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Horen NM, Sayles J, McDermott K, Sippel-Klug K, Drake-Croft J, Long T. Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health (IECMH) and Early Childhood Intervention: Intentional Integration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:870. [PMID: 39063447 PMCID: PMC11277513 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health (IECMH) is a multidisciplinary field of inquiry, practice, and policy concerned with enhancing the social-emotional competence of infants and young children. Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) is a system of services that supports infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families. ECI providers promote a child's development in all domains, including social-emotional. The purpose of this paper is to describe how two systems, Early Childhood Intervention and Infant Early Childhood Mental Health, collaborate when serving children who have developmental delays or disabilities and their families and other caregivers. We will discuss two models used to promote social-emotional development, the Pyramid Model and IECMH Consultation, and provide three examples that demonstrate how ECI and IECMH intersect at both the family, classroom, and system levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal M. Horen
- Center for Child and Human Development, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (J.S.); (K.M.); (K.S.-K.); (J.D.-C.); (T.L.)
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Fleary SA, Joseph PL. Health literacy and health behaviors in parent-adolescent dyads: an actor-partner interdependence model approach. Psychol Health 2024; 39:803-822. [PMID: 36047615 PMCID: PMC10013691 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health literacy (HL), skills for accessing, appraising and using health information in health decision-making is implicated in adolescents' health behaviors. HL skills develop through scaffolding, modeling, practice and opportunity. Therefore, adolescents' HL skills are likely closely tied to parents' HL and health behaviors. Yet, no studies have examined the dyadic interdependence of the relationship between HL and health behaviors between parents and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the interdependence of adolescents' and parents' HL and health behaviors. METHODS AND MEASURES Data were collected from 300 parent-adolescent dyads via Qualtrics Panel. Dyads completed identical measures of their HL, diet, physical activity, sedentary activity, cigarette-smoking, vaping, and alcohol binge-drinking behaviors. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations and the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. RESULTS Within-dyad correlations were significant for HL and all health behaviors assessed. After controlling for covariates and partner effects, adolescents' HL was related to their sugar-sweetened beverage intake, sedentary activity, and substance use. After controlling for covariates and actor effects, adolescents' HL was related to parents' sedentary activity, binge-drinking, and vaping while parents' HL was related to adolescents' sedentary activity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that there is interdependence in these relationships especially for risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha A Fleary
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrece L Joseph
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Remmers T, Koolwijk P, Fassaert I, Nolles J, de Groot W, Vos SB, de Vries SI, Mombarg R, Van Kann DHH. Investigating young children's physical activity through time and place. Int J Health Geogr 2024; 23:12. [PMID: 38745292 PMCID: PMC11092161 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-024-00373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research indicates the start of primary school (4-5-year-old) as an essential period for the development of children's physical activity (PA) patterns, as from this point, the age-related decline of PA is most often observed. During this period, young children are exposed to a wider variety of environmental- and social contexts and therefore their PA is influenced by more diverse factors. However, in order to understand children's daily PA patterns and identify relevant opportunities for PA promotion, it is important to further unravel in which (social) contexts throughout the day, PA of young children takes place. METHODS We included a cross-national sample of 21 primary schools from the Startvaardig study. In total, 248 children provided valid accelerometer and global positioning (GPS) data. Geospatial analyses were conducted to quantify PA in (social) environments based on their school and home. Transport-related PA was evaluated using GPS speed-algorithms. PA was analysed at different environments, time-periods and for week- and weekend days separately. RESULTS Children accumulated an average of 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), both during week- and weekend days. Schools contributed to approximately half of daily MVPA during weekdays. During weekends, environments within 100 m from home were important, as well as locations outside the home-school neighbourhood. Pedestrian trips contributed to almost half of the daily MVPA. CONCLUSIONS We identified several social contexts relevant for children's daily MVPA. Schools have the potential to significantly contribute to young children's PA patterns and are therefore encouraged to systematically evaluate and implement parts of the school-system that stimulate PA and potentially also learning processes. Pedestrian trips also have substantial contribution to daily MVPA of young children, which highlights the importance of daily active transport in school- and parental routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Remmers
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - P Koolwijk
- Research group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - I Fassaert
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Nolles
- Institute of Sport Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - W de Groot
- Institute of Sport Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S B Vos
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - S I de Vries
- Research group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Health Campus The Hague, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - R Mombarg
- Institute of Sport Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Orthopedagogy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - D H H Van Kann
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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McCord M, Fierman A, Sisco S, Canfield C, Manjunath S, Cohen N, Havens J, Wilcox W, Tomopoulos S, Albert MS, Abraham T, Charney A, Acri M, Piwnica-Worms K. A Two-Generation, Early Childhood Advanced Primary Care Model. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023062567. [PMID: 38444349 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that early experiences produce long-term impacts on health outcomes, yet many children are at risk of not achieving their full potential because of health and service disparities related largely to poverty and racism. Although many pediatric primary care (PPC) models address these needs, most are isolated, add-on efforts that struggle to be scalable and sustainable. We describe 3-2-1 IMPACT (Integrated Model for Parents and Children Together), an initiative to transform the model of PPC delivered within New York City Health + Hospitals, the largest public hospital system in the United States, to address the full range of child and family needs in early childhood. Taking advantage of the frequent contact with PPC in the early years and linking to prenatal services, the model assesses family mental, social, and physical health needs and offers evidence-based parenting supports and integrated mental health services. Launching and sustaining the model in our large health system has required coalition building and sustained advocacy at the state, city, and health system levels. Long-term sustainability of the IMPACT model will depend on the implementation of early childhood-focused advanced payment models, on which we have made substantial progress with our major contracted Medicaid managed care plans. By integrating multiple interventions into PPC and prenatal care across a large public-healthcare system, we hope to synergize evidence-based and evidence-informed interventions that individually have relatively small effect sizes, but combined, could substantially improve child and maternal health outcomes and positively impact health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur Fierman
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Caitlin Canfield
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sanjana Manjunath
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Jennifer Havens
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Suzy Tomopoulos
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Mary Acri
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Fleary SA. Linking Childhood Cultural Health Capital Factors with Adult Health Literacy. Health Lit Res Pract 2024; 8:e79-e88. [PMID: 38713899 PMCID: PMC11075993 DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20240422-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult health outcomes are linked to childhood factors such as socioeconomic status via cultural health capital (CHC). Specifically, these factors shape opportunities for developing skills for navigating health environments via experience and the intergenerational transfer of health-related knowledge and skills. Health literacy (HL) is considered a part of and/or result of CHC. HL develops similarly to CHC via opportunities and experiences. Most research to date has ignored the effect of childhood factors on adult HL. The purpose of this study was to explore how childhood factors are related to adult HL. Data were collected from adults (N = 736, mean age = 40.65 years, standard deviation [SD] = 15.39; 52% female; 53.8% White, 31.3% Hispanic and Latino/a/e) in the United States using Qualtrics Panel. Multivariate ordinal and binary logistic regressions predicting HL (as measured by the Newest Vital Sign and Single-Item Literacy Scale) from childhood factors and accounting for demographic covariates were estimated. After accounting for covariates, such as the presence of an employed adult in a white-collar (odds ratio [OR] = 3.34) or blue-collar (OR = 3.68) occupation (versus unknown/not employed) increased the odds of being categorized as possible limited literacy and adequate literacy (versus limited literacy) as measured by the Newest Vital Sign. Similarly, having an employed adult during childhood who had a blue-collar occupation (vs. unknown/not employed) increased the odds of being categorized as adequate literacy (OR = 2.06) as measured by the Single-Item Literacy Scale. Because the adult's employment played a role in the child's adult HL after accounting for other factors and demographics, these findings support using a lifespan approach to assess and identify risk factors for lower HL. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence of how HL is interconnected with social determinants of health across the lifespan and the need to address HL skills in those with poor social determinants of health. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2024;8(2):e79-e88.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha A. Fleary
- Address correspondence to Sasha A. Fleary, PhD, Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 W. 125th Street; New York, NY 10027;
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Loo BKG, Sirisena D, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Chia MYH, Tan B, Tan NC, Teoh OH, Lim EJK, Zainuddin MA, Gao JS, Chan PC, Tan TSZ, Visruthan NK, Rajadurai VS, Chia MS, Ahmad Hatib NAB, Cai S, Ong JL, Lo JCY, Chong MFF, Lee LY, Chew ECS, Siriamornsarp R, Lee M, Sim A, Wong CM, Sherwood SA, Toh SH, Quah PL, Ng KC, Tan KH, Lee YS. Consensus statement on Singapore integrated 24-hour activity guide for early childhood. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2023; 52:310-320. [PMID: 38904512 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2022315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Early childhood is a critical period for growth and development. Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviours during this period forms the foundation for future well-being and offers the best protection against non-communicable diseases. Singapore studies have shown that many young children are not achieving the recommendations on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep. A workgroup was set up to develop recommendations for caregivers of infants, toddlers and preschoolers (aged <7 years) on how to integrate beneficial activities within a daily 24-hour period for optimal development and metabolic health. Method The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)- ADOLOPMENT approach was employed for adoption, adaption or de novo development of recommendations. International and national guidelines were used as references, and an update of the literature reviews up to September 2021 was conducted through an electronic search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases. Results Four consensus statements were developed for each age group: infants, toddlers and preschoolers. The statements focus on achieving good metabolic health through regular physical activity, limiting sedentary behaviour, achieving adequate sleep and positive eating habits. The 13th consensus statement recognises that integration of these activities within a 24-hour period can help obtain the best results. Conclusion This set of recommendations guides and encourages caregivers of Singapore infants, toddlers and preschoolers to adopt beneficial lifestyle activities within each 24-hour period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Sport & Exercise Medicine Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Dinesh Sirisena
- Department of Sports Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Michael Yong Hwa Chia
- Academic Group of Physical Education & Sports Science, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Benedict Tan
- Department of Sport & Exercise Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ethel Jie Kai Lim
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Joanne Shumin Gao
- Sport & Exercise Medicine Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Poh Chong Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Teresa Shu Zhen Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Moira Suyin Chia
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Ju Lynn Ong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - June Chi Yan Lo
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary Foong-Fong Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Le Ye Lee
- Department of Neonatology, Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Miriam Lee
- Division of Children & Youth Programme Development, Sport Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron Sim
- Division of Physical Activity & Weight Management, Health Promotion Board, Singapore
| | - Chui Mae Wong
- Department of Child Development, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Siao Hui Toh
- Physiotherapy Department, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Phaik Ling Quah
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kee Chong Ng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
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Crouch E, Probst JC, Shi S, McLain A, Eberth JM, Brown MJ, Merrell M, Bennett KJ. Examining the association between rurality and positive childhood experiences among a national sample. J Rural Health 2023; 39:105-112. [PMID: 36029275 PMCID: PMC10087371 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examines the association between rurality and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) among children and adolescents across all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Recent work has quantified the prevalence of PCEs at the national level, but these studies have been based on public use data files, which lack rurality information for 19 states. METHODS Data for this cross-sectional analysis were drawn from 2016 to 2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), using the full data set with restricted geographic data (n = 63,000). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to calculate proportions and unadjusted associations. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the association between residence and the PCEs that were significant in the bivariate analyses. FINDINGS Rural children were more likely than urban children to be reported as having PCEs: volunteering in their community (aOR 1.29; 95% CI 1.18-1.42), having a guiding mentor (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.45-2.10), residing in a safe neighborhood (aOR 1.97; 95% CI 1.54-2.53), and residing in a supportive neighborhood (aOR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01-1.20) than urban children. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of rural-urban differences in PCEs using the full NSCH is a unique opportunity to quantify exposure to PCEs. Given the higher baseline rate of PCEs in rural than urban children, programs to increase opportunities for PCEs in urban communities are warranted. Future research should delve further into whether these PCEs translate to better mental health outcomes in rural children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Crouch
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Health Services Policy & Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Janice C Probst
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sylvia Shi
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander McLain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jan M Eberth
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Monique J Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Melinda Merrell
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin J Bennett
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Mwamba B, Mayers P, Shea J. Sexual and reproductive health knowledge of postgraduate students at the University of Cape Town, in South Africa. Reprod Health 2022; 19:225. [PMID: 36522681 PMCID: PMC9756593 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally and in South Africa, university students' knowledge of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is low. This study was conducted in response to the dearth of information about the sexual and reproductive health knowledge of postgraduate students. Research conducted to explore the SRH knowledge of undergraduate students suggests that the level of SRH knowledge among undergraduate students is low. The aim of this study was to determine the SRH knowledge of postgraduate students with regards to contraceptives, sexually transmitted illnesses (STI), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Pap smear and clinical breast examination at University of Cape Town (UCT), in South Africa. METHOD A cross sectional survey design was utilized, using an adapted and pretested online questionnaire. The aim of this study was to determine the SRH knowledge of postgraduate students at the UCT. Minor adjustments were made to the questionnaire to suit the South African context. Selected aspects of SRH were included in the current study: knowledge and use of contraceptives, Pap smear, clinical breast examination, STIs and HIV. These variables were considered to be general enough to be answerable by male and female respondents and are the most important considerations in reproductive health care in South Africa, as there is a high prevalence of STIs, HIV and cervical and breast cancers. All postgraduate students enrolled in the first semester of 2017 (9444) were invited to anonymously complete the online survey. Data was exported to the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. RESULTS Four hundred and six (406) students completed the online survey, of whom 293 were female and 107 males. The age range of respondents was between 18 and 57 years, with the median age for both male and female respondents being 24 years. Six survey responses were excluded from the statistical analysis because of incomplete data. Post graduate students from the African continent comprised 90.75% of the respondents. Most respondents were white (51.50%) from both Africa and abroad. The results indicated that respondents knew about sexually transmitted infections, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Female respondents were more aware of breast examination, and the role of Papanicolaou smear (Pap smear) in SRH. Almost half of the respondents in this study (49%) stated that they had no need for more information about contraceptives. Lecturers were identified as one of the top five sources of information, which suggests that the university environment provides students with important SRH-related information. CONCLUSION Most postgraduate students had knowledge of sexual and reproductive health with regards to contraception, Pap smear, clinical breast examination, STIs, HIV and AIDS. Further research should focus on the relationship between SRH knowledge and usage among this population. As university lecturers were identified as an important source of information across faculties, the University should consider the incorporation of SRH education in the broader curriculum and as an integral component of student health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bupe Mwamba
- grid.7836.a0000 0004 1937 1151Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pat Mayers
- grid.7836.a0000 0004 1937 1151Associate Professor Emeritus, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa ,grid.8974.20000 0001 2156 8226School of Nursing, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jawaya Shea
- grid.7836.a0000 0004 1937 1151Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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How involved are parents in their child's early years setting's food decisions and practices? SSM. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN HEALTH 2022; 2:100142. [PMID: 36606099 PMCID: PMC9748307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As childhood obesity and poor nutrition rates in England continue to rise, parents and childcare practitioners have key partnership roles in ensuring young children have healthy balanced diets. Yet little is known about parents' understanding and involvement in their childcare settings' food decisions and practices, and how this might be strengthened. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with a purposive sample of 59 parents with one or more children attending early years settings in England. Framework analysis was used to explore the interviews. Epstein's model of parental partnerships was adapted as a reflective lens for the findings, and their implication for early years' policy and practice. Parents reported a lack of two-way communication on food, and of opportunities for active, meaningful engagement around food and healthy eating outside of one-to-one discussions of their child's specific needs and requirements. Some parents reported a lack of trust in the food related information provided by their childcare setting. As young children spend more time in formal childcare, it is increasingly important that trusting collaborative relationships are built between parents and childcare practitioners to ensure that children have the best start in life. This study adds to the limited literature on parental involvement in early years settings. Findings suggest that more policy work and development is needed in the early years sector, particularly in ensuring clear and accessible guidelines on food in early years settings are readily available, and that practitioners and parents have more clarity about their mutual roles and responsibilities in this.
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Guo S, O'Connor M, Mensah F, Olsson CA, Goldfeld S, Lacey RE, Slopen N, Thurber KA, Priest N. Measuring Positive Childhood Experiences: Testing the Structural and Predictive Validity of the Health Outcomes From Positive Experiences (HOPE) Framework. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:942-951. [PMID: 34801761 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Positive childhood experiences (PCEs), that occur within secure and nurturing social environments, are fundamental to healthy physical, social-emotional, and cognitive development. However, reliable measures of these experiences are not yet widely available. We used data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) to empirically represent and psychometrically evaluate 3 primary domains of PCEs defined within the Health Outcomes from Positive Experiences (HOPE) framework, specifically: 1) nurturing and supportive relationships; 2) safe and protective environments and; 3) constructive social engagement and connectedness. METHODS LSAC is a nationally representative cohort that has followed young Australians from birth since 2004. LSAC data were used to represent the 3 primary HOPE-PCEs domains (birth to 11 years) across 4 inter-related PCEs constructs: 1) positive parenting, 2) trusting and supportive relationships, 3) supportive neighborhood and home learning environments, and 4) social engagement and enjoyment. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the proposed 4-factor structure. Predictive validity was examined through associations with mental health problems and academic difficulties at 14 to 15 years. RESULTS The 4-factor structure was supported by empirical data at each time point. Higher exposure to PCEs across each domain was associated with lower reporting of mental health problems (β = -0.20 to -2.05) and academic difficulties (β = -0.01 to -0.13) in adolescence. CONCLUSIONS The 4 LSAC-based HOPE-PCEs have sufficient internal coherence and predictive validity to offer a potentially useful way of conceptualizing and measuring PCEs in future cohort studies and intervention trials aiming to enhance the understanding of, and mitigate the negative impacts of, adverse childhood experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijun Guo
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital (S Guo, S Goldfeld, and N Priest), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne (S Guo, M O'Connor, F Mensah, and S Goldfeld), Melbourne, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne (S Guo, M O'Connor, F Mensah, and S Goldfeld), Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Children's LifeCourse Initiative, Murdoch Children's Research Institute (M O'Connor), Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fiona Mensah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne (S Guo, M O'Connor, F Mensah, and S Goldfeld), Melbourne, Australia; Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute (F Mensah), Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig A Olsson
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital (CA Olsson), Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University (CA Olsson), Geelong, Australia
| | - Sharon Goldfeld
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital (S Guo, S Goldfeld, and N Priest), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne (S Guo, M O'Connor, F Mensah, and S Goldfeld), Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rebecca E Lacey
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London (RE Lacey), London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Slopen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health (N Slopen), Boston, Mass
| | - Katherine A Thurber
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University (KA Thurber), Canberra, Australia
| | - Naomi Priest
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital (S Guo, S Goldfeld, and N Priest), Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Social Research & Methods, The Australian National University (N Priest), Canberra, Australia.
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11
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Joseph PL. Managing health in inequitable contexts: Health capacities as integral to life course health development. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2022; 2022:145-168. [PMID: 35653299 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Health behavior models are widely used in prevention research with children and adolescents; yet, many of these models were developed based on adult experiences and fail to consider the development of health constructs. The concept of health capacity development is a theoretical model of how health capacities, the health-related developmental sociocultural resources individuals use to regulate their coactions with their environments to sustain health, develop. Health capacities are formed through person-environment transactions and thus, are informed by, and help individuals manage, the opportunities and constraints situated in their environments. The extent to which health capacities support long-term adaptive health development varies; yet, health capacities may be leveraged for adaptative functioning. Grounded in the Life Course Health Development (LCHD) framework and the principles of Relational Developmental Systems (RDS) metatheory, the development of three health capacities, their role in managing person-environment coactions, and their potential for facilitating displays of resilient functioning in inequitable contexts are described. Implications of the model, its limitations, and avenues for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrece L Joseph
- Eliot-Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Cheung AT, Li WHC, Ho LLK, Xia W, Luo Y, Chan GCF, Chung JOK. Associations of Physical Activity and Handgrip Strength with Different Domains of Quality of Life in Pediatric Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102554. [PMID: 35626159 PMCID: PMC9139327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of evidence about the associations of physical activity (PA) and handgrip strength (HGS) within different domains of quality of life (QoL) in Chinese pediatric cancer survivors. We, therefore, conducted this multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether increased PA level and HGS are associated with higher scores in different QoL domains (i.e., physical, emotional, social, and school functioning) in pediatric cancer survivors. PA was assessed with a validated self-reported PA rating scale. In total, 191 Chinese pediatric cancer survivors aged 9 to 16 years were included in the analysis. Results showed that engaging in a higher level of PA was significantly associated with improved QoL in different domains, including physical (β = 0.543, p < 0.001), emotional (β = 0.449, p < 0.001), social (β = 0.434, p < 0.001), and school functioning (β = 0.407, p < 0.001). Greater HGS was also associated with better physical (β = 0.230, p ≤ 0.001) and emotional (β = 0.261, p ≤ 0.001) functioning. Findings from this study provide evidence of the significant beneficial impact of regular PA on pediatric cancer survivors’ QoL along their survivorship trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankie Tan Cheung
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (A.T.C.); (L.L.K.H.)
| | - William Ho Cheung Li
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (A.T.C.); (L.L.K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3943-0889
| | - Laurie Long Kwan Ho
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (A.T.C.); (L.L.K.H.)
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Nursing, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Yuanhui Luo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Joyce Oi Kwan Chung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
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13
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Established social gradients across a wide range of child health issues including obesity, anxiety, infectious diseases, injuries, prematurity and low birth weight suggest that much illness is avoidable and there is an imperative to intervene in this whole of society issue. This review examines recent advances in understanding of the pathways to health and health inequalities and their application to interventions to improve health equity. RECENT FINDINGS Children's health develops over the life course in ways that are profoundly influenced by their entire developmental ecosystem including individual, family, community and system-level factors. Interventions to address child health inequalities must include action on the structural determinants of health, a greater focus on family and community health development, and attention to the acquisition of developmental capabilities. Nascent dynamic population health initiatives that address whole developmental ecosystems such as All Children Thrive, Better Start Bradford and Generation V, hold real promise for achieving child health equity. SUMMARY Pathways to health inequalities are driven by social and structural determinants of health. Interventions to address inequalities need to be driven less by older biomedical models, and more by prevailing ecological and complex systems models incorporating a life course health development approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Halfon
- UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities
- Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California
- Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health
- Department of Public Policy, UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shirley A. Russ
- UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities
- Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California
| | - Robert S. Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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14
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"I Don't Do Much Without Researching Things Myself": A Mixed Methods Study Exploring the Role of Parent Health Literacy in Autism Services Use for Young Children. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:3598-3611. [PMID: 34435270 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about how parent health literacy contributes to health-related outcomes for children with autism. This mixed-methods study included 82 U.S. parents of a child with autism 2-5 years-old and sought to describe (1) health literacy dimensions, (2) how health literacy influences services use, and (3) health literacy improvement strategies. Results showed: autism information was accessed from multiple sources; understanding autism information involved "doing your own research"; autism information empowered decision-making; health literacy facilitated behavioral services use; health literacy influenced medication use; family and system characteristics also affected services use; autism education remains needed; services information is needed across the diagnostic odyssey; and greater scientific information accessibility would increase uptake. Findings demonstrate how parent health literacy affects services use.
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15
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Oakley-Girvan I, Watterson JL, Jones C, Houghton LC, Gibbons MP, Gokal K, Magsamen-Conrad K. Use of Social Media for Cancer Prevention Through Neighborhood Social Cohesion: Protocol for a Feasibility Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e28147. [PMID: 34328445 PMCID: PMC8367166 DOI: 10.2196/28147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social cohesion is associated with healthier behaviors and better health outcomes, and therefore may offer a mechanism for promoting better health. Low socioeconomic status (SES) communities face higher rates of chronic disease due to both community- and individual-level factors. Objective The aim of this study is to leverage social cohesion to promote healthier behaviors and prevent chronic disease in a low SES community. This protocol outlines the methodology for a pilot study to assess the feasibility of an intervention (Free Time For Wellness [FT4W]) using a social networking platform (Nextdoor) with mothers living in an urban, low-income community to improve social cohesion and promote healthy behaviors. Methods The study will involve three phases: (I) co-designing the intervention with mothers in the neighborhoods of interest, (II) implementing the intervention with community leaders through the social networking platform, and (III) evaluating the intervention’s feasibility. Phase I of the study will include qualitative data collection and analysis from in-depth, semistructured interviews and a co-design group session with mothers. Phases II and III of the study include a pre- and postintervention survey of participating mothers. Neighborhood-level data on social cohesion will also be collected to enable comparison of outcomes between neighborhoods with higher and lower baseline social cohesion. Results As of March 2021, recruitment and data collection for this study are complete. This protocol outlines our original study plan, although the final enrollment numbers and intervention implementation deviated from our initial planned methodology that is outlined in this protocol. These implementation learnings will be shared in subsequent publications of our study results. Conclusions Ultimately, this study aims to: (1) determine the barriers and facilitators to finding free time for wellness among a population of low-income mothers to inform the co-design process, and (2) implement and study the feasibility of an intervention that leverages social cohesion to promote physical activity in a community of low-income mothers. The results of this study will provide preliminary feasibility evidence to inform a larger effectiveness trial, and will further our understanding of how social cohesion might influence well-being. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/28147
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Oakley-Girvan
- Medable, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,The Data and Technology Proving Ground Program, The Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Jessica L Watterson
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Center for Healthcare Organizational and Innovation Research, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Cheryl Jones
- Manchester Centre for Health Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren C Houghton
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, CA, United States
| | - Marley P Gibbons
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kajal Gokal
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Magsamen-Conrad
- Department of Communication Studies, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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16
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Service Coordination to Address Maternal Mental Health, Partner Violence, and Substance Use: Findings from a National Survey of Home Visiting Programs. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021; 22:633-644. [PMID: 33835378 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Maternal risks such as poor mental health, partner violence, and substance misuse can undermine child health and development. Maternal and early childhood home visiting programs address these risks primarily through referral and coordination with community-based services, yet effects on these outcomes have been small. This study assessed the strengths of local home visiting sites' systems to support coordination of mental health, partner violence, and substance use services. Investigators recruited home visiting sites (N = 88) representing diverse models from a national practice-based research network, the Home Visiting Applied Research Collaborative (HARC). Web-based surveys assessed five implementation system supports for coordination and nine coordination activities drawn from the Measurement Framework for Coordination developed earlier in the project. Surveys also assessed seven coordination barriers identified in previous research. Sites varied in their implementation supports and coordination activities; on average, sites had stronger systems in place to support screening and referring families than to support linkage and follow-up. Implementation supports and activity scores were higher for mental health and partner violence than for substance use. Across all service needs, scores were highest for offering a referral and documenting the caregiver's agreement for exchange of information between providers. Scores were lowest for offering a warm handoff. Lack of open slots and lack of transportation were major barriers to successful coordination for all three services. Results suggest that home visiting coordination could be strengthened by focusing on infrastructure for linkage and follow-up with services in the broader system of care.
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17
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Nygren US, Tindberg Y, Eriksson L, Larsson U, Sandberg H, Nordgren L. Healthcare professionals' perceptions about interprofessional teamwork: a national survey within Swedish child healthcare services. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:265. [PMID: 33752664 PMCID: PMC7983257 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, interprofessional teamwork is described as a key method to promote health and prevent illness in children, namely, to achieve the goals of Child Healthcare Services (CHS). However, how teamwork should be designed within CHS to achieve the goals is unclear. This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals' perceptions about 1) taking part in interprofessional teamwork, 2) team characteristics, and 3) whether the perceptions were related to professional affiliation or workplace. METHODS A national cross-sectional survey was conducted using a web-based study-specific questionnaire sent to all accessible nurses, physicians, and psychologists in Swedish CHS (n = 3552). The response rate was 31.5%. To identify possible associations, logistic regressions were conducted. RESULTS Almost all respondents, 1096/1119 (97.9%), reported taking part in some type of interprofessional teamwork within the Swedish CHS. Among those, the most common was team-based visits (82.2%). It was perceived that performing team-based visits resulted in fulfilled goals, expertise exceeding individual team members' competences, provision of high-quality care, and meeting children's and families' needs, to a greater extent, than if not performing team-based visits. Correspondingly, working as a team in parental groups was perceived as resulting in fulfilled goals, meeting the needs of children and their families, and continuity within the team to a greater extent than if not working together in a team. Professional affiliation was associated with different perceptions and types of teamwork. Family Centers were positively associated with all types of teamwork as well as continuity within the team. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professionals' perceptions about team characteristics were associated with professional affiliation, workplace, and type of teamwork (defined as team activities) within the CHS. Professionals within Swedish CHS, taking part in team-based visits and in interprofessional teamwork in parental groups, perceived that the team fulfilled its goals and met the needs of children and families to a greater extent than professionals not taking part in these types of teamwork. Professionals at Family Centers were more likely to work in teams in different ways. Knowledge about interprofessional teamwork for individuals and groups in Swedish CHS might also be valuable in other healthcare settings, dealing with complex needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Svea Nygren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 564, 751 22, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Center for Clinical Research Sörmland/Uppsala University, Box 529, 631 07, Eskilstuna, Sweden.
| | - Ylva Tindberg
- Center for Clinical Research Sörmland/Uppsala University, Box 529, 631 07, Eskilstuna, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Eriksson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 564, 751 22, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Larsson
- Center for Clinical Research Sörmland/Uppsala University, Box 529, 631 07, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Håkan Sandberg
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Box 883, 721 23, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Lena Nordgren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 564, 751 22, Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Clinical Research Sörmland/Uppsala University, Box 529, 631 07, Eskilstuna, Sweden
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18
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A Reliable and Valid Parent Self-Report Tool to Assess Children's Global Health Needs. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 56:e35-e41. [PMID: 32773207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop and validate a parent self-report questionnaire to explore global health needs in 2- to 6-year-old children. DESIGN AND METHODS The development of the tool started with a conceptualization phase, followed by the design, pilot testing and psychometric validation of the questionnaire. The construct validity was assessed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out to explore the construct validity of the questionnaire. The normed fit index (NFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), chi square test and comparative fit index (CFI) were used to test the goodness-of-fit. Reliability was explored through Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency. RESULTS A total of 973 parents completed the 119 items of the Necesidades de salud de la Población Infantil (NPI) questionnaire for the psychometric validation stage. The EFA identified seven factors: Lifestyles, Promotion of healthy lifestyles and influence of significant persons, Children's socioemotional aspects, Parents' socioemotional aspects, Parental self-efficacy, Situational influences, Professional advice. All the factors showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.7). The CFA showed good adjustment to the model (RMSEA = 0.048). The values of NFI and CFI were 0.741 and 0.779 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The NPI questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The seven-factor questionnaire will be useful for analyzing children's global health needs, designing health promotion programs according to identified needs and assessing related interventions.
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Bergling E, Farewell C, Puma J. Development of a Dissemination and Implementation Framework for an Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Program. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 52:1160-1165. [PMID: 33008744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science addresses the disconnect between evidence-based research and practical application in community settings. Early childhood education settings are ideal for the application of D&I research because of their widespread use for implementing health promotion interventions. A D&I framework was applied to the Culture of Wellness in Preschools program, a comprehensive early childhood obesity prevention program. The development and application of the Culture of Wellness in Preschools D&I framework can lead to a more comprehensive approach to program evaluation and quality improvement and can contribute more broadly to the body of evidence of nutrition-related health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bergling
- Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center, Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
| | - Charlotte Farewell
- Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center, Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jini Puma
- Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center, Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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Ghiara V. Commentary: Special Report: The Biology of Inequalities in Health: The Lifepath Consortium. Front Public Health 2020; 8:504530. [PMID: 33194935 PMCID: PMC7658384 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.504530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Ghiara
- Department of Philosophy, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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21
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Gulliford H, Deans J, Frydenberg E, Liang R. Teaching Coping Skills in the Context of Positive Parenting Within a Preschool Setting. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Gulliford
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne,
| | - Jan Deans
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne,
| | - Erica Frydenberg
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne,
| | - Rachel Liang
- Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne,
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22
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Weiss-Laxer NS, Crandall A, Hughes ME, Riley AW. Families as a Cornerstone in 21st Century Public Health: Recommendations for Research, Education, Policy, and Practice. Front Public Health 2020; 8:503. [PMID: 33072687 PMCID: PMC7530559 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Families are vastly overlooked in US initiatives to promote population health and health equity despite being the most proximal context for health across the life course. We urge the public health sector to take the lead in recognizing families as essential for promoting 21st century population health. We highlight ways families influence health by providing context, care, continuity, and connections. The dual private and public aspect of families has contributed to how they have been overlooked in the public health sector. We provide recommendations for better integrating families into population health initiatives through national health goals, research, education, policy, and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomi S Weiss-Laxer
- Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Research Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - AliceAnn Crandall
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Mary Elizabeth Hughes
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anne W Riley
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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23
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Lucchini-Raies C, Marquez-Doren F, Beca P, Perez JC, Campos S, Lopez-Dicastillo O. The CRIAA Program complex intervention in primary care to support women and their families in breastfeeding: Study protocol for a pilot trial. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:3641-3653. [PMID: 33058232 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To report a pilot study protocol to assess the feasibility of a complex intervention, in the primary healthcare context, to support women and their families in breastfeeding. DESIGN A pilot/feasibility trial with control and intervention groups. METHODS The study will be conducted in two primary healthcare centres with 40 childbearing women (20 control group; 20 intervention group), with their partner/meaningful person and their respective healthcare professionals. Intervention group participants will receive the intervention: (a) in a breastfeeding workshop during their third trimester of pregnancy; and (b) via virtual breastfeeding support for six months postpartum. Health professionals will be trained to deliver the intervention. The control group will receive standard care in the outpatient clinic. The pilot will help determine the intervention's feasibility. Data collected pre-intervention, 10-days postpartum and two-, four-, and six-months postpartum will provide estimates of the intervention's preliminary effects on self-efficacy and main outcomes. Research Ethics Committee approval was obtained in April 2019. DISCUSSION Breastfeeding support is a complex reality influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, approaches to breastfeeding are also, requiring interventions that address its multidimensional nature, including all actors involved. The proposed intervention will be applied by an interdisciplinary professional health team, allowing for its incorporation into standard practice and its perpetual maintenance. IMPACT The study will produce an original, comprehensive, complex intervention addressing contextual, and organizational factors to promote breastfeeding support using an interdisciplinary and family-based approach; breastfeeding self-efficacy is the core concept. The program evaluation and feasibility study will permit exploration of the integration of the intervention's novel aspects into the daily work of professionals and reveal how to better use existing resources in a full-scale clinical trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03944642.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Lucchini-Raies
- School of Nursing, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Paulina Beca
- School of Medicine, Family Health Center San Alberto Hurtado ANCORA, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Carola Perez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Solange Campos
- School of Nursing, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lindly O, Crossman M, Eaves M, Philpotts L, Kuhlthau K. Health Literacy and Health Outcomes Among Children With Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 125:389-407. [PMID: 32936893 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-125.5.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Developmental disabilities (DDs) are prevalent and associated with health disparities among children. Family health literacy of parents and/or children is one modifiable factor associated with child health; however, little is known about family health literacy for children with DDs. This systematic review was conducted to determine evidence on associations of health literacy with health outcomes among children with DDs. Medline, CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, PsycInfo, and Web of Science were searched through August 2018. Of 2,768 unique records, 53 full text articles were reviewed and four articles were included. Associations of family health literacy with health outcomes among children with DDs were mixed. Future research should include more diverse samples, greater breadth in health outcomes assessed, and increased methodological rigor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen Kuhlthau
- Karen Kuhlthau, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School
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Edwards T, Mkwanazi N, Mitchell J, Bland RM, Rochat TJ. Empowering parents for human immunodeficiency virus prevention: Health and sex education at home. South Afr J HIV Med 2020; 21:970. [PMID: 32670624 PMCID: PMC7343931 DOI: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v21i1.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving health literacy amongst human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive mothers could strengthen child and adolescent HIV prevention. The Amagugu intervention included health literacy materials to strengthen maternal communication and has demonstrated success in low-resource HIV-endemic settings. OBJECTIVES Our aims were to (1) evaluate whether Amagugu materials improved health literacy leading to changes in parental behaviour towards communicating on topics such as HIV, health behaviours and sex education, and (2) explore what additional information and materials mothers would find helpful. METHOD The Amagugu evaluation included 281 HIV-positive mothers and their HIV-uninfected children (6-10 years). Process evaluation data from exit interviews were analysed using content analysis and logistic regression techniques. RESULTS Of 281 mothers, 276 (98.0%) requested more educational storybooks: 99 (35.2%) on moral development/future aspirations, 92 (32.7%) on general health, safety and health promotion, and 67 (23.8%) on HIV and disease management. Compared to baseline, mothers reported that the materials increased discussion on the risks of bullying from friends (150; 53.4%), teacher problems (142; 50.5%), physical abuse (147; 52.3%) and sexual abuse (126; 44.8%). Most mothers used the 'HIV Body Map' for health (274; 97.5%) and sex education (267; 95.0%). The use of a low-cost doll was reported to enhance mother-child communication by increasing mother-child play (264; 94.3%) and maternal attentiveness to the child's feelings (262; 93.6%). CONCLUSION Parent-led health education in the home seems feasible, acceptable and effective and should be capitalised on in HIV prevention strategies. Further testing in controlled studies is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taygen Edwards
- Africa Health Research Institute, Somkhele, South Africa
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ntombizodumo Mkwanazi
- Human and Social Capabilities Division, Human Sciences Research Council, Durban, South Africa
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joanie Mitchell
- Lentegeur Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Health, Government of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ruth M Bland
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, Scotland
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tamsen J Rochat
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Weiss-Laxer NS, Johnson SB, Ghazarian SR, Osborne LM, Riley AW. Maternal behavioral health symptom profiles in early family life: complexity and context. Arch Womens Ment Health 2020; 23:429-439. [PMID: 31297651 PMCID: PMC7263010 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-019-00987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral health problems affect at least 15% of mothers, but few studies have examined how different problems cluster together. Characterizing symptom profiles and their correlates early in the family life cycle can extend existing understanding beyond that provided by studies based on single problems. Mothers in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study, a national birth cohort of racially diverse and mostly unmarried mothers (N = 4205), reported depression, anxiety, and substance dependence symptoms. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified mothers' symptom profiles in their children's third year. We explored associations between symptom profiles and demographics, reproductive health outcomes, functional limitations, and postpartum behavioral health. LCA identified five profiles: (1) Depression only (14.5% of sample), (2) Severe depression and anxiety (5.3%), (3) Anxiety only (2.2%), (4) Depression and substance use (1.4%), and (5) Currently symptom free (76.6%). Depressive symptoms were more moderate when co-occurring with substance dependence and more severe when co-occurring with anxiety. Postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, and smoking during pregnancy were the most robust correlates of being symptomatic in year 3. Mothers in the "Severe depression and anxiety" group were more likely to be in that profile if they reported functional impairment and/or relationship dissolution. Mothers in the "Depression only" profile were more likely to have higher parity and/or functional impairment. A quarter of mothers of young children had significant behavioral health symptoms, with most reporting depression symptoms. Psychosocial and physical health factors in the pregnancy and postpartum periods were associated with future symptoms, warranting obstetrician and pediatrician attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomi S Weiss-Laxer
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 North Wolfe St Room 2017, Baltimore, MD, 2017, USA
| | - Sharon R Ghazarian
- Health Informatics, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, 601 5th Street South, Suite 711, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Lauren M Osborne
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305C, Baltimore, 21205, MD, USA
| | - Anne W Riley
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Alimohammadi N, Jafari-Mianaei S, Bankipoor-Fard AH, Hasanpour M. Laying the Foundations of Lifelong Health at the Beginning of Life: Islamic Perspective. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:570-583. [PMID: 28836144 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this systematic literature review, all the Shiite-Islamic documents (Quran and Hadith) without any time limitation were surveyed, analyzed and synthesized for the purpose of determining the foundations of lifelong health. The data were analyzed and combined using inductive qualitative content analysis method. Two main categories were emerged from the analysis: "prevention of health problems" and "health maintenance and promotion." In conclusion based on Islamic perspective, the foundations of comprehensive health of a person, i.e., health in all physical, mental, social, and spiritual dimensions, are begun to form at four stages: the time of marriage of his parents, the moment of their conception, when he is unborn in his mother womb, and during infancy period. Observing religion instructions in this regard is not the sufficient condition for being completely healthy; however, such instructions can provide a base for being a healthy person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrollah Alimohammadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Str, PO Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheila Jafari-Mianaei
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Str, PO Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.
| | | | - Marzieh Hasanpour
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The Uniqueness and Importance of Children in Addressing Health Disparities Across the Life Course: Implications for Research. Epidemiology 2019; 30 Suppl 2:S60-S64. [PMID: 31569154 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Division of Intramural Population Health Research celebrates its 50th Anniversary, it is appropriate to recognize great achievements in reducing child morbidity and mortality and increasing life expectancy. Unfortunately large racial/ethnic and socioeconomic health and healthcare disparities persist. This commentary suggests a framework to clarify the research and interventions needed to eliminate health disparities starting early in the life course.
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Luo R, Emmers D, Warrinnier N, Rozelle S, Sylvia S. Using community health workers to deliver a scalable integrated parenting program in rural China: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Soc Sci Med 2019; 239:112545. [PMID: 31568997 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate care during early childhood can lead to long-term deficits in skill development. Parenting programs are promising tools for improving parenting practices and opportunities for healthy development. We implemented a non-masked cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural China in order to assess the effectiveness of an integrated home-visitation program that includes both psychosocial stimulation and health promotion at fostering development and health outcomes of infants and toddlers in rural China. All 6-18 month-old children of two rural townships and their main caregiver were enrolled. Villages were stratified by township and randomly assigned to intervention or control. Specifically, in September 2015 we assigned 43 clusters to treatment (21 villages, 222 caregiver-child dyads) or control (22 villages, 227 caregiver-child dyads). In the intervention group, community health workers delivered education and training on how to provide young children with psychosocial stimulation and health care (henceforth psychosocial stimulation and health promotion) during bi-weekly home visits over the period of one year. The control group received no home visits. Primary outcomes include measures of child development (i.e. the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition-or Bayley-III) and health (i.e. measures of morbidity, nutrition, and growth). Secondary outcomes are measures of parenting practices. Intention-to-treat (ITT) effects show that the intervention led to an improvement of 0·24 standard deviations (SD) [95% CI 0·04 SD-0·44 SD] in cognitive development and to a reduction of 8·1 [95% CI 3·8-12·4] percentage points in the risk of diarrheal illness. In addition, we find positive effects on parenting practices mirroring these results. We conclude that an integrated psychosocial stimulation and health promotion program improves development and health outcomes of infants and toddlers (6-30 month-old children) in rural China. Because of low incremental costs of adding program components (that is, adding health promotion to psychosocial stimulation programs), integrated programs may be cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfu Luo
- China Centre for Agricultural Policy (CCAP), School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Peking University (PKU), Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Scott Rozelle
- Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Sean Sylvia
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health and the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
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30
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Cohen SS, Fry-Bowers E, Bishop-Josef S, O'Neill MK, Westphaln K. Reframing child rights to effect policy change. Nurs Outlook 2019; 67:450-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Horta PM, Verly Junior E, Santos LCD. Usual diet quality among 8- to 12-year-old Brazilian children. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00044418. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00044418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Nutritional surveys are important information sources for public policy in the food and nutrition field. They focus on assessing usual dietary patterns, because health outcomes result from the long-term intake. Here we aimed to evaluate diet quality adjusted for day-to-day variance among Brazilian children. Data were collected between March 2013 and August 2015. The sample included 8- to 12-year-old children (n = 1,357) from public schools from all administrative regions of a Brazilian city. One 24-h dietary recall (24HR) was collected for the whole sample and two 24HR for two non-consecutive days of the same week for a subsample. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) was adapted to Brazilian food habits and the Brazilian dietary guidelines were used to evaluate diet quality. Statistical analysis included a multipart, nonlinear mixed model with correlated random effects proposed by the U.S. National Cancer Institute to correct diet quality for day-to-day variance. The adapted HEI-2010 total score was 51.8. Children with poorer diet quality (< 10th percentile) scored less than 41.1, and children with higher diet quality (> 90th percentile) scored more than 62.4. The overall adequacy of adapted HEI-2010 components was low. Higher adequacy percentages were identified for total protein foods (94.9%), greens (62.3%), and seafood and plant proteins (52.2%). Seven components showed less than 10% of adequacy: refined grains, fatty acids, dairy, sodium, total vegetable, whole grains, and empty calories. This study identified the main inadequacies among children’s diet quality, which can guide promotion actions for healthy eating.
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Health Disparities among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Analysis of the National Survey of Children’s Health 2016. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 49:1652-1664. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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O'Connor C, Glatt D, White L, Revuelta Iniesta R. Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions towards Vitamin D in a UK Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112387. [PMID: 30373274 PMCID: PMC6267199 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the United Kingdom is high, despite updated Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) guidelines. Therefore, our aims were to identify population knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of vitamin D supplementation and factors contributing to supplement use in a UK adult population. A cross-sectional study was performed between April⁻June 2018 using a newly designed piloted questionnaire. Scores for knowledge were calculated as a percentage (Boland et al. 2015). Logistic regression analysis was used to predict supplement use. 209 participants (82% female), mean (±SD) age 34.9 (±12.3) completed the questionnaire. The mean (±SD) vitamin D knowledge score was 56.6% (±19.9%); only 48% were concerned about their vitamin D concentration and 57% did not take vitamin D. Most participants (86%) wished to learn more about vitamin D. Knowledge score (OR 2.5; p = 0.01; 95% CI 1.2⁻5.3), concern (OR 2.1; p = 0.03; 95% CI 1.0⁻4.2) and location (OR 0.3; p = 0.006; 95% CI 0.1⁻0.7) predicted supplemented use. Individuals living in England had 2.9 (95% CI 1.4⁻6.3) lower odds of taking vitamin D than those living in Scotland. As a result of these findings, this study suggests that vitamin D supplementation and fortification, alongside education strategies, may be an effective method for improving UK vitamin D health; however, more research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clodagh O'Connor
- Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
| | - Dominique Glatt
- Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
| | - Lois White
- Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
| | - Raquel Revuelta Iniesta
- Dietetics, Nutrition and Biological Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
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Ruiz‐Zaldibar C, Serrano‐Monzó I, Mujika A. Parental competence programs to promote positive parenting and healthy lifestyles in children: a systematic review. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Ruiz-Zaldibar C, Serrano-Monzó I, Mujika A. Parental competence programs to promote positive parenting and healthy lifestyles in children: a systematic review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:238-250. [PMID: 29112860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the available evidence regarding the efficacy of interventions on parents whose children were aged 2-5 years to promote parental competence and skills for children's healthy lifestyles. SOURCE Articles published in English and Spanish, available at PubMed, Psycinfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Eric, and Cochrane Library were reviewed. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS The literature search yielded 2282 articles. Forty-one full texts were retrieved and assessed for inclusion using the PRISMA flow diagram. Twenty-six articles were excluded, as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. In the end, 15 studies were included. The studies were conducted between 2003 and 2016, nine in North America, four in Europe, and two in Asia. Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format. CASPe guide was used to assess the quality of studies that was moderate overall. Parental self-efficacy was the main construct assessed in most studies. Four studies reported an increase in parental self-efficacy, although most of them were studies without control groups. CONCLUSIONS Outcomes of interventions to improve parental competence in order to promote children's lifestyles are promising, but inconsistent. Additional studies with higher methodological and conceptual quality are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayetana Ruiz-Zaldibar
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Enfermería, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Investigación IMPULS, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Serrano-Monzó
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Enfermería, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Investigación IMPULS, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Agurtzane Mujika
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Enfermería, Pamplona, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de Investigación IMPULS, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Pakarinen A, Flemmich M, Parisod H, Selänne L, Hamari L, Aromaa M, Leppänen V, Löyttyniemi E, Smed J, Salanterä S. Protocol for digital intervention for effective health promotion of small children-A cluster randomized trial. J Adv Nurs 2018. [PMID: 29517802 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This article introduces the protocol of a study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of digital WellWe intervention in supporting the participation of families with small children in the promotion of their health. BACKGROUND Early childhood is a meaningful period for building a strong base for good health. Parents play a key role in affecting the health behaviour and psychosocial development of their children. A family-centred approach makes it possible to support families' individual health literacy needs and empower them to take actions towards promoting healthier behaviour. However, there are a lack of family-centred digital health interventions intended for parents and their small children. DESIGN The study is designed as a two-arm cluster, randomized, controlled trial with a 4-month follow-up. METHODS The data are being collected from 200 families with a 4-year-old child. Cluster randomization is being performed at the municipality level. Municipalities (N = 4) located in Southwest Finland, comprising child health clinics (N = 15) with their family clients, were randomly allocated to either an intervention (WellWe intervention) or a control group (usual care). The outcome measures include parental self-efficacy for healthy behaviours, mindfulness in parenting and the family-centred approach of the extensive health examination. Data collection is being performed at baseline, after the intervention and at a 4-month follow-up. DISCUSSION The results from this study will make it possible to determine whether this new method can be recommended for implementation in child health clinic settings to support the participation of families with small children in promoting their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Pakarinen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Magda Flemmich
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Parisod
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Selänne
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lotta Hamari
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna Aromaa
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, City of Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Leppänen
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jouni Smed
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Salanterä
- Department of Nursing Science, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Hoagwood KE, Atkins M, Horwitz S, Kutash K, Olin SS, Burns B, Peth-Pierce R, Kuppinger A, Burton G, Shorter P, Kelleher KJ. A Response to Proposed Budget Cuts Affecting Children's Mental Health: Protecting Policies and Programs That Promote Collective Efficacy. Psychiatr Serv 2018; 69:268-273. [PMID: 29089015 PMCID: PMC5832551 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201700126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Children stand to lose if the federal government follows through on threats to cut funding for critical safety-net programs that have long supported families and communities. Although cuts directly targeting children's mental health are a great concern, cuts to policies that support health, housing, education, and family income are equally disturbing. These less publicized proposed cuts affect children indirectly, but they have direct effects on their families and communities. The importance of these services is supported by an extensive body of social learning research that promotes collective efficacy-neighbors positively influencing each other-shown to have positive long-term effects on children's development and adult outcomes. In this article, the authors describe two federal programs that by virtue of their impact on families and communities are likely to promote collective efficacy and positively affect children's mental health; both programs are facing severe cutbacks. They suggest that states adopt a cross-system approach to promote policies and programs in general medical health, mental health, housing, education, welfare and social services, and juvenile justice systems as a viable strategy to strengthen families and communities and promote collective efficacy. The overall goal is to advance a comprehensive national mental health policy for children that enhances collaboration across systems and strengthens families and communities, which is especially critical for children living in marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Eaton Hoagwood
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marc Atkins
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sarah Horwitz
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Krista Kutash
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - S Serene Olin
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Barbara Burns
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Robin Peth-Pierce
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anne Kuppinger
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Geraldine Burton
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Priscilla Shorter
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kelly J Kelleher
- Dr. Hoagwood, Dr. Horwitz, Dr. Olin, Ms. Kuppinger, Ms. Burton, and Ms. Shorter are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York. Dr. Atkins is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Dr. Kutash is with the Department of Child and Family Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa. Dr. Burns is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Ms. Peth-Pierce is with Public Health Communications Consulting, LLC, Cleveland. Dr. Kelleher is with the Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
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Bettencourt AF, Gross D, Ho G, Perrin N. The Costly Consequences of not Being Socially and Behaviorally Ready to Learn by Kindergarten in Baltimore City. J Urban Health 2018; 95:36-50. [PMID: 29204846 PMCID: PMC5862700 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-017-0214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Social, emotional, and behavioral skills are foundational to learning and long-term success. However, poverty and exposure to adverse childhood experiences reduce the chances of children entering kindergarten socially-behaviorally ready to learn. This study examined the unique impact of 5-year-old children (N = 11,412) entering kindergarten not socially-behaviorally ready on three costly school outcomes by fourth grade in Baltimore City Public Schools: being retained in grade, receiving services and supports through an IEP or 504 plan, and being suspended/expelled. Controlling for all other types of school readiness, students not identified as socially-behaviorally ready for kindergarten were more likely to experience all three school outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of early prevention and intervention strategies targeting parents and social-behavioral readiness skills during the first 5 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie F Bettencourt
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 550 N Broadway, 9th Floor, Room 907, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Deborah Gross
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Grace Ho
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, School of Nursing, PQ426, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nancy Perrin
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Ginn CS, Mughal MK, Syed H, Storteboom AR, Benzies KM. Sustaining Engagement in Longitudinal Research With Vulnerable Families: A Mixed-Methods Study of Attrition. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2017; 23:488-515. [PMID: 29117759 DOI: 10.1177/1074840717738224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this mixed-methods study was to investigate attrition at the age 10-year follow-up in a study of vulnerable children and their families living with low income following a two-generation preschool program in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Quantitative factors associated with attrition included: (a) food bank use; (b) unstable housing; (c) child welfare involvement; (d) unpartnered status; and (e) caregiver noncompletion of high school. Qualitative themes related to attrition included: (a) income and employment; (b) health; (c) unstable housing; (d) change of guardianship; (e) domestic violence; (f) work and time management challenges; and (g) negative caregiver-child relationships. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative results occurred using Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs; families with unmet physiological, safety, belongingness and love needs, and esteem needs were more likely to attrite. Attrition in longitudinal studies with vulnerable families is complex, affected by frequently changing life circumstances, and struggles to access necessities of life. Strategies for retaining vulnerable families in longitudinal research are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hafsa Syed
- 2 Calgary Urban Project Society (CUPS) Health Education Housing, Alberta, Canada
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Jafari-Mianaei S, Alimohammadi N, Banki-Poorfard AH, Hasanpour M. An inquiry into the concept of infancy care based on the perspective of Islam. Nurs Inq 2017; 24. [PMID: 28836370 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
All schools of thought believe that infancy is crucial to the formation and development of the human character. Nevertheless, a search of literature revealed the lack of a clear definition of the concept of 'infancy care based on an Islamic perspective' in nursing texts. As the lack of a clear definition of a concept conveys the inapplicability of that concept to its relevant field and community, this study was conducted to explore and determine the characteristic features of the concept of infancy care based on the perspective of Islam. Walker and Avant's (Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Prentice Hall, Boston, 2011) literary concept synthesis as the manner of concept development approach was conducted. Islamic documents were surveyed without any time limitation. Findings involved the extraction of six main concepts, including God as the Merciful Nurturer, mother as the symbol of the Creativity and Divinity of God, infant as a person with dignity and potential for excellence, parents as the nurture way paver, basic principles of nurturing, and holistic lifelong health promotion. The theoretical definition of each concept was presented. From the perspective of Islam, infant care is the nurturing of a human who has been conceived with dignity, certain rights, identity, and the capacity for development and excellence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Jafari-Mianaei
- Nursing and Midwifery Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Alimohammadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Marzieh Hasanpour
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shen Y, Moore A, Yang PQ, Yeatts DE. Family, neighbourhood, and children’s health: Trends and racial/ethnic disparities between 2003 and 2007 in the U.S. Glob Public Health 2017; 12:970-987. [DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2016.1172101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Shen
- Department of Sociology, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Ami Moore
- Department of Sociology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Philip Q. Yang
- Department of Sociology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Dale E. Yeatts
- Department of Sociology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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42
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Schmid J, Chiba J. The intersection of abandonment, HIV-positive status and residential care for a group of perinatally infected adolescents. AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH 2017; 16:47-56. [PMID: 28367745 DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2017.1296476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although anti-retroviral treatments have significantly reduced the incidence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and AIDS, there remains, for the foreseeable future, a group of adolescents who have been perinatally infected. Noting the paucity of information regarding the impact of paediatric AIDS and its intersection with residential care, this paper investigates the lived realities of 20 South African adolescents who were vertically infected with HIV and AIDS, were abandoned, and have been raised in residential care. The exploratory study highlights that for these youth the dimensions of their adolescence, HIV-positive status and associated abandonment as well as life in residential care are mutually reinforcing and interconnected. Issues of race and class also interact with these social dimensions. Ultimately, these dimensions intersect to create a particular form of social exclusion. Intentional, critical intervention is required on the micro level to support these teens develop a coherent identity. On the meso level, the residential facility should actively facilitate community integration, particularly with the adolescents' communities (and where possible, families) of origin. Governments need to strengthen intersectoral, rights-based responses and in particular, address the consequences of cognitive impairment associated with perinatal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Schmid
- a Centre for Social Development in Africa , University of Johannesburg , Auckland Park , South Africa.,b Grandview Court , Nanaimo , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Jenita Chiba
- a Centre for Social Development in Africa , University of Johannesburg , Auckland Park , South Africa
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Zhang T(C, Kandampully J, Choi HY. The role of employee wellness programme in the hospitality industry: a review of concepts, research, and practice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/22243534.2014.11828313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay Kandampully
- Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hye Yoon Choi
- Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Nakigudde J, Bauta B, Wolf S, Huang KY. Screening Child Social-emotional and Behavioral Functioning in Low-Income African Country Contexts. JACOBS JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:016. [PMID: 30148211 PMCID: PMC6107071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND children in low-income countries (LICs). Currently, there is little information available on the use of brief screening instruments Increased attention is being paid to identifying and responding to the social-emotional and behavioral needs of in LICs. The lack of psychometrically sound brief assessment tools creates a challenge in determining the population prevalence of child social-emotional and behavioral risk burden in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country contexts. This study sought to determine the reliability and validity of three brief parent-rated screening tools-the Social Competence Scale (SCS), Pictorial Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PPSC), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)-in Uganda. These tools consider both strength- and pathology-based dimensions of child outcomes. METHODS Parents of 154 Ugandan 5-9 year-old children who were enrolled in Nursery to Primary 3 in Kampala (the capital city of Uganda) and part of a school-based mental health intervention trial were recruited and interviewed. About 54% of parents had educational attainment of primary school level or less. One hundred and one of these parents were interviewed a second time, about 5 months after the first/baseline assessment. Data from both time points were utilized to assess reliability and validity. RESULTS Inspection of psychometric properties supports the utility of these three brief screening measures to assess children's social-emotional and behavioral functioning as demonstrated by adequate internal consistency, temporal stability, discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and predictive validity. Subscales from three screening measures were inter-related and associated with family characteristics, such as parental depression and food insecurity, in the expected directions. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence supporting the appropriateness of using three tools and applying the developmental and behavioral constructs measured in each assessment in a low-income African setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Besa Bauta
- School of Social Work, New York University, United States
| | - Sharon Wolf
- Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Keng-Yen Huang
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, United States
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Liao LL, Liu CH, Cheng CC, Chang TC. Defining Taiwanese children's health literacy abilities from a health promotion perspective. Glob Health Promot 2016; 24:69-80. [PMID: 27353116 DOI: 10.1177/1757975915626114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health literacy is related to health inequality, health behaviors, and health status. Globally, health literacy has primarily focused on adults and has been based on the medical model. It is necessary to understand children's life experiences as they relate to health; thus, this study attempted to evaluate and describe the health literacy abilities of sixth-graders in Taiwan. METHODS Interviews were conducted with 10 teachers and 11 caregivers, and focus groups were conducted with 32 children. Health literacy abilities corresponding to real-life situations were identified from life skills and the Taiwanese Curriculum Guidelines for health education. Three expert meetings were held to redefine children's health literacy using a health promotion perspective and confirmed indicators. RESULTS An operational definition of three aspects of children's health literacy and 25 abilities was proposed: 11 functional health literacy abilities (e.g. understands the connection between personal health care behaviors and health); seven interactive health literacy abilities (e.g. obtains and understands information from various channels); and seven critical health literacy abilities (e.g. analyzes the relationship between personal needs and diet choices for a balanced diet). These indicators cover 10 health education categories. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of understanding Taiwanese children's health literacy, and the urgency of developing an appropriate measurement tool. The definition and indicators in this study were identified using a child-centered approach focusing on children's real-life experiences. The result serves as a solid basis for the development of the Taiwan Children's Health Literacy Scale, and provides information for the decision-making sector on health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ling Liao
- 1 Department of Health Management, I-Shou University, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsing Liu
- 2 Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chia Cheng
- 3 Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chau Chang
- 4 Graduate Institute of Environmental Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
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46
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Lindly OJ, Zuckerman KE, Mistry KB. Clarifying the Predictive Value of Family-Centered Care and Shared Decision Making for Pediatric Healthcare Outcomes Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Health Serv Res 2016; 52:313-345. [PMID: 27072197 DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate (1) family-centered care (FCC) and shared decision-making (SDM) prevalence, and (2) associations of FCC and SDM (FCC/SDM) with health care outcomes among U.S. children. DATA SOURCE The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component (MEPS-HC), a nationally representative survey of the noninstitutionalized, civilian population. STUDY DESIGN Secondary analyses of prospectively collected data on 15,764 U.S. children were conducted to examine FCC/SDM prevalence in year 1 and associations of FCC/SDM in year 1 with health services utilization, medical expenditures, and unmet health care needs in year 2. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS We combined four MEPS-HC longitudinal files from 2007 to 2011. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS FCC/SDM prevalence in year 1 varied from 38.6 to 93.7 percent, and it was lower for composites with more stringent scoring approaches. FCC/SDM composites with stringent scoring approaches in year 1 were associated with reduced unmet needs in year 2. FCC/SDM, across all year 1 composites, was not associated with health services utilization or medical expenditures in year 2. FCC/SDM year 1 subcomponents describing consensus building and mutual agreement were consistently associated with unmet health care needs in year 2. CONCLUSIONS FCC/SDM composites with stringent scoring approaches measuring consensus building and mutual agreement may have the greatest utility for pediatric health care quality improvement efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Lindly
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.,Division of General Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Kamila B Mistry
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Office of Extramural Research, Education, and Priority Populations, Rockville, MD
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47
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Pascoe JM, Wood DL, Duffee JH, Kuo A. Mediators and Adverse Effects of Child Poverty in the United States. Pediatrics 2016; 137:peds.2016-0340. [PMID: 26962239 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between poverty and children's health is well recognized. Even temporary poverty may have an adverse effect on children's health, and data consistently support the observation that poverty in childhood continues to have a negative effect on health into adulthood. In addition to childhood morbidity being related to child poverty, epidemiologic studies have documented a mortality gradient for children aged 1 to 15 years (and adults), with poor children experiencing a higher mortality rate than children from higher-income families. The global great recession is only now very slowly abating for millions of America's children and their families. At this difficult time in the history of our nation's families and immediately after the 50th anniversary year of President Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty, it is particularly germane for the American Academy of Pediatrics, which is "dedicated to the health of all children," to publish a research-supported technical report that examines the mediators associated with the long-recognized adverse effects of child poverty on children and their families. This technical report draws on research from a number of disciplines, including physiology, sociology, psychology, economics, and epidemiology, to describe the present state of knowledge regarding poverty's negative impact on children's health and development. Children inherit not only their parents' genes but also the family ecology and its social milieu. Thus, parenting skills, housing, neighborhood, schools, and other factors (eg, medical care) all have complex relations to each other and influence how each child's genetic canvas is expressed. Accompanying this technical report is a policy statement that describes specific actions that pediatricians and other child advocates can take to attenuate the negative effects of the mediators identified in this technical report and improve the well-being of our nation's children and their families.
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48
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Minkovitz CS, O'Neill KMG, Duggan AK. Home Visiting: A Service Strategy to Reduce Poverty and Mitigate Its Consequences. Acad Pediatr 2016; 16:S105-11. [PMID: 27044687 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Home visiting programs are increasingly recognized as an important part of the early childhood system of care in the United States. The objectives of this report are to review the rationale for home visiting; characterize the Federal Home Visiting Program; highlight the evidence of home visiting effectiveness, particularly for low income families; identify opportunities to promote coordination between medical homes and home visiting programs; and explain the critical role of research, evaluation, and quality improvement to strengthen home visiting effectiveness. Home visiting programs offer voluntary home-based services and other supports to meet the needs of vulnerable pregnant women and young families. Home visiting intends to address poverty in 2 ways. First, it promotes economic self-sufficiency directly by building parents' knowledge, skills, and motivation related to employment opportunities and by linking families with community services such as adult education and job training. Second, it mitigates the effects of poverty through direct service and community linkages to enhance parents' capacity for positive parenting and for their own health and family functioning. Home visiting has shown effectiveness in multiple domains, including family economic self-sufficiency, birth outcomes, maternal health, child health and development, and positive parenting practices. Authorized as part of the Affordable Care Act in 2010 and reauthorized in 2015, the Federal Home Visiting Program invests an unprecedented $1.9 billion in the form of grants to states to expand home visiting programs and support rigorous research. As part of the early childhood system of services, home visiting programs must coordinate with other community services and supports. Programs will be most effective when resources are used efficiently, duplication of services is avoided, and alignment and reinforcement of other providers' messages are achieved. The Federal Home Visiting Program has established 4 mechanisms of research, evaluation, and quality improvement to enhance home visiting implementation and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia S Minkovitz
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Kay M G O'Neill
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anne K Duggan
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
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49
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Child Care Provider Awareness and Prevention of Cytomegalovirus and Other Infectious Diseases. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-015-9325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Nelson BB, Bonuck K. Healthy sleep in young children: missed opportunity in early childhood programs and policies? Sleep Health 2015; 1:86-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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