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Zeng H, Lan B, Li B, Xie H, Zhao E, Liu X, Xue X, Sun J, Su L, Zhang Y. The role and mechanism of thrombospondin-4 in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. Respir Res 2024; 25:313. [PMID: 39154161 PMCID: PMC11330619 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to a special hemodynamic feature, pulmonary vascular disease in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) has two stages: reversible and irreversible. So far, the mechanism involved in the transition from reversible to irreversible stage is elusive. Moreover, no recognized and reliable assessments to distinguish these two stages are available. Furthermore, we found that compared with control and reversible PAH, thrombospondin-4 (THBS4) was significantly upregulated in irreversible group by bioinformatic analysis. Hence, we further verify and investigate the expression and role of THBS4 in PAH-CHD. METHODS We established the monocrotaline plus aorto-cava shunt-induced (MCT-AV) rat model. We measured the expression of THBS4 in lung tissues from MCT-AV rats. Double immunofluorescence staining of lung tissue for THBS4 and α-SMA (biomarker of smooth muscle cells) or vWF (biomarker of endothelial cells) to identify the location of THBS4 in the pulmonary artery. Primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were cultivated, identified, and used in this study. THBS4 was inhibited and overexpressed by siRNA and plasmid, respectively, to explore the effect of THBS4 on phenotype transformation, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of PASMCs. The effect of THBS4 on pulmonary vascular remodeling was evaluated in vivo by adeno-associated virus which suppressed THBS4 expression. Circulating level of THBS4 in patients with PAH-CHD was measured by ELISA. RESULTS THBS4 was upregulated in the lung tissues of MCT-AV rats, and was further upregulated in severe pulmonary vascular lesions. And THBS4 was expressed mainly in PASMCs. When THBS4 was inhibited, contractile markers α-SMA and MYH11 were upregulated, while the proliferative marker PCNA was decreased, the endothelial-mensenchymal transition marker N-cad was downregulated, proapototic marker BAX was increased. Additionally, proliferation and migration of PASMCs was inhibited and apoptosis was increased. Conversely, THBS4 overexpression resulted in opposite effects. And the impact of THBS4 on PASMCs was probably achieved through the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. THBS4 suppression attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling. Furthermore, compared with patients with simple congenital heart disease and mild PAH-CHD, the circulating level of THBS4 was higher in patients with severe PAH-CHD. CONCLUSIONS THBS4 is a promising biomarker to distinguish reversible from irreversible PAH-CHD before repairing the shunt. THBS4 is a potential treatment target in PAH-CHD, especially in irreversible stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Beidi Lan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingyi Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hang Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Enfa Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyan Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linjie Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yushun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Cheng Z, Li S, Yang S, Long H, Wu H, Chen X, Cheng X, Wang T. Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating immunity: a study based on artificial neural networks and single-cell sequencing. J Transl Med 2024; 22:658. [PMID: 39010084 PMCID: PMC11247783 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by the complex pathogenesis, limited therapeutic methods, and poor prognosis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays an important role in the development of HCC, therefore, we still need further study of molecular mechanism of HCC and ERS for early diagnosis and promising treatment targets. METHOD The GEO datasets (GSE25097, GSE62232, and GSE65372) were integrated to identify differentially expressed genes related to HCC (ERSRGs). Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning techniques were applied to screen ERSRGs associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, and an artificial neural network (ANN) diagnostic prediction model was constructed. The ESTIMATE algorithm was utilized to analyze the correlation between ERSRGs and the immune microenvironment. The potential therapeutic agents for ERSRGs were explored using the Drug Signature Database (DSigDB). The immunological landscape of the ERSRGs central gene PPP1R16A was assessed through single-cell sequencing and cell communication, and its biological function was validated using cytological experiments. RESULTS An ANN related to the ERS model was constructed based on SRPX, THBS4, CTH, PPP1R16A, CLGN, and THBS1. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model in the training set was 0.979, and the AUC values in three validation sets were 0.958, 0.936, and 0.970, respectively, indicating high reliability and effectiveness. Spearman correlation analysis suggests that the expression levels of ERSRGs are significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathways, indicating their potential as important targets for immunotherapy. Mometasone was predicted to be the most promising treatment drug based on its highest binding score. Among the six ERSRGs, PPP1R16A had the highest mutation rate, predominantly copy number mutations, which may be the core gene of the ERSRGs model. Single-cell analysis and cell communication indicated that PPP1R16A is predominantly distributed in liver malignant parenchymal cells and may reshape the tumor microenvironment by enhancing macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)/CD74 + CXCR4 signaling pathways. Functional experiments revealed that after siRNA knockdown, the expression of PPP1R16A was downregulated, which inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of HCCLM3 and Hep3B cells in vitro. CONCLUSION The consensus of various machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence neural networks has established a novel predictive model for the diagnosis of liver cancer associated with ERS. This study offers a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Cheng
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shuangmei Li
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huibao Long
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuxiang Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Shenzhen, 518003, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Genaro K, Luo ZD. Pathophysiological roles of thrombospondin-4 in disease development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:66-73. [PMID: 37391348 PMCID: PMC10753034 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) belongs to the extracellular matrix glycoprotein family of thrombospondins (TSPs). The multidomain, pentameric structure of TSP-4 allows its interactions with numerous extracellular matrix components, proteins and signaling molecules that enable its modulation to various physiological and pathological processes. Characterization of TSP-4 expression under development and pathogenesis of disorders has yielded important insights into mechanisms underlying the unique role of TSP-4 in mediating various processes including cell-cell, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, cell migration, proliferation, tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and synaptogenesis. Maladaptation of these processes in response to pathological insults and stress can accelerate the development of disorders including skeletal dysplasia, osteoporosis, degenerative joint disease, cardiovascular diseases, tumor progression/metastasis and neurological disorders. Overall, the diverse functions of TSP-4 suggest that it may be a potential marker or therapeutic target for prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of various pathological conditions upon further investigations. This review article highlights recent findings on the role of TSP-4 in both physiological and pathological conditions with a focus on what sets it apart from other TSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Genaro
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Care, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Z David Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Care, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Huang W, Paul D, Calin GA, Bayraktar R. miR-142: A Master Regulator in Hematological Malignancies and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2023; 13:84. [PMID: 38201290 PMCID: PMC10778542 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA whose dysregulation is frequently associated with the onset and progression of human cancers. miR-142, an ultra-conserved miRNA with both active -3p and -5p mature strands and wide-ranging physiological targets, has been the subject of countless studies over the years. Due to its preferential expression in hematopoietic cells, miR-142 has been found to be associated with numerous types of lymphomas and leukemias. This review elucidates the multifaceted role of miR-142 in human physiology, its influence on hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cells, and its intriguing involvement in exosome-mediated miR-142 transport. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive exploration of the genetic and molecular landscape of the miR-142 genomic locus, highlighting its mutations and dysregulation within hematological malignancies. Finally, we discuss potential avenues for harnessing the therapeutic potential of miR-142 in the context of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Huang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Doru Paul
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Carminati L, Carlessi E, Longhi E, Taraboletti G. Controlled extracellular proteolysis of thrombospondins. Matrix Biol 2023; 119:82-100. [PMID: 37003348 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Limited proteolysis of thrombospondins is a powerful mechanism to ensure dynamic tuning of their activities in the extracellular space. Thrombospondins are multifunctional matricellular proteins composed of multiple domains, each with a specific pattern of interactions with cell receptors, matrix components and soluble factors (growth factors, cytokines and proteases), thus with different effects on cell behavior and responses to changes in the microenvironment. Therefore, the proteolytic degradation of thrombospondins has multiple functional consequences, reflecting the local release of active fragments and isolated domains, exposure or disruption of active sequences, altered protein location, and changes in the composition and function of TSP-based pericellular interaction networks. In this review current data from the literature and databases is employed to provide an overview of cleavage of mammalian thrombospondins by different proteases. The roles of the fragments generated in specific pathological settings, with particular focus on cancer and the tumor microenvironment, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carminati
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elena Carlessi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elisa Longhi
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy.
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Wang G, Qu F, Zhou J, Zhu B, Gao Y. Elevated THBS3 predicts poor overall survival for clear cell renal cell carcinoma and identifies LncRNA/RBP/THBS3 mRNA networks. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:316-330. [PMID: 36045611 PMCID: PMC9851198 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2117910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was used to assess THBS3's overall survival (OS) prognostic values in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) as well as to determine the LncRNA/RNA binding protein (RBP)/THBS3 interactions. Clinical data and RNA sequencing data were gathered from the TCGA dataset. Significant pathways associated with THBS3 were identified by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Cox regression analyses, both univariate and multivariate, were applied to assess factors with independent prognostic abilities. We also discussed THBS3's relationship to immunity. We discovered that THBS3 expression was increased in ccRCC samples, as well as shorter OS in the TCGA dataset (P<0.05). External verification results in GSE6344, ICGC, ArrayExpress, UALCAN datasets, and qRT-PCR remained consistent (all P<0.05). Cox regression analyses, both univariate and multivariate, identified THBS3 as a factor with independent prognostic ability (both P<0.001). THBS3 expression as well as several clinicopathological variables were included in the nomogram OS prognosis prediction method as well. GSEA identified four THBS3-related signal pathways and THBS3 was revealed to be significantly associated with MSI, TMB, neoantigen, and immunity (all P<0.05). We also identified several LncRNA/RBP/THBS3 mRNA networks as potentially THBS3-related mechanisms. For THBS3-related drug sensitivities, THBS3 was negatively associated with Actinomycin D, Cobimetinib, Eribulin mesilate, Geldanamycin analog, and Vinblastine, while it was positively related to Erlotinib drug sensitivity. In addition to being an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC, THBS3 had a close connection to immunity, with identifying LncRNA/RBPs/THBS3 mRNA networks. Verifications of our findings in vivo and in vitro should be done in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Jianhu Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangfang Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jianhu Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jincai Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jianhu Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bingye Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yulong Gao
- Department of Urology, Jianhu Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
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Li L, Xun C, Yu CH. Role of microRNA-regulated cancer stem cells in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1985-1996. [PMID: 36618329 PMCID: PMC9813843 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i12.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the most common cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high rate of tumor recurrence, tumor dormancy, and drug resistance after initial successful chemotherapy or radiotherapy. A small subset of cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), exhibit stem cell characteristics and are present in various cancers, including HCC. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) often accompanies the occurrence and development of HCC. miRNAs can influence tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, and drug resistance by regulating CSCs properties, which supports their clinical utility in managing and treating HCC. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of miRNAs on CSCs in HCC with a special focus on their impact on HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Chen Xun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun-Hong Yu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Katzendorn O, Peters I, Dubrowinskaja N, Moog JM, Reese C, Tezval H, Faraj Tabrizi P, Hennenlotter J, Lafos M, Kuczyk MA, Serth J. DNA Methylation in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 Is Associated with Metastatic Disease in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010039. [PMID: 35008203 PMCID: PMC8750163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of DNA methylation in primary tumor tissues could be relevant for early stratification of aggressive renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) as a basis for future personalized adjuvant therapy. Methylated TCGA KIRC based candidate CpG loci in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 that are possibly associated with RCC metastasis were evaluated by pyrosequencing in 154 paired normal adjacent and primary tumor tissues, as well as in 202 metastatic tissues. Statistical analysis was carried out by bivariate logistic regression for group comparisons, log rank survival analysis, and unsupervised and supervised analysis for the classification of tumors. Increased methylation of INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 loci were significantly associated with distant metastasis in primary tumors (p < 0.05), tissue-specific hypermethylation in metastatic (p = 7.88 × 10-8, 5.57 × 10-10, 2.06 × 10-7) and tumor tissues (p = 3.72 × 10-24, 3.17 × 10-13, 1.58 × 10-19), and shortened progression free survival in patients (p = 0.03). Combined use of CpG site-specific methylation permits the discrimination of tissues with metastatic disease and reveals a significant contribution of CpG sites in all genes to the statistical classification model. Thus, metastasis in RCC is significantly associated with methylation alterations in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 loci, providing independent information for the potential early detection of aggressive renal cancers as a rationale for stratifying patients to adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Katzendorn
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Inga Peters
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Natalia Dubrowinskaja
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Joana M. Moog
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Christel Reese
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Hossein Tezval
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Pouriya Faraj Tabrizi
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Marcel Lafos
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Markus A. Kuczyk
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Jürgen Serth
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-6673
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Santorelli L, Stella M, Chinello C, Capitoli G, Piga I, Smith A, Grasso A, Grasso M, Bovo G, Magni F. Does the Urinary Proteome Reflect ccRCC Stage and Grade Progression? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2369. [PMID: 34943605 PMCID: PMC8700730 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due its ability to provide a global snapshot of kidney physiology, urine has emerged as a highly promising, non-invasive source in the search for new molecular indicators of disease diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance. In particular, proteomics represents an ideal strategy for the identification of urinary protein markers; thus, a urinomic approach could also represent a powerful tool in the investigation of the most common kidney cancer, which is clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Currently, these tumors are classified after surgical removal using the TNM and nuclear grading systems and prognosis is usually predicted based upon staging. However, the aggressiveness and clinical outcomes of ccRCC remain heterogeneous within each stratified group, highlighting the need for novel molecular indicators that can predict the progression of these tumors. In our study, we explored the association between the urinary proteome and the ccRCC staging and grading classification. The urine proteome of 44 ccRCC patients with lesions of varying severity was analyzed via label-free proteomics. MS data revealed several proteins with altered abundance according to clinicopathological stratification. Specifically, we determined a panel of dysregulated proteins strictly related to stage and grade, suggesting the potential utility of MS-based urinomics as a complementary tool in the staging process of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Santorelli
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Martina Stella
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulia Capitoli
- Centre of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy;
| | - Isabella Piga
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrew Smith
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Angelica Grasso
- Urology Unit, S. Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Grasso
- Urology Unit, S. Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy; (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Giorgio Bovo
- Pathology Unit, Vimercate Hospital, 20871 Vimercate, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (L.S.); (M.S.); (C.C.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
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Klaas M, Mäemets-Allas K, Heinmäe E, Lagus H, Cárdenas-León CG, Arak T, Eller M, Kingo K, Kankuri E, Jaks V. Thrombospondin-4 Is a Soluble Dermal Inflammatory Signal That Selectively Promotes Fibroblast Migration and Keratinocyte Proliferation for Skin Regeneration and Wound Healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:745637. [PMID: 34631719 PMCID: PMC8495264 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4) is a non-structural extracellular matrix molecule associated with tissue regeneration and a variety of pathological processes characterized by increased cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanisms of how THBS4 regulates cell behavior as well as the pathways contributing to its effects have remained largely unexplored. In the present study we investigated the role of THBS4 in skin regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. We found that THBS4 expression was upregulated in the dermal compartment of healing skin wounds in humans as well as in mice. Application of recombinant THBS4 protein promoted cutaneous wound healing in mice and selectively stimulated migration of primary fibroblasts as well as proliferation of keratinocytes in vitro. By using a combined proteotranscriptomic pathway analysis approach we discovered that β-catenin acted as a hub for THBS4-dependent cell signaling and likely plays a key role in promoting its downstream effects. Our results suggest that THBS4 is an important contributor to wound healing and its incorporation into novel wound healing therapies may be a promising strategy for treatment of cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariliis Klaas
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Elizabeth Heinmäe
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heli Lagus
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Wound Healing Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Terje Arak
- Surgery Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mart Eller
- Surgery Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Kingo
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Viljar Jaks
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
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11
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Kim MS, Ha SE, Wu M, Zogg H, Ronkon CF, Lee MY, Ro S. Extracellular Matrix Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179185. [PMID: 34502094 PMCID: PMC8430714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment composition and changes therein play an extremely important role in cancer development. Changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which constitutes a majority of the tumor stroma, significantly contribute to the development of the tumor microenvironment. These alterations within the ECM and formation of the tumor microenvironment ultimately lead to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. The ECM is composed of various molecules such as collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, and the MMPs that cleave these protein fibers and play a central role in tissue remodeling. When healthy cells undergo an insult like DNA damage and become cancerous, if the ECM does not support these neoplastic cells, further development, invasion, and metastasis fail to occur. Therefore, ECM-related cancer research is indispensable, and ECM components can be useful biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. Colorectal cancer specifically, is also affected by the ECM and many studies have been conducted to unravel the complex association between the two. Here we summarize the importance of several ECM components in colorectal cancer as well as their potential roles as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Se-Eun Ha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Hannah Zogg
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Charles F. Ronkon
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Moon-Young Lee
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.L.); (S.R.)
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12
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Chou K, Chang A, Ho C, Tsai T, Chen H, Chen P, Hwang TI. Thrombospondin-4 promotes bladder cancer cell migration and invasion via MMP2 production. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6046-6055. [PMID: 34142438 PMCID: PMC8406484 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urological tumour in Western countries. Approximately, 80% of patients with BC will present with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), whereas a quarter will have muscle invasive disease (MIBC) at the time of BC diagnosis. However, patients with NMIBC are at risk of BC recurrence or progression into MIBC, and an MIBC prognosis is determined by the presence of progression and metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), a type of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), plays a major role in tumour invasion and is well-characterized in BC prognosis. In BC, the mechanisms regulating MMP2 expression, and, in turn, promote cancer invasion, have hardly been explored. Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4/TSP4) is a matricellular glycoprotein that regulates multiple biological functions, including proliferation, angiogenesis, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix modelling. Based on the results of a meta-analysis in the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 database, we observed that TSP4 expression levels were consistent with overall survival (OS) rate and BC progression, with the highest expression levels observed in the advanced stages of BC and associated with poor OS rate. In our pilot experiments, incubation with recombinant TSP4 promoted the migration and invasion in BC cells. Furthermore, MMP2 expression levels increased after recombinant TSP4 incubation. TSP4-induced-MMP2 expression and cell motility were regulated via the AKT signalling pathway. Our findings facilitate further investigation into TSP4 silencing-based therapeutic strategies for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang‐Yu Chou
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgeryShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of UrologySchool of MedicineFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew TaipeiTaiwan
| | - An‐Chen Chang
- Translational Medicine CenterShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chao‐Yen Ho
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgeryShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of MedicineInstitute of Traditional MedicineNational Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Te‐Fu Tsai
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgeryShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of UrologySchool of MedicineFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hung‐En Chen
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgeryShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Po‐Chun Chen
- Translational Medicine CenterShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Health ScienceAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchChina Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Thomas I‐Sheng Hwang
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgeryShin‐Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of UrologySchool of MedicineFu‐Jen Catholic UniversityNew TaipeiTaiwan
- Department of UrologyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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Lin Y, Yao Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Cui H. PD-L1 and Immune Infiltration of m 6A RNA Methylation Regulators and Its miRNA Regulators in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5516100. [PMID: 34055974 PMCID: PMC8147529 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the relationship between the expression of m6A RNA methylation regulators and prognosis in HCC. METHODS We compared the expression of m6A methylation modulators and PD-L1 between HCC and normal in TCGA database. HCC samples were divided into two subtypes by consensus clustering of data from m6A RNA methylation regulators. The differences in PD-L1, immune infiltration, and prognosis between the two subtypes were further compared. The LASSO regression was used to build a risk score for m6A modulators. In addition, we identified miRNAs that regulate m6A regulators. RESULTS We found that fourteen m6A regulatory genes were significantly differentially expressed between HCC and normal. HCC samples were divided into two clusters. Of these, there are higher PD-L1 expression and poorer overall survival (OS) in cluster 1. There was a significant difference in immune cell infiltration between cluster 1 and cluster 2. Through the LASSO model, we obtained 12 m6A methylation regulators to construct a prognostic risk score. Compared with patients with a high-risk score, patients with a low-risk score had upregulated PD-L1 expression and worse prognosis. There was a significant correlation between risk score and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Finally, we found that miR-142 may be the important regulator for m6A RNA methylation in HCC. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that m6A RNA methylation modulators may affect the prognosis through PD-L1 and immune cell infiltration in HCC patients. In addition, the two clusters may be beneficial for prognostic stratification and improving immunotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Lin
- Department of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Nanyingzi Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yinhui Yao
- Department of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Nanyingzi Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Nanyingzi Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lingdi Wang
- Department of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Nanyingzi Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Haipeng Cui
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chengde Medical University, Anyuan Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde, Hebei, China
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Harada J, Miyata Y, Araki K, Matsuda T, Nagashima Y, Mukae Y, Mitsunari K, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Mochizuki Y, Sakai H. Pathological Significance and Prognostic Roles of Thrombospondin-3, 4 and 5 in Bladder Cancer. In Vivo 2021; 35:1693-1701. [PMID: 33910854 PMCID: PMC8193323 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The pathological significance of thrombospondin (TSP)-1 and -2 in bladder cancer (BC) is well-known whereas that of TSP-3, 4 and 5 remains unclear. Our aim is to clarify the pathological significance and prognostic roles of TSP-3 to 5 expression in BC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS TSP-3 to 5 expression, proliferation index (PI), apoptotic index (AI) and microvessel density (MVD) were evaluated in 206 BC patients by immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS TSP-5 expression was positively associated with grade, T stage, metastasis, and worse prognosis. PI in TSP-5-positive tissues was significantly higher compared to negative tissues. In contrast, AI in TSP-5-positive tissues was significantly lower compared to negative tissues. Expressions of TSP-3 and 4 were not associated with any clinicopathological features, survival, PI, or AI. CONCLUSION TSP-5 plays important roles in malignant behavior via cell survival regulation whereas the pathological significance of TSP-3 and TSP-4 in BC might be minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Harada
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kyohei Araki
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Matsuda
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nagashima
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuta Mukae
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kensuke Mitsunari
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsuo
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ohba
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Mochizuki
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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15
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Deng LY, Zeng XF, Tang D, Deng W, Liu HF, Xie YK. Expression and prognostic significance of thrombospondin gene family in gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:355-364. [PMID: 34012631 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombospondins (THBSs) are glycoproteins expressed in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and have critical roles in tumor development and metastasis. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic roles of distinct THBS genes in gastric cancer have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the expression patterns of THBSs in gastric cancer (GC) and determine whether they are prognostic markers for this malignancy. Methods mRNA expression status and genetic mutations of THBS family members were performed by using ONCOMINE, UCSC Xena browser, GEPIA, and cBioPortal databases. Prognostic values and function enrichment analysis of the members were assessed via Kaplan-Meier plotter and Metascape. Results we found that the mRNA expression of THBS1, THBS2, THBS4, and COMP were higher in patients with GC tissues than those in normal gastric mucosa and there was no difference in the mRNA expression of THBS3 between GC and normal tissue. Survival analysis revealed that mRNA levels of THBSs were strongly related to worse OS in GC patients (P<0.05). Overexpression of THBSs indicated poor OS in stage III/IV GC and high expression of THBS1, THBS3, THBS4, and COMP were related to worse OS in stage II GC. Conclusions Bioinformatics analysis revealed a better understanding the value of THBS family members in GC and suggest that THBSs might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Ying Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Fu Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of General Practice, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hong-Fu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Kang Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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16
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Time series expression pattern of key genes reveals the molecular process of esophageal cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222161. [PMID: 32068233 PMCID: PMC7048673 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most poorly diagnosed and fatal cancers in the world. Although a series of studies on esophageal cancer have been reported, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is still elusive. Aim: To investigate the molecular process of esophageal cancer comprehensively and deeply. Methods: Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different stages of esophageal cancer. Then exacting gene interaction modules and hub genes were identified in module interaction network. Further, though survival analysis, methylation analysis, pivot analysis, and enrichment analysis, some important molecules and related function or pathway were identified to elucidate potential mechanism in esophageal cancer. Results: A total of 7457 DEGs and 14 gene interaction modules were identified. These module genes were significantly involved in the positive regulation of protein transport, gastric acid secretion, insulin-like growth factor receptor binding and other biological processes (BPs), as well as p53 signaling pathway, ERBB signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Then, transcription factors (TFs) (including HIF1A) and ncRNAs (including CRNDE and hsa-mir-330-3p) significantly regulate dysfunction modules were identified. Further, survival analysis showed that GNGT2 was closely related to survival of esophageal cancer. And DEGs with strong methylation regulation ability were identified, including SST and SH3GL2. Conclusion: These works not only help us to reveal the potential regulatory factors in the development of disease, but also deepen our understanding of its deterioration mechanism.
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Ghobadi MZ, Emamzadeh R, Mozhgani SH. Deciphering microRNA-mRNA regulatory network in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; the battle between oncogenes and anti-oncogenes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247713. [PMID: 33630973 PMCID: PMC7906381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is virus-caused cancer that originates from the infection by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. ATLL dysregulates various biological pathways related to the viral infection and cancer progression through the dysexpression of miRNAs and mRNAs. In this study, the potential regulatory subnetworks were constructed aiming to shed light on the pathogenesis mechanism of ATLL. For this purpose, two mRNA and one miRNA expression datasets were firstly downloaded from the GEO database. Next, the differentially expressed genes and miRNAs (DEGs and DE-miRNAs, respectively), as well as differentially co-expressed gene pairs (DCGs), were determined. Afterward, common DEGs and DCGs targeted by experimentally validated DE-miRNAs were explored. The oncogenic and anti-oncogenic miRNA-mRNA regulatory subnetworks were then generated. The expression levels of four genes and two miRNAs were examined in the blood samples by qRT-PCR. The members of three oncogenic/anti-oncogenic subnetworks were generally enriched in immune, virus, and cancer-related pathways. Among them, FZD6, THBS4, SIRT1, CPNE3, miR-142-3p, and miR-451a were further validated by real-time PCR. The significant up-regulation of FZD6, THBS4, and miR-451a as well as down-regulation of CPNE3, SIRT1, and miR-142-3p were found in ATLL samples than normal samples. The identified oncogenic/anti-oncogenic subnetworks are pieces of the pathogenesis puzzle of ATLL. The ultimate winner is probably an oncogenic network that determines the final fate of the disease. The identified genes and miRNAs are proposed as novel prognostic biomarkers for ATLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rahman Emamzadeh
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Wu D, Pan Y, Zheng X. Identification of hub genes-based predictive model in hepatocellular carcinoma by robust rank aggregation and regression analysis. J Cancer 2021; 12:1884-1893. [PMID: 33753986 PMCID: PMC7974519 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Though various hub genes for HCC have been identified in decades, the limited sample size, inconsistent bioinformatic analysis methods and lacking evaluation in validation cohorts would make the results less reliable, novel biomarkers and risk model for HCC prognosis are still urgently desired. Methods: The Robust Rank Aggression method was applied to integrate 12 HCC microarray datasets to screen for robustly and stably differentially expressed candidates. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to construct a six hub genes-based prognostic model, which was further verified in matched tumor and non-tumor hepatic samples and two independent validation cohorts. Results: Six hub genes for HCC were identified including CD163, EHHADH, KIAA0101, SLC16A2, SPP1 and THBS4. The risk score according to hub genes-based prognostic model could be an independent predictive factor for HCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed significant difference in expression level between tumor and non-tumor hepatic tissues. Prognostic value of risk model has been verified in TCGA-HCC and GSE76240 datasets. Biological function analysis revealed these hub genes were closely associated with tumorigenesis processes. Conclusion: A novel six hub genes predictive risk model for HCC has been established based on multiple datasets analyses, providing novel features for the prediction of HCC patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Emergency, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xueyong Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
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Morishita A, Oura K, Tadokoro T, Fujita K, Tani J, Masaki T. MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030514. [PMID: 33572780 PMCID: PMC7866004 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers, and the prognosis for late-stage HCC remains poor. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of HCC is expected to improve outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs that regulate the expression of various target genes, including those in cancer-associated genomic regions or fragile sites in various human cancers. We summarize the central roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC and discuss their potential utility as valuable biomarkers and new therapeutic agents for HCC. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most frequent cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite substantial advances in therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of late-stage HCC remains dismal because of the high recurrence rate. A better understanding of the etiology of HCC is therefore necessary to improve outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs that modulate the expression of their target genes at the posttranscriptional and translational levels. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has frequently been detected in cancer-associated genomic regions or fragile sites in various human cancers and has been observed in both HCC cells and tissues. The precise patterns of aberrant miRNA expression differ depending on disease etiology, including various causes of hepatocarcinogenesis, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms and the association of miRNAs with the pathogenesis of HCC of various etiologies. In the present review, we summarize the key mechanisms of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC and emphasize their potential utility as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as innovative therapeutic targets, in HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Deng F, Zhai W, Yin Y, Peng C, Ning C. Advanced protein adsorption properties of a novel silicate-based bioceramic: A proteomic analysis. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:208-218. [PMID: 32913929 PMCID: PMC7451930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicate bioceramics have been shown to possess excellent cytocompatibility and osteogenic activity, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. Protein adsorption is the first event taking place at the biomaterial-tissue interface, which is vital to the subsequent cellular behavior and further influence the biomaterial-tissue interaction. In this work, the protein adsorption behavior of a novel CPS bioceramic was evaluated using the proteomics technology. The results showed that CPS adsorbed more amount and types of serum proteins than HA. FN1 and IGF1 proteins selected from proteomics results were validated by Western-blot experiment. Pathway analysis also revealed mechanistic insights how these absorbed proteins by CPS help mediate cell adhesion and promotes osteogenic activity. Firstly, the dramatically enhanced adsorption of FN1 could greatly promote cell adhesion and growth. Secondly, IGF1 was uniquely adsorbed on CPS bioceramic and IGF1 could activate Rap1 signaling pathway to promote cell adhesion. Thirdly, the increased adsorption of FN1, IGF1 and COL1A2 proteins on CPS explains its better ability on bone regeneration than HA. Fourthly, the increased adsorption of IGF1, CHAD, COL2A1 and THBS4 proteins on CPS explains its ability on cartilage formation. Lastly, the increased adsorption of immunological related proteins on CPS may also play a positive role in bone regeneration. In addition, CPS had a much better cell adhesion ability than HA, proving that more adsorbed proteins really had a positive effect on cell behavior. The more adsorbed proteins on CPS than HA might indicated a better bone regeneration rate at early stage of implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Wanyin Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yue Yin
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Congqin Ning
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
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Sun W, Fu S, Wu S, Tu R. Growing Evidence of Exosomal MicroRNA-Related Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4501454. [PMID: 33313314 PMCID: PMC7719499 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4501454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the prominent cause of death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the mechanisms behind HCC metastasis are not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRs) can regulate gene expression and affect HCC metastasis. Exosomes can transport miRs and other cargoes to and from different cells, thus being associated with tumour-distant metastasis. Exosomal miRs involve different processes of HCC metastasis through their functional effects, such as their induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and distant niche. In this review, data from the literature were analysed and summarised, with a focus on the evidence extraction of exosomal miRs in HCC metastasis with the purpose of increasing the understanding of the mechanisms behind HCC metastasis and acquiring implications for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, China
| | - Shuqi Fu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, China
| | - Size Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, China
| | - Rong Tu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, China
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22
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Molecular and Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218362. [PMID: 33171811 PMCID: PMC7664704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major subtype. Viral hepatitis B and C infections, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders are multiple risk factors for liver cirrhosis and HCC development. Although great therapeutic advances have been made in recent decades, the prognosis for HCC patients remains poor due to late diagnosis, chemotherapy failure, and frequent recurrence. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs that regulate various molecular biological phenomena by suppressing the translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs, which often become dysregulated in malignancy, control cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and development in HCC by promoting or suppressing tumors. Exploring the detailed mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated HCC development and progression can likely improve the outcomes of patients with HCC. This review summarizes the molecular and functional roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HCC. Further, it elucidates the utility of miRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Muppala S, Rahman MT, Krukovets I, Verbovetskiy D, Pluskota E, Fleischman A, Vince DG, Plow EF, Stenina-Adognravi O. The P387 thrombospondin-4 variant promotes accumulation of macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions. FASEB J 2020; 34:11529-11545. [PMID: 32686880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901434rrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) is a pro-angiogenic protein that has been implicated in tissue remodeling and local vascular inflammation. TSP4 and, in particular, its SNP variant, P387 TSP4, have been associated with cardiovascular disease. Macrophages are central to initiation and resolution of inflammation and development of atherosclerotic lesions, but the effects of the P387 TSP4 on macrophages remain essentially unknown. We examined the effects of the P387 TSP4 variant on macrophages in cell culture and in vivo in a murine model of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the levels and distributions of the two TSP4 variants were assessed in human atherosclerotic arteries. In ApoE- /- /P387-TSP4 knock-in mice, lesions size measured by Oil Red O did not change, but the lesions accumulated more macrophages than lesions bearing A387 TSP4. The levels of inflammatory markers were increased in lesions of ApoE- / - /P387-TSP4 knock-in mice compared to ApoE- / - mice. Lesions in human arteries from individuals carrying the P387 variant had higher levels of TSP4 and higher macrophage accumulation. P387 TSP4 was more active in supporting adhesion of cultured human and mouse macrophages in experiments using recombinant TSP4 variants and in cells derived from P387-TSP4 knock-in mice. TSP4 supports the adhesion of macrophages and their accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions without changing the size of lesions. P387 TSP4 is more active in supporting these pro-inflammatory events in the vascular wall, which may contribute to the increased association of P387 TSP4 with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santoshi Muppala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Irene Krukovets
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dmitriy Verbovetskiy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elzbieta Pluskota
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aaron Fleischman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - D Geoffrey Vince
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Edward F Plow
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Olga Stenina-Adognravi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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24
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Liu Z, Lin Y, Gao X, Mai R, Piao X, Ye J, Liang R. Construction of a Comprehensive Multiomics Map of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Screening of Possible Driver Genes. Front Genet 2020; 11:634. [PMID: 32670354 PMCID: PMC7330124 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex process involving genetic mutations, epigenetic variation, and abnormal gene expression. However, a comprehensive multiomics investigation of HCC is lacking, and the available multiomics evidence has not led to improvements in clinical practice. Therefore, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the development of HCC through an integrative analysis of multiomics data obtained at multiple levels to provide innovative perspectives and a new theoretical basis for the early diagnosis, personalized treatment and medical guidance of HCC. Methods: In this study, we collected whole-exome sequencing data, RNA (mRNA and miRNA) sequencing data, DNA methylation array data, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We analyzed the copy number variation (CNV) in HCC using GISTIC2. MutSigCV was applied to identify significantly mutated genes (SMGs). Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the clusterProfiler package in R software. The prognostic values of discrete variables were estimated using Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Results: By analyzing the HCC data in TCGA, we constructed a comprehensive multiomics map of HCC. Through copy number analysis, we identified significant amplification at 29 loci and significant deletions at 33 loci. A total of 13 significant mutant genes were identified. In addition, we also identified three HCC-related mutant signatures, and among these, signature 22 was closely related to exposure to aristolochic acids. Subsequently, we analyzed the methylation level of HCC samples and identified 51 epigenetically silenced genes that were significantly associated with methylation. The differential expression analysis identified differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs in HCC samples. Based on the above-described results, we identified a total of 93 possible HCC driver genes, which are driven by mutations, methylation, and CNVs and have prognostic value. Conclusion: Our study reveals variations in different dimensions of HCC. We performed an integrative analysis of genomic signatures, single nucleotide variants (SNVs), CNVs, methylation, and gene expression in HCC. Based on the results, we identified HCC possible driver genes that might facilitate prognostic prediction and support decision making with regard to the choice of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Rongyun Mai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemin Piao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jiazhou Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Guo D, Zhang D, Ren M, Lu G, Zhang X, He S, Li Y. THBS4 promotes HCC progression by regulating ITGB1 via FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:10668-10681. [PMID: 32567740 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000043r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our research aims to identify the role of thrombospondin 4 (THBS4) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). First, bioinformatic analysis was applied for detection the expression of THBS4 in HCC samples, and qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to explore the expression of THBS4 in HCC tissues and adjacent samples. Next, colony formation assay and cell viability assay were used to assess the function of THBS4 on HCC cells growth while transwell assay and scratch test were for metastasis. Meanwhile Xenograft tumor models were further conducted to verify the function of THBS4 in HCC. As for mechanism in deep, we investigated the influence of THBS4 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) development and the interaction between THBS4 and integrin (ITG) family using multiple experiments, including western blot, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation (IP). As a result, our research discovered that the overexpression of THBS4 in both HCC patients' tissues and cell lines mediates HCC cells proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. In-depth, THBS4 regulated EMT progression and interacted with ITG family to modulate FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, THBS4 as an oncogene interacts with integrinβ1 (ITGB1) to regulate HCC development via FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Mudan Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yarui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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Effects of thrombospondin-4 on pro-inflammatory phenotype differentiation and apoptosis in macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:53. [PMID: 31974349 PMCID: PMC6978349 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) attracted renewed attention recently as a result of assignment of new functions to this matricellular protein in cardiovascular, muscular, and nervous systems. We have previously reported that TSP-4 promotes local vascular inflammation in a mouse atherosclerosis model. A common variant of TSP-4, P387-TSP-4, was associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in human population studies. In a mouse atherosclerosis model, TSP-4 had profound effect on accumulation of macrophages in lesions, which prompted us to examine its effects on macrophages in more detail. We examined the effects of A387-TSP-4 and P387-TSP-4 on mouse macrophages in cell culture and in vivo in the model of LPS-induced peritonitis. In tissues and in cell culture, TSP-4 expression was associated with inflammation: TSP-4 expression was upregulated in peritoneal tissues in LPS-induced peritonitis, and pro-inflammatory signals, INFγ, GM-CSF, and LPS, induced TSP-4 expression in macrophages in vivo and in cell culture. Deficiency in TSP-4 in macrophages from Thbs4−/− mice reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory macrophage markers, suggesting that TSP-4 facilitates macrophage differentiation into a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Expression of TSP-4, especially more active P387-TSP-4, was associated with higher cellular apoptosis. Cultured macrophages displayed increased adhesion to TSP-4 and reduced migration in presence of TSP-4, and these responses were further increased with P387 variant. We concluded that TSP-4 expression in macrophages increases their accumulation in tissues during the acute inflammatory process and supports macrophage differentiation into a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In a model of acute inflammation, TSP-4 supports pro-inflammatory macrophage apoptosis, a response that is closely related to their pro-inflammatory activity and release of pro-inflammatory signals. P387-TSP-4 was found to be the more active form of TSP-4 in all examined functions.
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27
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Liu GM, Ji X, Lu TC, Duan LW, Jia WY, Liu Y, Sun ML, Luo YG. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified core molecular processes in esophageal cancer and revealed GNGT2 as a potential prognostic marker. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6890-6901. [PMID: 31908393 PMCID: PMC6938725 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i48.6890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the most poorly diagnosed and fatal cancers in the world. Although a series of studies on esophageal cancer have been reported, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive.
AIM To investigate comprehensively the molecular process of esophageal cancer.
METHODS Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different stages of esophageal cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Exacting gene interaction modules were generated, and hub genes in the module interaction network were found. Further, through survival analysis, methylation analysis, pivot analysis, and enrichment analysis, some important molecules and related functions/pathways were identified to elucidate potential mechanisms in esophageal cancer.
RESULTS A total of 7457 DEGs and 14 gene interaction modules were identified. These module genes were significantly involved in the positive regulation of protein transport, gastric acid secretion, insulin-like growth factor receptor binding, and other biological processes as well as p53 signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor signaling pathway, and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Transcription factors (including hypoxia inducible factor 1A) and non-coding RNAs (including colorectal differentially expressed and hsa-miR-330-3p) that significantly regulate dysfunction modules were identified. Survival analysis showed that G protein subunit gamma transducin 2 (GNGT2) was closely related to survival of esophageal cancer. DEGs with strong methylation regulation ability were identified, including SST and SH3GL2. Furthermore, the expression of GNGT2 was evaluated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, and the results showed that GNGT2 expression was significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer patient samples and cell lines. Moreover, cell counting kit-8 assay revealed that GNGT2 could promote the proliferation of esophageal cancer cell lines.
CONCLUSION This study not only revealed the potential regulatory factors involved in the development of esophageal cancer but also deepens our understanding of its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Min Liu
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuan Ji
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Lu
- Life Sciences College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Wei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Jia
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mao-Lei Sun
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yun-Gang Luo
- Jilin Provincial Medicine Anti-Tumor Engineering Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
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Kuroda K, Yashiro M, Sera T, Yamamoto Y, Kushitani Y, Sugimoto A, Kushiyama S, Nishimura S, Togano S, Okuno T, Tamura T, Toyokawa T, Tanaka H, Muguruma K, Ohira M. The clinicopathological significance of Thrombospondin-4 expression in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224727. [PMID: 31703077 PMCID: PMC6839882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thrombospondin-4 [1] is an extracellular glycoprotein involved in wound healing and tissue remodeling. Although THBS4 is reportedly frequently expressed in solid tumors, there are few reports of the clinicopathological features of carcinomas with THBS4 expression. We evaluated the clinicopathologic significance of THBS4 expression in gastric carcinoma (GC). Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 584 GC patients. The expression of THBS4 in each tumor was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We then divided the patients into the THBS4-high (n = 223, 38.2%) group and THBS4-low (n = 361, 61.8%) group. THBS4 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), normal-associated fibroblasts (NFs) and gastric cancer cell lines was examined by western blotting. Results THBS4 is expressed on stromal cells with αSMA or Podoplanin expression in the GC microenvironment, but not expressed on cancer cells with cytokeratin expression. The western blot analysis results showed that CAFs (but not NFs and cancer cells) expressed THBS4. Compared to the THBS4-low expression status, the THBS4-high expression status was correlated with higher αSMA expression, higher invasion depth, lymph-node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, peritoneal cytology, peritoneal metastasis, larger tumor size, microscopic diffuse type, and the macroscopic diffuse infiltrating type. The THBS4-high group's 5-year overall survival rate was significantly poorer than that of the THBS4-low group. A multivariate analysis revealed that THBS4 expression was an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion THBS4 is expressed on CAFs in the gastric cancer microenvironment. THBS4 from CAFs is associated with the metastasis of cancer cells, and is a useful prognostic indicator for gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomohiro Sera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Yurie Yamamoto
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Yukako Kushitani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Syuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okuno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muguruma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka city, Japan
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Pulati N, Zhang Z, Gulimilamu A, Qi X, Yang J. HPV16+‐miRNAs in cervical cancer and the anti‐tumor role played by miR‐5701. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3126. [PMID: 31498525 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nuerbieke Pulati
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Zegao Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Aireti Gulimilamu
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Xiaoli Qi
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyPeople's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi Xinjiang China
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30
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Chen X, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wu Q, Hong S, Huang Z. THBS4 predicts poor outcomes and promotes proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:117-123. [PMID: 30746617 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a common and lethal cancer in the world, has a high risk of metastasis. Our study was to explore the effects of THBS4 on GC progress and metastasis and the underlying mechanisms. The proliferations of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells were analyzed via cell count, MTT, and soft agar colony formation assay. The migration and invasion of transfected GC cells was investigated via transwell migration and invasion assay. The mRNA abundance of THBS4 and KLF9 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE26253) suggested that THBS4 was up-regulated in recurrent GC patients and was positively correlated with the increase in pathological stage and poor prognosis in GC. THBS4 stimulated the proliferations of GC cells. Moreover, THBS4 overexpression fostered the migration and invasion of GC cells. Further, the bioinformatics analysis of the cancer genome atlas dataset suggested that there may be a positive correlation between THBS4 and KLF9 expression. QPCR analysis proved that transfected with THBS4 overexpression plasmid enhanced KLF9 expression in GC cells. THBS4 mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells compared to those in non-tumoral gastric cells. KLF9 overexpression significantly stimulated the proliferation and metastasis of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells. Besides, KLF9 siRNA inhibited the enhanced viability, migration, and invasion of MGC-803 cells caused by the transfection with THBS4 overexpression plasmid. In conclusion, THBS4 had positive effects on GC proliferation and metastasis via targeting KLF9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Chen
- Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yisen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shunzhong Hong
- Endoscopy Center, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zicheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
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Abstract
Vascular remodeling defines cancer growth and aggressiveness. Although cancer cells produce pro-angiogenic signals, the fate of angiogenesis critically depends on the cancer microenvironment. Composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and tumor inflammation determine whether a cancer will remain dormant, will be recognized by the immune system and eliminated, or whether the tumor will develop and lead to the spread and metastasis of cancer cells. Thrombospondins (TSPs), a family of ECM proteins that has long been associated with the regulation of angiogenesis and cancer, regulate multiple physiological processes that determine cancer growth and spreading, from angiogenesis to inflammation, metabolic changes, and properties of ECM. Here, we sought to review publications that describe various functions of TSPs that link these proteins to regulation of cancer growth by modulating multiple physiological and pathological events that prevent or support tumor development. In addition to its direct effects on angiogenesis, TSPs have important roles in regulation of inflammation, immunity, ECM properties and composition, and glucose and insulin metabolism. Furthermore, TSPs have distinct roles as regulators of remodeling in tissues and tumors, such that the pathways activated by a single TSP can interact and influence each other. The complex nature of TSP interactions and functions, including their different cell- and tissue-specific effects, may lead to confusing results and controversial conclusions when taken out of the context of interdisciplinary and holistic approaches. However, studies of TSP functions and roles in different systems of the organism offer an integrative view of tumor remodeling and a potential for finding therapeutic targets that would modulate multiple complementary processes associated with cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santoshi Muppala
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, USA
| | - Jasmine Gajeton
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, USA
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Xu X, Tao Y, Shan L, Chen R, Jiang H, Qian Z, Cai F, Ma L, Yu Y. The Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:3557-3569. [PMID: 30310513 PMCID: PMC6171016 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, leading to the second cancer-related death in the global. Although the treatment of HCC has greatly improved over the past few decades, the survival rate of patients is still quite low. Thus, it is urgent to explore new therapies, especially seek for more accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are pivotal participants and regulators in the development and progression of HCC. Great progress has been made in the studies of miRNAs in HCC. The key regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs include proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance and autophagy in HCC. And exosomal miRNAs also play important roles in proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in HCC by regulating gene expression in the target cells. In addition, some miRNAs, including exosomal miRNAs, can be as potential diagnostic and prediction markers in HCC. This review summarizes the latest researches development of miRNAs in HCC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
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Yu Q, Xiang L, Yin L, Liu X, Yang D, Zhou J. Loss-of-function of miR-142 by hypermethylation promotes TGF-β-mediated tumour growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2017; 50:e12384. [PMID: 28963738 PMCID: PMC6529086 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypermethylation-induced epigenetic silencing of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) are frequent events during carcinogenesis. MicroRNA-142 (miR-142) is found to be dysregulated in cancer patients to participate into tumour growth, metastasis and angiogenesis. However, the tumour suppressive role of miR-142 and the status of methylation are not fully understood in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and corresponding non-neoplastic tissues were collected. The expression and function of miR-142 and TGF-β in two HCC cell lines were determined. The miRNA-mRNA network of miR-142 was analysed in HCC cell lines. RESULTS We found that the miR-142 expression was reduced in tumour tissues and two HCC cell lines HepG2 and SMMC7721, which correlated to higher TNM stage, metastasis and differentiation. Moreover, miR-142 was identified to directly target and inhibit transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), leading to decreased cell vitality, proliferation, EMT and the ability of pro-angiogenesis in TGF-β-dependent manner. Interestingly, the status of methylation of miR-142 was analysed and the results found the hypermethylated miR-142 in tumour patients and cell lines. The treatment of methylation inhibitor 5-Aza could restore the expression of miR-142 to suppress the TGF-β expression, which impaired TGF-β-induced tumour growth. CONCLUSION These findings implicated that miR-142 was a tumour suppressor gene in HCC and often hyermethylated to increase TGF-β-induced development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangfeng Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe Second Hospital of LongyanLongyanChina
| | - Leyang Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Libo Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryChangzhou No. 2 People's HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Xincheng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Dinghua Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryNanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianyin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryZhongshan HospitalXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
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Stenina-Adognravi O, Plow EF. Thrombospondin-4 in tissue remodeling. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:300-313. [PMID: 29138119 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) belongs to the thrombospondin protein family that consists of five highly homologous members. A number of novel functions have been recently assigned to TSP-4 in cardiovascular and nervous systems, inflammation, cancer, and the motor unit, which have attracted attention to this extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. These newly discovered functions set TSP-4 apart from other thrombospondins. For example, TSP-4 promotes angiogenesis while other TSPs either prevent it or have no effect on new blood vessel growth; TSP-4 reduces fibrosis and collagen production while TSP-1 and TSP-2 promote fibrosis in several organs; unlike other TSPs, TSP-4 appears to have some structural functions in ECM. The current information about TSP-4 functions in different organs and physiological systems suggests that this evolutionary conserved protein is a major regulator of the extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and production and tissue remodeling during the embryonic development and response to injury. In this review article, we summarize the properties and functions of TSP-4 and discuss its role in tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Stenina-Adognravi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Edward F Plow
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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