leptospirosis-suspected patients, 79 were leptospirosis confirmed, and among them, 24.05% of patients were diagnosed to have AKI according to KDIGO criteria. Median serum KIM-1 (p < 0.0001), urine KIM-1 (0.0053), serum MCP-1 (0.0080), and urine MCP-1 (0.0019) levels in those developing AKI were significantly higher than in patients not developing AKI. The biomarker levels associated with leptospirosis AKI had AUC-ROC of 0.8565, 0.7292, 0.7024, and 0.7282 for serum KIM-1, urine KIM-1, serum MCP-1, and urine MCP-1, respectively. CONCLUSION This study revealed serum KIM-1 as a promising marker for leptospirosis-associated AKI among the tested biomarkers. Thus, further validation is recommended with a larger study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini Nisansala
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Manjula Weerasekera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Chamil Marasinghe
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Chandika Gamage
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Neluka Fernando
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Chinthika Gunasekara
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
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27
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Yousefzadeh MJ, Flores RR, Zhu Y, Schmiechen ZC, Brooks RW, Trussoni CE, Cui Y, Angelini L, Lee KA, McGowan SJ, Burrack AL, Wang D, Dong Q, Lu A, Sano T, O'Kelly RD, McGuckian CA, Kato JI, Bank MP, Wade EA, Pillai SPS, Klug J, Ladiges WC, Burd CE, Lewis SE, LaRusso NF, Vo NV, Wang Y, Kelley EE, Huard J, Stromnes IM, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ. An aged immune system drives senescence and ageing of solid organs. Nature 2021; 594:100-105. [PMID: 33981041 PMCID: PMC8684299 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ageing of the immune system, or immunosenescence, contributes to the morbidity and mortality of the elderly1,2. To define the contribution of immune system ageing to organism ageing, here we selectively deleted Ercc1, which encodes a crucial DNA repair protein3,4, in mouse haematopoietic cells to increase the burden of endogenous DNA damage and thereby senescence5-7 in the immune system only. We show that Vav-iCre+/-;Ercc1-/fl mice were healthy into adulthood, then displayed premature onset of immunosenescence characterized by attrition and senescence of specific immune cell populations and impaired immune function, similar to changes that occur during ageing in wild-type mice8-10. Notably, non-lymphoid organs also showed increased senescence and damage, which suggests that senescent, aged immune cells can promote systemic ageing. The transplantation of splenocytes from Vav-iCre+/-;Ercc1-/fl or aged wild-type mice into young mice induced senescence in trans, whereas the transplantation of young immune cells attenuated senescence. The treatment of Vav-iCre+/-;Ercc1-/fl mice with rapamycin reduced markers of senescence in immune cells and improved immune function11,12. These data demonstrate that an aged, senescent immune system has a causal role in driving systemic ageing and therefore represents a key therapeutic target to extend healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rafael R Flores
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zoe C Schmiechen
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Robert W Brooks
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Christy E Trussoni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yuxiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Luise Angelini
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kyoo-A Lee
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sara J McGowan
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam L Burrack
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qing Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tokio Sano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Ryan D O'Kelly
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Collin A McGuckian
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan I Kato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Michael P Bank
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Erin A Wade
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Jenna Klug
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Warren C Ladiges
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christin E Burd
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sara E Lewis
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nicholas F LaRusso
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nam V Vo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ingunn M Stromnes
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Chen Z, Hu J, Liu L, Chen R, Wang M, Xiong M, Li ZQ, Zhao Y, Li H, Guan C, Zhang J, Liu L, Chen K, Wang YM. SARS-CoV-2 Causes Acute Kidney Injury by Directly Infecting Renal Tubules. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664868. [PMID: 34136484 PMCID: PMC8201778 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most prevalent complications among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Here, we aim to investigate the causes, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in COVID-19 patients. We found that angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) were mainly expressed by different cell types in the human kidney. However, in autopsy kidney samples, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleoprotein was detected in ACE2+ or TMPRSS2+ renal tubular cells, whereas the RNAscope® Assay targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike gene was positive mainly in the distal tubular cells and seldom in the proximal tubular cells. In addition, the TMPRSS2 and kidney injury marker protein levels were significantly higher in the SARS-CoV-2-infected renal distal tubular cells, indicating that SARS-CoV-2-mediated AKI mainly occurred in the renal distal tubular cells. Subsequently, a cohort analysis of 722 patients with COVID-19 demonstrated that AKI was significantly related to more serious disease stages and poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The progressive increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level during the course of COVID-19 suggests that the patient’s condition is aggravated. These results will greatly increase the current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Hu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilong Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Xiong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Qiong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuhuai Guan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Snelson M, Clarke RE, Nguyen TV, Penfold SA, Forbes JM, Tan SM, Coughlan MT. Long Term High Protein Diet Feeding Alters the Microbiome and Increases Intestinal Permeability, Systemic Inflammation and Kidney Injury in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000851. [PMID: 33547877 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE This study evaluates the effects of a chronic high protein diet (HPD) on kidney injury, intestinal permeability and gut microbiota perturbations in a mouse model. METHOD AND RESULTS Mice are fed a diet containing either 20% or 52% energy from protein for 24 weeks; protein displaced an equivalent amount of wheat starch. The HPD does not alter glycemic control or body weight. The HPD induces kidney injury as evidenced by increase in albuminuria, urinary kidney injury molecule-1, blood urea nitrogen, urinary isoprostanes and renal cortical NF-κB p65 gene expression. HPD decreases intestinal occludin gene expression, increases plasma endotoxin and plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, indicating intestinal leakiness and systemic inflammation. Cecal microbial analysis reveals that HPD feeding does not alter alpha diversity; however, it does alter beta diversity, indicating an altered microbial community structure with HPD feeding. Predicted metagenome pathway analysis demonstrates a reduction in branched-chain amino acid synthesis and an increase of the urea cycle with consumption of a HPD. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that long term HPD consumption in mice causes albuminuria, systemic inflammation, increase in gastrointestinal permeability and is associated with gut microbiome remodeling with an increase in the urea cycle pathway, which may contribute to renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Elise Clarke
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sally Anne Penfold
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josephine Maree Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sih Min Tan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda Therese Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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30
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Puthumana J, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Xu L, Coca SG, Garg AX, Himmelfarb J, Bhatraju PK, Ikizler TA, Siew ED, Ware LB, Liu KD, Go AS, Kaufman JS, Kimmel PL, Chinchilli VM, Cantley LG, Parikh CR. Biomarkers of inflammation and repair in kidney disease progression. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139927. [PMID: 33290282 PMCID: PMC7843225 DOI: 10.1172/jci139927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTIONAcute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common in hospitalized patients. To inform clinical decision making, more accurate information regarding risk of long-term progression to kidney failure is required.METHODSWe enrolled 1538 hospitalized patients in a multicenter, prospective cohort study. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL2), uromodulin (UMOD), and YKL-40 (CHI3L1) were measured in urine samples collected during outpatient follow-up at 3 months. We followed patients for a median of 4.3 years and assessed the relationship between biomarker levels and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time and the development of a composite kidney outcome (CKD incidence, CKD progression, or end-stage renal disease). We paired these clinical studies with investigations in mouse models of renal atrophy and renal repair to further understand the molecular basis of these markers in kidney disease progression.RESULTSHigher MCP-1 and YKL-40 levels were associated with greater eGFR decline and increased incidence of the composite renal outcome, whereas higher UMOD levels were associated with smaller eGFR declines and decreased incidence of the composite kidney outcome. A multimarker score increased prognostic accuracy and reclassification compared with traditional clinical variables alone. The mouse model of renal atrophy showed greater Ccl2 and Chi3l1 mRNA expression in infiltrating macrophages and neutrophils, respectively, and evidence of progressive renal fibrosis compared with the repair model. The repair model showed greater Umod expression in the loop of Henle and correspondingly less fibrosis.CONCLUSIONSBiomarker levels at 3 months after hospitalization identify patients at risk for kidney disease progression.FUNDINGNIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Puthumana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Leyuan Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Steven G. Coca
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amit X. Garg
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Pavan K. Bhatraju
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - T. Alp Ikizler
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward D. Siew
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Tennessee Valley Health Services, Nashville Veterans Affairs Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lorraine B. Ware
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kathleen D. Liu
- Division of Nephrology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan S. Go
- Division of Nephrology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - James S. Kaufman
- Division of Nephrology, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Health Care System, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul L. Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vernon M. Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lloyd G. Cantley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chirag R. Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Sharawy MH, Serrya MS. Pirfenidone attenuates gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting inflammasome-dependent NLRP3 pathway in rats. Life Sci 2020; 260:118454. [PMID: 32950575 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt and usually reversible decline in renal function. AKI is considered one of the main drawbacks of the use of gentamicin that critically limits its clinical use. In this study, pirfenidone, an oral antifibrotic drug, was given to rats (200 mg/kg, p.o., daily) for seven days alone before the initiation of gentamicin treatment and continued for seven days alongside daily gentamicin injections. In gentamicin group, gentamicin was given to Wistar rats (100 mg/kg, i.p., daily) for seven days to induce AKI. Pirfenidone managed to alleviate gentamicin-induced AKI by improving kidney function parameters including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), proteinuria, relative kidney-to-body weight ratio and creatinine clearance. Pirfenidone decreased cytotoxicity induced by gentamicin by decreasing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and improving histologic picture of tubules and glomeruli. Pirfenidone also alleviated oxidative stress induced by gentamicin by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevating reduced glutathione (GSH). Pirfenidone prevented the upregulated inflammasome pathway markers in the kidney. It succeeded in decreasing toll like recpetor-4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain [NOD]-like pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 levels. Additionally, Pirfenidone caused a decrease in macrophage infiltration displayed by reduction in renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels. To sum up, pirfenidone can effectively mitigate gentamicin-induced AKI by inhibiting oxidative stress, macrophage infiltration and inflammasome-dependent NLRP3 pathway-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha H Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Marwa S Serrya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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32
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Gameiro J, Fonseca JA, Marques F, Lopes JA. Management of Acute Kidney Injury Following Major Abdominal Surgery: A Contemporary Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2679. [PMID: 32824854 PMCID: PMC7463962 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent occurrence following major abdominal surgery and is independently associated with both in-hospital and long-term mortality, as well as with a higher risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events. Postoperative AKI can account for up to 40% of in-hospital AKI cases. Given the differences in patient characteristics and the pathophysiology of postoperative AKI, it is inappropriate to assume that the management after noncardiac and nonvascular surgery are the same as those after cardiac and vascular surgery. This article provides a comprehensive review on the available evidence on the management of postoperative AKI in the setting of major abdominal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gameiro
- Division of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, EPE. Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (F.M.); (J.A.L.)
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33
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Roles Played by Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155490. [PMID: 32752030 PMCID: PMC7432915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial or complete obstruction of the urinary tract is a common and challenging urological condition caused by a variety of conditions, including ureteral calculi, ureteral pelvic junction obstruction, ureteral stricture, and malignant ureteral obstruction. The condition, which may develop in patients of any age, induces tubular and interstitial injury followed by inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis, eventually impairing renal function. The serum creatinine level is commonly used to evaluate global renal function but is not sensitive to early changes in the glomerular filtration rate and unilateral renal damage. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury are useful for the early detection and monitoring of kidney injury induced by upper urinary tract obstruction. These markers include levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), monocyte chemotactic protein-1, kidney injury molecule 1, N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase, and vanin-1 in the urine and serum NGAL and cystatin C concentrations. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of kidney injury caused by upper urinary tract obstruction, the roles played by emerging biomarkers of obstructive nephropathy, the mechanisms involved, and the clinical utility and limitations of the biomarkers.
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34
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de Oliveira Vilar Neto J, da Silva CA, Meneses GC, Pinto DV, Brito LC, da Cruz Fonseca SG, de Sousa Alves R, Martins AMC, de Oliveira Assumpção C, De Francesco Daher E. Novel renal biomarkers show that creatine supplementation is safe: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:263-270. [PMID: 32670557 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of creatine supplementation (CS) on renal function in young, healthy, and active subjects. We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial as the study design. Thirty-six healthy male university students were recruited and divided into three groups: group placebo, group G3 (3 g/day of CS), and group G5 (5 g/day of CS). To assess renal function, new kidney biomarkers, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), were quantified. Serum albumin, serum creatinine, serum urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria, and albuminuria were also measured. All groups were evaluated at two times: prior CS or placebo (pre) and after 35 days on CS or placebo (post). After 35 days of intervention, all characteristics were maintained without significant difference (P > 0.05) between the groups, including serum creatinine, eGFR, and more sensitive kidney biomarker concentrations (KIM-1 and MCP-1). The paired analysis showed that the supplemented groups (G3 and 5G) had increased serum creatinine and decreased eGFR levels (P < 0.05). However, the values were still within the normal reference range. In conclusion, the results of renal function evaluation did not show any difference between the evaluated groups. Increased serum creatinine and decreased eGFR levels in CS groups can be explained by increased creatine stores and metabolism, since creatinine is a by-product of creatine metabolism. These findings indicate that the use of CS at doses of 3 g and 5 g/day for a short period (35 days) is safe and did not impair the kidneys or renal function in young healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de Oliveira Vilar Neto
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna street, 949-Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil.,Physical Education and Sports Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Avenue, Sports Park, Block 320, Pici Ccampus, Fortaleza 60455-760, CE, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto da Silva
- Physical Education and Sports Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Avenue, Sports Park, Block 320, Pici Ccampus, Fortaleza 60455-760, CE, Brazil
| | - Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna street, 949-Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Pastor Samuel Munguba street, 1210 Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-372, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Vieira Pinto
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna street, 949-Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciana Catunda Brito
- Physical Education and Sports Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Avenue, Sports Park, Block 320, Pici Ccampus, Fortaleza 60455-760, CE, Brazil
| | - Said Goncalves da Cruz Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Pastor Samuel Munguba street, 1210 Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-372, CE, Brazil
| | - Renata de Sousa Alves
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Pastor Samuel Munguba street, 1210 Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-372, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Pastor Samuel Munguba street, 1210 Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-372, CE, Brazil
| | - Cláudio de Oliveira Assumpção
- Physical Education and Sports Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Mister Hull Avenue, Sports Park, Block 320, Pici Ccampus, Fortaleza 60455-760, CE, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth De Francesco Daher
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna street, 949-Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
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Erythropoietin Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Inflammasome Suppression in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103453. [PMID: 32414157 PMCID: PMC7278975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common condition in hospitalized patients. As ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI (IR-AKI) is as a major contributor to end-stage disease, an effective therapeutic intervention for IR-AKI is imperative. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a potent stimulator of erythroid progenitor cells and is significantly upregulated during hypoxia. Here, we investigated the renoprotective effects of EPO in an IR-AKI mouse model. Mice were assigned to sham, EPO only, and IR only groups, and the IR group was treated with EPO prior to injury. EPO was administered twice at 30 min prior to bilateral renal artery occlusion, and 5 min before reperfusion, with all mice sacrificed 24 h after IR-AKI. The serum was harvested for renal functional measurements. The kidneys were subjected to histological evaluation, and the biochemical changes associated with renal injury were assessed. EPO significantly attenuated the renal dysfunction associated with IR-AKI, as well as tissue injury. Apoptotic cell death and oxidative stress were significantly reduced in EPO-treated mice. Macrophage infiltration and expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 were also significantly reduced in EPO-treated mice. Furthermore, the expression of inflammasome-related factors (NLRP1, NLRP3, and caspase-1 cleavage), via the activation of the COX-2 and NF-B signaling pathways were significantly reduced following EPO treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that inflammasome-mediated inflammation might be a potential target of EPO as a treatment for ischemic AKI.
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Risk factors of acute kidney injury induced by multiple wasp stings. Toxicon 2020; 182:1-6. [PMID: 32387349 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In Asia, acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by wasp stings is common; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved remain unclear. To evaluate the mechanisms associated with AKI induced by wasp stings, we conducted a retrospective cohort study that assessed blood and urinary samples from 112 patients with hospital admissions resulting from wasp stings. These samples were divided into those with AKI and without AKI as described in the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) database. Of the patients, 48.2% presented with an elevated number of leukocytes (median 19.9 vs. 15.8 × 109/L), serum creatinine (median 122.0 vs. 66.0 μmol/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (median 176 vs. 32 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (median 402 vs. 37 U/L), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (median 3076.0 vs. 300.0 U/L), creatine kinase (CK) (median 9990.0 vs. 261.0 U/L), creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-mb) (median 200.0 vs. 29.5 U/L), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (median 70.0 vs. 42.5s), prothrombin time (PT) (median 15.0 vs. 12.5s), myoglobin (median 2200.0 vs. 78.0 ng/mL), proteinuria (51.9% vs. 17.2% ≥ 1+), and urinary monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) (median 432.0 vs. 177.0 pg/mL), and subsequently developed AKI. As determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis, elevated leukocytes (>10 × 109/L) [OR 1.12 (95% CI 1.02-1.23)], high myoglobin (>1200 ng/mL) [OR 18.51 (95% CI 1.51-132.27)], and high urinary MCP-1 (>200 pg/mL) [OR 5.42 (95% CI 1.27-30.39)] on admission were independent risk factors for AKI. At admission, baseline values for ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), LDH, CK-mb, APTT, PT, and proteinuria were higher for those who later died as well as for those who developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD). No patients without AKI died or developed ESRD. The present study explored the pathophysiology of AKI induced by wasp stings based on the findings of risk factors as well as factors related to outcomes. An understanding of AKI induced by wasp stings allows better treatment options and clinical management for wasp stings patients.
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Assessing the health of the nephron in acute kidney injury: biomarkers of kidney function and injury. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2020; 28:560-566. [PMID: 31369422 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Serum creatinine and urine output continue to be the mainstays of diagnosis of acute kidney injury, though both of these measures have significant limitations, especially in acutely hospitalized patients. Biomarkers in both blood and urine have been studied extensively in the research setting and are on the verge of clinical practice to improve diagnosis of AKI. RECENT FINDINGS Blood and urine biomarkers can be localized to specific areas or functions within the nephron. Biomarkers can help to characterize glomerular or tubular function; glomerular, tubular, or interstitial injury; inflammation; or repair. Further, biomarkers can improve diagnosis of AKI in various clinical settings including acute interstitial nephritis, acute tubular injury, and hepatorenal syndrome, and cardiorenal syndrome. SUMMARY Biomarkers are becoming more prevalent in both research and getting close to clinical use. Both blood and urine biomarkers can help to localize impairment in nephron health by either location or function within the nephron and among various causes of AKI.
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Zimmerman KA, Hopp K, Mrug M. Role of chemokines, innate and adaptive immunity. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109647. [PMID: 32325183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) triggers a robust immune system response including changes in both innate and adaptive immunity. These changes involve immune cells (e.g., macrophages and T cells) as well as cytokines and chemokines (e.g., MCP-1) that regulate the production, differentiation, homing, and various functions of these cells. This review is focused on the role of the immune system and its associated factors in the pathogenesis of PKDs as evidenced by data from cell-based systems, animal models, and PKD patients. It also highlights relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies that point to specific immune system components as promising candidates for the development of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to improve PKD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Zimmerman
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Polycystic Kidney Disease Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michal Mrug
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Fang J, Yao X, Hou M, Duan M, Xing L, Huang J, Wang Y, Zhu B, Chen Q, Wang H. ApoL1 induces kidney inflammation through RIG-I/NF-κB activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:466-473. [PMID: 32336543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The genetic variations of the apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene are associated with non-diabetic kidney diseases. However, very little is known about the role of ApoL1 in glomerular damage. Here, we aimed to identify the function and mechanism of ApoL1 in glomerular damage. The mice were randomly divided into two groups: one group was intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), while the other group was intraperitoneally injected with recombinant ApoL1 every other day for 3 months. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining were used to demonstrate the effects of ApoL1 on kidney inflammation and injury. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses revealed that ApoL1-treated mice exhibited enhanced expression of various inflammation markers in the kidney and serum compared to the PBS-treated mice. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that ApoL1 accumulated in kidney podocytes. Treatment with ApoL1 dose-dependently increased the expression of inflammation markers and apoptotic markers. The abnormal gene expression associated with ApoL1-mediated podocyte inflammation was evaluated using microarray analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that the upregulated genes were enriched in the inflammation-related processes, such as the RIG-I/NF-κB signaling pathway. Consistently, the knockdown of RIG-I significantly mitigated the ApoL1-induced upregulation of inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the human podocytes. Additionally, the ApoL1-induced glomerular damage was attenuated in AAV-shRIG-I mice. Therefore, the effects of ApoL1 on glomerular damage may be, at least partially, through inducing abnormal expression of inflammatory molecules, which may have important implications for treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmei Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiang Hou
- Department of Urology, Xishui County People's Hospital, Guizhou Province, Guizhou, 564699, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Duan
- Department of Urology, Xishui County People's Hospital, Guizhou Province, Guizhou, 564699, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiebo Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunman Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujing Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China.
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Martinez-Moreno JM, Fontecha-Barriuso M, Martín-Sánchez D, Sánchez-Niño MD, Ruiz-Ortega M, Sanz AB, Ortiz A. The Contribution of Histone Crotonylation to Tissue Health and Disease: Focus on Kidney Health. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:393. [PMID: 32308622 PMCID: PMC7145939 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the most severe consequences of kidney injury. They are interconnected syndromes as CKD predisposes to AKI and AKI may accelerate CKD progression. Despite their growing impact on the global burden of disease, there is no satisfactory treatment for AKI and current therapeutic approaches to CKD remain suboptimal. Recent research has focused on the therapeutic target potential of epigenetic regulation of gene expression, including non-coding RNAs and the covalent modifications of histones and DNA. Indeed, several drugs targeting histone modifications are in clinical use or undergoing clinical trials. Acyl-lysine histone modifications (e.g. methylation, acetylation, and crotonylation) have modulated experimental kidney injury. Most recently, increased histone lysine crotonylation (Kcr) was observed during experimental AKI and could be reproduced in cultured tubular cells exposed to inflammatory stress triggered by the cytokine TWEAK. The degree of kidney histone crotonylation was modulated by crotonate availability and crotonate supplementation protected from nephrotoxic AKI. We now review the functional relevance of histone crotonylation in kidney disease and other pathophysiological contexts, as well as the implications for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. These studies provide insights into the overall role of histone crotonylation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio M Martinez-Moreno
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martín-Sánchez
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria D Sánchez-Niño
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
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Da Y, Akalya K, Murali T, Vathsala A, Tan CS, Low S, Lim HN, Teo BW, Lau T, Ong L, Chua HR. Serial Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers to Predict Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:656-664. [PMID: 31296157 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190711114504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) develops in 10-15% of patients who receive nephrotoxic medications. Urinary biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction may detect nephrotoxicity early and predict AKI. METHODS We prospectively studied patients who received aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, or calcineurin inhibitors, and collected their serial urine while on therapy. Patients who developed drug-induced AKI (fulfilling KDIGO criteria) were matched with non-AKI controls in a 1:2 ratio. Their urine samples were batch-analyzed at time-intervals leading up to AKI onset; the latter benchmarked against the final day of nephrotoxic therapy in non- AKI controls. Biomarkers examined include clusterin, beta-2-microglobulin, KIM1, MCP1, cystatin-C, trefoil-factor- 3, NGAL, interleukin-18, GST-Pi, calbindin, and osteopontin; biomarkers were normalized with corresponding urine creatinine. RESULTS Nine of 84 (11%) patients developed drug-induced AKI. Biomarkers from 7 AKI cases with pre-AKI samples were compared with those from 14 non-AKI controls. Corresponding mean ages were 55(±17) and 52(±16) years; baseline eGFR were 99(±21) and 101(±24) mL/min/1.73m2 (all p=NS). Most biomarker levels peaked before the onset of AKI. Median levels of 5 biomarkers were significantly higher in AKI cases than controls at 1-3 days before AKI onset (all µg/mmol): clusterin [58(8-411) versus 7(3-17)], beta-2-microglobulin [1632(913-3823) versus 253(61-791)], KIM1 [0.16(0.13-0.76) versus 0.07(0.05-0.15)], MCP1 [0.40(0.16-1.90) versus 0.07(0.04-0.17)], and cystatin-C [33(27-2990) versus 11(7-19)], all p<0.05; their AUROC for AKI prediction were >0.80 (confidence intervals >0.50), with average accuracy highest for clusterin (86%), followed by beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, MCP1, and KIM1 (57%) after cross-validation. CONCLUSION Serial surveillance of these biomarkers could improve the lead time for nephrotoxicity detection by days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Da
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - K Akalya
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Tanusya Murali
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Anantharaman Vathsala
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Chuen-Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Sanmay Low
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Hui-Ning Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Boon-Wee Teo
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Titus Lau
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Lizhen Ong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Horng-Ruey Chua
- Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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Kamianowska M, Szczepański M, Wasilewska A. Tubular and Glomerular Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury in Newborns. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:332-349. [PMID: 30907310 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190321142417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a sudden decrease in kidney function. In the early period, the highest percentage of AKI occurs among newborns hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care units, especially premature neonates. The prognosis of AKI depends on the type and severity of the cause of an injury, the accuracy and the time of diagnosis and treatment. The concentration of serum creatinine is still the main diagnostic test, although it changes in the course of AKI later than glomerular filtration rate GFR. In addition, the reliability of the determination of creatinine level is limited because it depends on many factors. New studies have presented other, more useful laboratory markers of renal function that can be measured in serum and/or in urine. OBJECTIVE The aim of the work was to present the latest data about tubular and glomerular biomarkers of acute kidney injury in newborns. METHODS We undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature by using focused review topics. According to the conceptual framework, the main idea of research literature has been summarized and presented in this study. RESULTS The concentrations of some novel biomarkers are higher in serum and/or urine of term and preterm newborns with AKI, especially in the course of perinatal asphyxia. CONCLUSION In this systematic review of the literature, we have highlighted the usefulness of biomarkers in predicting tubular and/or glomerular injury in newborns. However, novel biomarkers need to prove their clinical applicability, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness prior to their implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kamianowska
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Szczepański
- Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Epigenetic regulation in AKI and kidney repair: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:220-239. [PMID: 30651611 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-018-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite decades of research, the pathogenesis of AKI remains incompletely understood and effective therapies are lacking. An increasing body of evidence suggests a role for epigenetic regulation in the process of AKI and kidney repair, involving remarkable changes in histone modifications, DNA methylation and the expression of various non-coding RNAs. For instance, increases in levels of histone acetylation seem to protect kidneys from AKI and promote kidney repair. AKI is also associated with changes in genome-wide and gene-specific DNA methylation; however, the role and regulation of DNA methylation in kidney injury and repair remains largely elusive. MicroRNAs have been studied quite extensively in AKI, and a plethora of specific microRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AKI. Emerging research suggests potential for microRNAs as novel diagnostic biomarkers of AKI. Further investigation into these epigenetic mechanisms will not only generate novel insights into the mechanisms of AKI and kidney repair but also might lead to new strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of this disease.
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Johnson AC, Gooley T, Guillem A, Keyser J, Rasmussen H, Singh B, Zager RA. Parenterial iron sucrose-induced renal preconditioning: differential ferritin heavy and light chain expression in plasma, urine, and internal organs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1563-F1571. [PMID: 31608670 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00307.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental data suggest that iron sucrose (FeS) injection, used either alone or in combination with other prooxidants, can induce "renal preconditioning," in part by upregulating cytoprotective ferritin levels. However, the rapidity, degree, composition (heavy vs. light chain), and renal ferritin changes after FeS administration in humans remain to be defined. To address these issues, healthy human volunteers (n = 9) and patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease(n = 9) were injected once with FeS (120, 240, or 360 mg). Plasma ferritin was measured from 0 to 8 days postinjection as an overall index of ferritin generation. Urinary ferritin served as a "biomarker" of renal ferritin production. FeS induced rapid (≤2 h), dose-dependent, plasma ferritin increases in all study participants, peaking at approximately three to five times baseline within 24-48 h. Significant urinary ferritin increases (~3 times), without dose-dependent increases in albuminuria, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, or N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase excretion, were observed. Western blot analysis with ferritin heavy chain (Fhc)- and light chain (Flc)-specific antibodies demonstrated that FeS raised plasma Flc but not Fhc levels. Conversely, FeS increased both Fhc and Flc in urine. To assess sites of FeS-induced ferritin generation, organs from FeS-treated mice were probed for Fhc, Flc, and their mRNAs. FeS predominantly raised hepatic Flc. Conversely, marked Fhc and Flc elevations developed in the kidney and spleen. No cardiopulmonary ferritin increases occurred. Ferritin mRNAs remained unchanged throughout, implying posttranscriptional ferritin production. We conclude that FeS induces rapid, dramatic, and differential Fhc and Flc upregulation in organs. Renal Fhc and Flc increases, in the absence of nephrotoxicity, suggest potential FeS utility as a clinical renal "preconditioning" agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali C Johnson
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ted Gooley
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A Zager
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Lee AK, Katz R, Jotwani V, Garimella PS, Ambrosius WT, Cheung AK, Gren LH, Neyra JA, Punzi H, Raphael KL, Shlipak MG, Ix JH. Distinct Dimensions of Kidney Health and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, and Mortality. Hypertension 2019; 74:872-879. [PMID: 31378102 PMCID: PMC6739187 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but clinical kidney measures (estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria) do not fully reflect the multiple aspects of kidney tubules influencing cardiovascular health. Applied methods are needed to integrate numerous tubule biomarkers into useful prognostic scores. In SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) participants with chronic kidney disease at baseline (estimated glomerular filtration ratecr&cys <60 mL/minute per 1.73 m2), we measured 8 biomarkers from urine (α1M [α1M microglobulin], β2M [β2M microglobulin], umod [uromodulin], KIM-1 [kidney injury molecule-1], MCP-1 [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1], YKL-40 [chitinase-3-like protein-1], NGAL [neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin], and IL-18 [interleukin 18]) and 2 biomarkers from serum (intact parathyroid hormone, iFGF-23 [intact fibroblast growth factor-23]). We used an unsupervised method, exploratory factor analysis, to create summary scores of tubule health dimensions. Adjusted Cox models evaluated each tubule score with CVD events, heart failure, and all-cause mortality. We examined CVD discrimination using Harrell C-statistic. Factor analysis of 10 biomarkers from 2376 SPRINT-chronic kidney disease participants identified 4 unique dimensions of tubular health: tubule injury/repair (NGAL, IL-18, YKL-40), tubule injury/fibrosis (KIM-1, MCP-1), tubule reabsorption (α1M, β2M), and tubular reserve/mineral metabolism (umod, intact parathyroid hormone, iFGF-23). After adjustment for CVD risk factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albumin-to-creatinine ratio, 2 of the 4 tubule scores were associated with CVD (hazard ratio per SD; reabsorption, 1.21 [1.06-1.38]; reserve, 1.24 (1.08-1.38]), 1 with heart failure (reserve, 1.41 [1.13-1.74]), and none with mortality. Compared with a base model (C-statistic=0.674), adding estimated glomerular filtration rate and albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved the C-statistic (C=0.704; P=0.001); further adding tubule scores additionally improved the C-statistic (C=0.719; P=0.009). In the setting of chronic kidney disease, dimensions of tubule health quantified using factor analysis improved CVD discrimination beyond contemporary kidney measures. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alfred K. Cheung
- University of Utah
- Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System
| | | | - Javier A. Neyra
- University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas
- University of Kentucky, Lexington
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Shashaty MGS, Forker CM, Miano TA, Wu Q, Yang W, Oyster ML, Porteous MK, Cantu EE, Diamond JM, Christie JD. The association of post-lung transplant acute kidney injury with mortality is independent of primary graft dysfunction: A cohort study. Clin Transplant 2019; 33:e13678. [PMID: 31355953 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies of post-lung transplant acute kidney injury (AKI) have not accounted for confounding effects of primary graft dysfunction (PGD). We sought to test the impact of PGD on AKI risk factors and on the association of AKI with mortality. METHODS We included patients transplanted at the University of Pennsylvania from 2005-12, defined AKI using consensus criteria during transplant hospitalization, and defined PGD as grade 3 at 48-72 hours. We used multivariable logistic regression to test the impact of PGD on AKI risk factors and Cox models to test association of AKI with one-year mortality adjusting for PGD and other confounders. RESULTS Of 299 patients, 188 (62.9%) developed AKI with 142 (75%) cases occurring by postoperative day 4. In multivariable models, PGD was strongly associated with AKI (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.72-8.19, P = .001) but minimally changed associations of other risk factors with AKI. Both AKI (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.68-7.88, P = .001) and PGD (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.40-4.64, P = .002) were independently associated with one-year mortality. CONCLUSIONS Post-lung transplant AKI risk factors and association of AKI with mortality were independent of PGD. AKI may therefore be a target for improving lung transplant mortality rather than simply an epiphenomenon of PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G S Shashaty
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caitlin M Forker
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Todd A Miano
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qufei Wu
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michelle L Oyster
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary K Porteous
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward E Cantu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joshua M Diamond
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jotwani VK, Lee AK, Estrella MM, Katz R, Garimella PS, Malhotra R, Rifkin DE, Ambrosius W, Freedman BI, Cheung AK, Raphael KL, Drawz P, Neyra JA, Oparil S, Punzi H, Shlipak MG, Ix JH. Urinary Biomarkers of Tubular Damage Are Associated with Mortality but Not Cardiovascular Risk among Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Participants with Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Nephrol 2019; 49:346-355. [PMID: 30939472 DOI: 10.1159/000499531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney tubulointerstitial fibrosis on biopsy is a strong predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and CKD is associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Tubular health is poorly quantified by traditional kidney function measures, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria. We hypothesized that urinary biomarkers of tubular injury, inflammation, and repair would be associated with higher risk of CVD and mortality in persons with CKD. METHODS We measured urinary concentrations of interleukin-18 (IL-18), kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and chitinase-3-like protein-1 (YKL-40) at baseline among 2,377 participants of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial who had an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate biomarker associations with CVD events and all-cause mortality. RESULTS At baseline, the mean age of participants was 72 ± 9 years, and eGFR was 48 ± 11 mL/min/1.73 m2. Over a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 305 CVD events (3.6% per year) and 233 all-cause deaths (2.6% per year) occurred. After multivariable adjustment including eGFR, albuminuria, and urinary creatinine, none of the biomarkers showed statistically significant associations with CVD risk. Urinary IL-18 (hazard ratio [HR] per 2-fold higher value, 1.14; 95% CI 1.01-1.29) and YKL-40 (HR per 2-fold higher value, 1.08; 95% CI 1.02-1.14) concentrations were each incrementally associated with higher mortality risk. Associations were similar when stratified by randomized blood pressure arm. CONCLUSIONS Among hypertensive trial participants with CKD, higher urinary IL-18 and YKL-40 were associated with higher risk of mortality, but not CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasantha K Jotwani
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA,
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA,
| | - Alexandra K Lee
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle M Estrella
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ronit Katz
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pranav S Garimella
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rakesh Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dena E Rifkin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Walter Ambrosius
- Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alfred K Cheung
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kalani L Raphael
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paul Drawz
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Javier A Neyra
- Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Henry Punzi
- Punzi Medical Center, Trinity Hypertension Research Institute, Carollton, Texas, USA
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco VA Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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48
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Yoon YE, Lee HH, Na JC, Han WK. Prospective assessment of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipoprotein in living kidney donors: toward understanding differences between chronic kidney diseases of surgical and medical origin. BJU Int 2018; 123:869-876. [PMID: 30347133 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical implications of postoperative urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipoprotein (NGAL) changes and the association between urinary NGAL (uNGAL) and renal function in living kidney donors. SUBJECTS, PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 76 healthy adults who underwent donor nephrectomy between December 2013 and November 2014. Perioperative serum creatinine (sCr), uNGAL, serum NGAL (sNGAL), and urinary microalbumin were prospectively measured until 6 months postoperatively. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to medical disorders who visited our outpatient clinic during the same period were included for comparison. RESULTS The mean (SD) preoperative uNGAL of donors was 5 (5.17) ng/mL. uNGAL (corrected for urinary creatinine) was maximal at 1-2 days postoperatively, decreased on postoperative day 3, and stabilised by 7 days after surgery. Postoperative uNGAL was not associated with sex, age, or preoperative renal function. When corrected for sNGAL to compensate for the systemic increase in NGAL with major surgery, uNGAL on days 1-3 postoperatively was negatively correlated with sCr. Postoperatively, donor uNGAL remained higher than preoperatively for up to 6 months but was significantly lower than in patients with medical CKD with similar glomerular filtration rates. CONCLUSION Acute kidney injury due to hyperfiltration of remnant kidney after donor nephrectomy was maximal within 1-2 days postoperatively. The rise in uNGAL during this period in donors was negatively correlated with postoperative sCr levels. Decreased renal function after nephrectomy differs from that of medical CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Yoon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Ho Lee
- Department of Urology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Joon Chae Na
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Kyu Han
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Huang R, Shi M, Guo F, Feng Y, Feng Y, Liu J, Li L, Liang Y, Xiang J, Lei S, Ma L, Fu P. Pharmacological Inhibition of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) Protects Against Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:917. [PMID: 30135658 PMCID: PMC6092613 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and potentially life-threatening complication. Studies confirmed that circulating FABP4 depended on renal function of AKI patients. In our previous study, FABP4 was involved in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced AKI. However, the function of FABP4 in rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI remained poorly understood. In the study, we further investigated the effect of FABP4 in a murine model of glycerol injection-induced rhabdomyolysis. Following glycerol injection, the mice developed severe AKI as indicated by acute renal dysfunction and histologic changes, companied by the increased FABP4 expression in the cytoplasm of tubular epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 by a highly selective inhibitor BMS309403 significantly reduced serum creatinine level, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 as well as attenuated renal tubular damage in glycerol-injured kidneys. Oral administration of FABP4 inhibitor also resulted in a significant attenuation of ER stress indicated by transmission electron microscope analysis and its maker proteins expression of GRP78, CHOP, p-perk, and ATF4 in kidneys of AKI. Furthermore, BMS309403 could attenuate myoglobin-induced ER stress and inflammation in renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2). Overall, these data highlighted that renal protection of selective FABP4 inhibitor was substantiated by the reduction of ER stress and inflammation in tubular epithelial cells of rhabdomyolysis-induced injured kidneys and suggested that the inhibition of FABP4 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongshuang Huang
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Shi
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuying Feng
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhuan Feng
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Lei
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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50
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Chakraborty A, Viswanathan P. Methylation-Demethylation Dynamics: Implications of Changes in Acute Kidney Injury. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8764384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the epigenetic landscape has grown increasingly complex. Until recently, methylation of DNA and histones was considered one of the most important epigenetic modifications. However, with the discovery of enzymes involved in the demethylation process, several exciting prospects have emerged that focus on the dynamic regulation of methylation and its crucial role in development and disease. An interplay of the methylation-demethylation machinery controls the process of gene expression. Since acute kidney injury (AKI), a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease and death, is characterised by aberrant expression of genes, understanding the dynamics of methylation and demethylation will provide new insights into the intricacies of the disease. Research on epigenetics in AKI has only made its mark in the recent years but has provided compelling evidence that implicates the involvement of methylation and demethylation changes in its pathophysiology. In this review, we explore the role of methylation and demethylation machinery in cellular epigenetic control and further discuss the contribution of methylomic changes and histone modifications to the pathophysiology of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Chakraborty
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio-Medical Research, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio-Medical Research, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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