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Marcilla-Toribio I, Moratalla-Cebrián ML, Notario-Pacheco B, Escudero-Lopez MA, Morales-Cuenca N, Martinez-Andres M. Gender differences in symptomatology, socio-demographic information and quality of life in Spanish population with long COVID condition: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1355973. [PMID: 38577278 PMCID: PMC10991816 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1355973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long COVID patients experience a decrease in their quality of life due to the symptomatology produced by the disease. It is also important to understand how long COVID affects both men and women. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of long COVID symptomatology on the quality of life of Spanish adults from a gender perspective. Methods An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out. Participants were able to complete an online questionnaire using an online platform. A sample of 206 people participated in the study. Results The 80.6% of the sample were women with a mean age of 46.51 (±8.28) and the 19.4% were men with a mean age of 48.03 (±9.50). The medium score in the PAC19-QoL test was 141.47 (±24.96) and segmented by gender, 141.65 (±23.95) for women and 140.82 (±28.66) for men. The most common symptoms in women were muscle and joint pain (94.6%), fatigue (94.0%), discomfort (92.2%), difficulty concentrating (91.0%), and memory loss (88.6%). For men the symptoms included muscle and joint pain (97.5%) and fatigue (97.5%) both occupying first position, discomfort (92.0%), difficulty concentrating (90.0%), mood disturbances (90.0%), and memory loss (87.5%). The chi-square test showed statistical significance (p < 0.005) for socio-demographic information, quality of life scores, and long COVID symptoms by intensities. Conclusion This study shows that there are gender differences in the way that long COVID is experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marcilla-Toribio
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla- La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Maria Leopolda Moratalla-Cebrián
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla- La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Blanca Notario-Pacheco
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Escudero-Lopez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Nagore Morales-Cuenca
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Maria Martinez-Andres
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, Social Determinants, Cuenca, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla- La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
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Rodríguez-Pérez MP, Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza P, Rodríguez-Ledo P, Huertas-Hoyas E, Fernández-Gómez G, Montes-Montes R, Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres M. Influence of Clinical and Sociodemographic Variables on Health-Related Quality of Life in the Adult Population with Long COVID. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4222. [PMID: 37445257 PMCID: PMC10342773 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, about 10 percent of patients affected by long COVID require appropriate follow-up and intervention. The main objective of this study was to analyze the long-term impact of mild long COVID in the adult population, and to determine the effect of clinical and sociodemographic variables on health-related quality of life in those affected. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of Spanish adult patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms at least three months after diagnosis. Data collection took place between April and July 2021. The health-related quality of life of the sample was low, with worse results in the physical component summary (PCS) 24.66 (SD = 4.45) compared to the mental component summary (MCS) 45.95 (SD = 8.65). The multi-regression analysis showed significant differences by sex in the dimensions of physical functioning (p = 0.040); bodily pain (p = 0.036); and health transition (p = 0.018). Additionally, a longer time since infection had a significant effect on physical functioning (p = 0.039); general health (p = 0.037); vitality (p = 0.034); and general health transition (p = 0.002). The effect of occupational imbalance was significant for all dimensions. Conclusions: people with long COVID have a reduced quality of life. Sex, time since infection, and occupational imbalance are predictors of a worse quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Pilar Rodríguez-Pérez
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
| | - Patricia Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
| | - Pilar Rodríguez-Ledo
- COVID Persistent Working Group of the Sociedad Española de Medicos de Familia (SEMG), Department of General Medicine, Lugo, a Mariña and Monforte de Lemos Health Area, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Elisabet Huertas-Hoyas
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
| | - Gemma Fernández-Gómez
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
| | - Rebeca Montes-Montes
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
| | - Marta Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres
- Group in Evaluation and Assessment of Capacity, Functionality and Disability of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (TO+IDI), Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (M.P.R.-P.); (E.H.-H.); (G.F.-G.); (R.M.-M.); (M.P.-d.-H.-T.)
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3
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Poole-Wright K, Guennouni I, Sterry O, Evans RA, Gaughran F, Chalder T. Fatigue outcomes following COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063969. [PMID: 37185637 PMCID: PMC10151247 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fatigue is a pervasive clinical symptom in coronaviruses and may continue beyond the acute phase, lasting for several months or years. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to incorporate the current evidence for postinfection fatigue among survivors of SARS-CoV-2 and investigate associated factors. METHODS Embase, PsyINFO, Medline, CINAHL, CDSR, Open Grey, BioRxiv and MedRxiv were systematically searched from January 2019 to December 2021. Eligible records included all study designs in English. Outcomes were fatigue or vitality in adults with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 measured at >30 days post infection. Non-confirmed cases were excluded. JBI risk of bias was assessed by three reviewers. Random effects model was used for the pooled proportion with 95% CIs. A mixed effects meta-regression of 35 prospective articles calculated change in fatigue overtime. Subgroup analyses explored specific group characteristics of study methodology. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I2 statistic. Egger's tests for publication bias. RESULTS Database searches returned 14 262 records. Following deduplication and screening, 178 records were identified. 147 (n=48 466 participants) were included for the meta-analyses. Pooled prevalence was 41% (95% CI: 37% to 45%, k=147, I2=98%). Fatigue significantly reduced over time (-0.057, 95% CI: -107 to -0.008, k=35, I2=99.3%, p=0.05). A higher proportion of fatigue was found in studies using a valid scale (51%, 95% CI: 43% to 58%, k=36, I2=96.2%, p=0.004). No significant difference was found for fatigue by study design (p=0.272). Egger's test indicated publication bias for all analyses except valid scales. Quality assessments indicated 4% at low risk of bias, 78% at moderate risk and 18% at high risk. Frequently reported associations were female gender, age, physical functioning, breathlessness and psychological distress. CONCLUSION This study revealed that a significant proportion of survivors experienced fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 and their fatigue reduced overtime. Non-modifiable factors and psychological morbidity may contribute to ongoing fatigue and impede recovery. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020201247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Poole-Wright
- Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - Olivia Sterry
- Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Rachael A Evans
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
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Śliż D, Wiecha S, Gąsior JS, Kasiak PS, Ulaszewska K, Lewandowski M, Barylski M, Mamcarz A. Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Sleep, and Psychology of Endurance Athletes-CAESAR Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12083002. [PMID: 37109342 PMCID: PMC10143025 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12083002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has a deteriorating impact on health which is especially important for endurance athletes (EAs) who need to maintain continuity of training. The illness affects sleep and psychology, which influence sport performance. The aims of this study were: (1) to assess the consequences of mild COVID-19 on sleep and psychology and (2) to assess the consequences of mild COVID-19 on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) results. A total of 49 EAs (males = 43, 87.76%; females = 6, 12.24%; age = 39.9 ± 7.8 years; height = 178.4 ± 6.8 cm; weight = 76.3 ± 10.4 kg; BMI = 24.0 ± 2.6 kg·m-2) underwent a maximal cycling or running CPET pre- and post-COVID-19 and completed an original survey. Exercise performance deteriorated after COVID-19 (maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max = 47.81 ± 7.81 vs. 44.97 ± 7.00 mL·kg·min-1 pre- and post-infection, respectively; p < 0.001). Waking up at night affected the heart rate (HR) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP) (p = 0.028). Sleep time influenced pulmonary ventilation (p = 0.013), breathing frequency (p = 0.010), and blood lactate concentration (Lac) (p = 0.013) at the RCP. The maximal power/speed (p = 0.046) and HR (p = 0.070) were linked to the quality of sleep. Stress management and relaxation techniques were linked with VO2max (p = 0.046), maximal power/speed (p = 0.033), and maximal Lac (p = 0.045). Cardiorespiratory fitness deteriorated after mild COVID-19 and was correlated with sleep and psychological indices. Medical professionals should encourage EAs to maintain proper mental health and sleep after COVID-19 infection to facilitate recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Śliż
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Medical Education Center, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szczepan Wiecha
- Department of Physical Education and Health, Faculty in Biala Podlaska, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland
| | - Jakub S Gąsior
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Seweryn Kasiak
- Students' Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ulaszewska
- Students' Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Lewandowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Barylski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Artur Mamcarz
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Deng Y, Xie L, Wang L, Chen Y. Psychoanalysis of COVID-19 Patient Narratives: A Descriptive Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:712. [PMID: 37109670 PMCID: PMC10145710 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: COVID-19 patients are a psychologically vulnerable patient group who suffer from both physical symptoms and psychological problems. The present study is a psychoanalytic investigation of COVID-19 patients utilizing Lacan's desire theory. We aimed to explore the manner in which patients' desire is presented in their lived experience narratives and sought to discover factors which directly impacted on this process. Materials and Methods: In-depth semi-structural interviews were conducted with 36 COVID-19 patients in China. During each interview, participants narrated their lived experiences of COVID-19 infection. Emotions, metaphors, and behaviors in patient narratives were collated as the main points for psychoanalysis. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the desire for being a healthy person made patients emotionally sensitive to the social environment. Anxiety and obsessive behaviors emerged in the process, which reveals their desire for that which they lack. Furthermore, public fear with respect to COVID-19 was somehow converted to psychological pressure on COVID-19 patients. Thus, these patients attempted to "de-identify" their identity as "patients". Positive responses of COVID-19 patients to the external world included admiring medical personnel, government, and country, while negative responses included interpersonal conflicts or complaints about discrimination. Following the rules of the Other, COVID-19 patients were influenced by the Other's desire in constructing their own image of a healthy person. Conclusions: This study revealed COVID-19 patients' psychological need to rid themselves of the identity of "patient" at the individual and social level. Our findings have clinical implications in helping COVID-19 patients to reshape their identity and to live a normal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China;
| | - Luxue Xie
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
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Xiong L, Li Q, Cao X, Xiong H, Meng D, Zhou M, Zhang Y, He X, Zhang Y, Tang L, Jin Y, Xia J, Hu Y. Mental health, health-related quality of life, and lung function after hospital discharge in healthcare workers with severe COVID-19: a cohort study from China. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:269-274. [PMID: 36916002 PMCID: PMC10014315 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is highly contagious and can cause death in severe cases. As reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), as of 6:36 pm Central European Summer Time (CEST), 12 August 2022, there had been 585 950 285 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 6 425 422 deaths (WHO, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xiong
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiongjing Cao
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Huangguo Xiong
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Daquan Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yanzhao Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinliang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Fradelos EC, Boutlas S, Tsimitrea E, Sistou A, Tourlakopoulos K, Papathanasiou IV, Gourgoulianis KI. Perceived Symptoms, Mental Health and Quality of Life after Hospitalization in COVID-19 Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050728. [PMID: 35629149 PMCID: PMC9147638 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients recovering from novel coronavirus are reporting a variety of symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, myalgia as well as psychological distress and poor quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess quality of life and psychological distress in COVID-19 survivors and the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that affect COVID-19 survivors’ mental health status and quality of life. A quantitative study was conducted among COVID-19 survivors, who had previously been admitted to the University Hospital of Larissa, Greece. Data were collected via a questionnaire consisting of three-parts. The first part consisted of questions about the demographic characteristics. The second part was the SF-36 QoL index. The third part was the Symptom Checklist-90r (SCL 90-R). In addition, clinical information such as the length and the department of hospitalization, days since discharge and pulmonary function (spirometry values) were recorded. From a total of 145 patients, 60% were male, aged 59.72 ± 12.74 and 78.6% of them were married; the majority had completed secondary education, 35.9% were pensioners and 58.6 were living in urban areas. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue (67.6%) and pain (44.8%) and 11.7% were experiencing psychological distress. Pain, loss of smell, mandatory education, ICU admission, female gender and the experiencing of skin disturbance are associated with poor physical QoL among COVID-19 recovered patients. Greek COVID-19 previously hospitalized patients were reporting several symptoms associated with COVID-19. Good QoL and mental health were also reported. Physical pain, loss of smell and female gender were associated with poor QoL and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos C. Fradelos
- Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (E.T.); (I.V.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-69462-28458
| | - Stylianos Boutlas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.B.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Eleni Tsimitrea
- Department of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (E.T.); (I.V.P.)
| | - Alexandra Sistou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.B.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Konstantinos Tourlakopoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.B.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.I.G.)
| | | | - Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (S.B.); (A.S.); (K.T.); (K.I.G.)
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8
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Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010061. [PMID: 35053059 PMCID: PMC8773222 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence of studies associating COVID-19 survivors with increased mental health consequences. Mental health implications related to a COVID-19 infection include both acute and long-term consequences. Here we discuss COVID-19-associated psychiatric sequelae, particularly anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drawing parallels to past coronavirus outbreaks. A literature search was completed across three databases, using keywords to search for relevant articles. The cause may directly correlate to the infection through both direct and indirect mechanisms, but the underlying etiology appears more complex and multifactorial, involving environmental, psychological, and biological factors. Although most risk factors and prevalence rates vary across various studies, being of the female gender and having a history of psychiatric disorders seem consistent. Several studies will be presented, demonstrating COVID-19 survivors presenting higher rates of mental health consequences than the general population. The possible mechanisms by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the brain, affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and causing these psychiatric sequelae, will be discussed, particularly concerning the SARS-CoV-2 entry via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors and the implications of the immune inflammatory signaling on neuropsychiatric disorders. Some possible therapeutic options will also be considered.
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9
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Benavides-Cordoba V, Barros-Poblete M, Vieira RP, Mazzucco G, Fregonezi G, Torres-Castro R. Provision of pulmonary rehabilitation in Latin America 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of the Latin American Thoracic Association. Chron Respir Dis 2022; 19:14799731221104102. [PMID: 35616253 PMCID: PMC9149608 DOI: 10.1177/14799731221104102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly altered the provision of rehabilitation services, especially pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Our objective was to assess the provision of PR services in Latin America 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared. METHODS A cross-sectional study that included professionals dedicated to PR in centres in Latin America was applied. Responses to an online questionnaire were collected from May to September 2021. The following data were included for the analysis: demographic data, evaluation strategies, program structure, PR intervention in post-COVID-19 patients, and perception of strategies therapies for the care of post-COVID-19 patients. The questionnaire was distributed in Spanish and Portuguese languages. RESULTS Responses were received from 196 PR centres. Exercise tolerance was predominantly measured with the six-minute walk test. Less than 50% of the institutions evaluate quality of life, physical qualities, symptoms, and lung function. Most of the programmes have physiotherapists (90.8%), as well as pulmonologists (60%), and psychologists (35%), among other professionals. CONCLUSION PR services in Latin America have adapted in their way to the requirements of the pandemic, and most continued to provide face-to-face services. It was identified that the application of the programs is heterogeneous both in evaluations and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Benavides-Cordoba
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Cali. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Marisol Barros-Poblete
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias
Médicas, Escuela de Graduados Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de
Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Post-graduate Program in
Rehabilitation Sciences and Human Movement and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo
(UNIFESP), Santos – SP, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in
Bioenginnering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo – SP, Brazil
| | - Guillermo Mazzucco
- Centro Universitario de Asistencia,
Docencia e Investigación, Instituto Cardiovascular de Rosario
(ICR), Universidad del Gran Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Guilherme Fregonezi
- PneumoCardioVascular Lab/HUOL &
Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica em Reabilitação, Hospital Universitário
Onofre Lopes, Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH) &
Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Norte, Natal, Brasil
- International Physiotherapy Research
Network (PhysioEvidence), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Torres-Castro
- International Physiotherapy Research
Network (PhysioEvidence), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Dorri M, Mozafari Bazargany MH, Khodaparast Z, Bahrami S, Seifi Alan M, Rahimi F, Kamipoor Z, Niksima MM, Dehghan H, Rastad H. Psychological problems and reduced health-related quality of life in the COVID-19 survivors. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021; 6:100248. [PMID: 34642678 PMCID: PMC8495058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 survivors are predicted to experience the long-term consequences, including pulmonary, neurologic, cardiovascular, and mental health sequelae. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on studies assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychiatric problems in COVID-19 survivors. METHODS A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Google scholar databases using key terms COVID-19, PTSD, depression, anxiety, HRQoL, survivors. Pooled estimates were calculated using the random-effects models. RESULTS A total of 21 eligible articles were included. The pooled prevalence of PTSD, depression, and anxiety among COVID-19 survivors were 18% (95% CI: 13 to 23%, I2=88.23%), 12% (8 to 17%, I2=91.84%), and 17% (12 to 22%, I2=97.07%), respectively. COVID-19 survivors compared to pre-COVID-19 time and controls showed reduced HRQoL and a lower score in Social Functioning (SF) and Role Physical (RP), and Role Emotional (RE) health. Females compared to males had a higher risk of experiencing mental health problems. Also, patients with severe disease had a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety, but not PTSD. LIMITATIONS Regarding HRQoL, we were not able to perform a subgroup analysis due to a lack of data. Also, the included studies mainly used a self-rating scale to detect psychological problems in their study population. CONCLUSION A significant number of patients who survived from COVID-19 might suffer from PTSD, depression, and anxiety beyond one month. Our systematic review also found evidence of reduced HQOL and limited social role in these survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Dorri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Khodaparast
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Soroush Bahrami
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Seifi Alan
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fariba Rahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zeinab Kamipoor
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Niksima
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hanieh Dehghan
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hadis Rastad
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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11
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Poudel AN, Zhu S, Cooper N, Roderick P, Alwan N, Tarrant C, Ziauddeen N, Yao GL. Impact of Covid-19 on health-related quality of life of patients: A structured review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259164. [PMID: 34710173 PMCID: PMC8553121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has led to a global pandemic since its emergence in December 2019. The majority of research into Covid-19 has focused on transmission, and mortality and morbidity associated with the virus. However, less attention has been given to its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with Covid-19. Methods We searched for original studies published between December 2019 and Jan 2021 in PubMed, Scopus and Medline databases using a specific search strategy. We also explored literature on websites of distinguished public health organisations and hand-searched reference lists of eligible studies. The studies were screened by two reviewers according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flowchart using pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data were synthesised, analysed descriptively and reported in line with PRISMA guidelines. Results In total, 1276 studies were identified through the search strategy. Of these, 77 studies were selected for full-text reading after screening the studies. After reading full-text, 12 eligible studies were included in this review. The majority of the studies used a generic HRQoL assessment tool; five studies used SF-36, five studies used EQ-5D-5L, and three used pulmonary disease-specific HRQoL tools (two studies used two tools each). The impact of Covid-19 on HRQoL was found to be considerable in both Acute Covid and Long Covid patients. Higher impact on HRQoL was reported in Acute Covid, females, older ages, patients with more severe disease and patients from low-income countries. Conclusion The impact of Covid-19 on HRQoL of Acute and Long Covid patients is substantial. There was disproportional impact on patients by gender, age, severity of illness and study country. The long-term impact of Covid-19 is still in its initial stage. The findings of the review may be useful to researchers, policymakers, and clinicians caring for people following Covid-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ak Narayan Poudel
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Shihua Zhu
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Cooper
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Roderick
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Nisreen Alwan
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn Tarrant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Nida Ziauddeen
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Guiqing Lily Yao
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, United Kingdom
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12
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Vanderlind WM, Rabinovitz BB, Miao IY, Oberlin LE, Bueno-Castellano C, Fridman C, Jaywant A, Kanellopoulos D. A systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric sequalae of COVID-19: implications for treatment. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2021; 34:420-433. [PMID: 34016818 PMCID: PMC8183238 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW COVID-19 impacts multiple organ systems and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Pathogenesis of viral infection, co-morbidities, medical treatments, and psychosocial factors may contribute to COVID-19 related neuropsychological and psychiatric sequelae. This systematic review aims to synthesize available literature on psychiatric and cognitive characteristics of community-dwelling survivors of COVID-19 infection. RECENT FINDINGS Thirty-three studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria for review. Emerging findings link COVID-19 to cognitive deficits, particularly attention, executive function, and memory. Psychiatric symptoms occur at high rates in COVID-19 survivors, including anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disruption, and to a lesser extent posttraumatic stress. Symptoms appear to endure, and severity of acute illness is not directly predictive of severity of cognitive or mental health issues. The course of cognitive and psychiatric sequelae is limited by lack of longitudinal data at this time. Although heterogeneity of study design and sociocultural differences limit definitive conclusions, emerging risk factors for psychiatric symptoms include female sex, perceived stigma related to COVID-19, infection of a family member, social isolation, and prior psychiatry history. SUMMARY The extant literature elucidates treatment targets for cognitive and psychosocial interventions. Research using longitudinal, prospective study designs is needed to characterize cognitive and psychiatric functioning of COVID-19 survivors over the course of illness and across illness severity. Emphasis on delineating the unique contributions of premorbid functioning, viral infection, co-morbidities, treatments, and psychosocial factors to cognitive and psychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Michael Vanderlind
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
| | - Beth B. Rabinovitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Westchester Behavioral Health Center, White Plains
| | - Iris Yi Miao
- Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research
| | - Lauren E. Oberlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Westchester Behavioral Health Center, White Plains
| | - Christina Bueno-Castellano
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Westchester Behavioral Health Center, White Plains
| | - Chaya Fridman
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
| | - Abhishek Jaywant
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dora Kanellopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Westchester Behavioral Health Center, White Plains
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