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Wei F, Wang J, Luo L, Tayyab Rashid M, Zeng L. The perception and influencing factors of astringency, and health-promoting effects associated with phytochemicals: A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112994. [PMID: 37316067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Astringency as the complex sensory of drying or shrinking can be perceived from natural foods, including abundant phenolic compounds. Up to now, there have been two possible astringency perception mechanisms of phenolic compounds. The first possible mechanism involved chemosensors and mechanosensors and took salivary binding proteins as the premise. Although piecemeal reports about chemosensors, friction mechanosensor's perception mechanisms were absent. There might be another perception way because a part of astringent phenolic compounds also triggered astringency although they could not bind with salivary proteins, however, the specific mechanism was unclear. Structures caused the differences in astringency perception mechanisms and intensities. Except for structures, other influencing factors also changed astringency perception intensity and aimed to decrease it, which probably ignored the health-promoting effects of phenolic compounds. Therefore, we roundly summarized the chemosensor's perception processes of the first mechanism. Meanwhile, we speculated that friction mechanosensor's probably activated Piezo2 ion channel on cell membranes. Phenolic compounds directly binds with oral epithelial cells, activating Piezo2 ion channel probably the another astringency perception mechanism. Except for structure, the increase of pH values, ethanol concentrations, and viscosity not only lowered astringency perception but were beneficial to improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of astringent phenolic compounds, which contributed to stronger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiaging and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tea Research Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Rashid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Samynathan R, Govindasamy R, Thiruvengadam M, Kim JH. Association of nanoparticles and Nrf2 with various oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110535. [PMID: 37187268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regultes the cellular antioxidant defense system at the posttranscriptional level. During oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released from its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and binds to antioxidant response element (ARE) to transcribe antioxidative metabolizing/detoxifying genes. Various transcription factors like aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and epigenetic modification including DNA methylation and histone methylation might also regulate the expression of Nrf2. Despite its protective role, Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling is considered as a pharmacological target due to its involvement in various pathophysiological conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, hepatotoxicity and kidney disorders. Recently, nanomaterials have received a lot of attention due to their unique physiochemical properties and are also used in various biological applications, for example, biosensors, drug delivery systems, cancer therapy, etc. In this review, we will be discussing the functions of nanoparticles and Nrf2 as a combined therapy or sensitizing agent and their significance in various diseases such as diabetes, cancer and oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Ramkumar Samynathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Rajakumar Govindasamy
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Rajput A, Sharma P, Singh D, Singh S, Kaur P, Attri S, Mohana P, Kaur H, Rashid F, Bhatia A, Jankowski J, Arora V, Tuli HS, Arora S. Role of polyphenolic compounds and their nanoformulations: a comprehensive review on cross-talk between chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:901-924. [PMID: 36826494 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects a huge portion of the world's population and frequently leads to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It might be because of common risk factors between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Renal dysfunction caused by chronic kidney disease creates oxidative stress which in turn leads to cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress causes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in heart which results in atherosclerosis. It ends in clogging of veins and arteries that causes cardiac stroke and myocardial infarction. To develop an innovative therapeutic approach and new drugs to treat these diseases, it is important to understand the pathophysiological mechanism behind the CKD and CVDs and their interrelationship. Natural phytoconstituents of plants such as polyphenolic compounds are well known for their medicinal value. Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with immense antioxidant properties, which can protect from free radical damage. Nowadays, polyphenols are generating a lot of buzz in the scientific community because of their potential health benefits especially in the case of heart and kidney diseases. This review provides a detailed account of the pathophysiological link between CKD and CVDs and the pharmacological potential of polyphenols and their nanoformulations in promoting cardiovascular and renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Rajput
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Palvi Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sharabjit Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vanita Arora
- Sri Sukhmani Dental College & Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Nanoparticles loaded with pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: Biomedical applications and toxicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113214. [PMID: 36893664 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacologically active natural products have played a significant role in the history of drug development. They have acted as sources of therapeutic drugs for various diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases. However, most natural products suffer from poor water solubility and low bioavailability, limiting their clinical applications. The rapid development of nanotechnology has opened up new directions for applying natural products and numerous studies have explored the biomedical applications of nanomaterials loaded with natural products. This review covers the recent research on applying plant-derived natural products (PDNPs) nanomaterials, including nanomedicines loaded with flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, alkaloids, and quinones, especially their use in treating various diseases. Furthermore, some drugs derived from natural products can be toxic to the body, so the toxicity of them is discussed. This comprehensive review includes fundamental discoveries and exploratory advances in natural product-loaded nanomaterials that may be helpful for future clinical development.
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Yang Y, Yu J, Huo J, Yan Y. Sesamolin Attenuates Kidney Injury, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, and Gut Microbiota Imbalance in High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1562-1576. [PMID: 36630317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of sesamolin on kidney injury, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota imbalance in high-fat and high-fructose (HF-HF) diet-fed mice and explored the underlying correlations among them. The results indicated that sesamolin suppressed metabolic disorders and increased renal function parameters. Histological evaluation showed that sesamolin mitigated renal epithelial cell degeneration and brush border damage. Meanwhile, sesamolin inhibited the endotoxin-mediated induction of the Toll-like receptor 4-related IKKα/NF-κB p65 pathway activation. Additionally, sesamolin mitigated intestinal barrier dysfunction and improved the composition of gut microbiota. The correlation results further indicated that changes in the dominant phyla, including Firmicutes, Deferribacterota, Desulfobacterota, and Bacteroidota, were more highly correlated with a reduction in endotoxemia and metabolic disorders, as well as decreases in intestinal proinflammatory response and related renal risk biomarkers. The results of this study suggest that sesamolin attenuates kidney injuries, which might be associated with its effects on the reduction of endotoxemia and related metabolic disorders through the restoration of the intestinal barrier and the modulation of gut microbiota. Thus, sesamolin may be a potential dietary supplement for protection against obesity-associated kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jiayao Huo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Deng Q, Wang W, Zhang L, Chen L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, He S, Li J. Gougunao tea polysaccharides ameliorate high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and modulate gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:703-719. [PMID: 36511170 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01828d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Many natural polysaccharides have been proven to have ameliorative effects on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia with fewer side effects. However, similar data on Gougunao tea polysaccharides remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Gougunao tea polysaccharides (GTP40) in the alleviation of hyperlipidemia and regulation of gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice induced by a high-fat diet. The results indicated that GTP40 intervention inhibited the abnormal growth of body weight and the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in the livers and ameliorated the biochemical parameters of serum/liver related to lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. The elevated levels of antioxidant enzyme and anti-inflammation cytokine in serum, as well as the up-regulating anti-inflammation gene in the liver, reflected that GTP40 might mitigate the oxidative and inflammatory stress induced by a high-fat diet. In addition, GTP40 could modulate the composition, abundance, and diversity of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia mice. Besides, Spearman's correlation analysis implied that GTP40 intervention could enrich beneficial bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Alistipes), and decrease harmful bacteria (e.g., Blautia, Faecalibaculum, Streptococcus, and norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae), which were correlated with the lipid metabolic parameters associated with hyperlipidemia. Moreover, it also indicated that there was a significant correlation between gut microbiota and SCFAs. Thus, GTP40 may be a novel strategy against fat accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as restoring the normal microbial balance of the gut in hyperlipidemia mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihuan Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Lieyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China. .,Technical Center of Nanchang Customs, Nanchang 330038, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Qingfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Sichen He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Jingen Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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You L, Huang L, Jang J, Hong YH, Kim HG, Chen H, Shin CY, Yoon JH, Manilack P, Sounyvong B, Lee WS, Jeon MJ, Lee S, Lee BH, Cho JY. Callerya atropurpurea suppresses inflammation in vitro and ameliorates gastric injury as well as septic shock in vivo via TLR4/MyD88-dependent cascade. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154338. [PMID: 35921773 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callerya atropurpurea is a traditional plant in a tropical zone discovered to have anti-inflammatory functions. PURPOSE we want to investigate the mechanism related to anti-inflammation of C. atropurpurea ethanol extract (Ca-EE) both in vitro and in vivo. STUDY DESIGN Murine macrophage cells and mouse models for gastritis and septic shock were conducted to evaluate the abilities of Ca-EE in anti-inflammation. METHODS Ca-EE was tested by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. NO outcome was checked by Griess reagent test. Cell viabilities were evaluated using MTT assay. Inflammatory cytokines were determined via RT-PCR and ELISA. The mechanism of Ca-EE in anti-inflammation was investigated by luciferase reporter gene assay and immunoblot in transcription level and protein level respectively. Gastric injury and septic shock administrated with Ca-EE were studied by H&E, PCR, and immunoblot. RESULTS Ca-EE significantly decreased LPS-induced NO production, but hardly stimulated the expression of NO itself. It not only showed no cytotoxicity, but also protected cells from LPS damage. Moreover, Ca-EE decreased TLR4 expression, altered MyD88 recruitment and TRAF6, and suppressed the phospho-Src/PI3K/AKT. Ca-EE inhibited downstream signaling P38, JNK and NF-κB. Finally, Ca-EE alleviated HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis and LPS/poly (I:C)-induced septic shock through the previously mentioned signaling cascades. CONCLUSION Ca-EE exhibited an integrated and promising mechanism against TLR4-related inflammation, which shows potential for treating gastritis, septic shock, and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long You
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Jang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Yun Shin
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yoon
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Philaxay Manilack
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, PO Box 2932, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Bounthan Sounyvong
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, PO Box 2932, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Woo-Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Jeon
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 222689, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 222689, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 222689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Sharma N, Sircar A, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Crosstalk between kidney and liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1024-1038. [PMID: 32223569 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1745851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver and kidney are vital organs that maintain homeostasis and injury to either of them triggers pathogenic pathways affecting the other. For example, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) promotes the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), vice versa acute kidney injury (AKI) endorses the induction and progression of liver dysfunction. Progress in clinical and basic research suggest a role of excessive fructose intake, insulin resistance, inflammatory cytokines production, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, redox imbalance, and their impact on epigenetic regulation of gene expression in this context. Recent developments in experimental and clinical research have identified several biochemical and molecular pathways for AKI-liver interaction, including altered liver enzymes profile, metabolic acidosis, oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory and regulated cell death pathways. This review focuses on the current preclinical and clinical findings on kidney-liver crosstalk in NAFLD-CKD and AKI-liver dysfunction settings and highlights potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anannya Sircar
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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Chen F, Liu Q. Demystifying phytoconstituent-derived nanomedicines in their immunoregulatory and therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114317. [PMID: 35533788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, phytoconstituents have appeared as critical mediators for immune regulations among various diseases, both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. These bioactive molecules, showing a broad range of biological functions, would hold tremendous promise for developing new therapeutics. The discovery of phytoconstituents' capability of functionally regulating immune cells and associating cytokines, suppressing systemic inflammation, and remodeling immunity have rapidly promoted the idea of their employment as anti-inflammatory agents. In this review, we discuss various roles of phyto-derived medicines in the field of inflammatory diseases, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and acute inflammatory disease such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, traditional phyto-derived medicines often concurred with their clinical administration limitations, such as their lack of cell specificity, inefficient cytoplasmic delivery, and rapid clearance by the immune system. As alternatives, phyto-derived nano-approaches may provide significant benefits. Both unmodified and engineered nanocarriers present the potential to serve as phytoconstituent delivery systems to improve therapeutic physio-chemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles. Thus, the development of phytoconstituents' nano-delivery designs, their new and perspective approaches for therapeutical applications are elaborated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Chen
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, Suite 216, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States.
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Impact of adiponectin and quercetin on alleviating palmitic acid-induced kidney cell damage through Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Role of TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway in the Occurrence and Development of Uremia-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy and Possible Mechanism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7883643. [PMID: 34691222 PMCID: PMC8528592 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7883643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are relatively high. Studies have shown that most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) die from cardiovascular complications. Clinically, the pathophysiological state in which heart disease and kidney disease are causal and influence each other is called cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Myocardial hypertrophy is the key stage of the heart structure changing from reversible to irreversible. It is an important pathophysiological basis for heart failure. Therefore, this study intends to start with the end-stage uremic phase of CKD to construct an animal model of uremia in rats to study the relationship between uremia, TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, and myocardial hypertrophy. The results showed that the uremic rats showed slow weight gain and were thinner. At 12 weeks (w), the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen of the uremic rats increased, and the global hypertrophy index increased. Detecting the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor (MyD88) in blood samples of rats, we found that the expression of TLR4 and MyD88 increased at 12 w in the uremia group; pathological observation showed that at 4 weeks of uremia model rats, renal tissue compensatory hypertrophy, renal fibrous membrane proliferation, renal parenchyma atrophy, a large number of fibrous proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium, and protein casts in the renal tubules were observed. Myocardial cells were obviously hypertrophy and disordered. At 12 w, renal tubules were obviously expanded, the epithelium was flat, the brush border disappeared, and the interstitial fibrous connective tissue of the myocardial tissue was proliferated. The detection of TLR4 and MyD88 in kidney tissue and myocardial tissue revealed that the positive expression of TLR4 and MyD88 gradually increased over time. Therefore, the final result of the study is that uremia can gradually lead to myocardial hypertrophy and TLR4 and MyD88 are highly expressed in serum, kidney, and myocardial tissues of uremic rats, suggesting that TLR4 and MyD88 may be related to the degree of uremic disease and the myocardium caused by it. Hypertrophy is related.
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Transit and Metabolic Pathways of Quercetin in Tubular Cells: Involvement of Its Antioxidant Properties in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060909. [PMID: 34205156 PMCID: PMC8228652 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it has been postulated as a molecule with great therapeutic potential. The renoprotective capacity of quercetin against various toxins that produce oxidative stress, in both in vivo and in vitro models, has been shown. However, it is not clear whether quercetin itself or any of its metabolites are responsible for the protective effects on the kidney. Although the pharmacokinetics of quercetin have been widely studied and the complexity of its transit throughout the body is well known, the metabolic processes that occur in the kidney are less known. Because of that, the objective of this review was to delve into the molecular and cellular events triggered by quercetin and/or its metabolites in the tubular cells, which could explain some of the protective properties of this flavonoid against oxidative stress produced by toxin administration. Thus, the following are analyzed: (1) the transit of quercetin to the kidney; (2) the uptake mechanisms of quercetin and its metabolites from plasma to the tubular cells; (3) the metabolic processes triggered in those cells, which affect the accumulation of metabolites in the intracellular space; and (4) the efflux mechanisms of these compounds and their subsequent elimination through urine. Finally, it is discussed whether those processes that are mediated in the tubular cells and that give rise to different metabolites are related to the antioxidant and renoprotective properties observed after the administration of quercetin.
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Chiang MC, Nicol CJB, Lin CH, Chen SJ, Yen C, Huang RN. Nanogold induces anti-inflammation against oxidative stress induced in human neural stem cells exposed to amyloid-beta peptide. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:104992. [PMID: 33609598 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive memory loss resulting in dementia. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to neurodegeneration in the brains of AD patients. Numerous in vitro 3D cell culture models are useful mimics for understanding cellular changes that occur during AD under in vivo conditions. The 3D Bioprinter developed at the CELLINK INKREDIBLE was used in this study to directly investigate the influence of 3D conditions on human neural stem cells (hNSCs) exposed to Aβ. The development of anti-AD drugs is usually difficult, mainly due to a lack of therapeutic efficacy and enhanced serious side effects. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) demonstrate benefits in the treatment of several diseases, including AD, and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for AD patients. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms by which AuNPs exert these beneficial effects in hNSCs treated with Aβ are still not well understood. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that AuNPs protect against Aβ-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in hNSCs under 3D conditions. Here, we showed that AuNPs improved the viability of hNSCs exposed to Aβ, which was correlated with the reduction in the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, AuNPs rescued the levels of the transcripts of inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK) in Aβ-treated hNSCs. The Aβ-mediated increases in mRNA, protein, and nuclear translocation levels of NF-κB (p65), a key transcription factor involved in inflammatory responses, were all significantly abrogated following co-treatment of hNSCs with AuNPs. In addition, treatment with AuNPs significantly restored iNOS and COX-2 levels in Aβ-treated hNSCs. Importantly, hNSCs co-treated with AuNPs were significantly protected from Aβ-induced oxidative stress, as detected using the DCFH-DA and DHE staining assays. Furthermore, hNSCs co-treated with AuNPs were significantly protected from the Aβ-induced reduction in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2 downstream antioxidant target genes (SOD-1, SOD-2, Gpx1, GSH, Catalase, and HO-1). Moreover, AuNPs reduced the aggregates and increased the proteasome activity and the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 genes in Aβ-treated hNSCs. Taken together, these findings provide the first evidence extending our understanding of the molecular mechanisms under 3D scaffold conditions by which AuNPs reverse the inflammation and oxidative stress-induced in hNSCs exposed to Aβ. These findings may facilitate the development of novel treatments for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.
| | - Christopher J B Nicol
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Chien-Hung Lin
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiuun Chen
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chiahui Yen
- Department of International Business, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Huang
- Department of Entomology and Research Center for Plant-Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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Integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore Rhizoma Coptidis extracts against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1164:122525. [PMID: 33454441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis remains the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, increasing the risk of in-hospital and long-term death. Rhizoma Coptidis (RC), a classical traditional Chinese herb, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in various diseases including sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of RC extracts (RCE) against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and explore the underlying mechanisms with metabolomics-based network pharmacology. The results showed that RCE improved renal function and histological injury and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in SA-AKI. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS), 25 differential metabolites were identified that had a close connection with the pathological processes of SA-AKI and the effects of RCE. Afterward, a compound-metabolite-target-disease network was constructed and 17 overlapping target proteins of the components of RCE, the differential metabolites, and the disease-related genes were discovered. Among these overlapping target proteins, RCE increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), the protein expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) and reduced nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) activity. In addition, molecular docking revealed that both berberine and quercetin could bond with NOS2 and PPARα, respectively. Therefore, RCE demonstrated protective effects for SA-AKI through the regulation of metabolism and different signaling pathways.
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Alomari G, Hamdan S, Al-Trad B. Gold nanoparticles as a promising treatment for diabetes and its complications: Current and future potentials. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000419040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alomari
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia; Yarmouk University, Jordan
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16
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Nanotechnological interventions for the treatment of renal diseases: Current scenario and future prospects. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Leonardi BF, Gosmann G, Zimmer AR. Modeling Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rodents. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000249. [PMID: 32978870 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Standardized animal models represent one of the most valuable tools available to understand the mechanism underlying the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to seek for new therapeutic strategies. However, there is considerable variability in the studies conducted with this essential purpose. This review presents an updated discussion of the most recent studies using diverse experimental conditions to induce MetS in rodents with unbalanced diets, discusses the key findings in metabolic outcomes, and critically evaluates what we have been learned from them and how to advance in the field. The study includes scientific reports sourced from the Web of Science and PubMed databases, published between January 2013 and June 2020, which used hypercaloric diets to induce metabolic disorders, and address the impact of the diet on metabolic parameters. The collected data are used as support to discuss variables such as sex, species, and age of the animals, the most favorable type of diet, and the ideal diet length to generate metabolic changes. The experimental characteristics propose herein improve the performance of a preclinical model that resembles the human MetS and will guide researchers to investigate new therapeutic alternatives with confidence and higher translational validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca F Leonardi
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Grace Gosmann
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Aline R Zimmer
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2752 Ipiranga avenue, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
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Rousta AM, Mirahmadi SMS, Shahmohammadi A, Ramzi S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M. S-allyl cysteine, an active ingredient of garlic, attenuates acute liver dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide/ d-galactosamine in mouse: Underlying mechanisms. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22518. [PMID: 32453893 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, beneficial effect of S-allyl cysteine (SAC) was evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine (LPS/d-Gal) model of acute liver injury (ALI). To mimic ALI, LPS and d-Gal (50 μg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively) were intraperitoneally administered and animals received SAC per os (25 or 100 mg/kg/d) for 3 days till 1 hour before LPS/d-Gal injection. Pretreatment of LPS/d-Gal group with SAC-lowered activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase and partially reversed inappropriate alterations of hepatic oxidative stress- and inflammation-related biomarkers including liver reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hepatic activity of the defensive enzyme superoxide dismutase, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), cyclooxygenase 2, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase 1, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and myeloperoxidase activity. Additionally, SAC was capable to ameliorate apoptotic biomarkers including caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation. In summary, SAC can protect liver against LPS/d-Gal by attenuation of neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis which is partly linked to its suppression of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samira Ramzi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Negative Regulation of Tec Kinase Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice via theTLR4/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3152043. [PMID: 32685466 PMCID: PMC7322586 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3152043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tec kinase is an important mediator in inflammatory immune response that enhances the activity of neutrophils and macrophages. However, information on its function in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is limited. This study is aimed at determining whether Tec kinase was a regulator in AKI. An AKI model in mice was successfully established using intraperitoneal LPS. Results showed that the serum levels of creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cystatin-C (Cys-C) increased after intraperitoneal LPS injection. Renal tissue sustained significantly severe injury as measured by pathological scores. Pretreatment with LFM-A13 improved the function of the kidney in mice and decreased the renal injury score. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that LFM-A13 significantly reduced the release of IL-1β and TNF-α in mice exposed to LPS. LFM-A13 can evidently abrogate the expression of Tec protein, MyD88, TLR4, NF-κB p65, and Tec's phosphorylated protein as determined by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that LFM-A13 markedly downregulated the expression of Tec kinase in renal tubular epithelial cells. In vitro, Tec kinase protein was expressed highly in NRK-52E cells after LPS exposure. Tec-siRNA also decreased IL-1β and TNF-α production and obviously abolished phospho-p65 and phospho-IκBα expression in NRK-52E cell stimulated by LPS; however, Tec-siRNA increased the IκBα level. Altogether, these data suggested that Tec kinase can be a modulating protein in AKI through TLR4/NF-κB activation.
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Cao H, Yang L, Hou B, Sun D, Lin L, Song HL, Shen ZY. Heme oxygenase-1-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with normothermic machine perfusion to protect donation after circulatory death liver grafts. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:218. [PMID: 32503631 PMCID: PMC7275432 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver grafts have a poor prognosis after transplantation. We investigated whether the outcome of DCD donor organs can be improved by heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP), and explored its underlying mechanisms. METHODS BMMSCs were isolated, cultured, and transduced with the HO-1 gene. An NMP system was established. DCD rat livers were obtained, preserved by different methods, and the recipients were divided into 5 groups: sham operation, static cold storage (SCS), NMP, BMMSCs combined with NMP, and HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP (HBP) groups. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 7, and 14 days after surgery; their blood and liver tissue samples were collected; and liver enzyme and cytokine levels, liver histology, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels in monocytes and liver tissues, and expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway-related molecules were evaluated. RESULTS After liver transplantation, the SCS group showed significantly increased transaminase levels, liver tissue damage, and shorter survival time. The HBP group showed lower transaminase levels, intact liver morphology, prolonged survival time, and decreased serum and liver proinflammatory cytokine levels. In the NMP and SCS groups, HMGB1 expression in the serum, monocytes, and liver tissues and TLR4 pathway-related molecule expression were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP exerted protective effects on DCD donor liver and significantly improved recipient prognosis. The effect of HO-1/BMMSCs was greater than that of BMMSCs and was mediated via HMGB1 expression and TLR4 pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Hou
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Clinical Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Sun
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Li Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192 People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Zhao P, Chen X, Wang Q, Zou H, Xie Y, Liu H, Zhou Y, Liu P, Dai H. Differential toxicity mechanism of gold nanoparticles in HK-2 renal proximal tubular cells and 786-0 carcinoma cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1079-1096. [PMID: 32031480 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To research the influence and mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different size for HK-2 cells (kidney normal cells) and 786-0 cells (kidney cancer cells). Materials & methods: HK-2 cells and 786-0 cells were treated with 5 and 200 nm AuNPs at 1 and 10 μg/ml. The cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, cell apoptosis, cell autophagy, and related cell signaling pathways were analyzed. Results: In HK-2 cells, AuNPs reduced the activity of Akt and mTOR and upregulated the expression of LC3 II. In 786-0 cells, the activity of p38 was upregulated, which leaded to the increase of caspase 3 and initiated apoptosis. Conclusion: AuNPs of 5 and 200 nm at 10 μg/ml exerted antitumor effect by prompting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation, while autophagy was activated to protect HK-2 cells from AuNPs-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Hanbing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Yuexia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Huili Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Central Laboratory, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
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Shen X, Luo L, Yang M, Lin Y, Li J, Yang L. Exendin‑4 inhibits lipotoxicity‑induced oxidative stress in β‑cells by inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1237-1249. [PMID: 32124969 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the protective effects of exendin‑4 (EX‑4) on lipotoxicity‑induced oxidative stress and meta‑inflammation in β‑cells and the toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Lipotoxicity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced oxidative stress in β cells, obese Sprague Dawley rats and TLR4 truncation rats were utilized in the present study. The expression levels were detected by western blotting; cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay; and the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed using a ROS assay kit. The findings of the present study showed that EX‑4 inhibited the expression of TLR4, NF‑κB p65 subunit and p47phox in a concentration‑dependent manner, and decreased the intracellular level of ROS. Additionally, silencing of TLR4 expression enhanced the protective effects of EX‑4, while overexpression of TLR4 attenuated these protective influences. Simultaneously, it was demonstrated that TLR4 was involved in the process of EX‑4 intervention to inhibit H2O2‑induced oxidative stress in islet β‑cells. Moreover, it was found that EX‑4 also inhibited TLR4‑ or NF‑κB agonist‑induced oxidative stress. These results were also confirmed in an animal model of obese rats, in which EX‑4 was able to improve the function of β‑cells, attenuate oxidative stress, and inhibit the expression levels of TLR4 and NF‑κB p65 subunit in the pancreas of the diet‑induced obese rats. Furthermore, truncation of the TLR4 gene in SD rats delayed the aforementioned damage. In summary, EX‑4 may inhibit lipotoxicity‑induced oxidative stress in β‑cells by inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Shen
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Liufen Luo
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yang
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Liyong Yang
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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Rosuvastatin suppresses cytokine production and lung inflammation in asthmatic, hyperlipidemic and asthmatic-hyperlipidemic rat models. Cytokine 2020; 128:154993. [PMID: 32007867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.154993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the role that T lymphocytes play on the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, drugs targeting Th2 and Th17 cells may be a hopeful therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin treatment on cytokine production and lung inflammation in allergic asthma. METHODS The animals were assigned into control (C), asthmatic (A), hyperlipidemic (H), asthmatic-hyperlipidemic (AH), rosuvastatin (40 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally, for 3 weeks)-treated asthmatic (AR), rosuvastatin-treated hyperlipidemic (HR) and rosuvastatin-treated asthmatic-hyperlipidemic (AHR) groups (n = 6 in each group). The levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and IL-17, total and differential WBC counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), Th1/Th2 balance, and pathological changes were evaluated. RESULTS The BALF level of IL-4 in A, H and AH groups, and IL-17A in A and AH groups were significantly higher than that in C group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). IFN-γ level and Th1/Th2 balance (IFN‑γ/IL-4 ratio) in A and AH groups were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). Inflammatory cells infiltration, muscle hypertrophy and emphysema were also observed in A and AH groups. The BALF levels of IL-4 in AR, HR and AHR groups, IFN-γ level in HR group, and IL-17A level in AR and AHR groups showed a significant improvement compared to that of A, H and AH groups (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Rosuvastatin treatment increased Th1/Th2 balance in all treated groups (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01), decreased total WBC counts, neutrophilia, eosinophilia and lung inflammation in AR and AHR groups, and improved muscle hypertrophy and emphysema in AHR group. CONCLUSIONS Rosuvastatin treatment improved lung pathological changes by suppression of Th2 and Th17-mediated cytokines which was unrelated to its lipid-lowering activity. Therefore, rosuvastatin might be a candidate immunomodulatory drug for treatment of patients with allergic asthma.
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Effects of XIAP on high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis: a mechanism involving NLRP3 inflammasome and oxidative stress. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12177-12201. [PMID: 31841118 PMCID: PMC6949096 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that prolonged fat-rich diet (HFD) ingestion is a predisposing factor for metabolic disorder-associated system inflammation and oxidative stress injury, which contributes to the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)-mediated inflammatory infiltration was determined to participate in NAFLD. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) was recently confirmed as an essential regulator for apoptosis in cells. However, the role of XIAP in HFD-induced NAFLD is still not understood. Here, XIAP was characterized with respect to HFD-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo and palmitate (PA)-treated cells in vitro. After HFD administration, hepatic injury was confirmed via histological assessment (grading and staging of NAFLD) and biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and reduced antioxidant activity. Up-regulated hepatic dysfunction were further indicated by elevated dyslipidemia, lipid accumulation, and decreased fatty acid β-oxidation associated gene expression. Moreover, in the absence of XIAP, NLRP3 signaling activated by HFD-triggered oxidative stress was up-regulated, accompanied by reduction in antioxidants including HO-1, NQO-1, GST, SOD and Nrf2 activity. The detrimental effects of XIAP blocking on hepatic steatosis and related pathologies were also confirmed in PA-treated mouse liver cells. In contrast, overexpression of XIAP by transfection in vitro restrained PA-stimulated hepatic steatosis by suppression of oxidative stress, NLRP3 related inflammatory response, and impairment of Nrf2 activity, further alleviating abnormal metabolic disorder associated NAFLD. Taken together, the present study helped to elucidate how HFD-induced hepatic steatosis was regulated by XIAP, possibly via the inhibition of NLRP3 signaling and oxidative stress injury.
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Wnt signaling mediates TLR pathway and promote unrestrained adipogenesis and metaflammation: Therapeutic targets for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104602. [PMID: 31846761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabesity is the combination of type 2 diabetes and obesity characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. The Wnt signaling act as an evolutionary pathway playing crucial role in regulating cellular homeostasis and energy balance from hypothalamus to metabolic organs. Aberrant activity of certain appendages in the canonical and non-canonical Wnt system deregulates metabolism and leads to adipose tissue expansion, this key event initiates metabolic stress causing metaflammation and obesity. Metaflammation induced obesity initiates abnormal development of adipocytes mediating through the non-canonical Wnt signaling inhibition of canonical Wnt pathway to fan the flames of adipogenesis. Moreover, activation of toll like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling in metabolic stress invites immune cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines for recruitment of macrophages in adipose tissues, further causes polarization of macrophages into M1(classically activated) and M2 (alternatively activated) subtypes. These events end with chronic low-grade inflammation which interferes with insulin signaling in metabolic tissues to develop type 2 diabetes. However, there is a dearth in understanding the exact mechanism of Wnt-TLR axis during diabesity. This review dissects the molecular facets of Wnt and TLRs that modulates cellular components during diabesity and provides current progress, challenges and alternative therapeutic strategies at preclinical and clinical level.
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Zhang T, Xiang L. Honokiol alleviates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice by targeting the miR-218-5p/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:15. [PMID: 30833971 PMCID: PMC6387556 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Honokiol is a low-molecular-weight natural product and has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. Objectives Our study aimed to investigate the influence of honokiol on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in a mouse model. Material and methods A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgical operation was performed to establish a sepsis-induced acute kidney injury model in mice. Renal histomorphological analysis was performed with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The levels of inflammatory markers in serum were measured by ELISA assay. The mRNA and protein levels were assayed by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to evaluate glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) apoptosis. Results The results revealed that honokiol significantly increased the survival rate in mice undergoing a CLP operation. Inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, were significantly inhibited in honokiol-treated septic mice compared with the CLP group. In addition, honokiol showed the ability to reverse CLP-induced AKI in septic mice. Furthermore, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression levels were significantly up-regulated and miR-218-5p was markedly down-regulated in honokiol-treated septic mice as compared to CLP-operated mice. Bioinformatics and experimental measurements showed that HO-1 was a direct target of miR-218-5p. In vitro experiments showed that both honokiol and miR-218-5p inhibitors blocked lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell growth inhibition and GMC apoptosis by increasing the expression of HO-1. Conclusions Honokiol ameliorated AKI in septic mice and LPS-induced GMC dysfunction, and the underlying mechanism was mediated, at least partially, through the regulation of miR-218-5p/HO-1 signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11658-019-0142-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- 1Department of of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6 Jizhao Road, Tianjin, 300060 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xiang
- 2Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 People's Republic of China
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Minxuan X, Sun Y, Dai X, Zhan J, Long T, Xiong M, Li H, Kuang Q, Tang T, Qin Y, Chenxu G, Jun T. Fisetin attenuates high fat diet-triggered hepatic lipid accumulation: A mechanism involving liver inflammation overload associated TACE/TNF-α pathway. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Vyas SP, Goswami R. Size-dependent cellular uptake and TLR4 attenuation by gold nanoparticles in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:229-253. [PMID: 30657415 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate uptake mechanisms and immunomodulatory potential of differently sized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) to enable their use as an adjunct therapy for treating inflammation-linked lung cancer. METHODS Internalization of the synthesized (5, 15 and 30 nm) GNPs by various endocytosis pathways was determined. Immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by differently sized GNPs in A549 cells in the presence of TLR4 and TLR9 ligands were evaluated. RESULTS GNPs were size-dependently internalized efficiently by A549 cells. Various sized GNPs downregulated the expression of proinflammatory signaling molecules (5 nm most potent). Mechanistically, 5-nm GNPs attenuated TLR4 signaling by downregulating TLR4 expression in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Our study suggests the use of immunomodulatory GNPs as an adjunct therapy against inflammation-linked lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachi P Vyas
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ritobrata Goswami
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
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Xu M, Ge C, Qin Y, Gu T, Lv J, Wang S, Ma Y, Lou D, Li Q, Hu L, Nie X, Wang M, Huang P, Tan J. Activated TNF-α/RIPK3 signaling is involved in prolonged high fat diet-stimulated hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation: inhibition by dietary fisetin intervention. Food Funct 2019; 10:1302-1316. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that high-fat diet (HFD) is a predisposing factor for metabolic syndrome-associated systemic inflammation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Ge C, Xu M, Qin Y, Gu T, Lou D, Li Q, Hu L, Nie X, Wang M, Tan J. Fisetin supplementation prevents high fat diet-induced diabetic nephropathy by repressing insulin resistance and RIP3-regulated inflammation. Food Funct 2019; 10:2970-2985. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01653d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-related renal disease is related to caloric excess promoting deleterious cellular responses.
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Xu MX, Ge CX, Qin YT, Gu TT, Lou DS, Li Q, Hu LF, Feng J, Huang P, Tan J. Prolonged PM2.5 exposure elevates risk of oxidative stress-driven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by triggering increase of dyslipidemia. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:542-556. [PMID: 30465824 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that air pollution containing particulate matter (PM) ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) plays a significant role in the development of metabolic disorder and other chronic diseases. Inflammation and oxidative stress caused by metabolic syndrome are widely determined to be critical factors in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. However, there is no direct evidence of this, and the underlying molecular mechanism is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of inflammation and oxidative stress caused by prolonged PM2.5 exposure in dyslipidemia-associated chronic hepatic injury, and further determined whether an increase in hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress promoted lipid accumulation in the liver, ultimately increasing the risk of NAFLD. Therefore, we studied changes in indicators of metabolic disorder and in symbolic indices of NAFLD. We confirmed increases in insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, peripheral inflammation and dysarteriotony in PM2.5-induced mice. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the liver caused by PM2.5 inhalation contributed to abnormal hepatic function, further promoting lipid accumulation in the liver. Moreover, we observed inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory response by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in vitro, suggesting that oxidative stress and inflammatory in liver cells aggravated by PM2.5 contributed to hepatic injury by altering normal lipid metabolism. These results indicate a new goal for preventing and treating air pollution-induced diseases: suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Xuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
| | - Chen-Xu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Qin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Gu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - De-Shuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Lin-Feng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jing Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, PR China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
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MiR-590-3p Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 6 in Septic Mice. Inflammation 2018; 42:637-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu MX, Ge CX, Qin YT, Gu TT, Lou DS, Li Q, Hu LF, Tan J. Multicombination Approach Suppresses Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Septicemia-Associated Acute Hepatic Failure: The Role of iRhom2 Signaling. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800427. [PMID: 29944201 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mortality rate of acute liver failure significantly increases due to fatal septicemia. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) is an essential regulator of shedding TNF-α by trafficking with TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE). Fisetin, a flavonoid present in various fruits and plants, possesses anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, multi-combination nanoparticles Fe@Au conjugated with fisetin, iRhom2 small interfering RNA (siRNA), and TNF-α inhibitor (FN) are prepared to examine their effects on fatal septicemia-associated hepatic failure induced by Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in mice and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. After LM infection, upregulation of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, TNF-α, malondialdehyde, H2 O2 , and O2- is observedcompared to FN-treated mice. The iRhom2/TACE/TNF-α signals are enhanced in vivo and in vitro, resulting in oxidative stress, which is especially associated with the activation of kupffer cells and other macrophages. Decrease in Nrf2 activation and increase of inflammation-associated regulators are also noted in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of TNF-α derived from macrophages aggravates hepatic failure. Inversely, the processes above are restored by FN nanoparticles through the regulation of the iRhom2/TACE/TNF-α axis and Nrf2 activation. These findings suggest that FN may be a potential approach to protect against bacterial septicemia-related diseases by targeting iRhom2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Xuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
| | - Chen-Xu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Qin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy; Ocean University of China; Qingdao 266100 P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Gu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - De-Shuai Lou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
| | - Lin-Feng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
- Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years; Chongqing University of Education; Chongqing 400067 P. R. China
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Ding Y, Liu P, Chen ZL, Zhang SJ, Wang YQ, Cai X, Luo L, Zhou X, Zhao L. Emodin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury via Inhibiting the TLR4 Signaling Pathway in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:962. [PMID: 30186181 PMCID: PMC6113398 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Emodin is an anthraquinone with potential anti-inflammatory properties. However, the possible molecular mechanisms and protective effects of emodin are not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms and protective effects of emodin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in the Raw264.7 cell line and in Balb/c mice. Methods: This study established an inflammatory cellular model and induced an ALI animal model. TLR4 was overexpressed by lentivirus and downregulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. The mRNA and protein levels of TLR4 and downstream molecules were detected in cells and liver tissue. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in supernatant and serum were determined by ELISA. The distribution and expression of mannose receptor C type 1 (CD206) and arginase 1 (ARG1) in the liver were tested by immunofluorescence. Mouse liver function and histopathological observations were assessed. Results: Administration of emodin reduced the protein and/or mRNA levels of TLR4 and its downstream molecules following LPS challenge in Raw264.7 cells and in an animal model. Additionally, emodin suppressed the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in cell culture supernatant and serum. The inhibitory effect of emodin was also confirmed in RAW264.7 cells, in which TLR4 was overexpressed or knocked down. Additionally, ARG1 and CD206 were elevated in the emodin groups. Emodin also decreased serum ALT and AST levels and alleviated the liver histopathological damage induced by LPS. Conclusion: Emodin showed excellent hepatoprotective effects against LPS-induced ALI, possibly by inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - You-Qin Wang
- Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical University, Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Liu Y, Wen PH, Zhang XX, Dai Y, He Q. Breviscapine ameliorates CCl4‑induced liver injury in mice through inhibiting inflammatory apoptotic response and ROS generation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:755-768. [PMID: 29717768 PMCID: PMC6034936 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury is characterized by fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis, leading to liver failure, cirrhosis or cancer and affecting the clinical outcome in the long term. However, no effective therapeutic strategy is currently available. Breviscapine, a mixture of flavonoid glycosides, has been reported to have multiple biological functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of breviscapine on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection with CCl4 for 8 weeks with or without breviscapine (15 or 30 mg/kg). Mice treated with CCl4 developed acute liver injury, as evidenced by histological analysis, Masson trichrome and Sirius Red staining, accompanied with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Furthermore, increases in pro‑inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and apoptotic factors, including caspase‑3 and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase‑2 (PARP‑2), were observed. Breviscapine treatment significantly and dose‑dependently reduced collagen deposition and the fibrotic area. Inflammatory cytokines were downregulated by breviscapine through inactivating Toll‑like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. In addition, co‑administration of breviscapine with CCl4 decreased the apoptotic response by enhancing B‑cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl‑2) levels, while reducing Bcl‑2‑associated X protein, apoptotic protease activating factor 1, caspase‑3 and PARP activity. Furthermore, CCl4‑induced oxidative stress was blocked by breviscapine through improving anti‑oxidants and impeding mitogen‑activated protein kinase pathways. The present study highlighted that breviscapine exhibited liver‑protective effects against acute hepatic injury induced by CCl4 via suppressing inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Hao Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Xue Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
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Ibrahim KE, Al-Mutary MG, Bakhiet AO, Khan HA. Histopathology of the Liver, Kidney, and Spleen of Mice Exposed to Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules 2018; 23:E1848. [PMID: 30044410 PMCID: PMC6222535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are biocompatible nanomaterials that are currently researched for biomedical applications such as imaging and targeted drug delivery. In this investigation, we studied the effects of a single dose (injected on day 1) as well as a priming dose (two injections with a gap of one week) of 5 nm, 20 nm, and 50 nm diameter GNPs on the structural and biochemical changes in the liver, kidney, and spleen of mice. The results showed that small sized GNPs (5 nm) produced significant pathological changes in the liver on day 2 that gradually reduced on day 8. The medium (20 nm) and large (50 nm) sized GNPs preferentially targeted the spleen and caused significant pathological changes to the spleen architecture on day 2 that persisted on day 8 as well. There were minimal and insignificant pathological changes to the kidneys irrespective of the GNPs size. The animals that were primed with the pre-exposure of GNPs did not show any aggravation of histological changes after the second dose of the same GNPs. None of the dose regimens of the GNPs were able to significantly affect the markers of oxidative stress including glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in all of the organs that were studied. In conclusion, the size of GNPs plays an important role in their pathological effects on different organs of mice. Moreover, the primed animals become refractory to further pathological changes after the second dose of GNPs, suggesting the importance of a priming dose in medical applications of GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Elfaki Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohsen Ghaleb Al-Mutary
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Education, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amel Omer Bakhiet
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan.
| | - Haseeb Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Li Y, Liu C, Wan XS, Li SW. NLRP1 deficiency attenuates diabetic retinopathy (DR) in mice through suppressing inflammation response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:351-357. [PMID: 29571734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the common cause of diabetic vascular complications. The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), also known as NALP1, inflammasome is the first member of the NLR family to be discovered, playing an important role in inflammatory response. However, its effect on DR development has not been reported. In the study, the wild type (WT) and NLRP1-/- mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DR. The results indicated that NLRP1-/- significantly increased bodyweight reduction and decreased blood glucose levels induced by STZ. WT/DR mice exhibited higher levels of NLRP1 in retinas. NLRP1-/- ameliorated retinal abnormalities in DR mice using H&E staining. In addition, attenuated avascular areas and neovascular tufts were also observed in NLRP1-/-/DR mice. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and retinas were highly induced in WT/DR mice, whereas being markedly reduced by NLRP1-/-. In addition, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Iba1 expressions induced by STZ in serum or retinas were significantly down-regulated in NLRP1-/-/DR mice. Consistently, NLRP1-/- attenuated ASC and Caspase-1 expressions in retinas of DR mice. Compared to WT/DR group, NLRP1-/- markedly decreased retina p-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 levels. And similar results were confirmed in vitro that suppressing NLRP1/ASC inflammasome ameliorated inflammatory response in fructose-treated retinal ganglion cells. The results above indicated that the modulation of NLRP1 inflammasome might be a promising strategy for DR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Panjiayuan Plaza, No.12 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xin-Shun Wan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Shao-Wei Li
- Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, China; Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Panjiayuan Plaza, No.12 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China.
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Li Y, Yu QH, Chu Y, Wu WM, Song JX, Zhu XB, Wang Q. Blockage of AKAP12 accelerates angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac injury in mice by regulating the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:128-135. [PMID: 29501491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that leads to cardiac remodeling. A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) is a scaffolding protein that has multiple functions in various biological events, including the regulation of vessel integrity and differentiation of neural barriers in blood. However, the role of AKAP12 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac injury remains unclear. In the present study, Ang II infusion reduced AKAP12 expressions in the hearts of wild-type (WT) mice, and AKAP12 knockout (KO) enhanced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In addition, AKAP12 deletion accelerated Ang II-induced cardiac histologic alterations and dysfunction. Further, AKAP12-/- aggravated heart failure by promoting the inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis, and autophagy induced by Ang II. Furthermore, AKAP12 KO elevated Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis, as indicated by the following: (1) Masson trichrome staining showed that Ang II infusion markedly increased fibrotic areas of the WT mouse heart, which was greatly accelerated in AKAP12-/- mice; (2) immunohistochemistry analysis showed increased expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the AKAP12-/- mouse heart; (3) reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed increased expression of fibrosis-related molecules in the AKAP12-deficient mouse heart; and (4) Western blot analysis indicated significantly higher upregulation of p-SMAD2/3 in the AKAP12-/- mouse heart. In vitro, AKAP12 knockdown in HL-1 cells was responsible for TGF-β1-induced inflammation, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, autophagy, and fibrosis. Furthermore, overexpression of AKAP12 reduced fibrosis triggered by TGF-β1 in cells. Overall, our study suggests that fibrosis induced by Ang II may be alleviated by AKAP12 expression through inactivation of the TGF-β1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China
| | - Qiu-Hua Yu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China
| | - Ying Chu
- Central Laboratory, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China
| | - Wei-Min Wu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Third Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Wujin People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213017, China.
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Chueakula N, Jaikumkao K, Arjinajarn P, Pongchaidecha A, Chatsudthipong V, Chattipakorn N, Lungkaphin A. Diacerein alleviates kidney injury through attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in obese insulin-resistant rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:146-155. [PMID: 29195834 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A link between inflammation with obesity and metabolic syndrome has been found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diacerein is an anthraquinone used to treat osteoarthritis that exerts anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the synthesis and activity of proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of diacerein on renal function and renal organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) function in obese insulin-resistant condition. Obese insulin-resistant rats were induced by feeding a high-fat diet in male Wistar rats for 16 weeks. Diacerein or metformin (positive control) (30mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 4 weeks after insulin resistance had been confirmed. Obese insulin-resistant rats showed an impaired renal function as indicated by the increased serum creatinine and microalbuminuria along with the decreased renal Oat3 function and expression. Importantly, diacerein treatment not only improved insulin resistance but also restored renal function. The decreased renal malondialdehyde level, expressions of PKCα, angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R), Nrf2, and HO-1, and increased expression of SOD2 were observed in diacerein treatment group, indicating the attenuation of renal oxidative stress condition. Moreover, renal inflammation and renal damage were also alleviated in diacerein-treated rats. Our results demonstrated for the first time that diacerein was effective to improve renal function and renal Oat3 function in obese insulin-resistance condition mediated by suppressing renal oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings suggest that anti-inflammatory agents can be used therapeutically to improve metabolic disorder and prevent organ dysfunctions in pre-diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttawud Chueakula
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Krit Jaikumkao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phatchawan Arjinajarn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Pongchaidecha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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40
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Braun JBS, Ruchel JB, Manzoni AG, Abdalla FH, Casalli EA, Castilhos LG, Passos DF, Leal DBR. Pretreatment with quercetin prevents changes in lymphocytes E-NTPDase/E-ADA activities and cytokines secretion in hyperlipidemic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 444:63-75. [PMID: 29188537 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HL) is a condition associated with endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory disorders. Purinergic system ectoenzymes play an important role in modulating the inflammatory and immune response. This study investigated whether the preventive treatment with quercetin is able to prevent changes caused by hyperlipidemia in the purinergic system, through the activities of E-NTPDase and E-ADA in lymphocytes, and quantify the nucleotides and nucleoside, and the secretion of anti- and proinflammatory cytokines. Animals were divided into saline/control, saline/quercetin 5 mg/kg, saline/quercetin 25 mg/kg, saline/quercetin 50 mg/kg, saline/simvastatin (0.04 mg/kg), hyperlipidemia, hyperlipidemia/quercetin 5 mg/kg, hyperlipidemia/quercetin 25 mg/kg, hyperlipidemia/quercetin 50 mg/kg, and hyperlipidemia/simvastatin. Animals were pretreated with quercetin for 30 days and hyperlipidemia was subsequently induced by intraperitoneal administration of 500 mg/kg of poloxamer-407. Simvastatin was administered after the induction of hyperlipidemia. Lymphocytes were isolated and E-NTPDase and E-ADA activities were determined. Serum was separated for the cytokines and nucleotide/nucleoside quantification. E-NTPDase and E-ADA activities were increased in lymphocytes from hyperlipidemic rats and pretreatment with quercetin was able to prevent the increase in the activities of these enzymes caused by hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemic rats when receiving pretreatment with quercetin and treatment with simvastatin showed decreased levels of ATP and ADP when compared to the untreated hyperlipidemic group. The IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines were increased in the hyperlipidemic group when compared with control group, and decreased when hyperlipidemic rats received the pretreatment with quercetin. However, pretreatment with quercetin was able to prevent the alterations caused by hyperlipidemia probably by regulating the inflammatory process. We can suggest that the quercetin is a promising compound to be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane B S Braun
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Jader B Ruchel
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Manzoni
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fátima H Abdalla
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Emerson A Casalli
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lívia G Castilhos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela F Passos
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 20, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
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Park SY, Chae SY, Park JO, Lee KJ, Park G. Kalopanacis Cortex extract-capped gold nanoparticles activate NRF2 signaling and ameliorate damage in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4563-4578. [PMID: 28790819 PMCID: PMC5488769 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s138178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, environment-friendly synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has been extensively explored by biologists and chemists. However, significant research is still required to determine whether “eco-friendly” GNPs are beneficial to human health and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of their effects on human cells. We used human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells to show that treatment with Kalopanacis Cortex extract-capped GNPs (KC-GNs), prepared via an eco-friendly, fast, one-pot synthetic route, protected neuronal cells against oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced damage. To prepare GNPs, Kalopanacis Cortex was used without any chemical reducing and stabilizing agents. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy showed maximum absorbance at 526 nm owing to KC-GN surface plasmon resonance. Hydrodynamic size (54.02±2.19 nm) and zeta potential (−20.3±0.04 mV) were determined by dynamic light scattering. The average diameter (41.07±3.05 nm) was determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of assembled GNPs. Fourier transform infrared analysis suggested that functional groups such as O–H, C–C, and C–N participated in KC-GN formation. Cell viability assays indicated that KC-GNs restored the viability of OGD/R-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that KC-GNs inhibited the OGD/R-induced reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane potential disruption. KC-GNs also inhibited the apoptosis of OGD/R-exposed cells. Western blot analysis indicated that the OGD/R-induced cellular apoptosis and simultaneous increases in the expression of cleaved caspase-3, p53, p21, and B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein were reversed by KC-GNs. The KC-GN-mediated protection against OGD/R-induced neurotoxicity was diminished by NRF2 and heme oxygenase-1 gene knockdowns. Collectively, these results suggested that KC-GNs exerted strong neuroprotective effects on human neuronal cells, which might be attributed to the attenuation of OGD/R-induced neuronal cell injury through the NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seon Yeong Chae
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute.,Department of Nanofusion Technology, Graduate School, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Oh Park
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Graduate School, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Jin Lee
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Graduate School, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Geuntae Park
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute.,Department of Nanofusion Technology, Graduate School, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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