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Zima K, Khaidakov B, Banaszkiewicz L, Lemke K, Kowalczyk PK. Exploring the Potential of Ribes nigrum L., Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, and Sambucus nigra L. Fruit Polyphenol-Rich Composition and Metformin Synergy in Type 2 Diabetes Management. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:1092462. [PMID: 38919261 PMCID: PMC11199064 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1092462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis, is commonly managed through lifestyle interventions and medications such as metformin. Although metformin is generally well-tolerated, it may cause gastrointestinal adverse effects and, in rare cases, precipitate lactic acidosis, necessitating cautious use in individuals with renal dysfunction. Additionally, concerns regarding its impact on hepatic function have led to its discontinuation in cirrhotic patients. This study explores the potential synergistic benefits of a polyphenol-rich blend containing black currant, chokeberry, and black elderberry extracts alongside metformin in managing type 2 diabetes. In vitro results highlighted distinct effects of AMPK pathway modulation, showcasing reductions in cholesterol and triglyceride levels alongside a notable enhancement in glucose uptake. The blend, when combined with metformin, significantly reduced insulin levels and fasting glucose concentrations in an in vivo model. Furthermore, hepatic analyses unveiled a modulation in cellular pathways, suggesting a potential influence on lipid metabolism, attenuation of inflammatory pathways, a decrease in cellular stress response, and antioxidant defense mechanisms, collectively implying a potential reduction in liver fat accumulation. The findings suggest a potential complementary role of polyphenols in enhancing the efficacy of metformin, possibly allowing for reduced metformin dosage and mitigating its side effects. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of this nutraceutical approach in managing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zima
- Department of PhysiologyMedical University of GdańskDębinki 1 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
- R&D DepartmentAronPharma Ltd.Trzy Lipy Street 3 80-172, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Barbara Khaidakov
- R&D DepartmentAronPharma Ltd.Trzy Lipy Street 3 80-172, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Lemke
- R&D DepartmentAronPharma Ltd.Trzy Lipy Street 3 80-172, Gdańsk, Poland
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Kour N, Bhagat G, Singh S, Bhatti SS, Arora S, Singh B, Bhatia A. Polyphenols mediated attenuation of diabetes associated cardiovascular complications: A comprehensive review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:73-99. [PMID: 38932901 PMCID: PMC11196529 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by increased levels of glucose for prolonged periods of time. Incessant hyperglycemia leads to diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, and cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, stroke, etc. There are many studies that suggest that various polyphenols affect glucose homeostasis and can help to attenuate the complications associated with diabetes. Objective This review focuses on the possible role of various dietary polyphenols in palliating diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. This review also aims to give an overview of the interrelationship among ROS production (due to diabetes), inflammation, glycoxidative stress, and cardiovascular complications as well as the anti-hyperglycemic effects of dietary polyphenols. Methods Various scientific databases including Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Wiley Online Library were used for searching articles that complied with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results This review lists several polyphenols based on various pre-clinical and clinical studies that have anti-hyperglycemic potential as well as a protective function against cardiovascular complications. Conclusion Several pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that various dietary polyphenols can be a promising intervention for the attenuation of diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Gulshan Bhagat
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Simran Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Sandip Singh Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144001 India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
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Kubra Sasmaz H, Kilic-Buyukkurt O, Selli S, Bouaziz M, Kelebek H. Antioxidant Capacity, Sugar Content, and Tandem HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS Profiling of Phenolic Compounds from Aronia melanocarpa Fruits and Leaves (Nero and Viking Cultivars). ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14963-14976. [PMID: 38585047 PMCID: PMC10993410 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the phenolic profile, sugar composition, and antioxidant capacities of chokeberry fruits and leaves obtained from four different Turkiye provinces. A total of 21 phenolics including phenolic acid and its derivatives, flavanols, anthocyanins, and flavonols were determined in the fruits, while the leaves had 19 phenolics, including phenolic acid and its derivatives, flavanols, and flavonols. The total amount of phenolic compounds was the highest in both fruits and leaves in the samples from the Bursa province. Cis 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid and secoxyloganin were quantified for the first time in both fruits and leaves. In summary, it was found that different geographical locations significantly affected the phenolics, sugar contents, and antioxidant activities of the fruits and leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Kubra Sasmaz
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kilic-Buyukkurt
- Department
of Food Technology, Kadirli Applied Sciences School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80760 Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Serkan Selli
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry and Environment, National Engineering School of
Sfax, University of Sfax, BP 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Hasim Kelebek
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Turkey
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Eryaman Z, Hizal J, Yılmazoğlu M, Daban U, Mert H, Kanmaz N. The performance of hypochlorous acid modified Ag nanoparticle-based assay in the determination of total antioxidant capacity of Boswellia Serrata and Aronia. Talanta 2024; 267:125218. [PMID: 37734289 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the SNPAC method was developed by using hypochlorous (ClO-) at pH 9.3. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as a stabilizer. The existence of HOCl enables to formation stronger and more stable yellow emission which gives sensitivity. As a result, lower LOD and LOQ values were achieved by the AgNP-HOCl method. The obtaining lower values was attributed to the reoxidation of silver atoms with ClO- ions in the presence of PVP. The newly modified method was applied to the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measurement of Boswellia Serrata, Aronia Melanocarpa tea, and juice. The results were compared with the results obtained by application of CUPRAC (Cupric ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays. The TAC values of Boswellia Serrata, Aronia Melanocarpa tea, and juice were found as 6.18, 137.98, and 12.08 mmol TEAC/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zülal Eryaman
- Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 77100, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Julide Hizal
- Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 77100, Yalova, Turkey.
| | - Mesut Yılmazoğlu
- Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 77100, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Uğur Daban
- Yalova University, Institute of Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, 77100, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Hande Mert
- Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 77100, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Nergiz Kanmaz
- Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, 77100, Yalova, Turkey
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Nakitto AMS, Byaruhanga YB, Wagner AE, Muyonga JH. Influence of ripeness stage on the bioactive compounds' contents and antioxidant activities of Solanum anguivi Lam. fruits accessions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21614. [PMID: 38027920 PMCID: PMC10651511 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Solanum anguivi Lam. fruits (SALF) possess bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and vitamin C, that are beneficial for preventing oxidative stress-related diseases. It has been documented that ripeness stage influences the nutritional quality of fruits. However, there is limited information on the effect of the ripeness stages (unripe, yellow, orange and red) on the bioactive compounds' contents (BCC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of SALF. We investigated the effect of ripening on the BCC and AA of different SALF accessions. Spectrophotometry was used to determine SALF's total contents of phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, vitamin C, and AA and gravimetry for total alkaloids. The AA was determined as free radical scavenging activity (FRSC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The total phenolics (7.6-22.6 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW), flavonoids (1.3-4.1 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g DW), saponins (44.8-152.5 mg diosgenin equivalent/g DW), vitamin C (2.2-6.4 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g DW), alkaloids (141.2-296.9 mg/g DW), FRSC (1.5-66.2 %) and TAC (0.1-14.2 mg QE/g DW) significantly differed among the ripeness stages. Fruits in the unripe stage were rich in phenolics, flavonoids, and AA; in the red stage in alkaloids and vitamin C; and in the orange stage, in saponins and flavonoids. The AA had strong positive correlations with total flavonoids and phenolics (r = 0.72 and 0.81, respectively) and a moderate negative correlation with total alkaloids (r = -0.67). Overall, unripe stage fruits had the highest AA and total phenolics and thus may have the highest health-promoting properties. Botanists and farmers may, therefore, focus on harvesting and trading SALF to markets/consumers while still unripe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Musaazi Sebunya Nakitto
- School of Food Technology Nutrition and Bioengineering, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yusuf B. Byaruhanga
- School of Food Technology Nutrition and Bioengineering, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Anika E. Wagner
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - John H. Muyonga
- School of Food Technology Nutrition and Bioengineering, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Matsuane C, Kiage BN, Karanja J, Kavoo AM, Rimberia FK. Hypolipidaemic effects of papaya ( Carica papaya L.) juice on rats fed on a high fat and fructose diet. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e76. [PMID: 37457684 PMCID: PMC10345780 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a highly nutritious and less-caloric fruit, commonly consumed for its minerals and vitamins and hence may help in controlling obesity and abdominal discomforts. The present study investigated the hypolipidaemic effects of papaya juice extract on male Albino Wistar rats (7 weeks old; 185 ± 17 g) fed on a high fat and fructose diet (HFFD) for 6 weeks. The rats were divided into groups I-IV of five rats each and fed on either a HFFD (i.e. the Control), HFFD + 200 mg papaya, HFFD + 350 mg papaya or a HFFD + 500 mg papaya. On day 34, after an overnight fast, blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture under 99⋅8 % Chloroform anaesthesia for the determination of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density cholesterol (HDL-c). The atherogenic (AI) and coronary risk (CRI) indices were also calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA where means were separated using Tukey's HSD test. Resulted showed that all rats given papaya juice had an increasing, non-significant HDL-c and reduced LDL-c levels while rats fed on HFFD had the highest TC (53⋅2 mg/dl) and TG (37⋅6 mg/dl) levels. Papaya juice statistically reduced the AI and CRI of the rats. In conclusion, consumption of HFFD + 500 mg was the most effective in the reduction of rats' blood lipids and fats, due to its anti-obesity and hypolipidaemic properties, thus can be used in the management of dyspilidaemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christinah Matsuane
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box, Nairobi 62000-00200, Kenya
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Beatrice N. Kiage
- Department of Human Nutrition, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box, Nairobi 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Josephine Karanja
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box, Nairobi 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Agnes M. Kavoo
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box, Nairobi 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Fredah K. Rimberia
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box, Nairobi 62000-00200, Kenya
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Nemetz NJ, Winter AR, Hensen JP, Schieber A, Weber F. Toward gentle chokeberry juice production by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic maceration. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100518. [PMID: 37303585 PMCID: PMC10248796 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable processes accompanied by high extraction yields and minimized amounts of by-products are a major goal of current fruit juice production. Controlled degradation of cell wall polysaccharides, in particular pectin, may contribute to reduced emergence of side streams. Possible strategies for the optimization are the selection of enzyme preparations based on comprehensive studies of their activities, the adjustment of maceration temperature toward more gentle conditions, and the application of alternative technologies such as ultrasound (US) during maceration. The present study provides insights into the effects of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic maceration (UAEM) on pectin degradation, total anthocyanin content, thermal and storage stability, and juice yield during chokeberry juice production on pilot-plant scale. The two enzyme preparations applied predominantly possessed polygalacturonase or pectin lyase activity. Cell wall polysaccharide degradation was improved by US and resulted in a 3% increase in juice yield by UAEM using an enzyme preparation that shows mostly polygalacturonase activity. Thermostability of anthocyanins was improved in juices produced using pectin lyase and applying US and matched the stability of anthocyanins in juices produced using polygalacturonase. Storage stability of anthocyanins was improved in juice produced using polygalacturonase during UAEM. UAEM also resulted in lower yields of pomace making the production more resource-efficient. Overall, the use of polygalacturonase has promising potential to advance conventional chokeberry juice production by applying US at gentle conditions.
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Savici J, Boldura OM, Balta C, Muselin F, Mederle N, Cristina RT, Brezovan D. Effects of Aronia melanocarpa and Hypericum perforatum aqueous extracts on hexavalent chromium induced toxicity in rat's thyrocytes. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127151. [PMID: 36948046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium known as oxidizing agent is able to form reactive oxygen species. Aronia melanocarpa and Hypericum perforatum are two plants known for their antioxidant effects. Our study aimed to establish if CrVI induces apoptosis and structural changes in thyrocytes and if its effect can be counteracted by the administration of both extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats divided in five groups: C - distilled water (DW), Cr - 75 mg/L CrVI in DW for 3 months, Cr 2 - 75 mg/L CrVI in DW for 3 months followed by 1 month DW, CrA - 3 months 75 mg/L CrVI in DW and 1 month Aronia 2.5% extract, CrH - 3 months 75 mg/L CrVI in DW and 1 month Hypericum 2.5% extract. Histological assessment and qRT-PCR for evaluation of BAX and Bcl2 protein levels performed on thyroid samples. RESULTS The Cr and Cr2 groups were those with altered cytoarchitecture: increase in the diameter of many thyroid follicles, a decrease in their number, a decrease in the height of the follicular cells. The histological examination of the CrH group revealed almost recovery of structural architecture. The BAX gene levels were higher in the Cr and Cr2 groups indicating the apoptotic activity of chromium. In extract receiving groups the BAX gene expressions were significantly lower, but the lowest level presented the CrH group. Bcl2 gene expression levels indicate antiapoptotic activity being elevated in the Cr group, followed by CrA, Cr2, and CrH groups. The BAX/Bcl2 ratio which significantly increased in the case of the Cr and Cr2 group compared to the groups that were administered the two plant extracts. CONCLUSION The results obtained in this study confirm that CrVI has toxic effects on thyroid endocrine cells and H. perforatum has stronger antioxidant properties against the action of hexavalent chromium in thyrocytes than A. melanocarpa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Savici
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana-Maria Boldura
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Institute of Life Sciences, Romania
| | - Florin Muselin
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Narcisa Mederle
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Romeo Teodor Cristina
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Brezovan
- University of Life Sciences "King Michael I", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
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Nour V. Quality Characteristics, Anthocyanin Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Apple ( Malus domestica) and Black Chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa) Juice Blends. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2027. [PMID: 35956504 PMCID: PMC9370388 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Black chokeberries are a valuable source of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, but they are underutilized due to their unpalatable astringent taste. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of using black chokeberry juice as a health-promoting ingredient in apple juice with a view to develop a new functional food product and to increase the dietary consumption of bioactive compounds. Mixed juices were prepared from apple (A) juice and black chokeberry (BC) juice at 95:5 (ABC5), 90:10 (ABC10), 85:15 (ABC15), and 80:20 (ABC20) volumetric ratios. Comparative studies on the effect of heat treatment (90 °C, 10 min) and storage (four months, 20 °C) on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of apple, black chokeberry, and mixed juices were carried out. The soluble solids content, titratable acidity, total phenolic, total anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content, and antioxidant activity increased while the total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio decreased with increasing addition levels of BC juice. Mixing A juice with BC juice at 95:5 and 90:10 volumetric ratios improved the color and enhanced the palatability and general acceptability of the juice. The percentage losses of anthocyanins and polyphenols registered after heat treatment and storage increased with increasing addition levels of BC juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Nour
- Department of Horticulture & Food Science, University of Craiova, 13 AI Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania
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Abstract
The article examines the opportunity to use extracts and Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot fruit powders in the production of sugar confectionery for the substitution of synthetic dyes. In the technology of manufacturing confectionery masses, synthetic dyes are used that can cause various allergic reactions, as well as hyperactivity syndrome and lack of concentration in children. The composition of hydroalcoholic extracts was analyzed, and the metabolites of polyphenols, individual anthocyanins and organic acids were quantified. Antioxidant capacity and CIELab chromatic parameters were tested. The technology for manufacturing confectionary masses with extract and powder of aronia was developed. The sensory profile, physicochemical and microbiological quality parameters, antioxidant activity and color characteristics of the confectionary masses with the extract and powder of aronia addition were determined on the 1st and 50th day from the production date. The evolution of DPPH antioxidant activity of confectionery masses during storage was measured in vitro, in the conditions of gastric digestion. The results showed that Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot extract is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins, the main organic acids being represented by malic, citric, acetic and ascorbic acid. During the 50th storage day, the antioxidant activity was higher in confectionery masses containing aronia compared to the control. The sensory and microbiological testing of confectionary masses demonstrated that the combination of extract and aronia powder ensures the optimal shelf life and organoleptic scores. It was demonstrated that during the storage of confectionery masses with aronia, the physicochemical indicators of quality were in accordance with the regulated admissible values. Positive effects of aronia were observed on confectionery masses’ color saturation. These results underline the opportunity to use aronia extract and/or powder in confectionery industry to replace synthetic dyes and obtain products with enhanced functionality.
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Kaloudi T, Tsimogiannis D, Oreopoulou V. Aronia Melanocarpa: Identification and Exploitation of Its Phenolic Components. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144375. [PMID: 35889248 PMCID: PMC9316529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic components of Aronia melanocarpa were quantitatively recovered by three successive extractions with methanol. They comprise anthocyanins (mainly cyanidin glycosides) phenolic acids (chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids) and flavonols (quercetin glycosides). Approximately 30% of the total phenolic compounds are located in the peel and the rest in the flesh and seeds. Peels contain the major part of anthocyanins (73%), while the flesh contains the major part of phenolic acids (78%). Aronia juice, rich in polyphenols, was obtained by mashing and centrifugation, while the pomace residue was dried and subjected to acidified water extraction in a fixed bed column for the recovery of residual phenolics. A yield of 22.5 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry pomace was obtained; however, drying caused anthocyanins losses. Thus, their recovery could be increased by applying extraction on the wet pomace. The extract was encapsulated in maltodextrin and gum arabic by spray drying, with a high (>88%) encapsulation yield and efficiency for both total phenols and anthocyanins. Overall, fresh aronia fruits are a good source for the production of polyphenol-rich juice, while the residual pomace can be exploited, through water extraction and spray drying encapsulation for the production of a powder containing anthocyanins that can be used as a food or cosmetics additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Kaloudi
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece; (T.K.); (D.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsimogiannis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece; (T.K.); (D.T.)
- NFA (Natural Food Additives), Laboratory of Natural Extracts Development, 6 Dios st, Tavros, 17778 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Oreopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece; (T.K.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Olechno E, Puścion-Jakubik A, Zujko ME. Chokeberry (A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)—A Natural Product for Metabolic Disorders? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132688. [PMID: 35807867 PMCID: PMC9268775 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism of substances in the body can result in metabolic disorders which include obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or cancer. Foods rich in antioxidants can help to prevent and treat various types of disorders. Chokeberry fruits are rich in polyphenols, especially cyanidins, and therefore, can show a beneficial health effect. The aim of this study was to summarize and systematize reports about the effects of chokeberry on various metabolic parameters. Studies from 2000 to 2021, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. The review of studies shows that chokeberry may have a positive effect in dyslipidemia and hypertension and may increase the body’s antioxidant defense mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory effect, in turn, may translate into a reduction in the risk of metabolic disorders over a longer period of use. Changes in glucose levels were reported by studies in which the intervention lasted more than 10 weeks in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The effects of protecting the liver, inhibiting platelet aggregation, lowering uric acid levels, and having a protective effect on the kidneys require additional confirmation in human clinical trials. Consumption of chokeberry fruit did not impact on anthropometric measurements; however, it seems that chokeberry fruit can be recommended in many metabolic disorders due to the richness of bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Olechno
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland; (E.O.); (M.E.Z.)
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-54-69
| | - Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Białystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-295 Białystok, Poland; (E.O.); (M.E.Z.)
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Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Aronia melanocarpa L. Fruit Juices on Bulgarian Market. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131655. [PMID: 35807606 PMCID: PMC9269608 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aronia melanocarpa L. (black chokeberry), belonging to the Rosaceae family, contains high amounts of polyphenolics and therefore exhibits one of the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities among berry fruits. Chokeberries are used in the food industry for juice, nectar, and wine production and as colorants. We aimed to compare the phytochemical composition of three chokeberry juices commercially available in the local market as sources of beneficial phytochemicals. Using GC–MS and LC–MS/MS, we performed the identification and quantitation of polar compounds and polyphenolics. The concentrations of 13 amino acids, including 6 essential amino acids, 10 organic acids, 20 sugar alcohols and derivatives, 14 saccharides, 12 fatty acids and esters, and 38 polyphenols, were estimated. One of the analyzed juices had the highest polyphenolic content (5273.87 ± 63.16 µg/mL), possibly due to 2.9 times higher anthocyanin concentration compared to anthocyanins in other tested juices. This study provides new data concerning phytochemical composition in terms of amino acids, organic acids, sugar acids, fatty acids and their esters, and polyphenols as phytocomponents of commercially available chokeberry juices. Results show that after all processing techniques and possibly different plant growth conditions, chokeberry juices are a valuable source of health-promoting phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, pro-anthocyanins, and anthocyanins, thus considering them as functional foods. We demonstrated a diversity of the active substances in bioactive foods marketed as “same”; therefore, the standardized therapeutic effect could be expected only by the utilization of food supplements with guaranteed constant content.
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14
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Oun AA, Shin GH, Kim JT. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and pH-sensitive polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-based composite films with aronia extract, cellulose nanocrystals, and grapefruit seed extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:381-393. [PMID: 35654221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aronia or black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and grapefruit seed extract (GSE) were used for the preparation of multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CS) composite films with pH-sensitivity, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and UV-barrier properties. Aronia extract showed total phenolic content of 297 ± 0.5 μg GAE/mg aronia extract, potent antioxidant activity, and high color-response efficiency. Isolated CNCs showed a needle-like structure with a length of 470 nm and a width of 35 nm. The tensile strength of the PVA/CS composite film increased by 74% after the incorporation of CNCs, whereas the film flexibility was enhanced by 75% after adding GSE. The PVA/CS-A (aronia extract) composite film showed a significant color change at different pHs and potent antioxidant activity. At the same time, the PVA/CS-G (GSE) showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Listeria monocytogenes (Gram-positive) bacteria. The PVA/CS-CGA composite film, reinforced with CNCs/GSE/Aronia extract, showed the highest UV-barrier (95.5%), highest antioxidant activity (95%), potent antimicrobial activity, pH-sensitivity, lowest water vapor permeability (WVP), and desirable mechanical properties. The multifunctional properties of the produced composite films encourage their use as active and intelligent food packaging films to extend shelf life and monitor food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Oun
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gye Hwa Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Ren Z, Fang H, Zhang J, Wang R, Xiao W, Zheng K, Yu H, Zhao Y. Dietary Aronia melanocarpa Pomace Supplementation Enhances the Expression of ZO-1 and Occludin and Promotes Intestinal Development in Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:904667. [PMID: 35711808 PMCID: PMC9196908 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.904667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A fruit juice production byproduct, Aronia melanocarpa pomace (AMP) is rich in natural polyphenol antioxidant components. The objectives of this study were to study the effects of dietary AMP supplementation on the feeding outcome and intestinal barrier function of pigs. In total, 27 growing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, ~60 days, average weight of 27.77 ± 2.87 kg, males and females included at random) were randomly allotted to 3 treatment groups, with 3 repetitions per group and 3 pigs per repetition. At the experiment completion, 2 pigs (close to the average body weight of all experimental pigs) per replicate were slaughtered. The control group (CON group) was fed a basic diet, and the experimental groups were fed 4% (4% AMP group) and 8% (8% AMP group) AMP in the basic diet. These pigs were prefed for 3 days, and the formal experiments were performed for 7 weeks. The results showed that compared with the CON diet, the 4% AMP supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain of pigs (P < 0.05). Regarding intestinal development, 4% AMP significantly increased the jejunal villus height/crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05), and different AMP levels had no significant effect on the pig cecum morphology. Different AMP levels significantly decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). Regarding other microbial genera, 4% AMP supplementation significantly increased the levels of Lachnospira, Solobacterium, Romboutsia and other beneficial microorganisms (P < 0.05). Different AMP levels significantly decreased the relative abundances of the opportunistic pathogens Escherichia-Shigella and Pseudoscardovia (P < 0.05) and increased the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in the pig cecal contents (P < 0.05). Compared with the CON treatment, 4% AMP supplementation significantly downregulated the jejunal gene expression of porcine proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) and significantly upregulated the jejunal gene expression of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 4% AMP supplementation in feed is beneficial to overall pig health and growth.
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16
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Panchal SK, John OD, Mathai ML, Brown L. Anthocyanins in Chronic Diseases: The Power of Purple. Nutrients 2022; 14:2161. [PMID: 35631301 PMCID: PMC9142943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are mainly purple-coloured phenolic compounds of plant origin that as secondary metabolites are important in plant survival. Understanding their health benefits in humans requires sourcing these unstable compounds in sufficient quantities at a reasonable cost, which has led to improved methods of extraction. Dark-coloured fruits, cereals and vegetables are current sources of these compounds. The range of potential sustainable sources is much larger and includes non-commercialised native plants from around the world and agri-waste containing anthocyanins. In the last 5 years, there have been significant advances in developing the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in chronic human diseases. Anthocyanins exert their beneficial effects through improvements in gut microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammation, and modulation of neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-1. Their health benefits in humans include reduced cognitive decline; protection of organs such as the liver, as well as the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys; improvements in bone health and obesity; and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarises some of the sources of anthocyanins and their mechanisms and benefits in the treatment of chronic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Panchal
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia;
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Oliver D. John
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia; or
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols, from Mauritia flexuosa (Aguaje), Based on Controlled Dehydration. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103065. [PMID: 35630543 PMCID: PMC9145784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols offer several benefits for the prevention of diverse illnesses. Fruit’s edible and inedible parts (pulp, seeds, peels, stems, flowers) are important sources of polyphenols. Different industrial processes for fruit treatment and commercialization affect the total polyphenol content (TPC), and probably the biological activity. The purpose of the present work was to determine the TPC and antioxidant activity (by DPPH) of polyphenols extracted from the pulp and seeds of Mauritia flexuosa (aguaje), in fresh and dehydrated forms, in order to determine the possible connection with the quantity of polyphenols and their specific antioxidant activity. The highest phenolic content for M. flexuosa seeds in fresh form (non-dehydrated) was 270.75 mg GAE/100 g with a 96-h extraction. With respect to the dehydrated samples, the best yield was quantified in the 96-h dehydrated seed sample. For all pulp and seeds, dehydrated for 24, 48, and 96 h, TPC showed a slightly decreasing pattern. The DPPH results were the highest in the 96-h dehydrated samples and the differences among all dehydrated pulp and seed samples were minimal. More studies testing the presence of other antioxidant components could help in understanding the detailed antioxidant activity, and related more to the specific action, rather than only total polyphenol content.
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Olas B, Skalski B. Preparations from Various Organs of Sea Buckthorn ( Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson) as Important Regulators of Hemostasis and Their Role in the Treatment and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:991. [PMID: 35267966 PMCID: PMC8912734 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies on the chemical composition of various organs of sea buckthorn (Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson) have found the plant to be a rich source of vitamins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, fatty acids, and micro- and macro-elements. Furthermore, other studies on preparations from various organs have found them to have significant anti-cancer, anti-ulcer, and hepatoprotective properties, as well as various antibacterial and antiviral activities. This paper reviews the current literature concerning the effect of different sea buckthorn preparations, i.e., extracts and fractions with various chemical contents, on hemostasis, and their positive role in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. It also sheds new light on the mechanisms involved in their action on hemostasis both in vivo and in vitro. For these studies, biological materials, including blood platelets, plasma, and blood, were isolated from healthy subjects and those with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, it describes the cardioprotective potential of commercial products from different organs of sea buckthorn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland;
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Alternative Methods of Bioactive Compounds and Oils Extraction from Berry Fruit By-Products—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Berry fruit by-products are a source of polyphenol compounds and highly nutritious oils and can be reused to fulfill the requirements of the circular economy model. One of the methods of obtaining polyphenol-rich extracts or oils is extraction. Applying conventional solvent extraction techniques may be insufficient to reach high polyphenol or lipid fraction yields and selectivity of specific compounds. Alternative extraction methods, mainly ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, are ways to improve the efficiency of the isolation of bioactive compounds or oils from berry fruit by-products. Additionally, non-conventional techniques are considered as green extraction methods, as they consume less energy, solvent volume and time. The aim of this review is to summarize the studies on alternative extraction methods and their relationship to the composition of extracts or oils obtained from berry waste products.
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20
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The Beneficial Impact of the Black Chokeberry Extract against the Oxidative Stress in the Sublingual Salivary Gland of Rats Intoxicated with Cadmium. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:6622245. [PMID: 35003519 PMCID: PMC8741350 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6622245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful xenobiotics to which humans are exposed, mainly by the oral route, throughout life. Preventive strategies are searched as low intoxication with this element, among others due to its prooxidative properties, can be deleterious to health and the exposure to it is continuously increasing. Recently, interest has been paid to plant raw materials with a high antioxidative potential to oppose the prooxidative properties of cadmium, such as black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L. fruit), which is rich in polyphenolic compounds. The study was aimed at assessing whether the chokeberry extract may counteract the prooxidative impact of low-level and moderate repeated intoxication with cadmium on the sublingual salivary gland. The investigation was performed on 96 Wistar rats (females), which were treated with a 0.1% aqueous extract from chokeberries or/and a diet containing 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg for 3 and 10 months, and control animals. The intoxication with cadmium, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, attenuated the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative potential and increased the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and total oxidative status of the sublingual salivary gland resulting in an occurrence of oxidative stress, enhancement of lipid peroxidation, and oxidative injuries of proteins in this salivary gland. The treatment with the black chokeberry extract during the intoxication with cadmium prevented this xenobiotic-caused oxidative/reductive imbalance and oxidative modifications of proteins and lipids in the salivary gland. The above results allow the conclusion that the consumption of black chokeberry products during intoxication with cadmium can prevent oxidative stress and its consequences in the sublingual salivary gland and thus counteract the unfavourable impact of this xenobiotic on the oral cavity.
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21
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Pantelidou D, Gerogiannis K, Goula AM, Gonas C. Ultrasound-Assisted Osmotic Dehydration as a Method for Supplementing Potato with Unused Chokeberries Phenolics. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Marjanovic A, Djedjibegovic J, Lugusic A, Sober M, Saso L. Multivariate analysis of polyphenolic content and in vitro antioxidant capacity of wild and cultivated berries from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19259. [PMID: 34584202 PMCID: PMC8478928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity, total phenolics, total flavonoid, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins content of eight berry species, namely serviceberry, gooseberry, blackberry, black chokeberry, bilberry, red currant, black currant, and cornelian cherry harvested in the regions of Sarajevo and Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The antioxidant activity was determined by a battery of in vitro tests including DPPH radical assay, FRAP assay, ABTS assay, and phosphomolybdate test for total antioxidant capacity. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins ranged from 0.834 to 6.921 mg TAE (tannic acid equivalents), 0.081–0.673 mg of quercetin, and 0.162–3.247 mg of catechin per gram of fresh fruit, respectively. The water extract of fruits had considerable levels of tested constituents and antioxidant activity, with the highest results obtained for black chokeberry. The multivariate clustering analysis showed that water extracts of analyzed species of berries belong to four distinct types in terms of their antioxidants levels and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, these results support the opinion that employment of multiple antioxidant tests is indeed required for adequate in vitro assessment of antioxidant capacity. Results also emphasized the need for a more detailed evaluation of the fruit species with good antioxidant potential (relative to standards), such as cornelian cherry and gooseberry, which are abundant yet not frequently consumed in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Marjanovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Jasmina Djedjibegovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aida Lugusic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Miroslav Sober
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Effect of Addition of Chokeberry Juice Concentrate and Foaming Agent on the Physical Properties of Agar Gel. Gels 2021; 7:gels7030137. [PMID: 34563023 PMCID: PMC8482188 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of chokeberry juice concentrate (CJC) and foaming agent (egg albumin) with different percentages on the selected physical properties of agar gel. The agar gels with the addition of 5, 10, and 20% concentrations of chokeberry juice concentrate and with fructose addition were prepared. In addition, the foamed gels with different concentrations of egg albumin (in the range 0.5–2.0%) and CJC were produced. The water content, colour, density, hold-up and some mechanical and TPA (Texture Profile Analysis) descriptors as well some structural and acoustic emission parameters of non-aerated and foamed gels were analysed. The addition of CJC changed the colour of agar gel with fructose, the attractive appearance of the aerated gel was also linked with the addition of concentrate. The addition of 20% of CJC and foaming agent created samples with very low hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess, and the structure of the aerated samples was characterised by the larger bubble diameter and the wider distribution of their size. The more promising texture and structure properties were obtained for samples with aerated gels with 5 and 10% addition of chokeberry juice concentrate.
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Petrović M, Veljović S, Tomić N, Zlatanović S, Tosti T, Vukosavljević P, Gorjanović S. Formulation of Novel Liqueurs from Juice Industry Waste: Consumer Acceptance, Phenolic Profile and Preliminary Monitoring of Antioxidant Activity and Colour Changes During Storage. Food Technol Biotechnol 2021; 59:282-294. [PMID: 34759760 PMCID: PMC8542182 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.59.03.21.6759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
RESEARCH BACKGROUND Apple juice is one of the most popular and liked beverages worldwide. Due to the increased health consciousness among consumers, beetroot and chokeberry juices have also rising consumption trends. Despite representing a considerable percentage of the processed fruit and rich source of bioactive compounds, fruit pomace, remaining after juice production, has still been underutilised. Here, the possibility of using apple, beetroot and chokeberry pomace in liqueur formulations is investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Apple and chokeberry liqueurs were produced from apple and chokeberry pomace extracts, respectively. Apple/chokeberry and apple/beetroot liqueurs were obtained by combining apple pomace with chokeberry and beetroot pomace extracts in ratios 50:50 and 70:30, respectively. The sensory quality and acceptability of freshly prepared liqueurs were evaluated by experts and consumers. Sugars and phenolics were identified and quantified by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed-amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS), respectively. Storability was preliminarily evaluated based on monitoring of total phenolic concentration, antioxidant activity and colour each month during 6 months of storage at 4 and 22 °C. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The expert and the consumer testing indicated that apple and chokeberry pomace could be used as raw materials without any flavour corrections while apple/beetroot pomace liqueur would require modification. High total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were found in all freshly prepared liqueurs, with chokeberry liqueur being by far superior. Among identified phenolics, ellagic acid and phlorizin were quantified as the most prominent, except in chokeberry liqueur, where phlorizin was not quantified. Despite the decrease in total phenolic concentration and antioxidant activity after 6 months, liqueurs still represented a rich source of phytochemicals. The highest phenolic compound retention and antioxidant activity maintenance were observed in chokeberry liqueur. Also, the appealing colour was retained despite the changes detected in chromatic characteristics. NOVELTY AND SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION The possibility of apple, beetroot and chokeberry pomace restoration into the food chain by the production of liqueurs has been demonstrated for the first time. Functional and sensorial properties of newly developed liqueurs indicated that the selected pomace represents the promising raw material for liqueur production. The applied approach represents a contribution to the circular economy in juice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Petrović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Veljović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Tomić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Zlatanović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Stanislava Gorjanović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
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Poljak I, Vahčić N, Liber Z, Tumpa K, Pintar V, Zegnal I, Vidaković A, Valković B, Kajba D, Idžojtić M. Morphological and Chemical Diversity and Antioxidant Capacity of the Service Tree ( Sorbus domestica L.) Fruits from Two Eco-Geographical Regions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081691. [PMID: 34451736 PMCID: PMC8399663 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Service tree, Sorbus domestica L., is a rare and neglected wild fruit tree species of southern and central Europe. Being distributed in different eco-geographical regions, with fragmented and low-density populations, S. domestica represents an interesting model case for investigating patterns of within- and between-population diversity at geographical and environmental scales. This study aimed to analyze the proximate composition, antioxidant activity, and morphometric fruit characteristics. We examined the diversity and population divergences of 49 S. domestica individuals originating from seven populations across continental and Mediterranean eco-geographical regions. In addition, tests of isolation by distance and environment were performed to detect the magnitude of divergence explained by geographic and environmental variables. Significant differences between the studied populations were found in almost all of the studied morphometric and chemical fruit characteristics. The studied service tree populations were characterized by high phenotypic variation despite the low number of trees per population. Model-based population structure analysis using morphometric and chemical fruit characteristics revealed three groups of service tree populations. We concluded that non-effective pollen and seed dispersal along with genetic drift and specific environmental factors resulted in a distinct phenotype with a specific chemical composition in the isolated island population. In addition, a pattern of isolation by the environment was revealed. We infer that morphological and chemical differences between the studied populations in the true service tree from different eco-geographical regions were mediated by adaptation to the specific environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Poljak
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.T.); (A.V.); (D.K.); (M.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-235-2547
| | - Nada Vahčić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.V.); (B.V.)
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 9a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Tumpa
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.T.); (A.V.); (D.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Valentino Pintar
- Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, Institute for Environment and Nature, Nature Sector, Radnička Cesta 80, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Zegnal
- Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno Naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia;
| | - Antonio Vidaković
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.T.); (A.V.); (D.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Bernarda Valković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.V.); (B.V.)
| | - Davorin Kajba
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.T.); (A.V.); (D.K.); (M.I.)
| | - Marilena Idžojtić
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 23, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.T.); (A.V.); (D.K.); (M.I.)
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26
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Jurendić T, Ščetar M. Aronia melanocarpa Products and By-Products for Health and Nutrition: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071052. [PMID: 34209985 PMCID: PMC8300639 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to factors such as cultivar, fertilization, maturation or climate conditions, as well as the date of their harvest, chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) differ in their content of minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, fats, aroma compounds and especially polyphenols, substances exerting a beneficial impact on health. The total content of the most important ingredients, polyphenolic compounds, influence many proven chokeberry activities like antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, antiviral, anticancer, antiplatelet, antidiabetic and antiatherosclerotic, respectively. Polyphenolic compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, procyanidins and phenolic acids in different rates and amounts are responsible for all mentioned activities. In the human body, they undergo different biotransformative processes strengthening their bioactivity inside and outside cells. The popularity of chokeberry has been significant lately because of its effects on human health and not just because of its nutritional value. The main interest in this review has been refocused on the chokeberry benefits to human health, nutritional contribution of its components, particularly polyphenolic compounds, and its physiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Jurendić
- Bioquanta Ltd. for Research and Development, Trg Zlate Bartl 11/A, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-48-863-467
| | - Mario Ščetar
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Kasprzak-Drozd K, Oniszczuk T, Soja J, Gancarz M, Wojtunik-Kulesza K, Markut-Miotła E, Oniszczuk A. The Efficacy of Black Chokeberry Fruits against Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126541. [PMID: 34207143 PMCID: PMC8235034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have emphasized the association between a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and a lower frequency of occurrence of inflammatory-related disorders. Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) is a valuable source of biologically active compounds that have been widely investigated for their role in health promotion and cardiovascular disease prevention. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that consumption of these fruits is associated with significant improvements in hypertension, LDL oxidation, lipid peroxidation, total plasma antioxidant capacity and dyslipidemia. The mechanisms for these beneficial effects include upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, decreased oxidative stress, and inhibition of inflammatory gene expression. Collected findings support the recommendation of such berries as an essential fruit group in a heart-healthy diet. The aim of this review was to summarize the reports on the impact of black chokeberry fruits and extracts against several cardiovascular diseases, e.g., hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, as well as to provide an analysis of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of these fruits in the abovementioned disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (K.W.-K.)
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (A.O.)
| | - Jakub Soja
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marek Gancarz
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (K.W.-K.)
| | - Ewa Markut-Miotła
- Department of Lung Diseases & Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.-D.); (K.W.-K.)
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (A.O.)
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Stankiewicz B, Cieślicka M, Kujawski S, Piskorska E, Kowalik T, Korycka J, Skarpańska-Stejnborn A. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress balance in young footballers- a randomized double-blind trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:44. [PMID: 34098993 PMCID: PMC8185910 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive physical exercise that competitive sports athletes participate in can negatively affect their pro-oxidative-antioxidant balance. Compounds with high antioxidant potential, such as those present in chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), can prevent these adverse changes. We here investigated the effect of antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress balance in young footballers. METHODS The study was designed as a double-blind randomized trial. Diet of a group of young football players (male; n = 20; mean age, 15.8 years-old) was supplemented with 200 ml of chokeberry juice per day, for 7 weeks. The players were randomly assigned to the experimental (supplemented, FP-S; n = 12) and control (placebo, FB-C; n = 8) groups. Before and after the supplementation period, the participants performed a beep test. Venous blood was sampled for serum analysis before, immediately after, 3 h, and 24 h after the beep test. Serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive products, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, total antioxidant capacity, iron, hepcidin, ferritin, myoglobin, and albumin, and morphological blood parameters (red blood cells, (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT) mean corpuscular volume (MCV) mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and lactic acid) were determined. RESULTS Chokeberry juice supplementation did not significantly affect the outcome of the beep test. The supplementation did not significantly affect any of the morphological, biochemical, or performance parameters analysed. CONCLUSIONS Chokeberry juice supplementation did not affect the measured parameters in the studied population, which may indicate insufficient antioxidant capacity of the juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Stankiewicz
- Institute of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 2 Sportowa Str., 85-091, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mirosława Cieślicka
- Department of Physiology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza Str, 85-092, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kujawski
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Ergonomy and Postgraduate Education, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Curie Skłodowskiej Str., 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Piskorska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Curie Skłodowskiej Str., 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalik
- Institute of Physical Education, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 2 Sportowa Str., 85-091, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Justyna Korycka
- Institute of Food Sciences and Agrotechnics, University of Zielona Góra, Off-Campus Faculty in Sulechów, Pałac Kalsk - Kalsk 67, 66-100, Sulechów, Poland
| | - Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn
- Department of Morphological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wielkopolski, 13 Estkowskiego Str, 66-400, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland.
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Tasic N, Jakovljevic VLJ, Mitrovic M, Djindjic B, Tasic D, Dragisic D, Citakovic Z, Kovacevic Z, Radoman K, Zivkovic V, Bolevich S, Turnic TN. Black chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa extract reduces blood pressure, glycemia and lipid profile in patients with metabolic syndrome: a prospective controlled trial. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2663-2673. [PMID: 33666827 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of 4-week supplementation of Alixir 400 PROTECT® (Standardized Aronia L. Melanocarpa Extract Extract-SAE) on clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with confirmed metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was designed as a prospective open-label clinical case-series study with 28 days of follow-up with cases selected and followed during the period from February 1, 2018 to November 2019. The study included 143 male and female patients with MetS who were subjected to SAE. SAE supplementation significantly altered SP, BP as well as HR values. After 2 weeks, CHOL levels significantly decreased in the fMetS-DM group compared to the baseline values in this group, while the LDL levels significantly decreased in the fMetS group. Triglycerides significantly decreased only after 4 weeks of SAE treatment in diabetic groups of patients (fMetS-DM and mMetS-DM) compared to the baseline, while in non-diabetic groups this marker was not significantly altered. Increased polyphenols or SAE consumption is correlated with a positive effect on body weight, total cholesterol, low and high-density lipoproteins, blood pressure and glycemia. Increasing consumption of polyphenol-rich foods could be a promising strategy to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa Tasic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute "Dedinje", Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir L J Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Miroslav Mitrovic
- Pharmaceutical Company "Pharmanova", Generala Arnija 6, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Boris Djindjic
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Center Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 48, 18108, Nis, Serbia
| | - Danijela Tasic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute "Dedinje", Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dalibor Dragisic
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Center "Dr Dragisa Misovic", Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Citakovic
- Department of Cardiology, Health Center Uzice, Milosa Obrenovica 17, 31000, Uzice, Serbia
| | - Zorana Kovacevic
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute "Dedinje", Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Skąpska S, Marszałek K, Woźniak Ł, Szczepańska J, Danielczuk J, Zawada K. The Development and Consumer Acceptance of Functional Fruit-Herbal Beverages. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121819. [PMID: 33302360 PMCID: PMC7762522 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of functional beverages often requires a compromise between the palatability and high content of bio-active compounds. The purpose of this study was to elaborate on the fruit-herbal beverages with defined pro-health functions and evaluate their consumer acceptance. The beverages contained 80% of juices obtained from the fruits of aronia, rugosa rose, acerola, sea buckthorn, and cranberry. Each beverage was supplemented with different plant extracts which enhanced the designed functions of the beverage. The beverages were sweetened with sugar or with steviol glycosides, and were preserved by thermal pasteurization. The main groups of bio-active compounds and antioxidant capacity using ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC methods were analysed before and after pasteurization. The sensory acceptance was tested by 60 adult consumers who assessed the desirability of taste, odour, colour, and overall quality. Each beverage contained substantial amounts of polyphenols, including anthocyanins; rosehip-acerola and sea buckthorn beverages were also sources of vitamin C and carotenoids. All these components were stable under thermal treatment. Rosehip-acerola beverages had the highest antioxidant capacity, which was measured using all three methods exhibited. The highest level of consumer acceptance and willingness to purchase went to aronia beverages, while the sea buckthorn gained the lowest. There was no significant difference between the acceptance of beverages sweetened with sugar and stevia. Women and the 25- to 34-year-old consumer group rated the overall acceptability of the beverages slightly higher, although this was not reflected in their inclination to buy them. Attitude toward proper body mass and health had no influence on overall acceptance and willingness to complete the purchases. The main motivation for purchasing the functional beverages was their sensory acceptance, even if the consumers were informed of their potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Skąpska
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Str., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (Ł.W.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Krystian Marszałek
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Str., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (Ł.W.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Łukasz Woźniak
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Str., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (Ł.W.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Justyna Szczepańska
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Str., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (Ł.W.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Joanna Danielczuk
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Str., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (Ł.W.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Zawada
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Nistor M, Diaconeasa Z, Frond AD, Stirbu I, Socaciu C, Pintea A, Rugina D. Comparative efficiency of different solvents for the anthocyanins extraction from chokeberries and black carrots, to preserve their antioxidant activity. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Buda V, Brezoiu AM, Berger D, Pavel IZ, Muntean D, Minda D, Dehelean CA, Soica C, Diaconeasa Z, Folescu R, Danciu C. Biological Evaluation of Black Chokeberry Extract Free and Embedded in Two Mesoporous Silica-Type Matrices. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090838. [PMID: 32882983 PMCID: PMC7558869 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Black chokeberry fruits possess a wide range of biological activities, among which the most important that are frequently mentioned in the literature are their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and antimicrobial properties. The present paper reports, for the first time, the encapsulation of the ethanolic extract of Aronia melanocarpa L. fruits into two mesoporous silica-type matrices (i.e., pristine MCM-41 and MCM-41 silica decorated with zinc oxide nanoparticles). The aim of this work was to evaluate the antiradicalic capacity, the antimicrobial potential, and the effects on the cell viability on a cancer cell line (i.e., A375 human melanoma cell line) versus normal cells (i.e., HaCaT human keratinocytes) of black chokeberry extract loaded on silica-type matrices in comparison to that of the extract alone. The ethanolic polyphenolic extract obtained by conventional extraction was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC–PDA) and spectrophotometric methods. The extract was found to contain high amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as good radical scavenging activity. The extract-loaded materials were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermal analysis, and radical scavenger activity on solid samples. The black chokeberry extract, both free and loaded onto mesoporous silica-type matrices, exhibited a significant antioxidant capacity. Antibacterial activity was recorded only for Gram-positive bacteria, with a more potent antibacterial effect being observed for the extract loaded onto the ZnO-modified MCM-41 silica-type support than for the free extract, probably due to the synergistic effect of the ZnO nanoparticles that decorate the pore walls of silica. The cellular viability test (i.e., MTT assay) showed dose- and time-dependent activity regarding the melanoma cell line. The healthy cells were less affected than the cancer cells, with all tested samples showing good cytocompatibility at doses of up to 100 µg/mL. Improved in vitro antiproliferative and antimigratory (i.e., scratch assay) potential was demonstrated through the loading of black chokeberry extract into mesoporous silica-type matrices, and the screened samples exhibited low selectivity against the tested non-tumor cell line. Based on presented results, one can conclude that mesoporous silica-type matrices are good hosts for black chokeberry extract, increasing its antioxidant, antibacterial (on the screened strains), and in vitro antitumor (on the screened cell line) properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Buda
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ana-Maria Brezoiu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry & Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Berger
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry & Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (I.Z.P.); Tel.: +40-721-694-275 (D.B.); +40-256-494-604 (I.Z.P.)
| | - Ioana Zinuca Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (I.Z.P.); Tel.: +40-721-694-275 (D.B.); +40-256-494-604 (I.Z.P.)
| | - Delia Muntean
- Department of Microbiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Daliana Minda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş”, EftimieMurgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Codruta Soica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş”, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Folescu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeş”, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.); (C.D.)
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Grygorieva O, Vergun O, Klymenko S, Zhurba M, Horčinová Sedláčková V, Ivanišová E, Brindza J. Estimation of phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of leaves extracts of some selected non-traditional plants. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the research is the determination of the total antioxidant activity and the content of phenolic compounds of the leaves of 12 species of non-traditional plants, namely, Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roem., Aronia mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul., Castanea sativa Mill., Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Cornus mas L., Diospyros kaki L., Diospyros lotus L., Diospyros virginiana L., Lycium barbarum L., Lycium сhinense Mill., Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C.K. Schneid., Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Total phenolic content was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay. Antioxidant activity was measured using two different methods (DPPH – 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, MRAP – molybdenum reducing antioxidant power). Significant variability was observed in phenolic compounds content and total antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content ranged from 38.02 (Z. jujuba) to 80.58 (C. sativa) mg GAE.g-1 DM, total flavonoid content from 22.47 (P. sinensis) to 54.61 (L. barbarum) mg QE.g-1 DM and phenolic acids content from 3.51 (A. mitschurinii) to 24.67 (Ch. japonica) mg CAE.g-1 DM. All tested samples exhibited DPPH• radical scavenging activities with values from 6.92 (A. mitschurinii) to 9.0 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Antioxidant activity by molybdenum reducing antioxidant power method ranged from 109.43 (A. mitschurinii) to 322.95 (C. mas) mg TEAC.g-1 DM. Differences between the species of non-traditional plants were significant in all observed parameters. Obtained results of phytochemical composition demonstrated the possibility of leaves' use of non-traditional plants as sources of valuable bioactive compounds with health-promoting and disease-preventing properties.
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Vinogradova Y, Vergun O, Grygorieva O, Ivanišová E, Brindza J. Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in the fruits of Aronia spp. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chokeberry (Aronia Medik.) is a non-traditional fruit plant known as a rich source of biologically active compounds and inhibits the numerous biological activities. We compared the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of fruits between widely cultivated Aronia mitschurinii (AM-TCH, from Tchekhov district; AM-D, from Dmitrov district; AM-OZ, from Orekhovo-Zuevsky district of Moscow region, Russia) and introduced North American Aronia species (Aronia arbutifolia (AA-M), A. melanocarpa (AML-M), A. × prunifolia (AP-M), which have not been planted yet in the arboretum of Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). Studying samples were collected in their secondary distribution range. Ethanolic extracts were determined for antioxidant capacity (antioxidant activity by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods, the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids) and measured spectrophotometrically. As standards were used Trolox (TE) for antioxidant activities, gallic acid (GAE) for polyphenol content, quercetin (QE) for flavonoid content, caffeic acid (CAE) for phenolic acid content. The antioxidant activity by DPPH method in ethanol extracts of investigated plants was from 6.96 (AM-D) to 8.89 (AM-OZ) mg TE.g-1 DW. Reducing the power of investigated extracts exhibited activity from 151.47 (AM-OZ) to 297.8 (AA-M) mg TE.g-1 DW. The content of polyphenol compounds determined from 25.98 (AM-TCH) to 54.39 (AA-M) mg GAE.g-1 DW, phenolic acids content was from 7.76 (AP-M) to 11.87 (AM-D) mg CAE.g-1 DW and the content of flavonoids detected from 8.12 (AM-OZ) to 16.62 (AM-D) mg QE.-1 DW. Obtained data showed a strong correlation between the content of polyphenol compounds and reducing the power of extracts (r = 0.700), between flavonoids and phenolic acids (r = 0.771) and also between phenolic acids and reducing power (r = 0.753) in Aronia ethanol extracts. Fruits of investigated species of Aronia can be propagated as a source of polyphenol compounds with antioxidant activity and obtained results may use for farther pharmacological study.
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Ghendov-Mosanu A, Cristea E, Sturza R, Niculaua M, Patras A. Synthetic dye's substitution with chokeberry extract in jelly candies. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:4383-4394. [PMID: 33087952 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Matching the general trend of replacing synthetic additives with healthier natural products, the present research studies the effects of different concentrations of chokeberry extract which substitute carmoisine dye in jelly candies. Also, the colour and antioxidant properties of the aforementioned extract and their changes at various pH and in presence of different mineral salts from foods are analysed. The phenolic content of the extract was determined using HPLC and spectrophotometric methods. A high concentration of polyphenols was found in the chokeberry extract, of which around 97% were flavonoids. Catechin, epicatechin, ferulic acid and its methyl esther, protocatechuic, gallic and para-hydroxybenzoic acids were the major phenolics identified in the extract. The total antioxidant activity decreased in acidic media, while close-to-neutral and alkaline pH values did not exhibit any effect on this parameter. Furthermore, the green/red colour parameter, the chroma and the hue angle were enhanced in the most acidic media (pH 2.3 and 3.5). From the studied salts, CaCl2 and KNO3 had the most significant effects on colour. The chokeberry extract proved to be suitable as replacement of carmoisine dye in jelly candies, as the physicochemical and microbiological properties comply with the regulated requirements. More than that, the extract improved the antioxidant and sensory properties of jellies in all studied concentrations and the best total sensory score was obtained for 1.5% extract. After 5 and 50 days of storage, the microbiological properties were improved in candies prepared with aronia extracts compared to carmoisine, as the total viable count registered important diminutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona Ghendov-Mosanu
- Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St, 2045 Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Elena Cristea
- Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St, 2045 Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Rodica Sturza
- Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St, 2045 Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Marius Niculaua
- Research Center for Oenology, Iasi Branch, Romanian Academy, 9 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antoanela Patras
- "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
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Burdejova L, Tobolkova B, Polovka M. Effects of Different Factors on Concentration of Functional Components of Aronia and Saskatoon Berries. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:83-88. [PMID: 31848855 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of different factors on the content of phenolics, anthocyanins, antioxidants and colour parameters in two varieties of Aronia and three varieties of Saskatoon berries were evaluated. The berries were extracted by dynamic solvent extraction using three different solvents (water, 50% ethanol (v/v) and dimethyl sulfoxide) and subsequently analysed by ultraviolet visible near infrared spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance followed by chemometric analysis. The results obtained show that, dimethyl sulfoxide was the most appropriate for berries functional components isolation, and among the studied berries, Aronia exhibited the highest contents of phenolics. Besides that, varieties of Aronia melanocarpa Viking and of Amelanchier lamarckii Ballerina were selected as the cultivars with high contents of functional components. Satisfactory differentiation of berries was achieved according to extraction solvent, fruit type, variety and production years. The results obtained reveal that, phytochemical composition of Aronia and Saskatoon berries may vary depending on genotypic factors, climate, growing conditions as well as on extraction method used for their assessment. Sample processing, genotypic and seasonal factors had significant effect on the concentration of naturally occurring compounds in berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Burdejova
- Department of Fluid Phase Separations, Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Blanka Tobolkova
- Department of Chemistry and Food Analysis, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselna 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Polovka
- Department of Chemistry and Food Analysis, Food Research Institute, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Priemyselna 4, P. O. Box 25, 824 75, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Krusong W, Sriphochanart W, Suwapanich R, Mekkerdchoo O, Sriprom P, Wipatanawin A, Massa S. Healthy dried baby corn silk vinegar production and determination of its main organic volatiles containing antimicrobial activity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa L .-A Qualitative Composition, Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Potential. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203710. [PMID: 31619015 PMCID: PMC6832535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Black chokeberry (Aronia melnocarpa) is a source of many bioactive compounds with a wide spectrum of health-promoting properties. Fresh, unprocessed chokeberry fruits are rarely consumed due to their astringent taste, but they are used in the food industry for the production of juices, nectars, syrups, jams, preserves, wines, tinctures, fruit desserts, jellies, fruit teas and dietary supplements. Polyphenols are biofactors that determine the high bioactivity of chokeberries, some of the richest sources of polyphenols, which include anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. Chokeberry fruit and products have great antioxidant and health-promoting potential as they reduce the occurrence of free radicals. This publication reviewed the scientific research regarding the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant potential of chokeberry fruits, products and isolated compounds. These findings may be crucial in future research concerning chokeberry based functional food products. Chokeberry fruits can be considered as promising component of designed food with enhanced antioxidant potential. However, like other plants and medicinal products of natural origin, black chokeberry requires extensive studies to determine its antioxidant potential, safety and mechanisms of action.
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Food Preservative Capabilities of Grape (Vitis vinifera) and Clementine Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) By-products Extracts in South Africa. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11061746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The drive towards sustainable food systems coupled with increased consumer sophistication have prompted innovation in waste valorization. Grape and citrus processing by-products, abundant in the Mediterranean and tropical regions, respectively, are expanding and are sustainable sources of bioactive phytochemicals that can be used as natural preservatives for foods. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of extracts from grape pomace (GPE), seeds (GSE), and clementine mandarin peel and pulp (MPE) grown in South Africa were analyzed. Total phenols and carotenoids were highest in GPE followed by GSE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). Flavonoids and anthocyanins were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in GPE and GSE compared to MPE. The GSE had the highest proanthocyanidins content followed by GPE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). Ascorbic acid was only detected in MPE, which also had the highest titratable acidity and lowest pH values (p ≤ 0.05). The GSE had the highest antioxidant potency composite index followed by GPE and MPE (p ≤ 0.05). The order of antimicrobial activity of the extracts was MPE > GSE > GPE (p ≤ 0.05). Current findings show that GSE is a potential antioxidant while MPE holds promise as an antimicrobial for the food industry.
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Jakovljevic V, Milic P, Bradic J, Jeremic J, Zivkovic V, Srejovic I, Nikolic Turnic T, Milosavljevic I, Jeremic N, Bolevich S, Labudovic Borovic M, Mitrovic M, Vucic V. Standardized Aronia melanocarpa Extract as Novel Supplement against Metabolic Syndrome: A Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:E6. [PMID: 30577476 PMCID: PMC6337203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine the effects of different dietary strategies, high-fat (HFd) or standard diet (Sd) alone or in combination with standardized oral supplementation (0.45 mL/kg/day) of Aronia melanocarpa extract (SAE) in rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS). SAE is an official product of pharmaceutical company Pharmanova (Belgrade, Serbia); however, the procedure for extraction was done by EU-Chem company (Belgrade, Serbia). Rats were divided randomly into six groups: control with Sd, control with Sd and SAE, MetS with HFd, MetS with HFd and SAE, MetS with Sd and MetS with Sd and SAE during 4 weeks. At the end of the 4-week protocol, cardiac function and liver morphology were assessed, while in the blood samples glucose, insulin, iron levels and systemic redox state were determined. Our results demonstrated that SAE had the ability to lower blood pressure and exert benefits on in vivo and ex vivo heart function. Moreover, SAE improved glucose tolerance, attenuated pathological liver alterations and oxidative stress present in MetS. Obtained beneficial effects of SAE were more prominent in combination with changing dietary habits. Promising potential of SAE supplementation alone or in combination with different dietary protocols in triggering cardioprotection should be further examined in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Petar Milic
- Department of Pharmacy, High Medical School of Professional Studies in Cuprija, Lole Ribara 1/2, 35000 Cuprija, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Bradic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Isidora Milosavljevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Milica Labudovic Borovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Dj. Kostic", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotic 8, 11000 Belgrad, Serbia.
| | | | - Vesna Vucic
- Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Šic Žlabur J, Dobričević N, Galić A, Pliestić S, Voća S. The influence of natural sweetener ( Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) on bioactive compounds content in chokeberry juice. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Šic Žlabur
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
| | - Nadica Dobričević
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
| | - Ante Galić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
| | - Stjepan Pliestić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
| | - Sandra Voća
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture; University of Zagreb; Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia
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Šic Žlabur J, Dobričević N, Pliestić S, Galić A, Bilić DP, Voća S. Antioxidant Potential of Fruit Juice with Added Chokeberry Powder (Aronia melanocarpa). Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122158. [PMID: 29206179 PMCID: PMC6149817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of using chokeberry powder as a supplement in apple juice to increase the nutritional value of the final product with the aim of developing a new functional food product. Also, to determine the influence of ultrasound assisted extraction on the bioactive compounds content, nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of apple juice with added chokeberry powder. The juice samples with added chokeberry powder had higher antioxidant capacity, irrespective of the extraction technique used. Apple juice samples with added chokeberry powder treated with high intensity ultrasound had significantly higher content of all analyzed bioactive compounds. The application of high intensity ultrasound significantly reduced the extraction time of the plant material. A positive correlation between vitamin C content, total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins content and antioxidant capacity was determined in juice samples with added chokeberry powder treated with high intensity ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Šic Žlabur
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nadica Dobričević
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Stjepan Pliestić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ante Galić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Daniela Patricia Bilić
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sandra Voća
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Jurikova T, Mlcek J, Skrovankova S, Sumczynski D, Sochor J, Hlavacova I, Snopek L, Orsavova J. Fruits of Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa in the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Molecules 2017; 22:E944. [PMID: 28590446 PMCID: PMC6152740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, growing attention has been focused on the utilization of natural sources of antioxidants in the prevention of chronic diseases. Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) represents a lesser known fruit species utilized mainly as juices, purees, jams, jellies and wine, as important food colorants or nutritional supplements. The fruit is valued as a great source of antioxidants, especially polyphenols, such as phenolic acids (neochlorogenic and chlorogenic acids) and flavonoids (anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavanols and flavonols), particularly cyanidin-3-galactoside and cyanidin-3-arabinoside, as well as (-)-epicatechin units. The berries of A. melanocarpa, due to the presence and the high content of these bioactive components, exhibit a wide range of positive effects, such as strong antioxidant activity and potential medicinal and therapeutic benefits (gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antiproliferative or anti-inflammatory activities). They could be also contributory toward the prevention of chronic diseases including metabolic disorders, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, because of supportive impacts on lipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunde Jurikova
- Institute for teacher training, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Drazovska 4, Nitra SK-949 74, Slovakia.
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Sona Skrovankova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Daniela Sumczynski
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic.
| | - Irena Hlavacova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Snopek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Orsavova
- Language Centre, Faculty of Humanities, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, CZ-760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
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