1
|
Lu M, Xu J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wu J, Yang L. In silico mining and identification of a novel lipase from Paenibacillus larvae: Rational protein design for improving catalytic performance. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 179:110472. [PMID: 38889604 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Lipases play a vital role in various biological processes, from lipid metabolism to industrial applications. However, the ever-evolving challenges and diverse substrates necessitate the continual exploration of novel high-performance lipases. In this study, we employed an in silico mining approach to search for lipases with potential high sn-1,3 selectivity and catalytic activity. The identified novel lipase, PLL, from Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae B-3650 exhibited a specific activity of 111.2 ± 5.5 U/mg towards the substrate p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP) and 6.9 ± 0.8 U/mg towards the substrate olive oil when expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Computational design of cysteine mutations was employed to enhance the catalytic performance of PLL. Superior stability was achieved with the mutant K7C/A386C/H159C/K108C (2M3/2M4), showing an increase in melting temperature (Tm) by 1.9°C, a 2.05-fold prolonged half-life at 45°C, and no decrease in enzyme activity. Another mutant, K7C/A386C/A174C/A243C (2M1/2M3), showed a 4.9-fold enhancement in specific activity without compromising stability. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to explore the mechanisms of these two mutants. Mutant 2M3/2M4 forms putative disulfide bonds in the loop region, connecting the N- and C-termini of PLL, thus enhancing overall structural rigidity without impacting catalytic activity. The cysteines introduced in mutant 2M1/2M3 not only form new intramolecular hydrogen bonds but also alter the polarity and volume of the substrate-binding pocket, facilitating the entry of large substrate pNPP. These results highlight an efficient in silico exploration approach for novel lipases, offering a rapid and efficient method for enhancing catalytic performance through rational protein design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Lu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu S, Han P, Wang BT, Jin L, Ruan HH, Jin FJ. Transcriptome-wide analysis of a superior xylan degrading isolate Penicillium oxalicum 5-18 revealed active lignocellulosic degrading genes. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:327. [PMID: 38922442 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biomass raw materials have a high value in energy conversion. Recently, there has been growing interest in using microorganisms to secret a series of enzymes for converting low-cost biomass into high-value products such as biofuels. We previously isolated a strain of Penicillium oxalicun 5-18 with promising lignocellulose-degrading capability. However, the mechanisms of lignocellulosic degradation of this fungus on various substrates are still unclear. In this study, we performed transcriptome-wide profiling and comparative analysis of strain 5-18 cultivated in liquid media with glucose (Glu), xylan (Xyl) or wheat bran (WB) as sole carbon source. In comparison to Glu culture, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced by WB and Xyl was 4134 and 1484, respectively, with 1176 and 868 genes upregulated. Identified DEGs were enriched in many of the same pathways in both comparison groups (WB vs. Glu and Xly vs. Glu). Specially, 118 and 82 CAZyme coding genes were highly upregulated in WB and Xyl cultures, respectively. Some specific pathways including (Hemi)cellulose metabolic processes were enriched in both comparison groups. The high upregulation of these genes also confirmed the ability of strain 5-18 to degrade lignocellulose. Co-expression and co-upregulated of genes encoding CE and AA CAZy families, as well as other (hemi)cellulase revealed a complex degradation strategy in this strain. Our findings provide new insights into critical genes, key pathways and enzyme arsenal involved in the biomass degradation of P. oxalicum 5-18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Hu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Han
- Key Laboratory of Space Utilization, Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Teng Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Hua Ruan
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng-Jie Jin
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khodakarami Fard Z, Shirazinejad A, Mohammadi M, Hashemi SMB. Molecular Cloning of the Extracellular Lipases of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Isolated from Agrifood Wastes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 22:e3797. [PMID: 39220339 PMCID: PMC11364930 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2024.417315.3797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The lipase enzyme (EC: 3.1.1.3) is one of the most important catalysts in food, dairy, detergent, and textile industries. Objective This study was performed to identify, isolate and characterize of lipase producing bacterial strain from agrifood wastes and to identify and characterize of their lipase genes. Materials and Methods In the present study, two lipase-producing isolates were identified from the effluent of Golbahar meat products and Soveyda vegetable oil factories using in silico and in vitro approaches. Results The results of morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterizations showed that both lipase-producing isolates belong to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens species. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the results of phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular characterizations. The results showed differences between LipA and LipB in the Golbahar and Soveyda isolates. Three different amino acids (residues 14, 100, and 165) were observed in LipA and one different amino acid (residue 102) was detected in LipB extracellular lipases. The protein molecular weight of the two extracted lipases ranged from 20 to 25 kDa. The identified extracellular lipases also had different physicochemical features. The maximum lipase activity of the Golbahar and Soveyda isolates was observed at 45 °C and at the pH of 8, but the Golbahar isolates exhibited higher lipase activity compared to the Soveyda isolates. The Golbahar and Soveyda isolates exhibited different activities in the presence of some ions, inhibitors, denaturing agents, and organic solvents and the Golbahar isolates showed better lipase activity than the Soveyda isolates. Conclusions In this study, two extracellular lipase-producing isolates of B. amyloliquefaciens were identified from different food industries, and their characteristics were investigated. The results of various investigations showed that the lipases produced by the Golbahar isolate have better characteristics than the lipases of the Soveyda isolate. The Golbahar lipases have a suitable temperature and pH activity range and maintain their activity in the presence of some ions, inhibitors, denaturing agents, and organic solvents. After further investigation, the Golbahar isolate lipase can be used in various industries. In addition, this lipase can be used enzyme engineering processes and its activity can be arbitrarily changed by targeted mutations. The results of this study can increase our knowledge of extracellular lipases and may turn out to have industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khodakarami Fard
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazinejad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eskandari A, Leow TC, Rahman MBA, Oslan SN. Recent insight into the advances and prospects of microbial lipases and their potential applications in industry. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00498-7. [PMID: 38489100 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes play a crucial role in various industrial sectors. These biocatalysts not only ensure sustainability and safety but also enhance process efficiency through their unique specificity. Lipases possess versatility as biocatalysts and find utilization in diverse bioconversion reactions. Presently, microbial lipases are gaining significant focus owing to the rapid progress in enzyme technology and their widespread implementation in multiple industrial procedures. This updated review presents new knowledge about various origins of microbial lipases, such as fungi, bacteria, and yeast. It highlights both the traditional and modern purification methods, including precipitation and chromatographic separation, the immunopurification technique, the reversed micellar system, the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), and aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF), moreover, delves into the diverse applications of microbial lipases across several industries, such as food, vitamin esters, textile, detergent, biodiesel, and bioremediation. Furthermore, the present research unveils the obstacles encountered in employing lipase, the patterns observed in lipase engineering, and the application of CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology for altering the genes responsible for lipase production. Additionally, the immobilization of microorganisms' lipases onto various carriers also contributes to enhancing the effectiveness and efficiencies of lipases in terms of their catalytic activities. This is achieved by boosting their resilience to heat and ionic conditions (such as inorganic solvents, high-level pH, and temperature). The process also facilitates the ease of recycling them and enables a more concentrated deposition of the enzyme onto the supporting material. Consequently, these characteristics have demonstrated their suitability for application as biocatalysts in diverse industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Eskandari
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Enzyme Technology and X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Nurbaya Oslan
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Enzyme Technology and X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Jiang D, Wang X, Jiang Y, Sun Q, Ling W, An X, Ji C, Li S, Qi Y, Kang B. Spermidine improves the antioxidant capacity and morphology of intestinal tissues and regulates intestinal microorganisms in Sichuan white geese. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1292984. [PMID: 38293560 PMCID: PMC10824853 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1292984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal health is very important to the health of livestock and poultry, and is even a major determining factor in the performance of livestock and poultry production. Spermidine is a type of polyamine that is commonly found in a variety of foods, and can resist oxidative stress, promote cell proliferation and regulate intestinal flora. Methods In this study, we explored the effects of spermidine on intestinal health under physiological states or oxidative stress conditions by irrigation with spermidine and intraperitoneal injection of 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) in Sichuan white goose. Results and discussion Our results showed that spermidine could increase the ratio of intestinal villus to crypt and improve intestinal morphology. In addition, spermidine can also reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation caused by 3-NPA by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzyme activity, thus alleviating intestinal damage. Furthermore, spermidine can regulate intestinal digestive enzyme activities and affect intestinal digestion and absorption ability. Spermidine can also promote an increase in intestinal microbial diversity and abundance and alleviate the change of microflora structure caused by 3-NPA. In conclusion, spermidine promotes the production of beneficial intestinal metabolites such as Wikstromol, Alpha-bisabolol and AS 1-5, thus improving the level of intestinal health. Taken together, these results indicate that spermidine can improve intestinal health by improving intestinal morphology, increasing antioxidant capacity and regulating intestinal flora structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qin M, Wang Z, Liang M, Sha Y, Liu M, Liu J, Wang T, Zhao C, Wang Z, Guo D, Li R. Effects of dietary supplementation with tea polyphenols and probiotics on laying performance, biochemical parameters intestinal morphology and microflora of laying hens. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128368. [PMID: 38029914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of tea polyphenols (TP) and probiotics (PB) on the production performance, biochemical indices, and gut health of laying hens. A total of 400 Hy-line Brown layers (45 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 8 diet groups for 8-week feeding trial. Compared with the control basal diet (CT), dietary high dosage of TP and PB (HTP-PB) increased egg mass (P < 0.05). Supplementation with HTP-PB improved the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content (P < 0.05) without affecting the contents of immunoglobulins in the serum. The combination of HTP and PB supplementation promoted the secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (PROG) compared with treatment with TP or PB alone (P < 0.05). The combined use of HTP and PB induced higher jejunal villus height (VH) than the CT group (P < 0.05). Dietary TP and PB could optimize the functional network of intestinal microflora and the interactions between the intestinal microflora and the host. Therefore, the combined use of the high dosage of TP and PB affected laying performance, improved antioxidant capacity, and promoted intestinal health, which may be associated with regulation of the intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qin
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Zengguang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Mingzhi Liang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Yufen Sha
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Minxiao Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, China; GuangDong Shengdilecun Ecological Food Co., Ltd, Kaiping 529300, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Yantai Municipal Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Chengxin Zhao
- Yantai Jinhai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Yantai 265323, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Duitian Guo
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Nie N, Wang H, Tong Z, Xing H, Zhang Y. Smart enzyme catalysts capable of self-separation by sensing the reaction extent. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 239:115585. [PMID: 37597499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
A smart biocatalyst should dissolve homogeneously for catalysis and recover spontaneously at the end of the reaction. In this study, we present a strategy for preparing self-precipitating enzyme catalysts by exploiting reaction-induced pH decreases, which connect the reaction extent to the catalyst aggregation state. Using poly(methacrylic acid)-functionalized gold nanoparticles as carriers, we construct smart catalysts with three model systems, including the glucose oxidase (GOx)-catalase (CAT) cascade, the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) cascade, and a combination of two lipases. All smart catalysts can self-separate with a nearly 100% recovery efficiency when a certain conversion threshold is reached. The threshold can be adjusted depending on the reaction demand and buffer capacity. By monitoring the optical signals caused by the dissolution/precipitation of smart catalysts, we propose a prototypic automation system that may enable unsupervised batch/fed-batch bioprocessing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ning Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ziyi Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bansal S, Sundararajan S, Shekhawat PK, Singh S, Soni P, Tripathy MK, Ram H. Rice lipases: a conundrum in rice bran stabilization: a review on their impact and biotechnological interventions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:985-1003. [PMID: 37649880 PMCID: PMC10462582 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a primary food and is one of the most important constituents of diets all around the world. Rice bran is a valuable component of rice, containing many oil-soluble vitamins, minerals, and oil. It is known for its ability to improve the economic value of rice. Further, it contains substantial quantities of minerals like potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and antioxidants like tocopherols, tocotrienols, and γ-oryzanol, indicating that rice bran can be utilized effectively against several life-threatening disorders. It is difficult to fully utilize the necessary nutrients due to the presence of lipases in rice bran. These lipases break down lipids, specifically Triacylglycerol, into free fatty acids and glycerol. This review discusses physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, distribution, and activity of lipases in various components of rice seeds. The phylogenetic and gene expression analysis helped to understand the differential expression pattern of lipase genes at different growth phases of rice plant. Further, this review discusses various genetic and biotechnological approaches to decrease lipase activity in rice and other plants, which could potentially prevent the degradation of bran oil. The goal is to establish whether lipases are a major contributor to this issue and to develop rice varieties with improved bran stability. This information sets the stage for upcoming molecular research in this area. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Bansal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Mohali, 140306 India
| | - Sathish Sundararajan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | | | - Shivangi Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Praveen Soni
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur, 302004 India
| | - Manas K. Tripathy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Hasthi Ram
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang W, Hou Z, Chen S, Guo J, Hu J, Yang L, Cai G. Aspergillus oryzae lipase-mediated in vitro enzymatic degradation of poly (2,2′-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate-co-ε-caprolactone). Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
|
10
|
Ali S, Khan SA, Hamayun M, Lee IJ. The Recent Advances in the Utility of Microbial Lipases: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020510. [PMID: 36838475 PMCID: PMC9959473 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are versatile biocatalysts and are used in different bioconversion reactions. Microbial lipases are currently attracting a great amount of attention due to the rapid advancement of enzyme technology and its practical application in a variety of industrial processes. The current review provides updated information on the different sources of microbial lipases, such as fungi, bacteria, and yeast, their classical and modern purification techniques, including precipitation and chromatographic separation, the immunopurification technique, the reversed micellar system, aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF), and the use of microbial lipases in different industries, e.g., the food, textile, leather, cosmetics, paper, and detergent industries. Furthermore, the article provides a critical analysis of lipase-producing microbes, distinguished from the previously published reviews, and illustrates the use of lipases in biosensors, biodiesel production, and tea processing, and their role in bioremediation and racemization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumera Afzal Khan
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (I.-J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cieh NL, Mokhtar MN, Baharuddin AS, Mohammed MAP, Wakisaka M. Progress on Lipase Immobilization Technology in Edible Oil and Fat Modifications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2172427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ng Lin Cieh
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Noriznan Mokhtar
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Processing and Product Development, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azhari Samsu Baharuddin
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Afandi P. Mohammed
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Minato Wakisaka
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rabbani G, Ahmad E, Ahmad A, Khan RH. Structural features, temperature adaptation and industrial applications of microbial lipases from psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic origins. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:822-839. [PMID: 36402388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial lipases are very prominent biocatalysts because of their ability to catalyze a wide variety of reactions in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Here microbial lipases from different origins (psychrophiles, mesophiles, and thermophiles) have been reviewed. This review emphasizes an update of structural diversity in temperature adaptation and industrial applications, of psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic lipases. The microbial origins of lipases are logically dynamic, proficient, and also have an extensive range of industrial uses with the manufacturing of altered molecules. It is therefore of interest to understand the molecular mechanisms of adaptation to temperature in occurring lipases. However, lipases from extremophiles (psychrophiles, and thermophiles) are widely used to design biotransformation reactions with higher yields, fewer byproducts, or useful side products and have been predicted to catalyze those reactions also, which otherwise are not possible with the mesophilic lipases. Lipases as a multipurpose biological catalyst have given a favorable vision in meeting the needs of several industries such as biodiesel, foods, and drinks, leather, textile, detergents, pharmaceuticals, and medicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Rabbani
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim BH, Hwang J, Akoh CC. Liquid microbial lipase – Recent applications and expanded use through immobilization. Curr Opin Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2023.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
14
|
Fermented Black Tea and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota and Obesity: A Mini Review. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation is one of the world’s oldest techniques for food preservation, nutrient enhancement, and alcohol manufacturing. During fermentation, carbohydrates such as glucose and starch are converted into other molecules, such as alcohol and acid, anaerobically through enzymatic action while generating energy for the microorganism or cells involved. Black tea is among the most popular fermented beverages; it is made from the dried tea leaves of the evergreen shrub plant known as Camellia sinensis. The adequate consumption of black tea is beneficial to health as it contains high levels of flavanols, also known as catechins, which act as effective antioxidants and are responsible for protecting the body against the development of illnesses, such as inflammation, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and obesity. The prevalence of obesity is a severe public health concern associated with the incidence of various serious diseases and is now increasing, including in Malaysia. Advances in ‘omic’ research have allowed researchers to identify the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity. This review explores fermented black tea and its correlation with the regulation of the gut microbiota and obesity.
Collapse
|
15
|
Samsonowicz-Górski J, Koszelewski D, Kowalczyk P, Śmigielski P, Hrunyk A, Kramkowski K, Wypych A, Szymczak M, Lizut R, Ostaszewski R. Promiscuous Lipase-Catalyzed Knoevenagel-Phospha-Michael Reaction for the Synthesis of Antimicrobial β-Phosphono Malonates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158819. [PMID: 35955950 PMCID: PMC9368977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An enzymatic route for phosphorous–carbon bond formation was developed by discovering new promiscuous activity of lipase. We reported a new metal-free biocatalytic method for the synthesis of pharmacologically relevant β-phosphonomalononitriles via a lipase-catalyzed one-pot Knoevenagel–phospha–Michael reaction. We carefully analyzed the best conditions for the given reaction: the type of enzyme, temperature, and type of solvent. A series of target compounds was synthesized, with yields ranging from 43% to 93% by enzymatic reaction with Candida cylindracea (CcL) lipase as recyclable and, a few times, reusable catalyst. The advantages of this protocol are excellent yields, mild reaction conditions, low costs, and sustainability. The applicability of the same catalyst in the synthesis of β-phosphononitriles is also described. Further, the obtained compounds were validated as new potential antimicrobial agents with characteristic E. coli bacterial strains. The pivotal role of such a group of phosphonate derivatives on inhibitory activity against selected pathogenic E. coli strains was revealed. The observed results are especially important in the case of the increasing resistance of bacteria to various drugs and antibiotics. The impact of the β-phosphono malonate chemical structure on antimicrobial activity was demonstrated. The crucial role of the substituents attached to the aromatic ring on the inhibitory action against selected pathogenic E. coli strains was revealed. Among tested compounds, four β-phosphonate derivatives showed an antimicrobial activity profile similar to that obtained with currently used antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, bleomycin, and cloxacillin. In addition, the obtained compounds constitute a convenient platform for further chemical functionalization, allowing for a convenient change in their biological activity profile. It should also be noted that the cost of the compounds obtained is low, which may be an attractive alternative to the currently used antimicrobial agents. The observed results are especially important because of the increasing resistance of bacteria to various drugs and antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (P.K.); Tel.: +48-223432012 (D.K.); +48-227653301 (P.K.)
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (P.K.); Tel.: +48-223432012 (D.K.); +48-227653301 (P.K.)
| | - Paweł Śmigielski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anastasiia Hrunyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wypych
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Mateusz Szymczak
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Lizut
- Institute of Mathematics, Informatics and Landscape Architecture, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
An Overview on the Recent Advances in Alternative Solvents as Stabilizers of Proteins and Enzymes. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the use of alternative solvents is increasing, namely ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in diverse fields of knowledge, such as biochemistry, chemistry, chemical engineering, biotechnology and biomedicine. Particularly, when compared to traditional solvents, these alternative solvents have great importance for biomolecules due to the enhanced solubility, structure stability and the biological activity of biomolecules, such as protein and enzymes. Thus, in this review article, the recent developments and efforts on the technological developments carried out with ILs and DESs for the stabilization and activation of proteins and enzymes are provided. The most studied IL- and DES-based formulations for proteins and enzymes are discussed and the molecular mechanisms and interactions related to the increased stability promoted by these alternative solvents are disclosed, while emphasizing their main advantages.
Collapse
|
17
|
Feng L, Ye W, Zhang K, Qu D, Liu W, Wu M, Han J. In vitro Digestion Characteristics of Hydrolyzed Infant Formula and Its Effects on the Growth and Development in Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:912207. [PMID: 35811942 PMCID: PMC9263559 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.912207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant formula, an important food for babies, is convenient and nutritious, and hydrolyzed formulas have attracted much attention due to their non-allergicity. However, it is uncertain whether hydrolyzed formulars cause obesity and other side effects in infants. Herein, three infant formulas, standard (sIF), partially hydrolyzed (pHIF), and extensively hydrolyzed (eHIF), were analyzed in an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model. With increasing degree of hydrolysis, the protein moleculars, and allergenicity of the proteins decreased and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content increased. Moreover, the digestion model solutions quickly digested the small fat globules and proteins in the hydrolyzed formula, allowing it to become electrostatically stable sooner. The eHIF-fed mice presented larger body sizes, and exhibited excellent exploratory and spatial memory abilities in the maze test. Based on villus height and crypt depth histological characterizations and amplicon sequencing, eHIF promoted mouse small intestine development and changed the gut microbiota composition, eventually favoring weight gain. The mouse spleen index showed that long-term infant formula consumption might be detrimental to immune system development, and the weight-bearing swimming test showed that eHIF could cause severe physical strength decline. Therefore, long-term consumption of infant formula, especially eHIF, may have both positive and negative effects on mouse growth and development, and our results might shed light on feeding formula to infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Feng
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ye
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daofeng Qu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Han
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzhong Han,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pan X, Cai Y, Kong L, Xiao C, Zhu Q, Song Z. Probiotic Effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microecological Balance of Laying Hens. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868093. [PMID: 35571886 PMCID: PMC9093703 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on the production performance and intestinal health in laying hens. A total of 32-week-old laying hens (Hyline Brown) were randomly assigned to two dietary groups (10 replicates of 27 laying hens), namely, basal diet and basal diet complemented with 200 g/t B. licheniformis (3.2 × 109 CFU/kg). The trial lasted for 8 weeks, and samples were collected at the last week. Results revealed that B. licheniformis DSM5749 significantly improved laying performance, including an increase in egg production rate and average daily egg yield, and a decrease in the feed-to-egg ratio during the entire 8-week experimental period (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and decreased the IL-1 level in the serum (P < 0.05). In addition, the integrity of intestinal morphology (villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth), tight junctions (ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin), and lipase vitality in the intestine were potentiated by B. licheniformis DSM5749 in laying hens (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P < 0.05) in the cecum. Furthermore, B. licheniformis DSM5749 modulated the microbiota in the cecum of the laying hens, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Prevotella) at the genus level and decreased the relative abundance of potential pathogens (e.g., Desulfovibrio). In conclusion, B. licheniformis DSM5749 can improve laying performance, promote intestinal health, affect the composition of cecal microorganisms, and regulate the intestinal micro-ecological balance, making B. licheniformis a good probiotic candidate for application in the laying hens industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Pan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- College of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Linglian Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chuanpi Xiao
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Qidong Zhu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Noro J, Cavaco-Paulo A, Silva C. Chemical modification of lipases: A powerful tool for activity improvement. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100523. [PMID: 35544709 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The demand for adequate and ecologically acceptable procedures to produce the most differentiated products has been growing in recent decades, with enzymes being excellent examples of the advances achieved so far. Lipases are astonishing catalysts with a vast range of applications including the synthesis of esters, flavours, biodiesel, and polymers. The broad specificity of the substrates, as well as the regio-, stereo-, and enantioselectivity, are the differentiating factors of these enzymes. Structural modification is a current approach to enhance the activity of lipases. Chemical modification of lipases to improve catalytic performance is of great interest considering the increasingly broad fields of application. Together with the physical immobilization onto solid supports, different strategies have been developed to produce catalysts with higher activity and stability. In this review, practical insights into the different strategies developed in recent years regarding the modification of lipases are described. For the first time, the impact of the modifications on the activity and stability of lipases, as well as on the biotechnological applications, is fully compiled. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Noro
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal.,LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
High-throughput optical assays for sensing serine hydrolases in living systems and their applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
21
|
Enespa, Chandra P, Singh DP. Sources, purification, immobilization and industrial applications of microbial lipases: An overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6653-6686. [PMID: 35179093 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipase is looking for better attention with the fast growth of enzyme proficiency and other benefits like easy, cost-effective, and reliable manufacturing. Immobilized enzymes can be used repetitively and are incapable to catalyze the reactions in the system continuously. Hydrophobic supports are utilized to immobilize enzymes when the ionic strength is low. This approach allows for the immobilization, purification, stability, and hyperactivation of lipases in a single step. The diffusion of the substrate is more advantageous on hydrophobic supports than on hydrophilic supports in the carrier. These approaches are critical to the immobilization performance of the enzyme. For enzyme immobilization, synthesis provides a higher pH value as well as greater heat stability. Using a mixture of immobilization methods, the binding force between enzymes and the support rises, reducing enzyme leakage. Lipase adsorption produces interfacial activation when it is immobilized on hydrophobic support. As a result, in the immobilization process, this procedure is primarily used for a variety of industrial applications. Microbial sources, immobilization techniques, and industrial applications in the fields of food, flavor, detergent, paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, biodiesel, derivatives of esters and amino groups, agrochemicals, biosensor applications, cosmetics, perfumery, and bioremediation are all discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enespa
- School for Agriculture, Sri Mahesh Prasad Post Graduate College, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prem Chandra
- Food Microbiology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central) University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Taguchi design-assisted co-immobilization of lipase A and B from Candida antarctica onto chitosan: Characterization, kinetic resolution application, and docking studies. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
23
|
Abstract
COVID-19 brought a scientific revolution since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Initially, the SARS-CoV-2 virus came to attention through its effects on the respiratory system. However, its actions in many other organs also have been discovered almost daily. As enzymes are indispensable to uncountable biochemical reactions in the human body, it is not surprising that some enzymes are of relevance to COVID-19 pathophysiology. Past evidence from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV outbreaks provided hints about the role of enzymes in SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this setting, ACE-2 is an enzyme of great importance since it is the cell entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Clinical data elucidate patterns of enzymatic alterations in COVID-19, which could be associated with organ damage, prognosis, and clinical complications. Further, viral mutations can create new disease behaviors, and these effects are related to the activity of enzymes. This review will discuss the main enzymes related to COVID-19, summarizing the findings on their role in viral entry mechanism, the consequences of their dysregulation, and the effects of SARS-CoV-2 mutations on them.
Collapse
|
24
|
Xiao Y, Liu YD, Yuan G, Mao RQ, Li G. An uncharacterized protein from the metagenome with no obvious homology to known lipases shows excellent alkaline lipase properties and potential applications in the detergent industry. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:2311-2325. [PMID: 34698972 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel lipase, Lip486, which has no obvious homology with known lipases, was discovered using functional metagenomics technology. Phylogenetic tree analysis suggested that the enzyme belongs to a new subfamily called lipolytic enzyme family II. To explore the enzymatic properties, lip486 was expressed heterologously and efficiently in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme displayed the highest activity on the substrate p-nitrophenyl caprate with a carbon chain length of 10, and its optimum temperature and pH were 53 °C and 8.0, respectively. The recombinant Lip486 showed good activity and stability in strong alkaline and medium-low-temperature environments. The results of compatibility and soaking tests showed that the enzyme had good compatibility with 4 kinds of commercial detergents, and an appropriate soaking time could further improve the enzyme activity. Oil stain removal test results for a cotton cloth indicated that the washing performance of commercial laundry detergent supplemented with Lip486 was further improved. In addition, as one of the smallest lipases found to date, Lip486 also has the advantages of high yield, good stability and easy molecular modification. These characteristics reflect the good application prospects for Lip486 in the detergent and other industries in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-De Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yao W, Liu K, Liu H, Jiang Y, Wang R, Wang W, Wang T. A Valuable Product of Microbial Cell Factories: Microbial Lipase. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:743377. [PMID: 34616387 PMCID: PMC8489457 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.743377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a powerful factory, microbial cells produce a variety of enzymes, such as lipase. Lipase has a wide range of actions and participates in multiple reactions, and they can catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into its component free fatty acids and glycerol backbone. Lipase exists widely in nature, most prominently in plants, animals and microorganisms, among which microorganisms are the most important source of lipase. Microbial lipases have been adapted for numerous industrial applications due to their substrate specificity, heterogeneous patterns of expression and versatility (i.e., capacity to catalyze reactions at the extremes of pH and temperature as well as in the presence of metal ions and organic solvents). Now they have been introduced into applications involving the production and processing of food, pharmaceutics, paper making, detergents, biodiesel fuels, and so on. In this mini-review, we will focus on the most up-to-date research on microbial lipases and their commercial and industrial applications. We will also discuss and predict future applications of these important technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Kaiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Adetunji AI, Olaniran AO. Production strategies and biotechnological relevance of microbial lipases: a review. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1257-1269. [PMID: 33904151 PMCID: PMC8324693 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of lipids into long-chain fatty acids and glycerol in oil-water interface. In addition, they catalyze broad spectrum of bioconversion reactions including esterification, inter-esterification, among others in non-aqueous and micro-aqueous milieu. Lipases are universally produced from plants, animals, and microorganisms. However, lipases from microbial origin are mostly preferred owing to their lower production costs, ease of genetic manipulation etc. The secretion of these biocatalysts by microorganisms is influenced by nutritional and physicochemical parameters. Optimization of the bioprocess parameters enhanced lipase production. In addition, microbial lipases have gained intensified attention for a wide range of applications in food, detergent, and cosmetics industries as well as in environmental bioremediation. This review provides insights into strategies for production of microbial lipases for potential biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa.
| | - Ademola Olufolahan Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Perez R, de Souza Araujo N, Defrance M, Aron S. Molecular adaptations to heat stress in the thermophilic ant genus Cataglyphis. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5503-5516. [PMID: 34415643 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, increasing attention has been paid to the molecular adaptations used by organisms to cope with thermal stress. However, to date, few studies have focused on thermophilic species living in hot, arid climates. In this study, we explored molecular adaptations to heat stress in the thermophilic ant genus Cataglyphis, one of the world's most thermotolerant animal taxa. We compared heat tolerance and gene expression patterns across six Cataglyphis species from distinct phylogenetic groups that live in different habitats and experience different thermal regimes. We found that all six species had high heat tolerance levels with critical thermal maxima (CTmax ) ranging from 43℃ to 45℃ and a median lethal temperature (LT50) ranging from 44.5℃ to 46.8℃. Transcriptome analyses revealed that, although the number of differentially expressed genes varied widely for the six species (from 54 to 1118), many were also shared. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed and co-expressed genes showed that the biological pathways involved in heat-shock responses were similar among species and were associated with four major processes: the regulation of transcriptional machinery and DNA metabolism; the preservation of proteome stability; the elimination of toxic residues; and the maintenance of cellular integrity. Overall, our results suggest that molecular responses to heat stress have been evolutionarily conserved in the ant genus Cataglyphis and that their diversity may help workers withstand temperatures close to their physiological limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Perez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natalia de Souza Araujo
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Aron
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases as industrial biocatalysts: Biotechnological approaches and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:127-142. [PMID: 34298046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of new biocatalytic systems to replace the chemical catalysts, with suitable characteristics in terms of efficiency, stability under high temperature reactions and in the presence of organic solvents, reusability, and eco-friendliness is considered a very important step to move towards the green processes. From this basis, the use of lipase as a catalyst is highly desired for many industrial applications because it offers the reactions in which could be used, stability in harsh conditions, reusability and a greener process. Therefore, the introduction of temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have become essential and ideal for industrial applications. Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have been involved in many large-scale applications including biodiesel, detergent, food, pharmaceutical, organic synthesis, biosensing, pulp and paper, textile, animal feed, cosmetics, and leather industry. So, the present review provides a comprehensive overview of the industrial use of lipase. Moreover, special interest in biotechnological and biochemical techniques for enhancing temperature-resistance and solvent-tolerance of lipases to be suitable for the industrial uses.
Collapse
|
29
|
Dahiya D, Nigam PS. An overview of three biocatalysts of pharmaceutical importance synthesized by microbial cultures. AIMS Microbiol 2021; 7:124-137. [PMID: 34250371 PMCID: PMC8255904 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2021009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article includes a general overview of the published research on a topic relevant to biomedical sciences research, pharma-industries and healthcare sector. We have presented a concise information on three enzymes. These biomolecules have been investigated for their biocatalytic activities beneficial in the detection of drugs and their metabolites present in micro-quantities in samples of blood, urine, and other body fluids, such as salicylate hydroxylase, and dihydrofolate reductase. Some enzymes are useful in biotransformation of compounds to convert them in an optically active form, such as lipase. The information presented in this article has been collected from the published studies on their catalytic function, and biosynthesis using selected microorganisms. Several diagnostic assays are currently using enzymes as effective biocatalysts to perform the detection-test. For the marketing and consumer's convenience, pharmaceutical companies have designed biosensors and diagnostic kits by incorporating specific enzymes for rapid tests required in pathology, as well as for the quantification of certain metabolites and chemicals in pathology samples in a shorter time. For such purpose use of enzymes synthesized by selected specific microorganisms is economical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Singh Nigam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Northern Ireland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ali S, Liu X, Sen L, Lan D, Wang J, Hassan MI, Wang Y. Sequence and structure-based method to predict diacylglycerol lipases in protein sequence. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:455-463. [PMID: 33836195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipase enzymes play a central role in biotechnology and the food industry. Diacylglyceride lipases (DAG) have received considerable attention due to their physiological significance and potential industrial usage. However, compared to the wide application of triacylglycerol (TAG) lipases, DAG lipases have a limited application due to their low thermostability and specific activity. The molecular basis of substrate specificity of DAG lipases remains elusive, making structure-guided engineering of TAG to DAG lipase difficult. Besides, the number of available DAG lipases is limited compared to TAG lipases. In the current study, we identified structural consensus motifs of DAG lipases that contribute to their DAG specificity on a structural comparison of DAG and TAG lipases. To find potential DAG lipases, sequence motifs and predicted secondary structures were used to screen millions of protein sequences and predict new DAG lipases. In total, 83 new putative DAG lipases were identified. The predicted DAG lipases were validated by expression of randomly chosen putative DAG lipases followed by functional assay for their DAG and TAG specific activity. The reported method is efficient and cost-effective for discovering new DAG lipases used in the food industry after the required characterization to meet potential application needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Sen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Imtiyaz Hassan
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Characterization of a novel sn1,3 lipase from Ricinus communis L. suitable for production of oleic acid-palmitic acid-glycerol oleate. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6913. [PMID: 33767251 PMCID: PMC7994567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrolysis properties of lipase in castor was evaluated using two different substrate forms (tripalmitic glycerides and trioleic glycerides) to catalyze the reaction under different operational conditions. RcLipase was obtained from castor seeds and results show that RcLipase is a conservative serine lipase with a conserved catalytic center (SDH) and a conserved pentapeptide (GXSXG). This enzyme exhibited the greatest activity and tolerance to chloroform and toluene when it was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 at 40 ℃ and pH 8.0. Zn and Cu ions exerted obvious inhibitory effects on the enzyme, and displayed good hydrolytic activity for long-chain natural and synthetic lipids. HPLC analysis showed that this enzyme has 1,3 regioselectivity when glycerol tripalmitate and oleic acid are used as substrates. The fatty acid composition in the reaction product was 21.3% oleic acid and 79.1% sn-2 palmitic acid.
Collapse
|
32
|
Agroindustrial Wastes as a Support for the Immobilization of Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: Synthesis of Hexyl Laurate. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030445. [PMID: 33802693 PMCID: PMC8002546 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of intense industrialization in the last few decades, the amount of agro-industrial wastes has increasing, where new forms of valorization are crucial. In this work, five residual biomasses from Maranhão (Brazil) were investigated as supports for immobilization of lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL). The new biocatalysts BM-TLL (babaçu mesocarp) and RH-TLL (rice husk) showed immobilization efficiencies >98% and hydrolytic activities of 5.331 U g-1 and 4.608 U g-1, respectively, against 142 U g-1 by Lipozyme® TL IM. High esterification activities were also found, with 141.4 U g-1 and 396.4 U g-1 from BM-TLL and RH-TLL, respectively, against 113.5 U g-1 by TL IM. Results of porosimetry, SEM, and BET demonstrated BM and RH supports are mesoporous materials with large hydrophobic area, allowing a mixture of hydrophobic adsorption and confinement, resulting in hyperactivation of TLL. These biocatalysts were applied in the production of hexyl laurate, where RH-TLL was able to generate 94% conversion in 4 h. Desorption with Triton X-100 and NaCl confirmed that new biocatalysts were more efficient with 5 times less protein than commercial TL IM. All results demonstrated that residual biomass was able to produce robust and stable biocatalysts containing immobilized TLL with better results than commercial preparations.
Collapse
|
33
|
Bilal M, Fernandes CD, Mehmood T, Nadeem F, Tabassam Q, Ferreira LFR. Immobilized lipases-based nano-biocatalytic systems - A versatile platform with incredible biotechnological potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:108-122. [PMID: 33548312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lipases belong to α/β hydrolases that cause hydrolytic catalysis of triacylglycerols to release monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, and glycerol with free fatty acids. Lipases have a common active site that contains three amino acid residues in a conserved Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly motif: a nucleophilic serine residue, an acidic aspartic or glutamic acid residue, and a basic histidine residue. Lipase plays a significant role in numerous industrial and biotechnological processes, including paper, food, oleochemical and pharmaceutical applications. However, its instability and aqueous solubility make application expensive and relatively challenging. Immobilization has been considered as a promising approach to improve enzyme stability, reusability, and survival under extreme temperature and pH environments. Innumerable supporting material in the form of natural polymers and nanostructured materials is a crucial aspect in the procedure of lipase immobilization used to afford biocompatibility, stability in physio-chemical belongings, and profuse binding positions for enzymes. This review outlines the unique structural and functional properties of a large number of polymers and nanomaterials as robust support matrices for lipase immobilization. Given these supporting materials, the applications of immobilized lipases in different industries, such as biodiesel production, polymer synthesis, additives, detergent, textile, and food industry are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Clara Dourado Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Murilo Dantas Avenue, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Murilo Dantas Avenue, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Tahir Mehmood
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences-UVAS, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Fareeha Nadeem
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences-UVAS, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qudsia Tabassam
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 4010, Pakistan
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Murilo Dantas Avenue, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Murilo Dantas Avenue, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Srivastav AL, Patel N, Chaudhary VK. Disinfection by-products in drinking water: Occurrence, toxicity and abatement. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115474. [PMID: 32889516 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection means the killing of pathogenic organisms (e.g. bacteria and its spores, viruses, protozoa and their cysts, worms, and larvae) present in water to make it potable for other domestic works. The substances used in the disinfection of water are known as disinfectants. At municipal level, chlorine (Cl2), chloramines (NH2Cl, NHCl2), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), ozone (O3) and ultraviolet (UV) radiations, are the most commonly used disinfectants. Chlorination, because of its removal efficiency and cost effectiveness, has been widely used as method of disinfection of water. But, disinfection process may add several kinds of disinfection by-products (DBPs) (∼600-700 in numbers) in the treated water such as Trihalomethanes (THM), Haloacetic acids (HAA) etc. which are detrimental to the human beings in terms of cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. In water, THMs and HAAs were observed in the range from 0.138 to 458 μg/L and 0.16-136 μg/L, respectively. Thus, several regulations have been specified by world authorities like WHO, USEPA and Bureau of Indian Standard to protect human health. Some techniques have also been developed to remove the DBPs as well as their precursors from the water. The popular techniques of DBPs removals are adsorption, advance oxidation process, coagulation, membrane based filtration, combined approaches etc. The efficiency of adsorption technique was found up to 90% for DBP removal from the water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Lal Srivastav
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Naveen Patel
- Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Engineering & Technology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Awadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Awadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
The fabrication of a high performance enzymatic hybrid membrane reactor (EHMR) containing immobilized Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) onto graphene oxide nanosheets-blended polyethersulfone membrane. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Multi-Combilipases: Co-Immobilizing Lipases with Very Different Stabilities Combining Immobilization via Interfacial Activation and Ion Exchange. The Reuse of the Most Stable Co-Immobilized Enzymes after Inactivation of the Least Stable Ones. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipases A and B from Candida antarctica (CALA and CALB), Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) or Rhizomucor miehei (RML), and the commercial and artificial phospholipase Lecitase ultra (LEU) may be co-immobilized on octyl agarose beads. However, LEU and RML became almost fully inactivated under conditions where CALA, CALB and TLL retained full activity. This means that, to have a five components co-immobilized combi-lipase, we should discard 3 fully active and immobilized enzymes when the other two enzymes are inactivated. To solve this situation, CALA, CALB and TLL have been co-immobilized on octyl-vinyl sulfone agarose beads, coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) and the least stable enzymes, RML and LEU have been co-immobilized over these immobilized enzymes. The coating with PEI is even favorable for the activity of the immobilized enzymes. It was checked that RML and LEU could be released from the enzyme-PEI coated biocatalyst, although this also produced some release of the PEI. That way, a protocol was developed to co-immobilize the five enzymes, in a way that the most stable could be reused after the inactivation of the least stable ones. After RML and LEU inactivation, the combi-biocatalysts were incubated in 0.5 M of ammonium sulfate to release the inactivated enzymes, incubated again with PEI and a new RML and LEU batch could be immobilized, maintaining the activity of the three most stable enzymes for at least five cycles of incubation at pH 7.0 and 60 °C for 3 h, incubation on ammonium sulfate, incubation in PEI and co-immobilization of new enzymes. The effect of the order of co-immobilization of the different enzymes on the co-immobilized biocatalyst activity was also investigated using different substrates, finding that when the most active enzyme versus one substrate was immobilized first (nearer to the surface of the particle), the activity was higher than when this enzyme was co-immobilized last (nearer to the particle core).
Collapse
|
37
|
Mehta A, Grover C, Bhardwaj KK, Gupta R. Application of Lipase Purified from Aspergillus fumigatus in the Syntheses of Ethyl Acetate and Ethyl Lactate. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:23-29. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akshita Mehta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University
| | - Chetna Grover
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University
| | | | - Reena Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Indoxyl Acetate as a Substrate for Analysis of Lipase Activity. Int J Anal Chem 2019; 2019:8538340. [PMID: 31885593 PMCID: PMC6914949 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8538340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases play a crucial role in metabolism of microbes, fungi, plants, and animals, and in analytical chemistry, they are often used in detection of fats and triglycerides. Determination of lipase activity is also important in toxicology, when lipase activity can be both increased and decreased by organophosphates and other pesticides and in medicine for diagnosis of heart diseases. The standard method for lipase activity determination is based on cleaving ester bonds in lipase buffer containing Tween. Our aim was to find a method with faster and more sensitive response. It is known that acetylcholinesterase belongs to the same group of hydrolases enzymes as lipases and it cleaves indoxyl acetate, so we assume indoxyl acetate could report a similar reaction with lipase. Our method is based on indoxyl acetate as a substrate for lipase, where indoxyl acetate is cleaved by lipase to indoxyl and acetate moiety and blue indigo is created. The method was optimized for different times and amount of enzyme and compared with the standard Tween assay. The calibration curve measured in reaction time 20 minutes with 10 μl of lipase exhibited the best analytical parameters, and it showed Michaelis-Menten response with the Michaelis-Menten constant equal to 8.72 mmol/l. The indoxyl acetate-based method showed faster and more sensitive response than the standard method for lipase activity determination, so it has great potential in biosensor construction and it could be used in industry, medicine, toxicology, and common practice where the activity of lipases is need to be measured.
Collapse
|
39
|
Robert de Rancher MA, Gobeaux-Chenevier C, Lemarechal H, Alkouri R, Borderie D, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Monneret D. Non-linearity and gaps in results distribution over successive Roche Lipase method applications: improvement but persistence. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 79:572-578. [PMID: 31566421 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1672087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-linearity within the primary measurement range of a lipase assay (<300 U/L) has been shown on Cobas® Roche analyzers, causing gaps in results distribution between 300 and 400 U/L. Since, new lipase method applications (LMAs) have been used. The purpose is to retrospectively evaluate their impact on relative frequencies of lipase results (RFLs).Plasma lipase results from two hospital laboratories, assayed over 7.2 years, were collected. Over this period, three successive LMAs, characterized by automated repeat-on-dilution (1/11, 1/2, or 1/10), were applied for lipase results >300 U/L: LMA1 and LMA2 on the Modular®P800, Cobas®c501 and Cobas®C701 analyzers, and LMA3 on the Cobas®C701. RFLs were determined, linearity tests were performed, and inter-agreements between lipase results corrected and uncorrected for nonlinear biases were assessed, using 180 U/L as a decisional cut-off for acute pancreatitis.Overall, RFL gaps narrowed from LMA1 (300 to ∼380 U/L) to LMA3 (300 to ∼330 U/L). For a lipase activity fixed at 300 U/L, non-linearity biases were determined at -11.2% on the Modular®P800 (LMA1), -20.8% on the Cobas®c501 (LMA1), and -3.5% (LMA2) and -2.2% (LM3) on the Cobas®C701. Diagnostically, a maximum of 0.48% lipase results were misclassified as negative (LMA1 on the Cobas®c501), and a minimum of 0.01% misclassified as negative (LMA3 on the Cobas®C701). In conclusion, successive Roche lipase method applications improved linearity within the primary measurement range. While persisting, gaps in lipase results distribution narrowed with the evolution of the methods, with a minor impact in terms of diagnostic of acute pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Gobeaux-Chenevier
- Service de Diagnostic Biologique Automatisé, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre (HUPC), Paris, France
| | - Hervé Lemarechal
- Service de Diagnostic Biologique Automatisé, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre (HUPC), Paris, France
| | - Rana Alkouri
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Didier Borderie
- Service de Diagnostic Biologique Automatisé, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre (HUPC), Paris, France.,inserm Umr 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot
- Service de Biochimie Métabolique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Denis Monneret
- Services de Biochimie, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dey A, Bhunia B. Recent Advances in Strain Improvement, Production, Purification and Applications of Industrial Enzyme. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 13:3. [PMID: 30810101 DOI: 10.2174/187220831301190201122202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Apurba Dey
- Department of Bio Engineering, NIT Agartala, India
| | | |
Collapse
|