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Zhao FY, Spencer SJ, Kennedy GA, Zheng Z, Conduit R, Zhang WJ, Xu P, Yue LP, Wang YM, Xu Y, Fu QQ, Ho YS. Acupuncture for primary insomnia: Effectiveness, safety, mechanisms and recommendations for clinical practice. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101892. [PMID: 38232645 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Primary insomnia (PI) is an increasing concern in modern society. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia is the first-line recommendation, yet limited availability and cost impede its widespread use. While hypnotics are frequently used, balancing their benefits against the risk of adverse events poses challenges. This review summarizes the clinical and preclinical evidence of acupuncture as a treatment for PI, discussing its potential mechanisms and role in reliving insomnia. Clinical trials show that acupuncture improves subjective sleep quality, fatigue, cognitive impairments, and emotional symptoms with minimal adverse events. It also positively impacts objective sleep processes, including prolonging total sleep time, improving sleep efficiency, reducing sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset, and enhancing sleep architecture/structure, including increasing N3% and REM%, and decreasing N1%. However, methodological shortcomings in some trials diminish the overall quality of evidence. Animal studies suggest that acupuncture restores circadian rhythms in sleep-deprived rodents and improves their performance in behavioral tests, possibly mediated by various clinical variables and pathways. These may involve neurotransmitters, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, gut microbiota, and other cellular events. While the existing findings support acupuncture as a promising therapeutic strategy for PI, additional high-quality trials are required to validate its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yi Zhao
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China; Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Gerard A Kennedy
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Mount Helen, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Zhen Zheng
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Russell Conduit
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Peijie Xu
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Li-Ping Yue
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nursing, School of International Medical Technology, Shanghai Sanda University, Shanghai, 201209, China.
| | - Qiang-Qiang Fu
- Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Yuen-Shan Ho
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Huang Z. Evidence that Alzheimer's Disease Is a Disease of Competitive Synaptic Plasticity Gone Awry. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:447-470. [PMID: 38669548 PMCID: PMC11119021 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that a physiological function of amyloid-β (Aβ) is to mediate neural activity-dependent homeostatic and competitive synaptic plasticity in the brain. I have previously summarized the lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis and highlighted the similarities between Aβ and anti-microbial peptides in mediating cell/synapse competition. In cell competition, anti-microbial peptides deploy a multitude of mechanisms to ensure both self-protection and competitor elimination. Here I review recent studies showing that similar mechanisms are at play in Aβ-mediated synapse competition and perturbations in these mechanisms underpin Alzheimer's disease (AD). Specifically, I discuss evidence that Aβ and ApoE, two crucial players in AD, co-operate in the regulation of synapse competition. Glial ApoE promotes self-protection by increasing the production of trophic monomeric Aβ and inhibiting its assembly into toxic oligomers. Conversely, Aβ oligomers, once assembled, promote the elimination of competitor synapses via direct toxic activity and amplification of "eat-me" signals promoting the elimination of weak synapses. I further summarize evidence that neuronal ApoE may be part of a gene regulatory network that normally promotes competitive plasticity, explaining the selective vulnerability of ApoE expressing neurons in AD brains. Lastly, I discuss evidence that sleep may be key to Aβ-orchestrated plasticity, in which sleep is not only induced by Aβ but is also required for Aβ-mediated plasticity, underlining the link between sleep and AD. Together, these results strongly argue that AD is a disease of competitive synaptic plasticity gone awry, a novel perspective that may promote AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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3
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Booker LA, Wilson D, Spong J, Fitzgibbon C, Deacon-Crouch M, Lenz KE, Skinner TC. Maternal Circadian Disruption from Shift Work and the Impact on the Concentration of Melatonin in Breast Milk. Breastfeed Med 2024; 19:33-39. [PMID: 38150529 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Melatonin in breast milk exhibits a 24-hour circadian rhythm, present in nighttime breast milk but nearly undetectable in daytime breast milk. Shift work can disrupt the circadian timing of individuals, evident in changes in melatonin in saliva and urine samples. However, it is unknown whether these changes are also reflected in breast milk from a shift working mother. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal circadian rhythm disturbance from shift work impacts the melatonin concentration in breast milk. Materials and Methods: Breast milk and saliva samples were collected from 11 shift working mothers at four timepoints across five consecutive days. This included during their day shift or nonworkdays to act as a control, night shift, subsequent night shifts and postnight shift. Where possible, pre- and postfeed collections were also undertaken. Samples were grouped into four-time intervals: 12-6:30 am, 7-11:30 am, 12-6:30 pm, 7-11:30 pm, and melatonin levels (picogram per milliliter) in the breast milk and saliva samples were analyzed. Results: There was a significant decrease in breast milk melatonin (p = 0.026) at the 12-6:30 am time interval on subsequent night shifts, compared with control days. However, there was no overall time and shift type interaction effect (p = 0.70). In addition, no observed difference in melatonin levels was found in saliva samples, or when comparing pre- and postfeed breast milk. Breast milk melatonin however was found to be significantly higher compared with saliva (p > 0.001), at all but one time interval. Conclusion: The findings suggest that there is a potential effect of maternal circadian rhythm disruption from shift work on breast milk melatonin levels. This is an important step in exploring the role of maternal circadian timing and the effect on breast milk composition. Expansion of this research and exploration of other circadian rhythm misalignment sleep disorders on breast milk is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danielle Wilson
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Cheree Fitzgibbon
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Department of Rural Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Katrin E Lenz
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
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4
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Robertson-Dixon I, Murphy MJ, Crewther SG, Riddell N. The Influence of Light Wavelength on Human HPA Axis Rhythms: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1968. [PMID: 37895351 PMCID: PMC10608196 DOI: 10.3390/life13101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental light entrains many physiological and behavioural processes to the 24 h solar cycle. Such light-driven circadian rhythms are centrally controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which receives information from the short-wavelength-sensitive intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. The SCN synchronizes local clocks throughout the body affecting sleep/wake routines and the secretion of neuroendocrine-linked hormones such as melatonin from the pineal gland and cortisol via the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. Although the effects of light parameters on melatonin have been recently reviewed, whether the experimental variation of the spectral power distribution and intensity of light can induce changes in cortisol rhythms remains unclear. Thus, this systematic review evaluated the effects of daytime exposure to lights of different spectral wavelength characteristics and luminance intensity on the cortisol levels in healthy individuals. A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases on 19 June 2023 identified 3418 articles, of which 12 studies (profiling 337 participants) met the inclusion and risk of bias criteria. An analysis of the literature indicated that exposure to bright lights of any colour during the late night or early morning can induce significant increases in cortisol secretion relative to time-matched dim light comparison conditions. Furthermore, exposure to bright lights with stronger short-wavelength (blue/green) components in the early morning typically induced greater increases in cortisol relative to lights with stronger long-wavelength (red) components. Thus, the circadian regulation of cortisol is sensitive to the wavelength composition of environmental lighting, in line with the more commonly studied melatonin. As such, wavelength characteristics should be optimized and reported in light intervention studies (particularly for the investigation of cortisol-associated disorders and HPA axis function), and exposure to short-wavelength light during sensitive periods should be carefully considered in constructed environments (e.g., bedroom and classroom lighting and device screens).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Robertson-Dixon
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (I.R.-D.); (M.J.M.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Melanie J. Murphy
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (I.R.-D.); (M.J.M.); (S.G.C.)
| | - Sheila G. Crewther
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (I.R.-D.); (M.J.M.); (S.G.C.)
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Nina Riddell
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (I.R.-D.); (M.J.M.); (S.G.C.)
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Moraes MM, Marques AL, Borges L, Hatanaka E, Heller D, Núñez-Espinosa C, Gonçalves DAP, Soares DD, Wanner SP, Mendes TT, Arantes RME. Sleep impairment and altered pattern of circadian biomarkers during a long-term Antarctic summer camp. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15959. [PMID: 37749123 PMCID: PMC10519969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic expeditions include isolation and exposure to cold and extreme photoperiods (with continuous natural light during summer) that may influence psychophysiological responses modulated by luminosity and sleep. We assessed changes in night sleep patterns by actigraphy, salivary biomarkers, and perceptual variables in seven participants in the following time points along a 50-day camping expedition in Antarctica (Nelson Island): Pre-Field (i.e., on the ship before camp), Field-1, Field-2, Field-3, Field-4 (from 1st to 10th, 11th to 20th, 21st to 35th and 36th to 50th days in camp, respectively), and Post-Field (on the ship after camp). We also characterized mood states, daytime sleepiness, and sleep quality by questionnaires. Staying in an Antarctic camp reduced sleep efficiency (5.2%) and increased the number of awakenings and wakefulness after sleep onset (51.8% and 67.1%, respectively). Furthermore, transient increases in time in bed (16.5%) and sleep onset latency (4.8 ± 4.0 min, from Pre- to Field-3) was observed. These changes were accompanied by an altered pattern of the emerging circadian marker β-Arrestin-1 and a trend to reduce nocturnal melatonin [57.1%; P = 0.066, with large effect size (ES) from Pre-Field to Field-2 (ES = 1.2) and Field-3 (ES = 1.2)]. All changes returned to Pre-Field values during the Post-Field. The volunteers reported sleep-related physical complaints (feeling of cold and pain, discomfort to breathe, and cough or loud snoring), excessive daytime sleepiness, and reduced vigor during the camp. Thus, a 50-day camp alters neuroendocrine regulation and induces physical discomfort, which may explain the impaired sleep pattern and the consequent daytime sleepiness and mood changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Macedo Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD-FM/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alice Lamounier Marques
- Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences in Development, Culture and Society, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leandro Borges
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Hatanaka
- Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Debora Heller
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Studies in Dentistry, Universidade Cruzeiro Do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Centro Asistencial Docente y de Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Chilecito, Chile
| | - Dawit Albieiro Pinheiro Gonçalves
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danusa Dias Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Samuel Penna Wanner
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago Teixeira Mendes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Esteves Arantes
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Center for Newborn Screening and Genetics Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (NUPAD-FM/UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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6
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Butler M, D'Angelo S, Perrin A, Rodillas J, Miller D, Arader L, Chandereng T, Cheung YK, Shechter A, Davidson KW. A Series of Remote Melatonin Supplement Interventions for Poor Sleep: Protocol for a Feasibility Pilot Study for a Series of Personalized (N-of-1) Trials. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45313. [PMID: 37535419 PMCID: PMC10436115 DOI: 10.2196/45313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep, defined as short-duration or poor-quality sleep, is a frequently reported condition with many deleterious effects including poorer cognitive functioning, increased accidents, and poorer health. Melatonin has been shown to be an efficacious treatment to manage symptoms of poor sleep. However, the treatment effects of melatonin on sleep can vary greatly between participants. Personalized, or N-of-1, trial designs represent a method for identifying the best treatment for individual participants. Although using N-of-1 trials of melatonin to treat poor sleep is possible, the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of N-of-1 trials using melatonin are unknown. Using the National Institutes of Health Stage Model for Behavioral Intervention Development, a stage IB (intervention refinement, modification, and adaptation and pilot testing) design appeared to be needed to address these feasibility questions. OBJECTIVE This trial series evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a series of personalized interventions for remote delivery of melatonin dose (3 and 0.5 mg) versus placebo supplements for self-reported poor sleep among 60 participants. The goal of this study is to provide valuable information about implementing remote N-of-1 randomized controlled trials to improve poor sleep. METHODS Participants will complete a 2-week baseline followed by six 2-week alternating intervention periods of 3 mg of melatonin, 0.5 mg of melatonin, and placebo. Participants will be randomly assigned to 2 intervention orders. The feasibility and acceptability of the personalized trial approach will be determined with participants' ratings of usability and satisfaction with the remote, personalized intervention delivery system. The effectiveness of the intervention will be measured using participants' self-reported sleep quality and duration and Fitbit tracker-measured sleep duration and efficiency. Additional measures will include ecological momentary assessment measures of fatigue, stress, pain, mood, concentration, and confidence as well as measures of participant adherence to the intervention, use of the Fitbit tracker, and survey data collection. RESULTS As of the submission of this protocol, recruitment for this National Institutes of Health stage IB personalized trial series is approximately 78.3% complete (47/60). We expect recruitment and data collection to be finalized by June 2023. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a series of personalized interventions of melatonin will address the longer term aim of this program of research-is integrating N-of-1 trials useful patient care? The personalized trial series results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will follow the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) extension for N-of-1 trials (CENT 2015) reporting guidelines. This trial series was approved by the Northwell Health institutional review board. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05349188; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05349188. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/45313.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Butler
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Stefani D'Angelo
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Perrin
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jordyn Rodillas
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Danielle Miller
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Lindsay Arader
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- St John's University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thevaa Chandereng
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ying Kuen Cheung
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ari Shechter
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karina W Davidson
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, United States
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7
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Booker LA, Lenz KE, Spong J, Deacon-Crouch M, Wilson DL, Nguyen TH, Skinner TC. High-Temperature Pasteurization Used at Donor Breast Milk Banks Reduces Melatonin Levels in Breast Milk. Breastfeed Med 2023. [PMID: 37257176 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Donor human milk banks are used when breast milk directly from mothers is unavailable or insufficient. Breast milk contains melatonin, which exhibits a 24-hour pattern. Melatonin promotes sleep onset and is barely detected in daytime milk but rises in the evening and peaks early in the morning. Melatonin supports the development of an infant's own circadian rhythm and is important for neurodevelopment. Currently, donor banks pasteurize breast milk using a Holder Pasteurization (HoP) technique where breast milk is treated at a high temperature (+62°) for 30 minutes before cooling to eliminate any pathogens before it is given to infants. It is not known how the pasteurization process affects the melatonin levels in breast milk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pasteurization process reduces melatonin levels in breast milk. Materials and Methods: Ten night-time breast milk samples were collected and each divided into two groups; one group remained unpasteurized and the other group was pasteurized using the HoP technique. Results: Melatonin levels between the unpasteurized and pasteurized groups were compared. Results showed that there was a significant reduction after pasteurization (mean ± standard deviation = 51.92 pg/mL ± 19.54 versus 39.66 pg/mL ± 13.05, p = 0.01). Conclusions: It is important to understand that pasteurization can reduce melatonin levels in breast milk because this hormone is considered important to support the neurodevelopment of infants, especially those born preterm. Further focus on the effect of pasteurization techniques on melatonin in donor breast milk is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrin E Lenz
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Rural Department of Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Rural Department of Health Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle L Wilson
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Trang H Nguyen
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Health and Society, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Markowska M, Niemczyk S, Romejko K. Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060838. [PMID: 36980179 PMCID: PMC10047594 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is mainly secreted by the pineal gland. It coordinates the work of the superior biological clock and consequently affects many processes in the human body. Disorders of the waking and sleeping period result in nervous system imbalance and generate metabolic and endocrine derangements. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin use, particularly in kidney diseases. The impact on the cardiovascular system, diabetes, and homeostasis causes melatonin to be indirectly connected to kidney function and quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, there are numerous reports showing that melatonin plays a role as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, and cytoprotective agent. This means that the supplementation of melatonin can be helpful in almost every type of kidney injury because inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress occur, regardless of the mechanism. The administration of melatonin has a renoprotective effect and inhibits the progression of complications connected to renal failure. It is very important that exogenous melatonin supplementation is well tolerated and that the number of side effects caused by this type of treatment is low.
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9
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Cruz-Sanabria F, Carmassi C, Bruno S, Bazzani A, Carli M, Scarselli M, Faraguna U. Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:951-987. [PMID: 35176989 PMCID: PMC10227911 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220217152617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of exogenous melatonin (exo-MEL) as a sleep-promoting drug has been under extensive debate due to the lack of consistency of its described effects. In this study, we conduct a systematic and comprehensive review of the literature on the chronobiotic, sleep-inducing, and overall sleep-promoting properties of exo-MEL. To this aim, we first describe the possible pharmacological mechanisms involved in the sleep-promoting properties and then report the corresponding effects of exo-MEL administration on clinical outcomes in: a) healthy subjects, b) circadian rhythm sleep disorders, c) primary insomnia. Timing of administration and doses of exo-MEL received particular attention in this work. The exo-MEL pharmacological effects are hereby interpreted in view of changes in the physiological properties and rhythmicity of endogenous melatonin. Finally, we discuss some translational implications for the personalized use of exo-MEL in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francy Cruz-Sanabria
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
| | - Simone Bruno
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
| | - Andrea Bazzani
- Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa – Italy
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
| | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa - Italy
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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10
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Claudio A, Andrea F. Circadian neuromarkers of mood disorders. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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11
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Booker LA, Spong J, Deacon-Crouch M, Skinner TC. Preliminary Exploration into the Impact of Mistimed Expressed Breast Milk Feeding on Infant Sleep Outcomes, Compared to Other Feeding Patterns. Breastfeed Med 2022; 17:853-858. [PMID: 36137055 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2022.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: The presence and fluctuation of melatonin in breast milk during the night and day may be providing sleep timing information to infants, thereby supporting/enabling the development of their own circadian cycle. If this is the case, then it is important that infants consume breast milk according to the time of day it is produced. However, breast milk is not always consumed at the "right" time. The aim of this study was to investigate whether consuming mistimed expressed breast milk impacts infant sleep compared with other feeding types. Methods: A total of 329 mothers completed an online anonymous survey. Mothers were grouped into one of five groups; direct breastfed only, formula only, express mistimed, express-timed, and combined breastfed/formula fed. Results: Cross-sectional analysis showed mistimed expressed breast milk was significantly associated with delayed sleep onset of the infant (p < 0.001), but direct breastfed infants had significantly more awakenings at night (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest a potential effect of mistimed expressed breast milk consumption on an infant's circadian rhythm, affecting some aspects of their sleep. This is an important first step in exploring mistimed feeding on infant sleep outcomes and provides preliminary evidence that warrants future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Booker
- University Department of Rural Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Spong
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Rural Department of Community Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Deacon-Crouch
- Rural Department Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy C Skinner
- University Department of Rural Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Centre for Health and Society, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Feng Z, Diao Y, Ma H, Liu M, Long M, Zhao S, Wu H, Wang Y. Mobile phone addiction and depression among Chinese medical students: the mediating role of sleep quality and the moderating role of peer relationships. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:567. [PMID: 35999533 PMCID: PMC9396829 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature has shown that mobile phone addiction is an important risk factor for depression. However, the internal mechanisms of mobile phone addiction leading to depression are still not clear. This study examined the mediating role of sleep quality and moderating role of peer relationships in the association between mobile phone addiction and depression. A sample of 450 Chinese medical students were recruited to complete measures of mobile phone addiction, depression, sleep quality and peer relationships. In this study, SPSS 25.0 and macro PROCESS were used to conduct statistical analysis on the collected data. The results showed that sleep quality partially mediated the association between mobile phone addiction and depression. Moreover, the effect of sleep quality on depression was moderated by peer relationships. The present study can advance our understanding of how and when mobile phone addiction leads to depression. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Feng
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Yucong Diao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Hongfei Ma
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Minghui Liu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Meijun Long
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Hui Wu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
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13
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Lee S, Kim S, Yang S, Shin Y. Effects of Frequent Smartphone Use on Sleep Problems in Children under 7 Years of Age in Korea: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10252. [PMID: 36011886 PMCID: PMC9408342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of electronic screen devices has a negative effect on sleep. The purpose of this study is to longitudinally examine the effects of various screen use on sleep problems in children under 7 years of age. A total of 314 caregivers of children aged 4−7 years from three cities in Korea were recruited and responded to a self-administered questionnaire from 2017 to 2020. As a result of the analysis of the mixed model designed as a two-leveled structure, the use frequency of smartphones significantly predicted children’s sleep problems (β = 0.328, p < 0.001) compared to that of TV, PC, and tablet PC. In addition, the frequency of smartphone screen use showed a weak but significant correlation with bedtime resistance (r = 0.067, p = 0.009), sleep duration (r = 0.089, p <0.001), nighttime awakening (r = 0.066, p = 0.010), and daytime sleepiness (r = 0.102, p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that screen time education in Korea should focus on smartphones above all else.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangha Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16500, Korea
| | - Sungju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16500, Korea
| | - Sujin Yang
- Gwangju Smile Center for Crime Victims, Gwangju 61480, Korea
| | - Yunmi Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16500, Korea
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14
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Adnyana IMO, Tertia C, Widyadharma IPE, Mahadewi NPAP. Melatonin as a treatment for migraine sufferers: a systematic review. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Migraine is a primary headache with a prevalence of 12–20% in the world. Approximately 38% sufferers were indicated for prophylactic therapy, but only a small proportion (3–13%) received prophylactic therapy. The role of melatonin in migraine is to protect the brain against toxins through anti-free radical activity, inhibition of the release of inflammatory factors and neurotransmitters.
Results
This review uses the PRISMA protocol and uses source from Pubmed. A total of 142 articles were found according to the search strategy. 5 articles were collected with a randomized-controlled trial design that matched the inclusion criteria. Of the 5 articles, there were only 2 articles that proved significant where melatonin gave better results compared to placebo in migraine sufferers, especially in the frequency of attacks, duration, and reduction in the use of other analgesics. Based on the dose and duration of melatonin administration, although most use a dose of 3 mg melatonin with a duration of 2–3 months, this still needs to be investigated further because the available data are not sufficient. In addition, the use of melatonin before going to bed at night is said to be better because it is associated with the majority of side effects that occur, namely sleepiness.
Conclusion
Studies on melatonin and migraine with a randomized-controlled trial design are still limited so there is not enough evidence to support the administration of melatonin as a treatment for migraine sufferers, including the safety and side effects, especially for a long period of time.
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15
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Gu C, Chen Y, Chen Y, Liu CF, Zhu Z, Wang M. Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Microglial Activation: Implication in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:768156. [PMID: 34867296 PMCID: PMC8635063 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.768156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the prevalent neurodegenerative diseases associated with preferential loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and accumulation of α-synuclein in DA neurons. Even though the precise pathogenesis of PD is not clear, a large number of studies have shown that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the process of PD development. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are widely expressed in microglia and several of them act as regulators of microglial activation upon corresponding ligands stimulations. Upon α-synuclein insults, microglia would become excessively activated through some innate immune receptors. Presently, as lack of ideal drugs for treating PD, certain GPCR which is highly expressed in microglia of PD brain and mediates neuroinflammation effectively could be a prospective source for PD therapeutic intervention. Here, six kinds of GPCRs and two types of innate immune receptors were introduced, containing adenosine receptors, purinergic receptors, metabotropic glutamate receptors, adrenergic receptors, cannabinoid receptors, and melatonin receptors and their roles in neuroinflammation; we highlighted the relationship between these six GPCRs and microglial activation in PD. Based on the existing findings, we tried to expound the implication of microglial GPCRs-regulated neuroinflammation to the pathophysiology of PD and their potential to become a new expectation for clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yajing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Freitas RC, Orzari LO, Ferreira LM, Paixão TR, Coltro WK, Vicentini FC, Janegitz BC. Electrochemical determination of melatonin using disposable self-adhesive inked paper electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Is there any relationship between autism and pineal gland volume? Pol J Radiol 2021; 86:e225-e231. [PMID: 34093919 PMCID: PMC8147713 DOI: 10.5114/pjr.2021.105689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Abnormalities in melatonin physiology and circadian rhythm are detected in patients with autism. Melatonin is produced predominantly in the pineal gland and the amount of melatonin released is proportional to the pineal gland volume. This study aimed to examine whether the pineal gland volume in children with autism is different from that in healthy children. Material and methods Brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 120 paediatric patients with autism and 82 control paediatric subjects were examined; pineal parenchymal volume (PPV), pineal cyst rate (PCR), and total pineal gland volume (TPGV) were measured using a multimodality viewer (MMV), but only the TPGVs were measured using a tumour tracking (TT) method. Measurements were taken by 2 separate radiologists. Results In patients with autism, the PPV and TPGV according to MMV, and the TPGV according to TT were significantly lower, and the PCR was significantly higher. Moreover, the ratio of PPV to TPGV was significantly lower in the autism patient group. In both groups, the TPGVs were significantly lower in the autism patient group than the controls among all age groups. Conclusions Our study was the first to examine TPGVs in detail in paediatric patients with autism using 2 different methods. Low PPV-TPGV and high PCR have been observed in autism. This study also provides comparable reference values for pineal gland size in healthy children or autistic children aged 2-17 years. These results show promising potential for further research to understand the relationship between autism pathogenesis and the pineal gland.
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18
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Kim Y, Kang HT, Lee DC. Melatonin Supplementation for Six Weeks Had No Effect on Arterial Stiffness and Mitochondrial DNA in Women Aged 55 Years and Older with Insomnia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052561. [PMID: 33806529 PMCID: PMC7967366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone produced in the pineal gland that controls sleep and circadian rhythm. Some studies have reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin that could benefit cardiometabolic function; however, there is a lack of evidence to support these assertions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether melatonin has beneficial effects on arterial stiffness and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in humans. Methods: This study was designed as a double-blind randomized controlled study. Thirty-eight healthy women aged 55 years and older were enrolled. All had insomnia (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ≥ 5), not treated with any medications, for at least three months before enrollment. Subjects were divided into a melatonin and a placebo group according to melatonin supplementation. The melatonin group took 2 mg melatonin every night for six weeks. The cardio–ankle vascular index (CAVI) was used as an indicator of arterial stiffness. After six weeks, CAVI, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in white blood cells (WBCs), and other metabolic indices, such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), were checked. Results: Sleep quality index using PSQI was improved in the melatonin group from a score of 11 to 8 (p = 0.01), but did not change significantly in the control group. However, there was no significant intergroup difference in PSQI. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased in the melatonin group from 135 to 128 mmHg (p = 0.015), while remaining stable in the placebo group. Right CAVI, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and HOMA-IR were not altered in either group. There were no intergroup differences in CAVI, mtDNA, HOMA-IR, or SBP between baseline and week six. Conclusions: We found no evidence that melatonin supplementation improved cardiometabolic parameters like arterial stiffness, mtDNA, or insulin resistance compared to the placebo between baseline and week six. Sleep quality was improved in the melatonin group. Further research, including longer-term studies with higher doses of melatonin, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.-T.K.)
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hee-Taik Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.-T.K.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Duk-Chul Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2228-2330
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19
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20
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21
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Mangaonkar SR, Shetgaonkar SE, Vernekar AA, Singh FV. Ultrasonic‐Assisted Hypervalent Iodine‐Catalyzed Cyclization of (
E
)‐2‐Hydroxystilbenes to Benzofurans Using Iodobenzene as Pre‐catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeesh R. Mangaonkar
- Chemistry Division School of Advanced Sciences (SAS), VIT Chennai Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Samata E. Shetgaonkar
- Chemistry Division School of Advanced Sciences (SAS), VIT Chennai Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Amit A. Vernekar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI) Adyar Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi India
| | - Fateh V. Singh
- Chemistry Division School of Advanced Sciences (SAS), VIT Chennai Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu India
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22
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Roguski A, Rayment D, Whone AL, Jones MW, Rolinski M. A Neurologist's Guide to REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. Front Neurol 2020; 11:610. [PMID: 32733361 PMCID: PMC7360679 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a chronic sleep condition characterized by dream enactment and loss of REM atonia. Individuals often present to clinic with complaints of injury to themselves or their bed-partner due to violent movements during sleep. RBD patients have a high risk of developing one of the neurodegenerative α-synucleinopathy diseases: over 70% will develop parkinsonism or dementia within 12 years of their diagnosis. RBD patients also exhibit accelerated disease progression and a more severe phenotype than α-synucleinopathy sufferers without RBD. The disease's low prevalence and the relatively limited awareness of the condition amongst medical professionals makes the diagnosis and treatment of RBD challenging. Uncertainty in patient management is further exacerbated by a lack of clinical guidelines for RBD patient care. There are no binary prognostic markers for RBD disease course and there are no clinical guidelines for neurodegeneration scaling or tracking in these patients. Both clinicians and patients are therefore forced to deal with uncertain outcomes. In this review, we summarize RBD pathology and differential diagnoses, diagnostic, and treatment guidelines as well as prognostic recommendations with a look to current research in the scientific field. We aim to raise awareness and develop a framework for best practice for RBD patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Roguski
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Dane Rayment
- Rosa Burden Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alan L Whone
- Department of Neurology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Matt W Jones
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Rolinski
- Department of Neurology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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23
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San L, Arranz B. Agomelatine: A novel mechanism of antidepressant action involving the melatonergic and the serotonergic system. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:396-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe clinical finding that depressive disorders are often associated with desynchronization of internal rhythms has encouraged the idea that resetting normal circadian rhythms may have antidepressant potential. Agomelatine, a naphthalene analog of melatonin, is both an agonist of human cloned melatonergic MT1 and MT2 receptors and a serotonin 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Agomelatine combines zeitgeber (synchroniser of the circadian system) activity with neurotransmitter augmentation properties (enhances the levels of dopamine and noradrenaline in frontal cortex). The efficacy of agomelatine in treating depression has been shown in three short-term, pivotal, randomized, placebo–controlled studies. These studies have demonstrated agomelatine to be efficacious in Major Depressive Disorder at the standard dose of 25 mg/day, with the possibility of increasing doses to 50 mg/day in those patients with insufficient improvement. The number of adverse events during the treatment period was comparable to placebo. Four studies have shown the positive effect of agomelatine on sleep continuity and quality and shortening of sleep latency. Despite these promising data, further studies are needed to examine agomelatine's efficacy over a longer treatment period.
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24
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Kumari Y, Choo BKM, Shaikh MF, Othman I. Melatonin receptor agonist Piper betle L. ameliorates dexamethasone-induced early life stress in adult zebrafish. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1407-1416. [PMID: 31363378 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life exposure to stress has been suggested to be a crucial factor for the development of the brain and its functions. It is well documented that childhood stress is a risk factor for sleep problems in adulthood. Piper betle L. leaf extract (PB) has been used in several traditional medicines to cure various ailments. Recently, PB has been proved to have antidepressant activity. The literature suggests that antidepressants affect the synthesis and release of melatonin through several mechanisms. Thus, this study investigated the potential role of PB for the treatment of sleep disruption after early life stress exposure. Firstly, dexamethasone (DEX) (2 and 20 mg/l for 24 h) was administered to zebrafish larvae on the 4th day post-fertilization (dpf) to induce early life stress. The effects of stress on behaviour during adulthood, melatonin level and stress-related gene expression (nfkb) in the brain were then studied. Next, the possible role of PB (10 and 30 mg/Kg) was studied by measuring its effect on behaviour and by quantifying the expression levels of several melatonin-related (MT1, MT2, aanat1, aanat2) and stress-related (nfkb) genes by qPCR. DEX-treated zebrafish exhibited anxious behaviour, along with a lower level of melatonin and a higher mRNA expression of nfkb. After treatment with PB, a similar effect on behaviour and gene expression levels as the melatonin treatment group (10 mg/kg; positive control) was seen in adult zebrafish. These molecular confirmations of the observed behavioural effects of the PB indicate a possible role in the treatment of early life stress-induced sleep disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatinesh Kumari
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Brandon Kar Meng Choo
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
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25
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Stefan-van Staden RI, Lungu-Moscalu A, van Staden JF. Pattern recognition of melatonin using stochastic sensors. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00588a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modified graphene paste stochastic sensors detect melatonin in biological fluids, whole blood, and pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter
- Bucharest 060021
- Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest
- Bucharest
| | - Alexandrina Lungu-Moscalu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter
- Bucharest 060021
- Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest
- Bucharest
| | - Jacobus Frederick van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB Bucharest, National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter
- Bucharest 060021
- Romania
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26
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Agorastos A, Nicolaides NC, Bozikas VP, Chrousos GP, Pervanidou P. Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:1003. [PMID: 32047446 PMCID: PMC6997541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic fluctuations in energy demands by the rhythmic succession of night and day on our planet has prompted a geophysical evolutionary need for biological temporal organization across phylogeny. The intrinsic circadian timing system (CS) represents a highly conserved and sophisticated internal "clock," adjusted to the 24-h rotation period of the earth, enabling a nyctohemeral coordination of numerous physiologic processes, from gene expression to behavior. The human CS is tightly and bidirectionally interconnected to the stress system (SS). Both systems are fundamental for survival and regulate each other's activity in order to prepare the organism for the anticipated cyclic challenges. Thereby, the understanding of the temporal relationship between stressors and stress responses is critical for the comprehension of the molecular basis of physiology and pathogenesis of disease. A critical loss of the harmonious timed order at different organizational levels may affect the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic systems, leading to a breakdown of biobehavioral adaptative mechanisms with increased stress sensitivity and vulnerability. In this review, following an overview of the functional components of the SS and CS, we present their multilevel interactions and discuss how traumatic stress can alter the interplay between the two systems. Circadian dysregulation after traumatic stress exposure may represent a core feature of trauma-related disorders mediating enduring neurobiological correlates of trauma through maladaptive stress regulation. Understanding the mechanisms susceptible to circadian dysregulation and their role in stress-related disorders could provide new insights into disease mechanisms, advancing psychochronobiological treatment possibilities and preventive strategies in stress-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicolas C Nicolaides
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios P Bozikas
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Unit of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- Unit of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Driver S, Stork R. Pharmacological management of sleep after traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2018; 43:347-353. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-182536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Driver
- Brain Injury Medicine and Rehabilitation Program, Shirley Ryan Abilitylab, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Stork
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Elkhenany H, AlOkda A, El-Badawy A, El-Badri N. Tissue regeneration: Impact of sleep on stem cell regenerative capacity. Life Sci 2018; 214:51-61. [PMID: 30393021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm orchestrates many cellular functions, such as cell division, cell migration, metabolism and numerous intracellular biological processes. The physiological changes during sleep are believed to promote a suitable microenvironment for stem cells to proliferate, migrate and differentiate. These effects are mediated either directly by circadian clock genes or indirectly via hormones and cytokines. Hormones, such as melatonin and cortisol, are secreted in response to neural optic signals and act in harmony to regulate many biological functions during sleep. Herein, we correlate the effects of the main circadian genes on the expression of certain stem cell genes responsible for the regeneration of different tissues, including bone, cartilage, skin, and intestine. We also review the effects of different hormones and cytokines on stem cell activation or suppression and their relationship to the day/night cycle. The correlation of circadian rhythm with tissue regeneration could have implications in understanding the biology of sleep and tissue regeneration and in enhancing the efficacy and timing of surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Elkhenany
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22785, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman AlOkda
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Badawy
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt.
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Pharmacological Approach to Sleep Disturbances in Autism Spectrum Disorders with Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Literature Review. Med Sci (Basel) 2018; 6:medsci6040095. [PMID: 30366448 PMCID: PMC6313590 DOI: 10.3390/medsci6040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant emotional, social and behavioral dysfunction. Sleep disorders co-occur in approximately half of the patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sleep problems in individuals with ASD have also been associated with poor social interaction, increased stereotypy, problems in communication, and overall autistic behavior. Behavioral interventions are considered a primary modality of treatment. There is limited evidence for psychopharmacological treatments in autism; however, these are frequently prescribed. Melatonin, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and α agonists have generally been used with melatonin, having a relatively large body of evidence. Further research and information are needed to guide and individualize treatment for this population group.
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Khan S, Nabi G, Yao L, Siddique R, Sajjad W, Kumar S, Duan P, Hou H. Health risks associated with genetic alterations in internal clock system by external factors. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:791-798. [PMID: 29910689 PMCID: PMC6001675 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.23744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system maintains the main aspects of physiological and behavioral processes. Both circadian rhythm and sleep impact an organism's health through interaction with environmental factors. Variations in external factors influence the functionality of clock genes and disrupt 24-hour rhythmic cycle. The disrupted circadian rhythm and disregulated sleep affect an organism's health, thereby causing several disorders including cancer, depression and cardiac disorders. Considering the role of clock genes and environmental factors, extensive investigation is required focusing on pathways involved in development of life-threatening disorders. This review identifies the major risks and associated factors related with disruption in circadian system and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P.R China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P.R China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
- Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province / Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Sunjeet Kumar
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P.R China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P.R China
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31
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Assessing the Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and No Comorbid Intellectual Disability. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 47:2120-2137. [PMID: 28444476 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed melatonin levels and the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and also investigated the relationships between melatonin and objectively measured sleep parameters. Sixteen adults with ASD (ASD-Only), 12 adults with ASD medicated for comorbid diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression (ASD-Med) and 32 controls participated in the study. Although, the timing of the DLMO did not differ between the two groups, advances and delays of the melatonin rhythm were observed in individual profiles. Overall mean melatonin levels were lower in the ASD-Med group compared to the two other groups. Lastly, greater increases in melatonin in the hour prior to sleep were associated with greater sleep efficiency in the ASD groups.
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32
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Shiftwork-Mediated Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Homeostasis Cause Serious Health Problems. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:8576890. [PMID: 29607311 PMCID: PMC5828540 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8576890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiftwork became common during the last few decades with the growing demands of human life. Despite the social inactivity and irregularity in habits, working in continuous irregular shifts causes serious health issues including sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders, cancer, and metabolic disorders. These health problems arise due to the disruption in circadian clock system, which is associated with alterations in genetic expressions. Alteration in clock controlling genes further affects genes linked with disorders including major depression disorder, bipolar disorder, phase delay and phase advance sleep syndromes, breast cancer, and colon cancer. A diverse research work is needed focusing on broad spectrum changes caused by jet lag in brain and neuronal system. This review is an attempt to motivate the researchers to conduct advanced studies in this area to identify the risk factors and mechanisms. Its goal is extended to make the shift workers aware about the risks associated with shiftwork.
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Chauhan R, Chen KF, Kent BA, Crowther DC. Central and peripheral circadian clocks and their role in Alzheimer's disease. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1187-1199. [PMID: 28993311 PMCID: PMC5665458 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and cellular oscillations constitute an internal clock that tracks the time of day and permits organisms to optimize their behaviour and metabolism to suit the daily demands they face. The workings of this internal clock become impaired with age. In this review, we discuss whether such age-related impairments in the circadian clock interact with age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Findings from mouse and fly models of Alzheimer's disease have accelerated our understanding of the interaction between neurodegeneration and circadian biology. These models show that neurodegeneration likely impairs circadian rhythms either by damaging the central clock or by blocking its communication with other brain areas and with peripheral tissues. The consequent sleep and metabolic deficits could enhance the susceptibility of the brain to further degenerative processes. Thus, circadian dysfunction might be both a cause and an effect of neurodegeneration. We also discuss the primary role of light in the entrainment of the central clock and describe important, alternative time signals, such as food, that play a role in entraining central and peripheral circadian clocks. Finally, we propose how these recent insights could inform efforts to develop novel therapeutic approaches to re-entrain arrhythmic individuals with neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Chauhan
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Ko-Fan Chen
- Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Brianne A Kent
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Damian C Crowther
- Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines and Early Development, AstraZeneca, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
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Khan S, Heussler H, McGuire T, Dakin C, Pache D, Cooper D, Norris R, Flenady V, Charles B. Melatonin for non-respiratory sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009140.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohil Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University; Gold Coast Australia
| | - Helen Heussler
- Mater Children's Hospital; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine; Stanley St., South Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
- The University of Queensland; Discpline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine; Brisbane Australia
| | - Treasure McGuire
- Bond University; Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine; University Drive, Robina Gold Coast Queensland Australia 4229
- The University of Queensland; School of Pharmacy; Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102
- Mater Health Services; Mater Pharmacy Services (Practice & Development); South Brisbane Australia 4101
| | - Carolyn Dakin
- Mater Children's Hospital; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine; Stanley St., South Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
| | - David Pache
- The University of Queensland; School of Pharmacy; Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102
- Mater Health Services; Pharmacy (Practice & Development); South Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
- Queensland University of Technology; School of Nursing and Midwifery; Brisbane Australia
| | - David Cooper
- Mater Children's Hospital; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine; Stanley St., South Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
- The University of Queensland; School of Medicine; Brisbane Australia
| | - Ross Norris
- The University of Queensland; School of Pharmacy; Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102
- Mater Pharmacy Services; Australian Centre for Paediatric Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Advisory Service; Mater Hospital South Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
- Griffith University; Gold Coast Australia
| | - Vicki Flenady
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland (MRI-UQ); Stillbirth Research Team; Level 2 Aubigny Place Mater Health Services Brisbane Queensland Australia 4101
| | - Bruce Charles
- The University of Queensland; School of Pharmacy; Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102
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35
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Jehan S, Jean-Louis G, Zizi F, Auguste E, Pandi-Perumal SR, Gupta R, Attarian H, McFarlane SI, Hardeland R, Brzezinski A. Sleep, melatonin, and the menopausal transition: What are the links? Sleep Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.slsci.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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36
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Jehan S, Jean-Louis G, Zizi F, Auguste E, Pandi-Perumal SR, Gupta R, Attarian H, McFarlane SI, Hardeland R, Brzezinski A. Sleep, Melatonin, and the Menopausal Transition: What Are the Links? Sleep Sci 2017; 10:11-18. [PMID: 28966733 PMCID: PMC5611767 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20170003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone Melatonin plays an important role in the regulation of the circadian sleep/wake cycle, mood, and perhaps immune functions, carcinogensis and reproduction. The human circadian rhythm of melatonin release from the pineal gland is tightly synchronized with the habitual hours of sleep. Peri- and postmenopausal women often complain of difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep, with frequent nocturnal and early morning awakenings. In this review we discuss the pathophysiology of melatonin function as it relates to sleep disorders in menopausal women, highlighting the potential use of exogenous melatonin during the menopausal transition and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Jehan
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Giardin Jean-Louis
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Ferdinand Zizi
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Evan Auguste
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of
Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry & Sleep Clinic, Himalayan Institute of
Medical Sciences, Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Dehradun-248016, INDIA
| | - Hrayr Attarian
- Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Research Lab, Department of Neurology,
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Samy I. McFarlane
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate
Medical Center, 11203 Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology,
University of Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Amnon Brzezinski
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the Hebrew
University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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37
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Agorastos A, Linthorst ACE. Potential pleiotropic beneficial effects of adjuvant melatonergic treatment in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:3-26. [PMID: 27061919 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss of circadian rhythmicity fundamentally affects the neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic system, similar to chronic stress and may play a central role in the development of stress-related disorders. Recent articles have focused on the role of sleep and circadian disruption in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggesting that chronodisruption plays a causal role in PTSD development. Direct and indirect human and animal PTSD research suggests circadian system-linked neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic and autonomic dysregulation, linking circadian misalignment to PTSD pathophysiology. Recent experimental findings also support a specific role of the fundamental synchronizing pineal hormone melatonin in mechanisms of sleep, cognition and memory, metabolism, pain, neuroimmunomodulation, stress endocrinology and physiology, circadian gene expression, oxidative stress and epigenetics, all processes affected in PTSD. In the current paper, we review available literature underpinning a potentially beneficiary role of an add-on melatonergic treatment in PTSD pathophysiology and PTSD-related symptoms. The literature is presented as a narrative review, providing an overview on the most important and clinically relevant publications. We conclude that adjuvant melatonergic treatment could provide a potentially promising treatment strategy in the management of PTSD and especially PTSD-related syndromes and comorbidities. Rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are needed to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid C E Linthorst
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Neurobiology of Stress and Behaviour Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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38
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Cardinali DP, Golombek DA, Rosenstein RE, Brusco LI, Vigo DE. Assessing the efficacy of melatonin to curtail benzodiazepine/Z drug abuse. Pharmacol Res 2016; 109:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chung S, Youn S, Park B, Lee S, Kim C. The Effectiveness of Prolonged-Release Melatonin in Primary Insomnia Patients with a Regular Sleep-Wake Cycle. SLEEP MEDICINE RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2016.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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40
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Apetrei IM, Apetrei C. Voltammetric determination of melatonin using a graphene-based sensor in pharmaceutical products. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1859-66. [PMID: 27194909 PMCID: PMC4859415 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin can be sensitively detected in pharmaceuticals by cyclic voltammetry and fixed-potential amperometry using a graphene-based sensor. The sensor characterization of cyclic voltammetry constantly provides high values of electrode active area and heterogeneous rate constant. In optimal conditions, the sensor was applied for the determination of melatonin in different pharmaceutical samples. The sensitivity to melatonin was 0.0371 A M(-1), and the limit of detection was 0.87×10(-6) M. The data obtained by using the graphene-based sensor for the detection of melatonin in pharmaceutical products were in good agreement with the data provided by the producer. Since no interferences from the excipients were found, using a separation technique was not necessary. Additionally, the low price, ease of handling, small amount of sample, short time per analysis, and possibility of automation are the important advantages that recommend this methodology for quality control of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Mirela Apetrei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Constantin Apetrei
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
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41
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Saksvik-Lehouillier I, Harrison SL, Marshall LM, Tranah GJ, Ensrud K, Ancoli-Israel S, Clemons A, Redline S, Stone KL, Schernhammer ES. Association of Urinary 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) Levels and Objective and Subjective Sleep Measures in Older Men: The MrOS Sleep Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70:1569-77. [PMID: 26265731 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep and melatonin have been associated with healthy aging. In this study, we examine the association between melatonin levels and sleep among older men. METHODS Cross-sectional study of a community-dwelling cohort of 2,821 men aged 65 years or older recruited from six U.S. centers. First morning void urine samples were collected to measure melatonin's major urinary metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s). We also assessed objective and subjective sleep parameters. We used logistic regression models to calculate multivariate (MV) odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for important demographic variables and comorbidities. RESULTS In the overall sample, the only significant finding in fully adjusted models was that aMT6s levels were inversely associated with subjectively measured daytime sleepiness (sleepiness mean score of 5.79 in the top aMT6s quartile, and 6.26 in the bottom aMT6s quartile, MV OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.95-1.84; p trend ≤ .02). When restricting to men without β-blocker use (a known melatonin suppressant), aMT6s levels were significantly associated with shorter sleep time, that is, less than 5 hours (MV OR, = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.21-2.99; p trend = .01), and worse sleep efficiency, that is, less than 70% (MV OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.28-2.65; p trend < .001). aMT6s were not associated with subjective sleep quality or respiratory disturbance in any of our analyses. CONCLUSION Lower nocturnal melatonin levels were associated with worsened daytime sleepiness, sleep efficiency, and shorter sleep time in older men. The role of circadian interventions, and whether melatonin levels are a modifiable risk factor for poor sleep in older men, warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lynn M Marshall
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Department of Medicine, Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Greg J Tranah
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco
| | - Kristine Ensrud
- Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minnesota. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Aaron Clemons
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute (OCTRI) Core Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| | - Susan Redline
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katie L Stone
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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42
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Exogenous Melatonin for Delirium Prevention: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4046-4053. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Shukla M, Htoo HH, Wintachai P, Hernandez JF, Dubois C, Postina R, Xu H, Checler F, Smith DR, Govitrapong P, Vincent B. Melatonin stimulates the nonamyloidogenic processing of βAPP through the positive transcriptional regulation of ADAM10 and ADAM17. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:151-65. [PMID: 25491598 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin controls many physiological functions including regulation of the circadian rhythm and clearance of free radicals and neuroprotection. Importantly, melatonin levels strongly decrease as we age and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) display lower melatonin than age-matched controls. Several studies have reported that melatonin can reduce aggregation and toxicity of amyloid-β peptides that are produced from the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP). However, whether melatonin can directly regulate the βAPP-cleaving proteases ('secretases') has not been investigated so far. In this study, we establish that melatonin stimulates the α-secretase cleavage of βAPP in cultured neuronal and non-neuronal cells. This effect is fully reversed by ADAM10- and ADAM17-specific inhibitors and requires both plasma membrane-located melatonin receptor activation, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Moreover, we demonstrate that melatonin upregulates both ADAM10 and ADAM17 catalytic activities and endogenous protein levels. Importantly, genetic depletion of one or the other protease in mouse embryonic fibroblasts prevents melatonin stimulating constitutive and PKC-regulated sAPPα secretion and ADAM10/ADAM17 catalytic activities. Furthermore, we show that melatonin induces ADAM10 and ADAM17 promoter transactivation, and we identify the targeted promoter regions. Finally, we correlate melatonin-dependent sAPPα production with a protection against staurosporine-induced apoptosis. Altogether, our results provide the first demonstration that melatonin upregulates the nonamyloidogenic ADAM10 and ADAM17 proteases through melatonin receptor activation, ERK phosphorylation and the transactivation of some specific regions of their promoters and further underline the preventive rather than curative nature of melatonin regarding AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Shukla
- The Research Center for Neuroscience, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Chakraborti D, Tampi DJ, Tampi RR. Melatonin and melatonin agonist for delirium in the elderly patients. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2015; 30:119-29. [PMID: 24946785 PMCID: PMC10852672 DOI: 10.1177/1533317514539379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to summarize the available data on the use of melatonin and melatonin agonist for the prevention and management of delirium in the elderly patients from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search of 5 major databases PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted. This search yielded a total of 2 RCTs for melatonin. One study compared melatonin to midazolam, clonidine, and control groups for the prevention and management of delirium in individuals who were pre- and posthip post-hip arthroplasty. The other study compared melatonin to placebo for the prevention of delirium in older adults admitted to an inpatient internal medicine service. Data from these 2 studies indicate that melatonin may have some benefit in the prevention and management of delirium in older adults. However, there is no evidence that melatonin reduces the severity of delirium or has any effect on behaviors or functions in these individuals. Melatonin was well tolerated in these 2 studies. The search for a melatonin agonist for delirium in the elderly patients yielded 1 study of ramelteon. In this study, ramelteon was found to be beneficial in preventing delirium in medically ill individuals when compared to placebo. Ramelteon was well tolerated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwaipayan Chakraborti
- The Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Deena J Tampi
- Behavioral Health Service, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Rajesh R Tampi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA Adult Psychiatry Residency, Regional Academic Health Center, Harlingen, TX, USA
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Leong M, Smith TJ, Rowland-Seymour A. Complementary and integrative medicine for older adults in palliative care. Clin Geriatr Med 2015; 31:177-91. [PMID: 25920054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) encompasses many diverse therapies, including natural products and mind and body practices. Use of CIM is common and can benefit patients in palliative care. However, because patients in palliative care are often frail and elderly, the clinician should consider a patient's comorbidities before recommending certain therapies, such as natural products. In this article, specific examples of CIM are provided for symptoms commonly seen in palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Leong
- Department of Palliative Care, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Blalock 369, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Thomas J Smith
- Department of Palliative Care, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Blalock 369, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Anastasia Rowland-Seymour
- Program in Integrative Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Jain SV, Horn PS, Simakajornboon N, Beebe DW, Holland K, Byars AW, Glauser TA. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Sleep Med 2015; 16:637-44. [PMID: 25862116 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insomnia, especially maintenance insomnia, is widely prevalent in epilepsy. Although melatonin is commonly used, limited data address its efficacy. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to identify the effects of melatonin on sleep and seizure control in children with epilepsy. METHODS Eleven prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy were randomized by a software algorithm to receive placebo or a 9-mg sustained release (SR) melatonin formulation for four weeks, followed by a one-week washout and a four-week crossover condition. The pharmacy performed blinding; patients, parents, and study staff other than a statistician were blinded. The primary outcomes were sleep onset latency and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) measured on polysomnography. The secondary outcomes included seizure frequency, epileptiform spike density per hour of sleep on electroencephalogram (EEG), and reaction time (RT) measures on psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Statistical tests appropriate for crossover designs were used for the analysis. RESULTS Data were analyzed from 10 subjects who completed the study. Melatonin decreased sleep latency (mean difference, MD, of 11.4 min and p = 0.02) and WASO (MD of 22 min and p = 0.04) as compared to placebo. No worsening of spike density or seizure frequency was seen. Additionally, slow-wave sleep duration and rapid eye movement (REM) latency were increased with melatonin and REM sleep duration was decreased. These changes were statistically significant. Worsening of headache was noted in one subject with migraine on melatonin. CONCLUSION SR melatonin resulted in statistically significant decreases in sleep latency and WASO. No clear effects on seizures were observed, but the study was too small to allow any conclusions to be drawn in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal V Jain
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Paul S Horn
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Narong Simakajornboon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dean W Beebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katherine Holland
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna W Byars
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tracy A Glauser
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Levy SE, Hyman SL. Complementary and alternative medicine treatments for children with autism spectrum disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2015; 24:117-43. [PMID: 25455579 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are many treatments in current use for core and associated symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This review discusses the complementary and alternative medical (CAM) treatments commonly added to conventional interventions for children with ASD, including natural products, mind and body practices, and other biomedical treatments. The article focuses on factors associated with use of CAM, the empirical evidence for the most frequently used treatments, and how clinicians work with families who choose CAM treatments. Some treatments have been ineffective, some have unacceptable potential side effects, and others require more study in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Levy
- Division of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3550 Market Street, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Susan L Hyman
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Golisano Children's Hospital, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Costello RB, Lentino CV, Boyd CC, O'Connell ML, Crawford CC, Sprengel ML, Deuster PA. The effectiveness of melatonin for promoting healthy sleep: a rapid evidence assessment of the literature. Nutr J 2014; 13:106. [PMID: 25380732 PMCID: PMC4273450 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted using Samueli Institute’s Rapid Evidence Assessment of the Literature (REAL©) process to determine the evidence base for melatonin as an agent to optimize sleep or improve sleep quality, and generalize the results to a military, civilian, or other healthy, active, adult population. Multiple databases were searched yielding 35 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the review’s inclusion criteria, which were assessed for methodological quality as well as for melatonin effectiveness. The majority of included studies were high quality (83.0%). Overall, according to Grading Recommendations, Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, weak recommendations were made for preventing phase shifts from jet lag, for improving insomnia in both healthy volunteers and individuals with a history of insomnia, and for initiating sleep and/or improving sleep efficacy. Based on the literature to date, no recommendations for use in shift workers or to improve hormonal phase shift changes in healthy people can be made at this time. Larger and longer-duration RCTs utilizing well characterized products are needed to warrant melatonin recommendations in young, healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Patricia A Deuster
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
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Rogers VE, Zhu S, Ancoli-Israel S, Hinds PS. Impairment in circadian activity rhythms occurs during dexamethasone therapy in children with leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1986-91. [PMID: 25066691 PMCID: PMC7416508 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian rhythm disturbances in adults with cancer are associated with fatigue, time to relapse, and death. This study of circadian activity rhythms (CAR) of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on continuation chemotherapy aimed to describe CAR before and after starting dexamethasone, and to determine whether fatigue was associated with less robust CAR. PROCEDURE This was a secondary analysis of data from a multi-institutional study in which children with ALL aged 5-18 years wore an actigraph for 10 consecutive 24-hour periods, five before and five during dexamethasone therapy. CAR parameters measured by actigraphy were calculated for each 5-day period, including peak activity, MESOR, amplitude, acrophase, and circadian quotient. Fatigue was measured on study days 2, 5, 7, and 10 by parent-report and self-report for children ≥ 7 years. RESULTS Eighty-two children qualified for CAR analysis, and 87 for analysis of daily peak activity patterns and fatigue. Mean age was 8.8 ± 3.3 years. Peak activity, MESOR, and amplitude significantly decreased during dexamethasone therapy. Children on high-dose dexamethasone (8 or 12 mg/m(2)/d) had significantly higher (better, or more robust) values of several CAR parameters than those on low-dose (6 mg/m(2)/d). There was a significant trend of decreasing daily pattern of peak activity during dexamethasone therapy only. Fatigue increased across the study and was associated with decreasing CAR peak activity, MESOR, and amplitude. CONCLUSIONS Dexamethasone initiation was associated with a decrease in several CAR parameters, and a significant decrease in the trend of daily peak activity. Fatigue was associated with less robust CAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pamela S. Hinds
- Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University
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