1
|
McDonald BZ, Tarudji AW, Zhang H, Ryu S, Eskridge KM, Kievit FM. Traumatic brain injury heterogeneity affects cell death and autophagy. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-024-06856-1. [PMID: 38789796 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) mechanism and severity are heterogenous clinically, resulting in a multitude of physical, cognitive, and behavioral deficits. Impact variability influences the origin, spread, and classification of molecular dysfunction which limits strategies for comprehensive clinical intervention. Indeed, there are currently no clinically approved therapeutics for treating the secondary consequences associated with TBI. Thus, examining pathophysiological changes from heterogeneous impacts is imperative for improving clinical translation and evaluating the efficacy of potential therapeutic strategies. Here we utilized TBI models that varied in both injury mechanism and severity including severe traditional controlled cortical impact (CCI), modified mild CCI (MTBI), and multiple severities of closed-head diffuse TBI (DTBI), and assessed pathophysiological changes. Severe CCI induced cortical lesions and necrosis, while both MTBI and DTBI lacked lesions or significant necrotic damage. Autophagy was activated in the ipsilateral cortex following CCI, but acutely impaired in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Additionally, autophagy was activated in the cortex following DTBI, and autophagic impairment was observed in either the cortex or hippocampus following impact from each DTBI severity. Thus, we provide evidence that autophagy is a therapeutic target for both mild and severe TBI. However, dramatic increases in necrosis following CCI may negatively impact the clinical translatability of therapeutics designed to treat acute dysfunction in TBI. Overall, these results provide evidence that injury sequalae affiliated with TBI heterogeneity is linked through autophagy activation and/or impaired autophagic flux. Thus, therapeutic strategies designed to intervene in autophagy may alleviate pathophysiological consequences, in addition to the cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Z McDonald
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4240 Fair St., 264 Morrsion Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Aria W Tarudji
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4240 Fair St., 264 Morrsion Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 844 N. 16th St., 203 Scott Engineering Center, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
| | - Sangjin Ryu
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 844 N. 16th St., 203 Scott Engineering Center, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 901 N. 17th St., W316 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68508, USA
| | - Kent M Eskridge
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3310 Holdrege St., 343E Hardin Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68503, USA
| | - Forrest M Kievit
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 4240 Fair St., 264 Morrsion Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gong QY, Wang W, Cai L, Jing Y, Yang DX, Yuan F, Tian HL, Ding J, Chen H, Xu ZM. Transplantation of astrocyte-derived mitochondria into injured astrocytes has a protective effect following stretch injury. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101902. [PMID: 38768694 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public-health problem. Astrocytes, and their mitochondria, are important factors in the pathogenesis of TBI-induced secondary injury. Mitochondria extracted from healthy tissues and then transplanted have shown promise in models of a variety of diseases. However, the effect on recipient astrocytes is unclear. Here, we isolated primary astrocytes from newborn C57BL/6 mice, one portion of which was used to isolate mitochondria, and another was subjected to stretch injury (SI) followed by transplantation of the isolated mitochondria. After incubation for 12 h, cell viability, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium overload, redox stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis were improved. Live-cell imaging showed that the transplanted mitochondria were incorporated into injured astrocytes and fused with their mitochondrial networks, which was in accordance with the changes in the expression levels of markers of mitochondrial dynamics. The astrocytic IKK/NF-κB pathway was decelerated whereas the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway was accelerated by transplantation. Together, these results indicate that exogenous mitochondria from untreated astrocytes can be incorporated into injured astrocytes and fuse with their mitochondrial networks, improving cell viability by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction, redox stress, calcium overload, and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yuan Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dian-Xu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Heng-Li Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fryer AL, Abdullah A, Mobilio F, Jobling A, Moore Z, de Veer M, Zheng G, Wong BX, Taylor JM, Crack PJ. Pharmacological inhibition of STING reduces neuroinflammation-mediated damage post-traumatic brain injury. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38710660 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major public health concern worldwide with unmet effective treatment. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and its downstream type-I interferon (IFN) signalling are now appreciated to be involved in TBI pathogenesis. Compelling evidence have shown that STING and type-I IFNs are key in mediating the detrimental neuroinflammatory response after TBI. Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of STING presents a viable therapeutic opportunity in combating the detrimental neuroinflammatory response after TBI. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of the small-molecule STING inhibitor n-(4-iodophenyl)-5-nitrofuran-2-carboxamide (C-176) in the controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI in 10- to 12-week-old male mice. Thirty minutes post-controlled cortical impact surgery, a single 750-nmol dose of C-176 or saline (vehicle) was administered intravenously. Analysis was conducted 2 h and 24 h post-TBI. KEY RESULTS Mice administered C-176 had significantly smaller cortical lesion area when compared to vehicle-treated mice 24 h post-TBI. Quantitative temporal gait analysis conducted using DigiGait™ showed C-176 administration attenuated TBI-induced impairments in gait symmetry, stride frequency and forelimb stance width. C-176-treated mice displayed a significant reduction in striatal gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines Tnf-α, Il-1β and Cxcl10 compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts 2 h post-TBI. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates the neuroprotective activity of C-176 in ameliorating acute neuroinflammation and preventing white matter neurodegeneration post-TBI. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of small-molecule inhibitors targeting STING for the treatment of trauma-induced inflammation and neuroprotective potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L Fryer
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amar Abdullah
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Frank Mobilio
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Andrew Jobling
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Zachery Moore
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Michael de Veer
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gang Zheng
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Bruce X Wong
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Juliet M Taylor
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Peter J Crack
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Gao X, Tian Z, Yang E, Huang Y, Liu D, Dai S, Zhang H, Bao M, Jiang X, Li X, Luo P. Preso enhances mGluR1-mediated excitotoxicity by modulating the phosphorylation of mGluR1-Homer1 complex and facilitating an ER stress after traumatic brain injury. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:153. [PMID: 38531909 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate receptor (GluR)-mediated excitotoxicity is an important mechanism causing delayed neuronal injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Preso, as a core scaffolding protein of postsynaptic density (PSD), is considered an important regulator during excitotoxicity and TBI and combines with glutamate receptors to form functional units for excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission, and elucidating the mechanisms of these functional units will provide new targets for the treatment of TBI. As a multidomain scaffolding protein, Preso directly interacts with metabotropic GluR (mGluR) and another scaffold protein, Homer. Because the mGluR-Homer complex plays a crucial role in TBI, modulation of this complex by Preso may be an important mechanism affecting the excitotoxic damage to neurons after TBI. Here, we demonstrate that Preso facilitates the interaction between metabotropic mGluR1 and Homer1 to activate mGluR1 signaling and cause excitotoxic neuronal injury and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress after TBI. The regulatory effect of Preso on the mGluR1-Homer1 complex is dependent on the direct association between Preso and this complex and also involves the phosphorylation of the interactive binding sites of mGluR1 and Homer1 by Preso. Further studies confirmed that Preso, as an adaptor of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), promotes the phosphorylation of the Homer1-binding site on mGluR1 by CDK5 and thereby enhances the interaction between mGluR1 and Homer1. Preso can also promote the formation of the mGluR1-Homer1 complex by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the Homer1 hinge region by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα). Based on these molecular mechanisms, we designed several blocking peptides targeting the interaction between Preso and the mGluR1-Homer1 complex and found that directly disrupting the association between mGluR1 and scaffolding proteins significantly promotes the recovery of motor function after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhicheng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erwan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingdong Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen YT, Nyam TTE, Tsai LC, Chang CH, Su CL, Ho CH, Chio CC, Gean PW, Kuo JR. Pretreatment with Lovastatin Improves Depression-Like Behavior After Traumatic Brain Injury Through Activation of the AMPK Pathway. World Neurosurg 2023; 180:e350-e363. [PMID: 37757945 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effect of pretreatment with statins on traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced depression and anxiety and its mechanism of action remain unclear. In this study, we combined epidemiological and experimental animal data to clarify this issue. METHODS We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance database to identify patients who were diagnosed with TBI from 2000 to 2013 and compared patients with and without statin treatment matched by age, sex, and underlying comorbidities in a 1:1 ratio. The risk of developing depression and/or anxiety was compared between patients with and without a statin using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also used a rat model to assess the effect of lovastatin pretreatment on neurobehavioral and neuropathological changes following TBI. RESULTS The risk of developing depression was lower in the 41,803 patients in the statin cohort than nonstatin cohort (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.91 [95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.99]). In animal models, the lovastatin group had significantly reduced infarct volume, decreased immobility time and latency to eat, a reduced number of Fluoro- Jade-positive cells and levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and increased adenosine monophosphate -activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its upstream kinase liver kinase B1 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. These effects were blocked in AMPK inhibitor-pretreated TBI rats. CONCLUSIONS Our epidemiological data showed that a decreased risk of depression was associated with statin pretreatment, which was supported by an animal study. The underlying mechanism for this appears to involve AMPK activation in the statin pretreatment-induced alleviation of TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Chen Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hua Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Information Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Chio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wu Gean
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Rung Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frank D, Gruenbaum BF, Shelef I, Zvenigorodsky V, Severynovska O, Fleidervish I, Knyazer B, Frenkel A, Zlotnik A, Kofman O, Boyko M. Blood glutamate scavenging as a novel glutamate-based therapeutic approach for post-traumatic brain injury anxiety and social impairment. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:41. [PMID: 36739271 PMCID: PMC9899234 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious condition that is associated with an increased risk of severe, long-term psychiatric consequences. Drugs that target the glutamatergic system have proven successful in treating both TBI and many of its psychiatric sequelae. Blood glutamate scavengers (BGS) cause a decrease in blood glutamate levels, leading to a reduction in glutamate's concentration gradient from the brain to the blood and decreased levels of brain glutamate. This study evaluated the BGS pyruvate as a treatment for TBI-related neuropsychiatric conditions in a rat model. 213 rats were divided into four groups in a 2 × 2 design: Sham or TBI rats treated with pyruvate or control treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging, neurological status, brain glutamate and blood glutamate levels were assessed following the injury. Four weeks after the start of treatment, all rats underwent behavioral tests to assess anxious behavior and social impairment (aggressive and hierarchical behavior). Rats responded positively to pyruvate in several tasks, lowering brain glutamate levels and reducing anxiety and depression, as well as modulating TBI-related changes in social behavior. Glutamate scavenging with pyruvate may be an effective therapeutic option for post-TBI behavioral changes by reducing associated elevations in brain glutamate levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Frank
- grid.412686.f0000 0004 0470 8989Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Benjamin F. Gruenbaum
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL USA
| | - Ilan Shelef
- grid.412686.f0000 0004 0470 8989Department of Radiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Vladislav Zvenigorodsky
- grid.412686.f0000 0004 0470 8989Department of Radiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Olena Severynovska
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of the Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Oles Gonchar of the Dnipro National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Ilya Fleidervish
- grid.7489.20000 0004 1937 0511Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben–Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105 Israel
| | - Boris Knyazer
- grid.7489.20000 0004 1937 0511Department of Ophthalmology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Amit Frenkel
- grid.412686.f0000 0004 0470 8989Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- grid.412686.f0000 0004 0470 8989Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ora Kofman
- grid.7489.20000 0004 1937 0511Psychology Department, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105 Israel
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Wernersbach I, Strehle J, Li S, Appel D, Klein M, Ritter K, Hummel R, Tegeder I, Schäfer MKE. Early posttraumatic CSF1R inhibition via PLX3397 leads to time- and sex-dependent effects on inflammation and neuronal maintenance after traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 106:49-66. [PMID: 35933030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for early therapeutic interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI) to prevent neurodegeneration. Microglia/macrophage (M/M) depletion and repopulation after treatment with colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitors reduces neurodegeneration. The present study investigates short- and long-term consequences after CSF1R inhibition during the early phase after TBI. METHODS Sex-matched mice were subjected to TBI and CSF1R inhibition by PLX3397 for 5 days and sacrificed at 5 or 30 days post injury (dpi). Neurological deficits were monitored and brain tissues were examined for histo- and molecular pathological markers. RNAseq was performed with 30 dpi TBI samples. RESULTS At 5 dpi, CSF1R inhibition attenuated the TBI-induced perilesional M/M increase and associated gene expressions by up to 50%. M/M attenuation did not affect structural brain damage at this time-point, impaired hematoma clearance, and had no effect on IL-1β expression. At 30 dpi, following drug discontinuation at 5 dpi and M/M repopulation, CSF1R inhibition attenuated brain tissue loss regardless of sex, as well as hippocampal atrophy and thalamic neuronal loss in male mice. Selected gene markers of brain inflammation and apoptosis were reduced in males but increased in females after early CSF1R inhibition as compared to corresponding TBI vehicle groups. Neurological outcome in behaving mice was almost not affected. RNAseq and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of injured brains at 30 dpi revealed more genes associated with dendritic spines and synapse function after early CSF1R inhibition as compared to vehicle, suggesting improved neuronal maintenance and recovery. In TBI vehicle mice, GSEA showed high oxidative phosphorylation, oxidoreductase activity and ribosomal biogenesis suggesting oxidative stress and increased abundance of metabolically highly active cells. More genes associated with immune processes and phagocytosis in PLX3397 treated females vs males, suggesting sex-specific differences in response to early CSF1R inhibition after TBI. CONCLUSIONS M/M attenuation after CSF1R inhibition via PLX3397 during the early phase of TBI reduces long-term brain tissue loss, improves neuronal maintenance and fosters synapse recovery. Overall effects were not sex-specific but there is evidence that male mice benefit more than female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Isa Wernersbach
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jenny Strehle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shuailong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Appel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Ritter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Regina Hummel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN) of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gruenbaum BF, Zlotnik A, Fleidervish I, Frenkel A, Boyko M. Glutamate Neurotoxicity and Destruction of the Blood–Brain Barrier: Key Pathways for the Development of Neuropsychiatric Consequences of TBI and Their Potential Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179628. [PMID: 36077024 PMCID: PMC9456007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with significant cognitive and psychiatric conditions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can persist for years following brain injury, causing major disruptions in patients’ lives. In this review, we examine the role of glutamate as an aftereffect of TBI that contributes to the development of neuropsychiatric conditions. We hypothesize that TBI causes long-term blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction lasting many years and even decades. We propose that dysfunction in the BBB is the central factor that modulates increased glutamate after TBI and ultimately leads to neurodegenerative processes and subsequent manifestation of neuropsychiatric conditions. Here, we have identified factors that determine the upper and lower levels of glutamate concentration in the brain after TBI. Furthermore, we consider treatments of disruptions to BBB integrity, including repairing the BBB and controlling excess glutamate, as potential therapeutic modalities for the treatment of acute and chronic neuropsychiatric conditions and symptoms. By specifically focusing on the BBB, we hypothesize that restoring BBB integrity will alleviate neurotoxicity and related neurological sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ilya Fleidervish
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Amit Frenkel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Soriano S, Curry K, Wang Q, Chow E, Treangen TJ, Villapol S. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Derived from Alzheimer's Disease Mice Worsens Brain Trauma Outcomes in Wild-Type Controls. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4476. [PMID: 35562867 PMCID: PMC9103830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, both of which increase the risk and accelerate the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The gut microbiome is an essential modulator of the immune system, impacting the brain. AD has been related with reduced diversity and alterations in the community composition of the gut microbiota. This study aimed to determine whether the gut microbiota from AD mice exacerbates neurological deficits after TBI in control mice. We prepared fecal microbiota transplants from 18 to 24 month old 3×Tg-AD (FMT-AD) and from healthy control (FMT-young) mice. FMTs were administered orally to young control C57BL/6 (wild-type, WT) mice after they underwent controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury, as a model of TBI. Then, we characterized the microbiota composition of the fecal samples by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. We collected the blood, brain, and gut tissues for protein and immunohistochemical analysis. Our results showed that FMT-AD administration stimulates a higher relative abundance of the genus Muribaculum and a decrease in Lactobacillus johnsonii compared to FMT-young in WT mice. Furthermore, WT mice exhibited larger lesion, increased activated microglia/macrophages, and reduced motor recovery after FMT-AD compared to FMT-young one day after TBI. In summary, we observed gut microbiota from AD mice to have a detrimental effect and aggravate the neuroinflammatory response and neurological outcomes after TBI in young WT mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirena Soriano
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Kristen Curry
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; (K.C.); (Q.W.); (T.J.T.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; (K.C.); (Q.W.); (T.J.T.)
| | - Elsbeth Chow
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Todd J. Treangen
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; (K.C.); (Q.W.); (T.J.T.)
| | - Sonia Villapol
- Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (S.S.); (E.C.)
- Department of Neuroscience in Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Acute Neurological Insults in the Central Nervous System. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071205. [PMID: 35406769 PMCID: PMC8997510 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an important function that mediates the degradation of intracellular proteins and organelles. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) degrades selected proteins and has a crucial role in cellular proteostasis under various physiological and pathological conditions. CMA dysfunction leads to the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS) and is involved in the pathogenic process of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Previous studies have suggested that the activation of CMA to degrade aberrant proteins can provide a neuroprotective effect in the CNS. Recent studies have shown that CMA activity is upregulated in damaged neural tissue following acute neurological insults, such as cerebral infarction, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury. It has been also suggested that various protein degradation mechanisms are important for removing toxic aberrant proteins associated with secondary damage after acute neurological insults in the CNS. Therefore, enhancing the CMA pathway may induce neuroprotective effects not only in neurogenerative diseases but also in acute neurological insults. We herein review current knowledge concerning the biological mechanisms involved in CMA and highlight the role of CMA in neurodegenerative diseases and acute neurological insults. We also discuss the possibility of developing CMA-targeted therapeutic strategies for effective treatments.
Collapse
|
11
|
Walter J, Mende J, Hutagalung S, Grutza M, Younsi A, Zheng G, Unterberg AW, Zweckberger K. Focal lesion size poorly correlates with motor function after experimental traumatic brain injury in mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265448. [PMID: 35294482 PMCID: PMC8926209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It remains unclear whether neurobehavioral testing adds significant information to histologic assessment of experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) and if automated gait assessment using the CatWalk XT®, while shown to be effective in in the acute phase, is also effective in the chronic phase after experimental TBI. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation of CatWalk XT® parameters with histologic lesion volume and analyzed their temporal and spatial patterns over four weeks after trauma induction. Methods C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI). CatWalk XT® analysis was performed one day prior to surgery and together with the histological evaluation of lesion volume on postoperative days one, three, seven, 14 and 28. Temporal and spatial profiles of gait impairment were analyzed and a total of 100 CatWalk XT® parameters were correlated to lesion size. Results While in the first week after CCI, there was significant impairment of nearly all CatWalk XT® parameters, impairment of paw prints, intensities and dynamic movement parameters resolved thereafter; however, impairment of dynamic single paw parameters persisted up to four weeks. Correlation of the CatWalk XT® parameters with lesion volume was poor at all timepoints. Conclusion As CatWalk XT® parameters do not correlate with focal lesion size after CCI, gait assessment using the CatWalk XT® might add valuable information to solitary histologic evaluation of the injury site. While all CatWalk XT® parameters can be used for gait assessments in the first week after CCI, dynamic single paw parameters might be more relevant in the chronic phase after experimental TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Walter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jannis Mende
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samuel Hutagalung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Grutza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Younsi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guoli Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Unterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Zweckberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun J, Liu J, Gao C, Zheng J, Zhang J, Ding Y, Gong W, Yang M, Li Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Gao C. Targeted delivery of PARP inhibitors to neuronal mitochondria via biomimetic engineered nanosystems in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:573-585. [PMID: 34958970 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to activate poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1), which leads to pronounced negative effects on mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) repair and function. Notably, PARP inhibitors are reported to be beneficial in experimental models of TBI. A targeting strategy for the delivery of neuronal mitochondria-specific PARP inhibitors could result in a greater neuroprotective effect and be a safer approach for TBI treatment. In the present study, we developed the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Ola) as a model drug and devised red blood cell (RBC)-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (RBCNLCs) co-modified with C3 and SS31 peptide (C3/SS31-RBCNLCs) for brain neuronal mitochondria-targeting. Our results indicated that biomimetic nanosystems have the physical and chemical properties of the NLCs, as well as the biological properties of RBC. A high concentration of Ola delivered into brain mitochondria by C3/SS31-RBCNLCs-Ola effectively improved mitochondrial function and prevented neuronal cell death caused by excessive activation of injury-induced mitochondrial PARP (mt-PARP) in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the results of this study support the preclinical feasibility of developing highly effective nano-drugs as part of precision medicine for TBI. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: TBI-induced neuronal mitochondria DNA damage activates Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP1) which leads to a pronounced negative effect on mitochondrial DNA repair and mitochondrial function. In recent years, PARP inhibitors showed strong benefits in experimental models of TBI, more importantly PARP inhibitors specially target neuronal mitochondria may play a greater neuroprotective role and may be a safer approach for TBI treatment. Herein, we designed red blood cell (RBC) membrane-coated nanostructure lipid carriers dual-modified with C3 and SS31 (C3/SS31-RBCNLCs) to accomplish these objectives. After encapsulating Olaparib (Ola) as the model PARP inhibitor, the data demonstrated that C3/SS31-RBCNLCs, with brain neuronal mitochondria targeting, can reduce neuronal cell death and improve mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by mitochondrial PARP activation in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jingzhou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chunhong Gao
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jinbang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yaning Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The lncRNA-AK046375 Upregulates Metallothionein-2 by Sequestering miR-491-5p to Relieve the Brain Oxidative Stress Burden after Traumatic Brain Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8188404. [PMID: 35222805 PMCID: PMC8865981 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8188404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered that traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces significant perturbations in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) levels in the mouse cerebral cortex, and lncRNA-AK046375 is one of the most significantly changed lncRNAs after TBI. lncRNA-AK046375 overexpression and knockdown models were successfully constructed both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured primary cortical neurons and astrocytes, lncRNA-AK046375 sequestered miR-491-5p, thereby enhancing the expression of metallothionein-2 (MT2), which ameliorated oxidative-induced cell injury. In addition, upregulated lncRNA-AK046375 promoted the recovery of motor, learning, and memory functions after TBI in C57BL/6 mice, and the underlying mechanism may be related to ameliorated apoptosis, inhibited oxidative stress, reduced brain edema, and relieved loss of tight junction proteins at the blood-brain barrier in the mouse brain. Therefore, we conclude that lncRNA-AK046375 enhances MT2 expression by sequestering miR-491-5p, ultimately strengthening antioxidant activity, which ameliorates neurological deficits post-TBI.
Collapse
|
14
|
Frank D, Gruenbaum BF, Shelef I, Zvenigorodsky V, Severynovska O, Gal R, Dubilet M, Zlotnik A, Kofman O, Boyko M. Blood Glutamate Scavenging With Pyruvate as a Novel Preventative and Therapeutic Approach for Depressive-Like Behavior Following Traumatic Brain Injury in a Rat Model. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:832478. [PMID: 35237125 PMCID: PMC8883046 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.832478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common and serious complication following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Both depression and TBI have independently been associated with pathologically elevated extracellular brain glutamate levels. In the setting of TBI, blood glutamate scavenging with pyruvate has been widely shown as an effective method to provide neuroprotection by reducing blood glutamate and subsequent brain glutamate levels. Here we evaluate pyruvate as a novel approach in the treatment and prevention of post-TBI depression-like behavior in a rat model. Rats were divided into five groups: (1) sham-operated control with pyruvate, (2) sham-operated control with placebo, (3) post-TBI with placebo, (4) post-TBI given preventative pyruvate, and (5) post-TBI treated with pyruvate. These groups had an equal number of females and males. Rats were assessed for depressive-like behavior, neurological status, and glutamate levels in the blood and brain. Post-TBI neurological deficits with concurrent elevations in glutamate levels were demonstrated, with peak glutamate levels 24 h after TBI. Following TBI, the administration of either prophylactic or therapeutic pyruvate led to reduced glutamate levels, improved neurologic recovery, and improved depressive-like behavior. Glutamate scavenging with pyruvate may be an effective prophylactic and therapeutic option for post-TBI depression by reducing associated elevations in brain glutamate levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Frank
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Benjamin F. Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Department of Radiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Vladislav Zvenigorodsky
- Department of Radiology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Olena Severynovska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Ecology and Medicine, Dnepropetrovsk State University, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine
| | - Ron Gal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Dubilet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Ora Kofman
- Department of Psychology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- *Correspondence: Matthew Boyko,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang W, Guo ZD, Chai WN, Du DL, Yang XM, Cao L, Chen H, Zhou C, Cheng CJ, Sun XC, Huang ZJ, Zhong JJ. Downregulation of miR-491-5p promotes neovascularization after traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:577-586. [PMID: 34380897 PMCID: PMC8504397 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-491-5p (miR-491-5p) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and migration; however, the effect of miR-491-5p on neovascularization after traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood. In this study, a controlled cortical injury model in C57BL/6 mice and an oxygen-glucose deprivation model in microvascular endothelial cells derived from mouse brain were established to simulate traumatic brain injury in vivo and in vitro, respectively. In the in vivo model, quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of miR-491-5p increased or decreased following the intracerebroventricular injection of an miR-491-5p agomir or antagomir, respectively, and the expression of miR-491-5p decreased slightly after traumatic brain injury. To detect the neuroprotective effects of miR-491-p, neurological severity scores, Morris water maze test, laser speckle techniques, and immunofluorescence staining were assessed, and the results revealed that miR-491-5p downregulation alleviated neurological dysfunction, promoted the recovery of regional cerebral blood flow, increased the number of lectin-stained microvessels, and increased the survival of neurons after traumatic brain injury. During the in vitro experiments, the potential mechanism of miR-491-5p on neovascularization was explored through quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, which showed that miR-491-5p expression increased or decreased in brain microvascular endothelial cells after transfection with an miR-491-5p mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter and western blot assays verified that metallothionein-2 was a target gene for miR-491-5p. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and 2?,7?-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay results confirmed that the downregulation of miR-491-5p increased brain microvascular endothelial cell viability, reduced cell apoptosis, and alleviated oxidative stress under oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions. Cell scratch assay, Transwell assay, tube formation assay, and western blot assay results demonstrated that miR-491-5p downregulation promoted the migration, proliferation, and tube formation of brain microvascular endothelial cells through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. These findings confirmed that miR-491-5p downregulation promotes neovascularization, restores cerebral blood flow, and improves the recovery of neurological function after traumatic brain injury. The mechanism may be mediated through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway and the alleviation of oxidative stress. All procedures were approved by Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval No. 2020-304) on June 22, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zong-Duo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Na Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Lin Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lang Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong-Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dilimulati D, Zhang L, Duan Y, Jia F. Effects of Injury Severity and Brain Temperature on KAT6A Expression after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. BIO INTEGRATION 2022. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a range of neural changes. A comprehensive understanding of the injury-induced lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A) response, particularly the temporal profile of biochemical alterations, is crucial to design effective therapeutic interventions.Methods: Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The influence of post-traumatic hypothermia (32°C) or hyperthermia (39°C) on the temporal and regional expression profiles of KAT6A was assessed after moderate or severe TBI. qPCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression of KAT6A in different groups.Results: In the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, significantly lower protein and mRNA expression of KAT6A was found after TBI than sham injury. Moreover, two expression minima of KAT6A were observed in the cortex and hippocampus of the ipsilateral hemisphere. A decrease in injury severity was associated with lower levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but KAT6A mRNA at 48 h and protein at 72 h had alterations. Compared with normothermia and hyperthermia, post-traumatic hypothermia intensified the decrease in KAT6A at both the mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, hyperthermia, as compared with normothermia, did not significantly affect the levels of KAT6A mRNA at 12 h and protein at 24 h, but triggered a significant increase in levels of KAT6A mRNA at 24 h and protein at 72 h. Furthermore, an overall upregulation of KAT6A after TBI was associated with greater injury severity in a time-dependent manner.Conclusions: Post-traumatic hypothermia plays a key role in the regulation of KAT6A expression and thus may at least partially explain the phenotype of post-traumatic temperature in secondary injury after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilirebati Dilimulati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Apostol CR, Bernard K, Tanguturi P, Molnar G, Bartlett MJ, Szabò L, Liu C, Ortiz JB, Saber M, Giordano KR, Green TRF, Melvin J, Morrison HW, Madhavan L, Rowe RK, Streicher JM, Heien ML, Falk T, Polt R. Design and Synthesis of Brain Penetrant Glycopeptide Analogues of PACAP With Neuroprotective Potential for Traumatic Brain Injury and Parkinsonism. FRONTIERS IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 1. [PMID: 35237767 PMCID: PMC8887546 DOI: 10.3389/fddsv.2021.818003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an unmet clinical need for curative therapies to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Most mainstay treatments currently on the market only alleviate specific symptoms and do not reverse disease progression. The Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), an endogenous neuropeptide hormone, has been extensively studied as a potential regenerative therapeutic. PACAP is widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS) and exerts its neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects via the related Class B GPCRs PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2, at which the hormone shows roughly equal activity. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) also activates these receptors, and this close analogue of PACAP has also shown to promote neuronal survival in various animal models of acute and progressive neurodegenerative diseases. However, PACAP's poor pharmacokinetic profile (non-linear PK/PD), and more importantly its limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability has hampered development of this peptide as a therapeutic. We have demonstrated that glycosylation of PACAP and related peptides promotes penetration of the BBB and improves PK properties while retaining efficacy and potency in the low nanomolar range at its target receptors. Furthermore, judicious structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed key motifs that can be modulated to afford compounds with diverse selectivity profiles. Most importantly, we have demonstrated that select PACAP glycopeptide analogues (2LS80Mel and 2LS98Lac) exert potent neuroprotective effects and anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of traumatic brain injury and in a mild-toxin lesion model of Parkinson's disease, highlighting glycosylation as a viable strategy for converting endogenous peptides into robust and efficacious drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Apostol
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Kelsey Bernard
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Gabriella Molnar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Mitchell J Bartlett
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lajos Szabò
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - J Bryce Ortiz
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Phoenix Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Maha Saber
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Katherine R Giordano
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Phoenix Veteran Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Tabitha R F Green
- Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - James Melvin
- Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Helena W Morrison
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rachel K Rowe
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Michael L Heien
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Torsten Falk
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Robin Polt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, BIO5, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Svedung Wettervik T, Fahlström M, Enblad P, Lewén A. Cerebral Pressure Autoregulation in Brain Injury and Disorders-A Review on Monitoring, Management, and Future Directions. World Neurosurg 2021; 158:118-131. [PMID: 34775084 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The role of cerebral pressure autoregulation (CPA) in brain injury and disorders has gained increased interest. The CPA is often disturbed as a consequence of acute brain injury, which contributes to further brain damage and worse outcome. Specifically, in severe traumatic brain injury, CPA disturbances predict worse clinical outcome and targeting an autoregulatory-oriented optimal cerebral perfusion pressure threshold may improve brain energy metabolism and clinical outcome. In aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm in combination with distal autoregulatory disturbances precipitate delayed cerebral ischemia. The role of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure targets is less clear in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, but high cerebral perfusion pressure targets are generally favorable in the vasospasm phase. In acute ischemia, autoregulatory disturbances may occur and autoregulatory-oriented blood pressure (optimal mean arterial pressure) management reduces the risk of hemorrhagic transformation, brain edema, and unfavorable outcome. In chronic occlusive disease such as moyamoya, the gradual reduction of the cerebral circulation leads to compensatory distal vasodilation and the residual CPA capacity predicts the risk for cerebral ischemia. In spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, the role of autoregulatory disturbances is less clear, but CPA disturbances correlate with worse clinical outcome. Also, in community-acquired bacterial meningitis, CPA dysfunction is frequent and correlates with worse clinical outcome, but autoregulatory management is yet to be evaluated. In this review, we discuss the role of CPA in different types of brain injury and disease, the strengths and limitations of the monitoring methods, the potentials of autoregulatory management, and future directions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Fahlström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Enblad
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Lewén
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shi M, Chen F, Chen Z, Yang W, Yue S, Zhang J, Chen X. Sigma-1 Receptor: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:685201. [PMID: 34658788 PMCID: PMC8515188 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.685201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is a chaperone receptor that primarily resides at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM) and acts as a dynamic pluripotent modulator regulating cellular pathophysiological processes. Multiple pharmacological studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of Sig-1R activation on cellular calcium homeostasis, excitotoxicity modulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, and the structural and functional stability of the ER, mitochondria, and MAM. The Sig-1R is expressed broadly in cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and has been reported to be involved in various neurological disorders. Traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced secondary injury involves complex and interrelated pathophysiological processes such as cellular apoptosis, glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, given the pluripotent modulation of the Sig-1R in diverse neurological disorders, we hypothesized that the Sig-1R may affect a series of pathophysiology after TBI. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the Sig-1R, its mechanistic role in various pathophysiological processes of multiple CNS diseases, and its potential therapeutic role in TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyuan Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li J, Pan Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhou H, Huang X, Liao S. Discoveries of the specific expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in hippocampus of rats after traumatic brain injury. IBRAIN 2021; 7:95-107. [PMID: 37786908 PMCID: PMC10528755 DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2021.tb00071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Objects Explore the relationship between the neural function deficit and the changes of lncRNA and mRNA in hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Methods Twenty male rats weighted 200-240 grams were randomly divided into sham group and TBI group. Neurologic severity score (NSS) was performed after operation, and the hippocampus of rats was collected for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), mRNAs microarray detection, real-time quantitative PCR Detecting System (Q-PCR), western blot (WB) detection, and serum biochemical detection. Results The NSS score of the TBI group was significantly higher than the sham group. Compared with the sham group, 270 lncRNAs changed in the TBI group, of which 224 were up-regulated and 46 were down-regulated. Among up-regulated lncRNAs, mRNAs were distributed in upstream of 22 lncRNAs, downstream of 17 lncRNAs, overlapping regions of 48 lncRNAs, and antisense chains of 21 lncRNAs. Among down-regulated lncRNAs, mRNAs were distributed in upstream of 6 lncRNAs, downstream of 3 lncRNAs, overlapping regions of 10 lncRNAs, and antisense chains of 8 lncRNAs. Compared with the sham group, 1054 mRNA changed in the TBI group, of which 921 mRNA were up-regulated and 133 mRNA were down-regulated. The expression changes of ENSRNOT000063054, ENSRNOT000052790, ENSRNOT00000054410, ENSRNOT000063242, and ENSRNOT000069411 IncRNA regulate the expression of Top2a, RT1-CE11, Papss2, Stk32a, and Grid2 gene. Conclusion The present study detected the differential expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in hippocampi of rats subjected to TBI, and discussed their relation, primarily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yuan‐Tao Pan
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Jun‐Jie Chen
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Yi Wang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Hong‐Su Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xue‐Yan Huang
- Department of neurologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Shi‐Xia Liao
- Department of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Üçal M, Maurer C, Etschmaier V, Hamberger D, Grünbacher G, Tögl L, Roosen MJ, Molcanyi M, Vorholt D, Hatay FF, Hescheler J, Pallasch C, Schäfer U, Patz S. Inflammatory Pre-Conditioning of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells with Cerebrospinal Fluid from Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Alters the Immunomodulatory Potential of ADSC Secretomes. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2311-2322. [PMID: 33514282 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulation by adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is of special interest for the alleviation of damaging inflammatory responses in central nervous system injuries. The present study explored the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients on this immunomodulatory potential of ADSCs. CSF conditioning of ADSCs increased messenger RNA levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes compared to controls. Exposure of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-differentiated THP1 macrophages to the secretome of CSF-conditioned ADSCs downregulated both proinflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha) and anti-inflammatory (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and transforming growth factor beta) genes in these cells. Interleukin-10 expression was elevated in both naïve and conditioned secretomes. ADSC secretome treatment, further, induced macrophage maturation of THP1 cells and increased the percentage of CD11b+, CD14+, CD86+, and, to a lesser extent, CD206+ cells. This, moreover, enhanced the phagocytic activity of CD14+ and CD86+ cells, though independently of pre-conditioning. Secretome exposure, finally, also induced a reduction in the percentage of CD192+ adherent cells in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from both healthy subjects and TBI patients. This limited efficacy (of both naïve and pre-conditioned secretomes) suggests that the effects of lymphocyte-monocyte paracrine signaling on the fate of cultured PBMCs are strongest upon adherent cell populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muammer Üçal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christa Maurer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division for Medical Cell Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Hamberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,National Centre for Tumour Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerda Grünbacher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lennart Tögl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marvin J Roosen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marek Molcanyi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniela Vorholt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, CECAD Centre of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - F Fulya Hatay
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Pallasch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, CECAD Centre of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute Schäfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silke Patz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shen S, Zhang M, Ma M, Rasam S, Poulsen D, Qu J. Potential Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Methamphetamine Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury Defined by Large-Scale IonStar-Based Quantitative Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2246. [PMID: 33668155 PMCID: PMC7956755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes hospitalizations and mortality worldwide, there are no approved neuroprotective treatments, partly due to a poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TBI neuropathology and neuroprotection. We previously reported that the administration of low-dose methamphetamine (MA) induced significant functional/cognitive improvements following severe TBI in rats. We further demonstrated that MA mediates neuroprotection in part, via dopamine-dependent activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Here, we further investigated the proteomic changes within the rat cortex and hippocampus following mild TBI (TM), severe TBI (TS), or severe TBI plus MA treatment (TSm) compared to sham operated controls. We identified 402 and 801 altered proteins (APs) with high confidence in cortical and hippocampal tissues, respectively. The overall profile of APs observed in TSm rats more closely resembled those seen in TM rather than TS rats. Pathway analysis suggested beneficial roles for acute signaling through IL-6, TGFβ, and IL-1β. Moreover, changes in fibrinogen levels observed in TSm rats suggested a potential role for these proteins in reducing/preventing TBI-induced coagulopathies. These data facilitate further investigations to identify specific pathways and proteins that may serve as key targets for the development of neuroprotective therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Min Ma
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (M.M.); (S.R.)
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Sailee Rasam
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (M.M.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - David Poulsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (M.M.); (S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Svedung Wettervik TM, Lewén A, Enblad P. Fine Tuning of Traumatic Brain Injury Management in Neurointensive Care-Indicative Observations and Future Perspectives. Front Neurol 2021; 12:638132. [PMID: 33716941 PMCID: PMC7943830 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.638132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurointensive care (NIC) has contributed to great improvements in clinical outcomes for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) by preventing, detecting, and treating secondary insults and thereby reducing secondary brain injury. Traditional NIC management has mainly focused on generally applicable escalated treatment protocols to avoid high intracranial pressure (ICP) and to keep the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) at sufficiently high levels. However, TBI is a very heterogeneous disease regarding the type of injury, age, comorbidity, secondary injury mechanisms, etc. In recent years, the introduction of multimodality monitoring, including, e.g., pressure autoregulation, brain tissue oxygenation, and cerebral energy metabolism, in addition to ICP and CPP, has increased the understanding of the complex pathophysiology and the physiological effects of treatments in this condition. In this article, we will present some potential future approaches for more individualized patient management and fine-tuning of NIC, taking advantage of multimodal monitoring to further improve outcome after severe TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anders Lewén
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Enblad
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim JE, Patel K, Jackson CM. The potential for immune checkpoint modulators in cerebrovascular injury and inflammation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:101-113. [PMID: 33356658 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1869213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Neuroinflammation has been linked to poor neurologic and functional outcomes in many cerebrovascular disorders. Immune checkpoints are upregulated in the setting of traumatic brain injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, central nervous systems vasculitis, and post-hemorrhagic vasospasm, and are potential mediators of pathologic inflammation. Burgeoning evidence suggests that immune checkpoint modulation is a promising treatment strategy to decrease immune cell recruitment, cytokine secretion, brain edema, and neurodegeneration.Areas covered: This review discusses the role of immune checkpoints in neuroinflammation, and the potential for therapeutic immune checkpoint modulation in inflammatory cerebrovascular disorders. A search of Pubmed and clinicaltrials.gov was performed to find relevant literature published within the last 50 years.Expert opinion: The clinical success of immune-activating checkpoint modulators in human cancers has shown the immense clinical potential of checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Given that checkpoint blockade can also precipitate a pathologic pro-inflammatory or autoimmune response, it is plausible that these pathways may also be targeted to quell aberrant inflammation. A limited but growing number of studies suggest that immune checkpoints play a critical role in regulating the immune response in the central nervous system in a variety of contexts, and that immune-deactivating checkpoint modulators may be a promising treatment strategy for acute and chronic neuroinflammation in cerebrovascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kisha Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kövesdi E, Szabó-Meleg E, Abrahám IM. The Role of Estradiol in Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanism and Treatment Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010011. [PMID: 33374952 PMCID: PMC7792596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients surviving traumatic brain injury (TBI) face numerous neurological and neuropsychological problems significantly affecting their quality of life. Extensive studies over the past decades have investigated pharmacological treatment options in different animal models, targeting various pathological consequences of TBI. Sex and gender are known to influence the outcome of TBI in animal models and in patients, respectively. Apart from its well-known effects on reproduction, 17β-estradiol (E2) has a neuroprotective role in brain injury. Hence, in this review, we focus on the effect of E2 in TBI in humans and animals. First, we discuss the clinical classification and pathomechanism of TBI, the research in animal models, and the neuroprotective role of E2. Based on the results of animal studies and clinical trials, we discuss possible E2 targets from early to late events in the pathomechanism of TBI, including neuroinflammation and possible disturbances of the endocrine system. Finally, the potential relevance of selective estrogenic compounds in the treatment of TBI will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Kövesdi
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Center for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary;
| | - Edina Szabó-Meleg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary;
| | - István M. Abrahám
- Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Center for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-72-536-243 or +36-72-536-424
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
He J, Huang Y, Liu H, Sun X, Wu J, Zhang Z, Liu L, Zhou C, Jiang S, Huang Z, Zhong J, Guo Z, Jiang L, Cheng C. Bexarotene promotes microglia/macrophages - Specific brain - Derived Neurotrophic factor expression and axon sprouting after traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113462. [PMID: 32916173 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been regarded as one of the leading cause of injury-related death and disability. White matter injury after TBI is characterized by axon damage and demyelination, resulting in neural network impairment and neurological deficit. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can promote white matter repair. The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has been reported to promote microglia/macrophages towards anti-inflammatory state and therefore to promote axon regeneration. Bexarotene, an agonist of retinoid X receptor (RXR), can activate RXR/PPARγ heterodimers. The aim of the present study was to identify the effect of bexarotene on BDNF in microglia/macrophages and axon sprouting after TBI in mice. Bexarotene was administered intraperitoneally in C57BL/6 mice undergoing controlled cortical impact (CCI). PPARγ dependency was determined by intraperitoneal administration of a PPARγ antagonist T0070907. We found that bexarotene promoted axon regeneration indicated by increased growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) expression, myelin basic protein (MBP) expression, and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA)+ axon sprouting. Bexarotene also increased microglia/macrophages-specific brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression after TBI. In addition, bexarotene reduced the number of pro-inflammatory microglia/macrophages while increased the number of anti-inflammatory microglia/macrophages after TBI. Moreover, bexaortene inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. In addition, bexarotene treatment improved neurological scores and cognitive function of CCI-injured mice. These effects of bexarotene were partially abolished by T0070907. In conclusion, bexarotene promotes axon sprouting, increases microglia/macrophages-specific BDNF expression, and induces microglia/macrophages from a pro-inflammatory state towards an anti-inflammatory one after TBI at least partially in a PPARγ-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junchi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yike Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Medical Center (Daping Hospital), Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingchuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaosi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaoqiu Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongduo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chongjie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen L, Song Q, Chen Y, Meng S, Zheng M, Huang J, Zhang Q, Jiang J, Feng J, Chen H, Jiang G, Gao X. Tailored Reconstituted Lipoprotein for Site-Specific and Mitochondria-Targeted Cyclosporine A Delivery to Treat Traumatic Brain Injury. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6636-6648. [PMID: 32464051 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The secondary damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to lifelong disabilities, bringing enormous economic and psychological burden to patients and their families. Mitochondria, as the core mediator of the secondary injury cascade reaction in TBI, is an important target to prevent the spread of cell death and dysfunction. Thus, therapeutics that can accumulate at the damaged sites and subsequently rescue the functions of mitochondria would largely improve the outcome of TBI. Cyclosporine A (CsA), which can maintain the integrity of mitochondrial function, is among the most promising neuroprotective therapeutics for TBI treatment. However, the clinical application of CsA in TBI is largely hindered because of its poor access to the targets. Here, to realize targeted intracellular CsA delivery, we designed a lipoprotein biomimetic nanocarrier by incorporating CsA in the core and decorating a matrix metalloproteinase-9 activatable cell-penetrating peptide onto the surface of the lipoprotein-mimic nanocarrier. This CsA-loaded tailored reconstituted lipoprotein efficiently accumulated at the damaged brain sites, entered the target cells, bound to the membrane of mitochondria, more efficiently reduced neuronal damage, alleviated neuroinflammation, and rescued memory deficits at the dose 1/16 of free CsA in a controlled cortical impact injury mice model. The findings provide strong evidence that the secondary damages in TBI can be well controlled through targeted CsA delivery and highlight the potential of a lipoprotein biomimetic nanocarrier as a flexible nanoplatform for the management of TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lepei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuang Meng
- Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mengna Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jialin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiyao Jiang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Junfeng Feng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chiu LS, Anderton RS, Clark VW, Cross JL, Knuckey NW, Meloni BP. Effect of Polyarginine Peptide R18D Following a Traumatic Brain Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2020; 92:100584. [PMID: 32322314 PMCID: PMC7163064 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) have previously demonstrated neuroprotective efficacy in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The CARP R18D significantly reduced the extent of axonal injury at a high dose of 1000 nmol/kg. Both high (1000 nmol/kg) and low (100 nmol/kg) doses only showed a trend in functional improvement.
Background Despite extensive studies, there are still no clinically available neuroprotective treatments for traumatic brain injury. Objectives In previous studies we demonstrated beneficial treatment effects of polyarginine peptides R18 (18-mer of arginine; 300 nmol/kg) and R18D (18-mer of D-arginine; 1000 nmol/kg) in a rat model of impact-acceleration closed-head injury. Methods We examined the efficacy of R18D when intravenously administered at a low (100 nmol/kg) and high (1000 nmol/kg) dose, 30 minutes after a closed-head injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Results At postinjury day 3, treatment with R18D at the high dose significantly reduced axonal injury (P = 0.044), whereas the low-dose treatment of R18D showed a trend for reduced axonal injury. Following assessment in the Barnes maze, both doses of R18D treatment appeared to improve learning and memory recovery compared with vehicle treatment at postinjury days 1 and 3, albeit not to a statistically significant level. Rotarod assessment of vestibulomotor recovery did not differ between R18D and the vehicle treatment groups. Conclusions R18D modestly decreased axonal injury only at the highest dose used but had no significant effect on functional recovery. These findings warrant further studies with additional doses to better understand peptide pharmacodynamics and provide information to guide optimal dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Shan Chiu
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Address correspondence to: Li Shan Chiu, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, 8 Verdun St, RR Block, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia.
| | - Ryan S. Anderton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Heath Sciences, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vince W. Clark
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jane L. Cross
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Neville W. Knuckey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruno P. Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
James ML, Komisarow JM, Wang H, Laskowitz DT. Therapeutic Development of Apolipoprotein E Mimetics for Acute Brain Injury: Augmenting Endogenous Responses to Reduce Secondary Injury. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:475-483. [PMID: 32318912 PMCID: PMC7283431 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, increasing evidence demonstrates that the neuroinflammatory response is a double-edged sword. Although overly robust inflammatory responses may exacerbate secondary tissue injury, inflammatory processes are ultimately necessary for recovery. Traditional drug discovery often relies on reductionist approaches to isolate and modulate specific intracellular pathways believed to be involved in disease pathology. However, endogenous brain proteins are often pleiotropic in order to regulate neuroinflammation and recovery mechanisms. Thus, a process of "backward translation" aims to harness the adaptive properties of endogenous proteins to promote earlier and greater recovery after acute brain injury. One such endogenous protein is apolipoprotein E (apoE), the primary apolipoprotein produced in the brain. Robust preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrates that endogenous apoE produced within the brain modulates the neuroinflammatory response of the acutely injured brain. Thus, one innovative approach to improve outcomes following acute brain injury is administration of exogenous apoE-mimetic drugs optimized to cross the blood-brain barrier. In particular, one promising apoE mimetic peptide, CN-105, has demonstrated efficacy across a wide variety of preclinical models of brain injury and safety and feasibility in early-phase clinical trials. Preclinical and clinical evidence for apoE's neuroprotective effects and downregulation of neuroinflammatory and the resulting translational therapeutic development strategy for an apoE-based therapeutic are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L James
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jordan M Komisarow
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Haichen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daniel T Laskowitz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sharma S, Ifergan I, Kurz JE, Linsenmeier RA, Xu D, Cooper JG, Miller SD, Kessler JA. Intravenous Immunomodulatory Nanoparticle Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:442-455. [PMID: 31925846 PMCID: PMC7296512 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are currently no definitive disease-modifying therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we present a strong therapeutic candidate for TBI, immunomodulatory nanoparticles (IMPs), which ablate a specific subset of hematogenous monocytes (hMos). We hypothesized that prevention of infiltration of these cells into brain acutely after TBI would attenuate secondary damage and preserve anatomic and neurologic function. METHODS IMPs, composed of US Food and Drug Administration-approved 500nm carboxylated-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid, were infused intravenously into wild-type C57BL/6 mice following 2 different models of experimental TBI, controlled cortical impact (CCI), and closed head injury (CHI). RESULTS IMP administration resulted in remarkable preservation of both tissue and neurological function in both CCI and CHI TBI models in mice. After acute treatment, there was a reduction in the number of immune cells infiltrating into the brain, mitigation of the inflammatory status of the infiltrating cells, improved electrophysiologic visual function, improved long-term motor behavior, reduced edema formation as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, and reduced lesion volumes on anatomic examination. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that IMPs are a clinically translatable acute intervention for TBI with a well-defined mechanism of action and beneficial anatomic and physiologic preservation and recovery. Ann Neurol 2020;87:442-455.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sripadh Sharma
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Igal Ifergan
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Jonathan E Kurz
- Davee Pediatric Neurocritical Care Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Robert A Linsenmeier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - John G Cooper
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| | - John A Kessler
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li H, Zhang C, Yang C, Blevins M, Norris D, Zhao R, Huang M. C-terminal binding proteins 1 and 2 in traumatic brain injury-induced inflammation and their inhibition as an approach for anti-inflammatory treatment. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1107-1120. [PMID: 32174788 PMCID: PMC7053329 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.42109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces an acute inflammatory response in the central nervous system that involves both resident and peripheral immune cells. The ensuing chronic neuroinflammation causes cell death and tissue damage and may contribute to neurodegeneration. The molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of this chronic inflammation state remain underexplored. C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) 1 and 2 are transcriptional coregulators that repress diverse cellular processes. Unexpectedly, we find that the CtBPs can transactivate a common set of proinflammatory genes both in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia, astrocytes and macrophages, and in a mouse model of the mild form of TBI. We also find that the expression of these genes is markedly enhanced by a single mild injury in both brain and peripheral blood leukocytes in a severity- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, we were able to demonstrate that specific inhibitors of the CtBPs effectively suppress the expression of the CtBP target genes and thus improve neurological outcome in mice receiving single and repeated mild TBIs. This discovery suggests new avenues for therapeutic modulation of the inflammatory response to brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Caiguo Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Melanie Blevins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - David Norris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Mingxia Huang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
He H, Shi X, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Q, Yu D, Ge B, Zhang X, Huang F. Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Aggregation of Nanozymes for Neuron Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:209-216. [PMID: 31840496 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes show excellent enzyme activity and robust catalytic properties, but the targeting capability to disease organs is limited because of lack of specificity. Herein, we developed an ultrasmall (∼3 nm) organic nanozyme that can gradually aggregate under a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-rich environment via a spontaneous reaction, namely, ROS-induced aggregation. The size of nanozymes is 75 and 100 times higher than the original size under •OH and H2O2 environments without losing enzyme activity. In vitro experiments confirm that nanozymes prefer to aggregate in mitochondria under ROS-rich conditions. Importantly, the nanozymes show in situ ROS-induced aggregation in the brain, ∼9 times higher uptake than ordinary nanozymes, indicating their potential for treating ROS-related diseases in the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Xinjian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Junying Wang
- Department of Physics, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Physics, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and College of Chemical Engineering , China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Miller HA, Magsam AW, Tarudji AW, Romanova S, Weber L, Gee CC, Madsen GL, Bronich TK, Kievit FM. Evaluating differential nanoparticle accumulation and retention kinetics in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via K trans mapping with MRI. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16099. [PMID: 31695100 PMCID: PMC6834577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of injury-related death worldwide, yet there are no approved neuroprotective therapies that improve neurological outcome post-injury. Transient opening of the blood-brain barrier following injury provides an opportunity for passive accumulation of intravenously administered nanoparticles through an enhanced permeation and retention-like effect. However, a thorough understanding of physicochemical properties that promote optimal uptake and retention kinetics in TBI is still needed. In this study, we present a robust method for magnetic resonance imaging of nanoparticle uptake and retention kinetics following intravenous injection in a controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI. Three contrast-enhancing nanoparticles with different hydrodynamic sizes and relaxivity properties were compared. Accumulation and retention were monitored by modelling the permeability coefficient, Ktrans, for each nanoparticle within the reproducible mouse model. Quantification of Ktrans for different nanoparticles allowed for non-invasive, multi-time point assessment of both accumulation and retention kinetics in the injured tissue. Using this method, we found that 80 nm poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles had maximal Ktrans in a TBI when injected 3 hours post-injury, showing significantly higher accumulation kinetics than the small molecule, Gd-DTPA. This robust method will enable optimization of administration time and nanoparticle physicochemical properties to achieve maximum delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter A Miller
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, 200 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Alexander W Magsam
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, 200 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Aria W Tarudji
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, 200 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Svetlana Romanova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center I, Room 1036, Omaha, NE, 68189, USA
| | - Laura Weber
- ProTransit Nanotherapy, 16514L St., Omaha, NE, 68135, USA
| | - Connor C Gee
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, 200 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Gary L Madsen
- ProTransit Nanotherapy, 16514L St., Omaha, NE, 68135, USA
| | - Tatiana K Bronich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center I, Room 1036, Omaha, NE, 68189, USA
| | - Forrest M Kievit
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, 200 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Qin D, Du W, Sha S, Parkinson A, Glasgow N. Hospital psychosocial interventions for patients with brain functional impairment: A retrospective cohort study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2019; 28:1152-1161. [PMID: 31257721 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psychosocial interventions could improve health and care outcomes, however, little is known about their use for patients with complex needs in the acute hospital care setting. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with psychosocial intervention use when treating patients with brain functional impairment during their hospital care. The all-inclusive New South Wales (NSW) Admitted Patient Data were employed to identify patients with neurodevelopment disorders, brain degenerative disorders, or traumatic brain injuries admitted to NSW public hospitals for acute care from July 2001 to June 2014. We considered receipt of psychosocial interventions as the primary outcome, and used mixed effect logistic models to quantify factors in relation to outcome. Of important note, psychosocial intervention use was more common in principal hospitals, and amongst those receiving intensive care or having comorbid mental disorders in the study populations. Approximate 70.8% of patients with traumatic brain injuries did not receive psychosocial interventions, despite attempts to target those in need and an overall increasing trend in adoption. Continuing efforts are warranted to improve service delivery and uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danling Qin
- Department of Health Services Research & Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Health Services Research & Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sha Sha
- Department of Health Services Research & Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Anne Parkinson
- Department of Health Services Research & Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicholas Glasgow
- Department of Health Services Research & Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
A Role for Nanoparticles in Treating Traumatic Brain Injury. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11090473. [PMID: 31540234 PMCID: PMC6781280 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of disability in children and young adults, as well as a significant concern for elderly individuals. Depending on the severity, TBI can have a long-term impact on the quality of life for survivors of all ages. The primary brain injury can result in severe disability or fatality, and secondary brain damage can increase the complexities in cellular, inflammatory, neurochemical, and metabolic changes in the brain, which can last decades post-injury. Thus, survival from a TBI is often accompanied by lifelong disabilities. Despite the significant morbidity, mortality, and economic loss, there are still no effective treatment options demonstrating an improved outcome in a large multi-center Phase III trial, which can be partially attributed to poor target engagement of delivered therapeutics. Thus, there is a significant unmet need to develop more effective delivery strategies to overcome the biological barriers that would otherwise inhibit transport of materials into the brain to prevent the secondary long-term damage associated with TBI. The complex pathology of TBI involving the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has limited the development of effective therapeutics and diagnostics. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop novel strategies to target the BBB. The leaky BBB caused by a TBI may provide opportunities for therapeutic delivery via nanoparticles (NP). The focus of this review is to provide a survey of NP-based strategies employed in preclinical models of TBI and to provide insights for improved NP based diagnostic or treatment approaches. Both passive and active delivery of various NPs for TBI are discussed. Finally, potential therapeutic targets where improved NP-mediated delivery could increase target engagement are identified with the overall goal of providing insight into open opportunities for NP researchers to begin research in TBI.
Collapse
|
36
|
Alves JL, Rato J, Silva V. Why Does Brain Trauma Research Fail? World Neurosurg 2019; 130:115-121. [PMID: 31284053 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health care problem and a significant social and economic issue worldwide. Considering the generalized failure in introducing effective drugs and clinical protocols, there is an urgent need for efficient treatment modalities, able to improve devastating posttraumatic morbidity and mortality. In this work, the status of brain trauma research is analyzed in all its aspects, including basic and translational science and clinical trials. Implicit and explicit challenges to different lines of research are discussed and clinical trial structures and outcomes are scrutinized, along with possible explanations for systematic therapeutic failures and their implications for future development of drug and clinical trials. Despite significant advances in basic and clinical research in recent years, no specific therapeutic protocols for TBI have been shown to be effective. New potential therapeutic targets have been identified, following a better understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying TBI, although with disappointing results. Several reasons can be pinpointed at different levels, from inaccurate animal models of disease to faulty preclinical and clinical trials, with poor design and subjective outcome measures. Distinct strategies can be delineated to overcome specific shortcomings of research studies. Identifying and contextualizing the failures that have dominated TBI research is mandatory. This review analyzes current approaches and discusses possible strategies for improving outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Luís Alves
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Joana Rato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vitor Silva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Norins LC. The Beehive Theory: Role of microorganisms in late sequelae of traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Med Hypotheses 2019; 128:1-5. [PMID: 31203899 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy are both major health problems, well-publicized for the severe delayed effects attributed to them, including cognitive decline, psychiatric disorders, seizures, impaired motor function, and personality changes. For convenience, the two afflictions are considered together under the rubric traumatic brain injury. Despite the need for neuroprotective agents, no substances have shown efficacy in clinical studies. Thus, a deeper understanding of the neuropathological mechanism of such injury is still needed. Proposed here is a theory that microorganisms from within the brain and elsewhere in the body contribute to the long-term neurological deterioration characteristic of traumatic brain injury. The label, "The Beehive Theory", is drawn from the well-known fact that disturbing a tranquil beehive with a blow can cause a swarm of angry bees to exit their dwelling place and attack nearby humans. Similarly, an impact to the head can initiate dislocations and disruptions in the microbiota present in the brain and body. First, since the normal human brain is not sterile, but is host to a variety of microorganisms, blows to the skull may dislodge them from their accustomed local environments, in which they have been living in quiet equilibrium with neighboring brain cells. Deleterious substances may be released by the displaced microbes, including metabolic products and antigens. Second, upon impact commensal microbes already resident on surfaces of the nose, mouth, and eyes, and potentially harmful organisms from the environment, may gain access to the brain through the distal ends of the olfactory and optic nerves or even a disrupted blood-brain barrier. Third, microbes dwelling in more distant parts of the body may be propelled through the walls of local blood vessels into the bloodstream, and then leak out into damaged areas of the brain that have increased blood-brain barrier permeability. Fourth, the impact may cause dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal microbiome, thereby disrupting signaling via the gut-brain axis. Possible preventatives or therapeutics that would address the adverse contributions of microbes to the late sequelae of traumatic brain injury include anti-inflammatories, antibacterials, antivirals, and probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Norins
- Alzheimer's Germ Quest, Inc., 4301 Gulfshore Blvd, Suite 1404, Naples, FL 34103, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gölz C, Kirchhoff FP, Westerhorstmann J, Schmidt M, Hirnet T, Rune GM, Bender RA, Schäfer MKE. Sex hormones modulate pathogenic processes in experimental traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem 2019; 150:173-187. [PMID: 30790293 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and animal studies have revealed sex-specific differences in histopathological and neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The impact of perioperative administration of sex steroid inhibitors on TBI is still elusive. Here, we subjected male and female C57Bl/6N mice to the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI and applied pharmacological inhibitors of steroid hormone synthesis, that is, letrozole (LET, inhibiting estradiol synthesis by aromatase) and finasteride (FIN, inhibiting dihydrotestosterone synthesis by 5α-reductase), respectively, starting 72 h prior CCI, and continuing for a further 48 h after CCI. Initial gene expression analyses showed that androgen (Ar) and estrogen receptors (Esr1) were sex-specifically altered 72 h after CCI. When examining brain lesion size, we found larger lesions in male than in female mice, but did not observe effects of FIN or LET treatment. However, LET treatment exacerbated neurological deficits 24 and 72 h after CCI. On the molecular level, FIN administration reduced calpain-dependent spectrin breakdown products, a proxy of excitotoxicity and disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis, specifically in males, whereas LET increased the reactive astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acid protein specifically in females. Examination of neurotrophins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neuronal growth factor, NT-3) and their receptors (p75NTR , TrkA, TrkB, TrkC) revealed CCI-induced down-regulation of TrkB and TrkC protein expression, which was reduced by LET in both sexes. Interestingly, FIN decreased neuronal growth factor mRNA expression and protein levels of its receptor TrkA only in males. Taken together, our data suggest a sex-specific impact on pathogenic processes in the injured brain after TBI. Sex hormones may thus modulate pathogenic processes in experimental TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gölz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Paul Kirchhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Hirnet
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gabriele M Rune
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland A Bender
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.,Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Mainz, Germany.,Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Smith AC, Holden RC, Rasmussen SM, Hoane MR, Hylin MJ. Effects of nicotinamide on spatial memory and inflammation after juvenile traumatic brain injury. Behav Brain Res 2019; 364:123-132. [PMID: 30771366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Age is a consistent predictor of outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although children and adolescents have the highest rate of hospitalizations and long-term disabilities, few preclinical studies have attempted to model and treat TBI in this population. Studies using nicotinamide (NAM), a soluble B-group vitamin, in older animals (3-6 months) have shown improved functional recovery in experimental models of TBI. The purpose of this study was two-fold: to examine the preclinical efficacy of NAM at different doses on behavioral outcomes in juvenile rats and examine the microglial response over time. Groups of juvenile rats (PND 28-60) were assigned to sham, NAM (125 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, or 1000 mg/kg) or saline (1 mL/kg) and received unilateral cortical contusion injuries (CCI) and received injections at 15 min, 24 h, and 72 h after injury. Animals treated with NAM demonstrated no significant behavioral improvements over saline treatments. NAM treatments did however show slowed cortical loss and reduced microglia compared to saline treated animals. In summary, the preclinical efficacy of NAM as a treatment following CCI in juvenile animals differs from that previously documented in older rat models. While NAM treatments did reduce microglial activity and slowed progression of cortical loss, it did not reduce the total cortical volume lost nor did it improve behavioral outcomes. The findings of this study emphasize the need to examine potential treatments for TBI utilizing juvenile populations and may explain why so many treatments have failed in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan C Smith
- Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Ryan C Holden
- Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Sherry M Rasmussen
- Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Michael R Hoane
- Restorative Neuroscience Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Michael J Hylin
- Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yao M, Gao F, Xu R, Zhang J, Chen Y, Guan F. A dual-enzymatically cross-linked injectable gelatin hydrogel loaded with BMSC improves neurological function recovery of traumatic brain injury in rats. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4088-4098. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00749k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BMSC-laden gelatin hydrogels dual-enzymatically cross-linked by GOX and HRP could significantly promote the neurological function recovery of TBI in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yao
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Ru Xu
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Junni Zhang
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yihao Chen
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Science
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jiang JP, Niu XG, Dai C, Ma K, Xu HY, Cheng SX, Zhang ZW, Duan F, Zhu X, Wang YT, Chen XY, Zhang S. Neurological functional evaluation based on accurate motions in big animals with traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:991-996. [PMID: 30762010 PMCID: PMC6404497 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.250578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An accurate and effective neurological evaluation is indispensable in the treatment and rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury. However, most of the existing evaluation methods in basic research and clinical practice are not objective or intuitive for assessing the neurological function of big animals, and are also difficult to use to qualify the extent of damage and recovery. In the present study, we established a big animal model of traumatic brain injury by impacting the cortical motor region of beagles. At 2 weeks after successful modeling, we detected neurological deficiencies in the animal model using a series of techniques, including three-dimensional motion capture, electromyogram and ground reaction force. These novel technologies may play an increasingly important role in the field of traumatic brain injury diagnosis and rehabilitation in the future. The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Logistics University of People’s Armed Police Force (approval No. 2017-0006.2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Peng Jiang
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Gang Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui-You Xu
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Shi-Xiang Cheng
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Zhang
- Department of Automation, College of Computer and Control Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Duan
- Department of Automation, College of Computer and Control Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu-Yi Chen
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical Center of People's Armed Policed Force, Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu YL, Yuan F, Yang DX, Xu ZM, Jing Y, Yang GY, Geng Z, Xia WL, Tian HL. Adjudin Attenuates Cerebral Edema and Improves Neurological Function in Mice with Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2850-2860. [PMID: 29860924 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian-xu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-ming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-yuan Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-liang Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-li Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zarriello S, Tuazon JP, Corey S, Schimmel S, Rajani M, Gorsky A, Incontri D, Hammock BD, Borlongan CV. Humble beginnings with big goals: Small molecule soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors for treating CNS disorders. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 172:23-39. [PMID: 30447256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) degrades epoxides of fatty acids including epoxyeicosatrienoic acid isomers (EETs), which are produced as metabolites of the cytochrome P450 branch of the arachidonic acid pathway. EETs exert a variety of largely beneficial effects in the context of inflammation and vascular regulation. sEH inhibition is shown to be therapeutic in several cardiovascular and renal disorders, as well as in peripheral analgesia, via the increased availability of anti-inflammatory EETs. The success of sEH inhibitors in peripheral systems suggests their potential in targeting inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Here, we describe the current roles of sEH in the pathology and treatment of CNS disorders such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, cognitive impairment, dementia and depression. In view of the robust anti-inflammatory effects of stem cells, we also outlined the potency of stem cell treatment and sEH inhibitors as a combination therapy for these CNS disorders. This review highlights the gaps in current knowledge about the pathologic and therapeutic roles of sEH in CNS disorders, which should guide future basic science research towards translational and clinical applications of sEH inhibitors for treatment of neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Zarriello
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Julian P Tuazon
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Sydney Corey
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Samantha Schimmel
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Mira Rajani
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Anna Gorsky
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Diego Incontri
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, NIEHS-UCD Superfund Research Program, University of California - Davis, United States.
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Scrimgeour AG, Carrigan CT, Condlin ML, Urso ML, van den Berg RM, van Helden HP, Montain SJ, Joosen MJ. Dietary Zinc Modulates Matrix Metalloproteinases in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2495-2506. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angus G. Scrimgeour
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher T. Carrigan
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle L. Condlin
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Maria L. Urso
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Scott J. Montain
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, Massachusetts
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huebner EA, Budel S, Jiang Z, Omura T, Ho TSY, Barrett L, Merkel JS, Pereira LM, Andrews NA, Wang X, Singh B, Kapur K, Costigan M, Strittmatter SM, Woolf CJ. Diltiazem Promotes Regenerative Axon Growth. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3948-3957. [PMID: 30232777 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Axotomy results in permanent loss of function after brain and spinal cord injuries due to the minimal regenerative propensity of the adult central nervous system (CNS). To identify pharmacological enhancers of axon regeneration, 960 compounds were screened for cortical neuron axonal regrowth using an in vitro cortical scrape assay. Diltiazem, verapamil, and bromopride were discovered to facilitate axon regeneration in rat cortical cultures, in the presence of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Diltiazem, an L-type calcium channel blocker (L-CCB), also promotes axon outgrowth in adult primary mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and induced human sensory (iSensory) neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Huebner
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Stéphane Budel
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Zhaoxin Jiang
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Takao Omura
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tammy Szu-Yu Ho
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lee Barrett
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Janie S Merkel
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Luis M Pereira
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nick A Andrews
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Bhagat Singh
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kush Kapur
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael Costigan
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen M Strittmatter
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair Program, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ignowski E, Winter AN, Duval N, Fleming H, Wallace T, Manning E, Koza L, Huber K, Serkova NJ, Linseman DA. The cysteine-rich whey protein supplement, Immunocal®, preserves brain glutathione and improves cognitive, motor, and histopathological indices of traumatic brain injury in a mouse model of controlled cortical impact. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:328-341. [PMID: 29940352 PMCID: PMC6211803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem estimated to affect nearly 1.7 million people in the United States annually. Due to the often debilitating effects of TBI, novel preventative agents are highly desirable for at risk populations. Here, we tested a whey protein supplement, Immunocal®, for its potential to enhance resilience to TBI. Immunocal® is a non-denatured whey protein preparation which has been shown to act as a cysteine delivery system to increase levels of the essential antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Twice daily oral supplementation of CD1 mice with Immunocal® for 28 days prior to receiving a moderate TBI prevented an ~ 25% reduction in brain GSH/GSSG observed in untreated TBI mice. Immunocal® had no significant effect on the primary mechanical injury induced by TBI, as assessed by MRI, changes in Tau phosphorylation, and righting reflex time or apnea. However, pre-injury supplementation with Immunocal® resulted in statistically significant improvements in motor function (beam walk and rotarod) and cognitive function (Barnes maze). We also observed a significant preservation of corpus callosum width (axonal myelination), a significant decrease in degenerating neurons, a reduction in Iba1 (microglial marker), decreased lipid peroxidation, and preservation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brains of Immunocal®-pretreated mice compared to untreated TBI mice. Taken together, these data indicate that pre-injury supplementation with Immunocal® significantly enhances the resilience to TBI induced by a moderate closed head injury in mice. We conclude that Immunocal® may hold significant promise as a preventative agent for TBI, particularly in certain high risk populations such as athletes and military personnel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ignowski
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Aimee N Winter
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Nathan Duval
- University of Denver, Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Holly Fleming
- University of Denver, Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Tyler Wallace
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Evan Manning
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Lilia Koza
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| | - Kendra Huber
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - Daniel A Linseman
- University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences and Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, 2155 E. Wesley Ave., Denver, CO 80208, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dobrachinski F, Gerbatin RR, Sartori G, Golombieski RM, Antoniazzi A, Nogueira CW, Royes LF, Fighera MR, Porciúncula LO, Cunha RA, Soares FAA. Guanosine Attenuates Behavioral Deficits After Traumatic Brain Injury by Modulation of Adenosinergic Receptors. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3145-3158. [PMID: 30105669 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, triggering chronic neurodegeneration underlying cognitive and mood disorder still without therapeutic prospects. Based on our previous observations that guanosine (GUO) attenuates short-term neurochemical alterations caused by TBI, this study investigated the effects of chronical GUO treatment in behavioral, molecular, and morphological disturbances 21 days after trauma. Rats subject to TBI displayed mood (anxiety-like) and memory dysfunction. This was accompanied by a decreased expression of both synaptic (synaptophysin) and plasticity proteins (BDNF and CREB), a loss of cresyl violet-stained neurons, and increased astrogliosis and microgliosis in the hippocampus. Notably, chronic GUO treatment (7.5 mg/kg i.p. daily starting 1 h after TBI) prevented all these TBI-induced long-term behavioral, neurochemical, and morphological modifications. This neuroprotective effect of GUO was abrogated in the presence of the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (1 mg/kg) but unaltered by the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261 (0.05 mg/kg). These findings show that a chronic GUO treatment prevents the long-term mood and memory dysfunction triggered by TBI, which involves adenosinergic receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Dobrachinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rogério R Gerbatin
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gláubia Sartori
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity and Pharmacological Evaluating and Toxicology of Organochalcogens, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo M Golombieski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity and Pharmacological Evaluating and Toxicology of Organochalcogens, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Royes
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele R Fighera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisiane O Porciúncula
- Laboratory of Studies on the Purinergic System, Department of Biochemistry / ICBS, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Félix A A Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Pan MX, Tang JC, Liu R, Feng YG, Wan Q. Effects of estrogen receptor GPR30 agonist G1 on neuronal apoptosis and microglia polarization in traumatic brain injury rats. Chin J Traumatol 2018; 21:224-228. [PMID: 30017543 PMCID: PMC6085194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of estrogen G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) agonist G1 on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and microglial polarization in rat traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, TBI + vehicle group, TBI + G1 group. Experimental moderate TBI was induced using Feeney's weigh-drop method. G1 (100μg/kg) or vehicle was intravenously injected from femoral vein at 30 min post-injury. Rats were sacrificed at 24 h after injury for detection of neuronal apoptosis and microglia polarization. Neuronal apoptosis was assayed by immunofluorescent staining of active caspase-3. M1 type microglia markers (iNOS and IL-1β) and M2 type markers (Arg1 and IL-4) were examined by immunoblotting or ELISA. Total protein level of Akt and phosphorylated Akt were assayed by immunoblotting. RESULTS G1 significantly reduced active caspase-3 positive neurons in hippocampus. Meanwhile G1 increased the ratio of Arg1/iNOS. IL-1β production was decreased but IL-4 was increased after G1 treatment. G1 treatment also increased the active form of Akt. CONCLUSIONS GPR30 agonist G1 inhibited neuronal apoptosis and favored microglia polarization to M2 type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xian Pan
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Chun Tang
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu-Gong Feng
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China,Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China,Corresponding author. Department of Physiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Angelova PR, Vinogradova D, Neganova ME, Serkova TP, Sokolov VV, Bachurin SO, Shevtsova EF, Abramov AY. Pharmacological Sequestration of Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Protects Neurons Against Glutamate Excitotoxicity. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2244-2255. [PMID: 30008072 PMCID: PMC6394642 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal excitotoxicity which is induced by exposure to excessive extracellular glutamate is shown to be involved in neuronal cell death in acute brain injury and a number of neurological diseases. High concentration of glutamate induces calcium deregulation which results in mitochondrial calcium overload and mitochondrial depolarization that triggers the mechanism of cell death. Inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uptake could be potentially neuroprotective but complete inhibition of mitochondrial calcium uniporter could result in the loss of some physiological processes linked to Ca2+ in mitochondria. Here, we found that a novel compound, TG-2112x, can inhibit only the lower concentrations mitochondrial calcium uptake (induced by 100 nM-5 μM) but not the uptake induced by higher concentrations of calcium (10 μM and higher). This effect was not associated with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular respiration. However, a pre-treatment of neurons with TG-2112x protected the neurons against calcium overload upon application of toxic concentrations of glutamate. Thus, sequestration of mitochondrial calcium uptake protected the neurons against glutamate-induced mitochondrial depolarization and cell death. In our hands, TG-2112x was also protective against ionomycin-induced cell death. Hence, low rate mitochondrial calcium uptake plays an underestimated role in mitochondrial function, and its inhibition could protect neurons against calcium overload and cell death in glutamate excitotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Plamena R Angelova
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Darya Vinogradova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Margarita E Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Tatiana P Serkova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Sokolov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Sergey O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Elena F Shevtsova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia.
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|