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Syryamina VN, Aisenbrey C, Kardash M, Dzuba SA, Bechinger B. Self-assembly of spin-labeled antimicrobial peptides magainin 2 and PGLa in lipid bilayers. Biophys Chem 2024; 310:107251. [PMID: 38678820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The cationic antimicrobial peptides PGLa and magainin 2 (Mag2) are known for their antimicrobial activity and synergistic enhancement in antimicrobial and membrane leakage assays. Further use of peptides in combinatory therapy requires knowledge of the mechanisms of action of both individual peptides and their mixtures. Here, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), double electron-electron resonance (DEER, also known as PELDOR) and electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopies were applied to study self-assembly and localization of spin-labeled PGLa and Mag2 in POPE/POPG membranes with a wide range of peptide/lipid ratios (P/L) from ∼1/1500 to 1/50. EPR and DEER data showed that both peptides tend to organize in clusters, which occurs already at the lowest peptide/lipid molar ratio of 1/1500 (0.067 mol%). For individual peptides, these clusters are quite dense with intermolecular distances of the order of ∼2 nm. In the presence of a synergistic peptide partner, these homo-clusters are transformed into lipid-diluted hetero-clusters. These clusters are characterized by a local surface density that is several times higher than expected from a random distribution. ESEEM data indicate a slightly different insertion depth of peptides in hetero-clusters when compared to homo-clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria N Syryamina
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Christopher Aisenbrey
- University of Strasbourg/CNRS, UMR7177, Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, Membrane Biophysics and NMR, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Kardash
- University of Strasbourg/CNRS, UMR7177, Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, Membrane Biophysics and NMR, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sergei A Dzuba
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation; Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Burkhard Bechinger
- University of Strasbourg/CNRS, UMR7177, Strasbourg Institute of Chemistry, Membrane Biophysics and NMR, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France.
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2
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Weaver DF. Endogenous Antimicrobial-Immunomodulatory Molecules: Networking Biomolecules of Innate Immunity. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400089. [PMID: 38658319 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous antimicrobial-immunomodulatory molecules (EAIMs) are essential to immune-mediated human health and evolution. Conventionally, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been regarded as the dominant endogenous antimicrobial molecule; however, AMPs are not sufficient to account for the full spectrum of antimicrobial-immunomodulatory duality occurring within the human body. The threat posed by pathogenic microbes is pervasive with the capacity for widespread impact across many organ systems and multiple biochemical pathways; accordingly, the host needs the capacity to react with an equally diverse response. This can be attained by having EAIMs that traverse the full range of molecular size (small to large molecules) and structural diversity (including molecules other than peptides). This review identifies multiple molecules (peptide/protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, small organic molecule, and metallic cation) as EAIMs and discusses the possibility of cooperative, additive effects amongst the various EAIM classes during the host response to a microbial assault. This comprehensive consideration of the full molecular diversity of EAIMs enables the conclusion that EAIMs constitute a previously uncatalogued structurally diverse and collectively underappreciated immuno-active group of integrated molecular responders within the innate immune system's first line of defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald F Weaver
- Departments of Chemistry and Medicine, University of Toronto, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5Y 0S8, Canada
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3
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Fink A, Ben Hur D, Wani NA, Cohen H, Segev-Zarko LA, Arnusch CJ, Shai Y. Development of Nontoxic Peptides for Lipopolysaccharide Neutralization and Sepsis Treatment. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1795-1806. [PMID: 38898940 PMCID: PMC11184611 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs), also named antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are increasingly being recognized for serving multiple functions in protecting the host from infection and disease. Previous studies have shown that various HDPs can also neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin), as well as lipoteichoic acid (LTA), inducing macrophage activation. However, antimicrobial activity is usually accompanied by systemic toxicity which makes it difficult to use HDPs as antiendotoxin agents. Here we report that key parameters can uncouple these two functions yielding nontoxic peptides with potent LPS and LTA neutralization activities in vitro and in animal models. The data reveal that peptide length, the number, and the placement of positive charges are important parameters involved in LPS neutralization. Crucially, the peptide exhibited a separation between its membrane-disrupting and antimicrobial properties, effectively decoupling them from its ability to neutralize LPS. This essential distinction prevented systemic toxicity and led to the peptide's complete rescue of mice suffering from severe septic shock in two distinct models. Strong binding to LPS, changes in structure, and oligomerization state upon LPS binding were important factors that determined the activity of the peptides. In the face of the increasing threat of septic shock worldwide, it is crucial to grasp how we can neutralize harmful substances like LPS. This knowledge is vital for creating nontoxic treatments for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avner Fink
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- MilliporeSigma
Life Science, Kiryat
Hamada 13, 9777613 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Ben Hur
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Naiem Ahmad Wani
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hadar Cohen
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Li-Av Segev-Zarko
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Christopher J. Arnusch
- Department
of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water
Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus 8499000, Israel
| | - Yechiel Shai
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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4
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Wijesekara T, Abeyrathne EDNS, Ahn DU. Effect of Bioactive Peptides on Gut Microbiota and Their Relations to Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:1853. [PMID: 38928795 PMCID: PMC11202804 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from both exogenous and endogenous origins have been studied extensively to use their beneficial effects in humans and animals. Bioactive peptides exhibit beneficial bodily functions and contribute to a healthy gastrointestinal system by influencing barrier functions, immune responses, and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is a diverse microbial community that significantly influences the overall well-being and homeostasis of the body. Factors such as diet, age, lifestyle, medication, and environmental circumstances can affect the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. The disturbances or imbalances in the gut microbiota have been associated with various health problems. The interplays between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota are not fully understood, but bioactive peptides hold promise as modulators of the gut microbiota to promote gut health. Almost all the bioactive research on human health, including the development of therapeutics and nutritional interventions, uses cell culture, even though their direct biofunctional activities can only occur when absorbed in the intestine and into the blood system. This review focuses on the current understanding of bioactive peptides in gut microbiota and their impact and mechanisms on gut and human health. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted interactions between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota, integrating knowledge from diverse disciplines between microbiology and nutrition. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and identifying current research gaps, this review offers an outlook on the potential of bioactive peptides in promoting gut health and shaping future therapeutic and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharuka Wijesekara
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | | | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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5
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Patel NF, Letinić BD, Lobb L, Zawada J, Dlamini DM, Mabaso N, Munhenga G, Oliver SV. Comparison of the effect of bacterial stimulation on the global epigenetic landscape and transcription of immune genes in primarily zoophilic members of the Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae). Mol Biochem Parasitol 2024; 260:111631. [PMID: 38844266 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2024.111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Members of the Anopheles gambiae complex vary in their vector competence, and this is often attributed to behavioural differences. Similarly, there are differences in transmission capabilities of the zoophilic members of this complex despite exhibiting similar behaviours. Therefore, behavioural differences alone cannot fully explain vector competence variation within members of the An. gambiae complex. The immune system of mosquitoes plays a key role in determining susceptibility to parasite infection and consequently transmission capacity. This study aimed to examine variations in the immune response of An. arabiensis, An. merus and An. quadriannulatus, a major, minor, and non-vector respectively. The global epigenetic landscape was characterised and the expression of Defensin-1 and Gambicin was assessed in response to Gram-positive (Streptococcus pyogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial infections. The effect of insecticide resistance in An. arabiensis on these aspects was also assessed. The immune system was stimulated by a blood-borne bacterial supplementation. The 5mC, 5hmC, m6A methylation levels and Histone Acetyl Transferase activity were assessed with commercial ELISA kits. The transcript levels of Defensin-1 and Gambicin were assessed by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Species-specific differences in 5mC and m6A methylation existed both constitutively as well as post immune stimulation. The epigenetic patterns observed in the laboratory strains were largely conserved in F1 offspring of wild-caught adults. The methylation patterns in the major vector typically differed from that of the minor/non-vectors. The differences between insecticide susceptible and resistant An. arabiensis were more reflected in the expression of Defensin-1 and Gambicin. The expression of these peptides differed in the strains only after bacterial stimulation. Anopheles merus and An. quadriannulatus expressed significantly higher levels of antimicrobial peptides, both constitutively and after immune stimulation. These findings suggest molecular variations in the immune response of members of the An. gambiae complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashrin F Patel
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Blaženka D Letinić
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Leanne Lobb
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Clinical HIV Research Unit, Wits Health Consortium, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jacek Zawada
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) National Zoological Gardens, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dumsani M Dlamini
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nondumiso Mabaso
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Givemore Munhenga
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shüné V Oliver
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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6
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Ahator SD, Hegstad K, Lentz CS, Johannessen M. Deciphering Staphylococcus aureus-host dynamics using dual activity-based protein profiling of ATP-interacting proteins. mSystems 2024; 9:e0017924. [PMID: 38656122 PMCID: PMC11097646 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00179-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of ATP within cells plays a fundamental role in cellular processes that are essential for the regulation of host-pathogen dynamics and the subsequent immune response. This study focuses on ATP-binding proteins to dissect the complex interplay between Staphylococcus aureus and human cells, particularly macrophages (THP-1) and keratinocytes (HaCaT), during an intracellular infection. A snapshot of the various protein activity and function is provided using a desthiobiotin-ATP probe, which targets ATP-interacting proteins. In S. aureus, we observe enrichment in pathways required for nutrient acquisition, biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids, and energy metabolism when located inside human cells. Additionally, the direct profiling of the protein activity revealed specific adaptations of S. aureus to the keratinocytes and macrophages. Mapping the differentially activated proteins to biochemical pathways in the human cells with intracellular bacteria revealed cell-type-specific adaptations to bacterial challenges where THP-1 cells prioritized immune defenses, autophagic cell death, and inflammation. In contrast, HaCaT cells emphasized barrier integrity and immune activation. We also observe bacterial modulation of host processes and metabolic shifts. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamics of S. aureus-host cell interactions, shedding light on modulating host immune responses to S. aureus, which could involve developing immunomodulatory therapies. IMPORTANCE This study uses a chemoproteomic approach to target active ATP-interacting proteins and examines the dynamic proteomic interactions between Staphylococcus aureus and human cell lines THP-1 and HaCaT. It uncovers the distinct responses of macrophages and keratinocytes during bacterial infection. S. aureus demonstrated a tailored response to the intracellular environment of each cell type and adaptation during exposure to professional and non-professional phagocytes. It also highlights strategies employed by S. aureus to persist within host cells. This study offers significant insights into the human cell response to S. aureus infection, illuminating the complex proteomic shifts that underlie the defense mechanisms of macrophages and keratinocytes. Notably, the study underscores the nuanced interplay between the host's metabolic reprogramming and immune strategy, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for enhancing host defense and inhibiting bacterial survival. The findings enhance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and can inform the development of targeted therapies against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Dela Ahator
- Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) & Research Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin Hegstad
- Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) & Research Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christian S. Lentz
- Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) & Research Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mona Johannessen
- Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) & Research Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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7
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Zhang LM, Zhou SW, Huang XS, Chen YF, Mwangi J, Fang YQ, Du T, Zhao M, Shi L, Lu QM. Blap-6, a Novel Antifungal Peptide from the Chinese Medicinal Beetle Blaps rhynchopetera against Cryptococcus neoformans. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5336. [PMID: 38791374 PMCID: PMC11121495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is a pathogenic fungus that can cause life-threatening meningitis, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems. The current standard treatment involves the combination of amphotericin B and azole drugs, but this regimen often leads to inevitable toxicity in patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antifungal drugs with improved safety profiles. We screened antimicrobial peptides from the hemolymph transcriptome of Blaps rhynchopetera (B. rhynchopetera), a folk Chinese medicine. We found an antimicrobial peptide named blap-6 that exhibited potent activity against bacteria and fungi. Blap-6 is composed of 17 amino acids (KRCRFRIYRWGFPRRRF), and it has excellent antifungal activity against C. neoformans, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.81 μM. Blap-6 exhibits strong antifungal kinetic characteristics. Mechanistic studies revealed that blap-6 exerts its antifungal activity by penetrating and disrupting the integrity of the fungal cell membrane. In addition to its direct antifungal effect, blap-6 showed strong biofilm inhibition and scavenging activity. Notably, the peptide exhibited low hemolytic and cytotoxicity to human cells and may be a potential candidate antimicrobial drug for fungal infection caused by C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Mei Zhang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (L.-M.Z.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Zhou
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Huang
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - James Mwangi
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Qun Fang
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
| | - Ting Du
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (L.-M.Z.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (L.-M.Z.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; (L.-M.Z.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Qiu-Min Lu
- Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Sino-African Joint Research Center, and New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.17 Longxin Road, Kunming 650201, China; (S.-W.Z.); (X.-S.H.); (Y.-F.C.); (J.M.); (Y.-Q.F.)
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8
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Wang C, Li M, Xia X, Fu Y, Wang Y, Xu W, Wei H, Wei L. Construction of exosome-loaded LL-37 and its protection against zika virus infection. Antiviral Res 2024; 225:105855. [PMID: 38460762 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an enveloped, single-stranded and positive-stranded RNA virus of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. ZIKV can cross the placental barrier and infect the fetus, causing microcephaly, congenital ZIKV syndrome, and even fetal death. ZIKV infection can also lead to testicular damage and male sterility. But no effective drugs and vaccines are available up to now. Previous studies have shown that the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can protect against ZIKV infection. However, LL-37 is a secreted peptide, which can be easily degraded in vivo. We herein constructed exosome-loaded LL-37 (named LL-37-TM-exo and TM-LL-37-exo) using the transmembrane protein TM to load LL-37 onto the membrane of exosome. We found that exosome-loaded LL-37 could significantly inhibit ZIKV infection in vitro and in vivo, and LL-37-TM-exo had stronger antiviral activity than that of TM-LL-37-exo, which could significantly reduce ZIKV-induced testicular injury and sperm injury, and had broad-spectrum antiviral effect. Compared to free LL-37, exosome-loaded LL-37 showed a better serum stability, higher efficiency to cross the placental barrier, and stronger antiviral activity. The mechanism of exosome-loaded LL-37 against ZIKV infection was consistent with that of free LL-37, which could directly inactivate viral particles, reduce the susceptibility of host cells, and act on viral replication stage. Our study provides a novel strategy for the development of LL-37 against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaohui Xia
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hongqi Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Lin Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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9
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Ambrogi M, Vezina CM. Roles of airway and intestinal epithelia in responding to pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1346087. [PMID: 38736751 PMCID: PMC11082347 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1346087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells form a resilient barrier and orchestrate defensive and reparative mechanisms to maintain tissue stability. This review focuses on gut and airway epithelia, which are positioned where the body interfaces with the outside world. We review the many signaling pathways and mechanisms by which epithelial cells at the interface respond to invading pathogens to mount an innate immune response and initiate adaptive immunity and communicate with other cells, including resident microbiota, to heal damaged tissue and maintain homeostasis. We compare and contrast how airway and gut epithelial cells detect pathogens, release antimicrobial effectors, collaborate with macrophages, Tregs and epithelial stem cells to mount an immune response and orchestrate tissue repair. We also describe advanced research models for studying epithelial communication and behaviors during inflammation, tissue injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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10
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Feng J, Sun M, Liu C, Zhang W, Xu C, Wang J, Wang G, Wan S. SAMP: Identifying Antimicrobial Peptides by an Ensemble Learning Model Based on Proportionalized Split Amino Acid Composition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.25.590553. [PMID: 38712184 PMCID: PMC11071531 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.25.590553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
It is projected that 10 million deaths could be attributed to drug-resistant bacteria infections in 2050. To address this concern, identifying new-generation antibiotics is an effective way. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a class of innate immune effectors, have received significant attention for their capacity to eliminate drug-resistant pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Recent years have witnessed widespread applications of computational methods especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) for discovering AMPs. However, existing methods only use features including compositional, physiochemical, and structural properties of peptides, which cannot fully capture sequence information from AMPs. Here, we present SAMP, an ensemble random projection (RP) based computational model that leverages a new type of features called Proportionalized Split Amino Acid Composition (PSAAC) in addition to conventional sequence-based features for AMP prediction. With this new feature set, SAMP captures the residue patterns like sorting signals at around both the N-terminus and the C-terminus, while also retaining the sequence order information from the middle peptide fragments. Benchmarking tests on different balanced and imbalanced datasets demonstrate that SAMP consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, such as iAMPpred and AMPScanner V2, in terms of accuracy, MCC, G-measure and F1-score. In addition, by leveraging an ensemble RP architecture, SAMP is scalable to processing large-scale AMP identification with further performance improvement, compared to those models without RP. To facilitate the use of SAMP, we have developed a Python package freely available at https://github.com/wan-mlab/SAMP .
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11
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Shao Z, Tam KKG, Achalla VPK, Woon ECY, Mason AJ, Chow SF, Yam WC, Lam JKW. Synergistic combination of antimicrobial peptide and isoniazid as inhalable dry powder formulation against multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123960. [PMID: 38447778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has posed a serious threat to global public health, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged to be promising candidates to tackle this deadly infectious disease. Previous study has suggested that two AMPs, namely D-LAK120-A and D-LAK120-HP13, can potentiate the effect of isoniazid (INH) against mycobacteria. In this study, the strategy of combining INH and D-LAK peptide as a dry powder formulation for inhalation was explored. The antibacterial effect of INH and D-LAK combination was first evaluated on three MDR clinical isolates of Mycobacteria tuberculosis (Mtb). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentration indexes (FICIs) were determined. The combination was synergistic against Mtb with FICIs ranged from 0.25 to 0.38. The INH and D-LAK peptide at 2:1 mole ratio (equivalent to 1: 10 mass ratio) was identified to be optimal. This ratio was adopted for the preparation of dry powder formulation for pulmonary delivery, with mannitol used as bulking excipient. Spherical particles with mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of around 5 µm were produced by spray drying. The aerosol performance of the spray dried powder was moderate, as evaluated by the Next Generation Impactor (NGI), with emitted fraction and fine particle fraction of above 70 % and 45 %, respectively. The circular dichroism spectra revealed that both D-LAK peptides retained their secondary structure after spray drying, and the antibacterial effect of the combination against the MDR Mtb clinical isolates was successfully preserved. The combination was found to be effective against MDR Mtb isolates with KatG or InhA mutations. Overall, the synergistic combination of INH with D-LAK peptide formulated as inhaled dry powder offers a new therapeutic approach against MDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Shao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Kingsley King-Gee Tam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - V P K Achalla
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther C Y Woon
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - A James Mason
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Shing Fung Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wing Cheong Yam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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12
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Wang Z, Chen X, Yan L, Wang W, Zheng P, Mohammadreza A, Liu Q. Antimicrobial peptides in bone regeneration: mechanism and potential. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:285-304. [PMID: 38567503 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2337239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small-molecule peptides with a unique antimicrobial mechanism. Other notable biological activities of AMPs, including anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, and bone formation effects, have recently received widespread attention. These remarkable bioactivities, combined with the unique antimicrobial mechanism of action of AMPs, have led to their increasingly important role in bone regeneration. AREAS COVERED In this review, on the one hand, we aimed to summarize information about the AMPs that are currently used for bone regeneration by reviewing published literature in the PubMed database. On the other hand, we also highlight some AMPs with potential roles in bone regeneration and their possible mechanisms of action. EXPERT OPINION The translation of AMPs to the clinic still faces many problems, but their unique antimicrobial mechanisms and other conspicuous biological activities suggest great potential. An in-depth understanding of the structure and mechanism of action of AMPs will help us to subsequently combine AMPs with different carrier systems and perform structural modifications to reduce toxicity and achieve stable release, which may be a key strategy for facilitating the translation of AMPs to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiCheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoMan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - WenJie Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - PeiJia Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Atashbahar Mohammadreza
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Kaur J, Sharma A, Passi G, Dey P, Khajuria A, Alajangi HK, Jaiswal PK, Barnwal RP, Singh G. Nanomedicine at the Pulmonary Frontier: Immune-Centric Approaches for Respiratory Disease Treatment. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:295-347. [PMID: 38206610 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2298398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases (RD) are a group of common ailments with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, posing a significant threat to humanity, especially the elderly population, and imposing a substantial burden on society and the economy. RD represents an unmet medical need that requires the development of viable pharmacotherapies. While various promising strategies have been devised to advance potential treatments for RD, their implementation has been hindered by difficulties in drug delivery, particularly in critically ill patients. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions for delivering medications to the inflamed organ sites, such as the lungs. Although this approach is enticing, delivering nanomedicine to the lungs presents complex challenges that require sophisticated techniques. In this context, we review the potential of novel nanomedicine-based immunomodulatory strategies that could offer therapeutic benefits in managing this pressing health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gautam Passi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Piyush Dey
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhil Khajuria
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hema Kumari Alajangi
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | - Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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14
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Agha MM, Aziziyan F, Uversky VN. Each big journey starts with a first step: Importance of oligomerization. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 206:111-141. [PMID: 38811079 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Protein oligomers, widely found in nature, have significant physiological and pathological functions. They are classified into three groups based on their function and toxicity. Significant advancements are being achieved in the development of functional oligomers, with a focus on various applications and their engineering. The antimicrobial peptides oligomers play roles in death of bacterial and cancer cells. The predominant pathogenic species in neurodegenerative disorders, as shown by recent results, are amyloid oligomers, which are the main subject of this chapter. They are generated throughout the aggregation process, serving as both intermediates in the subsequent aggregation pathways and ultimate products. Some of them may possess potent cytotoxic properties and through diverse mechanisms cause cellular impairment, and ultimately, the death of cells and disease progression. Information regarding their structure, formation mechanism, and toxicity is limited due to their inherent instability and structural variability. This chapter aims to provide a concise overview of the current knowledge regarding amyloid oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Mirza Agha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United Staes.
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15
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Zhou L, Meng G, Zhu L, Ma L, Chen K. Insect Antimicrobial Peptides as Guardians of Immunity and Beyond: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3835. [PMID: 38612644 PMCID: PMC11011964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as immune effectors synthesized by a variety of organisms, not only constitute a robust defense mechanism against a broad spectrum of pathogens in the host but also show promising applications as effective antimicrobial agents. Notably, insects are significant reservoirs of natural AMPs. However, the complex array of variations in types, quantities, antimicrobial activities, and production pathways of AMPs, as well as evolution of AMPs across insect species, presents a significant challenge for immunity system understanding and AMP applications. This review covers insect AMP discoveries, classification, common properties, and mechanisms of action. Additionally, the types, quantities, and activities of immune-related AMPs in each model insect are also summarized. We conducted the first comprehensive investigation into the diversity, distribution, and evolution of 20 types of AMPs in model insects, employing phylogenetic analysis to describe their evolutionary relationships and shed light on conserved and distinctive AMP families. Furthermore, we summarize the regulatory pathways of AMP production through classical signaling pathways and additional pathways associated with Nitric Oxide, insulin-like signaling, and hormones. This review advances our understanding of AMPs as guardians in insect immunity systems and unlocks a gateway to insect AMP resources, facilitating the use of AMPs to address food safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zhou
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guanliang Meng
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Ling Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Li Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030810, China
| | - Kangkang Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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16
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Ra YE, Bang YJ. Balancing Act of the Intestinal Antimicrobial Proteins on Gut Microbiota and Health. J Microbiol 2024; 62:167-179. [PMID: 38630349 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
The human gut houses a diverse and dynamic microbiome critical for digestion, metabolism, and immune development, exerting profound effects on human health. However, these microorganisms pose a potential threat by breaching the gut barrier, entering host tissues, and triggering infections, uncontrolled inflammation, and even sepsis. The intestinal epithelial cells form the primary defense, acting as a frontline barrier against microbial invasion. Antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), produced by these cells, serve as innate immune effectors that regulate the gut microbiome by directly killing or inhibiting microbes. Abnormal AMP production, whether insufficient or excessive, can disturb the microbiome equilibrium, contributing to various intestinal diseases. This review delves into the complex interactions between AMPs and the gut microbiota and sheds light on the role of AMPs in governing host-microbiota interactions. We discuss the function and mechanisms of action of AMPs, their regulation by the gut microbiota, microbial evasion strategies, and the consequences of AMP dysregulation in disease. Understanding these complex interactions between AMPs and the gut microbiota is crucial for developing strategies to enhance immune responses and combat infections within the gut microbiota. Ongoing research continues to uncover novel aspects of this intricate relationship, deepening our understanding of the factors shaping gut health. This knowledge has the potential to revolutionize therapeutic interventions, offering enhanced treatments for a wide range of gut-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Ra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Bang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Das S, Konwar BK. Influence of connatural factors in shaping vaginal microflora and ensuring its health. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:871-886. [PMID: 37676318 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal canal (VC) is exposed to the external environment affected by habitual factors like hygiene and sexual behaviour as well as physiological factors like puberty, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, child birth and menopause. Healthy VC harbours beneficial microflora supported by vaginal epithelium and cervical fluid. Connatural antimicrobial peptide (AMPs) of female reproductive tract (FRT) conjunctly with these beneficial microbes provide protection from a large number of infectious diseases. Such infections may either be caused by native microbes of the VC or transitory microbes like bacteria or virus which are not a part of VC microflora. This review highlight's the role of hormones, enzymes, innate immunological factors, epithelial cells and vaginal mucus that support beneficial microbes over infectious ones thus, helping to maintain homeostasis in VC and further protect the FRT. We also discuss the prospective use of vaginal probiotics and AMPs against pathogens which can serve as a potential cure for vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreaya Das
- Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Bolin K Konwar
- Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, 784028, India
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18
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Kamel M, Aleya S, Alsubih M, Aleya L. Microbiome Dynamics: A Paradigm Shift in Combatting Infectious Diseases. J Pers Med 2024; 14:217. [PMID: 38392650 PMCID: PMC10890469 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases have long posed a significant threat to global health and require constant innovation in treatment approaches. However, recent groundbreaking research has shed light on a previously overlooked player in the pathogenesis of disease-the human microbiome. This review article addresses the intricate relationship between the microbiome and infectious diseases and unravels its role as a crucial mediator of host-pathogen interactions. We explore the remarkable potential of harnessing this dynamic ecosystem to develop innovative treatment strategies that could revolutionize the management of infectious diseases. By exploring the latest advances and emerging trends, this review aims to provide a new perspective on combating infectious diseases by targeting the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sami Aleya
- Faculty of Medecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Hauts-du-Chazal, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Majed Alsubih
- Department of Civil Engineering, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249, La Bouloie, 25030 Besançon, France
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19
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Rivera K, Tanaka KJ, Buechel ER, Origel O, Harrison A, Mason KM, Pinkett HW. Antimicrobial Peptide Recognition Motif of the Substrate Binding Protein SapA from Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Biochemistry 2024; 63:294-311. [PMID: 38189237 PMCID: PMC10851439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is an opportunistic pathogen associated with respiratory diseases, including otitis media and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NTHi exhibits resistance to killing by host antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) mediated by SapA, the substrate binding protein of the sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides (Sap) transporter. However, the specific mechanisms by which SapA selectively binds various AMPs such as defensins and cathelicidin are unknown. In this study, we report mutational analyses of both defensin AMPs and the SapA binding pocket to define the specificity of AMP recognition. Bactericidal assays revealed that NTHi lacking SapA are more susceptible to human beta defensins and LL-37, while remaining highly resistant to a human alpha defensin. In contrast to homologues, our research underscores the distinct specificity of NTHi SapA, which selectively recognizes and binds to peptides containing the charged-hydrophobic motif PKE and RRY. These findings provide valuable insight into the divergence of SapA among bacterial species and NTHi SapA's ability to selectively interact with specific AMPs to mediate resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen
G. Rivera
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kari J. Tanaka
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Evan R. Buechel
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Octavio Origel
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alistair Harrison
- The
Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute
at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and College of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, United States
| | - Kevin M. Mason
- The
Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute
at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and College of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43205, United States
| | - Heather W. Pinkett
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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20
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Townsend JA, Fapohunda O, Wang Z, Pham H, Taylor MT, Kloss B, Ho Park S, Opella S, Aspinwall CA, Marty MT. Differences in Oligomerization of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein, Poliovirus VP4, and HIV Vpu. Biochemistry 2024; 63:241-250. [PMID: 38216552 PMCID: PMC10872257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Viroporins constitute a class of viral membrane proteins with diverse roles in the viral life cycle. They can self-assemble and form pores within the bilayer that transport substrates, such as ions and genetic material, that are critical to the viral infection cycle. However, there is little known about the oligomeric state of most viroporins. Here, we use native mass spectrometry in detergent micelles to uncover the patterns of oligomerization of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein, poliovirus VP4, and HIV Vpu. Our data suggest that the E protein is a specific dimer, VP4 is exclusively monomeric, and Vpu assembles into a polydisperse mixture of oligomers under these conditions. Overall, these results revealed the diversity in the oligomerization of viroporins, which has implications for the mechanisms of their biological functions as well as their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Fapohunda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Hieu Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Michael T. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Brian Kloss
- New York Consortium on Membrane Protein Structure, New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sang Ho Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stanley Opella
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Craig A. Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Michael T. Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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21
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Jeon E, Kim MK, Park Y. Efficacy of the bee-venom antimicrobial peptide Osmin against sensitive and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107054. [PMID: 38072166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae strains causes severe problems in the treatment of bacterial infections owing to limited treatment options. Especially, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is rapidly spreading worldwide and is emerging as a new cause of drug-resistant healthcare-associated infections. CRKP also has been announced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most pressing antibiotic resistance threats. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are drawing considerable attention as ideal antibiotic alternative candidates to combat MDR bacterial infections. In a previous study, Osmin is composed of 17 amino acids and is isolated from solitary bee (Osmia rufa) venom. Herein, we evaluated the potential of Osmin to be used against drug-resistant K. pneumoniae as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. Osmin exhibited significant antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity and lower toxicity than melittin, a well-known bee venom peptide. Additionally, we confirmed that it possesses a bactericidal mechanism that rapidly destroys bacterial membranes. Osmin was relatively more stable than melittin under the influence of various environmental factors and unlike conventional antibiotics, it exhibited a low bacterial resistance risk. During in vivo tests, Osmin reduced bacterial growth and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis-related genes in mice with CRKP-induced sepsis. Overall, our results indicate a high potential for Osmin to be used as a valuable therapeutic agent against drug-resistant K. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyeong Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Ustianowska K, Ustianowski Ł, Bakinowska E, Kiełbowski K, Szostak J, Murawka M, Szostak B, Pawlik A. The Genetic Aspects of Periodontitis Pathogenesis and the Regenerative Properties of Stem Cells. Cells 2024; 13:117. [PMID: 38247810 PMCID: PMC10814055 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is a prevalent and chronic inflammatory disease with a complex pathogenesis, and it is associated with the presence of specific pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Dysbiosis and dysregulated immune responses ultimately lead to chronic inflammation as well as tooth and alveolar bone loss. Multiple studies have demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms may increase the susceptibility to PD. Furthermore, gene expression is modulated by various epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, or the activity of non-coding RNA. These processes can also be induced by PD-associated pathogens. In this review, we try to summarize the genetic processes that are implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Furthermore, we discuss the use of these mechanisms in diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. Importantly, novel treatment methods that could promote tissue regeneration are greatly needed in PD. In this paper, we also demonstrate current evidence on the potential use of stem cells and extracellular vesicles to stimulate tissue regeneration and suppress inflammation. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of PD, as well as the impact of PD-associated bacteria and stem cells in these processes, may enhance future research and ultimately improve long-term treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Ustianowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Łukasz Ustianowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Joanna Szostak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Martyna Murawka
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.U.); (Ł.U.); (E.B.); (K.K.); (M.M.); (B.S.)
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23
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Stefanik O, Majerova P, Kovac A, Mikus P, Piestansky J. Capillary electrophoresis in the analysis of therapeutic peptides-A review. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:120-164. [PMID: 37705480 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic peptides are a growing class of innovative drugs with high efficiency and a low risk of adverse effects. These biomolecules fall within the molecular mass range between that of small molecules and proteins. However, their inherent instability and potential for degradation underscore the importance of reliable and effective analytical methods for pharmaceutical quality control, therapeutic drug monitoring, and compliance testing. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has long time been the "gold standard" conventional method for peptide analysis, but capillary electrophoresis (CE) is increasingly being recognized as a complementary and, in some cases, superior, highly efficient, green, and cost-effective alternative technique. CE can separate peptides composed of different amino acids owing to differences in their net charge and size, determining their migration behavior in an electric field. This review provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic peptides that have been used in the clinical environment for the last 25 years. It describes the properties, classification, current trends in development, and clinical use of therapeutic peptides. From the analytical point of view, it discusses the challenges associated with the analysis of therapeutic peptides in pharmaceutical and biological matrices, as well as the evaluation of CE as a whole and the comparison with LC methods. The article also highlights the use of microchip electrophoresis, nonaqueous CE, and nonconventional hydrodynamically closed CE systems and their applications. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of developing new CE-based analytical methods to ensure the high quality, safety, and efficacy of therapeutic peptides in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Stefanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Kovac
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Piestansky
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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24
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Ungor I, Apidianakis Y. Bacterial synergies and antagonisms affecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence in the human lung, skin and intestine. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:141-155. [PMID: 37843410 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires a significant breach in the host defense to cause an infection. While its virulence factors are well studied, its tropism cannot be explained only by studying its interaction with the host. Why are P. aeruginosa infections so rare in the intestine compared with the lung and skin? There is not enough evidence to claim specificity in virulence factors deployed by P. aeruginosa in each anatomical site, and host physiology differences between the lung and the intestine cannot easily explain the observed differences in virulence. This perspective highlights a relatively overlooked parameter in P. aeruginosa virulence, namely, potential synergies with bacteria found in the human skin and lung, as well as antagonisms with bacteria of the human intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izel Ungor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, 2109, Cyprus
| | - Yiorgos Apidianakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, 2109, Cyprus
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25
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Shin MK, Hwang IW, Jang BY, Bu KB, Han DH, Lee SH, Oh JW, Yoo JS, Sung JS. The Identification of a Novel Spider Toxin Peptide, Lycotoxin-Pa2a, with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1708. [PMID: 38136742 PMCID: PMC10740532 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing challenge of controlling infectious diseases due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, the importance of discovering new antimicrobial agents is rapidly increasing. Animal venoms contain a variety of functional peptides, making them a promising platform for pharmaceutical development. In this study, a novel toxin peptide with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities was discovered from the spider venom gland transcriptome by implementing computational approaches. Lycotoxin-Pa2a (Lytx-Pa2a) showed homology to known-spider toxin, where functional prediction indicated the potential of both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory peptides without hemolytic activity. The colony-forming assay and minimum inhibitory concentration test showed that Lytx-Pa2a exhibited comparable or stronger antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains than melittin. Following mechanistic studies revealed that Lytx-Pa2a disrupts both cytoplasmic and outer membranes of bacteria while simultaneously inducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The peptide exerted no significant toxicity when treated to human primary cells, murine macrophages, and bovine red blood cells. Moreover, Lytx-Pa2a alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in mouse macrophages by suppressing the expression of inflammatory mediators. These findings not only suggested that Lytx-Pa2a with dual activity can be utilized as a new antimicrobial agent for infectious diseases but also demonstrated the implementation of in silico methods for discovering a novel functional peptide, which may enhance the future utilization of biological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyoung Shin
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - In-Wook Hwang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Bo-Young Jang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Kyung-Bin Bu
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Dong-Hee Han
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Jin Wook Oh
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
| | - Jung Sun Yoo
- Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (I.-W.H.); (B.-Y.J.); (K.-B.B.); (D.-H.H.); (S.-H.L.); (J.W.O.)
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26
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Boahen A, Chew SY, Neela VK, Than LTL. Limosilactobacillus reuteri 29A Cell-Free Supernatant Antibiofilm and Antagonistic Effects in Murine Model of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1681-1699. [PMID: 36881331 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal dysbiosis advocates burgeoning of devious human vaginal pathobionts like Candida species that possess multiple virulence properties and metabolic flexibility to cause infections. Inevitably, antifungal resistance may emerge due to their innate nature (e.g., biofilm formation), which assists in their virulence as well as the formation of persister cells after dispersal. In consequence, the phenomenon of biofilm involvement in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and its recurrence is becoming paramount. Lactic acid bacteria and their derivatives have proven to be hostile to Candida species. Here, we throw more light on the potency of the derivatives, i.e., cell-free supernatant (CFS) produced by an indigenously isolated vaginal Lactobacillus strain, Limosilactobacillus reuteri 29A. In the present study, we investigated the antibiofilm and antagonistic effects of L. reuteri 29A CFS, against biofilms of Candida species and in murine model of vulvovaginal candidiasis. In our in vitro biofilm study, the CFS disrupted and inhibited preformed biofilms of C. albicans and C. glabrata. Scanning electron microscopy displayed the destruction of preformed biofilms and impediment of C. albicans morphogenesis by the CFS. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed multiple key compounds that may act singly or synergistically. In vivo, the CFS showed no collateral damage to uninfected mice; the integrity of infected vaginal tissues was restored by the administration of the CFS as seen from the cytological, histopathological, and electron microscopical analyses. The results of this study document the potential use of CFS as an adjuvant or prophylactic option in addressing vaginal fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Boahen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400 UPM, Malaysia
| | - Shu Yih Chew
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology Division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Vasantha Kumari Neela
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400 UPM, Malaysia
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400 UPM, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
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27
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Firdous SO, Sagor MMH, Arafat MT. Advances in Transdermal Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides for Wound Management: Biomaterial-Based Approaches and Future Perspectives. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37976446 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), distinguished by their cationic and amphiphilic nature, represent a critical frontier in the battle against antimicrobial resistance due to their potent antimicrobial activity and a broad spectrum of action. However, the clinical translation of AMPs faces hurdles, including their susceptibility to degradation, limited bioavailability, and the need for targeted delivery. Transdermal delivery has immense potential for optimizing AMP administration for wound management. Leveraging the skin's accessibility and barrier properties, transdermal delivery offers a noninvasive approach that can circumvent systemic side effects and ensure sustained release. Biomaterial-based delivery systems, encompassing nanofibers, hydrogels, nanoparticles, and liposomes, have emerged as key players in enhancing the efficacy of transdermal AMP delivery. These biomaterial carriers not only shield AMPs from enzymatic degradation but also provide controlled release mechanisms, thereby elevating stability and bioavailability. The synergistic interaction between the transdermal approach and biomaterial-facilitated formulations presents a promising strategy to overcome the multifaceted challenges associated with AMP delivery. Integrating advanced technologies and personalized medicine, this convergence allows the reimagining of wound care. This review amalgamates insights to propose a pathway where AMPs, transdermal delivery, and biomaterial innovation harmonize for effective wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Omara Firdous
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehadi Hassan Sagor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - M Tarik Arafat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
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28
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Sneideris T, Erkamp NA, Ausserwöger H, Saar KL, Welsh TJ, Qian D, Katsuya-Gaviria K, Johncock MLLY, Krainer G, Borodavka A, Knowles TPJ. Targeting nucleic acid phase transitions as a mechanism of action for antimicrobial peptides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7170. [PMID: 37935659 PMCID: PMC10630377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which combat bacterial infections by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane or interacting with intracellular targets, are naturally produced by a number of different organisms, and are increasingly also explored as therapeutics. However, the mechanisms by which AMPs act on intracellular targets are not well understood. Using machine learning-based sequence analysis, we identified a significant number of AMPs that have a strong tendency to form liquid-like condensates in the presence of nucleic acids through phase separation. We demonstrate that this phase separation propensity is linked to the effectiveness of the AMPs in inhibiting transcription and translation in vitro, as well as their ability to compact nucleic acids and form clusters with bacterial nucleic acids in bacterial cells. These results suggest that the AMP-driven compaction of nucleic acids and modulation of their phase transitions constitute a previously unrecognised mechanism by which AMPs exert their antibacterial effects. The development of antimicrobials that target nucleic acid phase transitions may become an attractive route to finding effective and long-lasting antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Sneideris
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nadia A Erkamp
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannes Ausserwöger
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kadi L Saar
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timothy J Welsh
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daoyuan Qian
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kai Katsuya-Gaviria
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margaret L L Y Johncock
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georg Krainer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Borodavka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK.
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Ave, Cambridge, UK.
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29
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Barman P, Sharma C, Joshi S, Sharma S, Maan M, Rishi P, Singla N, Saini A. In Vivo Acute Toxicity and Therapeutic Potential of a Synthetic Peptide, DP1 in a Staphylococcus aureus Infected Murine Wound Excision Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10176-1. [PMID: 37910332 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections at the surgical sites are one of the most prevalent skin infections that impair the healing mechanism. They account for about 20% of all types of infections and lead to approximately 75% of surgical-site infection-associated mortality. Several antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, quinolones, penicillin, sulfonamides, etc., that are used to treat such wound infections not only counter infections but also disrupt the normal flora. Moreover, antibiotics, when used for a prolonged duration, may impair the formation of new blood vessels, delay collagen production, or inhibit the migration of certain cells involved in wound repair, leading to an impaired healing process. Therefore, there is a dire need for alternate therapeutic approaches against such infections. Antimicrobial peptides have gained considerable attention as a promising strategy to counter these pathogens and prevent the spread of infection. Recently, we have reported a designed peptide, DP1, and its broad-spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, in vivo acute toxicity of DP1 was evaluated and even at a high dose (20 mg/kg body weight) of DP1, a 100% survival of mice was observed. Subsequently, a Staphylococcus aureus-infected murine wound excision model was established to assess the wound healing efficacy of DP1. The study revealed significant wound healing vis-a-vis attenuated S. aureus bioburden at the wound site and also controlled the oxidative stress depicting anti-oxidant activity as well. Healing of the infected wounds was also verified by histopathological examination. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that DP1 improves wound resolution despite infections and promotes the healing mechanism. Hence, DP1 holds compelling potential as a novel antimicrobial drug that requires further explorations in clinical platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchali Barman
- Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Chakshu Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Shubhi Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Mayank Maan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Praveen Rishi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India
| | - Avneet Saini
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India.
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30
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Kalimuthu S, Pudipeddi A, Braś G, Tanner JA, Rapala-Kozik M, Leung YY, Neelakantan P. A heptadeca amino acid peptide subunit of cathelicidin LL-37 has previously unreported antifungal activity. APMIS 2023; 131:584-600. [PMID: 37150907 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Yeasts such as Candida albicans, albeit being ubiquitous members of the skin, oral and vaginal microbiome, can cause superficial to life-threatening infections. Human cathelicidin LL-37-based peptides have antibacterial activity and yet, their antifungal activity remains to be thoroughly characterized. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the activity of LL-37-based peptides against C. albicans. LL-37 and its derivatives were tested for their ability to kill C. albicans planktonic cells in the presence of various biological matrices (serum, plasma, saliva and urine), that have been reported to inactivate peptides. The antibiofilm activity, resistance development and biocompatibility were investigated for the lead peptide. GK-17, a 17 amino acid peptide, showed remarkable stability to fungal aspartyl proteases and rapidly killed planktonic C. albicans despite the presence of biological matrices. GK-17 also inhibited adhesion to biotic and abiotic substrates, inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated preformed biofilms in the presence of biological matrices. Compared to nystatin, GK-17 had a lower propensity to allow for resistance development by C. albicans. The peptide showed concentration-dependent biocompatibility to red blood cells, with only 30% hemolysis even at 4× the fungicidal concentration. Taken together, GK-17 is a novel antifungal peptide with promising effects against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthini Kalimuthu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Akhila Pudipeddi
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Grażyna Braś
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Julian A Tanner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Maria Rapala-Kozik
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Yiu Yan Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR
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Chandran A, Priya PS, Meenatchi R, Vaishnavi S, Pavithra V, Ajith Kumar TT, Arockiaraj J. Insights into molecular aspects of pathogenesis and disease management in acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND): An updated review. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109138. [PMID: 37802265 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector that makes a significant economic contribution. However, the aquaculture industry is confronted with significant challenges, and infectious diseases, notably Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), have emerged as severe threat. AHPND is caused by pathogens carrying the pVA-1 plasmid, which expresses the PirAB toxin, and it has wreaked havoc in shrimp aquaculture, imposing substantial economic burdens. To address this issue, it is crucial to delve into shrimp's immune responses. Therefore, this comprehensive review offers an in-depth examination of AHPND outbreaks, encompassing various facets such as environmental factors, host susceptibility, and the mechanisms employed by the pathogens. Traditional approaches to combat AHPND, primarily relying on chemicals and antibiotics, have raised concerns related to antibiotic resistance and have demonstrated limited success in disease control. Hence this review spotlights recent advancements in molecular diagnostics, therapeutic agents, and research related to shrimp immunity. Understanding these developments is crucial in the ongoing battle against AHPND. In conclusion, this review underscores the pressing need to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of AHPND pathogenesis and emphasizes the importance of developing comprehensive and effective solutions to combat this devastating disease, which continues to threaten the sustainability of shrimp farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirami Chandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Snega Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramu Meenatchi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Vaishnavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Pavithra
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulatur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Hammouti Y, Elbouzidi A, Taibi M, Bellaouchi R, Loukili EH, Bouhrim M, Noman OM, Mothana RA, Ibrahim MN, Asehraou A, El Guerrouj B, Addi M. Screening of Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Properties of Juncus acutus from Northeastern Morocco. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2135. [PMID: 38004275 PMCID: PMC10672446 DOI: 10.3390/life13112135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Juncus acutus, acknowledged through its indigenous nomenclature "samar", is part of the Juncaceae taxonomic lineage, bearing considerable import as a botanical reservoir harboring conceivable therapeutic attributes. Its historical precedence in traditional curative methodologies for the alleviation of infections and inflammatory conditions is notable. In the purview of Eastern traditional medicine, Juncus species seeds find application for their remedial efficacy in addressing diarrhea, while the botanical fruits are subjected to infusion processes targeting the attenuation of symptoms associated with cold manifestations. The primary objective of this study was to unravel the phytochemical composition of distinct constituents within J. acutus, specifically leaves (JALE) and roots (JARE), originating from the indigenous expanse of the Nador region in northeastern Morocco. The extraction of plant constituents was executed utilizing an ethanol-based extraction protocol. The subsequent elucidation of chemical constituents embedded within the extracts was accomplished employing analytical techniques based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For the purpose of in vitro antioxidant evaluation, a dual approach was adopted, encompassing the radical scavenging technique employing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay. The acquired empirical data showcase substantial radical scavenging efficacy and pronounced relative antioxidant activity. Specifically, the DPPH and TAC methods yielded values of 483.45 ± 4.07 µg/mL and 54.59 ± 2.44 µg of ascorbic acid (AA)/mL, respectively, for the leaf extracts. Correspondingly, the root extracts demonstrated values of 297.03 ± 43.3 µg/mL and 65.615 ± 0.54 µg of AA/mL for the DPPH and TAC methods. In the realm of antimicrobial evaluation, the assessment of effects was undertaken through the agar well diffusion technique. The minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration were determined for each extract. The inhibitory influence of the ethanol extracts was observed across bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the notable exception of Escherichia coli. However, fungal strains such as Candida glabrata and Rhodotorula glutinis exhibited comparatively lower resistance, whereas Aspergillus niger and Penicillium digitatum exhibited heightened resistance, evincing negligible antifungal activity. An anticipatory computational assessment of pharmacokinetic parameters was conducted, complemented by the application of the Pro-tox II web tool to delineate the potential toxicity profile of compounds intrinsic to the studied extracts. The culmination of these endeavors underpins the conceivable prospects of the investigated extracts as promising candidates for oral medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Hammouti
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (Y.H.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (B.E.G.)
| | - Amine Elbouzidi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (Y.H.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (B.E.G.)
| | - Mohamed Taibi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (Y.H.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (B.E.G.)
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Reda Bellaouchi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (R.B.); (A.A.)
| | - El Hassania Loukili
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.N.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.N.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Mansour N. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (R.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Bouchra El Guerrouj
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (Y.H.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (B.E.G.)
- Centre de l’Oriental des Sciences et Technologies de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (COSTEE), Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (Y.H.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (B.E.G.)
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Secker B, Shaw S, Atterbury RJ. Pseudomonas spp. in Canine Otitis Externa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2650. [PMID: 38004662 PMCID: PMC10673570 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine otitis externa (OE) is a commonly diagnosed condition seen in veterinary practice worldwide. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the disease, with a particular focus on the biological characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the impact that antibiotic resistance has on successful recovery from OE. We also consider potential alternatives to antimicrobial chemotherapy for the treatment of recalcitrant infections. P. aeruginosa is not a typical constituent of the canine ear microbiota, but is frequently isolated from cases of chronic OE, and the nature of this pathogen often makes treatment difficult. Biofilm formation is identified in 40-95% of P. aeruginosa from cases of OE and intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, especially resistance to clinically important antibiotics, highlights the need for alternative treatments. The role of other virulence factors in OE remains relatively unexplored and further work is needed. The studies described in this work highlight several potential alternative treatments, including the use of bacteriophages. This review provides a summary of the aetiology of OE with particular reference to the dysbiosis that leads to colonisation by P. aeruginosa and highlights the need for novel treatments for the future management of P. aeruginosa otitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Secker
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK; (B.S.); (S.S.)
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Stephen Shaw
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK; (B.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Robert J. Atterbury
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK; (B.S.); (S.S.)
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34
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Thanasak J, Roytrakul S, Toniti W, Jaresitthikunchai J, Phaonakrop N, Thaisakun S, Charoenlappanit S, Surarit R, Sirimanapong W. The investigation of antibacterial properties of peptides and protein hydrolysates derived from serum of Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292947. [PMID: 37851665 PMCID: PMC10584125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the Asian water monitors or Varanus salvator are both scavengers and predators. They can live and survive in the place that exposed to harmful microorganisms. Most people believe that they have some protected mechanisms to confront those infections. The aim of this study is to determine the antibacterial activities of crude peptides and protein hydrolysates extracted from serum of the Varanus salvator. Ten types of bacteria were cultured with crude peptides and protein hydrolysates which were isolated from 21 Varanus salvator's serum. The crude peptides showed some interested inhibition percentages against Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048 = 25.6%, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC19606 = 33.4%, Burkholderia cepacia ATCC25416 = 35.3% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 = 25.8%, whereas the protein hydrolysates had some inhibition potential on Burkholderia cepacia ATCC25416 = 24.3%. For the rest results of other tests were below 20% of inhibition. In addition, the evidences show that crude peptides have better antibacterial performances significantly than protein hydrolysates on most tested bacteria. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides prediction shows about 10 percent hit (41/432 sequences). The interpretation shows that the best hit sequence is highly hydrophobic. It may destroy outer membrane of Gram-negative hence prevents the invasion of those bacteria. Altogether, bioinformatics and experiments show similar trends of antimicrobial peptide efficacy from Varanus salvator. Further studies need to be conducted on peptide purification and antimicrobial peptide candidate should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitkamol Thanasak
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Waraphan Toniti
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Janthima Jaresitthikunchai
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Thaisakun
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sawanya Charoenlappanit
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Rudee Surarit
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanna Sirimanapong
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Nagaria TD, Shinde RK, Shukla S, Acharya S, Acharya N, Jogdand SD. The Sunlight-Vitamin D Connection: Implications for Patient Outcomes in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit. Cureus 2023; 15:e46819. [PMID: 37954702 PMCID: PMC10636290 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate relationship between Vitamin D and patient outcomes in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU). Vitamin D, known for its multifaceted roles in immune modulation, inflammation regulation, and maintenance of calcium homeostasis, emerges as a pivotal factor in the care of critically ill patients. Our exploration reveals a high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in the SICU, primarily attributable to limited sunlight exposure, comorbidities, and medication use. Importantly, Vitamin D status impacts infection rates, mortality, and length of stay in the SICU, making it a clinically relevant consideration. Mechanistic insights into the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of Vitamin D shed light on its potential benefits in critical care. However, challenges, including accurate assessment, individualised supplementation, and ethical considerations regarding sunlight exposure, are evident. The prospect of personalised Vitamin D supplementation strategies offers promise for optimising patient care. In conclusion, the Sunlight-Vitamin D Connection holds significant potential to improve outcomes in the SICU, emphasising the importance of further research and tailored approaches for the well-being of critically ill individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapesh D Nagaria
- General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Raju K Shinde
- General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Samarth Shukla
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Neema Acharya
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sangita D Jogdand
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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36
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Guo L, Tang M, Luo S, Zhou X. Screening and Functional Analyses of Novel Cecropins from Insect Transcriptome. INSECTS 2023; 14:794. [PMID: 37887806 PMCID: PMC10607850 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a significant and growing threat to global public health. However, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have shown promise as they exhibit a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities with low potential for resistance development. Insects, which inhabit a wide range of environments and are incredibly diverse, remain largely unexplored as a source of novel AMPs. To address this, we conducted a screening of the representative transcriptomes from the 1000 Insect Transcriptome Evolution (1KITE) dataset, focusing on the homologous reference genes of Cecropins, the first identified AMPs in insects known for its high efficiency. Our analysis identified 108 Cecropin genes from 105 insect transcriptomes, covering all major hexapod lineages. We validated the gene sequences and synthesized mature peptides for three identified Cecropin genes. Through minimal inhibition concentration and agar diffusion assays, we confirmed that these peptides exhibited antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria. Similar to the known Cecropin, the three Cecropins adopted an alpha-helical conformation in membrane-like environments, efficiently disrupting bacterial membranes through permeabilization. Importantly, none of the three Cecropins demonstrated cytotoxicity in erythrocyte hemolysis tests, suggesting their safety in real-world applications. Overall, this newly developed methodology provides a high-throughput bioinformatic pipeline for the discovery of AMP, taking advantage of the expanding genomic resources available for diverse organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Guo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.G.); (M.T.)
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.G.); (M.T.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shiqi Luo
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.G.); (M.T.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.G.); (M.T.)
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, China
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37
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Wu L, Du X, Lu X. Role of telitacicept in the treatment of IgA nephropathy. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:369. [PMID: 37737205 PMCID: PMC10515419 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world, and up to 40% of patients with IgAN develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD). At present, an increasing amount of evidence indicates that the pathogenesis of IgAN is related to autoimmunity. In recent years, several studies have shown that B cell activating factors (BAFF), also known as B lymphocyte stimulators (BLyS), and proliferation-inducing ligand APRIL are extremely important for the activation of autoimmune signalling pathways, which have become key targets for the treatment of IgAN. As a dual-target biological agent, telitacicept can inhibit both BLyS and APRIL cytokines, improve the function of renal immune complexes, and reduce haematuria and proteinuria, which play important roles in IgAN pathogenesis and long-term prognosis. This article reviews the role of telitacicept in IgA nephropathy and discusses its potential for use in the treatment of IgAN and other autoimmune diseases where pathogenesis is driven by B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Xinru Du
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Xuehong Lu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University Nephropathy of Internal Medicine, Changchun, 130022 China
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38
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Sebők C, Tráj P, Mackei M, Márton RA, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Modulation of the immune response by the host defense peptide IDR-1002 in chicken hepatic cell culture. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14530. [PMID: 37666888 PMCID: PMC10477227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IDR-1002, a synthetic host defense peptide (HDP), appears to be a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections and the consequent inflammatory response due to its potent immunomodulatory activity. This is of relevance to the emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance in the farming sector. In this study, the effects of IDR-1002 were investigated on a chicken hepatocyte‒non-parenchymal cell co-culture, and the results revealed that IDR-1002 had complex effects on the regulation of the hepatic innate immunity. IDR-1002 increased the levels of both RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), suggesting the peptide plays a role in the modulation of macrophage differentiation, also reflected by the reduced concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. The pro-inflammatory cytokine release triggered by the bacterial cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was ameliorated by the concomitantly applied IDR-1002 based on the levels of IL-6, chicken chemotactic and angiogenic factor (CXCLi2) and interferon (IFN)-γ. Moreover, the production of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an essential transcription factor in the antioxidant defense pathway, was increased after IDR-1002 exposure, while protein carbonyl (PC) levels were also elevated. These findings suggest that IDR-1002 affects the interplay of the cellular immune response and redox homeostasis, thus the peptide represents a promising tool in the treatment of bacterially induced inflammation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
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Ye X, Wang J, Xu P, Yang X, Shi Q, Liu G, Bai Z, Zhou C, Ma L. Peptide MSI-1 inhibited MCR-1 and regulated outer membrane vesicles to combat immune evasion of Escherichia coli. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1755-1773. [PMID: 37329166 PMCID: PMC10443334 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymyxin resistance is conferred by MCR-1 (mobile colistin resistance 1)-induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modification of G- bacteria. However, the peptide MSI-1 exerts potent antimicrobial activity against mcr-1-carrying bacteria. To further investigate the potential role of MCR-1 in improving bacterial virulence and facilitating immune evasion, and the immunomodulatory effect of peptide MSI-1, we first explored outer membrane vesicle (OMV) alterations of mcr-1-carrying bacteria in the presence and absence of sub-MIC MSI-1, and host immune activation during bacterial infection and OMV stimulation. Our results demonstrated that LPS remodelling induced by MCR-1 negatively affected OMV formation and protein cargo by E. coli. In addition, MCR-1 diminished LPS-stimulated pyroptosis but facilitated mitochondrial dysfunction, further aggravating apoptosis in macrophages induced by OMVs of E. coli. Similarly, TLR4-mediated NF-κB activation was markedly alleviated once LPS was modified by MCR-1. However, peptide MSI-1 at the sub-MIC level inhibited the expression of MCR-1, further partly rescuing OMV alteration and attenuation of immune responses in the presence of MCR-1 during both infection and OMV stimulation, which can be exploited for anti-infective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Pengfei Xu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Qixue Shi
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Genyan Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer ResearchThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Changlin Zhou
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Lingman Ma
- School of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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40
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Machado M, Silva S, Costa EM. Are Antimicrobial Peptides a 21st-Century Solution for Atopic Dermatitis? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13460. [PMID: 37686269 PMCID: PMC10488019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is the result of various environmental, bacterial and genetic stimuli, which culminate in the disruption of the skin's barrier function. Characterized by highly pruritic skin lesions, xerosis and an array of comorbidities among which skin infections are the most common, this condition results in both a significant loss of quality of life and in the need for life-long treatments (e.g., corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies and regular antibiotic intake), all of which may have harmful secondary effects. This, in conjunction with AD's rising prevalence, made the development of alternative treatment strategies the focus of both the scientific community and the pharmaceutical industry. Given their potential to both manage the skin microbiome, fight infections and even modulate the local immune response, the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from more diverse origins has become one of the most promising alternative solutions for AD management, with some being already used with some success towards this end. However, their production and use also exhibit some limitations. The current work seeks to compile the available information and provide a better understanding of the state of the art in the understanding of AMPs' true potential in addressing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Silva
- CBQF Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo M. Costa
- CBQF Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
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41
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Townsend JA, Fapohunda O, Wang Z, Pham H, Taylor MT, Kloss B, Park SH, Opella S, Aspinwall CA, Marty MT. Differences in Oligomerization of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein, Poliovirus VP4, and HIV Vpu. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.18.553902. [PMID: 37645758 PMCID: PMC10462163 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.18.553902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Viroporins constitute a class of viral membrane proteins with diverse roles in the viral life cycle. They can self-assemble and form pores within the bilayer that transport substrates, such as ions and genetic material, that are critical to the viral infection cycle. However, there is little known about the oligomeric state of most viroporins. Here, we use native mass spectrometry (MS) in detergent micelles to uncover the patterns of oligomerization of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein, poliovirus VP4, and HIV Vpu. Our data suggest that the E protein is a specific dimer, VP4 is exclusively monomeric, and Vpu assembles into a polydisperse mixture of oligomers under these conditions. Overall, these results revealed the diversity in the oligomerization of viroporins, which has implications for mechanisms of their biological functions as well as their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Fapohunda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Hieu Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Michael T. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Brian Kloss
- New York Consortium on Membrane Protein Structure, New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sang Ho Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stanley Opella
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Craig A. Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Michael T. Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Marín-Palma D, Fernandez GJ, Ruiz-Saenz J, Taborda NA, Rugeles MT, Hernandez JC. Particulate matter impairs immune system function by up-regulating inflammatory pathways and decreasing pathogen response gene expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12773. [PMID: 37550362 PMCID: PMC10406897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter produced by industrial sources and automobiles has been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and it is known to be recognized by cells of the immune system. The molecular mechanisms and changes in gene expression profiles induced in immune cells by PM have not been fully mapped out or systematically integrated. Here, we use RNA-seq to analyze mRNA profiles of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exposure to coarse particulate matter (PM10). Our analyses showed that PM10 was able to reprogram the expression of 1,196 genes in immune cells, including activation of a proinflammatory state with an increase in cytokines and chemokines. Activation of the IL-36 signaling pathway and upregulation of chemokines involved in neutrophil and monocyte recruitment suggest mechanisms for inflammation upon PM exposure, while NK cell-recruiting chemokines are repressed. PM exposure also increases transcription factors associated with inflammatory pathways (e.g., JUN, RELB, NFKB2, etc.) and reduces expression of RNases and pathogen response genes CAMP, DEFAs, AZU1, APOBEC3A and LYZ. Our analysis across gene regulatory and signaling pathways suggests that PM plays a role in the dysregulation of immune cell functions, relevant for antiviral responses and general host defense against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damariz Marín-Palma
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia-UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julian Ruiz-Saenz
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Natalia A Taborda
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Campus Medellín-Envigado, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria T Rugeles
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
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43
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Aida A, Yuswan K, Kawai Y, Hasegawa K, Nakajima YI, Kuranaga E. Drosophila innate immunity suppresses the survival of xenografted mammalian tumor cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12334. [PMID: 37518191 PMCID: PMC10387472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) is an emerging tool established in immunodeficient vertebrate models to assess individualized treatments for cancer patients. Current xenograft models are deficient in adaptive immune systems. However, the precise role of the innate immunity in the xenograft models is unknown. With conserved signaling pathways and established genetic tools, Drosophila has contributed to the understanding of the mechanism of tumor growth as well as tumor-host interactions for decades, making it a promising candidate model for studying whether or not the hosts' innate immunity can accommodate transplanted human tumor cells. Here we show initial observations that assess the behavior and impact of several human tumor cell lines when transplanted into Drosophila. We found that some injected cell lines persisted for a longer duration and reduced hosts' lifespan. In particular, the human lung cancer cell line A549 were observed adjacent to the fly host tissues. We examined two factors that affect the survivability of cancer cells: (1) the optimal temperature of each cell line and (2) the innate immunity of Drosophila hosts. Especially, transplanted human tumor cells survived longer in immunodeficient flies, suggesting that the host innate immune system impedes the growth of xenografted cells. Our attempts for xenografting fly models thus provide necessary steps to overcome for establishing PDX cancer models using invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Aida
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kevin Yuswan
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawai
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Keita Hasegawa
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Nakajima
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Erina Kuranaga
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8304, Japan.
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Chakraborty S, Katsifis G, Roohani I, Boyer C, McKenzie D, Willcox MDP, Chen R, Kumar N. Electrostatic and Covalent Binding of an Antibacterial Polymer to Hydroxyapatite for Protection against Escherichia coli Colonization. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5045. [PMID: 37512322 PMCID: PMC10385198 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Orthopedic-device-related infections are notorious for causing physical and psychological trauma to patients suffering from them. Traditional methods of treating these infections have relied heavily on antibiotics and are becoming ineffectual due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Mimics of antimicrobial peptides have emerged as exciting alternatives due to their favorable antibacterial properties and lack of propensity for generating resistant bacteria. In this study, the efficacy of an antibacterial polymer as a coating material for hydroxyapatite and glass surfaces, two materials with wide ranging application in orthopedics and the biomedical sciences, is demonstrated. Both physical and covalent modes of attachment of the polymer to these materials were explored. Polymer attachment to the material surfaces was confirmed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. The modified surfaces exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, and the activity was retained for a prolonged period on the surfaces of the covalently modified materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgio Katsifis
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Iman Roohani
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David McKenzie
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Renxun Chen
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Robledo SM, Pérez-Silanes S, Fernández-Rubio C, Poveda A, Monzote L, González VM, Alonso-Collado P, Carrión J. Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Advances in the Development of Cell-Penetrating and Antimicrobial Peptides against Leishmaniosis and Chagas Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:939. [PMID: 37513786 PMCID: PMC10383258 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the WHO established the road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030, which aims to control and eradicate 20 diseases, including leishmaniosis and Chagas disease. In addition, since 2015, the WHO has been developing a Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. In this context, the achievement of innovative strategies as an alternative to replace conventional therapies is a first-order socio-sanitary priority, especially regarding endemic zoonoses in poor regions, such as those caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. infections. In this scenario, it is worth highlighting a group of natural peptide molecules (AMPs and CPPs) that are promising strategies for improving therapeutic efficacy against these neglected zoonoses, as they avoid the development of toxicity and resistance of conventional treatments. This review presents the novelties of these peptide molecules and their ability to cross a whole system of cell membranes as well as stimulate host immune defenses or even serve as vectors of molecules. The efforts of the biotechnological sector will make it possible to overcome the limitations of antimicrobial peptides through encapsulation and functionalization methods to obtain approval for these treatments to be used in clinical programs for the eradication of leishmaniosis and Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Robledo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Poveda
- DNA Replication and Genome Instability Unit, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud Pública (GIBCIZ), Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis-CIZ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", Apartado Postal No. 601, Marianao 13, La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Víctor M González
- Grupo de Aptámeros, Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo Km. 9.100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Collado
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Carrión
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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46
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Abril-Parreño L, Druart X, Fair S, Krogenaes A. Metabolic signature of cervical mucus in ewe breeds with divergent cervical sperm transport: a focus on metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism. Metabolomics 2023; 19:59. [PMID: 37338596 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed semen in sheep has yielded unacceptably low pregnancy rates. The exception is in Norway where vaginal AI yields non-return rates in excess of 60%, which has been attributed to the ewe breed used. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS This study aimed to characterise, for the first time, the ovine follicular phase cervical mucus metabolome, with a focus on the amino acid profile. Cervical mucus was collected from four European ewe breeds with known differences in pregnancy rates following cervical AI with frozen-thawed semen. These were Suffolk (low fertility), Belclare (medium fertility), Norwegian White Sheep (NWS) and Fur (both high fertility). RESULTS A total of 689 metabolites were identified in the cervical mucus of all the four ewe breeds. Of these, 458 metabolites were altered by ewe breed, which had the greatest effect in the dataset (P < 0.05). We detected 194 metabolites involved in the amino acid pathway, of which 133, 56 and 63 were affected by ewe breed, type of cycle and their interaction, respectively (P < 0.05). N-methylhydantoin and N-carbamoylsarcosine (degradation products of creatinine pathway) exhibited the greatest fold change decrease in the Suffolk breed compared to Fur and NWS (P < 0.001). Oxidized metabolites were also decreased in Suffolk compared to high fertility breeds (P < 0.05). In contrast, other metabolites such as 3-indoxyl-sulfate, putrescine, cadaverine were significantly increased in Suffolk at the synchronised cycle. CONCLUSION The suboptimal amino acid profile in the cervical mucus of the low fertility Suffolk breed may have negative consequences for sperm transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abril-Parreño
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Biomaterials Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Xavier Druart
- Station de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 6175 INRA, CNRS-Université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sean Fair
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Biomaterials Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Anette Krogenaes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 5003 1432, Ås, Norway.
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47
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Yang M, Dong PT, Cen L, Shi W, He X, Li J. Targeting Fusobacterium nucleatum through chemical modifications of host-derived transfer RNA fragments. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:880-890. [PMID: 37005460 PMCID: PMC10202947 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Host mucosal barriers possess an arsenal of defense molecules to maintain host-microbe homeostasis such as antimicrobial peptides and immunoglobulins. In addition to these well-established defense molecules, we recently reported small RNAs (sRNAs)-mediated interactions between human oral keratinocytes and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), an oral pathobiont with increasing implications in extra-oral diseases. Specifically, upon Fn infection, oral keratinocytes released Fn-targeting tRNA-derived sRNAs (tsRNAs), an emerging class of noncoding sRNAs with gene regulatory functions. To explore potential antimicrobial activities of tsRNAs, we chemically modify the nucleotides of the Fn-targeting tsRNAs and demonstrate that the resultant tsRNA derivatives, termed MOD-tsRNAs, exhibit growth inhibitory effect against various Fn type strains and clinical tumor isolates without any delivery vehicle in the nanomolar concentration range. In contrast, the same MOD-tsRNAs do not inhibit other representative oral bacteria. Further mechanistic studies uncover the ribosome-targeting functions of MOD-tsRNAs in inhibiting Fn. Taken together, our work provides an engineering approach to targeting pathobionts through co-opting host-derived extracellular tsRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pu-Ting Dong
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lujia Cen
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA.
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48
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Biswas S, Sarojini S, Jayaram S, Philip I, Umesh M, Mascarenhas R, Pappuswamy M, Balasubramanian B, Arokiyaraj S. Understanding the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promoting Autoimmune Disorders. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1307. [PMID: 37374090 DOI: 10.3390/life13061307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AMPs are small oligopeptides acting as integral elements of the innate immune system and are of tremendous potential in the medical field owing to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. They offer a multitude of immunomodulatory properties such as immune cell differentiation, inflammatory responses, cytokine production, and chemoattraction. Aberrancy in neutrophil or epithelial cell-producing AMPs leads to inflammation culminating in various autoimmune responses. In this review, we have tried to explore the role of prominent mammalian AMPs-defensins and cathelicidins, as immune regulators with special emphasis on their role in neutrophil extracellular traps which promotes autoimmune disorders. When complexed with self-DNA or self-RNA, AMPs act as autoantigens which activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells and myeloid dendritic cells leading to the production of interferons and cytokines. These trigger a series of self-directed inflammatory reactions, leading to the emergence of diverse autoimmune disorders. Since AMPs show both anti- and pro-inflammatory abilities in different ADs, there is a dire need for a complete understanding of their role before developing AMP-based therapy for autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Suma Sarojini
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Saranya Jayaram
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Indhu Philip
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Roseanne Mascarenhas
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | | | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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49
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Laberge S, Akoum D, Wlodarczyk P, Massé JD, Fournier D, Semlali A. The Potential Role of Epigenetic Modifications on Different Facets in the Periodontal Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1202. [PMID: 37372382 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of teeth. In the literature, the association between the pathogenicity of bacteria and environmental factors in this regard have been extensively examined. In the present study, we will shed light on the potential role that epigenetic change can play on different facets of its process, more particularly the modifications concerning the genes involved in inflammation, defense, and immune systems. Since the 1960s, the role of genetic variants in the onset and severity of periodontal disease has been widely demonstrated. These make some people more susceptible to developing it than others. It has been documented that the wide variation in its frequency for various racial and ethnic populations is due primarily to the complex interplay among genetic factors with those affecting the environment and the demography. In molecular biology, epigenetic modifications are defined as any change in the promoter for the CpG islands, in the structure of the histone protein, as well as post-translational regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs), being known to contribute to the alteration in gene expression for complex multifactorial diseases such as periodontitis. The key role of epigenetic modification is to understand the mechanism involved in the gene-environment interaction, and the development of periodontitis is now the subject of more and more studies that attempt to identify which factors are stimulating it, but also affect the reduced response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Laberge
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Akoum
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Piotr Wlodarczyk
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Daniel Massé
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Lang H, Wang H, Wang H, Zhong Z, Xie X, Zhang W, Guo J, Meng L, Hu X, Zhang X, Zheng H. Engineered symbiotic bacteria interfering Nosema redox system inhibit microsporidia parasitism in honeybees. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2778. [PMID: 37210527 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is an intracellular parasite invading the midgut of honeybees, which causes serious nosemosis implicated in honeybee colony losses worldwide. The core gut microbiota is involved in protecting against parasitism, and the genetically engineering of the native gut symbionts provides a novel and efficient way to fight pathogens. Here, using laboratory-generated bees mono-associated with gut members, we find that Snodgrassella alvi inhibit microsporidia proliferation, potentially via the stimulation of host oxidant-mediated immune response. Accordingly, N. ceranae employs the thioredoxin and glutathione systems to defend against oxidative stress and maintain a balanced redox equilibrium, which is essential for the infection process. We knock down the gene expression using nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference, which targets the γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase and thioredoxin reductase genes of microsporidia. It significantly reduces the spore load, confirming the importance of the antioxidant mechanism for the intracellular invasion of the N. ceranae parasite. Finally, we genetically modify the symbiotic S. alvi to deliver dsRNA corresponding to the genes involved in the redox system of the microsporidia. The engineered S. alvi induces RNA interference and represses parasite gene expression, thereby inhibits the parasitism significantly. Specifically, N. ceranae is most suppressed by the recombinant strain corresponding to the glutathione synthetase or by a mixture of bacteria expressing variable dsRNA. Our findings extend our previous understanding of the protection of gut symbionts against N. ceranae and provide a symbiont-mediated RNAi system for inhibiting microsporidia infection in honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Lang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Haoqing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaopeng Zhong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbing Xie
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650031, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650031, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Meng
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, 266555, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China.
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