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Song B, Wang X, Qin L, Hussain S, Liang W. Brain gliomas: Diagnostic and therapeutic issues and the prospects of drug-targeted nano-delivery technology. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107308. [PMID: 39019336 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor, with severe difficulty in treatment and a low patient survival rate. Due to the heterogeneity and invasiveness of tumors, lack of personalized clinical treatment design, and physiological barriers, it is often difficult to accurately distinguish gliomas, which dramatically affects the subsequent diagnosis, imaging treatment, and prognosis. Fortunately, nano-delivery systems have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities in diagnosing and treating gliomas in recent years. They have been modified and surface modified to efficiently traverse BBB/BBTB, target lesion sites, and intelligently release therapeutic or contrast agents, thereby achieving precise imaging and treatment. In this review, we focus on nano-delivery systems. Firstly, we provide an overview of the standard and emerging diagnostic and treatment technologies for glioma in clinical practice. After induction and analysis, we focus on summarizing the delivery methods of drug delivery systems, the design of nanoparticles, and their new advances in glioma imaging and treatment in recent years. Finally, we discussed the prospects and potential challenges of drug-delivery systems in diagnosing and treating glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqin Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
| | - Lijing Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Shehbaz Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Wanjun Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Hu B, Zou B, Xu Y. Advancements in nanomedicine delivery systems: unraveling immune regulation strategies for tumor immunotherapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024:1-20. [PMID: 39011582 DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2374230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the significant role of nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) in enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Focusing on the integration of NDDS with immune regulation strategies, it explores their transformative impacts on the tumor microenvironment and immune response dynamics. Key advancements include the optimization of drug delivery through NDDS, targeting mechanisms like immune checkpoint blockade and modulating the immunosuppressive tumor environment. Despite the progress, challenges such as limited clinical efficacy and complex manufacturing processes persist. The review emphasizes the need for further research to optimize these systems, potentially revolutionizing cancer treatment by improving delivery efficiency, reducing toxicity and overcoming immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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3
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Xu Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Pan B, Zhu M, Wang T, Xu W, Li L, Wei Y, Wu J, Zhou X. Construction of a TAN-associated risk score model with integrated multi-omics data analysis and clinical validation in gastric cancer. Life Sci 2024; 349:122731. [PMID: 38782354 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS An increasing number of studies have highlighted the biological significance of neutrophil activation and polarization in tumor progression. However, the characterization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) is inadequately investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients' expression profiles were obtained from TCGA, GEO, and IMvigor210 databases. Six algorithms were used to assess immune cell infiltration. RNA sequencing was conducted to evaluate the differentially expressed genes between induced N1- and N2-like neutrophils. A TAN-associated risk score (TRS) model was established using a combination of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and RNA-seq data and further assessed in pan-cancer. A clinical cohort of 117 GC patients was enrolled to assess the role of TANs in GC via immunohistochemistry (IHC). KEY FINDINGS A TRS signature was built with 10 TAN-related genes (TRGs) and most TRGs were highly abundant in the TANs of the GC microenvironment. The TRS model could accurately predict patients' prognosis, as well as their responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The TRS was positively correlated with pro-tumor immune cells and exhibited negative relationship with anti-tumor immune cells. Additional functional analyses revealed that the signature was positively related to pro-tumor and immunosuppression pathways, such as the hypoxia pathway, across pan-cancer. Furthermore, our clinical cohort demonstrated TANs as an independent prognostic factor for GC patients. SIGNIFICANCE This study constructed and confirmed the value of a novel TRS model for prognostic prediction of GC and pan-cancer. Further evaluation of TRS and TANs will help strengthen the understanding of the tumor microenvironment and guide more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangdi Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaping Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Bihui Pan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China.
| | - Jiazhu Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223812, China..
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4
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Wu Q, Mao H, Jiang Z, Tang D. Tumour-associated neutrophils: Potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. Immunology 2024; 172:343-361. [PMID: 38402904 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumour of the digestive system with poor therapeutic response and low survival rates. Immunotherapy has rapidly developed in recent years and has achieved significant outcomes in numerous malignant neoplasms. However, responses to immunotherapy in PC are rare, and the immunosuppressive and desmoplastic tumour microenvironment (TME) significantly hinders their efficacy in PC. Tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) play a crucial role in the PC microenvironment and exert a profound influence on PC immunotherapy by establishing a robust stromal shelter and restraining immune cells to assist PC cells in immune escape, which may subvert the current status of PC immunotherapy. The present review aims to offer a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in understanding the involvement of TANs in PC desmoplastic and immunosuppressive functions and to emphasise the potential therapeutic implications of focusing on TANs in the immunotherapy of this deleterious disease. Finally, we provide an outlook for the future use of TANs in PC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Wu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Han Mao
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
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Tumbath S, Jiang L, Li X, Zhang T, Zahid KR, Zhao Y, Zhou H, Yin Z, Lu T, Jiang S, Chen Y, Chen X, Fu YX, Huang X. β-Lapachone promotes the recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) toward an antitumor (N1) phenotype in NQO1-positive cancers. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2363000. [PMID: 38846085 PMCID: PMC11155710 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2363000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is overexpressed in most solid cancers, emerging as a promising target for tumor-selective killing. β-Lapachone (β-Lap), an NQO1 bioactivatable drug, exhibits significant antitumor effects on NQO1-positive cancer cells by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) and enhancing tumor immunogenicity. However, the interaction between β-Lap-mediated antitumor immune responses and neutrophils, novel antigen-presenting cells (APCs), remains unknown. This study demonstrates that β-Lap selectively kills NQO1-positive murine tumor cells by significantly increasing intracellular ROS formation and inducing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), resulting in DNA damage. Treatment with β-Lap efficiently eradicates immunocompetent murine tumors and significantly increases the infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) into the tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays a crucial role in the drug's therapeutic efficacy. Further, the presence of β-Lap-induced antigen medium leads bone marrow-derived neutrophils (BMNs) to directly kill murine tumor cells, aiding in dendritic cells (DCs) recruitment and significantly enhancing CD8+ T cell proliferation. β-Lap treatment also drives the polarization of TANs toward an antitumor N1 phenotype, characterized by elevated IFN-β expression and reduced TGF-β cytokine expression, along with increased CD95 and CD54 surface markers. β-Lap treatment also induces N1 TAN-mediated T cell cross-priming. The HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88 signaling cascade influences neutrophil infiltration into β-Lap-treated tumors. Blocking this cascade or depleting neutrophil infiltration abolishes the antigen-specific T cell response induced by β-Lap treatment. Overall, this study provides comprehensive insights into the role of tumor-infiltrating neutrophils in the β-Lap-induced antitumor activity against NQO1-positive murine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Tumbath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Taolan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zhijun Yin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shu Jiang
- Division of public health sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yaomin Chen
- Indiana University Health Pathology Laboratory, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Huang X, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Sivak L, Heger Z, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K. Neutrophils in Cancer immunotherapy: friends or foes? Mol Cancer 2024; 23:107. [PMID: 38760815 PMCID: PMC11102125 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a Janus-faced role in the complex landscape of cancer pathogenesis and immunotherapy. As immune defense cells, neutrophils release toxic substances, including reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinase 9, within the tumor microenvironment. They also modulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and Fas ligand, augmenting their capacity to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Their involvement in antitumor immune regulation synergistically activates a network of immune cells, bolstering anticancer effects. Paradoxically, neutrophils can succumb to the influence of tumors, triggering signaling cascades such as JAK/STAT, which deactivate the immune system network, thereby promoting immune evasion by malignant cells. Additionally, neutrophil granular constituents, such as neutrophil elastase and vascular endothelial growth factor, intricately fuel tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms that guide neutrophils to collaborate with other immune cells for comprehensive tumor eradication is crucial to enhancing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. In this review, we illuminate the underlying mechanisms governing neutrophil-mediated support or inhibition of tumor progression, with a particular focus on elucidating the internal and external factors that influence neutrophil polarization. We provide an overview of recent advances in clinical research regarding the involvement of neutrophils in cancer therapy. Moreover, the future prospects and limitations of neutrophil research are discussed, aiming to provide fresh insights for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies targeting neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Sivak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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7
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Zhang Y, Hu J, Zhang X, Liang M, Wang X, Gan D, Li J, Lu X, Wan J, Feng S, Lu X. Protein Signature Differentiating Neutrophils and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Determined Using a Human Isogenic Cell Line Model and Protein Profiling. Cells 2024; 13:795. [PMID: 38786019 PMCID: PMC11119164 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an essential role in suppressing the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes in solid tumors, thus representing an attractive therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the differences in protein expression between MDSCs and their physiological counterparts, particularly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), remain inadequately characterized, making the specific identification and targeting of MDSCs difficult. PMNs and PMN-MDSCs share markers such as CD11b+CD14-CD15+/CD66b+, and some MDSC-enriched markers are emerging, such as LOX-1 and CD84. More proteomics studies are needed to identify the signature and markers for MDSCs. Recently, we reported the induced differentiation of isogenic PMNs or MDSCs (referred to as iPMNs and iMDSCs, respectively) from the human promyelocytic cell line HL60. Here, we profiled the global proteomics and membrane proteomics of these cells with quantitative mass spectrometry, which identified a 41-protein signature ("cluster 6") that was upregulated in iMDSCs compared with HL60 and iPMN. We further integrated our cell line-based proteomics data with a published proteomics dataset of normal human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived MDSCs induced by cancer-associated fibroblasts. The analysis identified a 38-protein signature that exhibits an upregulated expression pattern in MDSCs compared with normal monocytes or PMNs. These signatures may provide a hypothesis-generating platform to identify protein biomarkers that phenotypically distinguish MDSCs from their healthy counterparts, as well as potential therapeutic targets that impair MDSCs without harming normal myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jin Hu
- Mass Spectrometry & Metabolomics Core Facility, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xiashiyao Zhang
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Minzhi Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Xuechun Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Dailin Gan
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Xuemin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shan Feng
- Mass Spectrometry & Metabolomics Core Facility, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46556, USA
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8
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Li C, Wang L, Zhang K, Wang Z, Li Z, Li Z, Chen L. Overcoming neutrophil-induced immunosuppression in postoperative cancer therapy: Combined sialic acid-modified liposomes with scaffold-based vaccines. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100906. [PMID: 38595333 PMCID: PMC11002593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising approach for preventing postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis. However, inflammatory neutrophils, recruited to the postoperative tumor site, have been shown to exacerbate tumor regeneration and limit the efficacy of cancer vaccines. Consequently, addressing postoperative immunosuppression caused by neutrophils is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. This study presents a combined chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy that employs a biocompatible macroporous scaffold-based cancer vaccine (S-CV) and a sialic acid (SA)-modified, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded liposomal platform (DOX@SAL). The S-CV contains whole tumor lysates as antigens and imiquimod (R837, Toll-like receptor 7 activator)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as immune adjuvants for cancer, which enhance dendritic cell activation and cytotoxic T cell proliferation upon localized implantation. When administered intravenously, DOX@SAL specifically targets and delivers drugs to activated neutrophils in vivo, mitigating neutrophil infiltration and suppressing postoperative inflammatory responses. In vivo and vitro experiments have demonstrated that S-CV plus DOX@SAL, a combined chemo-immunotherapeutic strategy, has a remarkable potential to inhibit postoperative local tumor recurrence and distant tumor progression, with minimal systemic toxicity, providing a new concept for postoperative treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zhihang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zehao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
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9
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Zhang J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Ma F, Wang F. A novel tumor-associated neutrophil gene signature for predicting prognosis, tumor immune microenvironment, and therapeutic response in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5339. [PMID: 38438469 PMCID: PMC10912776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can promote tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the molecular signature that predict the prognosis and immune response of breast cancer (BRCA) based on TAN-related gene (TANRG) expression data. The RNA-seq data of BRCA were gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for selecting prognostic genes. A neo-TAN-related risk signature was constructed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to validate the signature in GEO cohorts and the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. We constructed an independent prognostic factor model with 11 TANRGs. The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the TCGA training cohorts for 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival were 0.72, 0.73, and 0.73, respectively. The AUCs of the GEO test cohorts for 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival were 0.83, 0.89, and 0.94 (GSE25066) and 0.67, 0.69, and 0.73 (GSE58812), respectively. The proportion of immune subtypes differed among the different risk groups. The IC50 values differed significantly between risk groups and can be used as a guide for systemic therapy. The prognostic model developed by TANRGs has excellent predictive performance in BRCA patients. In addition, this feature is closely related to the prediction of survival, immune activity and treatment response in BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Zhang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Xinbo Wang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Zhonglai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Fuyi Ma
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China.
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10
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Aisha S, Malik F. Unveiling the mechanisms and challenges of cancer drug resistance. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:109. [PMID: 38347575 PMCID: PMC10860306 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment faces many hurdles and resistance is one among them. Anti-cancer treatment strategies are evolving due to innate and acquired resistance capacity, governed by genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, metabolic, or microenvironmental cues that ultimately enable selected cancer cells to survive and progress under unfavorable conditions. Although the mechanism of drug resistance is being widely studied to generate new target-based drugs with better potency than existing ones. However, due to the broader flexibility in acquired drug resistance, advanced therapeutic options with better efficacy need to be explored. Combination therapy is an alternative with a better success rate though the risk of amplified side effects is commonplace. Moreover, recent groundbreaking precision immune therapy is one of the ways to overcome drug resistance and has revolutionized anticancer therapy to a greater extent with the only limitation of being individual-specific and needs further attention. This review will focus on the challenges and strategies opted by cancer cells to withstand the current therapies at the molecular level and also highlights the emerging therapeutic options -like immunological, and stem cell-based options that may prove to have better potential to challenge the existing problem of therapy resistance. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar-190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar-190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Shariqa Aisha
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar-190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar-190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
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11
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Qin J, Wei F, Ren X. Neutrophils in the era of single-cell RNA sequencing: functions and targeted therapies in cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2024; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0012. [PMID: 38318923 PMCID: PMC10845925 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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12
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Himcinschi ME, Uscatescu V, Gherghe G, Stoian I, Vlad A, Popa DC, Coriu D, Anghel A. The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Outcome of Malignant Epitheliomas: Significance of CA215 Involvement. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:328. [PMID: 38337844 PMCID: PMC10855654 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were originally discovered as a part of the innate immune response of the host to bacteria. They form a web-like structure that can immobilize microorganisms or exhibit direct antimicrobial properties, such as releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). NETs are established when neutrophils undergo a sort of cellular death following exposure to ROS, chemokines, cytokines, or other soluble factors. This process results in the release of the neutrophil's DNA in a web-like form, which is decorated with citrullinated histones (H3/H4-cit), neutrophil elastase (NE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Emerging studies have put into perspective that NETs play an important role in oncology as they were shown to influence tumor growth, malignant initiation, and proliferation, mediate the transition from endothelial to mesenchymal tissue, stimulate angiogenesis or metastasis, and can even help cancer cells evade the immune response. The role of NETs in cancer therapy resides in their ability to form and act as a mechanical barrier that will provide the primary tumor with a reduced response to irradiation or pharmaceutical penetration. Subsequently, cancer cells are shown to internalize NETs and use them as a strong antioxidant when pharmaceutical treatment is administered. In this review, we explored the role of NETs as part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), in the context of malignant epitheliomas, which are capable of an autonomous production of CA215, a subvariant of IgG, and part of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) superfamily. Studies have shown that CA215 has a functional Fc subdivision able to activate the Fc-gamma-RS receptor on the surface of neutrophils. This activation may afterward stimulate the production of NETs, thus indicating CA215 as a potential factor in cancer therapy surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Emanuel Himcinschi
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.E.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Valentina Uscatescu
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania (D.C.)
| | - Georgiana Gherghe
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania (D.C.)
| | - Irina Stoian
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adelina Vlad
- Department of Functional Sciences I/Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruța Popa
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania (D.C.)
| | - Daniel Coriu
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania (D.C.)
| | - Andrei Anghel
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (M.E.H.); (A.A.)
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13
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Liang Y, Xu Q, Gao Q. Advancing CAR-based immunotherapies in solid tumors: CAR- macrophages and neutrophils. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1291619. [PMID: 38090576 PMCID: PMC10715261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages and neutrophils are the main components of the innate immune system and play important roles in promoting angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, cancer cell proliferation, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME). They can also be harnessed to mediate cytotoxic tumor killing effects and orchestrate effective anti-tumor immune responses with proper stimulation and modification. Therefore, macrophages and neutrophils have strong potential in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly outlined the applications of macrophages or neutrophils in adoptive cell therapies, and focused on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered macrophages (CAR-Ms) and neutrophils (CAR-Ns). We summarized the construction strategies, the preclinical and clinical studies of CAR-Ms and CAR-Ns. In the end, we briefly discussed the limitations and challenges of CAR-Ms and CAR-Ns, as well as future research directions to extend their applications in treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Liang
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qumiao Xu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Feng C, Li Y, Tai Y, Zhang W, Wang H, Lian S, Jin-Si-Han EEMBK, Liu Y, Li X, Chen Q, He M, Lu Z. A neutrophil extracellular traps-related classification predicts prognosis and response to immunotherapy in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19297. [PMID: 37935721 PMCID: PMC10630512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been categorized as a form of inflammatory cell death mode of neutrophils (NETosis) involved in natural immunity and the regulation of adaptive immunity. More and more studies revealed the ability of NETs to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) by limiting antitumor effector cells, which may impair the efficacy of immunotherapy. To explore whether NETs-related genes make vital impacts on Colon carcinoma (COAD), we have carried out a systematic analysis and showed several findings in the present work. First, we obtained the patient's data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset, aiming to detect two NETs-associated subtypes by consensus clustering. For the purpose of annotating the roles of NETs-related pathways, gene ontology enrichment analyses were adopted. Next, we constructed a 6 novel NETs-related genes score using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression model. We found that the NETs risk score was notably upregulated in COAD patient samples, and its levels were notably correlated with tumor clinicopathological and immune traits. Then, according to NETs-associated molecular subtypes and the risk signature, this study compared immune cell infiltration calculated through the estimate, CIBERSORT, TIMER, ssGSEA algorithms, tumor immune dysfunction, as well as exclusion (TIDE). Furthermore, we confirm that MPO(myeloperoxidase) was significantly upregulated in COAD patient samples, and its levels were significantly linked to tumor malignancy and clinic outcome. Moreover, multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) spatial analysis confirmed that MPO was closely related to Treg and PD-1 + Treg in spatial location which suggested MPO may paly an important role in TIME formation. Altogether, the obtained results indicated that a six NETs-related genes prognostic signature was conducive to estimating the prognosis and response of chemo-/immuno-therapy of COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Feng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Tai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Sun Yat-Senen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaopu Lian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - E-Er-Man-Bie-Ke Jin-Si-Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Department of Cardiology General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, No. 359 Youhao North Road, Saybak District, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qifeng Chen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Liver Cancer Study and Service Group, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Meng He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenhai Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Zhong J, Zong S, Wang J, Feng M, Wang J, Zhang H, Xiong L. Role of neutrophils on cancer cells and other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119493. [PMID: 37201766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The notion that neutrophils only perform a specific set of single functions in the body has changed with the advancement of research methods. As the most abundant myeloid cells in human blood, neutrophils are currently emerging as important regulators of cancer. Given the duality of neutrophils, neutrophil-based tumor therapy has been clinically carried out in recent years and has made some progress. But due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, the therapeutic effect is still not satisfactory. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the direct interaction of neutrophils with the five most common cancer cells and other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Also, this review covered current limitations, potential future possibilities, and therapeutic approaches targeting neutrophil function in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Siwen Zong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jiayang Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mingrui Feng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian province university, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330066, China.
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian province university, Xiamen 361023, China.
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17
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Zeng S, Tang Q, Xiao M, Tong X, Yang T, Yin D, Lei L, Li S. Cell membrane-coated nanomaterials for cancer therapy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100633. [PMID: 37128288 PMCID: PMC10148189 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles have emerged as a delivery carrier for tumor drug therapy, which can improve the therapeutic effect by increasing the stability and solubility and prolonging the half-life of drugs. However, nanoparticles are foreign substances for humans, are easily cleared by the immune system, are less targeted to tumors, and may even be toxic to the body. As a natural biological material, cell membranes have unique biological properties, such as good biocompatibility, strong targeting ability, the ability to evade immune surveillance, and high drug-carrying capacity. In this article, we review cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMNPs) and their applications to tumor therapy. First, we briefly describe CMNP characteristics and applications. Second, we present the characteristics and advantages of different cell membranes as well as nanoparticles, provide a brief description of the process of CMNPs, discuss the current status of their application to tumor therapy, summarize their shortcomings for use in cancer therapy, and propose future research directions. This review summarizes the research progress on CMNPs in cancer therapy in recent years and assesses remaining problems, providing scholars with new ideas for future research on CMNPs in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Minna Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Department of Hemodialysis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Danhui Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Corresponding author.
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18
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Dutta A, Bhagat S, Paul S, Katz JP, Sengupta D, Bhargava D. Neutrophils in Cancer and Potential Therapeutic Strategies Using Neutrophil-Derived Exosomes. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1028. [PMID: 37376417 PMCID: PMC10301170 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells and make up about 70% of white blood cells in human blood and play a critical role as the first line of defense in the innate immune response. They also help regulate the inflammatory environment to promote tissue repair. However, in cancer, neutrophils can be manipulated by tumors to either promote or hinder tumor growth depending on the cytokine pool. Studies have shown that tumor-bearing mice have increased levels of neutrophils in peripheral circulation and that neutrophil-derived exosomes can deliver various cargos, including lncRNA and miRNA, which contribute to tumor growth and degradation of extracellular matrix. Exosomes derived from immune cells generally possess anti-tumor activities and induce tumor-cell apoptosis by delivering cytotoxic proteins, ROS generation, H2O2 or activation of Fas-mediated apoptosis in target cells. Engineered exosome-like nanovesicles have been developed to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs precisely to tumor cells. However, tumor-derived exosomes can aggravate cancer-associated thrombosis through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Despite the advancements in neutrophil-related research, a detailed understanding of tumor-neutrophil crosstalk is still lacking and remains a major barrier in developing neutrophil-based or targeted therapy. This review will focus on the communication pathways between tumors and neutrophils, and the role of neutrophil-derived exosomes (NDEs) in tumor growth. Additionally, potential strategies to manipulate NDEs for therapeutic purposes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dutta
- Exsure, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, KIIT Rd, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Shrikrishna Bhagat
- Exsure, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, KIIT Rd, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Swastika Paul
- Exsure, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, KIIT Rd, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Jonathan P. Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology, 928 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Blvd, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Debomita Sengupta
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis & Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India Regional Cancer Centre), 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Dharmendra Bhargava
- Department of Gastroenterology, 928 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Blvd, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Chaib M, Tanveer UA, Makowski L. Myeloid cells in the era of cancer immunotherapy: Top 3 unanswered questions. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108370. [PMID: 36871784 PMCID: PMC10798582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are increasingly being recognized as central players orchestrating or suppressing antitumor immune responses. With the advent of high-resolution analytical methods such as single-cell technologies, we now appreciate the heterogeneity and complexity of the myeloid compartment in the context of cancer. Because of their highly plastic nature, targeting myeloid cells has shown promising results either as a monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapy in preclinical models and cancer patients. However, the complexity of myeloid cell cellular crosstalk and molecular networks contributes to our poor understanding of the different myeloid cell subsets in tumorigenesis, which makes targeting myeloid cells challenging. Here, we summarize varied myeloid cell subsets and their contribution to tumor progression with a main focus on mononuclear phagocytes. The top three unanswered questions challenging the field of myeloid cells and cancer in the era of cancer immunotherapy are addressed. Through these questions, we discuss how myeloid cell origin and identity influence their function and disease outcomes. Different therapeutic strategies used to target myeloid cells in cancer are also addressed. Finally, the durability of myeloid cell targeting is interrogated by examining the complexity of resultant compensatory cellular and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Chaib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ubaid A Tanveer
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, USA; Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Liza Makowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, USA; Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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20
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Starska-Kowarska K. The Role of Different Immunocompetent Cell Populations in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancer-Regulatory Mechanisms of Pro- and Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Impact on Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1642. [PMID: 36980527 PMCID: PMC10046400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous groups of human neoplasms. HNSCC is characterized by high morbidity, accounting for 3% of all cancers, and high mortality with ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. It was the most common cancer worldwide in 2020, according to the latest GLOBOCAN data, representing the seventh most prevalent human malignancy. Despite great advances in surgical techniques and the application of modern combinations and cytotoxic therapies, HNSCC remains a leading cause of death worldwide with a low overall survival rate not exceeding 40-60% of the patient population. The most common causes of death in patients are its frequent nodal metastases and local neoplastic recurrences, as well as the relatively low response to treatment and severe drug resistance. Much evidence suggests that the tumour microenvironment (TME), tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and circulating various subpopulations of immunocompetent cells, such regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs), cytotoxic CD3+CD8+ T cells (CTLs) and CD3+CD4+ T helper type 1/2/9/17 (Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17) lymphocytes, T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and CD56dim/CD16bright activated natural killer cells (NK), carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumour-associated neutrophils (N1/N2 TANs), as well as tumour-associated macrophages (M1/M2 phenotype TAMs) can affect initiation, progression and spread of HNSCC and determine the response to immunotherapy. Rapid advances in the field of immuno-oncology and the constantly growing knowledge of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and effects of tumour cancer have allowed for the use of effective and personalized immunotherapy as a first-line therapeutic procedure or an essential component of a combination therapy for primary, relapsed and metastatic HNSCC. This review presents the latest reports and molecular studies regarding the anti-tumour role of selected subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, including HPV+ve (HPV+) and HPV-ve (HPV-) tumours. The article focuses on the crucial regulatory mechanisms of pro- and anti-tumour activity, key genetic or epigenetic changes that favour tumour immune escape, and the strategies that the tumour employs to avoid recognition by immunocompetent cells, as well as resistance mechanisms to T and NK cell-based immunotherapy in HNSCC. The present review also provides an overview of the pre- and clinical early trials (I/II phase) and phase-III clinical trials published in this arena, which highlight the unprecedented effectiveness and limitations of immunotherapy in HNSCC, and the emerging issues facing the field of HNSCC immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-604-541-412
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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Fu S, Deng H, Bertolini I, Perego M, Chen ES, Sanseviero E, Mostafa A, Alicea-Torres K, Garcia-Gerique L, Stone EL, Kossenkov AV, Schug ZT, Nam B, Mulligan C, Altieri DC, Nefedova Y, Gabrilovich DI. Syntaphilin Regulates Neutrophil Migration in Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:278-289. [PMID: 36548516 PMCID: PMC9991994 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pathologically activated neutrophils (PMN) with immunosuppressive activity, which are termed myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC), play a critical role in regulating tumor progression. These cells have been implicated in promoting tumor metastases by contributing to premetastatic niche formation. This effect was facilitated by enhanced spontaneous migration of PMN from bone marrow to the premetastatic niches during the early-stage of cancer development. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remained unclear. In this study, we found that syntaphilin (SNPH), a cytoskeletal protein previously known for anchoring mitochondria to the microtubule in neurons and tumor cells, could regulate migration of PMN. Expression of SNPH was decreased in PMN from tumor-bearing mice and patients with cancer as compared with PMN from tumor-free mice and healthy donors, respectively. In Snph-knockout (SNPH-KO) mice, spontaneous migration of PMN was increased and the mice showed increased metastasis. Mechanistically, in SNPH-KO mice, the speed and distance travelled by mitochondria in PMN was increased, rates of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis were elevated, and generation of adenosine was increased. Thus, our study reveals a molecular mechanism regulating increased migratory activity of PMN during cancer progression and suggests a novel therapeutic targeting opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Fu
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, 1 Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878
| | - Hui Deng
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Irene Bertolini
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Michela Perego
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Eric S. Chen
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | | | - Ali Mostafa
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, 1 Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878
| | - Kevin Alicea-Torres
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
- University of Puerto Rico at Humacao
| | - Laura Garcia-Gerique
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Erica L. Stone
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Andrew V. Kossenkov
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Zachary T. Schug
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 19104
| | - Brian Nam
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care, Newark, DE, USA 19713
| | - Charles Mulligan
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care, Newark, DE, USA 19713
| | - Dario C. Altieri
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Yulia Nefedova
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
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Han S, Chi Y, Yang Z, Ma J, Wang L. Tumor Microenvironment Regulation and Cancer Targeting Therapy Based on Nanoparticles. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:136. [PMID: 36976060 PMCID: PMC10053410 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although we have made remarkable achievements in cancer awareness and medical technology, there are still tremendous increases in cancer incidence and mortality. However, most anti-tumor strategies, including immunotherapy, show low efficiency in clinical application. More and more evidence suggest that this low efficacy may be closely related to the immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the TME during antitumor therapy. Several strategies are developing to regulate the TME as inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, reversing tumor associated macrophage (TAM) phenotype, removing T cell immunosuppression, and so on. Among them, nanotechnology shows great potential for delivering regulators into TME, which further enhance the antitumor therapy efficacy. Properly designed nanomaterials can carry regulators and/or therapeutic agents to eligible locations or cells to trigger specific immune response and further kill tumor cells. Specifically, the designed nanoparticles could not only directly reverse the primary TME immunosuppression, but also induce effective systemic immune response, which would prevent niche formation before metastasis and inhibit tumor recurrence. In this review, we summarized the development of nanoparticles (NPs) for anti-cancer therapy, TME regulation, and tumor metastasis inhibition. We also discussed the prospect and potential of nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yongjie Chi
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Lianyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Interplay between tumor-derived factors and tumor-associated neutrophils: opportunities for therapeutic interventions in cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03100-0. [PMID: 36745341 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils have emerged as important players in the tumor microenvironment, largely attributed to their plasticity and heterogeneity. Evidence accumulated thus far indicates that neutrophils signaled by external cues can promote tumor progression via several mechanisms. Hence, in our quest to target tumor-associated neutrophils to improve treatment, understanding the mechanisms by which tumor-derived factors regulate neutrophils to gain pro-tumor functions and the feedback loop by which these neutrophils promote tumor progression is very crucial. Herein, we review the published data on how tumor-derived factors alter neutrophils phenotype to promote tumor progression with particular emphasis on immunosuppression, autophagy, angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. These deeper insights could provide a wider view and novel therapeutic approach to neutrophil-targeted therapy in cancer.
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24
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Li R, Huang B, Tian H, Sun Z. Immune evasion in esophageal squamous cell cancer: From the perspective of tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1096717. [PMID: 36698392 PMCID: PMC9868934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the dominant subtype, accounting for approximately 90% of new incident EC each year. Although multidisciplinary treatment strategies have advanced rapidly, patients with ESCC are often diagnosed at advanced stage and the long-term prognosis remains unsatisfactory. In recent decades, immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, has been successfully used in clinical practice as a novel therapy for treating tumors, bringing new hope to ESCC patients. However, only a small fraction of patients achieved clinical benefits due to primary or acquired resistance. Immune evasion plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of ESCC. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which ESCC cells escape from anti-tumor immunity is necessary for a more effective multidisciplinary treatment strategy. It has been widely recognized that immune evasion is closely associated with the crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME is a dynamic complex and comprehensive system including not only cellular components but also non-cellular components, which influence hallmarks and fates of tumor cells from the outside. Novel immunotherapy targeting tumor-favorable TME represents a promising strategy to achieve better therapeutic responses for patients with ESCC. In this review, we provide an overview of immune evasion in ESCC, mainly focusing on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of TME in immune evasion of ESCC. In addition, we also discuss the challenges and opportunities of precision therapy for ESCC by targeting TME.
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25
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Yu X, Zhu L, Wang T, Chen J. Immune microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma: Biological concepts and treatment strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1037945. [PMID: 37138880 PMCID: PMC10150070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1037945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by a poor prognosis with limited treatment and management options. Chemotherapy using gemcitabine with cisplatin is the only available first-line therapy for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, although it offers only palliation and yields a median survival of < 1 year. Recently there has been a resurgence of immunotherapy studies focusing on the ability of immunotherapy to inhibit cancer growth by impacting the tumor microenvironment. Based on the TOPAZ-1 trial, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved the combination of durvalumab and gemcitabine with cisplatin as the first-line treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. However, immunotherapy, like immune checkpoint blockade, is less effective in cholangiocarcinoma than in other types of cancer. Although several factors such as the exuberant desmoplastic reaction are responsible for cholangiocarcinoma treatment resistance, existing literature on cholangiocarcinoma cites the inflammatory and immunosuppressive environment as the most common factor. However, mechanisms activating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment contributing to cholangiocarcinoma drug resistance are complicated. Therefore, gaining insight into the interplay between immune cells and cholangiocarcinoma cells, as well as the natural development and evolution of the immune tumor microenvironment, would provide targets for therapeutic intervention and improve therapeutic efficacy by developing multimodal and multiagent immunotherapeutic approaches of cholangiocarcinoma to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the role of the inflammatory microenvironment-cholangiocarcinoma crosstalk and reinforce the importance of inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment, thereby highlighting the explanatory and therapeutic shortcomings of immunotherapy monotherapy and proposing potentially promising combinational immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Chen,
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26
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Intratumoral pro-oxidants promote cancer immunotherapy by recruiting and reprogramming neutrophils to eliminate tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:527-542. [PMID: 36066649 PMCID: PMC9446783 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils have recently gained recognition for their potential in the fight against cancer. Neutrophil plasticity between the N1 anti-tumor and N2 pro-tumor subtypes is now apparent, as is the ability to polarize these individual subtypes by interventions such as intratumoral injection of various agents including bacterial products or pro-oxidants. Metabolic responses and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide act as potent chemoattractants and activators of N1 neutrophils that facilitates their recruitment and ensuing activation of a toxic respiratory burst in tumors. Greater understanding of the precise mechanism of N1 neutrophil activation, recruitment and regulation is now needed to fully exploit their anti-tumor potential against cancers both locally and at distant sites. This systematic review critically analyzes these new developments in cancer immunotherapy.
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27
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Modified method for differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in vitro enhances immunosuppressive ability via glutathione metabolism. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 33:101416. [PMID: 36605123 PMCID: PMC9807831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which accumulate in tumor bearers, are known to suppress anti-tumor immunity and thus promote tumor progression. MDSCs are considered a major cause of resistance against immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer. Therefore, MDSCs are potential targets in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we modified an in vitro method of MDSC differentiation. Upon stimulating bone marrow (BM) cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro, we obtained both lymphocyte antigen 6G positive (Ly-6G+) and negative (Ly-6G-) MDSCs (collectively, hereafter referred to as conventional MDSCs), which were non-immunosuppressive and immunosuppressive, respectively. We then found that MDSCs differentiated from Ly-6G- BM (hereafter called 6G- BM-MDSC) suppressed T-cell proliferation more strongly than conventional MDSCs, whereas the cells differentiated from Ly-6G+ BM (hereafter called 6G+ BM-MDSC) were non-immunosuppressive. In line with this, conventional MDSCs or 6G- BM-MDSC, but not 6G+ BM-MDSC, promoted tumor progression in tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, we identified that activated glutathione metabolism was responsible for the enhanced immunosuppressive ability of 6G- BM-MDSC. Finally, we showed that Ly-6G+ cells in 6G- BM-MDSC, which exhibited weak immunosuppression, expressed higher levels of Cybb mRNA, an immunosuppressive gene of MDSCs, than 6G+ BM-MDSC. Together, these data suggest that the depletion of Ly-6G+ cells from the BM cells leads to differentiation of immunosuppressive Ly-6G+ MDSCs. In summary, we propose a better method for MDSC differentiation in vitro. Moreover, our findings contribute to the understanding of MDSC subpopulations and provide a basis for further research on MDSCs.
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Key Words
- Ab, antibody
- BM, bone marrow
- BM-MDSC
- CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
- Cybb, Cytochrome b-245 beta polypeptide
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- Glutathione metabolism
- ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor
- Immunosuppression
- Ly-6G
- Ly-6G, lymphocyte antigen 6G
- M-MDSCs, monocytic MDSCs
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PD-1, programmed cell death 1
- PD-L1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1
- PMN-MDSCs, polymorphonuclear MDSCs
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Rb1, retinoblastoma 1
- Tumor progression
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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28
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Chen S, Zhang Q, Lu L, Xu C, Li J, Zha J, Ma F, Luo HR, Hsu AY. Heterogeneity of neutrophils in cancer: one size does not fit all. Cancer Biol Med 2022; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0426. [PMID: 36514901 PMCID: PMC9755961 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role in the defense against bacterial infections and orchestrate both the innate and adaptive immune responses. With their abundant numbers, diverse function and short life span, these cells are at the forefront of immune responses, and have gained attention in recent years because of their presence in tumor sites. Neutrophil involvement pertains to tumor cells' ability to construct a suitable tumor microenvironment (TME) that accelerates their own growth and malignancy, by facilitating their interaction with surrounding cells through the circulatory and lymphatic systems, thereby influencing tumor development and progression. Studies have indicated both pro- and anti-tumor properties of infiltrating neutrophils. The TME can exploit neutrophil function, recruitment, and even production, thus resulting in pro-tumor properties of neutrophils, including promotion of genetic instability, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and suppression of anti-tumor or inflammatory response. In contrast, neutrophils can mediate anti-tumor resistance by direct cytotoxicity to the tumor cells or by facilitating anti-tumor functions via crosstalk with T cells. Here, we summarize current knowledge regarding the effects of neutrophil heterogeneity under homeostatic and tumor conditions, including neutrophil phenotype and function, in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lisha Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Chunhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jiali Zha
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo R. Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Correspondence to: Hongbo R. Luo and Alan Y. Hsu, E-mail: and
| | - Alan Y. Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Correspondence to: Hongbo R. Luo and Alan Y. Hsu, E-mail: and
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29
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Wißfeld J, Werner A, Yan X, ten Bosch N, Cui G. Metabolic regulation of immune responses to cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2022; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0381. [PMID: 36269001 PMCID: PMC9724228 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is an ecosystem composed of multiple types of cells, such as tumor cells, immune cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer cells grow faster than non-cancerous cells and consume larger amounts of nutrients. The rapid growth characteristic of cancer cells fundamentally alters nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment and results in reprogramming of immune cell metabolic pathways. Accumulating evidence suggests that cellular metabolism of nutrients, such as lipids and amino acids, beyond being essential to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of immune cells, also regulates a broad spectrum of cellular signal transduction, and influences immune cell survival, differentiation, and anti-tumor effector function. The cancer immunometabolism research field is rapidly evolving, and exciting new discoveries are reported in high-profile journals nearly weekly. Therefore, all new findings in this field cannot be summarized within this short review. Instead, this review is intended to provide a brief introduction to this rapidly developing research field, with a focus on the metabolism of two classes of important nutrients-lipids and amino acids-in immune cells. We highlight recent research on the roles of lipids and amino acids in regulating the metabolic fitness and immunological functions of T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of "editing" metabolic pathways in immune cells to act synergistically with currently available immunotherapies in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Wißfeld
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Mainz 55131, Germany,T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Anke Werner
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Mainz 55131, Germany,T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Xin Yan
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Mainz 55131, Germany,T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Nora ten Bosch
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Mainz 55131, Germany,T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Guoliang Cui
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON), Mainz 55131, Germany,T Cell Metabolism Group (D192), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany,Correspondence to: Guoliang Cui, E-mail:
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30
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Effect of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures on Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Preliminary Exploration of Its Formation Mechanism. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205157. [PMID: 36291944 PMCID: PMC9601110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary At present, research on tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been limited to the prognostic impact. Our manuscript first validates previous studies using two databases and then initially explores the key molecules and mechanisms of TLS formation and immunotherapy implications for HCC patients by using the TCGA database. For example, LCK, a key molecule in the formation of TLSs, may affect the formation of TLSs by regulating the cytokine signalling pathway, chemokine signalling pathway, T-cell activation and P53 signalling pathway. Second, the expression level of LCK is another factor affecting the sensitivity of HCC patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In conclusion, our study provides a potential mechanism for further exploration of TLSs. Abstract Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formed by the aggregation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which is driven by chemokines or cytokines in the tumour microenvironment. Studies have shown that TLSs are associated with good prognosis in patients with various solid tumours and can improve patient responses to immunotherapy. However, the role of TLSs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial, and the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Methods: According to haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results, HCC patients in Xijing Hospital data and TCGA data were divided into TLS+ and TLS- groups, and Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis was performed to assess overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to identify TILs in the TLS+ group. Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), a molecule involved in TLS formation, was explored in LinkedOmics. TILs were divided into two groups by drawing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to calculate cut-off values. Spearman correlation analysis was used to calculate the correlation between LCK and TILs, and the molecular pathways by which LCK regulates immunotherapy were clarified through enrichment analysis. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) distribution of sorafenib was observed in groups that varied in LCK expression. Results: According to the HE results, 61 cases in the Xijing Hospital cohort and 195 cases in the TCGA cohort had TLSs, while 89 cases and 136 cases did not. The KM results showed that TLSs had no effect on the OS of HCC patients but significantly affected RFS. The IF/IHC results showed that higher TIL numbers in TLSs were correlated with better prognosis in HCC patients. Spearman correlation analysis showed that LCK expression was positively correlated with TIL numbers. Enrichment analysis showed that upregulation of LCK expression mainly regulated the cytokine signalling pathway, the chemokine signalling pathway and T-cell activation. The IC50 scores of sorafenib in HCC patients with high LCK expression were lower, and the sensitivity was higher. Conclusion: TLSs mainly affected the early RFS of HCC patients but had no effect on OS. The high expression of the TLS formation-related gene LCK can increase the sensitivity of HCC patients to ICIs.
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31
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Tumor-associated neutrophils and neutrophil-targeted cancer therapies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188762. [PMID: 35853517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the frontline cells in response to microbial infections and are involved in a range of inflammatory disorders in the body. In recent years, neutrophils have gained considerable attention in their involvement of complex roles in tumor development and progression. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) that accumulate in local region could be triggered by external stimuli from tumor microenvironment (TME) and switch between anti- and pro-tumor phenotypes. The anti-tumor neutrophils kill tumor cells through direct cytotoxic effects as well as indirect effects by activating adaptive immune responses. In contrast, the pro-tumor phenotype of neutrophils might be associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression in TME. More recently, neutrophils have been proposed as a potential target in cancer therapy for their ability to diminish the pro-tumor pathways, such as by immune checkpoint blockade. This review discusses the complex roles of neutrophils in TME and highlights the strategies in neutrophil targeting in cancer treatment with a particular focus on the progresses of ongoing clinical trials involving neutrophil-targeted therapies.
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32
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Qian Y, Zhai E, Chen S, Liu Y, Ma Y, Chen J, Liu J, Qin C, Cao Q, Chen J, Cai S. Single-cell RNA-seq dissecting heterogeneity of tumor cells and comprehensive dynamics in tumor microenvironment during lymph nodes metastasis in gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1367-1381. [PMID: 35716132 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is the common metastasis route of gastric cancer. However, until now, heterogeneities of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in primary tumors (PT) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of gastric cancer (GC) remains uncharacterized. In this study, scRNA-seq was performed on tissues from PT and MLN of gastric cancer. Trajectory analysis and function enrichment analyses were conducted to decode the underlying mechanisms contributing to LN metastasis of gastric cancer. Heterogeneous composition of immune cells and distant intercellular interactions in PT and MLN were analyzed. Based on the generated single cell transcriptome profiles, dynamics of gene expressions in cancer cells between PT and MLN were characterized. Moreover, we reconstructed the developmental trajectory of GC cells' metastasis to LN and identified two sub-types of GC cells with distinct potentials of having malignant biological behaviors. We characterized the repression of neutrophil polarization associated genes, like LCN2, which would contribute to LN metastasis, and histochemistry experiments validated our findings. Additionally, heterogeneity in neutrophils, rather than macrophages, was characterized. Immune checkpoint associated interaction of SPP1 was found active in MLN. In conclusion, we decode the dynamics of tumor cells during LN metastasis in GC and to identify a sub-type of GC cells with potentials of LN metastasis. Our data indicated that the disordering the neutrophils polarization and maturation and the activation of immune checkpoint SPP1 might contribute to LN metastasis in GC, providing a novel insight on the mechanism and potential therapeutic targets of LN metastasis in GC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qian
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ertao Zhai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sile Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junting Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Liu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Qin Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shirong Cai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Cell-based drug delivery systems and their in vivo fate. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114394. [PMID: 35718252 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have received attention recently because of their unique biological properties and self-powered functions, such as excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, long circulation time, tissue-homingcharacteristics, and ability to cross biological barriers. A variety of cells, including erythrocytes, stem cells, and lymphocytes, have been explored as functional vectors for the loading and delivery of various therapeutic payloads (e.g., small-molecule and nucleic acid drugs) for subsequent disease treatment. These cell-based DDSs have their own unique in vivo fates, which are attributed to various factors, including their biological properties and functions, the loaded drugs and loading process, physiological and pathological circumstances, and the body's response to these carrier cells, which result in differences in drug delivery efficiency and therapeutic effect. In this review, we summarize the main cell-based DDSs and their biological properties and functions, applications in drug delivery and disease treatment, and in vivo fate and influencing factors. We envision that the unique biological properties, combined with continuing research, will enable development of cell-based DDSs as friendly drug vectors for the safe, effective, and even personalized treatment of diseases.
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Lu X, Lu X. Enhancing immune checkpoint blockade therapy of genitourinary malignancies by co-targeting PMN-MDSCs. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188702. [PMID: 35227829 PMCID: PMC9177662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) as a powerful immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment. The application of ICB to genitourinary malignancies has generated substantial clinical benefits for patients with advanced kidney cancer or bladder cancer, yet very limited response to ICB therapy was observed from metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The efficacy of ICB in rare genitourinary tumors (e.g. penile cancer) awaits results from ongoing clinical trials. A potential barrier for ICB is tumor-infiltrating polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) with their functions and mechanisms recently revealed. Preclinical studies suggest that successful therapeutic inhibition of PMN-MDSCs synergizes effectively with ICB to eradicate ICB-refractory genitourinary malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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van Luijk IF, Smith SM, Marte Ojeda MC, Oei AL, Kenter GG, Jordanova ES. A Review of the Effects of Cervical Cancer Standard Treatment on Immune Parameters in Peripheral Blood, Tumor Draining Lymph Nodes, and Local Tumor Microenvironment. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2277. [PMID: 35566403 PMCID: PMC9102821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a public health concern despite all the efforts to implement vaccination and screening programs. Conventional treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer consists of surgery, radiotherapy (with concurrent brachytherapy), combined with chemotherapy, or hyperthermia. The response rate to combination approaches involving immunomodulatory agents and conventional treatment modalities have been explored but remain dismal in patients with locally advanced disease. Studies exploring the immunological effects exerted by combination treatment modalities at the different levels of the immune system (peripheral blood (PB), tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN), and the local tumor microenvironment (TME)) are scarce. In this systemic review, we aim to define immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive effects induced by conventional treatment in cervical cancer patients to identify the optimal time point for immunotherapy administration. Radiotherapy (RT) and chemoradiation (CRT) induce an immunosuppressive state characterized by a long-lasting reduction in peripheral CD3, CD4, CD8 T cells and NK cells. At the TDLN level, CRT induced a reduction in Nrp1+Treg stability and number, naïve CD4 and CD8 T cell numbers, and an accompanying increase in IFNγ-producing CD4 helper T cells, CD8 T cells, and NK cells. Potentiation of the T-cell anti-tumor response was particularly observed in patients receiving low irradiation dosage. At the level of the TME, CRT induced a rebound effect characterized by a reduction of the T-cell anti-tumor response followed by stable radioresistant OX40 and FoxP3 Treg cell numbers. However, the effects induced by CRT were very heterogeneous across studies. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) containing both paclitaxel and cisplatin induced a reduction in stromal FoxP3 Treg numbers and an increase in stromal and intratumoral CD8 T cells. Both CRT and NACT induced an increase in PD-L1 expression. Although there was no association between pre-treatment PD-L1 expression and treatment outcome, the data hint at an association with pro-inflammatory immune signatures, overall and disease-specific survival (OS, DSS). When considering NACT, we propose that posterior immunotherapy might further reduce immunosuppression and chemoresistance. This review points at differential effects induced by conventional treatment modalities at different immune compartments, thus, the compartmentalization of the immune responses as well as individual patient's treatment plans should be carefully considered when designing immunotherapy treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iske F. van Luijk
- Haaglanden Medical Center, Lijnbaan 32, 2512 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.O.); (G.G.K.); (E.S.J.)
| | - Sharissa M. Smith
- Erasmus Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Maria C. Marte Ojeda
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.O.); (G.G.K.); (E.S.J.)
| | - Arlene L. Oei
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Gemma G. Kenter
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.O.); (G.G.K.); (E.S.J.)
| | - Ekaterina S. Jordanova
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.O.); (G.G.K.); (E.S.J.)
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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The Role of Myeloid Cells in Hepatotoxicity Related to Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081913. [PMID: 35454819 PMCID: PMC9027811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune-modulating cancer treatments have proved to be highly effective in a wide range of tumour types. They interrupt the usual communication between cells in the immune system, encouraging them to become more active in identifying and destroying cancer cells. Although these therapies are very successful in treating cancer, patients frequently experience liver injury as a side effect related to over activation of the immune system. If cancer patients develop this side effect, they need to stop their cancer therapy and be given strong immunosuppressants. Researchers are now working on understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of liver inflammation. In this review we will summarise findings identifying classes of immune cells that are of particular importance in this context and highlight ways in which we can use this knowledge to improve the safety of these new cancer drugs. Abstract Drug-related hepatotoxicity is an emerging clinical challenge with the widening use of immunotherapeutic agents in the field of oncology. This is an important complication to consider as more immune oncological targets are being identified to show promising results in clinical trials. The application of these therapeutics may be complicated by the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), a serious limitation often requiring high-dose immunosuppression and discontinuation of cancer therapy. Hepatoxicity presents one of the most frequently encountered irAEs and a better understanding of the underlying mechanism is crucial for the development of alternative therapeutic interventions. As a novel drug side effect, the immunopathogenesis of the condition is not completely understood. In the liver, myeloid cells play a central role in the maintenance of homeostasis and promotion of inflammation. Recent research has identified myeloid cells to be associated with hepatic adverse events of various immune modulatory monoclonal antibodies. In this review article, we provide an overview of the role of myeloid cells in the immune pathogenesis during hepatoxicity related to cancer immunotherapies and highlight potential treatment options.
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cancer Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051359. [PMID: 35267667 PMCID: PMC8909607 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils and their products are increasingly recognized to have a key influence on cancer progression and response to therapy. Their involvement has been shown in nearly every aspect of cancer pathophysiology with growing evidence now supporting their role in resistance to a variety of cancer therapies. Recently, the role of neutrophils in cancer progression and therapy resistance has been further complicated with the discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures of chromatin decorated with a variety of microbicidal proteins. They are released by neutrophils in a process called NETosis. NET-dependent mechanisms of cancer pathology are beginning to be appreciated, particularly with respect to tumor response to chemo-, immuno-, and radiation therapy. Several studies support the functional role of NETs in cancer therapy resistance, involving T-cell exhaustion, drug detoxification, angiogenesis, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix remodeling mechanisms, among others. Given this, new and promising data suggests NETs provide a microenvironment conducive to limited therapeutic response across a variety of neoplasms. As such, this paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of evidence on NETs in cancer therapy resistance with a focus on clinical applicability.
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Tang L, He S, Yin Y, Li J, Xiao Q, Wang R, Gao L, Wang W. Combining nanotechnology with the multifunctional roles of neutrophils against cancer and inflammatory disease. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1621-1645. [PMID: 35079756 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07725b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in humans, play a crucial role in acute inflammation during infection and tumorigenesis. Neutrophils are the major types of cells recruited to the inflammation sites induced by pathogens, exhibiting great homing ability towards inflammatory disorders and tumor sites. Therefore, a neutrophil-based drug delivery system (NDDS) has become a promising platform for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory treatment. Recent decades have witnessed the huge progress of applying nanomaterials in drug delivery. Nanomaterials are regarded as innovative components to enrich the field of neutrophil-based therapies due to their unique physiochemical characteristics. In this review, the latest advancement of combining diverse nanomaterials with an NDDS for cancer and inflammatory disease treatment will be summarized. It is discussed how nanomaterials empower the therapeutic area of an NDDS and how an NDDS circumvents the limitations of nanomaterials. Moreover, based on the finding that neutrophils are closely involved in the progression of cancer and inflammatory diseases, emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils will be outlined. Finally, as neutrophils were demonstrated to play a central role in the immunopathology of COVID-19, which causes necroinflammation that is responsible for the cytokine storm and sepsis during coronavirus infections, novel therapeutic approaches that anchor neutrophils against the pathological consequences related to COVID-19 will be highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Shun He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Qiaqia Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Ruotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Lijun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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Bin YL, Hu HS, Tian F, Wen ZH, Yang MF, Wu BH, Wang LS, Yao J, Li DF. Metabolic Reprogramming in Gastric Cancer: Trojan Horse Effect. Front Oncol 2022; 11:745209. [PMID: 35096565 PMCID: PMC8790521 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, gastric cancer (GC) represents the fifth most common cancer for incidence and the third leading cause of death in developed countries. Despite the development of combination chemotherapies, the survival rates of GC patients remain unsatisfactory. The reprogramming of energy metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, especially increased dependence on aerobic glycolysis. In the present review, we summarized current evidence on how metabolic reprogramming in GC targets the tumor microenvironment, modulates metabolic networks and overcomes drug resistance. Preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of metabolic reprogramming targeted agents and conventional chemotherapeutics or molecularly targeted treatments [including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and HER2] and the value of biomarkers are examined. This deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying successful pharmacological combinations is crucial in finding the best-personalized treatment regimens for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Bin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Hong-Sai Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Mei-Feng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ben-Hua Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
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CXCR2 Mediates Distinct Neutrophil Behavior in Brain Metastatic Breast Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030515. [PMID: 35158784 PMCID: PMC8833752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis is one of the main causes of mortality among breast cancer patients, but the origins and the mechanisms that drive this process remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the upregulation of certain CXCR2-associated ligands in the brain metastatic variants of the breast cancer cells (BrM) dynamically activate the corresponding CXCR2 receptors on the neutrophils, thereby resulting in the modulation of certain key functional neutrophil responses towards the BrM. Using established neutrophil-tumor biomimetic co-culture models, we show that the upregulation of CXCR2 increases the recruitment of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils (TANs) towards the BrM, to enable location-favored formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Inhibition of CXCR2 using small molecule antagonist AZD5069 reversed this behavior, limiting the neutrophil responses to the BrM and retarding the reciprocal tumor development. We further demonstrate that abrogation of NETs formation using Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor (NEI) significantly decreases the influx of neutrophils towards BrM but not to their parental tumor, suggesting that CXCR2 activation could be used by the brain metastatic tumors as a mechanism to program the tumor-infiltrating TANs into a pro-NETotic state, so as to assume a unique spatial distribution that assists in the subsequent migration and invasion of the metastatic tumor cells. This new perspective indicates that CXCR2 is a critical target for suppressing neutrophilic inflammation in brain metastasis.
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Yan K, Feng Y, Gao K, Shi X, Zhao X. Fabrication of hyaluronic acid-based micelles with glutathione-responsiveness for targeted anticancer drug delivery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:1586-1596. [PMID: 34500160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a natural polymer, has gained much attention recently because of its good biocompatibility and extensive availability. Herein, a novel drug delivery system based on hyaluronic acid-tetraphenyl ethylene conjugate (HA-SS-TPE) with glutathione (GSH)-responsiveness for targeted drug delivery is designed. During the self-assembly of HA-SS-TPE, doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded to form DOX-loaded polymeric micelles. These as-prepared DOX-loaded polymeric micelles not only exhibit fluorescent emission, but also fast glutathione-triggered dissociation to unload DOX by responding to tumor microenvironments. In-vitro investigations showed that the DOX-loaded polymeric micelles presented a higher intracellular release ratio in CD44-positive cells (ES2 and Hela) than in CD44-negative cells (MCF-7 and L929). Notably, in vivo investigations showed that DOX@HA-SS-TPE significantly suppressed tumor growth. As a result, such a GSH-responsive drug delivery system with fluorescent feature provides a potential treatment for CD44-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yan
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yecheng Feng
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ke Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Academy of medical science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Academy of medical science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China.
| | - Xubo Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
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42
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Fighting fire with fire: the immune system might be key in our fight against Alzheimer's disease. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1261-1283. [PMID: 35032668 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still unknown and no disease-modifying treatment exists. Emerging evidence supports the concept that the immune system has a key role in AD pathogenesis. This awareness leads to the idea that specific parts of the immune system must be engaged to ward off the disease. Immunotherapy has dramatically improved the management of several previously untreatable cancers and could hold similar promise as a novel therapy for treating AD. However, before potent immunotherapies can be rationally designed as treatment against AD, we need to fully understand the dynamic interplay between AD and the different parts of our immune system. Accordingly, here we review the most important aspects of both the innate and adaptive immune system in relation to AD pathology. Teaser: Emerging results support the concept that Alzheimer's disease is affected by the inability of the immune system to contain the pathology of the brain. Here, we discuss how we can engage our immune system to fight this devastating disease.
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43
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Subhan MA, Torchilin VP. Neutrophils as an emerging therapeutic target and tool for cancer therapy. Life Sci 2021; 285:119952. [PMID: 34520766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of neutrophils is necessary for the protection of the host against microbial infection. This property can be used as mode of therapy for cancer treatment. Neutrophils have conflicting dual functions in cancer as either a tumor promoter or inhibitor. Neutrophil-based drug delivery has achieved increased attention in pre-clinical models. This review addresses in detail the different neutrophil constituents, the conflicting function of neutrophils and activation of the neutrophil as an important target of therapy for cancer treatment, and use of neutrophils or neutrophil membrane-derived vesicles as vehicles for drug delivery and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh..
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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Sionov RV. Leveling Up the Controversial Role of Neutrophils in Cancer: When the Complexity Becomes Entangled. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092486. [PMID: 34572138 PMCID: PMC8465406 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell in the circulation of human and act as gatekeepers to discard foreign elements that have entered the body. They are essential in initiating immune responses for eliminating invaders, such as microorganisms and alien particles, as well as to act as immune surveyors of cancer cells, especially during the initial stages of carcinogenesis and for eliminating single metastatic cells in the circulation and in the premetastatic organs. Since neutrophils can secrete a whole range of factors stored in their many granules as well as produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon stimulation, neutrophils may directly or indirectly affect carcinogenesis in both the positive and negative directions. An intricate crosstalk between tumor cells, neutrophils, other immune cells and stromal cells in the microenvironment modulates neutrophil function resulting in both anti- and pro-tumor activities. Both the anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities require chemoattraction towards the tumor cells, neutrophil activation and ROS production. Divergence is seen in other neutrophil properties, including differential secretory repertoire and membrane receptor display. Many of the direct effects of neutrophils on tumor growth and metastases are dependent on tight neutrophil–tumor cell interactions. Among them, the neutrophil Mac-1 interaction with tumor ICAM-1 and the neutrophil L-selectin interaction with tumor-cell sialomucins were found to be involved in the neutrophil-mediated capturing of circulating tumor cells resulting in increased metastatic seeding. On the other hand, the anti-tumor function of neutrophils was found to rely on the interaction between tumor-surface-expressed receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Cathepsin G expressed on the neutrophil surface. Intriguingly, these two molecules are also involved in the promotion of tumor growth and metastases. RAGE is upregulated during early inflammation-induced carcinogenesis and was found to be important for sustaining tumor growth and homing at metastatic sites. Cathepsin G was found to be essential for neutrophil-supported lung colonization of cancer cells. These data level up the complexity of the dual role of neutrophils in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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45
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Inflammation and tumor progression: signaling pathways and targeted intervention. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:263. [PMID: 34248142 PMCID: PMC8273155 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 237.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses tumor progression, potentially displaying opposing effects on therapeutic outcomes. Chronic inflammation facilitates tumor progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often stimulates the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen presentation, leading to anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, multiple signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT), toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways, cGAS/STING, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); inflammatory factors, including cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL), interferon (IFN), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), chemokines (e.g., C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)), growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β), and inflammasome; as well as inflammatory metabolites including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane, and specialized proresolving mediators (SPM), have been identified as pivotal regulators of the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Nowadays, local irradiation, recombinant cytokines, neutralizing antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors, DC vaccines, oncolytic viruses, TLR agonists, and SPM have been developed to specifically modulate inflammation in cancer therapy, with some of these factors already undergoing clinical trials. Herein, we discuss the initiation and resolution of inflammation, the crosstalk between tumor development and inflammatory processes. We also highlight potential targets for harnessing inflammation in the treatment of cancer.
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Neutrophils in Tumorigenesis: Missing Targets for Successful Next Generation Cancer Therapies? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136744. [PMID: 34201758 PMCID: PMC8268516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils—once considered as simple killers of pathogens and unexciting for cancer research—are now acknowledged for their role in the process of tumorigenesis. Neutrophils are recruited to the tumor microenvironment where they turn into tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and are able to initiate and promote tumor progression and metastasis. Conversely, anti-tumorigenic properties of neutrophils have been documented, highlighting the versatile nature and high pleiotropic plasticity of these polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN-L). Here, we dissect the ambivalent roles of TANs in cancer and focus on selected functional aspects that could be therapeutic targets. Indeed, the critical point of targeting TAN functions lies in the fact that an immunosuppressive state could be induced, resulting in unwanted side effects. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms linked to diverse TAN functions in different cancer types is necessary to define appropriate therapeutic strategies that are able to induce and maintain an anti-tumor microenvironment.
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Li A, Zhao Y, Li Y, Jiang L, Gu Y, Liu J. Cell-derived biomimetic nanocarriers for targeted cancer therapy: cell membranes and extracellular vesicles. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1237-1255. [PMID: 34142930 PMCID: PMC8216268 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1938757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology provides synthetic carriers for cancer drug delivery that protect cargos from degradation, control drug release and increase local accumulation at tumors. However, these non-natural vehicles display poor tumor targeting and potential toxicity and are eliminated by the immune system. Recently, biomimetic nanocarriers have been widely developed based on the concept of ‘mimicking nature.’ Among them, cell-derived biomimetic vehicles have become the focus of bionics research because of their multiple natural functions, such as low immunogenicity, long circulation time and targeting ability. Cell membrane-coated carriers and extracellular vesicles are two widely used cell-based biomimetic materials. Here, this review summarizes the latest progress in the application of these two biomimetic carriers in targeted cancer therapy. Their properties and performance are compared, and their future challenges and development prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangdi Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongwei Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wu J, Li L, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wu S, Xu B. A risk model developed based on tumor microenvironment predicts overall survival and associates with tumor immunity of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:4413-4424. [PMID: 34108619 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been reported to exhibit a crucial effect in lung cancer. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the genes associated with TME and develop a risk score to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) based on these genes. The immune and stromal scores were generated by the ESTIMATE algorithm for LUAD patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed gene and weighted gene co-expression network analyses were used to derive immune- and stromal-related genes. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)-Cox regression was applied for further selection and the selected genes were inputted into stepwise regression to develop TME-related risk score (TMErisk) which was further validated in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. TMErisk-related biological phenotypes were analyzed in function enrichment, tumor immune signature, and tumor mutation signature. The patient's response to immunotherapy was inferred by the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score and immunophenoscore (IPS). According to our results, TMErisk was developed based on SERPINE1, CX3CR1, CD200R1, GBP1, IRF1, STAP1, LOX, and OR7E47P. Furthermore, high TMErisk was identified as a poor factor for OS in TCGA and GEO datasets, as well as in subgroup analysis with different gender, smoking status, age, race, anatomic site, therapies, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. Higher TMErisk is also associated negatively with the abundance of B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and other stromal or immune cells. Several genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family and immune checkpoints were less expressed in the high-TMErisk group. Mutations of 19 genes occurred more frequently in the high-TMErisk group. These mutations may be associated with TME change and indicate patients' response to immunotherapy. According to our analyses, a lower TMErisk score may indicate better response and OS outcome of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huibo Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haohan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhao TJ, Zhu N, Shi YN, Wang YX, Zhang CJ, Deng CF, Liao DF, Qin L. Targeting HDL in tumor microenvironment: New hope for cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7853-7873. [PMID: 34018609 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that plasma HDL-C levels are closely related to the risk of prostate cancer, breast cancer, and other malignancies. As one of the key carriers of cholesterol regulation, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer development through anti-inflammation, antioxidation, immune-modulation, and mediating cholesterol transportation in cancer cells and noncancer cells. In addition, the occurrence and progression of cancer are closely related to the alteration of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer cells synthesize and secrete a variety of cytokines and other factors to promote the reprogramming of surrounding cells and shape the microenvironment suitable for cancer survival. By analyzing the effect of HDL on the infiltrating immune cells in the TME, as well as the relationship between HDL and tumor-associated angiogenesis, it is suggested that a moderate increase in the level of HDL in vivo with consequent improvement of the function of HDL in the TME and induction of intracellular cholesterol efflux may be a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Jun Zhao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Ning Shi
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Feng Deng
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Li Qin
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Ni Y, Zhou X, Yang J, Shi H, Li H, Zhao X, Ma X. The Role of Tumor-Stroma Interactions in Drug Resistance Within Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637675. [PMID: 34095111 PMCID: PMC8173135 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells resistance to various therapies remains to be a key challenge nowadays. For a long time, scientists focused on tumor cells themselves for the mechanisms of acquired drug resistance. However, recent evidence showed that tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential for regulating immune escape, drug resistance, progression and metastasis of malignant cells. Reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and non-malignant cells within this milieu often reshape the TME and promote drug resistance. Therefore, advanced knowledge about these sophisticated interactions is significant for the design of effective therapeutic approaches. In this review, we highlight cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T-regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), and tumor endothelial cells (TECs) existing in TME, as well as their multiple cross-talk with tumor cells, which eventually endows tumor cells with therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghong Ni
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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